The popularity of wood in private construction remains high even with the advent of the newest building materials. This is largely due to its reasonable cost, availability and ease of processing. Despite the fact that today you can easily buy a suitable board, beam or batten, the question of cutting logs yourself is of interest to every thrifty owner. And this is natural, because the costs of purchasing commercial timber cannot be compared with the cost of edged lumber. Of course, running your own sawmill just to fix a fence or repair a roof is not practical. If we are talking about starting construction on an empty site, then your own sawmill will be very useful. And you can save on its purchase if you build the unit yourself.

Design and principle of operation of a band sawing unit

A modern band sawmill is a real automated complex

A band sawmill is a universal machine used for longitudinal sawing of logs to produce standard lumber - boards, timber, sleepers, carriages. Structurally, the unit consists of four main components: a band saw and its drive, a mechanism for moving the saw frame, a device for adjusting the height of the working blade and a clamping device for fastening the round timber. The sawmill is powered by an electric motor or internal combustion engine. Regardless of the power unit used, its power must ensure long-term operation of the equipment without overload. For a non-professional machine, an asynchronous electric machine with a power of 5 kW or a gasoline (diesel) unit of 6 - 8 liters will be quite sufficient. With. During operation of the machine, torque is transmitted to impellers (pulleys) with an installed “endless” saw blade up to 60 mm wide. Since the saw blade heats up and sags during operation, a hydraulic or spring-type tension mechanism is used.

Saw frame device

The longitudinal movement of the frame with the installed drive mechanism is carried out on rails installed on a solid concrete base. For this purpose, hardened steel rollers are mounted in the lower part of the unit body, the ease of rotation of which is ensured by closed ball bearings. The maximum length of the processed timber depends on the length of the rail guides.

The thickness of the wood layer cut from a log is determined by the height of the saw blade above the floor level and is regulated by a special unit, which includes a pair of threaded transmission and its drive mechanism. Thanks to the simultaneous rotation of two screws located at the edges of the carriage, its movement along the vertical guides is ensured and the saw does not warp.

Using a belt-type sawmill, you can obtain material of any thickness with minimal losses on sawdust

Shifting of the log during operation of the unit is prevented by a clamping device, which is assembled from a guide in the form of a round pipe and bushings with hooks installed on it with a large gap. The skew of the moving unit with installed “claws” leads to jamming of the device, which ensures the immobility of the round timber during processing. To better understand the operation of this device, carefully examine the illustration provided.

Jig operation

The operating principle of the sawmill is extremely simple. The log intended for sawing is placed in a bed between the rail guides. Then it is fixed with hooks, which are wedged with several blows of a hammer into the edges of the moving units. The carriage with the band saw is brought to the end of the round timber, after which the height of the working blade is set. After turning on the machine, the operator smoothly moves the saw frame along the rails, due to which the board is gradually cut to the required thickness. After reaching the other edge of the log, the cut lumber is put aside, the saw is raised and the unit returns to its original position.

Some sources suggest repeating the design of units in which the saw carriage is mounted motionless, and the cutting is carried out by moving a log laid on a movable platform. Perhaps such a scheme has a right to exist, but it must be taken into account that its implementation will require rails of double length.

The machine described above is a simple sawmill. If we talk about modern equipment, it almost completely eliminates manual labor. All operations, including moving the saw frame and adjusting the height of the band blade, are performed automatically, upon command from the control panel.

Video: Features of the band sawmill

What you will need to build a sawmill

For those who think building their own sawmill is not a difficult task, let us say right away that creating a high-quality, efficient unit is not easy. And the point is not even that one cannot do without certain financial costs - as a rule, the budget of a homemade sawmill easily fits into the amount of 30 - 40 thousand rubles. Assembling a unit capable of producing high-quality lumber will require solving problems related to stability of operation, ensuring the strength of components and parts, setting up and adjusting mechanisms, making devices for sharpening a band saw and setting its teeth, etc. Are you not afraid of difficulties? Then check out what materials and tools you will need for the job.

As rail guides, you can use steel angles with a flange width of at least 50 mm, a channel or an I-beam. The main requirement for rails is their straight geometry. It must be borne in mind that any shortcoming of our miniature “railway” will affect the quality of the cut, since the tape blade will copy every unevenness, transferring it to the surface of the board. That is why the best option would be T, N or U-shaped rolled metal. Unfortunately, corners are most susceptible to bending during manufacturing and transportation. The most ideal case would be to use factory rails, for example, from narrow-gauge transport, which, with some luck, can be found at scrap metal collection points.

The rollers that provide longitudinal movement of the sawmill can be turned on a lathe and hardened. In some cases, the use of conventional ball bearings is allowed.

Excellent rollers are made from linear guides based on ball bearings, which can be found on sale. This solution cannot be called the cheapest, but there is no doubt about the reliability and durability of such a unit

Actually, the frame, saw carriage and bed for laying logs are made of square and rectangular profile pipes. It is best to use rolled metal with maximum wall thickness. This will provide the equipment with the necessary strength, since the operation of the machine is associated with variable dynamic loads.

For the mechanism for adjusting the height of the carriage (traverse), you will need guides made of steel pipes with sliders and two long screws with nuts. For these purposes, you can use parts from decommissioned screw-cutting lathes (unlikely, but never mind), mechanical presses, or threaded rods from a construction store (the most affordable, but least preferred option). You can also order the production of parts from a turner - it’s still unlikely to be possible without contacting a specialist. In addition, you will need a chain drive, which is often borrowed from the gas distribution mechanism of automobile engines. Alternatively, you can use a bicycle chain and sprockets.

Pulleys from old domestic combine harvesters of the Kolos, Niva brands and other agricultural machinery are best suited as impellers for the belt blade. By the way, you can also get shafts and bearing housings from there. Please note that the diameter of the guides must be at least 30 cm (optimally 50 cm), otherwise excessive mechanical stress will lead to cracks at the base of the saw teeth.

Pulleys from decommissioned domestic agricultural machinery can be used in the design of the band saw drive

There are designs of homemade installations with guide pulleys in the form of wheels from passenger cars. For skeptics, we note that such a homemade solution has a lot of advantages, starting from the possibility of using assembled hubs and ending with the fact that fine adjustment of the belt tension during operation can be done by inflating the tires.

You can buy a band saw new or used. It is best to have several blades in stock, which can be replaced with sharp ones as they become dull.

As for the tools that will be needed during the work process, every self-respecting owner should have one. In particular, you will need:

• welding machine;
• “grinder”, or, in professional language, an angle grinder;
• drill press or electric drill;
• a set of drills for concrete and metal;
• set of metalwork clamps;
• set of wrenches;
• hammer;
• pliers;
• fasteners (bolts, nuts, washers of various sizes);
• measuring instrument (ruler, caliper, tape measure);
• level (preferably laser type).

Don’t forget that you will need to prepare a strong, level foundation, so be prepared for concrete work - stock up on sand, crushed stone and cement, prepare a concrete mixer, tampers, formwork and a long rule.

Preparatory activities

At the preparation stage, the optimal design is selected, the necessary calculations are made and drawings are developed. After this, materials and tools are prepared and a place for installation of the sawmill is arranged.

Design work, drawings

The construction of a sawmill begins with the selection of a production site. It has been experimentally established that this will require an area of ​​at least 3x6 m in size. In any case, when planning the length of the working area, it is necessary to take into account the maximum size of the forest being processed. It is best if the unit is installed indoors or under a large canopy. In this case, you can work in any weather.

Then the number of angles (channels, I-beams) and profile pipes required for the manufacture of rail guides, stock and saw frame is determined. The distance between the rails is calculated by adding gaps of at least 0.3 - 0.4 m on each side to the maximum diameter of the log. In addition, it is necessary to take into account transverse reinforcements, which are installed between the rails every 0.8 - 1 m. Supporting elements for timber can be mounted on the same reinforcements, raising the bed to a height of at least 0.2 m above the level of the guides.

Sawmill diagram Saw carriage drawing
Rail guide drawing

Depending on the design, drawings are made of components that will need to be turned on a lathe - rollers, screws, shafts, bearing housings, pulleys, etc. The design of a homemade sawmill is taken based on financial capabilities, availability of materials and individual components, so the exact design of the unit everyone does it independently. However, we provide diagrams and drawings of the sawmill and its individual components as an example. They can be used in your own developments.

Drawing of the tension mechanism Drawing of the roller Impeller assembly

Preparing the base

A properly made foundation will ensure the equipment’s stable linear characteristics during operation.

Since building your own sawmill is a serious matter, you need to approach it responsibly. Perhaps in the future the equipment will become not only a good help in the household, but also a source of additional income. Such important factors as the durability and reliability of the sawmill, the ease of operation and the quality of the resulting lumber largely depend on how strong and level the base it has.

The construction of a base slab is no different from the construction of a shallow floating or simple strip foundation. A lot has been written about it, so there is no need to dwell on the construction process in detail. Let us only remind you that you will need a cushion of sand and gravel, the thickness of the base is made at least 10 - 15 cm, and its strength is ensured by an armored belt made of steel rod with a diameter of at least 10 mm. In this case, significant variable loads will not lead to cracks or subsidence of the concrete slab.

Instructions for making a sawmill with your own hands

As a working project, we will take a design with wheels from a passenger car, known for its simplicity and low cost. Since the correct and reliable operation of the saw unit depends on each element, we will consider in detail the manufacturing process of each unit, the nuances of assembling and setting up the equipment.

Rail guides

Laying rail guides

When using corners measuring 50x50 mm as rails, they are not laid on one of the shelves, but with the edge angle facing upward. This will reduce wear on parts and provide increased structural rigidity. If you use rolled metal with a 100 mm flange for the guides, then such a corner can be installed in any position. It must be said that the most successful option is rails made from I-beams or channels, since they have increased rigidity even without being “embroidered” with the help of transverse elements. By the way, a square profile with a width of at least 25 mm is used as “sleepers”. The rail parts are connected to each other using electric welding. When installing spacers, weld a half-inch diameter pipe with devices installed on it for fixing logs (“claws”).

When performing welding work, you must ensure that the workpiece does not “lead”, which often happens when parts overheat. Most often, such troubles occur with corners and other thin metal products, so in this case it is better to use a semi-automatic welding machine that operates in a carbon dioxide environment.

If it is not possible to ensure the straightness of the rails during welding, then the installation of the transverse elements is carried out with a threaded connection. The guides are attached to the concrete base using anchor bolts.

Simultaneously with the installation of the rails, a bed for laying timber is constructed. To do this, vertical H-shaped posts with a minimum rod height of 10 cm and protrusions to prevent rolling of round timber of at least 5 cm in size are attached to the “sleepers.”

The bed for laying lumber can have any configuration

The nearest 3-4 crossbars are installed at a shorter distance - no more than 0.5 m. Thanks to this solution, in the future it will be possible to work not only with long pieces, but also with short workpieces.

Both parts turned on a lathe and ordinary ball bearings can be used as rollers. In the first case, a hole must be provided for installing the rotation unit, and the wheels themselves are hardened. The second option involves installing one enlarged and two or three identical bearings on the axle. Of course, the parts are selected with the same internal size, and the shaft is machined with a thrust collar on one side and threads for attaching rollers on the other.

Wide rollers are good because any rolled metal can be used as rails, including channels and I-beams

Saw frame

The manufacture of the saw frame begins with vertical guides, of which two pieces are required. It is best to make the racks and sliders from steel pipes selected with minimal clearance. After this, a rectangular frame of the carriage is made, to the sides of which the upper and lower sliders are welded. Since impellers will be mounted on the lower cross member, it must be made of a rigid square pipe or channel.

Trying on guides and sliders

The body of the sawmill is not something complicated, since it consists of paired vertical and horizontal elements connected at right angles. A durable frame is made from a square steel profile with a width of at least 50 mm. Smaller rectangular metal can be used as spacers.

Welding the bed

The use of profile pipes will provide rigidity to the structure. If corners are used as structural materials, then their joints are additionally reinforced with steel braces with a thickness of at least 2 mm.

Rollers are installed at the bottom of the frame, having previously determined the distance between their thrust walls. It must match the width of the rail guides.

Saw frame assembled with guides and carriage

Carriage lifting mechanism. Photo gallery

Vertical movement of the carriage is ensured by a paired screw mechanism with manual drive and chain drive. The nuts are welded to the lower bushings (sliders), and the thrust part of the screw is mounted to the upper crossbar of the saw frame. The screws will rotate easily if you use suitable bearings as supports.

The saw carriage lifting mechanism drive assembly with the drive and tensioner The upper assembly of the lifting mechanism The lifting mechanism nut is welded to the carriage bushing
On the top cross member the screw is installed in the bearing

To ensure that the lifting mechanism works without distortions, sprockets of the same size are installed on the shafts. After installing the chain, it is tensioned using a roller or fluoroplastic cracker. The drive of the flexible transmission is provided by gears of different sizes, one of which is rigidly connected to one of the screws, and the other is mounted on a separate shaft. The use of an oversized drive sprocket will allow you to quickly move the carriage along the guides. The fixation mechanism can be made of a spring-loaded pin, which, after adjustment, is installed between the chain rollers and fixed brackets. After assembly, the drive is equipped with a comfortable handle.

Pulleys

Manufacturing of hub adjustment unit

For pulleys, wheels and axle shafts are taken from a rear-wheel drive passenger car. To secure them to the bottom cross member of the carriage, you will need bearing units. It is best to order these parts from a turner - in this case it will be possible to make them adjustable, which will allow you to move the axes of the impellers to the sides. The fact is that during operation the band saw heats up and lengthens. If you don’t pull it up in time, it can fly off our “pulleys.” If you move them a couple of degrees away from the longitudinal axis, you can eliminate this danger.

Mounting the hubs on the saw carriage

Adjustment units are sections of pipes, one of which is installed into the other with a gap of up to 5 mm. The inner clutch is also a housing for the axle bearings, and its alignment is ensured by screws installed on the outer collet.

Installation of the power unit and main drive elements

One wheel is mounted motionless on the carriage, supplying the shank of its axle shaft with a pulley. The other is mounted on a movable unit, which will pre-tension the saw blade. The installation of pulleys is not carried out horizontally, but with an offset of 2 - 4 mm in the vertical plane. The leveling of the band saw occurs due to the displacement of the cutting blade support unit. This structural element can be made of three ball bearings, like the rollers of a saw frame.

Installation of the band saw support unit. The device of its adjustment mechanism is clearly visible

After assembling and installing all components, the power unit is mounted on the unit. Rotation from the engine to the drive wheel is transmitted via a V-belt drive. Depending on the motor used, the belt is tensioned using a spring-loaded roller, if an internal combustion engine is used, or by shifting the frame with an installed electric motor. In addition, a protective casing is made that prevents sawdust from flying in all directions. At the last stage, a container with lubricating and washing liquid (LCF) is installed, the tube from which is connected to one of the cutting units.

A small hydraulic jack can be used in the saw blade tensioning mechanism

After assembling the unit and checking the tightness of all bolted connections, a band saw is installed on the impellers, after tensioning which a test run of the sawmill is carried out. If the test switch-on is successful, then the engine is turned off and after the saw has completely stopped, the log is laid and fixed on the bed. The thickness of the first board is adjusted using the saw lifting mechanism, after which a test cut is made. The installation is turned off and inspected, a conclusion is made about the operability of the sawmill.

Video: Band sawmill made at home

We hope we were able to convince you that building your own sawmill, although difficult, is quite possible. A self-made unit can work no worse than a factory sawmill only if you follow the recommendations of experienced craftsmen during the work process. Believe me, the care and scrupulousness shown will be reflected in perfectly straight cuts. Your site will acquire new, stylish buildings, built using warm and noble materials, obtained with your own hands.

Thanks to my varied hobbies, I write on various topics, but my favorites are engineering, technology and construction. Perhaps because I know many nuances in these areas, not only theoretically, as a result of studying at a technical university and graduate school, but also from the practical side, since I try to do everything with my own hands.

Not everyone can afford the purchase of a ready-made sawmill, especially since it will only pay off with constant use (read commercial use). Is it possible to make a sawmill with your own hands? What difficulties will a do-it-yourselfer face if he decides to cut raw logs into industrial wood on his own?

Homemade band sawmill

Let’s make a reservation right away – making a band sawmill yourself is very difficult. It’s not so much about the components, extensive turning and welding work, the need to sharpen and route the saw in a special way, but about the well-functioning performance of the entire complex.

It is necessary to ensure loading and stability of movement of up to 300 kg of one log, adjustment of cutting thickness, and most importantly, safety precautions. But if the availability of free wood wins, we make a band sawmill with our own hands.

Let us explain the principle of tape cutting with an example: take two spools of thread, stretch a threaded thin tape between them. By forcibly rotating the tape, we cut the log, the distance between the tapes is the maximum size of the beam. Band saws are convenient for cutting boards.

We start with choosing a production area or premises - at least 3x6 m, verified. The second most important thing is the metal wheels of the cart and band saw, this must be found or purchased. Order the frame of the belt mechanism with wheels, or it is better to buy a ready-made one. Self-production requires skills and a lot of high-precision tooling.

View 1: 1 - stand; 2 - roller; 3 - plate; 4 - screw; 5 - chain; 6 — guide lug; 7 — movable comb; 8 - screw; 9 - fixed comb; 10 - remote control.
View 2: 1 - pulley for starting the engine (if a three-phase motor is connected to a single-phase network); 2 - engine; 3 - pulley; 4 - shaft; 5 — housing with bearing; 6 - base; 7 - flywheel; 8 - finger; 9 — connecting rod; 10 - saw; 11 — M14x2 screw; 12 — roller; 13 — guide angle; 14 - stand; 15 — steering wheel; 16 — bushing; 17 — asterisk; 18 — nut M14x2; 19 — lock nut; 20 is an asterisk.

We install guides - any strong, flat metal: I-beam, channel, corner, under them, after 0.5 m, supports or anchors for stability. The distance between the guides is the diameter of the largest log with a margin of about 0.7 m. Maintaining the geometry, we weld everything together. We attach wheels, a belt mechanism frame, and an electric motor through a pulley to the cart.

Consider a mechanism for changing the horizontal movement of the saw relative to the log. Moving the cart relative to the fixed log, we cut off a horizontal layer of wood - we make boards.

Disc sawmills have received the greatest handicraft use due to their versatility and ease of manufacture. We will make a circular sawmill with our own hands. The most important thing is that we will need a circular saw - a disc larger than 500 mm (the larger the better). The propulsion device is usually an electric motor through a pulley that increases the speed.

1 — main sleeper (steel pipe 80x80x3, 5 pcs); 2 — lining (steel sheet, 40x10x1.22 pcs.); 3 — guide blade (steel channel No. 8, L1750, 4 pcs.); 4 - trolley (telpher carriage); 5 — bottom bracket (steel channel No. 18, 2 pcs); 6 - plate - base (stylish sheet s5); 7 — M20 bolt) (4 pcs.); 8 — Grover washer (4 pcs.); 9 — nut M20 (4 pcs.); 10 — three-phase asynchronous electric motor (220 V, 5 kW, 930 rpm); 11 — upper bracket (steel angle 45×45); 12 — circular saw blade; 13 — protective casing (steel sheet s2); 14 — steel pin (8 pcs.); 15 — circular saw hub (St5); 16 — thrust handle (water and gas pipe 3/4″); 17 — cut-off slab; 18 — thrust gusset (steel sheet s5); 19 — comb (steel angle 45×45, L400); 20 - log; 21 — M30 bolt; 22- split washer; 23 — retaining washer (steel sheet sЗ); 24 — thrust crossbar (steel angle 45×45); 25 — shortened sleeper (steel pipe 80x40x3, 6 pcs.); 26 — overlay for lengthening the blade (steel sheet 250x180x10, 2 pcs.).

A welded frame is prepared, a metal (less often wooden) plate with a slot for the disk is placed on the frame. The gaps between the disk and the plate are minimal. The saw shaft is attached to the plate from below on bearings and a pulley. The electric motor pulley and the saw are connected by belts (reinsurance when the saw jams) - a homemade circular sawmill can work!

one of the options for a homemade circular sawmill

To tension the belt, use the weight of the engine with the addition of weights. Make the supporting platform of the electric motor movable coaxially with the saw shaft, deflecting under weight in the opposite direction. The wheel of a working tractor with a drive to a saw pulley without belts is often used as a propulsion device.

The principles of cutting are the same as in band cutting - we feed the log to the cutting disc. After a disc cut, the surface of the lumber is of higher quality due to the speed of processing. Disc sawmills come in vertical and horizontal types - they are easier to use in mobile installations.

Tire sawmill

We need to start by understanding what and how much we will cut. If you need to cut 100 - 200 rafters for a house being built from free logs, then 400 boards, it is better to use a hand-held professional chainsaw. Let's make a homemade sawmill from a chainsaw, an inexpensive, simple and effective method.

drawing of a simple sawmill using a chainsaw (download full drawing)

You will need any smooth metal profile, welding and a grinder. We start with the maximum length of the log - practically about 4 m. For this length you need to find a channel or I-beam, you can weld it from pieces with reinforcement - the main thing is that the resulting profile is even. We are starting to make our autonomous sawmill based on a chainsaw.

The design is a powerful profile at a working height - above the waist, along which a fixed chainsaw moves in a cart.

The height is determined by ergonomics; a prolonged knee-elbow position is not useful. A log is placed parallel to the main profile on a support frame, a running chainsaw moves along the log and makes the necessary trimming.

A few more details about the features. The main element is the main profile, which ensures the geometrically correct dimensions of the lumber, must be sufficiently strong and rigid, if the channel is at least 200. The profile rests on 3 or more supports connected to the support frame on which the log rests.

If you decide to make a chain sawmill with your own hands, be sure to look at the LOGOSOL sawmills. Drawings and documentation can be downloaded from the website and used as the basis for your homemade product.

The main errors during sawing are formed when the trolley with the chainsaw oscillates, so the trolley moves along the profile using at least four rigidly pressed metal wheels; it is necessary to provide a manual drive. The simplest is a well crank with a drive wheel along the main profile.

To install a heavy log, slopes are usually installed along which it is convenient to push the log successively from side to side onto the support frame, wedging it on the frame.

The most difficult thing is the adjustment mechanism for the thickness of the product. The simplest method is to install screw or any rigidly fixed jacks along the edges of a support frame movable in a vertical plane. We adjust the jacks - we adjust the thickness of the product. An example of the construction of a mobile tire sawmill based on a chainsaw can be seen in the photo.

Cutting wood can be done by one person: holding the chainsaw handle and adjusting the gas, we feed with the other hand.

Conclusion

A few thoughts on the feasibility of making a sawmill. Tested by time and practice - self-production makes sense with free materials. If you calculate the labor costs and materials, and the possible benefits, you will understand for yourself. The worst thing about making it yourself is that few people pay attention to safety precautions. This moment definitely needs to be thought through! Trouble-free operation and high-quality wood.

Most residents of the suburban area are familiar with the need to use various woodworking equipment, which is often used for domestic purposes in the garden. The modern market for hand-held and stationary construction tools is replete with various models of wood processing devices, the most popular of which include the sawmill. Moreover, such equipment is divided into bus, disk, frame and belt type devices, depending on the method of sawing wood used.

What is a tire sawmill used for?

Man has been using wood of various species for a long time to make structures and objects used in everyday life. At the same time, people constantly tried to improve woodworking equipment with their own hands. Hand saw, which not so long ago was considered the only mechanism for sawing wood at home, is slowly but surely losing its position, giving way to machines running on electricity or liquid fuel, which greatly simplify human labor.

No construction is complete without significant financial costs associated with wood processing: sawing boards, constructing rafter structures or manufacturing furniture. Naturally, all these items can be purchased at any retail chain, but this is not always justified from a financial point of view. A person who is used to doing everything with his own hands will be able to assemble a tire sawmill- a machine with which you can make any gazebo, wooden shed or garage box, bathhouse or log house and many other wood structures.

The main purpose of a self-made sawmill with a tire design is high-quality sawing of logs in the longitudinal direction for the production of unedged and edged boards, slats, carriages and other lumber used in construction. Homemade tire sawmills were developed for the production of small batches of wooden construction blanks of non-standard sizes and processing of different types of wood.

The installation of sawing equipment for the busbar structure does not require much space, which allows it to be used on a small plot of land. Naturally, such a sawmill will not be able to fully replace the rounded machine or a cutter, but it is quite suitable for cutting timber and making boards yourself. Today, there are stationary equipment powered by electricity and sawmills, which can be moved using a gasoline engine, which is very convenient when harvesting lumber in the forest.

Designs and types of tire sawmills

Today, you can consider two types of tire sawmills that you can actually make with your own hands:

• with the movement of the working unit relative to the wood being processed;
• with a longitudinal method of feeding wooden blanks.

At the same time, it is impossible to single out any model that will be the best, since both types of sawing equipment have both advantages and disadvantages. Thus, when moving the working unit along a log, a person has the opportunity to control the efforts made, thereby ensuring uniform movement and sawing wood at high speeds.

When feeding the log towards the sawing mechanism, cutting control becomes much more difficult. It is enough to push the tree slightly harder and this will immediately lead to a sharp increase in the load on the bar and chain. This may cause the chain to jam or the motor to overheat. But in such a mechanism there are no additional wires that move behind the main unit. Naturally, the final choice of sawmill design for making it yourself depends on the individual preferences of each person.

But regardless of the chosen design, you need to worry about building a high-quality foundation that will reduce vibration. Most often, metal channels or rails are used for the base of a homemade tire-type sawmill. The lower part of the frame is equipped with wheels to ensure free movement of the sawmill or the processed wooden workpiece.

Making a sawmill with your own hands

Before moving on to the assembly process, you need to worry about the availability materials and tools from the following list:

To make a tire sawmill with your own hands, spare parts from a standard chainsaw are used. The working part consists of tires, electric motor and clutch system, which are placed in a separate housing.

Stages of assembling the sawing mechanism

Having assembled a tire-type sawmill on your own, a person will receive an indispensable assistant for solving everyday problems. At the same time, for its self-assembly there is a certain sequence of events.

When doing DIY work, you need to pay close attention pay attention to engine mounting, which will vibrate strongly during operation. Therefore, care must be taken to ensure that the frame for it has sufficient rigidity.

Installation of the structure on the base

After assembling the working unit, you need it fasten to a metal frame, the manufacture of which with your own hands consists of simple steps.

1. Two blanks are welded from durable steel tubes, shaped like the letter “P”. The upper parts of the resulting blanks are fixed to each other by electric welding or bolts.
2. Four pipes placed vertically are welded in the center of the frame. On each element, several small recesses are made on the outer side at a distance of 20 mm relative to each other to a depth of up to half the diameter of the tube.
3. Four tubes are also welded onto the working unit, the internal cross-section of which must correspond to the outer diameter of the pipes located on the base. The elements must be placed in such a way that the pipes on the working unit fit onto the tubes of the supporting base.

This design is necessary to ensure free movement of the sawing unit in a vertical position. Fixing the worker node in the required vertical position is ensured using bolts.

Stationary design of the bus sawmill

Sometimes a homemade sawing device is placed on a concrete base. Thanks to this, it is possible to ensure constant horizontality, but at the same time significantly slow down the process of sawing logs. To increase the convenience and efficiency of the tire sawmill, you can additionally install an intermediate transmission mechanism – a clutch – with your own hands.

This will require between the drive gear and the electric motor. install belt type transmission. Pulleys are mounted on the gear and shaft of the electric motor, onto which the belts will be tensioned. Special rollers are used to press the belt product. To make the work easier, you can borrow a ready-made design from a walk-behind tractor.

Having become familiar with the design and operating principle of a tire sawmill, anyone can assemble such a woodworking machine with their own hands. Such a sawing device qualitatively dissolves logs into boards of any thickness with fairly high accuracy. If a person plans to start harvesting lumber or simply has a large amount of construction work related to wood, then independent production of sawing machine tire type will save a lot of time, effort and money when processing logs, boards and other wooden products.

The chain sawmill is an indispensable tool for any builder. Not a single serious repair can be done without it. This tool is especially relevant for those who live in the private sector and often face construction and repair problems.

What is a chain sawmill?

The principle of operation of a chain sawmill is to a certain extent reminiscent of a band saw: the log being cut is firmly fixed, while the cutting is carried out by the saw. The saw is attached to a moving carriage. The only difference between chain and band sawmills is that in this option only a chain saw is used, not a band saw.

The main disadvantage of a chain sawmill is its lower productivity and efficiency compared to band machines. Despite such disadvantages, people use such machines precisely because of their high cost and convenience, but real craftsmen create chain sawmills with their own hands. Some people want to save money, while others simply want to make a machine that fully satisfies all the individual wishes of the master.

DIY chain sawmill

What do you need to create a chain sawmill with your own hands? First, you should look at the drawings of a chain sawmill on the Internet. The drawings vary, but any such sawmill consists of a chainsaw, a steel frame and rail guides.

In order to create a chain sawmill, you need to firmly attach a metal frame to the saw bar. The gap between the chain and the frame will be equal to the thickness of the resulting lumber. For this reason, you need to decide in advance what kind of lumber you need. By the way, if you make the distance between the chain and the frame larger, you can create not only boards, but also beams.

An excellent frame will be made from two steel channels, 8 meters long and 0.14 meters high. In addition, you can use rails or metal corners. You need blanks of a perfectly straight shape. Along the entire length of the channels you need to make holes with a diameter of 14-16 millimeters at a distance of up to 1.5 meters.

According to the number of these holes, you need to make special ties from sections of water pipe. All parts are attached using threaded rods or bolts.

After this, you need to assemble all the components of the chain sawmill into a single device and install it on racks. The number of racks depends on the dimensions of the frame. The very last posts should be no more than 1 meter from the end of the rails.

To give greater rigidity, you need to fix the braces.

After this, the movable trolley is mounted. It can be created from a steel plate with a thickness of 4 to 6 millimeters and a length of approximately 0.6 meters. The size of the trolley depends on the dimensions of the electric motor.

Next, you can begin selecting gaskets and clamping plates for the trolley. The elements must ensure free movement of the mechanism. At the same time, the gap should be minimal. The gaskets should be tightened using bolts.

It is imperative to eliminate the transverse play by installing a thrust angle to the base of the trolley. The trolley can be placed on bearings or rollers. Please note that you should use new bearings; used ones are definitely not suitable.

The chain needs to be tensioned as much as possible. The steering wheel is mounted on one of the side sprocket bushings located along the perimeter of the guides.

In order to create a fixing device for a log, you need to take pipes with a diameter of 3 - 4 centimeters, insert movable rods into them, which fit into the stopper at the required height with an M8 screw.

Pressing parts, the length of which is at least 1.5 cm, as well as cam clamps, are attached to the rods on top.

After this, you can install an electric motor and a saw, the diameter of which is 1 meter. Choosing a chainsaw for a home sawmill is also not an unimportant process. The chainsaw must have high power and high efficiency indicators. In addition, its chain must be well sharpened. Making a chain sawmill with your own hands is not difficult. But remember that in addition to creating the device, it is important to guarantee safe operation.

This is how “home” chain sawmills are created. A video of the manufacturing process of such a sawmill is presented below.

Safety at work

Having high productivity, sawmills are sources of increased industrial injuries. Many people have heard horror stories about “he turned his head away, but his finger was no longer on his hand.” There are many similar stories and they are all real.

The most reliable method of reducing the number of injuries and accidents when using such equipment is scrupulous compliance with all safety regulations. Before starting work, you need to familiarize yourself in detail with the operating principles and operating instructions of such a device, as well as with the fire safety rules.

The highest level of safety is achieved when the sawmill is equipped with a reverse feed system due to its design.

Chain sawmills, video

Although the prevalence of timber creates a large supply of lumber, it is not always available. The cost is especially high for large volumes. Buying a sawing machine will not pay for itself for small production or household needs. That’s why homemade mini-sawmills are becoming widespread. The simplest and most commonly used type of them were band sawing stations.

Principle of operation

Band sawmill cutting mechanism

The design consists of two rotating elements, between which a saw is stretched. As the coils rotate, reciprocating movements of the cutting element are created. Thanks to this, the cutting occurs. The sawmill operates in a horizontal plane.

The cutting element is mounted on a mobile trolley. Moving along the rails, it travels a distance equal to the length of the element being processed. The log is fixed to the frame motionless. To do this, you need to make clamps attached to the frame.

The maximum processing length depends on the length of the rails along which the cart moves. The maximum width depends on the distance between the saw tension elements. All distances are indicated on the drawing.

For quality work:

• the log must be fixed;
• the gradation, accuracy and evenness of the cut are adjusted;
• the saw blade must have the necessary tension;
• the saw must be sharpened and with set teeth.

The sawing process takes place in three stages.

1. The timber is pre-sorted by length and diameter dimensions. The dimensions are manually adjusted to the parameters of the sawmill.
2. Sawing process. Before making the first cut, the operator checks the equipment and adjusts the cutting parameters.
3. Subsequent manual revision. A homemade tool does not provide accuracy and evenness. Therefore, the necessary parameters need to be made with a grinder or plane.

Materials and tools for installation

Main parts of a band sawmill

A band sawmill is created with your own hands from new or used materials:

• pulleys are approximately Ø 30 cm. Spare parts from the Niva combine are perfect;
• a half-inch pipe and a second one, larger in diameter. The second product must be chosen so that it fits over the first with a slight play;
• steel 50th angle. It is better to place it vertically with its edge. When installing with the shelf up, increased accuracy of roller adjustment is required. Otherwise, the wear of the wheels is very high;
• sleepers are formed from a profile metal pipe. A section of 25*25 mm is sufficient;
• a movable mechanism in the form of a piece of an inch pipe and fittings fixed to it is attached to the rails. It is designed to fix the workpiece.

The following tools are needed for assembly:

• drill;
• welding installation;
• lathe;
• grinder with metal circles, a stripping brush and a wood circle;
• hammer;
• building level;
• roulette;
• fastening accessories and wrenches.

Drawing and main components of the sawmill

Power saw based sawmill

Before manufacturing, it is necessary to calculate the needs of materials. To do this, draw a drawing of a sawmill with your own hands. It can be done by hand, but it is better to use drawing complexes. Graphics programs such as Compass and SolidWorks will help you create 2D and 3D, calculate static and dynamic loads.

To begin with, you can make a simple device with manual feed. Having understood the principle of operation, you can increase power, add electronics and sensors.

The assembly of the sawmill is based on the frame principle. For significant loads, the frame should be made with braces. The main components of the product include:

• directly frame;
• guides for the movement of the saw unit;
• screw assembly for moving the tape;
• spring saw tension mechanism;
• two pulleys - movable and stationary;
• protective casing;
• transfer unit;
• engine (electric or gasoline);
• tank with cooling liquid;
• workpiece clamps;
• stoppers.

An electric or chainsaw is often used as a cutting element. This is useful for small amounts of work. This design will save time assembling the sawmill. The drawings for its manufacture are much simpler.

DIY making

Control unit on a homemade sawmill

First of all, the rails are assembled. It is better to immediately make them 8 m long. To avoid deformation of the base under load, you need to make couplers from a ¾ pipe. Bolts with a length of 29 to 34 cm are used for fastening. This must be indicated on the drawings. The racks are assembled with M12 bolts.

The massiveness of the structure requires permanent installation. Therefore, a concrete foundation is provided at the assembly site or bars are placed under the racks.

The movable trolley is represented by a 46 mm monolithic steel plate. The dimensions of the slab are 60 cm in length and 80 mm wider in width than the rail track. This must be indicated on the drawing.

Pulleys are mounted on the movable carriage. One is attached movably, the other is not.

It is better to place the pulleys not parallel, as in many production drawings, but at an angle of 4° relative to each other vertically. In this case, the tape will not fly off during the cutting process.

For ease of operation, you can make a steering wheel. The movement from the steering wheel is transmitted through a metal chain. In some models, a control unit is made.

Then the clamps for the log are installed. At the end, to avoid damage, an electric motor and a saw are installed.

The saw can be factory-made or made of cold-rolled steel 65G or U8, 10. The thickness of the cut is selected based on the type of wood.

DIY band sawmill

Wood is widely used in everyday life in the production of various structures, their finishing and other work. Owners of private plots are constantly carrying out construction work: building an extension, updating the fence, increasing the reliability of structures, and so on. The ease of workability, as well as the availability of wood, initially determined their popularity. Many owners of private houses and plots have determined in their own practice that purchasing logs and getting boards, beams, and edges from them is much cheaper than buying ready-made lumber. Also, do not forget that sometimes the length and thickness, width of the boards or timber used are important. Therefore, making them yourself can significantly reduce money and time costs.

A band saw is often used to obtain lumber from a log or other piece of wood. The popularity of this equipment has determined the emergence of a huge number of different machines, some of them compact and designed for installation in a home workshop. However, the cost of household options is quite high; it is advisable to buy them only in the case of continuous production of lumber or other wood products. This is why many people decide to make a homemade design. A band sawmill can be created with your own hands within a short period of time, for which you should know: what parts are needed for this, how the assembly is carried out.

Homemade band saw

Cost and efficiency of industrial options

Why is there a great desire to create a homemade version of the machine? An example is the Taiga band sawmill, the cost of which, depending on its performance, can vary between 112-165 thousand rubles. Even the simplest version, which does not have great performance, will cost at least 90 thousand rubles. A homemade band sawmill will cost several times less. A self-made machine is suitable for occasional use.

Difficulties in making a machine yourself

The structure of a band sawmill is quite complex. The performance of the band sawmill, service life without breakdowns, and much more depend on the quality of the assembly. You should start making your own machine after considering the following points:

1. Installation work is carried out using welding. Therefore, it is practically impossible to carry out work on creating a frame and other elements without a welding machine. To change the shape and size of structural elements you will need a power tool and a milling machine. Of course, the creation of some elements can be entrusted to professionals, but this will significantly increase the cost of the work.
2. During operation, a large load is placed on the band sawmill. Therefore, the structure must be stable and durable. To do this, the structure is attached to the base, and the frame and other elements are produced taking into account the possible weight of the processed logs, about 300 kilograms.
3. If you are creating a homemade gasoline band sawmill, then you should take into account the need to carry out work on sharpening the saw and routing the working part.
4. There are quite a few different designs that allow you to specify the thickness of the resulting product.
5. It is necessary to consider the safety of using the equipment. The installed saw and tape can cause significant harm to human health.

It is worth considering that the design of homemade band saws is only suitable for cutting boards of various lengths and widths.

There are quite a large number of options for making homemade band saws, the drawings of which are based on the use of electric and gasoline engines. At the same time, electric versions are very popular due to better performance and ease of use. But not in all cases it is possible to use an electric motor as a driving force, since electricity is not available on all land plots.

Conduct a review of specific machines, the drawings of which have exact dimensions. After all, each production requires a table of different sizes, as well as an electric motor of different power.

Scheme of a homemade band sawmill

The procedure for making a homemade band sawmill

1. It is important to choose the right location for installing the equipment. If an electric motor is used as a driving element, it is recommended to eliminate the possibility of increased environmental humidity to prevent a short circuit. For ease of processing logs, the area of ​​the workshop or shed should be at least 18 square meters.
2. The work of a band sawmill involves manual feeding of logs, the weight of which is quite large. That is why work on creating the structure in question begins with the manufacture of the frame. It must be stable and have an elongated shape. One part of the machine is designed to accommodate the main structural elements, the second for feeding the workpiece. The elongated part, where the log is located before processing, has rails that help move the workpiece. During production, a profile with a cross-sectional area of ​​at least 5 centimeters is used. Particular attention is paid to the evenness and horizontal guides.
3. The homemade product cuts the workpiece in a horizontal plane. That is why you should consider how the height of the saw will change. Various mechanisms can be used.
4. In our case, an electric motor is used to transmit rotation to the main structural elements. When choosing an electric motor, it is taken into account what voltage it should be powered from (220 or 380 Volts), what power is needed, as well as the placement of the main fastening elements. It is recommended to choose a motor that is powered by a 220 Volt network and has a power of at least 2 kW. The power of the electric motor determines how productive the created machine will be. If you choose the wrong electric motor, it will overheat during operation.

3d model of band sawmill

The above points indicate the main points for the production of a homemade sawmill. You can make a band sawmill yourself at minimal cost. After all, you only need to buy or find an engine, pulleys and rollers, find a metal profile for the frame and a blade for sawing. The reliability of the design depends on the technical condition of all components and the quality of their connections. Therefore, before using the sawmill, you should check it carefully.

You may also be interested in the following articles:

Do-it-yourself circular sawmill How to make a sawmill with your own hands Homemade sawmill from a chainsaw How to make a jointer with your own hands

Homemade sawmill with your own hands

When there is a need to process a large volume of boards and wood, the best option is to use a sawmill created by yourself. Many are sure that it is worth buying a ready-made device, but making it yourself is not at all difficult. in this article we will talk about how to make a homemade sawmill. Photos of drawings are available in large quantities on the Internet.

How to make a homemade sawmill

Before you begin this process, you need to decide on the amount of work to be done, as well as the wood. After this, you need to look for drawings of a homemade sawmill on the Internet and decide on the type of device to successfully achieve your goal. When assembling a device with your own hands, the main attention should be paid to safety issues, since such a device is subject to increased risk.

A homemade sawmill resembles the rotation of two reels with a thread stretched between them. This thread is the saw, and the distance from one spool to the other is the optimal size of the log. A homemade sawmill, the creation video of which is presented below, makes it possible to:

• adjust logs to one shape and size
• carry out cutting of the workpiece according to a specific pattern after precise adjustments of the equipment.

However, cutting often results in minor flaws that cannot be eliminated. For this reason, the wood must be additionally processed manually.

A homemade sawmill works like this:

• the workpiece is firmly fixed to the platform and does not move
• the movement of the mobile cart ensures cutting of wood
• the saw is positioned horizontally
• to obtain a specific size of boards, you must initially set the appropriate parameters
• The saw blade is a saw, so it must be properly tensioned.

Homemade sawmill, video

Place for a homemade sawmill

Since a homemade sawmill is a large-sized and quite dangerous device, before making homemade sawmills with your own hands (you can watch a video of their creation on our website), you need to think carefully and decide in which place you will use such a device.

A barn or garage, as well as any utility room with a concrete base, are best suited for this purpose. The sawmill room must have a good ventilation system. It should not be cramped and well lit.

It is fashionable to place the sawmill on the street, but it is necessary to build a canopy for it. If you are planning to create a sawmill with an electric motor, then you need to pay special attention to the installation of wiring and all switches and machines.

When assembling the unit with your own hands, pay special attention to its cutting and moving parts. They are the most dangerous parts.

When working with four roller sawmill frames, it is necessary to cut logs no shorter than 3 meters. If there is a need to process shorter workpieces, the sawmill must be equipped with additional mechanisms. To work with workpieces less than 1.5 m, you need to use special eight-roller frames. Additional safety is guaranteed by the brake of the sawmill, which allows it to be braked without recoil.

Upon completion of assembly and before use, you must carefully check all fasteners and components, as well as the stability of the entire structure. Only after this can you start the device.

How to make the right choice

When choosing the most ideal option for a woodworking machine, you need to pay attention to the most basic advantage of band saws in comparison with multi-rip circular saws; this advantage is the low cutting height.

The cut size of a circular sawmill often ranges from 5-6.2 mm. The tire sawmill makes an even larger cut. For example, you can look at the cutting map of a thin log with a cross-section of 180 mm and a material with a cross-section of 124x35, it turns out that the total cutting area will be 4377 mm2. But if the log is 90x90, then 17.2% of the wood will become sawdust. If you process 900 m3 or more every month, then such wood loss will not be noticeable, because the volumes processed compensate for the loss. But if production volumes are not large, then it is necessary to use technologies that are characterized by low productivity, but make it possible to saw workpieces with minimal losses. Therefore, for small production volumes it is better to use band sawmills, but not tire sawmills.

When using a band saw, the cut size will be from 2.2 to 2.5 mm. When preparing a piece with a cross-section of 180 mm for the production of lumber with a cross-section of 124x35, the cutting area is 1765 mm2. In this case, only 6.9% of the wood will turn into sawdust.

Tire devices that produce a wide cut are used, most often, by private owners or small farms to process minimal volumes of raw materials, for which the yield of lumber is not important.

We present to your attention a very cool video compilation of homemade products for a walk-behind tractor:
1. Do-it-yourself potato planter for a walk-behind tractor
2. Homemade cultivators for walk-behind tractors
3. Homemade flat cutters for walk-behind tractors
4. Homemade hiller for walk-behind tractor
5. Homemade mowers for walk-behind tractors
6. Homemade lugs for walk-behind tractors
7. Homemade potato digger for walk-behind tractor
8. Homemade wood splitter for walk-behind tractor
9. Homemade snow blower for walk-behind tractor
10. Homemade seeder for walk-behind tractor
11. Homemade trailer for a walk-behind tractor

How to convert your own screwdriver from Ni-Ca to lithium-ion batteries or to a screwdriver running on 220 V mains. Detailed description and cool video selection of the best videos on the topic. Bring your screwdriver to life now!

Homemade products from a washing machine engine:

1. How to connect a motor from an old washing machine through or without a capacitor
2. Homemade emery from a washing machine motor
3. Homemade generator from a washing machine engine
4. Connecting and adjusting the speed of the commutator motor from an automatic washing machine
5. Potter's wheel from a washing machine
6. Lathe from an automatic washing machine
7. Wood splitter with a washing machine engine
8. Homemade concrete mixer

EuroSamodelki.ru- this is a huge number of homemade products, which are accompanied by detailed illustrated instructions for self-production. There are already more than 2100 homemade products in our catalog. Join us, join our social group on VKontakte. We are waiting for you! Do something useful for yourself, for your home, for your loved ones.

Make homemade things with your own hands like us, do better than us!

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DIY band sawmill drawings

Dear site visitors " Homemade friend " From the presented material you will learn how to make your own band sawmill. Every craftsman dreams of having his own sawmill on his farm, because its presence will reduce the cost of lumber tenfold. Using this machine, you can cut the logs into boards and bars yourself, it’s also an excellent option and for those who are building. that is, the boards can be produced directly at the construction site of the future house. It is also possible to open your own private sawmill and cut boards for money and replenish the family treasury with additional income. In general, the machine is very good from all sides, and its independent assembly will again cost much less than a factory analogue, because many spare parts can be used used and those available from the car enthusiast, for example. wheels from a car, hubs, bearings, bolts, etc. that you can get in the garage)

The design of a band sawmill consists of 1. a rail track 2. a frame with a power unit 3. a blade 4 adjustment and tension mechanisms 5. a carriage 6. a flat surface (preferably a foundation slab)

And so, let's take a look at the list of necessary components for assembling the machine. We will also analyze the whole process step by step.

Materials

1. corner 100x100, channel, narrow-gauge rail (for the manufacture of rail beds)
2. car wheels
3. hubs
4. bearings
5. square corrugated pipe
6. threaded stud
7. jack
8. drip
9. power unit (gasoline or electric motor)
10. fittings
11. bolts, nuts, washers, engravers
12. sheet metal 1 mm
13. belt

1. welding machine
2. drill
3. emery
4. Bulgarian
5. hammer
6. roulette
7. set of wrenches
8. Laser level)
9. ruler
10. corner

And so, the first thing you should do is get acquainted with the drawings, because any business begins with markings, as they say, “Measure twice, cut once.





So we got acquainted with the drawings, and now I would also like to note that homemade sawmills come in several types

1 Band sawmill with electric motor.
2. Band sawmill with gasoline engine.
3 Tire sawmill. The operating principle of a band saw for sawing wood. The blade is tensioned on 2 horizontally located pulleys, in this case these are ordinary car wheels with a tire and a tube. The undeniable advantage of this design is that the saw can be tensioned by inflating the tires. The limiter and support rollers are located directly at the bottom.
Well, I hope the principle of operation is clear, then you should take care of placing a rail track along which a carriage with a saw blade will walk and cut the logs into boards. The area must be at least 3 x 6 m in size, and most importantly, level! Therefore, it is necessary to pour a foundation slab under the sawmill and level it to a perfectly flat surface. A recess is dug, a sand cushion is laid and a reinforced concrete slab is poured.
Next comes the installation of the rail track itself; at best, it can be made from rails from a narrow-gauge railway, but it is difficult to obtain, so you will have to make it from a channel or corner. Note. In the photo the corner is positioned edge up.
You can connect the corners to each other by welding, but when the metal heats up, it can lead, and we need a perfectly flat road. You can also attach the rail directly to the concrete base using anchor bolts.
Support rollers can be made from ordinary bearings, or ordered from a familiar turner.
After this, the saw frame itself is manufactured, using pipes of different diameters that can be inserted into one another. due to which the slider can rise up and down.
The frame is welded from a square-section corrugated pipe.
Support rollers are installed at the bottom. they must match the width of the rail track.
Next, the lifting mechanism is manufactured.



Then the pulleys and hubs are installed.

Connection to the power unit.
The saw blade is leveled and supported by bearings.

A protective metal casing must be installed on top. Safety precautions are paramount here, because the canvas can fly out.
The tension mechanism can be made from a small jack.
After the sawmill is fully assembled, a test run is carried out; if everything is in order, the engine is turned off and the log is laid and secured.

The log unfolds into planks. You can also watch the work of the sawmill visually on video.