Current for a year sp 5.13130. Fire protection systems. Fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations are automatic. Design norms and rules. Proposals for developing fire alarm requirements

We present to your attention answers to questions on GOST R 53325-2009 and the Code of Practice (SP 5.13130.2009), given by specialists from the Federal State Institution VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia Vladimir Leonidovich Zdor, Deputy Head of the Research Center for Fire and Rescue Equipment, and Andrey Arkadyevich Kosachev, Deputy Head of the Research Center for Fire Prevention and Fire Emergency Prevention.

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

GOST R 53325-2009

clause 4.2.5.5. “...If it is possible to externally switch the technical characteristics of fire detectors, the following requirements must be met:

Question: If a non-addressable smoke detector has 3 sensitivity levels, programmable from an external remote control, in what form should this be reflected on the detector labeling?

Answer: The marking of the detector, if it is possible to adjust its sensitivity, is applied at the location of the adjustment element. If the detector is adjusted from an external console, then information about the set value must be retrieved either from the control panel or from service equipment (the same external console).

clause 4.9.1.5. “...IPDL components (receiver and transmitter of two-component IPDL and transceiver of single-component IPDL) must have adjustment devices that allow changing the angle of inclination of the optical beam axis and the directivity aperture of IPDL in the vertical and horizontal planes.”

Question: Most likely, you meant “IPDL radiation pattern”?

Answer: There is definitely a typo in the text. Should read "beam pattern".

clause 4.9.3. “Methods for certification testing of optical-electronic linear fire smoke detectors.” 4.9.3.1. “...Determination of the IPDL response threshold and interruption of the IPDL optical beam is carried out as follows. Using a set of optical attenuators installed as close as possible to the receiver to minimize the effects of scattering in the attenuators, the threshold of the detector is determined by successively increasing the attenuation of the optical beam. If, after installing the attenuator, the IPDL generates a “Fire” signal within a time of no more than 10 s, then the value of the detector response threshold is recorded. The response threshold value of each detector is determined once.
IPDL is transferred to standby mode. An opaque partition blocks the optical beam for a period of time (1.0 ± 0.1 s). Monitor the maintenance of the standby IPDL. Then the optical beam is blocked with an opaque partition for a period of 2.0 to 2.5 s. Monitor the issuance of the “Fault” signal by the IPDL.
The IPDL is considered to have passed the test if the measured response thresholds meet the requirements specified in 4.9.1.1, the ratio of the maximum and minimum response threshold does not exceed 1.6, the IPDL maintains standby mode when the optical beam is blocked for a time of (1.0 ± 0.1) s and issued a “Fault” notification when the optical beam was blocked for a time of (2.0 ± 0.1) s.”

Question: Why does clause 4.9.1.10 of this document indicate the requirement “more than 2 s”, but here the range is (2.0 ± 0.1) s?

Answer: An error was made during the layout of the document. The time value specified in paragraph 3 of the paragraph ((2.0 ± 0.1) s) should be read as in paragraph 2 ((2.0 ± 2.5) s).

clause 4.10.1.2. “...According to sensitivity, aspiration detectors should be divided into three classes:

Question: Is it correct to understand that this paragraph refers to the sensitivity of the detector processing unit itself, and not the sensitivity of the hole?

Answer: The sensitivity of an aspiration detector cannot be considered separately: the sensitivity of the hole and the sensitivity of the processing unit, since this detector is a single technical means. Please note that smoky air may enter the processing unit from more than one opening.

clause 6.2.5.2. “...Fire alarms should not have external volume controls.”

Question: What were the reasons for this requirement?

Answer: The volume level created by voice alarms is regulated by the requirements of clause 6.2.1.9. The presence of a volume control accessible to unauthorized access negates the fulfillment of the requirement of this paragraph.

clause 7.1.14. “...PPKP interacting with fire detectors via a radio communication line must ensure the reception and processing of the transmitted value of the controlled fire factor, analysis of the dynamics of change in this factor and making a decision on the occurrence of a fire or a malfunction of the detector.”

Question: Does this requirement mean that all RF fire detectors must be analogue?

Answer: The requirement applies to the control panel, and not to the detectors.

SP 5.13130.20099

clause 13.2. “Requirements for the organization of fire alarm control zones.”

clause 13.2.1.“...With one fire alarm loop with fire detectors (one pipe for air sampling in the case of using an aspiration detector), which do not have an address, it is allowed to equip a control zone, including:

Question: Maximum number of rooms controlled by one aspirating detector pipe?

Answer: One aspiration detector can protect the same number of premises located in accordance with clause 13.2.1 as one addressless wired alarm loop with fire point detectors, taking into account the area protected by one aspiration detector.

clause 13.9.4. “...When installing pipes of aspirating smoke fire detectors in rooms less than 3 m wide, or under a raised floor, or above a false ceiling and in other spaces with a height of less than 1.7 m, the distances between the air intake pipes and the wall indicated in Table 13.6 may be increased by 1. 5 times."

Question: Does this clause also allow for an increase in the distance of 1.5 times between the air intake openings in the pipes?

Answer: The location of the air intake openings, as well as their size, in an aspiration detector is determined by the technical characteristics of these detectors, taking into account the aerodynamics of the air flow in the pipes and near the air intake openings. As a rule, information about this is calculated using a mathematical apparatus developed by the manufacturer of the aspiration detector.

GOST R 53325-2009 and SP 5.13130.2009: contradictions

1. Resistance of technical equipment to electromagnetic interference.

To eliminate equipment failures, including false alarms of fire protection systems, in terms of electromagnetic compatibility, our country has a fairly serious regulatory framework. On the other hand, in the Code of Rules SP 5.13130.2009, its developers remained in their old positions: clause 13.14.2. “... Fire alarm control devices, fire control devices and other equipment operating in fire automatics installations and systems must be resistant to electromagnetic interference with a degree of severity not lower than the second according to GOST R 53325.”

Question: Are detectors included in the above “other equipment”?

(In all European countries, the EN 50130-4-95 standard is in force. This standard establishes electromagnetic compatibility requirements for absolutely all security systems (OPS, ACS, SOT, SOUE, ISO), including fire alarms and automation).

Question: The lower limit of compliance with the requirements of this standard of technical safety equipment is our Russian 3rd degree of severity?

Answer: In the National Standard GOST R 51699-2000 “Electromagnetic compatibility of technical equipment. Resistance to electromagnetic interference of technical security alarm systems. Requirements and test methods" harmonization was carried out with the above EN 50130-4-95, which once again proves the inexpediency of using technical means with the 2nd degree of severity as the main sources of failures in systems in modern conditions of the electromagnetic environment.

Question: In accordance with what recommendations can and should be chosen the required degree of rigidity in order to meet the requirements of clause 17.3 SP5.13130.2009 “Fire automatic equipment must have parameters and designs that ensure safe and normal functioning under the influence of the environment where they are located”?

Answer: Resistance of technical equipment (TE) to electromagnetic interference (EMI).

To increase the protection of a vehicle from EMF, it is necessary to complicate both the electrical circuit diagram and the design of the vehicle, which leads to their increase in cost. There are objects where the level of EMF is very low. The use of vehicles with a high degree of protection against EMF at such facilities becomes economically unprofitable. When a designer selects a vehicle for a specific facility, the degree of EMC rigidity of the vehicle must be selected taking into account the magnitude of the EMF at the facility using generally accepted methods.

2. Fire tests of fire detectors.

Questions:

a) Why, when transferring the requirements of GOST R 50898 “Fire detectors. Fire tests" in Appendix N GOST R 53325 "Fire fighting equipment. Fire automatic equipment. General technical requirements. Test methods”, were the graphs of the dependence of optical density on the concentration of combustion products and the optical density of the medium on time (Fig. L1-L.12) for test fires removed from the procedure for conducting fire tests? Will the lack of control over the progress of test fires allow accredited testing laboratories to carry out measurements incorrectly, which could discredit the tests themselves?

b) Why did the order of placing the detectors being tested disappear from the procedure for conducting fire tests?

c) In clause 13.1.1 of the Code of Rules of the joint venture

5.13130.2009 stipulates that: “...It is recommended to select the type of point smoke fire detector in accordance with its sensitivity to various types of smoke.” At the same time, in order to conduct fire tests in Appendix N of GOST R 53325, the classification of detectors according to sensitivity to test fires is removed. Is this justified? There was a good selection method.

Answer: The introduction of simplification in the process of conducting fire tests in comparison with the provisions of GOST R 50898 was made in order to reduce their cost. As practice has shown, the test results in accordance with Appendix N of GOST R 53325 and GOST R 50898 have minor discrepancies and do not have a significant impact on the content of the test conclusions.

3. Fire detectors, installation rules.

SP 5.13130.2009 Appendix P contains a table with distances from the top point of the ceiling to the detector measuring element at various angles of inclination of the ceiling and room height. A link to Appendix P is given in clause 13.3.4: “Point fire detectors should be installed under the ceiling. If it is not possible to install detectors directly on the ceiling, they can be installed on cables, as well as on walls, columns and other load-bearing building structures. When installing point detectors on walls, they should be placed at a distance of at least 0.5 m from the corner and at a distance from the ceiling in accordance with Appendix P. The distance from the top point of the ceiling to the detector at the place of its installation and depending on the height of the room and the shape of the ceiling can be determined in accordance with Appendix P or at other heights, if the detection time is sufficient to perform fire protection tasks in accordance with GOST 12.1.004, which must be confirmed by calculation ... ".

Questions:

Answer: Point fire detectors should include point heat, smoke and gas fire detectors.

b) What distances from the ceiling to the detector measuring element are recommended when installing detectors near the ridge and near the inclined ceiling in the middle part of the room? In what case is it recommended to adhere to the minimum distances, and in what cases to the maximum - according to Appendix P?

Answer: In places where the convective flow “flows”, for example under the “ridge”, the distance from the ceiling is chosen to be large according to Appendix P.

c) At angles of inclination of the ceiling up to 15 arc. degrees, and therefore for horizontal ceilings, the minimum distances from the ceiling to the detector measuring element, recommended in Appendix P, range from 30 to 150 mm, depending on the height of the room. In this regard, is it recommended to install detectors directly on the ceiling using brackets to ensure the recommendations given in Appendix P?

d) Which document provides the methodology for calculating the implementation of fire protection tasks, in accordance with GOST 12.1.004, when installing detectors at other heights than those recommended in Appendix P?

e) How should deviations from the requirements of clause 13.5.1 SP5 in terms of the height of the IDPL installation be confirmed, and where is there a methodology for carrying out the calculations specified in the note?

Answer (d, d): The method for determining the time of occurrence of limit values of fire hazards dangerous to a person at the level of his head is given in Appendix 2 of GOST 12.1.004.
The time of fire detection by fire detectors is carried out according to the same method, taking into account the height of their location and the values of dangerous fire factors at which the detectors are triggered.

f) Upon detailed consideration of the requirements of clause 13.3.8 SP5, there are obvious contradictions in the contents of tables 13.1 and 13.2. Thus, if there are linear beams on the ceiling with a room height of up to 3 m, the distance between detectors should not exceed 2.3 m. The presence of a cellular structure of ceiling beams at the same room height requires large distances between detectors, although conditions for localizing smoke between beams require in this case, are there the same or more stringent requirements for distances between PIs?

Answer: If the size of the floor area formed by the beams is less than the protection area provided by one fire detector, table 13.1 should be used.
In this case, the distance between the detectors located across the beams decreases due to poor spreading of the convective flow under the ceiling.
In the presence of a cellular structure, spreading occurs better, due to the fact that small cells are filled with warm air faster than large compartments with a linear arrangement of beams. Therefore, detectors are installed less frequently.

SP 5.13130.2009. The requirements for installing point smoke and heat detectors refer to clause 13.3.7:

clause 13.4.1. “...The area controlled by one point smoke fire detector, as well as the maximum distance between the detectors, the detector and the wall, except for the cases specified in 13.3.7, must be determined according to table 13.3, but not exceeding the values specified in the technical specifications and passports for detectors of specific types.

clause 13.6.1. The area controlled by one point thermal fire detector, as well as the maximum distance between the detectors, the detector and the wall, with the exception of the cases specified in clause 13.3.7, must be determined according to table 13.5, but not exceeding the values specified in the technical specifications and passports detectors."

However, clause 13.3.7 does not cover any cases:
clause 13.3.7. The distances between detectors, as well as between the wall and detectors, given in tables 13.3 and 13.5, can be changed within the area given in tables 13.3 and 13.5.

Question: Does it follow from this that when arranging detectors, only the average area protected by a fire detector can be taken into account, without observing the maximum permissible distances between detectors and from the detector to the wall?

Answer: When placing point fire detectors, you can take into account the area protected by one detector, taking into account the nature of the spreading of the convective flow under the ceiling.

clause 13.3.10“...When installing point smoke fire detectors in rooms less than 3 m wide or under a false floor or above a false ceiling and in other spaces less than 1.7 m high, the distances between detectors specified in Table 13.3 may be increased by 1.5 times.”

Questions:

a) Why is it said that it is only permissible to increase the distance between detectors, but does not say about the possibility of increasing the distance from the detector to the wall?

Answer: Since, due to the restriction of the spread of convective flow by wall and ceiling structures, the flow is directed along a limited space, increasing the distance between point detectors is carried out only along a narrow space.

b) How does the requirement of clause 13.3.10 relate to the content of clause 13.3.7, where in all cases it is allowed to provide only the average area protected by a fire detector, without observing the maximum permissible distances between detectors and from the detector to the wall?

Answer: For narrow spaces of no more than 3 m in size, spreading of smoke is still difficult.

Since clause 13.3.7 speaks of a possible change in distances within the protection area provided by one detector, clause 13.3.10, in addition to clause 13.3.7, speaks of the permissibility of increasing the distance by only 1.5 times for such zones .

clause 13.3.3.“...In the protected room or designated parts of the room, it is allowed to install one automatic fire detector if the following conditions are simultaneously met:

...c) identification of a faulty detector is ensured using a light indication and the possibility of replacing it by duty personnel within a specified time, determined in accordance with Appendix 0...”.

Questions:

a) Does SP 5.13130.2009, clause 13.3.3, subclause c) allow identification of a faulty detector using a light indication on the control panel or on the PPKP/PPU display panel?

Answer: Clause 13.3.3 allows for any methods of determining the malfunction of the detector and its location in order to replace it.

b) How should the time required to detect a malfunction and replace the detector be determined? Are there ways to calculate this time for different types of objects?

Answer: The operation of facilities without a fire safety system, where such a system is required, is not permitted.

From the moment this system fails, the following options are possible:

1) the technological process is suspended until the system is restored, taking into account clause 02 of Appendix 0;

2) the functions of the system are transferred to responsible personnel if the personnel are able to replace the functions of the system. This depends on the dynamics of the fire, the scope of functions performed, etc.

3) a reserve is introduced. The reserve (“cold” reserve) can be entered manually (replacement) by the personnel on duty or automatically, if there are no duplicate detectors (“hot” reserve), taking into account clause O1 of Appendix O.

The operational parameters of the system must be given in the design documentation for the system, depending on the parameters and significance of the protected object. In this case, the system recovery time given in the design documentation should not exceed the permissible time for suspending the technological process or the time for transferring functions to duty personnel.

clause 14.3.“...To generate a control command according to clause 14.1 in the protected room or protected area there must be at least:

three fire detectors when they are included in the loops of two-threshold devices or in three independent radial loops of single-threshold devices;
four fire detectors when they are connected to two loops of single-threshold devices, two detectors in each loop;
two fire detectors that meet the requirements of clause 13.3.3 (a, b, c), connected according to the “AND” logical circuit, subject to timely replacement of the faulty detector;
two fire detectors connected according to the logical “OR” circuit, if the detectors provide increased reliability of the fire signal.”

Questions:

a) How to determine the timeliness of replacing a faulty detector? What time should be considered necessary and sufficient to replace a detector? Does this mean Appendix O in this case?

Answer: The permissible time for manually introducing a reserve is determined based on the standard level of human safety in case of fire, the accepted level of material losses in case of fire, as well as the probability of fire at a given type of facility. This time interval is limited by the condition that the probability of exposure to dangerous fire factors on people during a fire does not exceed the norm. To estimate this time, the methodology of Appendix 2 of GOST 12.1.004 can be used. Estimates of material losses are based on the methodology of Appendix 4 of GOST 12.1.004.

b) What should be understood by increased reliability of a fire signal? Does this mean taking into account the recommendations set out in Appendix P? Or something different?

Answer: In the near future, requirements will be introduced for the mandatory parameters of fire automatic equipment, as well as methods for checking them during testing, one of which is the reliability of the fire signal.

Technical means using the methods given in Appendix P, when tested for the influence of factors not related to fire, have a greater reliability of the fire signal compared to conventional detectors, which are switched on according to the logical “AND” circuit to increase reliability.

4. Notification

SP 5.13130.2009 clause 13.3.3. In the protected room or designated parts of the room, it is allowed to install one automatic fire detector if the following conditions are simultaneously met:

...d) when a fire detector is triggered, a signal is not generated to control fire extinguishing installations or fire warning systems of type 5 according to , as well as other systems, the false operation of which can lead to unacceptable material losses or a decrease in the level of human safety.

SP 5.13130.2009 clause 14.2. Generation of control signals for warning systems of type 1, 2, 3 for smoke removal, engineering equipment controlled by a fire alarm system, and other equipment, the false operation of which cannot lead to unacceptable material losses or a decrease in the level of human safety, is allowed to be carried out when one fire detector, taking into account the recommendations set out in Appendix P. The number of fire detectors in the room is determined in accordance with section 13.

Questions:

Regarding the 4th type of alert, there is a contradiction. In accordance with clause 13.3.3 d), it is allowed to install ONE detector per room (of course, provided that the other conditions of clause 13.3.3 are met) when generating a control signal for a type 4 alert. In accordance with section 14, the generation of control signals for type 4 alerts must be carried out when at least 2 detectors are triggered, which means their number in the room must be determined in accordance with clause 14.3. Which of the conditions should be considered determining the number of detectors installed in the room and the condition for generating control signals on the 4th type SOUE?

Answer: clause 13.3.3, paragraphs. d) does not exclude the installation of one fire detector while simultaneously fulfilling conditions a), b), c) for the generation of control signals for fire warning and evacuation control systems (SOUE) of the 4th type in the event that this does not lead to a decrease in the safety level people and unacceptable material losses in case of fire. In this case, fire detectors must protect the entire area of the control zone, be monitored, and the possibility of timely replacement of faulty detectors must be ensured.
In this case, increasing the reliability of the fire detection system is ensured manually.
Insufficient reliability of the fire signal when using one conventional detector can lead to an increase in false alarms. If the level of false alarms does not lead to a decrease in the level of human safety and unacceptable material losses, this option for generating a type 4 SOUE control signal can be accepted.
In clause 14.2, it is allowed to generate a signal to launch SOUE of types 1-3 from one fire detector with increased reliability of the fire signal without switching on the reserve, i.e. with reduced reliability, also if this does not lead to a decrease in the level of safety of people and unacceptable material losses in the event of a detector failure.
The options for generating the SOUE control signal given in clause 13.3.3 and clause 14.2 imply justification for ensuring the level of safety of people and material losses in case of fire when using these options.
Options for generating control signals given in clause 14.1. and 14.3 do not imply such justifications.
In accordance with clause A3 of Appendix A, the design organization independently selects protection options depending on the technological, design, space-planning features and parameters of the protected objects.
Art. 84 clause 7....It has been determined that the fire warning system must function during the time required for evacuation.

Questions:

a) Should sounders, as elements of a warning system, also be resistant to temperatures typical for a developed fire? The same question can be asked in relation to power supplies, as well as control devices.

Answer: The requirement applies to all components of the SOUE depending on their location.

b) If the requirements of the article of the law apply only to communication lines of warning systems, which in this case must be carried out with fire-resistant cable, should switching elements, distribution boards, etc. also be fire-resistant?

Answer: The resistance of SOUE technical means to the effects of fire factors is ensured by their design, as well as their placement in structures, premises, and areas of premises.

c) If we assume that the requirements for resistance to the effects of fire do not apply to sirens located in the room in which the fire occurs, since people from this room are evacuated first, should the conditions for the stability of communication lines with sirens installed in different rooms be ensured? , when the emergency room sirens are destroyed?

Answer: The stability of electrical connecting lines must be ensured unconditionally.

d) What regulatory documents regulate the methodology for assessing the fire resistance of warning system elements (NPB 248, GOST 53316 or others)?

Answer: Methods for assessing stability (resistance) from the effects of fire factors are given in NPB 248, GOST R 53316, as well as in Appendix 2 of GOST 12.1.004 (for assessing the time to reach the maximum temperature at the location).

e) Which paragraph of the SP defines the requirements for the duration of uninterrupted operation of the SOUE? If in clause 4.3 SP6, then a significant amount of previously produced and certified equipment does not meet these requirements (increase in alarm time by 3 times compared to the requirements of NPB 77).

Answer: The requirement of clause 4.3 of SP 6.13130.2009 applies to power supplies. At the same time, it is possible to limit the provision of power in emergency mode to 1.3 times the task completion time.

f) Is it possible to use reception and control devices that have the function of monitoring control circuits for remote sirens as control devices for emergency control systems at facilities? This refers to PPKP that meet the requirements of clause 7.2.2.1 (a-e) of GOST R 53325-2009 for PPU (“Granit-16”, “Grand Master”, etc.).

Answer: Control and control devices that combine control functions must be classified and certified as devices that combine functions.

Source: "Security Algorithm" No. 5 2009

Questions regarding the application of SP 5.13130.2009

Question: Should the provisions of clause 13.3.3 of SP 5.13130.2009 be applied to addressable fire detectors?

Answer:

The provisions of clause 13.3.3 are as follows:
“In the protected room or designated parts of the room, it is allowed to install one automatic fire detector if the following conditions are simultaneously met:

c) detection of a faulty detector is ensured and the possibility of replacing it within a specified time, determined in accordance with Appendix O;

Addressable detectors are called addressable because of the ability to determine their location by their address, determined by the addressable control panel. One of the main provisions determining the possibility of applying clause 13.3.3 is the provision of clause. b). Addressable detectors must have automatic performance monitoring. In accordance with the provisions of clause 17.4, Note - “Technical means with automatic performance monitoring are technical means that have control of components that make up at least 80% of the failure rate of the technical means.” “Technical means whose reliability in the range of external influences cannot be determined , must have automatic performance monitoring. If it is impossible to determine a faulty fire detector in the addressable system, it does not comply with the provisions of paragraphs. b). In addition, the provision of clause 13.3.3 can only be applied if the provision of clauses is ensured. V). An assessment of the time required to replace a failed detector with a performance monitoring function for objects with an established probability of fire when installing one detector in accordance with the provisions of clause 13.3.3 of SP 5.13130.2009 is carried out based on the following assumptions in the given sequence.

Answer:
According to SP5.13130.2009, Appendix A, Table 2A, Note 3, GOST R IEC 60332-3-22 is specified, which provides a method for calculating the flammable mass of cables. You can also look at the named technique in the electronic magazine “I am an electrician”. In the magazine, the calculation method is given with detailed explanations. The amount of combustible mass for different types of cables can be found on the website of the Kolchuginsky Cable Plant (www.elcable.ru), in the reference information section on the reference technical information page. I ask you not to forget that behind suspended ceilings, in addition to cables, there are a large number of other communications laid, and they can also burn under certain conditions.

Question: In what cases should the ceiling space be equipped with an APS?

Answer:
The need to equip the ceiling space of the APS is determined in accordance with the provisions of clause A4 of Appendix A of SP 5.13130.2009.

Question: Which fire detection system should be preferred for the earliest detection of a fire?

Answer:
When using technical means, one should be guided by the principle of reasonable sufficiency. Technical means must fulfill the objectives of the goal at their minimum cost. Early fire detection is primarily related to the type of fire detector and its placement. When choosing a detector type, the predominant fire factor must be determined. In the absence of experience, you can use calculation methods for calculating the time of occurrence of limit values of fire hazards (blocking time). The fire factor, the time of occurrence of which is minimal, is predominant. Using the same method, the time of fire detection using various technical means is determined. When solving the first target task - ensuring the safe evacuation of people, the required maximum fire detection time is determined as the difference between the blocking time and evacuation time. The resulting time, reduced by at least 20%, is a criterion for choosing technical means of fire detection. At the same time, the time of generation of a fire signal by the receiving and control device is also taken into account, taking into account its algorithm for processing signals from fire detectors.

Question: In what cases should information about a fire be transmitted to remote control 01, incl. over the radio?

Answer:
Fire alarms are not used for themselves, but to achieve the objectives of the goal: the unconditional protection of human life and health and the protection of material assets. In the case where fire extinguishing functions are performed by fire departments, the fire signal must be transmitted unconditionally and within a time frame, taking into account the location of this unit and its equipment. The choice of transmission method, taking into account local characteristics, rests with the design organization. It should always be remembered that equipment costs are a small part of the funds compared to losses from fire.

Question: Should only highly fire resistant cables be used in fire protection systems?

Answer:
When using cables, one should be guided, as always, by the principle of reasonable sufficiency. Moreover, any decisions require justification. SP 5.13130.2009 and the new edition of SP 6.13130.2009 require the use of cables that ensure their durability while performing tasks in accordance with the purpose of the systems in which they are used. If the contractor is unable to justify the use of a cable, then cables with maximum fire resistance can be used, which is a more expensive solution. As a methodology for justifying the use of cables, the method of calculating the time of occurrence of limit values of fire factors dangerous to humans can be used. Instead of temperature limits for humans, temperature limits for cables of a certain type are set. The time of occurrence of the limit value at the height of the cable suspension is determined. The time from the moment the impact begins until the cable fails can be taken equal to zero.

Question:
What methodology can be used for calculating the operating time of an ng-LS cable for fire alarm connecting lines, which would comply with Article 103 No. 123-FZ of July 22, 2008, will the use of an ng-LS cable and time calculations be sufficient? for detection of fire factors by detectors and transmission of an alarm signal to other fire protection systems, including notification.

Answer:
To calculate the operating time of a cable, you can apply the method of calculating the critical duration of a fire based on the maximum temperature at the height of the cable placement according to the method for determining the calculated values of fire risk in buildings, structures and structures of various classes of functional fire hazard, order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation No. 382 of June 30, 2009. When choosing the cable type in accordance with the requirements of Art. 103 of Federal Law No. 123-FZ of June 22, 2008, it is necessary to ensure not only the preservation of the operability of wires and cables in fire conditions for the time required for the tasks of the components of these systems, taking into account the specific location, but also the wires and cables must ensure the operability equipment not only in the fire zone, but also in other areas and floors in the event of a fire or high temperatures along the cable line routes.

Question:
What does clause 13.3.7 of SP 5.13130.2009 mean “The distances between detectors, as well as between the wall and detectors can be changed within the area given in tables 13.3 and 13.5”?

Answer:
The protection areas for heat, smoke and gas point detectors are established in tables 13.3 and 13.5. The convective flow that occurs when a fire occurs in the absence of environmental influences and structures has the shape of a cone. The design features of the room can affect the shape of the convective flow, as well as its spreading under the ceiling. In this case, the values of the released heat, smoke and gas are preserved for the changed shape of the spreading flow. In this regard, clause 13.3.10 of SP 5.13130.2009 directly provides instructions for increasing the distances between detectors in narrow rooms and ceiling spaces.

Question: How many heat detectors should be installed in apartment hallways?

Answer:
The amended version of Appendix A SP 5.13130.2009 does not provide for the installation of thermal fire detectors. The choice of detector type is carried out during design, taking into account the characteristics of the protected object. One of the best solutions is to install smoke alarms. In this case, one should proceed from the condition of the earliest formation of a fire signal. The number of detectors is determined in accordance with the provisions of clause 13.3.3, clause 14.1, 14.2, 14.3 SP 5.13130.2009.

Question: Should the Exit sign be always on or only turned on in case of fire?

Answer:
The provision of clause 5.2 of SP 3.13130.2009 quite clearly answers the question: “Exit light alarms ... must be turned on while people are in them.”

Question: How many fire detectors should be installed in a room?

Answer:
The provisions of SP 5.13130.2009, as amended, fully answer the question posed:
“13.3.3 In the protected room or designated parts of the room, it is allowed to install one automatic fire detector if the following conditions are simultaneously met:
a) the area of the room is no more than the area protected by the fire detector specified in the technical documentation for it, and no more than the average area indicated in tables 13.3-13.6;
b) automatic monitoring of the fire detector’s performance under the influence of environmental factors is provided, confirming the performance of its functions, and a notification of serviceability (malfunction) is generated on the control panel;
c) detection of a faulty detector is ensured and the possibility of replacing it within a specified time, determined in accordance with Appendix O;
d) when a fire detector is triggered, a signal is not generated to control fire extinguishing installations or fire warning systems of the 5th type according to SP 3.13130, as well as other systems, the false operation of which can lead to unacceptable material losses or a decrease in the level of human safety.”
“14.1 Generation of signals for automatic control of warning systems, fire extinguishing installations, smoke protection equipment, general ventilation, air conditioning, engineering equipment of the facility, as well as other actuators of systems involved in ensuring fire safety, must be carried out from two fire detectors switched on according to logic circuit “AND”, for the time in accordance with section 17, taking into account the inertia of these systems. In this case, the placement of detectors should be carried out at a distance of no more than half the standard distance, determined according to tables 13.3 - 13.6, respectively.”
“14.2 Generating control signals for warning systems of type 1, 2, 3, 4 according to SP 3.13130.2009, smoke protection equipment, general ventilation and air conditioning, engineering equipment of the facility involved in ensuring the fire safety of the facility, as well as generating commands to turn off the power supply consumers interlocked with fire automatic systems are allowed to be carried out when one fire detector is triggered, meeting the recommendations set out in Appendix P, provided that a false triggering of controlled systems cannot lead to unacceptable material losses or a decrease in the level of human safety. In this case, at least two detectors are installed in the room (part of the room), connected according to the logical “OR” circuit. In the case of using detectors that, in addition, satisfy the requirement of clause 13.3.3 b), c), one fire detector can be installed in the room (part of the room).
“14.3 To generate a control command according to 14.1 in the protected room or protected area there must be at least: three fire detectors when they are included in the loops of two-threshold devices or in three independent radial loops of single-threshold devices; four fire detectors when they are connected to two loops of single-threshold devices, two detectors in each loop; two fire detectors that meet the requirement 13.3.3 (b, c)."
When choosing equipment and algorithms for its operation, it is necessary to take measures to minimize the likelihood of false alarms of these systems. At the same time, a false alarm should not lead to a decrease in human safety and loss of material assets.

Question: What systems besides fire protection are referred to as “others”?

Answer:
It is known that in addition to fire protection systems, which include a fire warning and evacuation control system, a fire extinguishing system, and a smoke protection system, a fire signal can be transmitted to control engineering and technological means, which can also be used to ensure fire safety. An algorithm for the control sequence of all technical means must be developed in the project.

Question: For what purposes are fire detectors switched on using the “And” and “Or” logical circuits used?

Answer:
When switching on fire detectors using the “AND” logic circuit, the goal is to increase the reliability of the fire signal. In this case, it is possible to use one detector instead of two standard ones, implementing the function of increasing reliability. Such detectors include detectors called “diagnostic”, “multi-criteria”, “parametric”. When switching on fire detectors according to the logical “Or” circuit (duplication), the goal is to increase reliability. In this case, it is possible to use detectors that have a reliability no less than two duplicated standard ones. When calculating justification, the level of danger of the object is taken into account and, if there are justifications for performing the main functions, the composition of the fire protection system is assessed and requirements for reliability parameters are determined.

Question: Please clarify clause 13.3.11 SP 5.13130.2009 in part: is it possible to connect a remote optical alarm (VUOS) to each fire detector installed behind a suspended ceiling, even if there are two or three detectors in the loop and this loop protects one small area, about 20 m2, room 4-5 meters high.

Answer:
The requirements of clause 13.3.11 SP 5.13130.2009 are aimed at ensuring the ability to quickly locate the location of a triggered detector in the event of a fire or false alarm. During design, a variant of the detection method is determined, which should be indicated in the design documentation.
If in your case determining the location of a triggered detector is not difficult, then a remote optical indication may not be installed.

Question:
I ask you to provide clarification regarding the remote start of the smoke removal system, art. 85 No. 123-FZ “Technical regulations on fire safety requirements.” Is it necessary to install additional starting elements (buttons) next to the fire alarm IPRs for remote manual starting of the supply and exhaust smoke ventilation systems of the building to comply with clause 8 of Art. 85 No. 123-FZ? Or an IPR connected to a fire alarm can be considered a starting element, in accordance with clause 8 of Art. 85.

Answer:
Signals to turn on smoke protection equipment must be generated by automatic fire alarm devices when automatic and manual fire detectors are triggered.
When implementing a smoke protection control algorithm based on addressable equipment, the loop of which includes addressable manual fire call points and addressable actuators, the installation of remote manual start devices at emergency exits may not be provided for by the design solution. In this case, it is sufficient to install these devices in the premises of the duty personnel.
If it is necessary to ensure separate switching on of smoke protection equipment from other fire automatic systems, such devices can be installed at emergency exits and in the premises of duty personnel.

To be continued…

Zaitsev Alexander Vadimovich, scientific editor of the journal “Security Algorithm”

On August 10, 2015, a message appeared on the website of the Federal State Budgetary Institution VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia: “By the decision of the Expert Commission to conduct an examination of the codes of rules of the EMERCOM of Russia in connection with the need to update and refine the numerous proposals and comments, as well as in connection with the emergence of new technologies and fire protection means, draft SP 5.13130 has been returned to the stage of the first edition and is undergoing the public discussion procedure again.” And this is after in 2013, upon completion of the research work “SP 5”, an attempt was already made to present to the public an updated version of SP 5.13130.2009 “Fire protection systems. Fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations are automatic. Design norms and rules." True, then the matter did not reach the public; it was cut down in the bud and hidden from the eyes of this public. Now they offer us almost the same thing, only under a new name - “Fire Protection Systems. Fire alarm systems and fire extinguishing installations are automatic. Design norms and rules."

And here I could not restrain myself and decided to express my attitude towards such rule-making in a detailed form. I would like to note right away that this material is not about document errors, although there are quite a lot of them, even if we consider only the fire alarm section. We will not receive the document that is so necessary for daily work until we decide on its tasks and structure.

WHAT DOES FEDERAL LAW No. 123-FZ REQUIRE FROM FIRE ALARMS?

I’ll start with the federal law of July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ “Technical regulations on fire safety requirements.” He is the starting point. And it is completely natural, first of all, to decide what the law requires in terms of automatic fire alarm installations (AUPS) and fire alarm systems (AFS). Fire protection systems must have:

■ reliability and resistance to the effects of dangerous fire factors for the time necessary to achieve fire safety goals (clause 3, article 51).

AUPS must provide:

■ automatic fire detection within the time required to turn on fire warning systems (clause 1, article 54);

■ automatic fire detection, supply of control signals to technical means of warning people about a fire and managing the evacuation of people, control devices for fire extinguishing installations, technical means of controlling the smoke protection system, engineering and technological equipment (clause 4, article 83);

■ automatic informing of duty personnel about the occurrence of a malfunction in communication lines between individual technical means included in the installations (clause 5, article 83);

■ supplying light and sound signals about the occurrence of a fire to the reception and control device in the premises of the duty personnel or to special remote warning devices, and in buildings of functional fire hazard classes F1.1, F1.2, F4.1, F4.2 - with duplication of these signals to the fire department control panel without the participation of facility employees and/or the organization broadcasting this signal.

Fire detectors must:

■ be located in the protected room in such a way as to ensure timely detection of a fire anywhere in this room (clause 8, article 83).

AUPS technical means must:

■ ensure electrical and information compatibility with each other, as well as with other technical means interacting with them (clause 1 of Article 103);

■ be resistant to the effects of electromagnetic interference with maximum permissible level values characteristic of the protected object (clause 5 of article 103);

■ ensure electrical safety. Cable lines and electrical wiring systems for fire detection, warning and management of evacuation of people in case of fire, emergency lighting on evacuation routes, emergency ventilation and smoke protection, automatic fire extinguishing, internal fire water supply, elevators for transporting fire departments in buildings and structures must:

■ maintain operability in fire conditions for the time necessary to perform their functions and evacuate people to a safe area (clause 2, article 82).

Communication lines between technical means of AUPS must:

■ maintain operability in fire conditions for the time necessary to perform their functions and evacuate people to a safe area (clause 2, article 103).

AUPS fire equipment control devices must provide:

■ the principle of control in accordance with the type of equipment being controlled and the requirements of a specific facility (Clause 3, Article 103, oddly enough, this requirement is in the requirements for AUPS).

The automatic drive of actuators and devices of supply and exhaust smoke ventilation systems of buildings and structures must:

■ carried out when automatic fire extinguishing and/or fire alarm systems are triggered (clause 7, article 85, this once again confirms that fire control devices for actuators belong to the AUPS).

Those. All components of the AUPS are subject to specific requirements for their intended purpose. These requirements are of an exclusively general nature without disclosing the mechanisms for their implementation. It would seem that nothing could be simpler - to take these requirements and consistently, step by step, reveal and specify them.

These are the main tasks facing developers of fire alarm requirements. In order, what is achieved by what:

■ reliability of fire detection;

■ timeliness of fire detection;

■ resistance of AUPS and SPS to external environmental influences;

■ monitoring the current state of the automatic fire alarm system and emergency response system by the duty personnel;

■ interaction of AUPS and SPS with other fire protection subsystems;

■ safety of people from electric shock.

Instead, in the new draft set of rules SP 5.13130 we again see a set of disparate rules: how and in what quantity to place fire detectors (IP), lay fire alarm loops and connect them to control panels. And all this without any indication of the tasks being solved. This is very similar to a rather complex recipe for making Christmas pudding.

What will it be like for the inspector? Having found a non-compliance with the set of rules SP 5.13130 at the facility, it is necessary to link it to the requirements of Federal Law No. 123 in order to substantiate your claims in the courts. In this edition, as in the previous one, it will be very difficult to find such a link.

The GOST standards of the Soviet period described how to make the same bicycle. Several wheel sizes were standardized, and, consequently, their spokes, the size of the steering wheel and seat, the diameter of the frame pipes, etc. In modern Russia, a completely new approach to national standards has been adopted. Now national standards specify the requirements for the final product, and not how to make it. And then, for the most part, in terms of ensuring human security in various areas. There is compliance with the requirements - good, no - it is not subject to commissioning or further use. This is how all other types of regulatory documents should be.

RULES AND THEIR PLACE IN PRACTICAL ACTIVITIES

The very concept of “rules” is deeply rooted in the philosophy of life of an individual or a community of individuals. Any rules are followed by people on a voluntary basis, based on understanding and perception of the correctness of their actions. This is such a tautology.

There are rules of behavior in society, rules of etiquette, rules of conduct on water, traffic rules, etc. There are also unwritten rules. In different countries, they can all differ fundamentally in their essence and content. There are simply no universal rules.

The rules are aimed either at creating a comfortable living environment, incl. ensuring the necessary security in all areas of human activity, or for other specific tasks related to the implementation or implementation of certain processes.

But rules cannot be without exceptions, and how much it is permissible to deviate from the rules is determined by the requirements for the final result of the activity. Sometimes these requirements are more important than the rules themselves.

But before forming certain rules, it is necessary to develop evaluation criteria and/or a procedure for developing these rules. A top level of rules must be formed to create a lower level of rules. Neglecting the upper level or its absence will not allow creating a lower level of rules that can actually be implemented in life. And this turned out to be the main problem of the work of the team of authors of the Federal State Budgetary Institution VNIIPO EMERCOM of the Russian Federation on the set of rules SP 5.13130.

In our case, the highest level of rules should be Federal Law No. 123. After all, it formulates the main tasks. The second level should be a document describing the requirements for the final product, for example, in our case, a fire alarm. But as a guide through the labyrinths between the tasks at hand and the specific requirements for the final result, there should be rules describing how to achieve this. These rules will act as recommendations that can be followed or not, if there is justification for this. And since the requirements for the result are laid down in the first two upper levels, there is no contradiction in this.

CODE OF RULES SP 5.13130: ORIGIN AND CONTRADITIONS

The structure and principle of construction of the set of rules SP 5.13130 “Fire protection systems. Fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations are automatic. Design Norms and Rules” looks modern only on the first page, but the essence of this document has not changed over the past 30 years. The roots of this document lie in the “Instructions for the design of fire extinguishing installations” CH75-76. If we take its successor SNiP 2.04.09-84 “Fire automatics of buildings and structures”, then it and its further followers NPB 88-2001 and the draft new edition of SP 5.13130 are absolutely similar.

Would you like an example, please? SNiP 2.04.09-84 has the following requirement:

“4.23. In justified cases, it is allowed to install reception and control devices in premises without personnel on round-the-clock duty while ensuring the transmission of fire and malfunction notifications to the fire station or other premises with personnel on round-the-clock duty and ensuring control of communication channels.”

We had the same thing in the interim regulatory document NPB 88-2001 “Fire extinguishing and alarm installations. Design norms and rules."

In the draft SP 5.13130 submitted for re-discussion, we again find:

“14.14.7. In justified cases, it is allowed to install these devices in premises without personnel on round-the-clock duty, while ensuring separate transmission of notifications about fire, malfunction, condition of technical equipment to the premises with personnel on round-the-clock duty, and ensuring control of notification transmission channels.”

And immediately there is a contradiction. Article 46 of Federal Law No. 123 provides a list of fire automatic equipment. And it has a component - a notification transmission system. The components of these systems transmit the mentioned signals from the receiving and control device, and display them on their indicators, and, most importantly, monitor the notification transmission channel. And the requirements for them are in GOST R 53325-2012. There is no need to invent anything. But the authors of the code of laws do not read... And such examples with the wording “cart and small cart” outdated for 30 years.

It has reached the point that the very name of SP 5.13130 in its discussed edition will contradict the law that gave birth to it. The law specifies the term “automatic fire alarm installations (AUPS).” And in the set of rules - “fire alarm systems (FAS)”, which, according to the same law, are defined only as a combination of several such installations. All the requirements in the law, as I showed a little earlier, are prescribed for AUPS, and not for ATP. What’s easier is to indicate in the introduction that the requirements for fire alarm systems and the automatic fire alarm installations included in them are identical, and the issue would be closed. Here it is, the legal purity of our fire safety standards. And most importantly, the tasks at hand in Federal Law No. 123 were generally “remained behind the scenes.” And I will try to show this with several examples.

It’s unlikely that anyone remembers where the requirements for organizing fire alarm control zones came from in our standards (now it’s clause 13.2.1 in SP5.13130.2009).

Also in the “Manual to the rules of production and acceptance of work. Installations of security, fire and security-fire alarm systems" from 1983 stipulated that:

“For administrative buildings (premises), it is allowed to block up to ten fire alarms with one fire alarm loop, and if there is a remote alarm from each room - up to 20 rooms with a common corridor or adjacent ones.”

At that time, we were talking only about the use of thermal IP; there were no others yet. And about maximum savings, both of the technical fire alarm systems themselves and of cable products. At one time, this made it possible to equip a fairly large administrative facility with just one single-loop receiving and control device of the UOTS-1-1 type.

Subsequently, in SNiP 2.04.09-84 the situation changes somewhat:

“Automatic fire detectors of one fire alarm loop can be used to control up to ten in public, residential and auxiliary buildings, and with remote light alarms from automatic fire detectors and installed above the entrance to the controlled premises - up to twenty adjacent or isolated premises located on one floor and having exits to a common corridor (room).”

By this time, smoke fire detectors had already appeared, and therefore the scope of application of this standard in terms of the purpose of premises expanded.

And in NPB 88-2001 the concept of “control zone” appears:

“12.13. It is allowed to equip a control zone with one fire alarm loop with fire detectors that do not have an address, including:

Premises located on no more than 2 interconnected floors, with a total area of 300 m2 or less;

Up to ten isolated and adjacent rooms with a total area of no more than 1600 m2, located on one floor of the building, while isolated rooms must have access to a common corridor, hall, vestibule, etc.;

Up to twenty isolated and adjacent rooms with a total area of no more than 1600 m2, located on one floor of the building, while the isolated rooms must have access to a common corridor, hall, vestibule, etc., with a remote light alarm indicating the activation of fire detectors above the entrance to each controlled premises."

It is unlikely that these area sizes have made any changes in the practice of applying this norm. But a lot of work has been done, there is something to be proud of.

Approximately the same requirement for the control capabilities of one fire alarm loop with fire alarm broadcasters that do not have an address is also provided for in the draft SP 5.13130. Why this happened, how this is determined, no one can say. There is such a norm, born 35 years ago, which has undergone several changes along the way, but no longer has any basis. The authors of fire regulations have plenty of other concerns. It's like rolling a snowball, in which the original task is completely forgotten. If we are trying to solve the issues of survivability of fire alarm systems in this way, then why are we talking only about threshold loops with non-addressable detectors. During this time, addressable and addressable-analog systems have taken their rightful place, but for some reason restrictions on the same survivability are not imposed on them. And all because zoning of AUPS is not yet perceived as one of the components of the fight for their survivability, as was done from the very beginning in the foreign rationing system, from which the mentioned figures were taken. This once again shows that the authors of the document are not trying to solve the problems at hand. It's time to bake Easter cakes, and not make adjustments to the existing recipe for making Christmas pudding.

And what is the cost of another attempt to introduce stupidity into SP 5.13130, which can baffle any competent specialist:

"14.1.1. It is recommended to select the type of automatic fire detectors in accordance with their sensitivity to test fires in accordance with GOST R 53325.”

Test lesions for all types of IP, with the exception of special additional test lesions for aspiration, are the same. And the task of any individual entrepreneur is to pass these tests. And no one anywhere will find specific numerical indicators of this sensitivity to test fires, so that one specific detector can be compared with another and make a choice. Apparently, this was done only so as not to make major changes to the source text from NPB 88-2001:

"12.1. It is recommended to select the type of point smoke fire detector in accordance with its ability to detect various types of smoke, which can be determined according to GOST R 50898.”

But even in the edition of NPB 88-2001 this was already unprofessional. A smoke detector must detect all types of smoke, otherwise it cannot be called a smoke detector. The problem of reliable and timely fire detection needs to be solved from a completely different perspective, and not try to replace one stupidity with another. It would be good, first of all, to determine such characteristics of the system as timeliness and reliability of fire detection, how they are determined, achieved and how to standardize them. And only after that give some recommendations.

In my opinion, without a clear understanding of the meaning of these characteristics, one cannot talk about any effectiveness of the fire alarm itself, and this requires serious study and discussion.

And here, in the draft of the new edition of SP 5.13130, a new twist appears - attempts were discovered to give some preferences to gas fire alarms, which have been finally decided on for about ten years abroad, and not in their favor.

All the above examples are the results of haphazard work. The lack of requirements for the main characteristics of the AUPS is replaced by a chaotic set of private design rules.

The set of rules SP 5.13130 is a lower-level regulatory document. And sooner or later it will be necessary to develop a national standard instead. But with SP 5.13130 in its current edition there is no need to even talk about this.

SOME EXCURSION INTO INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE

The European standard EN 54-14 “Requirements for planning, design, installation, operation and maintenance” states right in the introduction:

"1. Application area

This standard sets out mandatory requirements for the use of automatic fire alarm systems, i.e. detection and/or notification in the event of a fire. The standard addresses issues of planning and design of fire alarm systems, their installation, commissioning, operation and maintenance procedures.”

Note the term "requirements" used. And these requirements apply specifically to the final product - the fire alarm.

There is no need to separate design, installation, operation and maintenance according to different regulatory documents. Let us note that in our country no documents have yet been created either on installation, or on operation and maintenance of fire alarms. Fire alarm requirements at all stages of the life cycle must remain unchanged. And now it is simply impossible to make claims for non-compliance of the fire alarm system in use with existing requirements on the basis of existing regulatory documents. One thing was designed, it was installed differently, and after several years of operation and maintenance a third one appeared. And this question in EN 54-14 was closed forever.

And now, for example, one more of the general provisions from EN 54-14:

"6.4.1. Fire detectors: General provisions

When choosing the type of detector, the following factors should be considered:

Type of materials on the protected object and their flammability;

Dimensions and location of rooms (especially ceiling height);

Availability of ventilation and heating;

Indoor environmental conditions;

Probability of false positives;

Regulatory acts. The selected type of fire detectors must, taking into account the environmental conditions in the places where they are planned to be installed, ensure the earliest possible guaranteed detection of a fire and transmission of a fire alarm signal. There are no types of detectors that are suitable for use in all conditions. Ultimately, this choice depends on specific conditions.”

And only after this are specific instructions given on the use of each type of IP, which to some extent are also available in our SP 5.13130.

However, there are also fundamental differences. One of the factors influencing the choice of IP, as can be seen from the list above, is the probability of false positives. And this concept found a place in EN 54-14:

"4.5. False alarm

False alarms and the resulting system disruption are a serious problem and can result in a genuine fire alarm being ignored. Therefore, those responsible for planning, installing and operating the system must take the utmost care to avoid false alarms.”

Thus, in many national standards, which are sometimes more stringent than pan-European standards, the probability of false positives has been standardized for more than ten years. This is the approach of real experts in their field.

And in our country at this time, the authors of the standards prefer not to give direct answers to questions from many years of everyday practice. Or maybe they are deliberately doing it so that they can constantly communicate with people through letters of explanation and letters of “happiness”.

Just look at the following requirement in the SP 5.13130 project:

"18.5. The required probability of failure-free operation of technical equipment, adopted in accordance with the methodology for calculating risks depending on the fire hazard of an object, is ensured by the reliability parameters of technical equipment of a particular system when conducting functional checks during operation, with a calculated frequency in accordance with the Comments to ".

That is, before developing working documentation for a fire alarm and determining the required probability of failure-free operation, it is necessary to conduct a functional test during operation of this particular fire alarm at this particular facility with a certain frequency. Do you think someone will be guided by this when designing? And then why write such a rule?

PROPOSALS FOR THE FORMATION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR FIRE ALARMS

In order for there to be a cause-and-effect relationship between the requirements for fire alarms between the Federal Law of July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ “Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements” and the new regulatory document, it is proposed to present it in the following form.

List the tasks to be solved in the same order as I did at the very beginning of this article: reliability of fire detection, timeliness of fire detection, resistance of AUPS and SPS to external environmental influences, monitoring the current state of AUPS and SPS by duty personnel, interaction between AUPS and ATP with other fire protection subsystems, the safety of people from electric shock, and after that, disclose each component.

It might look something like this: 1. The reliability of fire detection is ensured by:

■ choosing the IP type;

■ formation of fire alarm control zones;

■ algorithm for making decisions about a fire;

■ protection from false positives.

1.1. Selecting IP type:

1.1.1. EITI allows...

1.1.2. IPT allows...

1.1.3. IPDL allows...

1.1.4. IPDA allows.

1.2. Formation of fire alarm control zones:

Why are they formed, what restrictions are imposed on them?

1.3. Algorithms for making decisions about a fire that increase reliability:

1.3.1. . "Fire 1". "Fire 2".

1.3.2. ... "Attention" ... "Fire." 1.4. Protection against false positives:

1.4.1. The use of combined IP...

1.4.2. Using multi-criteria IP... (just first you need to understand what it is).

1.4.3. Using IP with protection against particles that are not combustion products...

1.4.4. The degree of rigidity of fire automatic equipment to electromagnetic influences.

2. Timely detection of fire is ensured by:

2.1. Thermal IP should be placed in such and such a way.

2.2. Place smoke point IP...

2.3. Manual call points should be located.

3. The stability of AUPS and SPS to external influences is achieved:

■ choosing the appropriate topology for constructing an installation or fire alarm system;

■ resistance to external mechanical influences;

■ resistance to electromagnetic interference;

■ stability of communication lines in fire conditions;

■ redundancy of power supplies and power lines.

3.1. Selection of structure topology.

3.2. Resistance to external mechanical influences:

3.2.1. Devices should be placed...

3.2.2. Communication lines should be laid.

3.3. Stability of communication lines in fire conditions.

3.4. Immunity to electromagnetic interference.

3.5. Power requirements.

4. Visualization of the current state of AUPS and SPS is provided by:

4.1. Personnel on duty must have continuous visual and audio monitoring.

4.2. Personnel on duty must have access to the necessary information...

4.3. Personnel on duty must have access to controls for prompt intervention.

5. Interaction of AUPS with other fire protection subsystems:

5.1. Management of AUPT and SOUE type 5 must be carried out.

5.2. Management of SOUE types 1-4 must be carried out.

5.3. Smoke ventilation must be controlled.

5.4. Fire signals from fire category facilities F1.1, F1.2, F4.1, and F4.2 must be duplicated...

5.5. Fire signals from facilities that do not have 24-hour fire stations must be transmitted...

5.6. Compatibility of various fire automatic equipment with each other.

6. Ensuring the safety of people from electric shock is ensured by:

6.1. Grounding...

6.2. Controls must be protected from accidental access.

This, of course, is not a dogma; it can be considered as one of the proposals for the structure of the new document.

As soon as the requirements already existing in SP 5.13130 are placed in the proposed places, it will become clear whether they are sufficient to solve the problems at hand or not. Requirements will appear that never found a place in this structure. In this case, you will have to evaluate their necessity. It is quite possible that it would make sense to concentrate some of the provisions or rules in some recommendations, which may not be of a mandatory nature.

I can say that in the process of working on such a structure of a fundamentally new document, many new problems will appear. For example, how to correlate the required reliability of fire detection and timeliness of detection. If increased timeliness of detection is required, then two PI located in the same room must be switched on using the “OR” scheme, otherwise one PI is sufficient if, at the same time, some other boundary conditions are met. And, if increased reliability is required at the expense of timely detection, then these two PIs will have to be included according to the “AND” scheme. Who should make this decision and in what case?

A LITTLE ABOUT THE SICKNESS

Here I would like to recall the issue of electrical and information compatibility of various fire automatic equipment with each other. In order to minimize costs for fire automatic equipment, a decision is often made to use one unit from one manufacturer and another unit from a second manufacturer. And the third from the third. Those. Hedgehogs and grass snakes are crossing with each other. The draft new edition states that for this they must be compatible with each other. But there is nothing about who should check and evaluate this compatibility. If we are talking about products from one manufacturer, then this is checked during certification tests by specially trained experts.

But the right to combine device components from different manufacturers is given to anyone. Miracles, and that's all. In response to my corresponding question to the authors of such a norm, I was given the answer that “experienced specialists” are doing this. Then why does the set of rules for these “experienced specialists” indicate so many small and detailed features for laying fire alarm cables and other small things. Why transfer so much paper for this? If necessary, they will figure it out themselves. This is the approach of the authors to their own regulatory documents.

And I also want to return to the place of fire control devices, which I have already mentioned twice here. If we take the sets of rules for related fire protection systems (on warning people about a fire, smoke protection, internal fire water supply, elevators, etc.), then they only talk about the procedure for using final actuators (annunciators, fans, electric drives, valves, etc.). It is understood that the signals to them come from fire alarm installations or systems, but nothing is written about the use of fire control devices to control these actuators. Thus, over the course of many years, a whole link in the form of control devices has fallen out of the norm. Everyone knows about this, but until now all authors of fire safety standards carefully avoid this topic, each nodding to Federal Law No. 123. Only according to the law in paragraph 3 of Art. 103 and in paragraph 3. Art. 103 these control devices, strange as it may seem, relate to fire alarms. Maybe it's not so bad. Only then should they be taken into account in the relevant requirements. There should be no blind spots in fire safety.

CONCLUSION OR CONCLUSION

If work is not carried out to radically revise the principle of construction and content of the set of rules SP 5.13130, then there will be no need to talk about its trouble-free application in practice. Further rolling the snowball will not yield results, everyone has long understood this. Over more than 30 years of “improving” it, too much has changed. Without identifying the tasks facing this document, we will never achieve them, and it will remain a kind of cookbook with a very complex and contradictory recipe. We hope that the employees of the Federal State Budgetary Institution VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia will find a solution to this problem, otherwise they will have to involve the public.

Appendix to the order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated June 1, 2011 No. 274

OKS 13.220.01

CHANGE No. 1 to the set of rules SP 5.13130.2009 “Fire protection systems.

Fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations are automatic. Design norms and rules"

Date of introduction from 06/20/2011.

1) In section 3:

clause 3.99 should be stated as follows:

“3.99 sprinkler-drencher AUP (AUP-SD): Sprinkler AUP, in which a deluge control unit and technical means of activation are used, and the supply of fire extinguishing agent to the protected area is carried out only when the sprinkler sprinkler and technical means of activation are activated according to the logical “I” circuit control node.",

add paragraphs 3.121 -3.125 with the following content:

"3.121 fire automatic systems: Equipment integrated

connecting lines and working according to a given algorithm in order to perform tasks to ensure fire safety at the facility.

3.122 air compensator: A fixed-orifice device designed to minimize the likelihood of false alarm valve activations caused by air leaks in the supply and/or distribution piping of air sprinkler AUPs.

3.123 irrigation intensity: Volume of fire extinguishing liquid (water, aqueous solution (including aqueous foam solution, other fire extinguishing liquids) per unit area per unit time.

3.124 minimum area irrigated by AUP: The minimum value of the normative or design part of the total protected area subject to simultaneous irrigation with fire extinguishing liquid when all sprinklers located on this part of the total protected area are activated.

3.125 thermally activated microencapsulated OTV (ThermaOTV):

A substance (fire extinguishing liquid or gas) contained in the form of microinclusions (microcapsules) in solid, plastic or bulk materials, released when the temperature rises to a certain (specified) value.”

2) Clause 4.2 of Section 4 should be stated as follows:

“4.2 Automatic installations (with the exception of autonomous ones) must simultaneously perform the fire alarm function.”

3) In section 5:

in the notes to table 5.1 of paragraph 5.1.4:

paragraph 4 should be stated as follows:

"4 If the actual protected area is 8f less than the minimum area

S, irrigated by AUP, indicated in Table 5.3, then the actual flow can be reduced by the coefficient K = Bf/ S.”,

add paragraphs 7-9 as follows, respectively:

“7 The duration of operation of foam fire extinguishing systems with low and medium expansion foam for the surface fire extinguishing method should be taken as follows: 10 minutes. - for premises of categories B2 and VZ for fire danger, 15 min. - for premises of categories A, B and B1 for explosion and fire hazard, 25 min. - for premises of group 7.

8 For deluge AUPs, it is allowed to place sprinklers with distances between them greater than those given in Table 5.1 for sprinkler sprinklers, provided that when placing deluge sprinklers, the standard values of irrigation intensity for the entire protected area are provided and the decision made does not contradict the requirements of the technical documentation for this type of sprinklers .

9 The distance between sprinklers under a sloped roof should be taken along a horizontal plane.”,

clause 5.4.4 shall be deleted,

clause 5.8.8 shall be supplemented with the following paragraph:

“In sprinkler water-filled and air-filled automatic control systems, it is allowed to install a shut-off device behind the signal valve, provided that automatic control of the state of the shut-off device (“Closed” - “Open”) is provided with the output of a signal to a room with constant presence of duty personnel.”,

clause 5.9.25 shall be supplemented with the following paragraph:

“The design and reserve volumes of the foaming agent may be contained in one vessel.”

4) table 8.1 of clause 8.3 of section 8 should be stated as follows: “Table 8.1_

5) In section 11:

clause 11.1 should be stated as follows:

"eleven. 1 Autonomous fire extinguishing installations are divided according to the type of fire extinguishing agent (FME) into liquid, foam, gas, powder, aerosol, fire extinguishing installations with Terma-FTV and combined ones.”,

Clauses 11.3, 11.4 shall be amended as follows, respectively:

“11.3 The design of autonomous installations is carried out in accordance with the design guidelines developed by the design organization to protect standard facilities.

11.4 The requirements for the stock of fire extinguishing agents for an autonomous fire extinguishing installation must comply with the requirements for the stock of fire extinguishing agents for an automatic fire extinguishing installation of a modular type, with the exception of autonomous installations with thermally activated microencapsulated fire extinguishing agents.”

add clause 11.6 with the following content:

“11.6 Self-contained fire extinguishing installations are recommended to be used to protect electrical equipment in accordance with the technical characteristics of the electrical equipment.”

6) In section 13:

clause 13.1.11 should be stated as follows:

“13.1.11 Fire detectors should be used in accordance with the requirements of this set of rules, other regulatory documents on fire safety, as well as technical documentation for specific types of detectors.

The design of detectors must ensure their safety in relation to the external environment in accordance with the requirements.

The type and parameters of detectors must ensure their resistance to the effects of climatic, mechanical, electromagnetic, optical, radiation and other environmental factors at the locations where the detectors are located.”

clause 13.2.2 should be stated as follows:

“13.2.2 The maximum number and area of premises protected by one address line with addressable fire detectors or addressable devices is determined by the technical capabilities of the receiving and control equipment, the technical characteristics of the detectors included in the line and does not depend on the location of the premises in the building.

Addressable fire alarm loops together with addressable fire detectors can include addressable input/output devices, addressable control modules for addressless loops with addressable fire detectors included in them, short-circuit separators, and addressable actuators. The possibility of including addressable devices in an addressable loop and their number are determined by the technical characteristics of the equipment used, given in the manufacturer’s technical documentation.

Addressable security detectors or addressless security detectors through addressable devices can be included in the address lines of control devices, provided that the necessary algorithms for the operation of fire and security systems are provided.”

clause 13.3.6 shall be stated as follows:

“13.3.6 The placement of point heat and smoke fire detectors should be made taking into account the air flows in the protected room caused by supply and/or exhaust ventilation, and the distance from the detector to the ventilation opening should be at least 1 m. In the case of using aspiration fire detectors the distance from the air intake pipe with holes to the ventilation hole is regulated by the amount of permissible air flow for this type

detectors in accordance with the technical documentation for the detector.

The horizontal and vertical distance from the detectors to nearby objects and devices, to electric lamps, in any case must be at least 0.5 m. Fire detectors must be placed in such a way that nearby objects and devices (pipes, air ducts, equipment, etc.) prevented the impact of fire factors on the detectors, and sources of light radiation and electromagnetic interference did not affect the preservation of the detector’s functionality.”,

clause 13.3.8 shall be stated as follows:

“13.3.8 Point smoke and heat fire detectors should be installed in each ceiling compartment with a width of 0.75 m or more, limited by building structures (beams, purlins, slab ribs, etc.) protruding from the ceiling at a distance of more than 0.4 m.

If building structures protrude from the ceiling at a distance of more than 0.4 m, and the compartments they form are less than 0.75 m in width, the area controlled by fire detectors, indicated in tables 13.3 and 13.5, is reduced by 40%.

If there are protruding parts on the ceiling from 0.08 to 0.4 m, the area controlled by fire detectors, indicated in tables 13.3 and 13.5, is reduced by 25%.

The maximum distance between detectors along linear beams is determined according to tables 13.3 and 13.5, taking into account clause 13.3.10.”,

clause 13.15.9 shall be stated as follows:

“13.15.9 Connecting lines made with telephone and control cables that meet the requirements of clause 13.15.7 must have a reserve supply of cable cores and junction box terminals of at least 10%.,”

Paragraph one of clause 13.15.14 shall be stated as follows:

“13.15.14 It is not allowed to jointly lay fire alarm loops and connecting lines of fire automatic systems with voltages up to 60 V with lines with voltages of 110 V or more in one box, pipe, harness, closed channel of a building structure or on one tray.”,

Paragraph one of clause 13.15.15 shall be stated as follows:

“13.15.15 In case of parallel open installation, the distance from wires and cables of fire automatic systems with voltage up to 60 V to power and lighting cables must be at least 0.5 m.”

7) In section 14:

clause 14.2 shall be stated as follows:

“14.2 Generating control signals for type 1, 2, 3, 4 warning systems, smoke protection equipment, general ventilation and air conditioning, engineering equipment involved in ensuring the fire safety of the facility, as well as generating commands to turn off the power supply to consumers interlocked with the systems fire automatics, is allowed to be carried out when one fire detector is triggered, meeting the recommendations set out in Appendix P. In this case, at least two detectors are installed in the room (part of the room), connected according to the logical “OR” circuit. The placement of detectors is carried out at a distance no greater than the normative one.

When using detectors that additionally meet the requirements of clause 13.3.3 a), b), c), in a room (part of a room), it is allowed to install one

fire detector."

Clauses 14.4, 14.5 shall be amended as follows, respectively:

“14.4 In a room with round-the-clock presence of on-duty personnel, notifications about the malfunction of monitoring and control devices installed outside this room, as well as communication lines, control and management of technical means of warning people in case of fire and evacuation control, smoke protection, automatic fire extinguishing and others must be sent fire protection installations and devices.

The design documentation must identify the recipient of the fire notification to ensure that the tasks in accordance with Section 17 are completed.

At facilities of functional hazard class F 1.1 and F 4.1, fire notifications must be transmitted to fire departments via a duly allocated radio channel or other communication lines in automatic mode without the participation of facility personnel and any organizations broadcasting these signals. It is recommended to use technical means with resistance to electromagnetic interference of at least the 3rd degree of severity according to GOST R 53325-2009.

If there are no personnel on site on duty 24/7, fire notifications must be transmitted to fire departments via a duly designated radio channel or other communication lines in automatic mode.

At other facilities, if technically possible, it is recommended to duplicate automatic fire alarm signals about fire to fire departments via a duly allocated radio channel or other communication lines in automatic mode.

At the same time, measures must be taken to increase the reliability of fire notifications, for example, the transmission of “Attention”, “Fire” notifications, etc.

14.5 It is recommended that the smoke ventilation system be started from smoke or gas fire detectors, including if a fire extinguishing sprinkler system is used at the facility.

The smoke ventilation system should be started from fire detectors:

if the response time of the automatic fire sprinkler installation is longer than the time required to activate the smoke ventilation system and ensure safe evacuation,

if the fire extinguishing agent (water) of the water fire extinguishing sprinkler installation makes it difficult to evacuate people.

In other cases, smoke ventilation systems may be switched on from a fire extinguishing sprinkler installation.”

8) Clause 15.1 of Section 15 should be stated as follows:

“15.1 In terms of the degree of ensuring the reliability of power supply, fire protection systems should be classified as Category I in accordance with the Electrical Installation Rules, with the exception of compressor electric motors, drainage and foam pumps, which belong to Category III of power supply, as well as the cases specified in paragraphs. 15.3, 15.4.

Power supply of fire protection systems for buildings of functional fire hazard class F1.1 with round-the-clock occupancy

should be provided from three independent mutually redundant power sources, one of which should be autonomous electric generators.”

9) In Appendix A:

paragraph A.2 should be stated as follows:

“A.2 In this annex, a building means a building as a whole or a part of a building (fire compartment), separated by fire walls and fire resistant ceilings of the 1st type.

The standard indicator of room area in Section III of this appendix means the area of a part of a building or structure allocated by enclosing structures classified as fire barriers with a fire resistance limit: partitions - not less than EI 45, walls and ceilings - not less than REI 45. For buildings and structures, in which there are no parts (premises) allocated by enclosing structures with the specified fire resistance limit, the standard indicator of room area in Section III of this appendix means the area allocated by the external enclosing structures of a building or structure.”

in table A. 1:

paragraphs 4, 5 and 6 shall be stated as follows, respectively:

4 Buildings and structures for cars:

4.1 Closed parking lots

4.1.2 Above-ground single-story

Regardless of area and number of floors

Object of protection
Object of protection	Standard indicator


4.1.1 Underground, above-ground 2 floors or more

4.1.2.1 Buildings of I, II, III degrees of fire resistance	With a total area of 7000 sq.m or more	With a total area of less than 7000 sq.m.
4.1.2.2 Buildings of IV fire resistance class, structural fire hazard class CO	With a total area of 3600 sq.m or more	With a total area of less than 3600 sq.m.
4.1.2.3 Buildings of IV fire resistance class, structural fire hazard class C1	With a total area of 2000 sq.m or more	With a total area of less than 2000 sq.m.
4.1.2.4 Buildings of IV degree of fire resistance, structural fire hazard class C2, SZ	With a total area of 1000 sq.m or more	With a total area of less than 1000 sq.m.
4.1.3 Mechanical parking buildings
4.2 For maintenance and

footnote “2)” should be worded as follows:

“2) AUPS fire detectors are installed in the hallways of apartments and are used to open valves and turn on fans of air supply and smoke removal units. Residential premises of apartments in residential buildings with a height of three floors or more should be equipped with autonomous optoelectronic smoke detectors.”, in table A.3:

paragraph 6 should be included in the section “Production premises”, excluding it from the section “Warehouse premises”,

paragraph 35 should be stated as follows:

add footnote “5)” with the following content.

1 area of use
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 General provisions
5 Water and foam fire extinguishing systems
5.1 Fundamentals
5.2 Sprinkler installations
5.3 Deluge plants
5.4 Water mist fire extinguishing installations
5.5 Sprinkler AUP with forced start
5.6 Sprinkler-drencher AUP
5.7 Installation piping
5.8 Control nodes
5.9 Water supply to installations and preparation of foam solution
5.10 Pumping stations
6 High expansion foam fire extinguishing installations
6.1 Scope of application
6.2 Classification of installations
6.3 Design
7 Robotic fire complex
7.1 Fundamentals
7.2 Requirements for installing the RPK fire alarm system
8 Gas fire extinguishing installations
8.1 Scope of application
8.2 Classification and composition of installations
8.3 Fire extinguishing agents
8.4 General requirements
8.5 Volumetric fire extinguishing installations
8.6 Quantity of gas extinguishing agent
8.7 Timing characteristics
8.8 Vessels for gas extinguishing agent
8.9 Piping
8.10 Incentive systems
8.11 Attachments
8.12 Fire extinguishing station
8.13 Local starting devices
8.14 Requirements for protected premises
8.15 Local fire extinguishing installations by volume
8.16 Safety requirements
9 Modular powder fire extinguishing installations
9.1 Scope of application
9.2 Design
9.3 Requirements for protected premises
9.4 Safety requirements
10 Aerosol fire extinguishing installations
10.1 Scope of application
10.2 Design
10.3 Requirements for protected premises
10.4 Safety requirements
11 Autonomous fire extinguishing systems
12 Control equipment for fire extinguishing installations
12.1 General requirements for control equipment of fire extinguishing installations
12.2 General signaling requirements
12.3 Water and foam fire extinguishing installations. Requirements for control equipment. Signaling requirements
12.4 Gas and powder fire extinguishing installations. Requirements for control equipment. Signaling requirements
12.5 Aerosol fire extinguishing installations. Requirements for control equipment. Signaling requirements
12.6 Water mist extinguishing installations. Requirements for control equipment. Signaling requirements
13 Fire alarm systems
13.1 General provisions when choosing types of fire detectors for the protected object
13.2 Requirements for the organization of fire alarm control zones
13.3 Placement of fire detectors
13.4. Spot smoke detectors
13.5 Linear smoke detectors
13.6 Point heat fire detectors
13.7 Linear thermal fire detectors
13.8 Flame detectors
13.9 Aspirating smoke detectors
13.10 Gas fire detectors
13.11 Autonomous fire detectors
13.12 Flow-through fire detectors
13.13 Manual call points
13.14 Fire alarm control and control devices, fire control devices. Equipment and its placement. Room for duty personnel
13.15 Fire alarm loops. Connecting and supply lines of fire automatic systems
14 Interrelation of fire alarm systems with other systems and engineering equipment of facilities
15 Power supply for fire alarm systems and fire extinguishing installations
16 Protective grounding and grounding. Safety requirements
17 General provisions taken into account when choosing fire automatic equipment
Appendix A (mandatory) List of buildings, structures, premises and equipment subject to protection by automatic fire extinguishing installations and automatic fire alarms
Appendix B (mandatory) Groups of premises (industrial and technological processes) according to the degree of fire hazard depending on their functional purpose and fire load of combustible materials
Appendix B (recommended) Methodology for calculating the parameters of the fire control system for surface fire extinguishing with water and low expansion foam
Appendix D (recommended) Methodology for calculating the parameters of high-expansion foam fire extinguishing installations
Appendix E (mandatory) Initial data for calculating the mass of gaseous fire extinguishing agents
Appendix E (recommended) Methodology for calculating the mass of gas fire extinguishing agent for gas fire extinguishing installations when extinguishing by volumetric method
Appendix G (recommended) Methodology for hydraulic calculation of low-pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing installations
Appendix 3 (recommended) Methodology for calculating the opening area for relieving excess pressure in rooms protected by gas fire extinguishing installations
Appendix I (recommended) General provisions for the calculation of modular type powder fire extinguishing installations
Appendix K (mandatory) Methodology for calculating automatic aerosol fire extinguishing installations
Appendix L (mandatory) Methodology for calculating excess pressure when supplying fire extinguishing aerosol to a room
Appendix M (recommended) Selection of types of fire detectors depending on the purpose of the protected premises and the type of fire load
Appendix H (recommended) Installation locations of manual fire call points depending on the purpose of buildings and premises
Appendix O (informative) Determination of the established time for detecting a malfunction and eliminating it
Appendix P (recommended) Distances from the top point of the ceiling to the detector measuring element
Appendix P (recommended) Methods for increasing the reliability of a fire signal
Bibliography

MINISTRY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FOR CIVIL DEFENSE, EMERGENCIES AND DISASTER ELIMINATION

ORDER

01.06.2011 № 000

Moscow

On approval of amendment No. 1 to the set of rules SP 5.13130.2009 “Fire protection systems. Fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations are automatic. Design standards and rules”, approved by order of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations

In accordance with the Federal Law of 01/01/01 “Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements” (Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2008, No. 30 (Part 1), Article 3579), Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 01/01/01 No. 000 “Issues of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Disaster Relief” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2004, No. 28, Art. 2882; 2005, No. 43, Art. 4376; 2008, No. 17, Art. 1814, No. 43, Article 4921, No. 47, Article 5431; 2009, No. 22, Article 2697, No. 51, Article 6285; 2010, No. 19, Article 2301, No. 20, Article 2435, No. 51 (Part 3), Article 6903; 2011, No. 1, Article 193, Article 194, No. 2, Article 267), Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 01.01.01 No. 000 “On the procedure for development and approval sets of rules" (Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2008, No. 48, Art. 5608) and in order to ensure compliance of certain provisions (requirements, indicators) of the set of rules SP 5.13130.2009 with the interests of the national economy, the state of the material and technical base and scientific progress, I order:

Approve and put into effect from June 20, 2011 the attached amendment No. 1 to the set of rules SP 5.13130.2009 “Fire protection systems. Fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations are automatic. Design standards and rules”, approved by order of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations.


Director of the Administrative Department

Application

to the order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia

from 01.06.11 No. 000

Change #1

to SP 5.13130.2009

OKS 13.220.01

CHANGE No. 1 to the set of rules SP 5.13130.2009 “Fire protection systems. Fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations are automatic. Design norms and rules"

Regardless of area and number of floors

4.2 For maintenance and repair

Object of protection

Standard indicator

5 Buildings with a height of more than 30 m (except for residential buildings and industrial buildings of categories G and D for fire hazard)

Regardless of area

6 Residential buildings:

6.1 Dormitories, specialized residential buildings for the elderly and disabled1)

Regardless of area

6.2 Residential buildings with a height of more than 28 m 2)

Regardless of area

footnote “2)” should be worded as follows:

paragraph 6 should be included in the section “Production premises”, excluding it from the section “Warehouse premises”;

paragraph 35 should be stated as follows:

Object of protection
Standard indicator
35 Accommodation premises:
35.1 Electronic computers (computers), automated process control equipment, operating in control systems for complex technological processes, the violation of which affects the safety of people5)	Regardless of area
35.2 Communication processors (server), archives of magnetic media, plotters, printing information on paper (printer)5)	24 m2 or more	Less than 24 m2
35.3 To place personal computers on user desktops		Regardless of area

add footnote “5)” with the following content:

“5) In the cases provided for in paragraph 8.15.1 of this set of rules, for premises requiring automatic gas fire extinguishing installations, it is allowed not to use such installations, provided that all electronic and electrical equipment is protected by autonomous fire extinguishing installations, and an automatic fire extinguishing system is installed in the premises signaling."; in table A.4:

add paragraph 8 with the following content:

add footnote “1)” with the following content:

“The listed equipment is subject to protection by autonomous fire extinguishing installations.”;

add the following note:

“Note: Electrical installations located on stationary above-ground and underground metro facilities should be protected by autonomous fire extinguishing installations.”;

Appendix D should be supplemented with paragraphs D11-D15 with the following content, respectively:

	GOST, TU, OST

D. 12 Standard volumetric fire extinguishing concentration of freon CF3CF2C(0)CF(CF3)2.

The vapor density at P = 101.3 kPa and T = 20 °C is 13.6 kg/m3.

UDC 614.841.3:006.354 OKS 13.220.01

Key words: fire spread, protection objects, public buildings, industrial and warehouse buildings, high-rise buildings

Head of the Federal State Institution VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia
Head of the Research Center for PP and PChSP FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia
Head of Development
Performers Leading researcher at the Federal State Institution VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia

Name of combustible material	GOST, TU, OST	Standard volumetric fire extinguishing concentration, % (vol.)

D. 13 Standard volumetric fire extinguishing concentration of freon 217J1 (C3F7J).

The vapor density at P = 101.3 kPa and T-20 °C is 12.3 kg/m3.

Name of combustible material	GOST, TU, OST	Standard volumetric fire extinguishing concentration, % (vol.)

D. 14 Standard volumetric fire extinguishing concentration of freon CF3J. The vapor density at P = 101.3 kPa and T = 20 °C is 8.16 kg/m3.

Name of combustible material	GOST, TU, OST	Standard volumetric fire extinguishing concentration, % (vol.)

D. 15 Standard volumetric fire extinguishing concentration of the Argonite gas composition (nitrogen (N2) - 50% (vol.); argon (Ar) - 50% (vol.).

The vapor density at P - 101.3 kPa and T - 20 °C is 1.4 kg/m3.

Name of combustible material	GOST, TU, OST	Standard volumetric fire extinguishing concentration, % (vol.)

Note - The standard volumetric fire extinguishing concentration of the above listed gas extinguishing agents for extinguishing a class A2 fire should be taken equal to the standard volumetric fire extinguishing concentration for extinguishing n-heptane.”;

OKS 13.220.10 UDC614.844.4:006.354

Key words: autonomous fire extinguishing installation, automatic fire alarm, fire extinguishing agent, protected object

Head of the development organization FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia Boss FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia
Head of Development Head of Research Center PST FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia
Performers
Head of Department 2.4 FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia
Head of Department 3.4 FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia
Deputy Head of Department 2.3 FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia