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INTERINDUSTRY RULES ON OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY WHEN WORKING AT HEIGHT - RM-012-2000 (approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation dated 04-10-2000 68)... Relevant in 2018

2.2. Requirements for scaffolding and scaffolding

2.2.1. Work at height is carried out from scaffolding, scaffolding or using other devices and means of scaffolding that provide conditions for safe work.

2.2.2. Scaffolding and scaffolding must comply with the requirements of GOST 24258-88, GOST 27321-87.

2.2.3. Scaffolding, scaffolding and other devices for performing work at height must be manufactured according to standard designs and taken into inventory by the organization.

Inventory scaffolding and scaffolding must have a manufacturer's passport.

The use of non-inventory scaffolding is allowed in exceptional cases and their construction must be carried out according to an individual project with calculations of all the main elements for strength, and the scaffolding as a whole - for stability. The project must be endorsed by an employee of the labor protection service and approved by the chief engineer (technical director) of the organization.

2.2.4. The mass of assembly elements per worker during manual assembly of scaffolding equipment should be no more than:

25 kg - when installing scaffolding at height;

50 kg - when installing scaffolding equipment on the ground or ceiling (with subsequent installation of them into working position by installation cranes, winches, etc.).

2.2.5. Box-shaped and tubular scaffolding elements must be made in such a way as to prevent the accumulation of moisture in their internal cavities.

2.2.6. Scaffolding facilities, the working floor of which is located at a height of 1.3 m or more from the surface of the ground or ceiling, must have railings and side guards.

2.2.7. Steel structures of scaffolding facilities must be primed and painted. Painting of scaffolding means must comply with the requirements of GOST 12.4.026-76.

2.2.8. Scaffolding and scaffolding can be wooden or metal collapsible.

Wooden scaffolding and scaffolding are made from dry coniferous and deciduous wood of at least grade 2 according to GOST 8486-86, subjected to antiseptic protection.

2.2.9. Wooden deck boards and scaffolding side railings are deeply impregnated with a fire retardant compound. Nails in wooden decking panels are driven under the head and bent.

2.2.10. The service life of inventory scaffolding must be at least 5 years.

2.2.11. Scaffolding is equipped with stairs or ramps securely attached to them, providing safe ways for workers to enter and exit the scaffolding.

2.2.12. The ground surface on which scaffolding means are installed must be leveled (leveled and compacted) to ensure the drainage of surface water from it.

2.2.13. In cases where it is impossible to meet these requirements, the scaffolding means must be equipped with adjustable supports (jacks) to ensure horizontal installation, or temporary support structures must be installed to ensure the horizontal installation of the scaffolding means.

2.2.14. Forests and their elements:

a) must ensure the safety of workers during installation and dismantling;

b) must be prepared and installed in accordance with the design, have dimensions, strength and stability appropriate for their purpose;

c) railings and other safety structures, platforms, decks, consoles, supports, crossbars, stairs and ramps must be easy to install and securely fastened;

2.2.15. Scaffolding is designed for maximum load with a safety factor of at least 4.

2.2.16. Scaffolding not intended for independent use is rigidly attached to buildings, installations, and structures with horizontal and vertical spacing of attachment points specified in the technical documentation of the manufacturer.

2.2.17. In the absence of instructions for fastening scaffolding means in the work design or in the manufacturer's instructions, fastening scaffolding to the walls of buildings (objects) is carried out through at least one tier for the outer racks, through two spans for the upper tier and one fastening for every 50 sq. m projection of the scaffolding surface onto the façade of the building (facility).

It is not allowed to attach scaffolding to parapets, cornices, balconies and other protruding parts of buildings and structures.

2.2.18. Scaffolding facilities located near vehicle passages are protected by fender bars in such a way that the dimensions of vehicles do not approach them at a distance closer than 0.6 m.

2.2.19. Scaffolding and devices used as supports for working platforms and decks must have a solid structure, a stable base, and have an appropriate system of struts and rigid elements, fixedly fixed, to ensure stability.

2.2.20. Loads acting on scaffolding means during the work process should not exceed those calculated according to the project or technical specifications. If it is necessary to transfer additional loads to scaffolding and scaffolding (from machines for lifting materials, lifting platforms, etc.), their design must be checked for strength calculations and, if necessary, reinforced.

2.2.21. In places where workers climb onto scaffolding and scaffolding, posters are placed indicating the layout and magnitude of permissible loads, as well as the evacuation scheme for workers in the event of an emergency.

2.2.22. Metal scaffolding is made from straight metal pipes that do not have dents, cracks or other defects that impair the strength of the elements.

2.2.23. Collapsible metal scaffolding must have reliable connections for stackable risers.

2.2.24. For scaffolding, only metal fasteners (bolts, strings, clamps, staples, etc.) should be used.

2.2.25. Pipes, fittings, couplings used in tubular scaffolding must comply with the assortment and technical specifications.

Alloy and steel pipes should not be used simultaneously in scaffold construction.

Pipes must not have cracks, chips, excessive corrosion, or visually detectable curvature; the ends of the pipes must be strictly perpendicular to the axis of the pipe.

The couplings are made of forged steel, and they should not cause deformation of the pipes during assembly and disassembly.

The fittings and couplings must be free of defects and deformations and must be periodically lubricated.

2.2.26. To ensure stability, scaffolding posts are attached along their entire height to strong parts of the building (structure) or structure.

The locations and methods of fastening the racks are indicated in the work project.

2.2.27. It is not allowed to attach scaffolding and scaffolding to protruding and unstable parts of the building and structures and install scaffolding on structural elements without confirming their strength with a calculation.

If it is necessary to install scaffolding and scaffolding near hot surfaces or elements of equipment, the wooden parts of the scaffolding are protected from fire.

2.2.28. The load on the flooring of scaffolding, scaffolding of lifting platforms should not exceed the permissible values ​​​​established by the project (passport).

2.2.29. Congestion of people on the decks in one place is not allowed. If it is necessary to transfer additional loads to scaffolding (from lifting mechanisms, lifting platforms, etc.), their design must take these loads into account.

2.2.30. Floorings on scaffolding and scaffolding must have a flat surface with gaps between elements of no more than 5 mm and be attached to the crossbars of the scaffolding.

The ends of the joining elements of the decking are placed on supports with an overlap of at least 20 cm in each direction. To avoid the formation of thresholds, the ends of the overlapped elements are beveled.

The width of decking on scaffolding and scaffolding should be: for stone work - at least 2 m, for plastering - 1.5 m, for painting and installation work - 1 m.

At the same time, scaffolding means used for plastering or painting work in places under which other work is being carried out or where there is a passage must have a flooring without gaps.

2.2.31. When laying flooring elements (boards, boards) on supports (fingers, purlins), check the strength of their fastening and make sure that these elements cannot move.

2.2.32. The supports and hangers of the decks are designed with a sufficient margin of safety, allowing for the maximum possible number of workers and materials to be lifted onto them.

2.2.33. Racks, frames, support ladders and other vertical scaffolding elements are installed and secured with ties according to the design. The support risers are reliably strengthened from loosening with spacers and braces.

A solid (uncut) board lining with a thickness of at least 5 cm is laid under the ends of each pair of scaffolding posts in the transverse direction. The support pads are laid on a pre-planned and compacted surface.

Leveling the lining with bricks, stones, scrap boards and wedges is not allowed.

2.2.34. When performing work from scaffolding with a height of 6 m or more, there must be at least two floorings: working (upper) and protective (lower), and each workplace on scaffolding adjacent to a building or structure must, in addition, be protected from above by a flooring, located at a height distance of no more than 2 m from the working floor.

Work in several tiers along the same vertical line without intermediate protective flooring between them is not allowed.

In cases where the performance of work, the movement of people and vehicles under and near scaffolding is not envisaged, the installation of a protective (bottom) flooring is not necessary.

2.2.35. When the work is multi-tiered, to protect against falling objects, platforms, decks, scaffoldings, and scaffolding ladders are equipped with protective screens of sufficient strength and size.

2.2.36. Scaffolding is equipped with stairs or ladders for lifting and descending people, located at a distance of no more than 40 m from each other. On scaffolding less than 40 m long, at least two ladders or ladders are installed. The upper end of the ladder or ladder is secured to the crossbars of the scaffolding.

Openings in the scaffolding for exit from stairs are fenced. The angle of inclination of stairs should be no more than 60 degrees. to a horizontal surface. The slope of the ladder should be no more than 1:3.

2.2.37. To lift loads onto scaffolding, blocks, jib beams and other small mechanization equipment are used, which should be secured according to the design.

Openings for moving cargo must have four-sided barriers.

2.2.38. Near driveways, I install scaffolding equipment at a distance of at least 0.6 m from the vehicle dimensions.

2.2.39. Forests high<*>more than 4 m are allowed for operation after their acceptance by the commission with the execution of an act.

<*>The height of the scaffolding is measured from the level of the ground, floor or platform on which the scaffolding posts are installed.

The scaffolding acceptance certificate is approved by the chief engineer (technical director) of the organization accepting the scaffolding for operation. It is allowed to approve the acceptance certificate for scaffolding constructed by a contracting organization for its own needs by the head of the site (shop) of this organization.

Until the act is approved, work from scaffolding is not allowed.

2.2.40. Scaffolding and scaffolding with a height of up to 4 m are allowed for operation after their acceptance by the work manager or foreman with the appropriate entry being made in the Scaffolding and Scaffolding Acceptance and Inspection Log.

When accepting scaffolding and scaffolding, the following is checked: the presence of connections and fastenings that ensure stability and the strength of the fastening points of individual elements; serviceability of working decks and fences; verticality of the racks; reliability of support platforms and the presence of grounding (for metal scaffolding).

The curvature of the posts should be no more than 1.5 mm per 1 m of length.

2.2.41. In repair and maintenance organizations, the scaffolding is inspected daily by the work manager.

In construction and installation organizations, scaffolding is inspected daily by the work foreman (foreman) before starting work, and by a foreman or foreman at least once every 10 days.

The inspection results are recorded in the Scaffolding and Scaffolding Acceptance and Inspection Log.

2.2.42. When inspecting forests, it is established:

a) the presence or absence of defects and damage to scaffolding structural elements affecting their strength and stability;

b) strength and stability of forests;

c) the presence of necessary fences;

d) suitability of scaffolding for further work.

Inspections of scaffolding are carried out regularly within the time limits stipulated by the technical specifications for scaffolding, as well as every time after a break in operation, exposure to extreme weather or seismic conditions, or other circumstances that may affect their strength and stability.

2.2.43. Forests from which no work has been carried out for a month or more are subject to re-acceptance before resuming work. Additional inspection is required for forests located in the open air, after rain or thaw, which may affect the bearing capacity of the foundation underneath them, as well as after mechanical impacts. If deformations are detected, the scaffolding must be in good condition and accepted again in accordance with the requirements of paragraphs. 2.2.39 and 2.2.40 Regulations.

2.2.44. Floors and stairs of scaffolding and scaffolding must be periodically cleared of debris during work and daily after work, in winter - from snow and ice and, if necessary, sprinkled with sand.

2.2.45. Scaffolding and scaffolding from which work is temporarily not carried out should be maintained in good condition.

2.2.46. Work from random supports (boxes, barrels, etc.), as well as from trusses, rafters, etc. not allowed.

2.2.47. To avoid impacts on the scaffolding with a load suspended from the crane hook, turning the crane boom simultaneously with lifting (lowering) the load in the immediate vicinity of the scaffolding is not allowed.

The load should be lifted and lowered onto the deck at minimum speed, smoothly, without jolts.

2.2.48. Scaffolding is assembled and disassembled in accordance with the sequence specified in the work plan. Workers involved in the assembly and disassembly of scaffolding must be instructed on the methods and sequence of work and safety measures.

Access for unauthorized persons (not directly involved in these works) to the area where scaffolding and scaffolding is being installed or dismantled must be closed.

2.2.49. Metal scaffolding is not allowed to be installed closer than 5 m from electrical network masts and operating equipment. Electrical wires located closer than 5 m from the scaffolding must be de-energized and grounded, or enclosed in boxes, or dismantled during their installation or disassembly.

2.2.50. During work at height, the passage under the work site must be closed and the dangerous area must be fenced and marked with safety signs in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12.4.026-76.

Scaffolding located at passages into the building is equipped with protective canopies with continuous side cladding to protect people from objects accidentally falling from above.

Protective canopies must protrude beyond the scaffolding by at least 1.5 m and have a slope of 20 degrees. towards the forests.

The height of clear passages must be at least 1.8 m.

2.2.51. When organizing a mass passage in the immediate vicinity of scaffolding means, the places where people pass are equipped with a continuous protective canopy, and the façade of the scaffolding is covered with a protective mesh with a cell size of no more than 5 x 5 mm.

2.2.52. The gap between the wall of the building or equipment and the working floor of the scaffolding installed near it should not exceed 50 mm for masonry and 150 mm for finishing work.

When performing thermal insulation work, the gap between the insulated surface and the working flooring should not exceed twice the thickness of the insulation plus 50 mm. Gaps of more than 50 mm must be closed in all cases when no work is being done.

2.2.53. Partial dismantling of scaffolding and leaving it for work on it without taking appropriate safety measures is not allowed.

2.2.54. When using prefabricated scaffolding, you must follow the manufacturer's instructions, and frames of different types of scaffolding should not be used together.

Factory-made scaffolding must be equipped with fastening elements that ensure the rigidity of the scaffolding structure.

2.2.55. Scaffolds must be used for their intended purpose, and technical supervision is established over the conditions of their use in the organization.

2.2.56. When lifting heavy loads onto scaffolding or when moving them along the decking or scaffolding platform, it is necessary to avoid sharp impacts on the scaffolding structures.

The load on scaffolding should be distributed evenly, as far as possible.

When lifting loads onto scaffolding, it is necessary to provide insurance using a rigging rope to prevent impacts on the scaffolding.

2.2.57. Scaffolding should not be used for storing materials. Only those materials that are directly used (processed) are supplied to scaffolding.

2.2.58. Work on external scaffolding during thunderstorms, wind speeds of 15 m/s or more, heavy snowfall, fog, ice and other cases that threaten the safety of workers must be stopped.

2.2.59. During the dismantling of scaffolding adjacent to the building, all doorways on the first floor and exits to the balconies of all floors within the dismantled area are closed.

2.2.60. When operating mobile scaffolding equipment, the following requirements must be met:

a) the slope of the surface along which the scaffolding means is moved in the transverse and longitudinal directions must not exceed the values ​​​​specified in the passport or manufacturer's instructions for this type of scaffolding means;

b) movement of scaffolding equipment at a wind speed of more than 10 m/s is not allowed;

c) before moving, scaffolding must be cleared of materials and containers and there should be no people on them;

d) doors in scaffolding enclosures must open inward and have a double-acting locking device that protects them from spontaneous opening.

2.2.61. Suspended scaffolding and scaffolding after their installation can be approved for operation after testing with a static load that is 20% higher than the standard load, with holding under load for 1 hour and, if the results are positive, after subsequent testing in dynamic loading with a load that is 10% higher than the standard load .

The test results are reflected in the acceptance certificate for scaffolding, scaffolding or in the Logbook for acceptance and inspection of scaffolding and scaffolding.

2.2.62. In cases of repeated use of suspended scaffolding or scaffolding, they can be allowed for operation without testing, provided that the structure on which the scaffolding (scaffolding) is suspended is tested for a load that is at least twice the design load, and the scaffolding is secured with standard units ( devices) that can withstand the required tests.

2.2.63. To avoid swinging, suspended scaffolding must be attached to strong parts of the building (structure) or structures.

2.2.64. Laying the flooring on the fingers of suspended scaffolding and using it is allowed after the elements to which the scaffolding is suspended are firmly secured.

2.2.65. Strengthening the hooks, clamps and fingers of suspended scaffolding on the structural elements being mounted or repaired is carried out before they are lifted.

Before installation, hooks for hanging scaffolds are tested with a static load that is 2 times greater than the working load, with exposure under load for 15 minutes. The test results are documented in a report.

2.2.66. For mobile scaffolding, it is necessary to use steel ropes with a safety factor of at least nine times.

2.2.67. Cables (ropes) in places where they are connected to the cradle or to mobile scaffolding and the winch drum must be firmly secured. The movement of cables when lifting and lowering cradles and mobile scaffolds must be free. Friction of cables against protruding structures is not allowed. When moving cradles and scaffolding, it is necessary to ensure that the cable is wound correctly onto the winch drum.

2.2.68. Cradles and mobile scaffolds from which work is not carried out must be lowered to the ground.

2.2.69. Winches used to raise and lower cradles and mobile scaffolds must be supported on a foundation or provided with ballast to ensure their stability under double working loads. The ballast is firmly attached to the winch frame.

Access to winches by unauthorized persons is not permitted.

2.2.70. Hanging cradles must comply with the requirements of GOST 27372-87.

2.2.71. The drive must be controlled from the cradle by continuously pressing the control device button; when the pressing stops, the cradle drive must stop.

2.2.72. Hanging cradles have a four-sided fence with a height of at least 1.2 m, on the side of the work front - at least 1.0 m, and a side fence along the perimeter with a height of at least 0.15 m. The installation of doors in the cradle fence is prohibited. The hook for hanging the cradle is equipped with a safety lock to prevent it from falling.

2.2.73. Cradles must be equipped with a limit switch that automatically turns off the drive motor when the cradle approaches the console installed at the top at a distance of 0.5 - 0.6 m.

2.2.74. Cradle winches are equipped with two brakes that operate automatically and independently of each other when the winch engine is turned off.

2.2.75. The drive of the cradles must have a device for manually lowering them.

2.2.76. Every day before work, the condition of the cradles, mobile scaffolding and ropes is checked and a test is carried out to simulate a break in the working rope.

2.2.77. Hanging cradles, in addition to the general requirements for scaffolding, must meet the following special requirements:

a) platforms of cradles must have dimensions that ensure the stability of the structure as a whole;

b) the number of anchors for the cradle suspensions must be comparable to the dimensions of the platform;

c) the safety of workers must be ensured by an additional rope with its fastening regardless of the attachment points of the cradle suspension ropes;

d) anchors and other elements of support for hanging cradles must have adequate strength;

e) ropes, winches, blocks or hoists are designed, manufactured and operated in accordance with the requirements for the design and operation of lifting mechanisms intended for lifting people;

f) the flooring of the cradles must be continuous;

g) cradles are equipped with catchers. The maximum fall of the cradle before it is stopped by its catchers should be no more than 0.15 m.

2.2.78. After manufacturing, each assembly of metal structures of supporting, suspended and mobile scaffolding and cradles is subjected to control and testing, for which an acceptance certificate must be drawn up. After this, a control assembly of the scaffolding is carried out, which is additionally checked and tested.

2.2.79. The control assembly of the supporting scaffolding should be carried out without much effort, and the following should be checked:

correct installation of all components by external inspection;

vertical installation of racks using a plumb line (the angle of inclination should be no more than 1 degree);

ease of connection of crossbars, handrails (barriers) and sides with racks;

the tight fit of the ladder hooks to the crossbars, and the lower ends to the floorings;

reliability of installation and fastening of racks;

reliability of fastening the fencing of openings on crossbars and decking;

the presence of sides that prevent the possibility of falling of tools, pieces of material, etc.

Floorings must comply with the requirements of clause 2.2.30 of the Rules.

2.2.80. Testing of supporting and suspended scaffolding after control assembly is carried out with a load of 2.5 kPa (250 kgf/sq. m) uniformly distributed over the upper tier and held under load for 10 minutes. After the test, the scaffolding is dismantled. All their elements should be disassembled without significant effort. The elements are checked for the integrity of welds, the absence of residual deformations, and the constancy of geometric shapes and sizes. Detected defects must be eliminated and the tests repeated. A report is drawn up on the test results.

2.2.81. Manufactured cradles are inspected and tested. During inspection, special attention is paid to the correctness and reliability of fastening of drives, catchers and other components.

2.2.82. Cradles are tested with a static load exceeding the calculated load by 50%. During testing, the cradle is raised to a height of 100 - 200 mm and maintained in this position for 10 minutes. After this, the cradle is lowered and the condition of its components (frame, drive, catchers, etc.) and parts is checked. Permanent deformation is not allowed. During dynamic testing with a load exceeding the design load by 10%, it is necessary to evenly lower and raise the cradle (without contact with the floor) to check the interaction of components, drives and braking devices. When testing catchers, at least three tests should be carried out to simulate the break of each load (working) rope, while the safety rope should be clamped by the catchers. Testing of cradle catchers is carried out with a load equal to the carrying capacity of the cradle, and at least three times at different lifting heights of the cradle.

After the test, the cradle must be lowered and the condition of its components and parts checked. Detected defects are eliminated and the test is repeated. A report is drawn up on the test results.

Mobile scaffolding is tested similarly to cradles.

2.2.83. Mounted suspended scaffolding is allowed for operation after testing it for 1 hour with a static load exceeding the design load by 20%.

Mobile scaffolding, in addition, is tested by a dynamic load exceeding the design load by 10%.

The results of scaffolding tests are reflected in the act of their acceptance and in the Log of Acceptance and Inspection of scaffolding and scaffolding.

In cases of repeated use of suspended scaffolding, they can be allowed for operation without testing, provided that the structure on which the scaffolding is suspended is tested with a load exceeding the design load by at least 2 times, and the scaffolding is secured with standard units (devices) that have passed the tests.

2.2.84. When moving mobile scaffolds there should be no materials, containers or debris on them.

Workers are not allowed to be on moving scaffolding.

2.2.85. During breaks in work, leaving mobile scaffolding in a raised state is not allowed.

2.2.86. Mobile scaffolding must comply with the requirements of GOST 28012-89.

2.2.87. The scaffolding as a whole, the flooring of the working platform and other load-bearing elements of the scaffolding must withstand a static load of 1.25 times the standard of 2000 N/sq. m (200 kgf/sq. m).

2.2.88. All load-bearing horizontal elements of the scaffold must withstand a concentrated static load of 1300 N (130 kgf) applied in the middle of the element, railings - 700 N (70 kgf).

2.2.89. The height of the scaffold railing must be at least 1.1 m, the side railing of the working platform deck must be at least 0.15 m.

2.2.90. For lifting and lowering people, the scaffolding is equipped with stairs.

2.2.91. Each wheel of the scaffold running gear must be equipped with a braking device.

2.2.92. Mobile scaffolds must have a sign containing the trademark and name of the manufacturer, symbol of the scaffold, serial number, and date of manufacture.

8.8.1. When performing work at height, strong scaffolding must be installed to organize workplaces at different levels and scaffolding for performing work that requires moving workplaces along the work front.

8.8.2. Scaffolding, scaffolding and other devices for performing work at height must be manufactured according to standard designs and taken into inventory. Inventory scaffolding and scaffolding must have a manufacturer's passport. The use of non-inventory scaffolding is allowed in exceptional cases and their construction must be carried out according to an individual project.

8.8.3. Scaffolding facilities, the working floor of which is located at a height of 1.3 m or more from the surface of the ground or ceiling, must have railings and side guards. The distance between the horizontal elements of the fence should be no more than 0.45 m or the fence should have a mesh, lattice, etc. filling. The distance between handrail posts should be no more than 2 m. Handrail elements should be attached to the posts from the inside.

The height of the fence railings must be at least 1.1 m.

The height of the side railing is at least 0.15 m.

The load-bearing elements of the work site fencing must withstand a load of at least 70 kgf.
Wooden panels and side railings for scaffolding and scaffolding, made from coniferous boards subjected to antiseptic protection, must be deeply impregnated with a fire retardant compound.

8.8.4. Flooring on scaffolds must have a flat surface with gaps between boards of no more than 5 mm. The overlap of panels is allowed only along their length, and the ends of the joined elements must be located on the support and overlap it by at least 20 cm in each direction. To avoid thresholds, the upper ends of the overlapped panels are beveled.

8.8.5. For decking, boards with a thickness of at least 50 mm should be used.

8.8.6. Communication between the tiers of scaffolding is carried out via rigidly fixed stairs.

8.8.7. When installing scaffolds with a height of more than 2.5 m, they must be attached to the wall.

8.8.8. The gap between the wall of the building and the working deck of the scaffold must not exceed 50 mm for masonry and 150 mm for finishing work, otherwise the gap must be closed.

8.8.9. The width of the decking on the scaffolding must be at least 2 m for stone ones; 1.5 m - for plaster; 1 m - for painting and installation work. When delivering bricks directly to the workplace, the width of the scaffolding is allowed to be at least 1.5 m.

8.8.10. In places where workers climb onto scaffolding and scaffolding, posters should be posted indicating their placement diagram and the magnitude of the permissible loads. The working platform of the scaffolding should be painted red, and the fence - yellow.

8.8.11. Tubular metal scaffolding must be provided with grounding devices and lightning protection.

8.8.12. The assembly and disassembly of scaffolding must be carried out under the guidance and supervision of the workman or foreman.

8.8.13. The ground surface on which the scaffolding is installed must be leveled, compacted and ensured that atmospheric precipitation is drained from it.

8.8.14. The work foreman inspects the scaffolding before the start of each work shift, the person appointed responsible for the safe organization of work at height inspects the scaffolding at least once every 10 work shifts.

The inspection results are recorded in the scaffolding and scaffolding inspection and inspection log.

8.8.15. When inspecting forests, it is established:

8.8.16. Scaffolding and scaffolding with a height of up to 4 m are allowed for operation only after their acceptance by the work manager with a note in the log of acceptance and inspection of scaffolding and scaffolding.

8.8.17. Periodic inspections of the scaffolding must be carried out daily by the work supervisor (foreman) and the work foreman before starting work.

8.8.18. Until the scaffolding acceptance results are approved, work from the scaffolding is not allowed.

8.8.19. When inspecting scaffolding and scaffolding, the following is checked for compliance with the manufacturer’s passport:

The presence or absence of defects and damage to scaffolding structural elements that affect their strength and stability;

Strength and stability of forests;

Availability of necessary fences;

Serviceability of working floors and fences, verticality of racks. The curvature of the posts should be no more than 1.5 mm per 1 m of length;

Reliability of support platforms;

Availability of grounding (for metal scaffolding);

Suitability of scaffolding for further work.

8.8.20. Forests from which no work has been carried out for a month or more are subject to re-acceptance before resuming work.

8.8.21. Floors and stairs of scaffolding and scaffolding must be periodically cleared of debris during work and daily after work, and in winter - cleared of snow and ice and, if necessary, sprinkled with sand.

8.8.22. Working from random stands (boxes, barrels) is not allowed.

8.8.23. Loads on the scaffolding should not exceed the permissible values ​​established by the project (data sheet).

8.8.24. Congestion of people on the decks in one place is not allowed.

8.8.25. Approaches to ladders and stepladders of scaffolding are not permitted to be obstructed.

8.8.26. Access to people in the area where scaffolding and scaffolding is being installed or dismantled must be prohibited.

Related information.

2.5.1. Scaffolding and scaffolding must comply with the requirements of SNiP III-4-80*. Rules for production and acceptance of work. Safety precautions in construction, GOST 24258-88. Scaffolding means. General technical conditions, GOST 28012-89. Mobile dismountable scaffolding. Technical conditions.

2.5.2. Scaffolding, scaffolding and other devices for performing work at height must be inventory and manufactured according to standard designs.

Inventory scaffolding, scaffolding and cradles must have passports of the manufacturer's plant (enterprise).

Non-inventory scaffolding is allowed in exceptional cases and must be constructed according to an individual project, provided that calculations are made for their stability, as well as for the strength of all their main elements. The project must have a visa for an engineer-inspector for safety and industrial sanitation.

The scaffolding design must be approved by the chief engineer of the enterprise or organization that developed it, as well as the chief engineer of the enterprise or organization that issued it for production.

2.5.3. Scaffolding and scaffolding can be made of collapsible metal or wood.

If it is necessary to install scaffolding and scaffolding near hot surfaces or elements of equipment, the wooden parts of the scaffolding must be protected from fire.

2.5.4. The load on the flooring of scaffolding, scaffolding and lifting platforms should not exceed the permissible limit established by the design (data sheet). There must be posters on scaffolding and scaffolding indicating the permissible load and its placement diagram.

Congestion of people on the decks in one place is not allowed. If it is necessary to transfer additional loads to scaffolding (from machines for lifting materials, lifting platforms, etc.), their design must take these loads into account.

2.5.5. Scaffolding and scaffolding decks located at a height of 1.3 m or higher from the ground level or ceilings must have fences consisting of posts, fence railings with a height of at least 1.1 m, one intermediate horizontal element or mesh and a side board with a height of at least 0.15 m. The distance between the handrail posts should be no more than 2 m.

Fences and railings must withstand a concentrated static load of 700 N (70 kgf).

Decks on scaffolds and scaffolds must be attached to their crossbars. Side boards should be installed on the flooring, and railing elements should be attached to the posts from the inside. Handrails of wooden railings must be planed.

Floorings and stairs of scaffolding and scaffolding should be periodically cleared of debris during work and daily after work; in winter, of snow and ice and, if necessary, sprinkled with sand.

2.5.6. It is prohibited to throw dismantled parts of equipment (pipes, parts of casing, insulation, etc.) and debris from a height. Dismantled parts of equipment and debris should be removed mechanically in closed boxes and containers or through closed chutes.

2.5.7. Scaffolding with a height of more than 4 m is allowed for use only after it has been accepted by the commission and a certificate has been issued.

If repairs are carried out by a contracting organization from the scaffoldings it constructs, they are accepted into operation by a commission appointed by order of the head of the contracting organization (site). In this case, the commission is headed by an engineering and technical employee of the contracting organization.

When scaffolding is constructed by an energy enterprise or on its order from one of the contractors, they are accepted into operation by a commission appointed by order of the enterprise and headed by an engineer and technical employee of the energy enterprise. The commission also includes representatives of other contract repair organizations whose personnel will work from these scaffolds.

The scaffolding acceptance certificate is approved by the chief engineer of the organization accepting the scaffolding for operation. The act is kept by the work manager for the general work order (work order). It is allowed to approve the acceptance certificate for scaffolding constructed by a contract repair organization for its own needs by the head of the site (shop) of this organization.

Until the act is approved, work from scaffolding is not allowed.

2.5.8. When working with scaffolds from several contracting organizations, the organization that accepted them into operation bears responsibility for the condition of the scaffolds.

2.5.9. Scaffolding and scaffolding with a height of up to 4 m are allowed for operation only after their acceptance by the work manager with an entry in the “Acceptance and Inspection Log of scaffolding and scaffolding” (Appendix 4).

2.5.10. Forests from which no work has been carried out for a month or more, as well as after rain or thaw in the cold season, causing deformation of their base, must be corrected and accepted again.

2.5.11. During the operation of the forest, the work manager must inspect it daily and record the inspection results in a journal.

When working with the scaffolding of several contracting organizations according to orders or intermediate orders, the scaffolding must be inspected daily by each work manager for the order or intermediate order and recording the inspection results in a journal.

The log should be kept by the work manager for the general work order (work order).

2.5.12. Working from random stands (boxes, barrels, boards, etc.) is prohibited.

2.5.13. If it is necessary to carry out short-term work (hanging rigging devices, etc.) at a height of 1.3 m or higher from the floor level (working platform) without scaffolding, the use of safety belts is mandatory. Workers must be instructed how and where to climb, and what to attach safety belts to with carabiners.

Safety belts must be labeled with the date of the next test. If there is no test mark, the test period has expired, or if a defect is discovered during inspection, the use of safety belts is prohibited.

2.5.14. To avoid impacts on the scaffolding with a load suspended from the crane hook, turning its boom simultaneously with lifting (lowering) the load in the immediate vicinity of the scaffolding is prohibited.

The load should be lifted and lowered onto the deck at minimum speed, smoothly, without jolts.

2.5.15. The assembly and disassembly of scaffolding must be carried out one by one under the guidance and supervision of the work foreman in compliance with the sequence provided for by the work project. Workers involved in the assembly and disassembly of scaffolding must be instructed by the work manager on the method and sequence of work and safety measures.

Access for unauthorized people to the area where scaffolding and scaffolding is being installed or dismantled must be prohibited.

2.5.16. During work at heights, passage below must be prohibited and the danger zone must be fenced off.

When working on grated platforms, a dense plank flooring must be made to prevent tools and materials from falling from them.

2.5.17. When combining work vertically, the lower-lying workplaces must be equipped with appropriate protective devices (flooring, nets, canopies, etc.) installed at a vertical distance of no more than 6 m from the higher-lying workplace.

When performing work from scaffolding with a height of 6 m or more, there must be at least two floorings: working (upper) and protective (lower). Each workplace on scaffolding adjacent to a building or structure must, in addition, be protected from above by a deck located at a height of no more than 2 m from the worker.

2.5.18. Electrical wires located at a distance of less than 5 m from metal scaffolding must be de-energized and grounded, or enclosed in a box, or dismantled during installation or dismantling of the scaffolding.

2.5.19. Scaffolding and scaffolding from which work is temporarily not carried out should be maintained in good condition.

2.5.20. Persons at least 18 years of age who have no medical contraindications, with at least 1 year of experience in steeplejack work and a tariff category of at least third are allowed to perform independent steeplejack work. Workers admitted to steeplejack work for the first time must work for 1 year under the direct supervision of experienced workers appointed by order of the head of the enterprise.

2.5.21. Small-scale and short-term work at a height of up to 4 m can be performed from ladders and stepladders that meet the requirements of GOST 26887-86. Platforms and stairs for construction and installation work. General technical conditions, GOST 27321-87. Rack-mounted, attached scaffolding for construction and installation work. Technical conditions.

When working at height from suspended, attached and sliding ladders, as well as from stepladders with upper platforms not protected by railings at least 1.1 m high, a safety belt should be used, which should be secured to the structure of the structure or to the ladder (stepladder), provided securely fastening it to the structure.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1)

2.5.22 . It is prohibited to carry out welding work, work using electric and pneumatic tools, as well as work with construction and installation guns from portable ladders and stepladders. To perform such work, scaffolding or stepladders with upper platforms protected by railings should be used.

2.5.23. It is prohibited to lift or lower a load on a ladder or leave tools on it.

2.5.24. When working from an extension ladder in places with heavy traffic of vehicles or people, to prevent the ladder from falling from accidental shocks, regardless of the presence of special tips at its ends, the installation site of the ladder should be fenced or guarded. In cases where it is not possible to secure a ladder when installing it on a smooth tiled floor, a worker wearing a hard hat should stand at the base of the ladder to hold it in a stable position. In other cases, it is prohibited to support the ladder below with your hands.

More than one person is prohibited from being on the steps of the stairs.

2.5.25. Suspended and mobile scaffolds and cradles for lifting people can be allowed for use only after they have been tested.

2.5.26. Winches used for raising and lowering scaffolding and cradles must comply with the requirements of the Rules for the Design and Safe Operation of Load-Lifting Cranes.

2.5.27. Cables (ropes) at the points where they are connected to the cradle or mobile scaffolding and the winch drum must be firmly secured. The movement of cables when lifting and lowering cradles and mobile scaffolds must be free. Friction of cables against protruding structures is not allowed. Winches and mobile scaffolds from which work is not carried out must be lowered to the ground. When moving cradles and scaffolding, it is necessary to ensure that the cable is wound correctly onto the winch drum.

2.5.28. Winches used to raise and lower cradles and mobile scaffolds must be supported on a foundation or provided with ballast to ensure their stability under double working loads. The ballast must be firmly attached to the winch frame.

Access to winches by unauthorized persons is prohibited.

2.5.29. Hanging cradles must have a four-sided fence with a height of at least 1.2 m. The installation of doors in the cradle fence is prohibited.

2.5.30. Every day before work, the condition of cradles, mobile scaffolding and ropes should be checked, and a test should be carried out to simulate a break in the working rope.

2.5.31. Suspended and mobile scaffolding, cradles, ladders and other devices must be subject to acceptance and periodic tests. The scope and program of acceptance and periodic tests must be established in the regulatory and technical documentation.

These instructions on labor protection during the operation of scaffolding, scaffolding, scaffolding and ladders are available for free viewing and downloading.

1. GENERAL OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

1.1. This Instruction provides basic requirements for labor protection during the operation of scaffolding, scaffolding, scaffolding and ladders.
1.2. Persons at least 18 years of age who have had special training, have passed a medical examination, tested their knowledge of labor protection requirements in the prescribed manner, and have received permission to work independently are allowed to operate scaffolding, scaffolding, scaffolding and ladders.
1.3. When operating scaffolding, scaffolding, scaffolding and ladders, exposure to the following dangerous and harmful production factors is possible:
- work at height;
— increased or decreased air temperature in the workplace, unfavorable conditions, gusts of wind;
— increased air humidity;
— collapse of loose structural elements of buildings and structures;
— sharp edges, burrs and uneven surfaces of equipment, tools, inventory.
1.4. All scaffolding equipment used to organize workers must be registered, have inventory numbers and plates indicating the date of the tests performed and the next ones.
1.5. When operating scaffolding, scaffolding, scaffolding and ladders, the worker is provided with special clothing, safety footwear, and personal protective equipment in accordance with current standards.
1.6. To protect against falls from height when operating scaffolding, scaffolding, scaffolding and ladders, it is necessary to use a safety belt.
1.7. When operating scaffolding, scaffolding, scaffolding and ladders, it is necessary to know and strictly comply with the requirements for labor protection, fire safety, and industrial sanitation.
1.8. When operating scaffolding, scaffolding, scaffolding and ladders, the employee notifies his immediate supervisor about any situation that threatens the life and health of people, about every accident that occurred at the workplace, about a deterioration in his health, including the manifestation of signs of an acute illness .
1.9. The presence of unauthorized persons in the workspace during the operation of scaffolding, scaffolding, scaffolding and ladders is not permitted.
1.10. The work must be carried out in accordance with technical projects and technical instructions.
1.11. When operating scaffolding, scaffolding, scaffolding and ladders, the employee must undergo training in labor protection in the form of: introductory briefing, initial briefing in the workplace and special training within the scope of the training program for the profession, including labor protection issues and the requirements of job responsibilities in the profession.
Before being allowed to work independently, an employee must undergo an internship under the guidance of an experienced employee.
1.12. When operating scaffolding, scaffolding, scaffolding and ladders, the employee must:
— comply with internal labor regulations and the established work and rest schedule;
- perform work that is part of his duties or assigned by the administration, provided that he is trained in the rules for the safe performance of this work;
— apply safe work practices;
— use and correctly apply personal and collective protective equipment;
- be able to provide first aid to victims.
1.13. When operating scaffolding, scaffolding, scaffolding and ladders, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of this instruction, as well as the requirements of the manufacturers' instructions for the operation of the protective equipment, tools and equipment used to ensure protection from the effects of hazardous and (or) harmful production factors associated with the nature work.
1.14. When working with power tools, you must have the appropriate electrical safety group.
1.15. Smoking and eating are allowed only in places specially designated for this purpose.
1.16. It is not allowed to perform work while intoxicated or in a state caused by the consumption of narcotic drugs, psychotropic, toxic or other intoxicating substances, as well as drink alcoholic beverages, use narcotic drugs, psychotropic, toxic or other intoxicating substances at the workplace or during work. time.
1.17. An employee who violates or fails to comply with labor safety instructions puts both himself and others at risk, and is therefore considered a violator of industrial discipline and may be subject to disciplinary action, and depending on the consequences, even criminal liability.

2. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS BEFORE STARTING WORK

2.1. Wear the protective clothing and safety shoes required by the relevant regulations. Overalls must be fastened. Prepare personal protective equipment (safety belts, cables, ropes, etc.), make sure they are in good working order, whether they have been tested and whether there are tags indicating the date of the last test.
2.2. Check the serviceability of scaffolding, scaffolding, ladders, stepladders.
2.3. Make sure there is sufficient lighting in the work area.
2.4. Stairs and stepladders must be inspected by the immediate supervisor of the work. Faulty ladders and stepladders must be replaced.
2.5. Stairs must meet the following requirements:
- the total length of wooden portable ladders in all cases should not exceed 5 m, and extension ladders used to perform non-labor-intensive work at height should be of such length that it is possible to work from a step located at a distance of at least 1 m from the upper end of the ladder ;
- wood used for the manufacture of stairs and stepladders must be seasoned and dry, without knots and cracks and treated with antiseptic and fire retardant compounds;
- the steps of wooden ladders and stepladders must be firmly inserted into the hollowed out and drilled holes in the bowstrings. The distance between steps should not exceed 0.4 m. The strings of stairs should be fastened with tie bolts at least every 2 m, as well as under the upper and lower steps;
— the lower supporting ends of vertical and inclined ladders must have stops in the form of sharp steel tips or rubber shoes to prevent the lower base from sliding when installed on the ground, asphalt, concrete and other surfaces;
— ladders used to work on communication lines must have hooks at the top to prevent the ladder from falling due to wind and accidental shocks;
— stepladders with platforms must be pyramid-shaped, durable, stable and easy to move;
- the lower ends of the stepladder strings should be covered with rubber on one side, and equipped with wheels on the other side. 4-wheeled stepladders with platforms must be equipped with a device that allows the wheels to be recessed if a worker steps on the stepladder;
— sliding stepladders must have locking devices that protect them from spontaneous separation during operation.
2.6. It is forbidden to install ladders on the roof, flights of stairs or in other places that do not have a horizontal base.
2.7. It is not allowed to install ladders resting on glass windows, stained glass windows, etc.
2.8. When using scaffolding, scaffolding, scaffolding and ladders to perform work at height from ladders, workers must be provided with safety belts and, if necessary, safety helmets. Safety belts issued to workers must have test tags.
2.9. In winter, when working outdoors, scaffolding must be systematically cleared of snow and ice and sprinkled with sand before starting work and during work.
2.10. Electrical wires located closer than 5 m from stairs (scaffolds) must be fenced or de-energized while the work is being performed.
2.11. It is prohibited to start work when:
— malfunctions of the safety belt, safety device or ladders, ladders or bridges in which, according to the manufacturer’s instructions, their operation is prohibited;
— damage to the integrity or loss of stability of building structures at the work site;
— malfunctions of technological equipment and tools specified in the manufacturer’s instructions for which their use is not allowed;
— failure to carry out regular tests in a timely manner or expiration of the service life of protective equipment installed by manufacturers;
— insufficient lighting of workplaces and approaches to them;
— presence of people in places where work will be carried out.
2.12. Check the availability of first aid kits, equipped with medical supplies and dressings for first aid.
2.13. Report all detected malfunctions of equipment, inventory, electrical wiring and other problems to your immediate supervisor and begin work only after they have been eliminated.

3. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS DURING WORK

3.1. Work only in working clothing and safety shoes and use personal protective equipment.
3.2. Work with locking devices and sufficient lighting.
3.3. Do not allow strangers into the work site.
3.4. Standing on loose or unstable structures or scaffolding is prohibited.
3.5. Keep the workplace tidy and clean, avoid cluttering with tools, devices, and other items.
3.6. Use safe work practices when using tools and equipment.
3.7. Use proper tools and equipment.
3.8. It is prohibited to operate scaffolding, scaffolding, scaffolding and ladders without protective equipment.
3.9. When the wind force is 15 m/sec or more, during a thunderstorm, heavy snowfall, or icy conditions, working at height in the open air is not allowed.
3.10. Simultaneous work in 2 or more vertical tiers is prohibited.
3.11. Loads on the scaffolding should not exceed the permissible values ​​established by the project (data sheet).
3.12. Do not place the tool at the edge of the platform or throw it and materials on the floor or the ground. The tool must be stored in a special bag or box.
3.13. When ascending and descending from a height, it is prohibited to hold tools and parts in your hands; they must be lifted and lowered on a rope, cable or in bags over your shoulder.
3.14. It is prohibited to throw any objects to be given to the person working above. Feeding should be done using ropes, to the middle of which the necessary objects are tied. The second end of the rope should be in the hands of the worker standing below, who keeps the objects being lifted from swinging.
3.15. When using ladders and stepladders, it is prohibited:
— work on unsupported structures and walk on them, as well as climb over fences;
- work on the top two steps of the stairs;
- two workers should be on the ladder or on one side of the step ladder;
— move up the stairs with a load or with a tool in hand;
- use stairs with steps sewn with nails;
- work on a faulty ladder or on steps covered in slippery substances;
— increase the length of stairs, regardless of the material from which they are made;
- stand or work under stairs;
— install ladders near rotating shafts, pulleys, etc.;
— perform work with pneumatic tools;
— carry out electric welding work.
3.16. If, when working inside a building, the top of the ladder cannot be firmly secured, then a worker must be located at its base to maintain the ladder in a stable position.
3.17. If it is necessary to work while simultaneously supporting parts, step ladders with upper platforms should be used, fenced on 3 sides with railings at least 1 m high. The height of the side railing of the platforms should be at least 0.15 m.
3.18. Places that are dangerous for people to be present must be fenced off and have warning signs.
3.19. Work on lattice platforms must be carried out in the presence of dense plank flooring.
3.20. In places where workers climb onto scaffolding and scaffolding, posters must be placed indicating their placement diagram and the magnitude of permissible loads.
3.21. Scaffolding with a height of more than 4 m from the ground level, floor or platform on which the scaffolding racks are installed should be operated only after acceptance by the person appointed responsible for the safe organization of work at height.
3.22. Do not allow the operation of scaffolds and scaffolds up to 4 m high without their acceptance by the work manager with a note in the log of acceptance and inspection of scaffolds and scaffolds.
3.23. If no work has been done on the scaffolds for a month or more, they are re-accepted before resuming work.
3.24. When working on scaffolding, a safety harness must be used.
3.25. Do not allow the use of scaffolding, scaffolding, devices and means of scaffolding that do not have inventory numbers.
3.26. Use scaffolding made according to standard designs.
3.27. If the work is multi-tiered, scaffolding and scaffolding ladders must be equipped with protective screens.
3.28. When inspecting scaffolding, the following must be checked:
— the presence or absence of defects and damage to scaffolding structural elements that affect their strength and stability;
— strength and stability of forests;
— availability of necessary fences;
— suitability of scaffolding for further work.
3.29. During operation, scaffolds, scaffolding ladders and scaffolding should be cleared of debris, and in winter, cleared of snow and ice and, if necessary, sprinkled with sand.
3.30. Do not allow the scaffold to be used after installation without carrying out appropriate tests.
3.31. When performing finishing (plastering and painting) work at heights, under which other work is being carried out, the scaffolding means must have a flooring without gaps.
3.32. When performing work near driveways, place scaffolding equipment at a distance of at least 0.6 m from the vehicle dimensions.
3.33. It is not allowed to perform the following work:
— on portable ladders and stepladders near and above rotating working machines and conveyors;
- using hand-held machines and powder tools;
— gas and electric welding;
— tensioning wires and maintaining heavy parts at height.
To perform such work, scaffolding, scaffolding and stairs with platforms fenced with railings should be used.
3.34. When operating mobile scaffolding equipment, the following requirements must be met:
— the slope of the surface along which the scaffolding means is moved in the transverse and longitudinal directions must not exceed the values ​​specified in the passport or manufacturer’s instructions for this type of scaffolding means;
— movement of scaffolding equipment at wind speeds of more than 10 m/s is not allowed;
— before moving, the scaffolding must be cleared of materials and containers and there should be no people on them;
— doors in scaffolding enclosures must open inward and have a double-acting locking device that protects them from spontaneous opening.
3.35. It is prohibited to work on faulty or untested ladders or climb them.
3.36. When working from a ladder, a special worker must be present in places where people pass to hold the ladder. Ladders installed on smooth surfaces should have bases covered with rubber, while those installed on the ground should have sharp metal tips.
3.37. Follow the rules of movement in the premises and on the territory of the organization, use only designated passages.

4. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS IN EMERGENCIES

4.1. If an equipment breakdown occurs that threatens an accident at the workplace, stop its operation, as well as the supply of electricity, gas, water, raw materials, product, etc.; report the measures taken to your immediate supervisor (the person responsible for the safe operation of the equipment) and act in accordance with the instructions received.
4.2. In an emergency: notify people around you of the danger, report to your immediate supervisor about the incident and act in accordance with the emergency response plan.
4.3. In the event of a fire, you should turn off the power, call the fire department by calling 101 or 112, report the incident to the management of the enterprise, and take measures to extinguish the fire.
4.4. In the event of an accident, it is necessary to provide first aid to the victim, if necessary, call an ambulance by calling 103 or 112, inform your immediate supervisor and keep the situation at the workplace unchanged until the investigation, unless it poses a threat to workers and does not lead to an accident.

5. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AFTER WORK COMPLETION

5.1. Clear scaffolding, scaffolding, stairs from debris, dirt, etc.
5.2. Place ladders and tools in the designated storage area.
5.3. Change clothes. Place overalls, safety shoes, and personal protective equipment in a designated place.
5.4. Take a shower, wash your face and hands with warm water and soap.
5.5. Inform the work manager about all malfunctions and shortcomings noticed during work.

When performing work that requires the use of scaffolding, safety standards must be strictly adhered to. Safety requirements relate to several points, namely:

• safety and quality of installation and dismantling of the structure,
• rules for working on scaffolding,
• conditions associated with high-voltage equipment and interfaces with it.

Let's look at these requirements in more detail.

Frame scaffolding used in finishing and construction work can be allowed for use only after a full cycle of installation work from the bottom to the top tier. The assembly of tiers, as well as the work itself on scaffolding, can only be carried out by craftsmen who have undergone specialized training and are familiar with the safety instructions. Therefore, in some cases, where the structure is assembled by professionals, this is the best option for using this equipment.

When accepting installed and assembled scaffolding, it is necessary to check the structure for:

• reliability of support on the base;
• compliance of the scaffolding with the installation diagram;
• quality of scaffolding elements;
• reliability of fastening to the building facade

Scaffolding is a complex prefabricated structure that requires constant checking to ensure compliance with safety standards. This concerns, first of all, the control of connections and fastenings. In order for work on scaffolding to be safe for the lives of workers, the entire structure must be checked for compliance with safety standards at least once every ten days. Usually this is entrusted to one experienced worker or team foreman.

Safety requirements for frame scaffolding

1. Scaffolding must be secured to the wall as much as possible along the entire height of the product. The structure needs to be firmly fixed to the wall to avoid spontaneous removal of the scaffolding. The number of supports depends on the terrain.

2. The flooring must have a flat surface. To work at height and ensure proper safety in winter, decking must be cleared of ice and treated with anti-slip agents.

3. It is necessary to install protective devices to prevent damage to scaffold posts located near driveways.

Important!
Installation and dismantling work on assembling scaffolding structures should be carried out only using mounting belts.
It is prohibited (!) to be under the scaffolding during the dismantling of the structure.

A useful reminder and compliance with the necessary safety standards would be to place a worker lifting diagram on the scaffolding. Also, in the instructions attached along the perimeter of the scaffolding, it is necessary to indicate the maximum load values ​​and load layouts.

Safety precautions when working on scaffolding

1. Only adults can work at a height above 5 meters. Such steeplejack construction and finishing work should be carried out only after reading the safety instructions and obtaining a special permit by the employee.
2. Workers should only ascend and descend scaffolding using ladders located on the inside of each section.
3. Working with loads on a building structure is a separate point of safety requirements. Lifting weights on scaffolding that exceed the weight specified in the product data sheet is strictly prohibited.
4. Work on scaffolding is prohibited when wind gusts exceed force 5.

Safety measures related to lightning protection and electrical safety

1. The scaffolding structure must be grounded. Most often, if there is no grounding device on the site, a metal container is buried in the soil layer, or pipes are clogged so that the grounding resistance is no higher than 15 Ohms.
2. High-voltage power lines located at a distance of up to 5 meters from scaffolding must be removed or hidden in wooden boxes.
3. A mandatory safety condition is the installation of lightning protection devices on scaffolding. In order to protect the structure from damage by atmospheric electrical discharges, it is necessary to install lightning rods in the form of pipes. Pipes, flattened at one end, will serve as a kind of current conductors, transferring the discharge to the ground electrode.