The most important event in Russian history. Dates in Russian history

The history of Russia is very diverse, ambiguous and fascinating. This country has existed for hundreds of years and has significantly contributed to the development of world history. Russia has experienced a lot of collapses and falls, but it always got up from its knees and moved on to a bright future. Countless attempts to capture it have ended in resounding failures; no one will ever be able to conquer this great power. The people stood steadfastly for their independence and freedom and no one bowed their heads to the lords and invaders. Today, Russia is a leading country in the world in many different areas. This includes astronautics, mechanical engineering and much more.

The twentieth century was marked for Russia and a number of other countries by terrible and bloody wars, which unfortunately took away millions human lives. After the end of the Second World War, Russia as part of the USSR continued its rapid development in absolutely all sectors, this was the case until the collapse of this great and indestructible power. A decade has passed, a very difficult decade, and now Russia is again zealously striving forward, towards a bright and carefree future. What's next for her? Everything depends on the Russian people, who have always amazed the whole world with their resilience and steadfastness.

1861 February 19 - abolition of serfdom

A significant date for the entire Russian people, from now on the country was free from the shackles of slavery. Started this year new stage Russian history. The internecine wars were over. A truly strong and wise empress ascended the throne, who managed to raise Russia from its knees and achieve its greatness and respect in Europe.

1905-1907 - the first Russian revolution

The bloody revolution ended in failure. The autocracy was not overthrown and the king remained on the throne. The main revolutionaries of nineteen seventeen took part in the period of the first revolution. This young generation of rebels and reformers tried in every possible way to change the political system that had reigned in Russia for many centuries

1914, August 1 - Russia entered World War I

It is impossible not to touch upon this event. The first war of the imperialists in history ended with monstrous human losses in the first place. As a result of this war, the world's leading empires collapsed - Ottoman, German, German. Along with the war, Russia was also experiencing a great revolution. This period was extremely difficult for the country, but in the end we all know that the most powerful state on the planet was formed

1917, February 27 - uprising in Petrograd

1917, February 27 - armed uprising in Petrograd (soldiers of the Petrograd garrison went over to the side of the rebel population).

These years were marked by the formation of the Temporary Committee of the State Duma and the election of the Petrograd Soviet. Unanimous victory in the elections to the Petrograd Soviet of the Socialist Revolutionaries and Mensheviks. A new stage in the history of the Great Power.

1918, March 3 - signing of the Brest-Litovsk Peace Treaty

From now on, Russia left the battlefield. There was now an urgent need to end the outbreak of civil war and bring the country's economy to growth. After the signing of the treaty, one of the stones oppressing Russia fell asleep.

The great power found its feet and smoothly began to move towards development. The civil war was completely over. The USSR set a course for a bright future. The economy began to gradually grow, and the wounds from the civil war began to gradually heal.

1941, June 22 - 1945, May 9 - Great Patriotic War

The most terrible war in the history of mankind began on this wonderful summer and carefree day. For four long years, the people fought fiercely against the Nazi invaders who treacherously invaded the territory of the USSR.

1945, May 8-9 - surrender of Nazi Germany, victory day

May 9 is Victory Day. Victory Day! It is this holiday that is forever imprinted in the memory of absolutely every young and adult resident of this great country. At the cost of millions of lives, the country achieved the desired victory over the bloodthirsty enemy. Now the USSR has proven that it is worth something!

1956, February - XX Congress of the CPSU

The congress was marked by the world-famous “dispelling of the personality cult of Stalin.” Nikita Khrushchev literally shocked everyone present with his fiery speech. This is a new stage in the history of Russia and the entire USSR. This so-called thaw period left its mark forever.

1991, December 8 - signing of the Belovezhskaya Agreement

1991, December 8 - signing by B. N. Yeltsin (RSFSR), L. M. Kravchuk (Ukraine), S. S. Shushkevich (Belarus) of the Belovezhsky Agreement on the dissolution of the USSR.

This is the end of a great and powerful power. Seventy years of existence have not remained without a trace. Russia again became the right successor of the USSR. Again wars, hostility, political and economic crises. All this accompanied the country throughout the difficult nineties against the backdrop of total devastation, the war in Chechnya and much more.

year 2000

Election of Vladimir Putin as Russian President. A radically new period in the history of Russia. The new head of state was able to lead the country out of a long-term crisis, out of virtual ruin. The country's economy was boosted several times, the armed forces became powerful again. Various space programs were re-launched, and the country moved forward again! Now everything depends on the people of Russia, their fate belongs to them and no one else!

In the 11th grade, it is not necessary to know by heart all the dates from the textbook. It is enough to master the mandatory minimum, which, believe me, will be useful not only in the exam, but also in life.

So, your preparation for the OGE and Unified State Examination in History must necessarily include memorizing several of the most important dates in Russian history. Stay up to date with the most important events in Russian history - and to make it easier to master them, you can, for example, write the entire minimum on cards and divide them by century. This simple step will allow you to begin to navigate history by period, and when you write everything on pieces of paper, you will unconsciously remember everything. Your parents and grandparents used a similar method when there was no trace of any Unified State Examination or State Examination.

We can also advise you to say the most important dates in the history of Russia out loud and record it on a voice recorder. Listen to the resulting recordings several times a day, and best of all, in the morning, when the brain has just woken up and has not yet absorbed the usual daily dose of information.

But under no circumstances do we recommend that you try to memorize everything at once. Have pity on yourself, no one has ever managed to master the whole school curriculum on the history of Russia. The Unified State Examination and the State Examination Test are designed to test how well you know the full course of the subject. So don’t even think about somehow deceiving the system or hoping for the students’ favorite “night before the exam,” as well as various cheat sheets and “answers to the State Examination and Unified State Examination in History 2015,” of which there are so many on the Internet.

With leaves last hope careless schoolchildren, state exams have always been strict, and every year the situation becomes even more difficult. Exams in the 9th and 11th grades are held not only under the strict supervision of experienced teachers, but also under the supervision of video cameras, and you know, it is almost impossible to outsmart the technology.

So get enough sleep, don’t be nervous, develop your memory and memorize 35 important dates in the history of Russia. Relying on yourself is the best thing that can help you in passing the Unified State Exam and GIA.

862 Beginning of the reign of Rurik
988 Baptism of Rus'
1147 First mention of Moscow
1237–1480 Mongol-Tatar yoke
1240 Battle of the Neva
1380 Battle of Kulikovo
1480 Standing on the Ugra River. Fall of the Mongol yoke
1547 Ivan the Terrible crowned king
1589 Establishment of the Patriarchate in Russia
1598-1613 Time of Troubles
1613 Election of Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov to the kingdom
1654 Pereyaslav Rada.
1670–1671 Revolt of Stepan Razin
1682–1725 Reign of Peter I
1700–1721 Northern War
1703 Founding of St. Petersburg
1709 Battle of Poltava
1755 Foundation of Moscow University
1762– 1796 Reign of Catherine II
1773– 1775 Peasant War led by E. Pugachev
1812– 1813 Patriotic War
1812 Battle of Borodino
1825 Decembrist Revolt
1861 Abolition of serfdom
1905– 1907 First Russian Revolution
1914 Russia's entry into the First World War
1917 February Revolution. Overthrow of the autocracy
1917 October Revolution
1918– 1920 Civil War
1922 Formation of the USSR
1941– 1945 Great Patriotic War
1957 Launch of the first artificial Earth satellite
1961 Flight of Yu.A. Gagarin into space
1986 Chernobyl accident
1991 Collapse of the USSR

9th century

862-879 Rurik
882 - unification of Novgorod and Kyiv under Prince Oleg
882-912 - Oleg

10th century

907 - Oleg's campaign against Constantinople.
911 - Conclusion of the Russian-Byzantine peace treaty.
912 - Igor Rurikovich becomes Prince of Kyiv.
913 - Caspian campaign of the Rus against Gilan, Deylem, Tabaristan, Abaskun.
915 - the first attack of the Pechenegs on Rus'.
920 - Prince Igor's campaign against the Pechenegs.
941-944 - Russian-Byzantine war. A new treaty was concluded with Byzantium (944).
941 - Unsuccessful campaign of Prince Igor’s army against Constantinople.
944 - Successful campaign of the united army of Rus, Pechenegs and Hungarians to Constantinople. The conclusion of a Russian-Byzantine treaty, less beneficial than Oleg’s treaties.
944–945 — Rus’ raid on the Caspian city of Berdaa
945 - Prince Igor is killed by the Drevlyans at Polyudye while trying to collect tribute again.
945-964 - Reign of Princess Olga. Setting up “lessons and graveyards”, organizing the collection of tribute.
957 - Princess Olga is baptized in Constantinople under the name Elena.
964-972 - reign of Prince Svyatoslav.
964-966 - Prince Svyatoslav’s campaigns against the Kama Bulgarians, Khazars, Yasses and Kasogs.
965 - Defeat of the Khazar Kaganate by Prince Svyatoslav.
968-969 - Conquest of the First Bulgarian Kingdom.
970-971 - War of Svyatoslav with Byzantium.
972 - Death of Svyatoslav.
972-978 - reign of Yaropolk, son of Svyatoslav.
975-978 - civil strife between the sons of Svyatoslav Igorevich
978 - Vladimir’s campaign against Polotsk. Vladimir kills the Polotsk prince Rogvolod and marries his daughter Rogneda.
978 - Vladimir kills his brother Yaropolk and seizes power in Kyiv.
980 - Establishment of an all-Russian pantheon of pagan gods.
983 - Vladimir makes a campaign against the Prussian Yatvingian tribe, defeats them and establishes control over their lands.
984 - Vladimir and his commander Wolf Tail defeated the Radimichi, who, back in the 9th century. included in the Old Russian state, came out of subordination. As a result of this campaign, the Radimichi were re-conquered and forced to pay tribute and “carry carts.”
985 - Vladimir and his uncle Dobrynya went on a campaign against the Kama Bulgarians with the Torks. Russian troops captured many prisoners, and a treaty of peace and mutual assistance was concluded with the Danube Bulgarians.
986 - Bulgarian troops, with the help of the Rus, inflicted a crushing defeat on the Byzantines in Bulgaria.
988 - Baptism of Rus' by Vladimir.
996 — The Church of the Tithes (Church of the Dormition of the Virgin Mary) is built in Kyiv.

11th century

1015 - Internecine wars between the sons of Vladimir I (until 1019).
1019 - Reign of Yaroslav the Wise in Kyiv (until 1054). During these years, “Yaroslav’s Truth” was compiled - the oldest part of the “Russian Truth”.
1030 - Start of construction of the Transfiguration Cathedral in Chernigov (until 1035).
1037 - Beginning of construction of the St. Sophia Cathedral in Kyiv (until 1041).
1043 - Campaign of Prince Yaroslav the Wise against Byzantium
1045 - Beginning of construction of the St. Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod (until 1050).
1051 - Hilarion becomes the first metropolitan of Russian origin in Kyiv.
1054 - death of Yaroslav the Wise and division of Rus' between his sons. Triumvirate of Yaroslavichs.
1068 - Battle of Alta. Uprising in Kyiv. The enthronement of the Polotsk prince Vseslav the Magician in Kyiv.
1072 - “The Truth of the Yaroslavichs”, the second part of the “Russian Truth”, was compiled.
OK. 1072 - Uprisings in Novgorod land and Rostov-Suzdal land
1073 - “Svyatoslav’s Collection.”
1078 - Battle of Nezhatina Niva between Grand Duke Izyaslav and his brother Vsevolod on the one hand, and their nephews Oleg Svyatoslavich and Boris Vyacheslavich on the other. Death of Izyaslav and Boris Vyacheslavich; enthronement of Vsevolod Yaroslavich in Kyiv.
1093 - Svyatopolk Izyaslavich reigned in Kyiv (until 1113).
1097 - Congress of princes in Lyubech. The rule “Everyone keeps his fatherland” was adopted, which consolidated the tendency towards political fragmentation of the Old Russian state.

12th century
1103 - Dolob congress of Russian princes and the first joint campaign against the Polovtsians.
1107 - a new defeat of the Polovtsians in Rus'.
1111 - defeat of the Polovtsians in the steppes and their migration to Georgia.
1113 - Conquest of Vladimir Monomakh in Kyiv. Kiev uprising of the people against the senior squad.
1118 — Final edition of The Tale of Bygone Years.
1125 - Death of Vladimir Monomakh and installation of Mstislav Vladimirovich in Kyiv.
1127 - capture of Polotsk by the troops of Mstislav Vladimirovich and deportation of the Polotsk princes to Constantinople.
1132 - death of Mstislav Vladimirovich and the beginning of the collapse of Kievan Rus.
1136 - Uprising in Novgorod. Expulsion of Prince Vsevolod Mstislavich. Establishment of the republic in Novgorod.
1147 - The first chronicle mention of Moscow. Murder of Grand Duke Igor Olgovich in Kyiv.
1157 - Death in Kyiv of Prince Yuri Dolgoruky. Reign of Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky in Vladimir of Suzdal (until 1174).
1158 - Construction of the Assumption Cathedral in Vladimir-on-Klyazma (until 1161)
1169 - The troops of Andrei Bogolyubsky captured and burned Kyiv.
1174 - Murder of Andrei Bogolyubsky in Bogolyubovo.
1176 - Beginning of the reign of Vsevolod the Big Nest in the Vladimir principality.
1185 - Campaign of Novgorod-Seversky Prince Igor Svyatoslavich against the Polovtsians. "The Tale of Igor's Campaign."
1199 - Unification of the Volyn and Galician principalities.

13th century

1216 - Battle of Lipitsa between the sons of Vsevolod the Big Nest.
1221 - Founding of Nizhny Novgorod.
1223 - Battle of the Kalka River. The Mongols, led by Subudei and Jebe, defeat the united Russian-Polovtsian army.
1237 - Invasion of Mongol troops led by Batu into Rus'. The ruin of Ryazan.
1238 - January 1, the battle of Kolomna, the destruction of the city of Kolomna by Batu Khan (Batu), the death of Prince Roman, governor Eremey Glebovich and military leader Kulhan - the youngest son of Genghis Khan. The destruction of the cities of North-Eastern Rus' by the Mongols. Defeat of the Grand Duke of Vladimir Yuri Vsevolodovich in the Battle of the City River, defense of Kozelsk.
1239 - Invasion of Batu's troops into the southern Russian lands. The destruction of Pereyaslavl and Chernigov.
1240 - Capture of Kyiv by Batu's troops.
July 15, 1240 - Battle of the Neva. Victory of the Novgorod prince Alexander over the Swedes.
April 5, 1242 - Battle on the Ice. The army of Alexander Nevsky defeats the German knights.
1243 - Batu founds the Golden Horde.
1252 - Nevryuev’s army, the beginning of the great reign of Alexander Nevsky in Vladimir.
late 1250s - Census of the population of Rus', conducted by the Mongols to collect tribute.
1263 - Alexander Nevsky dies while returning from the Golden Horde. His brother Yaroslav Yaroslavich receives the label for the Great Reign of Vladimir.
1276 - Reign of Daniil Alexandrovich in Moscow (until 1303).
1281-1293 - the struggle of the sons of Alexander Nevsky for the great reign.
1293 - Khan Duden’s campaign against Rus', as a result of which 14 cities in northeastern Rus' were destroyed and burned.
1299 - Transfer of the residence of the Metropolitan of All Rus' from Kyiv to Vladimir.

14th century
1301-1302 - Annexation of Kolomna, Pereyaslavl-Zalessky principality (temporarily), Mozhaisk to Moscow.
1325 - Murder of the Moscow prince Yuri Daniilovich by the Tver prince Dmitry the Terrible Eyes. The beginning of the reign of Ivan Kalita in Moscow (until 1340)
1326 — Metropolitan Peter moves his residence from Vladimir to Moscow.
1327 - Uprising in Tver against the Golden Horde Baskak Cholkhan.
1328 - Fedochukova’s army against Tver, in which Ivan Kalita takes part. Ivan Kalita becomes Grand Duke.
around 1340 - Founding of the Trinity-Sergius Monastery by Sergius of Radonezh.
1352-1353 - Plague epidemic.
1359 - Beginning of the reign of Dmitry Ivanovich in Moscow (in the future Donskoy, until 1389).
1363 - confirmation of Dmitry Ivanovich to the great reign in Vladimir.
1367-1369 - Construction of the stone Kremlin in Moscow.
1378 - victory of the Russian army over the Golden Horde in the battle on the Vozha River.
1380 - Battle of Kulikovo on the Don River. Victory of the united Russian army over the Horde troops of Mamai.
1382 - Siege and destruction of Moscow and other cities of North-Eastern Rus' by Khan Tokhtamysh.
around 1382 - Beginning of coinage in Moscow.
1385 - Capture of Kolomna by the Ryazan prince Oleg.
1395 - Defeat of the Golden Horde by Tamerlane.

15th century
1408 - Siege of Moscow by the Horde emir
1425 - Beginning of internecine war (until 1453)
1425 - death of Vasily I. Reign of Vasily II the Dark.
1433, 1434 - reign in Moscow of Yuri Dmitrievich Zvenigorodsky
1445 - defeat of Vasily II near Suzdal and his capture by the Tatars.
1446 - blinding of Vasily II. The reign of Dmitry Shemyaka.
1448 - Russian Orthodox Church declared autocephalous (independent). Election of Bishop Jonah of Ryazan as Metropolitan of Kyiv and All Rus'
1453 - death of Dmitry Shemyaka in Novgorod. The end of feudal wars.
1458 - The final division of the Metropolis of All Rus' into Kyiv and Moscow
1462 - Beginning of the great reign of Ivan III Vasilyevich (until 1505)
1466 - Journey of the Tver merchant Afanasy Nikitin to India (“Walking beyond the three seas”, until 1472)
1471 - First campaign of Ivan III to Novgorod, Battle of Shelon
1475 - Start of construction of the Assumption Cathedral in the Kremlin (until 1479)
1478 — Fall of Veliky Novgorod’s independence, its annexation to Moscow
1480 - “Standing” on the Ugra River, liberation of Russian lands from the Horde yoke.
1483 - The Russians crossed the Ural ridge for the first time and reached the Ob.
1485 - Tver joins Moscow.
1485 - Construction begins brick walls and towers of the Moscow Kremlin (until 1489)
1497 - Adoption of the Sudebnik - an all-Russian code of laws, establishing a single deadline for the transition of peasants (a week before and a week after the autumn St. George's Day)

16th century
1501-1503 - War with Livonia
1505 - Death of Ivan III, reign begins Vasily III(ruled until 1533)
1510 - Pskov joins Moscow
1514 - Annexation of Smolensk to Moscow
1517 - First mention in the chronicles of the Boyar Duma
1521 - Annexation of the Ryazan Principality to Moscow
1524 — Construction of the Novodevichy Convent
1533 - Death of Vasily III, beginning of the reign of Elena Glinskaya (ruled until 1538).
1533 - the beginning of the great reign of Ivan IV the Terrible (ruled until 1584).
1538-1547 - Boyar rule.
1547 - Crowning of Ivan IV to the throne
1549 — Convening of the first Zemsky Sobor
1549(47)—1560 — Reform activities of the “Elected Rada”
1550 - Code of Law of Ivan IV. Creation of the Streltsy army
1551 - Stoglavy Cathedral
1552 - Annexation of the Kazan Khanate
1555 - Siberian Khan Ediger recognized vassal dependence on Moscow.
1556 - Annexation of the Astrakhan Khanate
1558 - Beginning Livonian War(until 1583)
1562 - capture of Polotsk.
1563 - Khan Kuchum came to power in the Siberian Khanate, breaking off relations with Moscow.
1564 - The first printed book by Ivan Fedorov - “The Apostle”. The defeat of Russian troops by the Poles on the Ula River (near Polotsk).
1565 — Establishment of the oprichnina
1570 - Novgorod pogrom and mass executions in Moscow. Peak of terror.
1571 - burning of Moscow by Devlet-Girey I.
1572 - Abolition of the oprichnina. Battle of Molodi.
1581 - Introduction of the “Sacred Years”. The beginning of Ermak's campaign in Siberia. Siege of Pskov by Stefan Batory.
1582 - Peace of Yam-Zapolsky with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
1582-1583 - Ermak’s campaign in Siberia.
1583 - Truce of Plyus with Sweden.
1584 - Death of Tsar Ivan IV, the beginning of the actual reign of Boris Godunov.
1589 — Establishment of the patriarchate in Russia
1591 - Death of Tsarevich Dmitry in Uglich
1592 - Compilation of scribal books
1597 - Introduction of “lesson years” (a five-year period for searching for runaway peasants)
1598 - Death of Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich. The end of the Rurik dynasty. Election to reign of Boris Godunov (until 1605). The beginning of the Time of Troubles (before 1613).

17th century
1605 - Overthrow of the Godunov dynasty.
1606 - Murder of False Dmitry I and accession of Vasily Shuisky.
1606-1607 - Uprising led by Ivan Bolotnikov.
1607 - appearance of False Dmitry II.
1608 - False Dmitry defeats the troops of Vasily Shuisky at Bolkhov. Tushino camp. Siege of Moscow.
1608-1610 - siege of the Trinity-Sergius Monastery by the people of False Dmitry II and Polish invaders
1609 - The siege of Smolensk by the Poles begins.
1610 - Battle of Klushina. Overthrow of Vasily Shuisky. Seven Boyars. The entry of the Poles into Moscow.
1610 - Death of False Dmitry II
1611 - Fall of Smolensk, Swedish intervention in Novgorod land
1612 - Liberation of Moscow from the invaders by the people's militia of Minin and Pozharsky.
1613 - Zemsky Sobor. Election to the kingdom of Mikhail Romanov (ruled until 1645). The beginning of the Romanov dynasty (until 1917).
1617 - Peace of Stolbovo with Sweden.
1618 - Deulin truce with Poland.
1632-1634 - Smolensk War.
1645 - Beginning of the reign of Alexei Mikhailovich (until 1676).
1648 - the beginning of the uprising in Ukraine led by Bohdan Khmelnytsky.
1648 - Uprisings in Moscow (“Salt Riot”), Voronezh, Kursk and other cities.
1648 - Cossack Semyon Dezhnev discovered the strait separating Chukotka from Alaska.
1649 — Cathedral Code. The process of enslaving the peasants has been completed.
1652 - Nikon becomes patriarch.
1654 - Church reforms of Nikon. The beginning of the split.
1654 - Pereyaslav Rada. The beginning of a new Russian-Polish war. Return of Smolensk.
1656 - Truce of Vilna. Beginning of the Russian-Swedish war
1662 - “Copper riot” in Moscow.
1666-1667 - Condemnation of Patriarch Nikon at a church council.
1667 - Truce of Andrusovo with Poland.
1668-1676 - Solovetsky uprising.
1670-1671 - Peasant-Cossack uprising led by Stepan Razin.
1676-1682 - Reign of Fedor III Alekseevich
1682 - Burning of Habakkuk. Khovanshchina. The beginning of the reign of Peter I and Ivan V under the regency of Sophia.
1689 - Beginning of the independent reign of Peter I (until 1725).
1695, 1696 — Azov campaigns.
1697-1698 - Great Embassy.
1698 - Streltsy riot in Moscow.
1700 - Introduction of a new calendar from January 1. Beginning of the Northern War (before 1721). Defeat of Russian troops in the Battle of Narva.

18 century
1703 - Founding of St. Petersburg. Publication of the first issue of the Vedomosti newspaper.
1709 - Victory of Russian troops in the Battle of Poltava.
1711 - The Senate is established. Prut campaign.
1712 - Transfer of the capital to St. Petersburg.
1714 - Victory of the Russian fleet in naval battle at Gangut. Decree on unity of inheritance.
1718-1721 - Collegiums were established.
1721 - Nystadt Peace Treaty between Russia and Sweden. The Synod was established.
1721 - Proclamation of Russia as an Empire.
1722 - The Table of Ranks was adopted.
1724 - Decree on the establishment of the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg.
1725 - Death of Peter I.
1725-1727 - Reign of Catherine I.
1727-1730 - Reign of Peter II.
1730 - Beginning of the reign of Anna Ioannovna (until 1740).
1732 - the Land Noble Corps, the main higher education institution, opened military school in Russia.
1733 - Second Kamchatka expedition of Vitus Bering (until 1743).
1733 - the beginning of the War of the Polish Succession.
1735 - the beginning of the Russian-Turkish War of 1735-1739.
1736 - Azov is finally annexed to Russia.
1739 - Battle of Stavuchany. Russia's first victory over Turkey in a field battle.
1740 - beginning of the reign of Ivan VI (until December 1741).
1741 - beginning of the Russian-Swedish War of 1741-1743
1741 - beginning of the reign of Elizabeth Petrovna (until 1761).
1755 - Foundation of Moscow University.
1756 - beginning of the Seven Years' War.
1759 - Battle of Kunersdorf. Victory of the Russian troops.
1761 - Peter III becomes Emperor (until 1762).
1762 - Manifesto on the freedom of the nobility. Beginning of the reign of Catherine II (until 1796)
1764 - Secularization of church and monastic lands. Abolition of hetmanship in Ukraine.
1765 - Decree on the right of landowners to exile serfs to Siberia. Creation of the Free Economic Society.
1767 - The laid down commission was convened (until 1768).
1768 - Beginning of the war with the Bar Confederation (until 1772). The beginning of the Russian-Turkish war (until 1774).
1769 - Issue of banknotes (the first paper money in Russia).
1770 - Defeat of the Turkish fleet in Chesme Bay. Victories at Larga and Cahul.
1772 - First partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (together with Prussia and Austria). Annexation of Eastern Belarus and part of Latvia.
1773-1775 - Peasant War led by Emelyan Pugachev.
1775 - liquidation of the Zaporozhye Sich
1775 — Russian empire divided into 51 provinces.
1783 - Manifesto of Catherine II on the annexation of Crimea to Russia. "Georgievsky Treaty" on the voluntary acceptance of Eastern Georgia under the protection of Russia.
1787 - Beginning of the Russian-Turkish War (until 1791).
1790 - Capture of the Izmail fortress by Russian troops.
1792 - Russian intervention in Poland.
1793 - Second partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (together with Prussia). Annexation of Central Belarus and part of Right Bank Ukraine.
1794 - Kosciuszko uprising and its suppression.
1795 - Third partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (together with Prussia and Austria). Annexation of Western Belarus, Lithuania and Volyn.
1796 - Beginning of the reign of Paul I (until 1801).
1799 - Italian and Swiss campaigns of Alexander Suvorov.

19th century
1801 - Paul I is assassinated. The reign of Alexander I begins (until 1825).
1802 - Establishment of ministries in Russia.
1803 - Decree on free cultivators.
1805 - Battle of Austerlitz.
1806 - the beginning of a new Russian-Turkish war (until 1812).
1807 - Meeting of Alexander I and Napoleon in Tilsit. Tilsit world.
1809 - Speransky's reform project. Annexation of Finland to Russia.
1812 - Patriotic War of 1812. Battle of Borodino.
1813 - Foreign campaign of the Russian army. Peace of Gulistan with Persia.
1814 - capture of Paris.
1817 - Beginning of the Caucasian War (until 1864).
1825 - Accession to the throne of Nicholas I (until 1855). Decembrist revolt.
1826-1828 - Russian-Persian war. Annexation of Nakhichevan and Erivan.
1828-1829 - Russian-Turkish war.
1830 - Polish uprising.
1835 - Reduction of university autonomy.
1849 - Russian participation in the suppression of the revolution in Hungary.
1851 - Opening of railway communication between St. Petersburg and Moscow.
1853—1856 — Crimean War(ended with the signing of the Paris Peace Treaty).
1854-1855 - Defense of Sevastopol.
1855 - Beginning of the reign of Alexander II (until 1881).
1858 - Annexation of the Amur region. Aigun Treaty with China.
1861-1865 - American Civil War.
1863 - Abolition of slavery in the United States.
1869 - Opening of the Suez Canal.
1870 - Completed the unification of Italy.
1871 - Completion of German unification. Parisian commune.
1874 - Rebellion of the samurai in Japan (until 1877).
1885 - Creation of the Indian National Congress party.
1899 - Beginning of the Anglo-Boer War (until 1902).
1899 - Beginning Boxer Rebellion in China (before 1900).
1861 - Manifesto on the abolition of serfdom.
1862 - Beginning of great reforms.
1863 - Polish uprising. Expedition of the Russian fleet to the shores North America (1863-1864)
1864 - Beginning of judicial reform. Establishment of zemstvos. The University Charter was adopted and the autonomy of universities was restored.
1865 - Censorship reform.
1865-1873 - Annexation of the Central Asian states: Khanate of Khiva, Khanate of Kokand, Khanate of Bukhara.
1867 - Russia sells Alaska to the United States.
1870 - “City situation”.
1874 - Transition to universal conscription. "Walking among the people."
1877—1878 — Russo-Turkish War. Berlin Congress.
1878 - Trial of Vera Zasulich
1881 - Murder of Alexander II by Narodnaya Volya. Beginning of the reign of Alexander III.
1884 - Abolition of university autonomy.
1891 - Construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway begins (until 1902).
1894 - Accession to the throne of Nicholas II (until 1917).
1896 - Khodynka disaster.
1897 - First All-Russian population census. Witte's monetary reform.
1898 - First Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (RSDLP).

20th century

1902 - Creation of the Socialist Revolutionary Party
1903 - II Congress of the RSDLP. Split into "Bolsheviks" and "Mensheviks".
1904-1905 - Russian-Japanese War.
1905 - Creation of the Cadets and Octobrist parties. January 9 (22) Bloody Sunday. First Russian revolution(until 1907).
1906 — Activities of the State Duma. The beginning of Stolypin's agrarian reform.
1907 - New electoral law, the beginning of the work of the III State Duma (until 1912)
1914 - Russia enters the First World War.
1916 - Brusilov breakthrough.
1917 - February Revolution. Nicholas II's abdication of the throne. Provisional government. October Revolution. Start Civil War(until 1922-1923).
1918 - Dispersal of the Constituent Assembly. Peace of Brest-Litovsk.
1919—1921 — Soviet-Polish War
1921 - Transition to the New Economic Policy.
1922 - Formation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
1924 - Death of V.I. Lenin. Adoption of the First Constitution of the USSR.
1928 - First Five-Year Plan (until 1932). Industrialization.
1929 - Beginning of complete collectivization.
1932 (autumn)—1933 (spring) - Famine in the USSR
1936 - The Stalinist Constitution of the USSR was adopted.
1936-1939 - Repressions in the USSR.
1939 - Soviet-German non-aggression pact. Soviet-Finnish War(until 1940).
1941 - Beginning of the Great Patriotic War. Battle for Moscow.
1941 (08.09) - 1944 (27.01) - Siege of Leningrad.
1942 - Battle of Stalingrad.
1943 - Battle of Kursk. Tehran Conference.
1944 - Operation Bagration - liberation of Belarus from the Nazis.
1943-1944 - Mass deportation of peoples North Caucasus and Crimea
1945 - Crimean Conference. The victorious end of the Great Patriotic War. Soviet-Japanese War.
1947 - The Marshall Plan for the reconstruction of Europe is adopted.
1947 - Proclamation of independence of India and Pakistan.
1948 - Proclamation of the State of Israel. First Arab-Israeli War.
1948 - Division of Korea along the 38th parallel.
1949 - Proclamation of the People's Republic of China.
1949 - NATO is formed.
1959 - Cuban Revolution.
1961 - Construction of the Berlin Wall.
1967 - Six-Day War.
1964 - Vietnam War (until 1973).
1969 - First manned flight to the Moon.
1979 - Islamic revolution in Iran.
1980 - Formation of the Solidarity trade union in Poland.
1990 - Iraqi invasion of Kuwait. Operation Desert Storm.
1991 - Collapse of Yugoslavia.
1946 - Beginning of the Cold War
1949 - On August 29, a successful test of an atomic bomb took place at the Semipalatinsk test site. The beginning of the “fight against cosmopolitanism.”
1953 - Death of Stalin. G. M. Malenkov, who took the post of Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, becomes the de facto leader of the USSR. Testing of the first Soviet hydrogen bomb.
1954 - Beginning of development of virgin lands.
1955 - Replacement of Malenkov, power passes to the First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee N. S. Khrushchev. Signing of the Warsaw Pact.
1956 - XX Congress of the CPSU. Khrushchev's report “On the cult of personality and its consequences.” Soviet troops introduced into Hungary. Rehabilitation of the repressed.
1957 - Launch of the world's first artificial satellite.
1961 - Space flight of Yu. A. Gagarin.
1962 - Cuban Missile Crisis.
1964 - Removal of N. S. Khrushchev from power. L.I. Brezhnev becomes the leader of the country.
1965 - Economic management reform national economy and planning in the USSR under the leadership of A. N. Kosygin.
1968 - USSR participation in the suppression of the Prague Spring.
1972 - Treaties on the Limitation of the Anti-Ballistic Missile Defense System and Strategic Offensive Arms.
1974 - Expulsion of the writer A.I. Solzhenitsyn from the USSR.
1977 - Adoption of the Brezhnev Constitution of the USSR.
1979 - Beginning Afghan war, which ended in 1989.
1980 - Summer Olympic Games 1980, held in Moscow.
1982-1985 - death of L. I. Brezhnev, change of power in the USSR. During four years two leaders were replaced (Andropov and Chernenko remained in office Secretary General batches one year and three months and three hundred and eighty days respectively)
1985 - M. S. Gorbachev was elected General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee. The beginning of perestroika.
1986 - The largest technological disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine.
1991 - Election of B.N. Yeltsin as President of the RSFSR. Formation of the Emergency Committee. The coup attempt failed. Collapse of the USSR. End of the Cold War.
1992 - Beginning of liberal economic reforms. The beginning of privatization.
1993 - Constitutional crisis, attack by supporters of the dissolved Supreme Council on the Moscow City Hall building and the Ostankino television center. Shooting of the Russian Parliament. Adoption of the Constitution of the Russian Federation by popular vote.
1994-1996 - War in Chechnya.
1996 - B. N. Yeltsin was re-elected President of the Russian Federation.
1998 - Default in Russia.
1999 - Invasion of militants into Dagestan, the beginning of the Second Chechen campaign, a series of terrorist attacks in Russian cities(Buinaksk, Moscow and Volgodonsk) - explosions of residential buildings, resignation of B. N. Yeltsin, appointment of Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation V. V. Putin as acting President of the Russian Federation.
2000 - V.V. Putin was elected President of the Russian Federation. Creation federal districts in the Russian Federation. Disaster of the nuclear submarine "Kursk". Fire at the Ostankino TV tower in Moscow.

1097 - First congress of princes in Lyubech

1147 - The first chronicle mention of Moscow

1188 - Approximate date of appearance " Words about Igor's Campaign »

1206 - Proclamation of Temujin as the “Great Khan” of the Mongols and his adoption of the name Genghis Khan

1237-1238 — Invasion of Khan Batu in North-Eastern Rus'

1240 July 15 - Victory of the Novgorod prince Alexander Yaroslavich over the Swedish knights on the river. Neve

1327 - uprising against the Mongol-Tatars in Tver

1382 - Campaign to Moscow by Khan Tokhtamysh

1471 - Ivan III's campaign against Novgorod. Battle on the river Sheloni

1480 - “Standing” on the river. Eel. The end of the Tatar-Mongol yoke.

1510 - Pskov annexed to Moscow

1565-1572 — Oprichnina

1589 - Establishment of the patriarchate in Moscow

1606 - Uprising in Moscow and murder of False Dmitry I

1607 - Beginning of the intervention of False Dmitry II

1609-1618 — Open Polish-Swedish intervention

1611 September-October - Creation of a militia led by Minin and Pozharsky in Nizhny Novgorod

1648 - Uprising in Moscow - " Salt riot »

1649 - “Conciliar Code” of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich

1649-1652 — Erofey Khabarov’s campaigns to the Daurian land along the Amur

1652 - Nikon’s consecration as patriarch

1670-1671 - Peasant war led by S. Razin

1682 - Abolition of localism

1695-1696 — Azov campaigns of Peter I

1812 - Invasion " Great Army» Napoleon to Russia. Patriotic War

1814 September 19 -1815 May 28 - Congress of Vienna

1839-1843 — Monetary reform of Count E. f. Kankrina

1865 - Military judicial reform

1874 spring - The first mass “going to the people” of revolutionary populists

1875 April 25 - St. Petersburg Treaty between Russia and Japan (on South Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands)

1881 March 1 - Assassination of Alexander II by revolutionary populists

1906 November 9 - Beginning of agrarian reforms P.A. Stolypin

1930 - Beginning of complete collectivization

1939 November 30 - 1940 March 12 - Soviet-Finnish War

1941 June 22 - Attack of Nazi Germany and its allies on the USSR. Beginning of the Great Patriotic War

1945 May 8 - Act of unconditional surrender of Germany. Victory of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War

1975 July 30 - August 1 - Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (Helsinki). Signing of the Final Act by 33 European countries, the USA and Canada

1990 May 1-June 12 - Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR. Declaration of State Sovereignty of Russia

1991 December 8 - Signing in Minsk by the leaders of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus of the agreement on the “Commonwealth of Independent States” and the dissolution of the USSR

But under no circumstances do we recommend that you try to memorize everything at once. Have pity on yourself, no one has ever managed to master the entire school curriculum on Russian history in a day. The Unified State Examination and the State Examination Test are designed to test how well you know the full course of the subject. So don’t even think about somehow deceiving the system or hoping for the students’ favorite “night before the exam,” as well as various cheat sheets and “answers to the State Examination and Unified State Examination in History 2015,” of which there are so many on the Internet.

With leaflets, the last hope of careless schoolchildren, state exams have always been strict, and every year the situation becomes even more difficult. Exams in the 9th and 11th grades are held not only under the strict supervision of experienced teachers, but also under the supervision of video cameras, and you know, it is almost impossible to outsmart the technology.

So get enough sleep, don’t be nervous, develop your memory and memorize 35 most important dates in the history of Russia. Relying on yourself is the best thing that can help you pass the Unified State Exam and State Examination.

862 Beginning of the reign of Rurik
988 Baptism of Rus'
1147 First mention of Moscow
1237–1480 Mongol-Tatar yoke
1240 Battle of the Neva
1380 Battle of Kulikovo
1480 Standing on the Ugra River. Fall of the Mongol yoke
1547 Ivan the Terrible crowned king
1589 Establishment of the Patriarchate in Russia
1598-1613 Time of Troubles
1613 Election of Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov to the kingdom
1654 Pereyaslav Rada.
1670–1671 Revolt of Stepan Razin
1682–1725 Reign of Peter I
1700–1721 Northern War
1703 Founding of St. Petersburg
1709 Battle of Poltava
1755 Foundation of Moscow University
1762– 1796 Reign of Catherine II
1773– 1775 Peasant War led by E. Pugachev
1812– 1813 Patriotic War
1812 Battle of Borodino
1825 Decembrist Revolt
1861 Abolition of serfdom
1905– 1907 First Russian Revolution
1914 Russia's entry into the First World War
1917 February Revolution. Overthrow of the autocracy
1917 October Revolution
1918– 1920 Civil War
1922 Formation of the USSR
1941– 1945 Great Patriotic War
1957 Launch of the first artificial Earth satellite
1961 Flight of Yu.A. Gagarin into space
1986 Chernobyl accident
1991 Collapse of the USSR