These are small fleshy or juicy fruits that are collected from bushes and herbs. You need to understand that in botany, fruits are classified in their own way (tomatoes are considered berries, and raspberries and strawberries are considered fruits). To avoid confusion, fruits are distinguished from berries mainly by size. Humanity has been eating berries for almost its entire century: even under the primitive communal system, gathering helped to survive. These fruits are still valued today: for their taste, low calorie content and rich vitamin and mineral composition.

Watermelon

It is a source of essential amino acids, antioxidants, vitamins and minerals. It is low in calories and fat, but contains fiber. These berries have long been used in cosmetology, and now their properties are being actively studied by doctors. When consumed in moderation, watermelon helps maintain normal functioning of the cardiovascular and digestive systems, it also contributes to the body's antioxidant defenses and helps prevent the development of many chronic diseases.

Barberry

Barberry belongs to the genus of shrubs, less often trees, of the Barberry family. These are deciduous, semi-evergreen (the foliage partially falls off), evergreen shrubs or small trees, with ribbed, erect shoots that branch at an acute angle. The bark is brownish-gray or brownish-gray in color. It also has another name - caramel tree.

Cowberry

Lingonberry is a perennial, low, evergreen, branching subshrub reaching a height of 10 to 20 cm. The leaves are small, petiolate, leathery, shiny. The flowers are white and pink bells, 5 mm long, collected at the top of the branches in sparse clusters. Blooms in May - early June. Lingonberry fruits are small, bright red berries with a characteristic sweet and sour taste. Ripens in August-September. Lingonberry is a wild forest berry. It is found in the tundra, as well as in forest areas, in the temperate climate zone.

Elder

Elderberry is a perennial woody plant from the honeysuckle family. Shrub or small tree reaching 3-10 m in height. The trunk and branches are gray. Leaves are opposite, petiolate, imparipinnate. The flowers are small, fragrant, creamy or yellowish-white. Blooms from May to the first half of June. The elderberry fruit is black-purple, berry-shaped. Ripens in August - September.
In the wild, black elderberry is found between shrubs on the edges of forests in the central zone of the European part of Russia, in Ukraine, in the Baltic states and Belarus, in the Crimea, in the Caucasus, in southeast Russia. Elderberry grows in both sunny and shady places. Reproduction is carried out by dividing old bushes, layering and sowing seeds.

Grape

Already in ancient times, grapes and their derivatives were valued not only for their taste, but also for their medicinal properties. Modern scientific medicine confirms that berries contain a large amount of antioxidants, which protect the body from chronic diseases of the cardiovascular and nervous systems, and also help fight free radicals. Even a high sugar content does not spoil the berry, since it also contains substances that improve the absorption of glucose.

Goji berries

Goji Berries ( common wolfberry) or Lycium barbarum belongs to a group of plants with the common collective name “wolfberry”. By the way, not all plants in this group have a toxic effect on humans - some of its species have unique healing properties. Since ancient times, goji berry has been used in Chinese medicine to increase libido in women and men, as well as to lift mood and improve well-being in stressful situations. It is believed that this plant helps fight cancer cells, improves immunity and prolongs life.

Blueberry

Blueberry is a small shrub up to 1 meter high with gray smooth curved branches. Leaves are up to 3 cm long. Flowers are small, five-toothed, white or pinkish. Blueberry fruits are blue with a bluish bloom, juicy edible berries up to 1.2 cm long.
Sometimes blueberries are called drunkards or gonobobels because they supposedly intoxicate and drive away pain in the head. But in fact, the culprit of these phenomena is wild rosemary, which often grows next to blueberries.
Blueberries are harvested for consumption either raw or processed. They make jam and are also used to make wine.

Cherry

A tree or shrub, usually with several trunks 1.5-2.5 m high, rarely up to 3 m and higher.
The leaves are dark green, oval, pubescent below, strongly corrugated, with a pointed end. The flowers are white, white with pink (less often pink), up to 2.5 cm in diameter. Cherry fruits are oval drupes, red when ripe, sweet (sometimes with sourness) in taste, smaller than ordinary cherries (0.8-1.5 cm in diameter), covered with small fluff. Depending on the region, they ripen from the end of June to the end of July, and on the same tree almost simultaneously; Cherries bear fruit abundantly, usually in the third year and up to 15-20 years annually.

Melon

Plant of the Pumpkin family, species of the Cucumber genus, melon crop, false berry.
Melon is a warm and light-loving plant, resistant to soil salinity and drought, and does not tolerate high air humidity. Depending on the variety and place of cultivation, one plant can produce from two to eight fruits weighing from 1.5 to 10 kg. Melon fruits are spherical or cylindrical in shape, green, yellow, brown or white in color, usually with green stripes. The ripening period of melon is from two to six months.

Blackberry

A perennial subshrub of the Rubus genus, belonging to the Rosaceae family. Blackberries are widespread in the northern and temperate latitudes of the Eurasian continent, in coniferous and mixed forests, in floodplains, and in the forest-steppe zone. There are practically no garden blackberries, so lovers of this berry have to rely on nature’s favor and wait for a good harvest of this wild berry.

Strawberries

Strawberry is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Rosaceae family, up to 20 cm high. The rhizome is short, oblique, with numerous additional brownish-brown, thin roots. The stem is erect, leafy, covered with hairs. The leaves are on long petioles, trifoliate, dark green above, bluish-green below, softly pubescent. Rooting shoots develop from the axils of the basal leaves. Blooms from May to July. The flowers are white, located on long stalks. The strawberry fruit is a false fruit, incorrectly called a berry. It is an overgrown fleshy, fragrant, bright red receptacle. Strawberries ripen in July - September.

Irga

An amazing plant from the Rosaceae family. It is undemanding to growing conditions, can normally tolerate frosts down to -40 -50 degrees, and during flowering frosts down to -5 -7 degrees. Irga grows well in soils of varying composition and acidity. But there is an indispensable condition - if you want to get a harvest of large, sweet berries with the aroma of freshness, you need to give the shadberry a sunny place. Therefore, serviceberry bushes should be placed at a distance of at least 2.5-3 m, unless you intend to grow a high hedge, for which serviceberry is very suitable.

Kalina

lat. Viburnum
Red berry with a fairly large seed. Viburnum ripens at the end of September after the first frost. Before this, the berry is quite sour with a bitter taste, but under the influence of slight frosts it acquires sweetness. Widely used in folk medicine.

Dogwood

Shrub 5-7 meters high, sometimes a small tree. Dogwood has been cultivated by mankind for a very long time; historians report dogwood seeds found more than 5 thousand years ago during excavations of human settlements located on the territory of modern Switzerland. Nowadays, 4 types of dogwood are cultivated in most of Europe (France, Italy, Eastern European countries, Ukraine, Moldova, Russia), the Caucasus, Central Asia, China, Japan and North America.

Strawberry

Strawberry is a perennial herbaceous plant, 15-35 cm high, belongs to the Rosaceae family.
The stem is erect, the leaves are large, light green in color. Corymbose inflorescences of 5-12 flowers on short, densely pubescent pedicels. The flowers are usually unisexual, five-petaled, white, with a double perianth. Between the beginning of strawberry flowering and the beginning of strawberry ripening, a period of 20 to 26 days passes.

Cranberry

It is an evergreen plant, a shrub with thin and low shoots. The length of the shoots is on average about 30 cm, wild cranberry berries are red, spherical, 8-12 mm in diameter. Some specially bred varieties have berries up to 2 cm in diameter. Cranberries bloom in June, berry picking begins in September and continues throughout the fall. Plantation berries ripen 1-2 weeks earlier than wild ones. Cranberries can easily be stored until spring.

Red Ribes

Red currant is a small deciduous perennial shrub of the Gooseberry family (Grossulariaceae). Unlike black currants, the bushes are more compressed and elongated upward. Strong and thick annual shoots growing from the base of the bush are used to form it and replace old, dying branches, but over the years their progressive growth fades.

Gooseberry

A perennial, multi-stemmed shrub with a long fruiting period and high yield - up to 20-25 kg per bush. Gooseberry bushes reach up to 1.5 m in height and up to 2 m in diameter. Gooseberry is a plant of temperate latitudes, tolerates light shading, but is quite moisture-loving. The gooseberry root system is located at a depth of up to 40 cm. It is best placed along the fence at a distance of 1-1.5 m from bush to bush. Over time, they grow, forming a continuous thorny wall.

Schisandra

Schisandra is a large climbing shrub-liana from the magnolia family. Its length reaches fifteen meters, and entwining trees, lemongrass resembles a grapevine. The thickness of the stem is 2 centimeters. The plant takes the form of a bush in the northern regions. Schisandra berries are 2-seeded, bright red, juicy, spherical, very sour. The seeds smell like lemon and have a bitter, pungent taste. The bark of the roots and stems also smells like lemon, hence the name Schisandra.

Raspberries

The deciduous subshrub Rubus idaeus, or common raspberry, is distributed throughout the world - from Alaska and the Aleutian Islands to Hawaii. People usually call raspberry fruits berries, which does not correspond to their definition in the botanical classification. From this position, a more accurate name for the raspberry fruit is “multifrupe.”
From the list of berry crops, raspberries stand out for their high concentration of antioxidants, which prevent damage to body cells and stop the aging process. This gives the right to call raspberries “the berry of health and longevity.”

Cloudberry

A small perennial herbaceous plant with a creeping branched rhizome. The stem is simple, erect. 10-15 cm in height, ending in a single white flower. The leaves are wrinkled, heart-shaped, with a lobed edge. The cloudberry fruit is a clustered drupe, reddish at first, and amber-yellow when ripe. Cloudberries bloom in May and June and ripen in July and August. The fruit is acid-spicy, wine-like.

Sea ​​buckthorn

A shrub or small tree reaching a height of three to four meters with branches covered with small thorns and green, slightly elongated leaves.
Sea buckthorn is wind pollinated and blooms in late spring. The fruits are small (up to 8-10 mm), orange-yellow or red-orange, oval in shape. The name for this plant “Sea Buckthorn” is very apt, since its berries are on very short stalks and sit very closely on the branches, as if clinging to them. The berries have a rather pleasant sweet and sour taste, as well as a peculiar, unique aroma that vaguely resembles pineapple. This is why sea buckthorn is sometimes called the northern, or Siberian, pineapple.

Olives

An evergreen subtropical tall tree of the genus Olive (Olea) of the Olive family (Oleaceae).
The height of an adult cultivated olive tree is usually five to six meters, but sometimes reaches 10-11 meters or more. The trunk is covered with gray bark, gnarled, twisted, and usually hollow in old age. The branches are gnarled and long. The leaves are narrow-lanceolate, gray-green in color, do not fall off in the winter and are renewed gradually over two to three years. The fragrant flowers are very small, from 2 to 4 centimeters long, whitish, in one inflorescence there are from 10 to 40 flowers. The fruit is an elongated oval-shaped olive, 0.7 to 4 centimeters long and 1 to 2 centimeters in diameter, with a pointed or blunt nose, fleshy, the olives contain a pit inside.

Rowan

Tree up to 10 m tall, less commonly a shrub from the Rosaceae family. Rowan fruits are spherical, berry-shaped, red, sour, bitter, slightly tart in taste. After the first frost, the fruits lose their astringency and become tasty and somewhat sweet. Blooms in May - early June. The fruits ripen in September, remaining on the tree until late winter.
In nature, mountain ash is found in forests and mountainous areas of the northern and middle parts of the northern hemisphere. Fairly easy to care for, most mountain ash trees look great most of the year.

Turn

Thorn is a shrub or small tree 1.5-3 (large species up to 4-8) meters high with numerous thorny branches. The branches grow horizontally and end in a sharp, thick thorn. Young branches are pubescent.
Sloe leaves have an elliptical or obovate shape. Young leaves are pubescent, with age they become dark green, with a matte tint, and leathery. Sloe fruits are mostly round in shape, small (10-15mm in diameter), black-blue in color with a waxy coating.

Feijoa

Until now, not every resident of our country knows what feijoa looks like. Some of these exotic berries are mistaken for a small cucumber, while others are mistaken for an avocado. The taste of feijoa is also uncertain - either strawberry or pineapple. It seems that it is generally difficult to say anything for sure about this berry. It is believed that feijoa contains a huge amount of deficient iodine, but the idea of ​​​​a high concentration of this element is disputed. Feijoa is called a “capricious” product due to the inability of the fruit to be stored for more than a week, but this is only partly true. The truth about feijoa is helped to establish research, which has recently been carried out more and more often.

Physalis

Physalis vulgaris (vesicle, dog cherry, marunka) is a perennial plant from the nightshade family, 50-100 cm high. The underground shoots of physalis are creeping, woody, and branching. Its stems are erect. angular-curved. The fruit of physalis is a spherical, juicy, orange or red berry, enclosed in a fiery orange, swollen, vesicular berry. an almost spherical calyx, thanks to which the plant got its name physalis from the Greek word “physo”, which means swollen. The plant blooms in May - August. Physalis fruits ripen in June - September. It grows everywhere in light forests, among bushes, on forest edges, and in ravines.

A perennial shrub belonging to the gooseberry family, it reaches up to 1.5 m in height with drooping yellowish-gray shoots that turn brownish by the end of summer. Blackcurrant leaves are alternate, petiolate, three-, five-lobed, bare above, with golden glands along the veins below, with an aromatic specific smell, up to 12 cm wide. Flowers 7-9 mm long, purple or pinkish-gray, five-membered, collected by 5-10 in drooping clusters 3-8 cm long. The fruit of black currant is a multi-seeded black or dark purple fragrant round shiny berry with a diameter of 7-10 mm. It blooms in May - June, the fruits ripen in July - August.

Blueberry

A perennial low-growing shrub from the genus Vaccinium of the Ericaceae family, 15-30 cm high.
Stems are erect, branched, smooth. The blueberry rhizome is long and creeping. The leaves are elliptical, smooth, light green, leathery, 10-30 mm long, covered with sparse hairs and serrate-toothed edges. Blooms in May-June. The flowers are greenish-white with a pink tint, solitary. They are located on short stalks in the axils of the upper leaves. Blueberries are juicy, black, with a bluish-gray bloom, and shiny. The pulp is dark red, juicy, soft, with many seeds. Ripens in July-August. Blueberries bear fruit in the second or third year.

Bird cherry

A large deciduous shrub or tree of the Rosaceae family, up to 10 m in height, with a dense elongated crown, with matte, cracking dark gray bark, on which large rusty-brown or white lentils are clearly visible. The inner layer of bird cherry bark is yellow, with a characteristic almond smell. Young branches are light olive, short-haired, later cherry-red, glabrous; The bark is yellow on the inside, with a sharp, characteristic odor. The leaves are alternate, short-petiolate, oblong-elliptic, narrowed at both ends, serrate-toothed along the edge. White, strong-smelling flowers are collected in multi-flowered drooping racemes. It blooms in May, the fruits ripen in July - August. The bird cherry fruit is a black, glossy, spherical, tart-tasting, highly astringent drupe with one seed. The stone is round-ovate, sinuously notched.

Rose hip

Perennial, wild plant of the Rosaceae family. People call it wild rose. Rosehip is a low bush, 1.5-2.5 m in height, with arc-like hanging branches covered with strong sickle-shaped thorns. Young shoots of rose hips are greenish-red with awl-like spines and bristles. The flowers are pink or white-pink, with five free petals, the corolla is up to 5 cm in diameter. Rose hips bloom in May-June. The fruits are berry-like (up to 20 mm long), red-orange, of various shapes, with many hairy achenes, ripen in September-October.

Shrub with red bitter berries

The first letter is "k"

Second letter "a"

Third letter "l"

The last letter of the letter is "a"

Answer for the question "Shrub with red bitter berries", 6 letters:
viburnum

Alternative crossword questions for the word viburnum

Shukshin's film "...red"

Edible berry

A berry bush, which in one song “blooms in a field by a stream”

"Oh, it's blooming... in a field by a stream"

Berry that rhymes with raspberry

bitter berry

Red berry

Tree with red edible berries

Definition of the word viburnum in dictionaries

Great Soviet Encyclopedia The meaning of the word in the dictionary Great Soviet Encyclopedia
(Viburnum), a genus of mostly deciduous shrubs or small trees of the honeysuckle family. Leaves are opposite, entire or lobed. The flowers are white or pink, the marginal ones are often larger, sterile, collected in an umbrella, shield or panicle. Fetus...

Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language, Dal Vladimir The meaning of the word in the dictionary Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language, Dal Vladimir
and. in the refrain kalinka, kalinka, kalinushka, tree and fruit of Viburnum opulus. They generally take the berries; the apples are shaking; Viburnum is broken in bunches. In the story The Kalinov bridges are remembered: this is a road paved with brushwood, viburnum, a road through a swamp. Red-hot viburnum, melted, baked...

Examples of the use of the word viburnum in literature.

Mixed with these smells was the breath of the mowings across the river, the languid aroma viburnum, and sometimes suddenly in the calm, having overcome everything else, the gentle bitterness of overheated aspens was revealed, flying into the meadows from a distant and invisible forest.

All the Umorushki brothers have already learned from their grandfather Viburnum forest lesh wisdom, one of her old Viburnum He felt sorry for her and let her frolic to her heart's content.

He looked back at Kalina, but Kalina was completely covered with spruce branches - and the Vogul turned away.

Kalina he called Prince Asyka, Aycheil, Vogulka Sole, who picked him up, bleeding, on Balbankar, and then suddenly the dead: Ukhvat, Pitirim, Prince Ermolai.

Kalina I remembered my night vision - Sole's walk - and thought that these thoughts were not without reason.

An original shrub with red berries can decorate any garden plot. This is a real benefit and original natural beauty for the garden. A huge selection of cultivated plants with bitter and sour, large and small berries will fit original into any design and become a bright accent spot.

The most famous shrub with red bitter berries is viburnum, which has exquisite external beauty and a lot of useful and medicinal properties. Another shrub with red sour berries is also widespread in home gardens. This is red currant. The third crop is not quite a bush type, but it can be formed in a similar way. We are talking about rowan.

Prickly bush with red berries - euonymus, dogwood, gooseberry, etc. You can find out all the names of such crops and see them in photos further on this page. Their combination will help you get the most out of your garden plot and at the same time give the area an unusual and aesthetically attractive appearance. But be careful - some bushes with red berries are potentially dangerous to human life and health. Under no circumstances should you plant wolfberries in your garden.

Garden shrubs cotoneaster with red fruits

Common cotoneaster, this garden shrub with red fruits, is not particularly popular, although it tolerates winter and heat well. The tall stems are pubescent, but over time the covering disappears. The foliage is wide and rounded. The flowers are white with a pink tint, collected in inflorescences. The berries are bright red.

Cotoneaster is a horizontal or creeping evergreen shrub, the crown of which grows wildly in width. The foliage is oval, green in color, and by autumn it turns orange-red. The berries are bright pink and can hang all winter. This species is demanding on soil quality.

Dummer cotoneaster. This shrub with red berries grows wild mainly in mountainous areas. The stems also creep and because of this are prone to self-rooting. The height does not exceed 30 cm, but the width can be very voluminous.

The foliage is small, rounded, and acquires a purple tint in autumn. Inflorescences are reddish in color. The fruits are pink, also remain on the branches for a long time and have a beautiful appearance.

It has a hybrid variety, Coral Beauty, which is slightly taller than the original plant and has increased winter hardiness.

Multiflorous cotoneaster grows above 2 meters. The stems are slightly pubescent, but become bare with aging. The young foliage of the bush with red berries has a grayish color, turns green by summer, and turns red by autumn. The flowers are relatively large and form large inflorescences. The fruits are bright red.

In general, it tolerates frost well, but is not as resistant as Brilliant. Demanding on soil nutrition.

Cotoneaster Alaunsky - this shrub with red berries is listed in the Red Book. Distributed in mountains or river valleys. It grows up to 2 meters, has small pink flowers, and its fruits are first red and then change color to black.

Hawthorn – healing and aesthetic effect

Hawthorn is a large shrub with red berries or a small tree up to 5 m high (sometimes 10-12 m). Young branches are purple-brown, shiny, covered with sparse, thick, straight spines up to 4 cm long. Its medicinal and aesthetic effect makes the plant widespread in garden culture.

The leaves are alternate, obovate or broadly rhombic with a wedge-shaped base, pointed, shallowly three to seven-lobed serrate, short pubescent on both sides, 2-6 cm long, located on short petioles. The color is dark green in summer and orange-red in autumn.

Flowers with five petals, white or slightly pink, are united in dense corymbose inflorescences with a diameter of 4-5 cm. They have a weak specific smell.

The fruits of the bush with red berries are spherical or slightly oblong berries with a remaining calyx, diameter 8-10 mm, with 3-4 seeds containing 1 seed. The pulp is mealy. The color, depending on the species, is blood red, brownish, orange, pink, yellow or black. The taste is sweet and sour.

Common barberry - characteristics and interesting varieties

This variety of barberry grows mainly in Central and Southern Europe; these fluffy bushes can also be seen in the North Caucasus. The height of the plant, as a rule, does not exceed 1.5 m. The flowers of the bush with red jagshods are yellow and white and begin to bloom in the last ten days of May, in some areas in early June. The average flowering time is 13-20 days. An ideal option for a personal plot or vegetable garden. The shrub tolerates pruning well. Not picky about choosing a location: it can grow both in partial shade and in illuminated areas. Among other things, common barberry can easily withstand even severe frosts. This variety of barberry is suitable for food. This is a small characteristic of the crop; then we will consider interesting varieties.

There are not many varieties of common barberry. The most popular of them are the following:

1. Barberry JulianaBarberry “Juliana” (“Jilianae”) - the bush grows up to 3 meters. The leaves become bright red in autumn;
2. Barberry "Aureomarginata" is a bush up to 1.5 m high. The leaves are rich green with a golden border. It is advisable for this variety to grow in a lighted area. Otherwise, the decorative coloring disappears;
3. Thunberg's barberry is no less decorative.

It grows wild on the slopes of China and Japan. The plant reaches a height of 1.5 m. In spring and summer, barberry leaves have a yellowish or bright red tint, and as autumn approaches, they turn brown. The flowers of Barberry Thunberg are usually yellow with a red border around the edges. When compared with common barberry, this variety does not bloom for long - only 8-12 days. The plant tolerates both cold and drought well and is not demanding on the soil. The fruits have a bitter taste and therefore are not used in food.

A well-known shrub with red berries - rose hips

Rosehip (lat. Rósa) is a genus of wild plants of the Rosaceae family. It has many cultural forms, bred under the name Rose. This is a well-known thorny shrub with red berries, which grows in abundance in gardens and park areas, forests and dachas.

• Deciduous shrub, usually 1-5 meters high. Sometimes low tree-like forms are found.
• The shoots are covered with thorns.
• The leaves are imparipinnate, with paired stipules (rarely simple and without stipules), containing 5-7 leaflets.
• The flowers are usually pale pink, 4-6 cm in diameter. There are forms with flowers that show signs of doubleness.

The fruit is false (hypanthium), oval or ovoid-spherical, red, orange, purple-red in color when ripe, with numerous nuts inside. The color of hypanthium is due to the high content of carotenes. The fruits ripen in October.

Since ancient times, rose hips have been used in folk medicine for gum bleeding. A decoction was also prepared from rose hips to restore strength. Healing tinctures were prepared from the leafy and root parts of rose hips. Rosehip syrup with honey was drunk for inflammatory diseases and ulcerations in the oral cavity.

Common raspberry and well known to everyone

Common raspberry is a thorny shrub with red berries, characterized by branching. It has a perennial rhizome and is characterized by erect shoots that can reach two meters in height. This is a well-known garden crop.

In the first year, the shoots are fluffy and only their lower part is covered with small and thin brown thorns. In the second year, they become strong and begin to bear fruit, after which they dry up, and new shoots grow from the rhizome and the two-year life cycle begins anew.

The plant itself not only bears tasty fruits, but also has an attractive appearance, which is why photos of common raspberries are popular. On the relatively long petioles of the subshrub there are odd-pinnate, compound and alternate leaves with an average of five to seven leaflets, the upper ones of which are trifoliate and have stipules. The white flowers of the common raspberry are small and have five petals.

The red, ruby ​​fruits of the crop are a composite drupe; in crops bred by breeders, the berries may have a yellow color. The seeds are round and very small, but hard.

The crop blooms in June-July, and the fruits begin to ripen around July-August. Common raspberries bear fruit inconsistently over the years. The weather affects the yield: cold and rainy weather interferes with the necessary pollination by insects. Common raspberries are propagated vegetatively or by seeds.

Common cranberry - creeping shrub

Common cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos) is another trailing shrub with red, bitter berries that you can grow in your garden.

• Taxon: Ericaceae family
• Other names: swamp cranberry, four-leaf cranberry, vaccinium, bearberry, swamp grape
• In English: Сraneberry, Bearberries

The Latin word oxycoccos comes from the Greek words - oxys - sharp, sour and coccus - spherical, which means "sour ball", "sour berry", after the taste of the fruit. The old species name comes from the Latin palustris - marsh.

The first European settlers called cranberries "Craneberry" (literally "crane berry"), as the open flowers on the stems reminded them of the neck and head of a crane. In 17th century New England, cranberries were sometimes called "Bearberries" because people often saw bears eating them.

Common cranberry is an evergreen shrub with red berries and creeping, thin shoots up to 80 cm in length. The stems are flexible, woody, dark brown, with erect flower-bearing branches and short thread-like fluffy annual branches. The leaves are alternate, leathery, shiny, dark green, bluish underneath with a waxy coating and in places with small glandular hairs. Leaves are 5-16 mm long, 2-6 mm wide on short petioles, oblong-ovate, sharp at the apex with entire, rolled edges. Cranberry flowers are pink-red, drooping, arranged one at a time or more often collected in groups of 2-4, less often - in groups of 6 in umbrella-shaped inflorescences on last year's branches. The pedicels are long, the calyx has four sepals, the corolla is deeply four-parted, 5-7 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide. It blooms in May-June, the fruits ripen in late August and September. The size of the berry grown in the swamp reaches 16 mm.

Together with the common cranberry, another species often grows - small-fruited cranberry (Vaccinium microcarpum). In Russia, small-fruited cranberry is considered as an independent species, but in international botanical databases it is often included in the synonymy of the species Vaccinium oxycoccos. All parts of this plant are smaller, the diameter of the berries is 4-6 mm.

Common dogwood - a luxurious garden bush

The sweet and sour taste of dogwood jam is very difficult to confuse: it is familiar to many from childhood. Common dogwood is widely popular among gardeners in our country due to its ease of care, easy cultivation and variety of varieties. From one luxurious garden dogwood bush you can collect more than 50 kg of berries

In late autumn, while picking mushrooms in the forest, people saw a bush covered in bright red, sweet-tasting berries. We took the bush into our garden. And for a long time after that they made fun of the shaitan, and he decided to take revenge. The following year, the dogwood gave people a generous harvest, but in order for it to ripen, the sun spent all its strength. Therefore, the winter was harsh and frosty. Since then, the second name for dogwood is shaitan berry, and there is a popular saying: a rich harvest of dogwood promises a harsh winter.

The common dogwood is a low, spreading shrub with red fruits or a tree 2-5 m high. In the garden, dogwood usually grows as a bush to make harvesting easier. The shoots can be easily shaped, forming a regular rounded-pyramidal crown.

The bush blooms early: in the middle zone, dogwood blooms from March 30 to April 20. Sudden cold snaps or returning spring frosts are not scary for dogwood flowers. In the cold, the flowers shrink and remain in this state until the weather warms up. Flowering in dogwood lasts 12-15 days, at the end of which the bush produces leaves.

Attention! When purchasing and planting dogwood seedlings, keep in mind that the crop is self-sterile, so to obtain a harvest you must have two or more shrubs planted nearby.

The shape and color of dogwood fruits depends on the variety: breeders have developed varieties with pear-shaped, oval-cylindrical, elliptical berries of red, maroon, yellow, pink or orange, sweet and sour in taste and with a specific aroma.

Look at the photo of bushes with red berries, the names of which can be seen above on this page:

The berries are very refreshing in the summer heat; they contain a huge amount of vitamin C, which has a strong anti-inflammatory effect and also improves immunity. Berries are added to pies and cakes, and soft drinks are prepared from them in the form of fruit drinks and compotes. They make jams and preserves.

Berries are an excellent dessert in general, but only after a good lunch. And if you don’t have the time or opportunity to prepare lunch, then be sure to order delicious pizza delivered to your home here: http://spb.zakazaka.ru/restaurants/pizza. You just have to try this pizza because it’s really delicious. Well, after you’ve had enough, you can treat yourself to some berries...

What else grows in the garden?

• One tablespoon blackcurrant Vitamin C content is equal to a whole lemon.
• According to pectin content a glass of blackcurrant is a serving of green salad.
• Half a glass of black currant contains as much vitamin B1 as 3 slices of white bread.

• B vitamins,
• Vitamin A,
• Vitamins C, E, PP,
• Iron (Fe),
• Iodine (I),
• Potassium (K),
• Calcium (Ca),
• Magnesium (Mg),
• Manganese (Mn),
• Copper (Cu),
• Molybdenum (Mo).

Berries from the forest

What are the benefits of wild berries? - a good diuretic, stone berry restores metabolism in the body, blueberry good for diseases of the stomach and pancreas, blueberry helps preserve vision, it is also a good natural antibiotic and antioxidant. If you had to take chemical antibiotics, be sure to include them in your diet cranberries, it removes from the body everything that can harm it and gently stimulates the immune system. , A.S.’s favorite berry Pushkina, also called the royal berry, contains twice as much vitamin C and ten times more vitamin A than oranges. It is very useful in dietary nutrition, has an anti-inflammatory, tonic effect.

What's exotic?

It tastes like nothing else feijoa contains as much iodine as seafood. Bright yellow large berry with a romantic name carambola, in cross section taking the shape of a five-pointed star, has a pleasant-tasting watery pulp. - a round berry measuring 5–7 centimeters. The peel is very dense, purple or brown, and the white, juicy pulp has a creamy taste, which is considered the most refined among tropical fruits. Interesting fruit cinepalum (synsepalum dulcificum) Some call it a berry, some call it a fruit. It changes the ability of human receptors to sense the taste of food. After eating these small red berries, you will taste everything sweet: both the meat and the hot sauce. Nature throws up many mysteries. Quite a little hard Pollia condensata berry has a color 10 times more intense than any of the brightest colors. It does not change over time; herbariums created 100 years ago present this berry as bright as a recently picked one. However, there is no pigment in this plant; this color is achieved due to its structure, which reflects only waves of a certain length. It's a pity that these berries are not edible.

Poisonous berry

Getting into the forest during the ripening season of berries and mushrooms, the inexperienced layman forgets that not all of them are edible and safe. From all the variety of berry plants, it is necessary to distinguish those that hide their poisonous “nature” behind their attractive and bright shell. You need to know this yourself and explain it to your children. Despite the fact that it is often advised to eat only wild berries that have been eaten by animals or birds, this recommendation is not correct. Some types of berry fruits that are dangerous to humans are eaten by animals without any consequences for themselves, so this is not an indicator of their harmlessness. The classification and photos of poisonous berries are presented below.

The main signs of intoxication caused by poisonous berries are: convulsions, cramps, rapid heartbeat, difficulty breathing, irritation of the gastrointestinal tract, depression of consciousness, dizziness. If such symptoms appear, the first step is to provide the victim with rest and cleanse the stomach. To do this, you need to drink 2-4 glasses of water with activated carbon diluted in it (2 tablespoons per 500 ml), salt or potassium permanganate (1 teaspoon per 500 ml). Repeated repetition of this procedure will help induce vomiting and empty the stomach of the toxic substance. If you have a first aid kit with you, the victim needs to take a heart remedy, as well as any laxative. If you don’t have a first aid kit at hand, black bread crackers, starch or milk will help. The victim must be provided with warmth and qualified medical assistance as soon as possible.

Poisonous berries: photos and names

To distinguish inedible fruits from ordinary ones, you need to remember their type and shape. Poisonous wild berries can not only cause intoxication of varying severity, but also death. Therefore, while in the forest, under no circumstances should you eat or touch the fruits of unfamiliar shrubs and trees with your bare hands.

1. Wolf's Bast

These poisonous forest berries are also popularly called wolfberries. This is a shrubby plant growing in mixed forests. In spring it blooms with beautiful inflorescences, very similar to lilac flowers. But even the long-term smell of this plant can cause headaches, coughing, sneezing and runny nose. In autumn, a poisonous red elongated berry appears. It is undesirable not only to consume it, but even to touch it. The bark of this plant is also poisonous, which can cause blisters and ulcers on the surface of the skin.

1. Nightshade bittersweet

The shrub grows near water bodies, in damp ravines, and oak forests. In folk medicine, nightshade fruits are used for treatment, but self-consumption is fraught with poisoning. Both its red oval fruits and leaves, which emit an unpleasant aroma, are dangerous. The bitter fruits are juicy, with many seeds; all the greenery on the bush is also poisonous.

Only unripe fruits are toxic to black nightshade berries. Completely ripe fruits can be eaten; they contain large amounts of vitamin C; the leaves are also eaten boiled. The fruits are round, black, the flesh is black-violet, and contain difficult-to-remove dyes. Fresh fruits emit an unpleasant aroma. Nightshade is found not only in forests, but also near ponds, ravines, and roadsides. You can even make jam from the fruits of black nightshade.

It is found in dry forests, coniferous and birch, as well as in meadows, forest edges, and steppe zones. This is a small plant (up to 65 cm) with spherical blue-black or red fruits, pointed leaves and white drooping flowers. When consumed or touched, symptoms of poisoning occur with gastrointestinal upset, headaches, and shortness of breath.

A low plant with one straight stem, on which one ripening fruit is round in shape and black in color. The berry has a bitter taste and unpleasant odor. Grows in coniferous and mixed forests, among shrubs. The fruits, leaves and rhizomes of the plant are equally dangerous from poisoning, the signs of which are respiratory arrest, intestinal irritation, and cardiac dysfunction. The leaves affect the human nervous system and can cause paralysis. Traditional medicine uses crow's eye to treat boils, to lubricate various wounds, and to treat pulmonary tuberculosis with alcohol tincture and a decoction of the leaves.

The well-known lily of the valley flower has poisonous wild berries of red or orange color. The fruits ripen from August to September, their consumption causes convulsions, nausea, dizziness, and cardiac dysfunction. The flowers have a pungent but pleasant smell. Medicine uses May lily of the valley to treat cardiovascular diseases. But self-medication is not recommended, just like eating fruits or placing bouquets indoors.

A plant with large cup-shaped leaves on which red berries ripen, collected in a large bunch. Grows in marshy areas. Along with the most common signs of poisoning, marsh whitefly causes irritation of the mucous membranes. Fresh leaves, stem, fruit, and especially the rhizome are toxic.

Many people are familiar with garden honeysuckle, but few people know which berries are poisonous in forest honeysuckle. They are bright red in color, collected in a small bunch. Honeysuckle berries resemble red currants. What may cause confusion regarding the edibility of the berries is that some birds peck the fruits of forest honeysuckle, but they are poisonous to humans. Only the blue berries of garden honeysuckle are edible. Forest honeysuckle bushes are often used for decorative purposes.

Euonymus is a shrub up to two meters high. Often planted as an ornamental shrub with beautiful red fruits. Birds love the berries, but eating them is dangerous for humans. The fruits look like bright red flesh peeking out from pink capsules with black seeds.

The plant is of medium height (up to 60 cm), with large oblong black fruits, they also come in red or white. The plant is highly irritating with all its parts; one touch can cause severe inflammation, accompanied by the appearance of blisters. A particularly strong reaction of the toxic substance manifests itself on the mucous membrane of the eyes and mouth. Similar to it is the red-fruited crow, which has red fruits.

The plant is widespread in the mountainous and foothill regions of Southern Russia; the fruits are small black berries with red juice inside. Small fragrant white flowers are collected in numerous umbrellas. Intoxication may result in death due to cardiac arrest or pulmonary edema. The accumulation of oxyhemoglobin turns mucous surfaces blue. However, fresh ripe fruits can be consumed in processed form.

Buckthorn poisonous berries can be found in the forest near bodies of water. The black bone fruits of buckthorn ripen in late summer. The bark and fruits of buckthorn are used as a remedy for constipation and for gastric lavage. Buckthorn fruits can be confused with bird cherry. Consumption fresh causes severe vomiting.

Many people have come across yew used in decorative hedges, but few people know what poisonous yew berries are, especially in the middle, where brown seeds are hidden under the fleshy, almost harmless part. The bark, shoots, and yew wood are also toxic. Coniferous extract can cause human death. The poison has a paralyzing effect, causing respiratory arrest and convulsions.

1. Spotted arum

It is a perennial plant with a fleshy stem and tuberous rhizome. At the end of summer, the leaves of the plant fall off, leaving stems with a large bunch of dense red berries. After ingestion, severe intoxication, if first aid is not provided, can lead to death.

Spotted arum

Thus, many of the poisonous plants, when used and processed correctly, can be beneficial and serve as a cure for many diseases. However, in no case should you self-medicate without medical skills, or ingest fresh fruits of the above toxic plants. If this happens, you must immediately provide medical assistance to the victim. And most importantly, in order to avoid unpleasant consequences, you should not eat unfamiliar wild berries, touch them with your hands, and allow children to do this.

Many bushes with red berries, in addition to aesthetic advantages, have a lot of useful properties. Growing such crops in your summer cottage means providing yourself with vitamins for the year ahead.

There are also beautiful plants, the fruits of which contain toxins and are unsafe not only for health, but also for life.

List of useful wild berries

• Most often, when people talk about red berries, they think of viburnum. This amazing plant is a real storehouse of useful substances. Kalina has been known in Rus' since time immemorial. This shrub grows up to 2-3 meters in height. The leaves consist of three "lobes". The berries are spherical in bright red color, their diameter is up to 1 cm. Flowering begins in late May-early summer. Viburnum grows in almost all regions of Europe and Asia, is unpretentious, and tolerates severe frosts and drought. Viburnum is a storehouse of useful microelements, in particular antioxidants. In the cold season, it is an effective remedy for the prevention of acute respiratory infections. The berry does not grow except in the tundra; it is unpretentious and resistant to low temperatures and pests. The berries are not afraid of heat treatment; useful components remain in them. It helps well in the treatment of insomnia and is an effective sedative. The fruits help overcome gastrointestinal dysfunction.

It should not be taken by people with increased blood clotting, as viburnum promotes the formation of blood clots.

• Rowan- This is a plant that does not belong to the family of climbing shrubs, but it is also welcomed by many farmers and country homeowners. The plant has long adapted to the climatic realities of central Russia. Due to climatic transformations, over the last twenty years, rowan bushes can often be found even in the northern regions, in the areas:

1. Yaroslavl;
2. Kostroma;
3. Pskov and Tver.

By cultivating plants in a summer cottage, a gardener kills two birds with one stone:

1. plants bear tasty and very healthy fruits;
2. Such cultures are pleasing to the eye and create a festive mood.

• Common cotoneaster is a shrub that has beautiful red fruits, similar to rose hips. The plant tolerates cold well. The leaves are wide and round. The flowers are light in color with a pinkish tint. The berries are large and bright red. Cotoneaster horizontalis is a shrub with evergreen foliage that spreads across the grass, capturing more and more new areas. By autumn, the leaves become orange with a reddish tint. It looks very impressive. For such a plant, you need to carefully select the soil.
• Dummer cotoneaster is a beautiful shrub with bright red fruits. The berries are sour, oblong, with a small seed. It can only be found in mountainous regions. The stems quickly grow in area, and in some areas they take root on their own. Usually the height is only 35 cm, no more, but this shrub can occupy significant areas. This plant is found in Siberia and the Altai Mountains. In autumn the leaves turn scarlet, the berries are red and pink and look very beautiful.

Common cotoneaster

Dummer cotoneaster

• Cotoneaster multiflorum is a plant that reaches a height of more than two meters. At the same time, the stem of the multifloral dogwood is slightly lowered. The foliage is dark green, turning red in autumn. Large flowers form inflorescences, fruits are scarlet and dark red.

• Cotoneaster Alaunsky is a plant that is registered in the Red Book. The height is no more than two meters. Small flowers present during flowering; The berries are red at first, then turn black.

• Yew(Taxus lat.) – coniferous tree, southern plant with small red berries. Sometimes called the “tree of death.” In antiquity it had great sacred significance among the ancient Greeks and Romans. The plant grows extremely slowly (no more than one millimeter per year). It can reach twenty meters in height. This plant is long-lived (up to 4500 years). In gardens there are clipped yew trees, which are used to make hedges and even decorative figures. The trunk contains toxins that are dangerous to humans. Wood has powerful bactericidal properties.

• Strawberries can be either wild or domestic. In total, there are more than ten types of this berry:

1. wild strawberry;
2. strawberries growing on the plains;
3. strawberries growing in the meadows;
4. garden strawberry (strawberry).

Strawberries have trifoliate leaves, the stems reach a length of ten centimeters. The roots lie to a depth of 20 cm. The flowers are pollinated by insects; In the middle zone, strawberries bloom in the second half of May. Grows in forests on well-moistened soils or in lowlands.

Wild strawberries have small fruits, contain a large number of useful microelements, are a good antioxidant and are at the same time a strong allergen.

• Krasnika grows in swampy areas, as well as in spruce forests in the lowlands. Habitat: Southern Siberia and Sakhalin. The leaves are oval, up to 7 cm in length. The fruits are 1 cm in diameter. Since ancient times, due to the original smell, there was a second name for these berries in Rus' - klopovka. The berries contain a large amount of flavonoids and various organic acids.

Helps in the treatment of acute respiratory infections, helps normalize the functioning of the stomach and intestines. The berries are used in the treatment of hypertension.

• Rose hip belongs to the rose family. There are a large number of varieties of this plant. You can meet it both in the north and in the south of Russia. The plant is hardy and unpretentious, does not require special care. The fruits contain a huge amount of useful microelements and vitamins. During the cold season, rose hips are often brewed into tea, which helps strengthen the immune system and improve metabolism. The shrub can sometimes grow up to five meters; small tree-like forms of this beautiful plant are also found. The rose hips are “armed” with thorns; you should use gloves and protective clothing when picking the fruits. The berries turn red in the first half of autumn and look very aesthetically pleasing. The size of the fruit may vary depending on the variety.

• Schisandra– this climbing plant belongs to the magnolia genus. The branches grow in the form of vines and reach several meters. The fruits are ovoid and large. Schisandra blooms in the second half of May. The taste of the fruit is reminiscent of the taste of lemon (hence the name). It grows in the Far East; in recent years it has often been cultivated in central Russia, especially in the black earth regions (Lipetsk, Voronezh, Tambov regions, etc.). The plant begins to bear fruit in the second year of life.

The soil for lemongrass needs well-drained soil. Reproduction occurs using cuttings and layering.

Northern

• Stone berry also has many beneficial compounds. It is often used to prevent acute respiratory infections in the cold season. It is an effective diuretic. Heals joints, relieves fatigue, prevents migraines.

• Cloudberry belongs to the herbaceous family; grows only a third of a meter in height. It has leaves with five “blades” and a round shape. Habitat is where there are marshy soils and lowlands. Ripens towards autumn. Cloudberry has many beneficial properties; in Canada it is cultivated on an industrial scale. Cloudberries contain a huge amount of vitamin. A (much more than in carrots), there is also an incredible amount of vitamin C (more than in lemon and orange). Cloudberry is used in medicine as an antiseptic and diaphoretic. The berry stimulates the gastrointestinal tract, improves the skin, and promotes metabolism activation.

It is difficult to grow this crop in a garden plot; you need to prepare soil for this, which must be waterlogged.

• Cranberry(Vacinium oxycocos) is a shrub that grows in swamps. Cranberries can be found in the forests of northern Russia in wetlands. Belongs to the heather family. The branches spread along the ground, the berries have a bitter taste and contain a large number of useful microelements. The plant is evergreen and reaches a length of one meter. The stems are elongated and very flexible. The leaves are one and a half centimeters long, the cuttings are short. The size of the dark red fruit reaches 15 mm; they ripen in summer and autumn.

Southern

• Barberry can be found in southern Europe and the Caucasus. Its height rarely reaches one and a half meters. Flowers appear at the end of May, flowering time is two weeks. This plant is very suitable for a summer cottage. Barberry tolerates pruning well, is hardy and does not require special care. Despite the fact that this is a southern plant, barberry can withstand low temperatures well. There are only a few varieties of this plant.

1. "Julianae" reaches a height of up to three meters. In autumn, the leaves of this plant are red and look very impressive.
2. "Aureomarginata"– the bush grows up to one and a half meters. The plant grows in a well-lit area. Leaves of bright colors with a golden border.
3. Variety "Thunberg", it can be found in southern China. The plant reaches a height of one and a half meters. The fruits are bitter and not suitable for eating. The shrub tolerates drought and cold well.

Julian

Thunberg

• Gumi is a culture that is found in the south of China and the Far East. In the south of Russia it can be grown in a summer cottage. The sphere-shaped fruits reach 2.5 cm and resemble dogwood. They ripen in the second half of August. The berries are delicious, reminiscent of cherries in taste. Gumi grows up to two meters in height. It is better to plant in areas that are well lit by the sun. Gumi prefers soil that is neutral in terms of acidity. Reproduction occurs by cuttings and layering.

Gumi fruits contain a huge amount of amino acids, the leaves and flowers also provide great benefits. It is especially good to make decoctions and infusions from this berry, which improves the functioning of the intestines and heart.

• Irga is a plant that is not very well known. Belongs to the family of shrubs, reaches a height of up to two meters. The leaves have a beautiful oval shape, with teeth on the edges. Grows in Europe, the Caucasus, Tunisia and Egypt. The shrub develops well and has rich harvests. Reproduction occurs using seeds and cuttings. Irga survives dry periods well and is undemanding to soil.

Among the useful elements, it is worth noting the presence of large quantities of vitamin PP, which contributes to the normal functioning of the heart muscle and ensures the elasticity of the walls of blood vessels. Irga is widely used in the culinary industry as a seasoning.

Irga

Poisonous plants

Not all red berries are safe.

• Wolfberry is called honeysuckle. Grows throughout Russia. Has beautiful inflorescences. There are several dozen varieties of honeysuckle, some even edible. Forest honeysuckle has red spherical berries; it is often confused with red currants. The toxins contained in such fruits are not fatal, but they can cause vomiting, dizziness, and diarrhea.
• The wolf's bast plant is deadly dangerous. This shrub with red berries grows in central Russia all the way to the Arctic Circle. The berries are similar to cherries in both size and color. The fruits appear very early, already in early April. The berries contain dangerous toxins, and toxins are also present in the leaves and branches of the plant.

This plant is sometimes planted as a hedge. If homeopathic doses are used, this plant can be used for medicinal purposes.

Wolfberry

Wolf's Bast

Horticultural crops

• Raspberries grows in the south and northern regions. It is distinguished by its endurance and unpretentiousness to soils. This is a shrub with a large number of miniature thorns. It reaches a height of no more than two meters. You can find this culture in almost any garden or summer cottage. The plant looks aesthetically pleasing and bears useful fruits that ripen in the second half of summer. Fruiting is unstable, the plant does not tolerate inclement weather. Raspberries contain pectins, which effectively remove heavy metals from the body. Berries contain microelements:

1. retinol (vitamin A);
2. B vitamins;
3. also a lot of tocopherol and vitamin PP.

There are people who have an individual intolerance to these berries.

• The second most popular shrub with red fruits is this is red currant. Red currant is a perennial plant that grows up to two meters. Belongs to the gooseberry species. It has leaves with five “lobes”. The berries grow in clusters. The plant grows in both the north and south of the Eurasian continent. Soils suitable are loamy and chernozem. This berry contains a huge amount of useful elements. The berries are used in the food industry to create preservatives and desserts. For medicinal purposes, red currants are used as an anti-inflammatory and antipyretic agent. Red currants have antioxidant properties and quench hunger and thirst.

• Cherry- another healthy fruit that contains a huge amount of useful substances, especially vitamins K and PP. There is also calcium phosphorus and cobalt. Cherries are called the “fruit of youth”: the reason is that the berry contains a huge amount of antioxidants that nourish tissue cells. Cherries also contain the rare element inositol, which helps activate metabolism. It is also worth noting the presence of chlorogenic acid, which has a beneficial effect on the kidneys and liver. Pectin, found in fiber, helps remove waste compounds from tissues. Iron helps enrich hemoglobin.

• Strawberry known to everyone. There are a huge number of its varieties, all of them have the following beneficial properties:

1. are a good antioxidant;
2. promote joint rehabilitation;
3. kidneys and liver can be treated;
4. may be an effective diuretic.

Disadvantages include:

1. often cause allergies;
2. People with stomach problems should not eat strawberries.

• Hawthorn– a rather large plant, sometimes reaching a height of up to 6 meters. In rare cases - up to 10 meters. The branches are covered with long thorns (up to 5 cm). The plant looks spectacular, this is a good reason why it can be found in various farms. The leaves have a wedge-shaped base (length reaches 7 cm). In the warm season the leaves are dark green, in October they are fiery red. The flowers are white with a pinkish tint, united in groups of inflorescences, the diameter of which is about 5 cm. The berries are medium-sized, 1 cm in diameter, and have up to four seeds. The pulp has a mealy base and can be of different colors. The taste is pleasant, sour and sweet at the same time.

Hawthorn is not only an aesthetically attractive plant - its berries have a healing effect and contain a huge amount of useful microelements.

• Dogwood- This is a very beautiful shrub that has lush greenery. The plant is popular in Russia and does not require special care. Grows without any difficulties. It is possible to collect up to fifty kilograms of fruit from one bush. It sometimes reaches five meters in height. The crown can reach a pyramidal shape. Dogwood blooms at the end of March; the plant is not afraid of return frosts and pests. Flowering lasts two weeks. The crop is self-pollinating, so this should be taken into account when purchasing seedlings.

It is better to plant dogwood in a male and female pair. There are a great many varieties of dogwood, the fruits are tasty and contain many useful microelements.

Indoor plants with red fruits

• Among the red berry plants that can be grown at home, it is worth highlighting nightshade. In total, there are nine dozen species of this culture in nature. Nightshade looks festive, this pampered plant requires special care:

1. appropriate temperature regime;
2. timely watering.

The plant blooms in the summer months. It grows well on the south side of the house, however, it is afraid of direct sunlight. Grows well at temperatures from 14 to 26 degrees. If the apartment is very cold, the plant will shed its leaves. If there is too much sunlight, the leaves will curl. Atmospheric humidity should be at least 55%.

To plant a plant, you need a container with well-sifted soil, which must be well moistened. The optimal positive temperature for seed germination is a little more than twenty degrees. When the seedlings appear, they need to be picked at least twice before planting. Nightshade is propagated by stem cuttings. In the container in which planting occurs, the bottom layer should be made drainage.

This crop needs pruning and replanting annually; it is wiser to carry out this operation in the second half of February. The transplant is done into a substrate that has good breathable properties. Usually the stems are shortened by half.

For more information on the use and planting of nightshade, watch the following video.

When going into the forest to pick berries, do not forget that not all of them are edible. You can often find those whose consumption, at best, will cause an upset stomach, and at worst, provoke poisoning with serious consequences. Therefore, it is necessary to have reliable information about which wild berries are edible and what they look like. The names of edible berries and their photos with a brief description are for your attention on this page.

Edible lingonberries and blackberries

Common lingonberry(Vaccinium vitis idaea L.) belongs to the lingonberry family.

These edible berries have different names in different regions of Russia: boletus (Ryazan), boletus, lingonberry, bruzhinitsa, torment (Grodn.), lingonberry, lingonberries (Malor.), brusnyaga (Belor.), brusnyaga (Vyatsk.), brusnyag, brusena (Kostr.), brusenya (Tver. ), core (Mogil.).

Spreading. In Northern and Central Russia, in the Urals, in the Caucasus, in Siberia; in forests and between bushes.

Description. An evergreen branched shrub, 10-15 cm. As can be seen in the photo, these edible berries have leathery, obovate leaves with curved edges, dotted with dotted pits below. Whitish or pinkish flowers at the ends of last year's branches - in drooping clusters; corolla bell-shaped, 4-toothed; calyx 4-partite, of three triangular acute lobes. Stamens 8, anthers hairy, without appendages; the style is longer than the corolla. The ovary is 4-locular. The fruit is a berry. The berries are initially greenish-white, then bright red.

These edible wild berries bloom in May and June.

Gray blackberry (Rubus caesius L.) belongs to the Rosaceae family.

The name of these edible berries in different Russian regions: Dereza, Dubrovka (Viteb.), Blackberry, Black Blackberry, Zhevika (Penz.), Zhivika (Don.), Yazhevika, Zhevika (Penz.), Zhevina (Mogil.), Zheviny berries (Belor.), Zhovinnik (Mogil. ), ozhina (Crimea), ozhinnik, ezhina (Malor.), azhina (Belor.), kamanika, kamenika, kumanika, kumanikha (Velikoros.), bear (Orl.), sarabalina, chill.

Spreading. In Central and Southern Russia and the Caucasus; in forests and between bushes. In gardens - with black, dark red and yellow fruits.

Description. A thorny shrub 1-3 m long. The stems are woody, erect or arched, angular, with straight or downward-curved strong thorns. The leaves are odd-pinnate, green above, gray-fluffy below, on barren shoots with 5, on fruiting shoots - with 3 leaflets. The flowers are white or pink, collected in clusters at the ends of the branches. The flowers are right. The calyx is 5-partite, adherent to the flat receptacle. Lepestkov 5; there are many stamens and pistils; columns filamentous, lateral. The fruits are mixed - black, shiny; the drupes are fused with the convex part of the receptacle.

Blooms in summer. Honey plant.

Edible wild berries of drupes and blueberries

Stone berry (Rubus saxatilis L.) belongs to the Rosaceae family.

Often these edible berries in the forest are called: kamenika, kamenka, kamenitsa, kamenitsya (Malor.), kamenichnik, drupes (Arch.), kostyanika (Penz.), kostyanitsa, kostyanitsya (Malor.), kostyanichnik, komenitsya, kostyaniga, brambles, kotsezele (Grodn.), raspberry stone .

Spreading. In European Russia, the Caucasus, Siberia; in forests and between bushes.

Description. Perennial herbaceous plant. The stems and branches are lined with thin spines and protruding hairs. The leaves are trifoliate, long-petiolate. The flowers are white, collected in a shield at the top of the stem. The calyx is 5-partite, with spinously pointed lanceolate lobes. Corolla 5-petalled; petals are small, linear-oblong. There are many stamens. Pistil made of many carpels; threadlike columns. Look at the photo of these edible wild berries: the fruit consists of a small number of large red drupes.

Blueberry(Vaccinium uliginosum). Other names are dove and gonobobel, drunkard, drunkard, fool.

Spreading. Grows in peat bogs, promoting the formation of peat, in cold and temperate countries; comes across here on Novaya Zemlya.

Description. A small shrub from the lingonberry family. Blueberry branches are round, the leaves are obovate, falling off in the winter, the corollas of five-petal flowers are ovoid, white with a pink tint, the anthers of the stamens have two horns at the back. The berries are black with a blue coating, green inside.

Blueberries are edible; jam is made from them and dried.

Edible berries in the forest cloudberries and blueberries

Speaking about which berries are edible, one cannot help but recall the “queen of the Siberian swamps” - the cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus L.), which belongs to the Rosaceae family.

Other names for cloudberries: vlak, vakhlachka, glazhevina (berries), glazhevnik (Psk., Kursk.), ironing (Novg., Olon.), glyzhi (Psk.), glazhinnik (Psk., Kursk.), glazhinina, glazhina (Psk., Novg. .), Glazovnik, Glazovye (Novg.), Kamenitsa, Komanitsa, Kumanitsa (Tver.), Kumanikha, Kumanika (Tver.), Kumanichina (Novg.), Yellow raspberry, Medvezhanik, Moklaki, Mokhlaki (Kostr.), Morozska ​​( Tver.), cloudberry, muroshka, moss currant, rokhkachi (unripe cloudberry in Arch.).

Spreading. In Central and Southwestern Russia and Siberia; on peat bogs.

Description. Perennial herbaceous plant, 8-15 cm. Creeping rhizome. The stem is erect, simple, with a single white flower at the apex. The leaves are rounded, kidney-shaped, five-lobed. The calyx is simple, with 5 sepals; corolla 5-petalled, petals heart-shaped. There are many stamens, together with the petals, attached to the edges of the convex receptacle. The pistil is one of many carpels. The fruit is a complex drupe. Immature - red, mature - orange-yellow. The fruits are edible and contain large amounts of vitamin C.

Blooms in May, June.

Blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) from the lingonberry family.

Chernitsa (Belor.), bilberry, bilberry, blueberry, chernets (Grodn.), chernega (Volog., Sarat.), chernitsov (Grodn.), dristukha berry (Tver.).

Spreading. In Northern and Central Russia, in Little Russia, in the Caucasus, throughout Siberia; in forests.

Description. A low shrub, 15-30 cm, with leaves that fall off in winter, has a woody horizontal fibrous root, from which a woody brown erect branched stem extends upward. The branches are green, planed. The leaves are alternate, short-cut, ovate, obtuse or slightly pointed, finely crenate-serrate, light green on both sides, with reticulated veins below. The flowers are bisexual, suprapistal, regular, small, drooping, on short pedicels, on young shoots solitary in the axils of the lower leaves. The calyx is suprapistal, in the form of an entire or 4-5-toothed annular ridge above the ovary, which is also preserved on the fruit. The corolla is greenish with a pink tint, disappears after flowering, almost spherical, with a 5- or 4-toothed edge, the teeth are bent outward. Stamens, 10 or 8, free, shorter than the corolla, with thin, inwardly curved filaments emanating from the circumference of the suprapistil disc and 2-locular anthers, bearing 2 seta-like appendages on the back and continued at the top
each in 2 tubes, opening at the ends with holes. The ovary is inferior, 5- or 4-celled, with an axial placenta, in each socket with several ovules, covered at the top (inside the flower) by a flat suprapistal disc; from the middle rises a thread-like column, slightly protruding from the throat of the corolla, ending in a simple stigma. The fruit is a spherical, pea-sized, 5- or 4-locular juicy, black with a bluish berry, crowned with a cup-shaped ridge and a column that remains for some time, containing several small seeds. Seeds with reddish-yellow skin. The embryo is median, almost straight, with the root facing downwards.

Blooms in May and June; the berries ripen in July and August.

Currants, hawthorn and honeysuckle are edible wild berries.

Currant (Ribes) widespread in flat European Russia, three species grow wild, in the Caucasus - six, more of them grow in Siberia, especially Eastern.

Description. A genus of plants from the gooseberry family, distinguished by the following characteristics: shrubs with alternate, simple leaves. Flowers are arranged in racemes. The flower bed is concave, fused with the ovary and turning at the edges into five usually greenish sepals. There are also five petals, free. There are the same number of stamens. The ovary is single-locular, multi-seeded. There are two columns. The fruit is a berry.

The most famous types of currants are: black currants (Ribes nigrum) and red currants (Ribes rubrum), which both grow wild in northern Europe and Siberia. The difference between them, in addition to the color of the berries, is that black currant leaves and berries are extremely fragrant from the essential oil contained in special glands that cover the lower surface of the leaves especially thickly.

Various syrups and liqueurs are also made from blackcurrant juice. The berries from many other types of currants are also eaten, but in small quantities, and they are collected from wild specimens.

Hawthorn (Crataegus)- a shrub from the Rosaceae family.

Spreading. It is found wildly throughout Central Europe and is often grown in gardens.

Description. The leaves are always split, lobed, pinnately incised, and wedge-shaped at the base. Some species have branches with thorns. The flowers, about 1.5 cm in diameter, like all Rosaceae, are white, with five parts of a calyx and corolla, many stamens and a two- to five-locular ovary, collected in whorled inflorescences, like those of rowan. The fruits are drupes, similar to rowan, but lacking its aroma and taste.

Edible honeysuckle (Lonicera edulis)

Description. Shrubs are erect, climbing or creeping, with opposite entire leaves, the main representatives of the honeysuckle family. More than 100 species are known from almost all areas of the Northern Hemisphere. There are fourteen wild species in Russia. Quite large flowers (white, pinkish, yellowish and blue) are most often located in pairs in the corners of leaves or at the ends of branches in capitate inflorescences. An irregular tubular corolla emerges from the poorly developed calyx, divided at the end into five lobes. The irregularity of flowers built according to a quintuple plan depends on the fusion of the three front petals and their uneven development, as a result of which the corolla is two-lipped. The corolla tube contains five stamens and a long pistil style. The berry-shaped fruits sit in pairs and often grow together. The upper leaves of some species grow together, forming one common plate or wide edge, through which the end of the branch passes.

Many types of honeysuckle are often grown in gardens as beautiful ornamental shrubs, well suited for groups, alleys and gazebos. Russian species bloom in early summer, that is, at the end of May and until mid-June. In Central Russia it is quite often found along forest edges and groves.

When talking about which wild berries are edible, do not forget that only the fruits of Lonicera edulis can be eaten, and the fruits of Lonicera xylosteum are not edible.

Sea buckthorn and buckthorn are edible berries in the forest

Sea ​​buckthorn(Hippophae)- a genus of plants from the sucker family.

Spreading. In the wild, it is distributed in Northern and Central Europe, in Siberia to Transbaikalia and in the Caucasus. It is grown in gardens and parks, mainly as an ornamental plant.

Description. Shrubs, mostly thorny, up to three to six meters tall. Their leaves are alternate, narrow and long, grayish-white on the underside due to the star-shaped scales densely covering them. The flowers appear before the leaves, they are unisexual, small, inconspicuous and sit crowded at the base of the young shoots, one at a time in the axil of the covering scales. Plants are dioecious. The perianth is simple, bifid. In a male flower the receptacle is flat, in a female flower it is concave and tubular. There are four stamens (very rarely 3), one pistil, with an upper, unilocular, single-seeded ovary and a bifid stigma. The fruit is false (drupe), consisting of a nut covered with an overgrown, juicy, fleshy, smooth and shiny receptacle.

There are two known species, the most famous of which is ordinary (buckthorn) sea ​​​​buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides), waxweed, dereza, and waterthorn, growing along the seashore, along the banks of streams.

The beauty of this plant is determined mainly by linear-lanceolate leaves, the upper surface of which is green and small-pointed, and the lower surface, like the young branches, is silver-gray or rusty-golden with star-shaped scales. The flowers are inconspicuous and appear in early spring. The fruits are fleshy, orange, the size of a pea, and are used for tinctures and jam.

Several varieties are known, female specimens are especially valued, since in the fall they become very beautiful from the fleshy fruits covering them. Sea buckthorn grows on sandy soil and is propagated by root suckers and cuttings.

Buckthorn (Frangula).

Description. Trees or shrubs with alternate or opposite, sometimes leathery, perennial leaves. The flowers are small, mostly greenish, bisexual or heterogeneous; the number of parts is five or four. The receptacle is concave, often tubular, the ovary is free, three- or four-locular. The fruit is a drupe containing from two to four seeds, sometimes invisibly opening, the pericarp is fleshy or almost dry. Seeds with protein. There are 60 known species of buckthorn, distributed mainly in countries with temperate climates.

Various varieties of buckthorn (brittle, American and prickly) are used in medicine. All of these drugs are used as mild laxatives, mostly in the form of infusion or liquid extract.

The following are economically worthy of attention growing wildly in our country:

Buckthorn brittle (Frangulaalnus), barkweed, medvezhina - a shrub up to 3-4.5 meters tall, found throughout Russia on fresh, fertile soil, which tolerates the shading of the canopy of tall trees and produces light reddish wood, the coal from which is used to prepare gunpowder. Propagated by seeds (seedlings after a year), cuttings and root suckers.

Buckthorn laxative, prickly, zhoster, proskurina and other local names, common in Central and Southern Russia and the Caucasus, up to 15 meters high. Prefers moist soils and is especially suitable for hedges. The hard wood (specific gravity 0.72) is used for small carpentry and turning products, while the bark is used as wood and for painting - fresh, bright yellow, dry, brown.

Edible forest berries viburnum and rowan

Kalina.

Description. Deciduous shrub from the honeysuckle family. Leaves are opposite, simple, entire, serrated or lobed. The flowers are collected in whorled inflorescences, with a regular wheel-shaped corolla, five stamens and a three-lobed ovary, two of which never develop, and from the third comes a drupe fruit with one flattened seed (stone), surrounded by a cartilaginous-fleshy shell of different shapes.

Up to eighty species are known, widely distributed in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere. Our common viburnum (Viburnum opulus) is a shrub with angular-lobed, serrated leaves on star-shaped petioles. The flowers are white, and the outer ones in the inflorescence are mostly sterile, but their corolla is four or five times larger than the middle, fertile ones. The drupe is red, elliptical, flattened. Its fruits, after freezing, are edible. Flowers and bark are used in traditional medicine in the form of teas, decoctions, and infusions. The wood is hard and is sometimes used for small turning products. It grows throughout Russia, less often in the north, along forest edges and in open areas. Garden varieties: with reddish branches and variegated leaves, dwarf, double with pinkish flowers and “snowball”, in which all the flowers are large, sterile, collected in spherical inflorescences. Black viburnum, or gourdovina, is found wildly in the southern half of Russia, especially in the Caucasus, and is more often bred and runs wild. Its leaves are oval, wrinkled, soft fluffy below, like the petioles and young branches. All flowers are small and fertile. The fruit is black, oval.

Straight young trunks with hard wood, a wide core and tightly pressed semi-cork bark are used for making chibouks, sticks, and sometimes for weaving baskets and hoops. The so-called bird glue is boiled from the bark of the roots, and the leaves are used to dye it straw-yellow.

Rowan (Sorbus)- a genus of woody plants in the rose family.

Spreading. There are about 100 species of rowan in the world, about a third of which grow in Russia.

Description. The leaves are large, odd-pinnate, with 11-23 almost sessile, oblong, sharply serrated, hairy when young, then almost glabrous. Numerous white flowers are collected in corymbose inflorescences. The inflorescences emit a specific smell. The fruit is spherical or oval, bright red in color with small seeds. The fruits contain a lot of vitamin C.

Are the berries of barberry, bird cherry and rose hips edible?

Barberry (Berberis)- a genus of shrubs of the barberry family.

Spreading. It is found in the north of Russia to St. Petersburg, as well as in Southern and Central Europe, Crimea, the Caucasus, Persia, Eastern Siberia, and North America. Some species are found in Central Asia, including in the Trans-Ili Alatau mountains in Kazakhstan. On page 250: Barberry

Description. Evergreen, semi-evergreen or deciduous shrubs, with thin, erect, ribbed shoots. The bark is brownish or brownish-gray. The leaves are collected in bunches, 4 on short shoots. The leaves are ovate, articulated with a short petiole, finely ciliated or entire. Flowers in racemes on short lateral branches. Corolla of 6 yellow petals, 6 stamens, 1 pistil. Fruit - berry, ovoid or spherical, 0.8-1.2 cm long, black or red. The seeds are rolled, ribbed, brown, 4-6 mm long.

Many people are interested in whether barberry berries are edible and how they can be used? The fruits of this plant are used in cooking, often in dried form as a seasoning for meat, for the preparation of sauces and infusions. Honey plant.

Bird cherry (Padus avium).

Description. A woody plant from the rose family, growing wild in shrubs and forests throughout Russia, up to the White Sea. The branched stem reaches up to 10 m in height. Leaves are alternate, oblong-elliptic, pointed, sharply serrate, stipules are epileptose; at the top of the petiole at the base of the plate there are two glands. White (less often pinkish) fragrant flowers are collected in long drooping racemes. There are five sepals and petals, many stamens, and one pistil. The fruit is a black drupe.

It is enough to remember the beneficial properties of the fruits of this plant, and the answer to the question “are bird cherry berries edible” will become obvious: this is an excellent restorative gift of the forest, very useful for the stomach and intestines.

Rosehip (Rubus canina).

Dog rose, growing wild, is known under the common name “rosehip”. In European Russia, there are several wild (“rose hips”) species, the most common of which are: rose hips, sirbarinnik, serbolina, chiporas, rose hips, and shishipa.

Description. This is a shrub up to 2 m tall, growing in the forest, along ravines and fields. The branches are thorny, young ones have straight subulate thorns, old ones have bent thorns located on flowering branches in pairs at the base of the petioles. The leaf consists of five to seven oval or oblong serrated glaucous leaves on the underside. The flowers are large, pink, single or collected in threes (less often four or five). The sepals are entire, longer than the petals and converging upward when fruiting. The receptacle of the fruit is smooth, spherical, red.

Previously, its roots were used against rabies, hence the Latin name “canina” (dog rose). Rose hips contain a large amount of vitamin C, and they are used in the form of infusion, syrup for the prevention and vitamin deficiency.

When picking berries, do not confuse edible and healthy ones with poisonous ones! There are few poisonous berries. They are worth remembering so as not to harm yourself or your comrades.

WOLF'S BASH (Wolf's ivy, Wolf's berry, Wolf's berry)

A small shrub, with few branches, with yellowish-gray, slightly wrinkled bark and straight stems from 0.5 to 1.5 m in height. It blooms in April-May before the leaves bloom. The flowers are pinkish-lilac or dark pink. The shape is very similar to lilac flowers - the same four petals, with a delicate aroma reminiscent of hyacinth. But it is not advisable to inhale this smell for a long time, as it can cause headaches. In autumn, the plant bears red-orange oblong berries, which are very tempting. But not only are they eaten, it is not recommended to touch them - the plant is poisonous!

The wolf's bast is found in the European part of the former USSR, the Caucasus, and Siberia, mainly in mixed forests. It never forms thickets and grows in single bushes at a considerable distance from each other. The entire wolfsbane plant is poisonous, especially the fruits. Out of ignorance, children are sometimes poisoned by them, and they also pose a danger to adults. Contact with wet bark may cause blisters and ulcers. At the same time, general poisoning of the body occurs. The very strong smell of wolf bast sometimes causes a runny nose, sneezing and coughing. For medicinal purposes, the bark is collected in the spring, when the plant is flowering, the fruits - in August, the roots - in spring or autumn.

Bittersweet Nightshade (red ovoid berries) and Black Nightshade (black or green berries)

A subshrub distributed throughout almost all of Europe (with the exception of the Far North), in northern Africa, western Asia and North America, in European Russia to Finland, in the Crimea, the Caucasus and Siberia. It is found in damp shady places, along the banks of rivers and streams, freely and between bushes. It has a creeping, highly branched, thick, tuberculate, woody rhizome, covered in places with adventitious roots. The stem (one or several) is recumbent, climbing or climbing, 1-3 m long, woody, curved, vaguely knotted, sympodially branched, covered on the outside with gray or light brown bark, inside - due to the drying of the core - usually hollow. Young branches are herbaceous, sinuous, thin, green, bare or delicately hairy. The leaves are alternate, protruding, long-petiolate, oblong-ovate; pointed, slightly heart-shaped or wedge-shaped at the base, often with 1 or 2 lateral, almost opposite, oblong ears, therefore spear-shaped, entire, wavy, bare or short-haired, dark green, sometimes with a violet tint. The flowers are of medium size, regular, bisexual, subpistillate, on rather long pedicels, drooping, collected on almost antileaf, forked, branched peduncles, almost drooping, 4-8-colored, geniculate, splayed curls. Fresh leaves emit an unpleasant odor.

The fruit is an ovoid, bright red, multi-seeded, juicy, bitter berry, supported by the remaining calyx. Seeds with fleshy protein, kidney-shaped, flat, whitish. The embryo is curved. Blooms from May to late August. All green parts of the plant have poisonous properties, but ripe fruits are almost harmless. Plant poisonous, contains poison - solanine. The berries have an attractive appearance, but are not edible, and are even slightly poisonous. Widely used in folk medicine.

NIGHTLIGHT BLACK

This is an annual herbaceous plant with a branched stem. The leaves are ovate, pointed, slightly notched. The flowers are small, white, with five stamens, collected in umbrella-shaped curls. The fruits are black spherical berries. Height 10-90 cm. The plant blooms from July to September. The fruits ripen in August-September. The fruits are berries (diameter 3-7 mm), when ripe, black, juicy, with sweet red-violet pulp, with a large number of small seeds. The juice of Black Nightshade berries contains dyes; stains from the berries are difficult to remove. In the wild, the plant reproduces by self-sowing.

Black nightshade is a Eurasian plant with a wide range, also brought to North America. In our country, it is found throughout almost the entire European part of Russia (excluding the northernmost regions) and in the south of Siberia. It grows in weedy places and wastelands in populated areas, in vegetable gardens, melon fields, orchards, vineyards, on the edges of fields and roads, in ravines, along the banks of reservoirs, in valley thickets of bushes.

The berries of black nightshade have been eaten for a long time. They are rarely eaten fresh due to their unpleasant odor. More often they are used as a filling for pies, after being scalded with boiling water, especially in the Urals and Siberia. In Siberia, jam and marmalade are made from them. They contain sugars and ascorbic acid (vitamin C), so their food use is quite justified. However, only completely ripe berries can be eaten, because unripe fruits contain some toxic compounds that are completely destroyed during the ripening process. In the Caucasus, boiled leaves of this plant are also eaten. Black nightshade berries were previously used in handicrafts as a dye. There are observations that this plant repels the Colorado potato beetle.

BELLADONNA (BELLADONNA)

Belladonna is one of the most poisonous herbs. “Mad cherry”, “sleepy foolishness” - that’s what people call it. This is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Solanaceae family with an erect, thick green or purple-colored stem, forked at the top, reaching 1.5-2 m in height. The leaves are large, ovate, entire and pointed. The lower leaves are single, alternate, the upper ones are arranged in pairs (one of them is larger than the other), covered with tiny glands.

The flowers are solitary, rather large, tubular-bell-shaped, brown-violet or dark purple (occasionally the corolla is yellow), inconspicuous in appearance. The plant blooms in June-August, bears fruit in July-September. The fruit is a shiny black-blue berry, flattened, spherical, juicy, sweet and sour, the size of a cherry. The rhizome is thick, multi-headed. In autumn it produces a poisonous black berry with a purple tint, which ripens on a dirty purple (or green) stem. Blooms with bell-shaped brown-purple flowers. Belladonna is widespread in the Crimea, the Caucasus, and the Carpathians. Found in clearings, forest edges, and shady meadows. It is also found in central Russia.

LILY OF THE MAY

May lily of the valley is a perennial herbaceous plant of the lily family with a creeping branched rhizome and thin roots at the nodes. The underground rhizome is no thicker than a goose feather; near the top it bears several pale small lower leaves, half hidden in the ground.

From the tops and lateral branches of the rhizome shoots arise, consisting of 3-6 vaginal leaves. The leaves of the lily of the valley are basal, long-petioled with an oblong-elliptical pointed leaf blade, thin, entire, bright green, bluish on the upper side and shiny on the lower side.

The flower arrow is smooth, triangular in the upper part, 15-20 cm high. The perianth is snow-white with slightly bent six teeth. Inside the flower, the pistil is surrounded by six stamens on short filaments attached at the base of the perianth.

The plant has a strong but pleasant aroma and blooms from late May to June. The fruit is a juicy three-lobed spherical orange-red berry that ripens in August-September. The plant is poisonous. Lily of the valley is widespread in the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere - in the Crimea, the Caucasus, the eastern part of Siberia, the Far East and the European part of Russia.

Grows in light deciduous and coniferous forests, in shrubs. Forest edge plant. The bright red berries that appear in autumn - the fruits of lily of the valley - are poisonous.

RAVEN'S EYE four-leaved (CROSS GRASS, PARIS COMMON)

This is a perennial herbaceous plant 15-45 cm high with a creeping rhizome. The habitat of the crow's eye is shady forests and moist soils. Found in beech, mixed and coniferous forests among bushes and at the foot of slopes.

This plant has a very characteristic appearance and can be recognized immediately. Four wide oval leaves extending from one point of the stem are arranged in a horizontal plane like a cross. The leaves have no petioles and are sessile. The leaves are attached to the top of the stem, which is cylindrical, straight, and rather tall. A branch-peduncle rises above the leaves, which ends in a flower. This branch is much shorter and thinner than the stem. Crow's eye always produces only one flower. This happens only in a few plants. Much more often we encounter this case when there are several or many flowers and they are collected in inflorescences.

Crow's eye blooms in late spring. But its flowering usually goes unnoticed by anyone. The flowers of the plant, although not too small, do not stand out in any way, as they have an inconspicuous greenish color. They don't attract much attention to themselves.

The crow's eye flower is such that it is difficult to say how long ago it bloomed. Its appearance at the beginning of flowering is almost the same as at the end. The tepals and stamens do not fall off after flowering and remain on the plant. These parts of the flower gradually dry out over time, and the pistil turns into fruit - small black - berry. The dark berry is much more noticeable than the flower; it always attracts attention. However, many stems bear only one leaves, arranged in a cross. Flowering is not always observed.

Aboveground shoots of crow's eye grow in the spring from rhizomes that have overwintered in the soil. It is long, creeping, light brown, two or three matchsticks thick. Such rhizomes can quickly grow to the sides. The end of the rhizome is sharp, it easily penetrates into loose forest soil. Here and there on the rhizome one can see peculiar, modified underground leaves - dry brown scales the length of a fingernail. Thread-like roots are also visible, which supply the plant with water.

Don’t be surprised if you come across raven’s eye plants in the forest that have not four leaves, but five or even six. Such deviations sometimes occur. But most often four leaves develop. It is because of this that the raven's eye is called four-leaf.

Every year the shoot of the raven's eye increases by one segment, by the number of which the age of the plant can be determined. During fruiting, the raven's eye has an unusual appearance - it resembles a plate on a leg. The black berry of this plant is very similar to the eye of a raven, hence the similar name. All parts of the plant, especially the berries, are poisonous; it contains saponins, paridin and paristipin. Distributed in the middle regions of the European part of Russia, in Siberia, Ukraine, Belarus, and the Caucasus. A shade-loving plant that grows in shady coniferous, deciduous and mixed forests on moist soil.

The fruit is a bluish-black berry. Different parts of the plant have different effects: rhizomes - emetic, berries - on the heart, leaves - on the nervous system Signs of poisoning: nausea, vomiting, colicky pain, diarrhea, convulsions, cardiac dysfunction, respiratory arrest, paralysis.

SNOWBERRY WHITE (Brush)

Deciduous shrub up to 1.5 m tall, with a rounded crown and long thin shoots. The leaves are simple, ovate or almost round, entire, sometimes notched-lobed up to 6 cm long, green above and bluish below. Small pink flowers are collected in dense racemes, located throughout the shoot and making the bush, despite the small size of the flowers, very elegant.

It blooms profusely and for a long time, and on the shoots you can see not only blossoming flowers, but also ripe fruits - berry-shaped, spherical, up to 1 cm in diameter, white, very elegant, juicy, stay on the shoots for a long time, decorating the plants even after the leaves have fallen.

Distributed in the forest zone of North America. It was brought to Russia in the 19th century and began to be widely grown as an unpretentious and undemanding beautiful shrub in terms of cultural conditions. Can grow on rocky, calcareous soils, in partial shade. Its white round berries are very tempting, but inedible.

Euonymus warty

A shrub from the euonymus family (Celasfraceae) with a well-developed root system. The stems are up to 2 m high. Sometimes this shrub for some reason becomes single-stemmed and takes the form of a tree up to 3 m high. The bark of young above-ground shoots is green, later turning brown, densely planted with black-brown or reddish cork warts, hence the name of the plant.

The bark of the trunks is almost black, wrinkled, with whitish cracks. Leaves are opposite, oblong-ovate, from 1.5 to 6 cm long and 0.7-3 cm wide, pointed at the apex, thin, leathery, dark green above, light green below, sometimes pubescent along the veins on the underside of the blade. , finely serrate along the edge, with short petioles.

Flowers with an unpleasant odor, about 1 cm in diameter, are collected in 3-9 inflorescences-semi-umbrellas, located in the axils of the leaves. Calyx of 4 sepals. Corolla of 4 almost rounded petals of greenish-brown or brownish color with purple or dark red spots and dots. There are 4 stamens with almost sessile whitish anthers. Pistil with upper ovary.

Fetus- 4-lobed pink or reddish pear-shaped box, about 6 mm long and 8-12 mm in diameter, almost square in cross-section, with rounded edges. When ripe, it cracks and 1-2 seeds from each nest hang outward on thin threads. The seeds are black, shiny, ovoid, 6-7 mm long, half surrounded by a fleshy, juicy brick-red apex, the so-called roof. The result is an extremely interesting formation, similar to an earring.

Ripe fruits give the euonymus a bright picturesque appearance. The beauty of the plant during this period of its life is complemented by the leaves, which acquire a yellow-pink color in the fall. Euonymus blooms in May - June, the fruits ripen in August - September. Blooms in May-June. Bears fruit in August-September. These are orange berries with a black dot, hanging on a long grassy thread. They - like wolfberries, like elderberries and buckthorns - are inedible and poisonous!

Euonymus warty is common in forest and forest-steppe zones throughout Europe, as well as in the Caucasus and Asia Minor. In European Russia it reaches Pskov and Kostroma in the north, and Izhevsk in the east.

It has good shade tolerance, which allows it to grow in the undergrowth of different types of broad-leaved, mixed and pine forests, where the tree stand is formed by oak, linden, hornbeam, maple, ash and other species that provide deep shade. On a hectare of forest area there can be from several dozen euonymus bushes to 8 thousand. Often found in forest ravines and bush thickets, including river valleys.

For medicinal purposes, the fruits of euonymus are used as an emetic and laxative. Cardiac glycosides have recently been isolated from the seeds.

CHICUTA (VEH POISONOUS)

Perennial herbaceous plant of the umbrella family (Umbelliferae), with the scent of parsley (celery). The rhizome in early spring is completely dense and almost round, in autumn it is oblong, hollow inside and divided by transverse partitions into separate chambers. The stem is hollow inside, finely grooved, up to 130 cm in height, branched at the top. The leaves are on long petioles, double-pinnate, and below triple-pinnate. Umbrellas with 10-20 smooth rays; there is no wrapper or it consists of 1 - 2 leaves; wrappers - from 8 - 12 linear leaves.

The flowers are usually white, less often yellow or greenish-yellow, small, regular, five-toothed calyx, 5 petals. Blooms in July - August, fruits ripen in September. Distributed in Eurasia. The poisonous weed grows in sedge-mossy and grassy swamps of the transitional type, along ditches, river banks, bushes, along swampy alder forests, often right in the water. The plant is highly poisonous, especially the rhizome!

SWAMP WHITERIP

Along the banks of rivers and lakes, in swamps and marshy meadows near forests and in the bays of drying oxbow lakes, the marsh whitewing attracts attention - a close relative of the cultivated kaalla, which we give to relatives and friends on special days. The leaves of wild calliper are dark green, lacquered, on long petioles, wide, pointed and with noticeable veins.

The flowers are collected into a spadix and wrapped in a spathe, which is pure white on the inside and has a pale green tint on the outside.

The fruits of the calliper - very beautiful bright red berries - are attached to the main trunk. Each berry contains 6-8 egg-shaped achenes. When ripe, the fruit is freed from its white covering, produces mucus, and is then immersed in water. Fresh fruits, leaves and other parts of the plant are very poisonous, especially the rhizome.

Grows: Temperate to tropical regions throughout the northern hemisphere. It is found in many regions of Russia, from the European part to Siberia and the Far East. A marsh plant, it lives along the marshy banks of reservoirs and rivers, in swampy and damp places.

The leaves are solitary, on long petioles, alternate, oval-heart-shaped, with pointed ends and a smooth edge. The leaf blade is thick, shiny, 6-14 cm long, 5-11 cm wide, with pinnate-arcuate venation, ovate-heart-shaped, drawn-pointed at the apex; densely green on top and paler on the underside. Numerous lateral arcuate veins extend from the middle vein at different levels and, bending forward, merge into several veins reaching the top of the leaf blade. The petiole, up to 1 cm thick, extends above the base of the membranous vagina, the upper part of which protrudes freely, forming a large tongue. On dried material, the petiole often turns yellow or orange.

Flowers unisexual small, up to 1 cm, without perianth, collected in dense inflorescences-cobs on a thick vertical branch, surrounded by a leaf-veil, green on the outside and white on the inside. The spathe turns green after the flowers are pollinated and serves for additional photosynthesis. The height of the inflorescence is equal to the length of the leaf.

Fruit- small (6-8 mm in diameter) bright red juicy berries, ripen a month after flowering, form a cylindrical cob. In the European part of Russia it bears fruit at the end of August. Flowering time- from May to July.

ELDERBORN HERBAL (STINKING)

Shrub or small tree 3-7 m tall, gray trunk and branches, with lentils along the bark. The core of the branches is white and soft. The leaves are dark green, opposite, imparipinnate, consisting of 5-7 pairs of oblong-ovate leaflets and an apical unpaired one. The flowers are small, fragrant, yellowish-white, collected in large multi-flowered corymbose panicles. The fruit is a spherical purple-black berry-shaped drupe. Blooms in June - July.

Spreading:

Natural thickets of black elderberry are concentrated in Ukraine, Crimea and the Caucasus in the undergrowth of deciduous forests and shrub thickets. In the Middle Volga region, black elderberry is sometimes bred in parks and gardens. It runs wild easily, so it can sometimes be found in the wild in the deciduous forests of the region. Elderberry leaves, flowers and unripe fruits are poisonous (ripe ones are eaten fresh and processed). Toxicity is caused by cyanogenic glycosides sambunigrin and d-amygdalin.

Elderberry poisoning causes dizziness, headache, weakness, sore throat, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Typically, the mucous membranes are stained blue as a result of the accumulation of oxyhemoglobin in the venous blood. Tachycardia gives way to bradycardia in the later stages. There is shortness of breath with a delay in exhalation, convulsions are possible. Death occurs from respiratory arrest due to acute heart failure.

RED-FRIED VORONETS

A perennial herbaceous plant with a thick rhizome. The stems are herbaceous, annual, smooth or slightly pubescent at the top, up to 70 cm high. The leaves are three times trifoliate, the leaflets are oval, narrowed at the base. The flowers are small, white, whitish, collected in a short oval raceme. The fruits are red. Blooms in May-June. All parts of the plant are poisonous.

It is found in the European part of Russia (Karelo-Murmansk, Dvina-Pechora, Ladoga-Ilmen, Volga-Kama, Zavolzhsky regions), in Eastern and Western Siberia, in the Far East (Okhotsk, Kamchatka region, Primorye, Amur region, Sakhalin, Kuril Islands). Grows in coniferous, mixed and birch forests, on forest edges, placers, in bushes, on river banks, singly or in several groups. The plant is poisonous. Rhizomes and grass (stems, leaves, flowers) are used for medicinal purposes. Found in coniferous and mixed forests and along their edges.

In total, 3 species of the Voronets genus grow in Russia, all of them are forest rhizomatous perennials, similar to each other. Red-fruited crow(A. erythrocarpa Fisch.) differs in the color of the fruit (red, less often white), grows in the forest zone of the European (northern half of the zone) and Asian parts of the country, including Sakhalin Island; pointed crow(A. acuminata Wall ex Royle) with black fruits on thick stalks grows in the forests of the Far East. In the European part of Russia in the forest zone it is found almost everywhere Voronets spica ( Actaea spicata L.)

HEMMOCK MOCKED (OMEG)

A highly poisonous plant! Biennial plant with spindle-shaped root. The stem is up to 2 m in height, highly branched in the upper part, with a bluish bloom, often with red spots at the base. The leaves are twice or four times pinnately dissected. The involucres of the 10-20-rayed umbels consist of 5 leaflets and are bent back. Flowers with an indistinct calyx and 5 white petals.

The fruits are round-ovoid, with wavy longitudinal ribs. The plant has a specific “mouse” smell. It grows in wastelands, near housing, along roads, less often in fields and among bushes in the European part of Russia, the Caucasus, Central Asia and Western Siberia. In folk medicine, hemlock is used as a sedative, anticonvulsant and analgesic for painful conditions accompanied by convulsions or spasms of internal organs - chorea, epilepsy, whooping cough, migraine. Spotted hemlock is an excellent pain reliever for cancer.

HOW TO DISTINGUISH EDIBLE BERRIES FROM POISONOUS BERRIES

Edible berries are eaten by many birds and animals, so if there are pecked berries, accumulations of droppings on branches and trunks, and on the ground under a tree or bush there are scraps of peel, a lot of seeds, etc., and maybe there will be a squirrel or hedgehogs hiding berries eaten by land animals, this means that the berries are most likely not poisonous. But it should be noted that this rule cannot be absolutely trusted, since some animals eat berries that are dangerous to humans. Among the poisonous berries, black spherical, cherry-like berries of belladonna (belladonna) should be highlighted. Particularly poisonous are the small ovoid-spherical, laterally flattened fruits of the speckled hemlock (omega spotted), as well as the red, juicy, pea-sized fruits of the wolf's bast (common wolfberry, laurel), which have a burning juice that burns the mouth, and the lethal dose is 3-5 berries.

Crow's eye is a completely poisonous plant, especially the bluish-black shiny berries, which cause nausea, vomiting, pain, cramps, upset stomach, paralysis. The bright red, shiny, elongated, sweet-tasting berries of bittersweet nightshade cause rashes and skin inflammation. The berries of arum, akucuba, bryonia, datura and holly, euonymus, mistletoe, gorse, yew, castor bean, wild grapes and privet are also poisonous.

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There are so many berries in our forests! Red, blue, black, yellow, all kinds. The red berry of any plant is always appetizing to look at. Bright, beautiful, with a glossy side, it hangs on a branch between green leaves. The hand reaches out to pick it and put it in the mouth. But be careful! Not all red berries are safe. There are ruthless poisoners among them, and if you eat them, you can pay with your life. Nature gave us wonderful plants. These are raspberries, strawberries, rose hips, cranberries, viburnum, lemongrass, lingonberries and many others. Their red berries are known to everyone and, perhaps, everyone knows about their benefits. They are used to make jams and compotes, bake pies and prepare tinctures, eat them raw and are successfully used in medicine. But in forest glades you can find no less beautiful red berries, which should be avoided. The people dubbed them “wolves,” although each of them has its own name.

Honeysuckle

This one is most often called It is found not only in forests almost throughout Russia, it is also planted as a hedge. Honeysuckle has some pretty nice creamy, white or bee-pleasing flowers. Among the many varieties of this plant there are also edible ones.

Their fruits are slightly elongated, dark blue or almost purple. Either the forest or the common one in question has a red berry. It is small in size, spherical, very juicy, bright, shiny, and perfectly decorates the bush. Often two berries grow together in pairs. Children mistake them for red currants. The berries of real honeysuckle taste bitter, so you can’t eat a lot of them, but it’s better not to try them. No deaths have been reported after eating small amounts of inedible honeysuckle. But those who have tasted these berries may experience poisoning with fever, stomach pain, nausea, vomiting and bowel dysfunction.

Lily of the valley

This delicate fragrant flower, which delights us in the spring, is unusually poisonous. The fruit of the lily of the valley is a round red berry, located on a stem on thin, slightly curved stalks. Lily of the valley grows almost everywhere - in deciduous, coniferous and mixed forests, in oak forests, in gardens and flower beds. He especially likes edges and clearings with fairly moist soil.

The berries stay on the plant for a long time. They pose a particular danger to animals. People are rarely poisoned by them. The poison contained in all parts of the flower is called convallatoxin. Once in the body, it can cause cardiac arrest. Those who eat a small amount of berries show all the signs of food poisoning. It is noteworthy that even the water in which lilies of the valley stand becomes poisonous. But in strictly fixed doses, the plant is used in official medicine to treat heart diseases. Traditional medicine uses lily of the valley much more widely, for example, for rheumatism, headaches, and eye diseases.

Deadly wolfberry

Wolf's bast, plohovets, wolfberry - all these are the same shrub with red berries. You can see it in the forests of Russia right up to the Arctic zone. It blooms earlier than other trees and shrubs, decorating the edges already in March. Its berries are bright, juicy, very beautiful, approximately the size of a cherry pit.

They contain poisonous juice, which, if it comes into contact with the skin and mucous membranes, causes itching, redness, and inflammation. Symptoms of poisoning are similar to those that occur with gastroenteritis. All parts of the wolfberry are poisonous. They contain a large number of substances dangerous to humans - diterpenoids, coumarins, daphnin, miserein, coccognin and others. Wolfberry is planted as an ornamental plant and in gardens. Avicenna also used it in his recipes. Traditional healers use this plant externally, in the form of decoctions and tinctures, for rheumatism, gout, sore throat, dermatosis, toothache and many other diseases, but it is officially prohibited to use it for medicinal purposes.

Swamp Calliper

This very beautiful graceful plant is widely known as calla lily. It is happily grown in flower beds and used in bouquets. In nature, whitefly can be found where there is sufficient humidity. It grows in the European part of Russia, Siberia, and the Far East. All its parts are poisonous. Calla lilies' flowers are small and inconspicuous, gathered into cobs. They are decorated with a white blanket, which many take for a large petal.

The fruit of the plant is a red berry, somewhat reminiscent of a large mulberry on a stalk. Calla lily juice causes irritation and inflammation of the skin, and if it gets into the stomach, nausea, vomiting, convulsions, and irregular heart rhythms appear. Pets are often poisoned by the leaves and fruits of calla lilies. They begin to drool profusely, tremble, have a bloated abdomen, and their pulse becomes very weak but rapid. Death without taking immediate measures occurs within an hour. The rhizome of calla lilies is mainly used for medicinal purposes; even after special processing, they are added to some dishes.

Voronets

This herbaceous plant with red berries can be found in coniferous and mixed forest belts, on swamp hummocks, on clay and rocky slopes. It is sometimes used in gardens as a flower bed ornament, mainly for its beautifully carved leaves. Voronets have many other names, including bedbug (due to its unpleasant odor), stinkweed, Christophorus grass, and again, wolf berries. Voronets bloom in May-June. In place of small white flowers, which stay on the stem for only a couple of days, berries appear.

Depending on the species, they can be not only red, but also white and black. There are up to two dozen of them on the stalk. They are also small, round, shiny, resemble a small bunch of grapes and are very attractive to look at. All parts of the black crow are poisonous. If it enters the stomach, people experience nausea with vomiting, severe pain in the abdominal area, convulsions, and clouding of consciousness.

Arum

In appearance, this plant resembles a calla lily, only its cover is not white, but dirty green-purple, similar to decaying meat. The smell is about the same. The plant needs this to attract carrion and dung flies - its only pollinators. But the arum fruit is quite nice.

Its bright, shiny red berries look unusually attractive on an erect stem. The photo shows that they form something like a cob and look like beads stuck to one another. They are only poisonous while fresh. Dried berries are used in folk medicine to treat bronchitis, hemorrhoids and some other diseases. Arum grows almost throughout Europe and Asia. It can be seen on river banks, meadows, pastures, in bush thickets and on rocky mountain slopes.

Nightshade bittersweet

There are about 1000 species. The poisonous one is the one whose berries are red. Black berries are quite edible; they are even used to make jams, compotes, and bake pies. Nightshade is found in many regions of Russia, Ukraine, Moldova, and Belarus. Grows like a weed. Some gardeners plant it to decorate fences and hedges.

Nightshade fruits are bright red, slightly elongated, reminiscent of greatly reduced bunches of cherry tomatoes. Alkaloids, steroids, carotenoids, and triterpenoids were found in their pulp and seeds. The taste of nightshade berries is sweet at first, but afterwards there is a bitterness in the mouth. In case of poisoning, coordination of movement is impaired, the heart rate increases, and abdominal pain appears.

Red elderberry

Walking in the second half of summer along the edge of a forest or in a park, you can see spreading bushes decorated with lush berry clusters. This is elderberry. Just don’t confuse it with the black edible one.

This type of elderberry does not mean that it is not yet ripe. It's just a completely different species of the same plant family. The red elderberry is very beautiful, so it is readily cultivated to decorate alleys, parks and squares. Its berries are a bit like rowan berries, but the leaves and the plant itself are completely different. Birds eat its red berries with pleasure, but they are poisonous to humans due to the presence of amygdalin in them, which turns into hydrocyanic acid in the stomach. In small doses, traditional medicine suggests using red elderberry berries as a medicine. Important: it has already been proven that red elderberry does not save you from cancer.

Euonymus

Probably, many will be interested in the name of the red berry of a very unusual appearance - bright, juicy, with black dotted eyes. This is a verrucous euonymus. Its fruits have a rather pleasant taste, so forest birds readily peck them.

People seeing this may think the berries are safe. But euonymus is poisonous, and all parts of this beautiful plant are dangerous. Symptoms of poisoning by attractive berries are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, convulsions, general weakness, and cardiac dysfunction. Euonymus grows in broad-leaved groves and forests; it loves oak forests and places with lime-rich soils. In populated areas it can be seen in the form of a spectacular hedge.

What to do in case of poisoning

Some authors give recommendations on how to recognize whether berries are poisonous or not. One of the main signs of safety is the consumption of berries by birds and animals. However, focusing on this, you can pay with your life. So, birds eat the berries of euonymus, elderberry, nightshade, honeysuckle and others without the slightest harm. To avoid trouble, you need to be guided by another rule - if you don’t know what the red berry is called and what it is, it’s better not to touch it. According to statistics, berry poisoning is more common among children. Adults should explain to them what berries grow in their area. If poisoning does occur, before the ambulance arrives, you need to rinse the victim’s stomach, give adsorbents to drink and ensure rest.

Berries are a favorite food on the table at any time. The sweet, pleasant aroma of berries beckons. Here are the names of berries that will make your mouth water, but you will hear some names of berries only for the first time.

You will come across some amazing berry names on the list that are actually berries. You may be confused, but some fruit names are not berries. The fine line that separates these fruits is a classification defined in botany.

How is the term berry understood in botany? Berries are fruits that have internal pulp, edible peel, and pericarp produced from a single ovary. In other words, it is one ovary with pulp that grows in a juicy fruit, and there is no barrier between the seeds and the pulp on which these seeds feed.

Layman's understanding of berries: All small, juicy, colored fruits with pulp are berries.

List of berries.

Proper Berries: These meet the botanical definition of a berry. Therefore they are real berries.

Barberry: Barberry fruits are small berries, red or dark blue in color. Barberries are long and narrow fruits. They are used to make jams and tinctures. They are rich in vitamin C.

Elder: They have antioxidant properties that reduce cholesterol, improve vision, strengthen the immune system, and also eliminate heart problems, coughs, colds, flu, bacterial and viral infections, tonsillitis. Many other products are also added to ice cream: cocktails, jams, semi-finished products, muffins and syrups.

Grape: Grapes contain vitamins A, C, and B6. They also contain potassium, calcium, magnesium and folic acid.

Honeysuckle: They are rich in calcium, magnesium, potassium, vitamin C and quercetin (an acid that fights free radicals). Honeysuckle has been used in Chinese folk medicine for centuries. There are some poisonous varieties of honeysuckle. Therefore, it is better to buy honeysuckle in a store than to pick it in nature. You can read about it here.

Viburnum reddish: These berries can be eaten raw or processed. Once picked from the tree, they spoil quickly and can only be stored for 3 days in the refrigerator, or must be frozen, canned or dried. All parts of the plant are used in medicine.

Red Ribes: These are small round red or white berries that are used to make jam, pies and salads. They contain a lot of vitamin C, iron, potassium and dietary fiber.

Gooseberry: These are small round berries that are striped in color. Unripe fruits are green in color, while ripe ones are pink to yellow.

Mahonia holly (Oregon grape): They look like grapes and are blue or purple in color. They look like they are covered in powder. They are known to be anti-inflammatory and antibacterial in nature.

Sea ​​buckthorn: These orange berries are the size of grapes. They are rich in antioxidants and vitamins, which help reduce weight and protect against dementia.

Podofil: Podofil grows wild, mainly in the forest. Most podophila do not bear fruit and have only one leaf. Those that bear fruit have 2 leaves and only one flower, which then turns into a fruit. In the budding phase, the fruits are green, hard and poisonous. However, it gradually turns yellow and becomes soft, and when ripe it has a pleasant taste.

Tomato: It is a common fruit and vegetable in the human diet, classified botanically as a berry. Tomatoes are the most common fruit in garden plots.

Currant: These are red, green, yellow or black berries. They were dried and used as raisins.

Black currant: These are popular aromatic berries similar in appearance to red currants. I use them to make jams, pies, ice cream, cakes, etc. Blackcurrants contain vitamin C. The berries also contain potassium, phosphorus, iron and vitamin B5.

Rose hip: These are red oval berries, also known as wild rose. They are the pome fruits of the rose. Berries are rich in vitamin C.

Drupes: They have a tough skin and only one seed inside. They are also called stone fruits.

Chokeberry: There are two types of chokeberry, chokeberry and red rowan. Purple chokeberry is a hybrid of the above listed berries. The berries are used to make juices, jams, etc. They are also used as a flavoring and coloring agent. The berries are high in vitamin C and antioxidants.

Acai: These small round black berries are Brazil's largest cash crop. They are used to make juices, cocktails and various other drinks. These berries are known for their antioxidant properties.

Barbados cherry (acerola, acerola cherry, malpighia naked): This berry is native to the West Indies and Central America. The juice of these berries is also popular in the West Indies, just like orange juice in America. The vitamin C content in this berry is almost 65 times more than in an orange!

Dereza vulgaris (Goji berries): Externally, the berries look like dried and shriveled berries. They are also called wolfberries. They are usually cooked before consumption. They are used to prepare herbal tea, wine, rice water, Goji juice, etc. They contain 11 essential and 22 trace dietary minerals, 18 amino acids, 6 essential vitamins, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, dietary fiber, etc.

Irga canadensis: The berries have large seeds covered with a hardened crust. Ripe berries are red or purple in color. They are mainly eaten by birds. The berries are sweet.

Canadian pride: These are seasonal berries with a stone, blue-black in color. They are food for birds and animals.

Fruit tree frame: The winter fruit turns red or orange when ripe. Although the fruits are edible, they are rarely used in food. However, they are happily eaten by wild birds and animals, who eat them throughout the winter.

Persimmon: They are not considered berries, but in fact they are according to the botanical classification. Persimmons are red or orange in color. Contains glucose and protein. Persimmon is used in medicine.

Bird cherry virginia: Unripe red berries have a sour, astringent taste. Ripe berries are dark in color and not very tart in taste. The berries are used to make jelly, jam and syrup. They require a lot of sugar or sweetener to preserve.

Emleria: The berries are oval green and hard when ripe and subsequently turn reddish, and ripe berries are black-purple in color.

Suprapistillate berries (false berries): These develop from the inferior ovary, unlike true berries, which develop from the superior ovary.

Cowberry: Lingonberries are used to make jam, juice, syrup, compote, sauce, etc. Lingonberries are rich in vitamin C, provitamin A, vitamin B (B1, B2, B3), potassium, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus.

Crowberry: These dry black berries are very similar to blueberries in appearance and taste. They are used as a natural food coloring. Native Americans use them to cure sore eyes. They contain few vitamins and a lot of water.

Cranberry: The berries are white when unripe and red when ripe. They are used to make juice, sauce, wine, etc. Eating cranberries in large quantities is very good for health. The berries contain high levels of vitamin C, fiber, mineral salts and manganese.

Bearberry: Berries are brown-red in color. The berries have many medicinal properties. Herbal tea from bearberry is used in the treatment of nephritis.

Blueberry: The berries are dark blue or purple in color. They are used in jams, purees, juices, pies and muffins. They contain high levels of antioxidants and can help prevent the development of many diseases. For example, diseases of the stomach, heart, dystrophy.

Juniper Berries: They are green in color when not yet ripe and ripe berries are purple-black in color.

Fruits: These are berry-shaped fruits. However, they do not develop from a single ovary like true berries. Many ovaries from one or more flowers unite into one, making up a berry-like fruit.

Boysenberry: These berries are burgundy in color, the shiny large juicy berries are a hybrid between raspberries, blackberries and loganberries. They are added to pies and pies.

Voskovnik: The birthplace of berries is China. The berries are dark red in color. These berries can be eaten or used to make jam, pickles, wine and juice.

Blackberry: This berry is most common in the UK. These are small, dark, purple berries that are the main ingredient in jams and pies. Berries contain a lot of vitamin C.

Gray blackberry: They are part of the blackberry family and are sweeter than blackberries. Unripe berries are dark red in color, while ripe ones are dark purple. However, the striking feature is that the male and female plants grow separately.

Irga: These are red berries, ripe black and blue. They are similar in size to blueberries. They are used to make jams, muffins, etc.

Irga spicata: These are sweet berries that are used to make pies and jams.

Irga alnifolia: This berry is native to Canada and is very similar in appearance to blueberries. The berries are rich in vitamin C, manganese, magnesium, iron, calcium, potassium, copper and carotene.

: It is the most popular fruit all over the world. Strawberries are used to make various culinary dishes, jams, ice cream, sauces, pies, cakes, milkshakes, etc. Strawberries contain high levels of vitamin C, manganese and folic acid.

Loganberry: These are ruby ​​red, sweet, juicy berries. They are used in making juices. Berries contain vitamin C, calcium, iron, potassium, fiber and carbohydrates.

Raspberries: These are small red berries that ripen in summer or fall. They are used to make jam, jellies, pies and ice cream. They contain a lot of vitamin C, manganese, vitamin K and magnesium.

Raspberry fragrant: The berries are red. These fruits are so fragile that they can break when you pick them up.

Purple raspberry: These are red or orange berries. Contrary to their name, they are not suitable for wine production due to their astringency.

Cloudberry: Ripe berries have a pleasant taste and color from yellow to orange-red. They are used to make jams, sweets, marmalade and wine. Native Americans eat these berries with dried red caviar, hence the name Salmonberries.

Mulberry: These berries are red, purple and black in color. The berries are used to make pies, cakes, liqueurs and jams.

Marionberry (marion berries): This is a hybrid. They are darker than blackberries and are used to make pies, cakes, ice cream and jellies.

Olallieberries: These berries are found primarily in California. They are rich in vitamin C and fiber, which are beneficial in reducing the risk of cancer.

Youngberry Large: Sweet reddish black berry, a hybrid of blackberry and black currant. They ripen 2 weeks earlier than blackberries. The berries are rich in vitamins A, C and B1, calcium, and cellulose.

Poison Berries: These berries fit the botanical description of berries, and some just look like berries. These are poisonous berries that should not be eaten.

Wolfberry (Wolf's Bast): The berries of this plant have a fragrant smell and are poisonous. They come from Eurasia, North Africa and Australia.

Voronets: The berries grow on flowering herbaceous plants belonging to the family ranunculaceae. Poisonous berries contain a cardiogenic toxin. These toxins affect the cardiac muscle tissue, leading to cardiac arrest and death.

: These large berries are white in color and have a black mark that resembles an eye. The berries are very poisonous. In English, the berries are called Doll's Eyes Berries.

Lakonos(phytolacca): These dark purple berries are poisonous to humans, but birds eat them. Two species of this plant grow in Russia.

Lily of the valley: This plant is completely poisonous due to the convallatoxin it contains. In Russia, it is distributed in the European part, the Mountainous Crimea, Transbaikalia, the Amur region, Primorye, Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands.

Ligustrum (privet): The berries of this plant are poisonous and black in color. One species grows in the south of Russia. The flowers of this plant are purple.

False pepper nightshade(Jerusalem cherry): Yati berries are poisonous and are often confused with tomatoes. Like many introduced plants and fruits to Australia, nightshade has become an invasive weed there.

Holly berries: These red berries are used as decorative. If ingested, they can cause vomiting and diarrhea.

Yew berries: These red or blue berries contain poisonous seeds. In case of survival necessity, consume these berries without seeds.

Such a huge selection of berries allows you to enjoy them to a sufficient extent. However, be careful when you are in nature and want to pick an unknown berry hanging on bushes and plants, it can be a very poisonous berry. This is the end of the list of berries, please add any unmentioned names of berries in the comments!

Bittersweet nightshade is a subshrub with a long curly stem (up to 2 m, and in favorable conditions more), with a woody base.
The leaves are ovate-pointed.
The flowers are purple, in drooping racemes.
Blooms from late May to September.
The fruits are red, bittersweet, poisonous berries that ripen in June - October.

Distribution of Red Nightshade

Red nightshade is widespread in the European part of Russia, the Caucasus, Siberia and the Far East along the banks of reservoirs, damp places, and among bushes. Often found in populated areas, on the outskirts of villages, between vegetable gardens, and on garbage heaps. Bittersweet nightshade is often grown in garden plots as an ornamental vine.

Poisonous parts of Red Nightshade
The leaves, stem and fruits of nightshade are poisonous. As they ripen, the toxic properties of the berries of bittersweet nightshade, unlike black nightshade, do not disappear, since in addition to the poisonous glycoalkaloid solanine, which disappears when the berries ripen, there are also other toxic substances, in particular solidulcine and dulcamarin.

Symptoms of poisoning
Symptoms of poisoning with bittersweet nightshade are the same as for poisoning with other plants containing solanine and similar glycoalkaloids - abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, depression of motor and mental activity, difficulty breathing, cardiovascular failure. First aid is gastric lavage.

Poisonous berries picture, photo - red nightshade

Belladonna

Also known under the names belladonna, belladonna, sleepy stupor, crazy berry, crazy cherry (Atropa belladonna) - a plant of the nightshade family. A perennial herbaceous plant 1-2 m high with an erect, thick green or violet-colored stem, forked-branched at the top.
The leaves are petiolate, broadly lanceolate, alternate, but close in pairs, and one is always much larger than the others.
Belladonna flowers are solitary, drooping, emerging from the axils of the upper leaves, bell-shaped, dirty purple (sometimes yellow) in color.
Blooms from June until late autumn.
The fruit is a shiny black-blue poisonous berry, flattened-spherical, juicy, sweet-sour, the size of a cherry.

Spread of Belladonna
Belladonna is widespread in the Crimea, the Caucasus, and the Carpathians. Found in clearings, forest edges, and shady meadows.

Poisonous parts of Belladonna
All parts of the plant are poisonous. Poisoning more often occurs in children who are attracted to the poisonous belladonna berries that resemble cherries or grapes (even 2-3 berries can cause severe poisoning in a child). They, as well as other parts of the plant, contain very poisonous alkaloids such as atropine, hyoscyamine, scopolamine, etc.

Symptoms of poisoning
Signs of poisoning appear within 10-20 minutes. In case of mild poisoning, dryness and burning in the mouth and throat, difficulty swallowing and speaking, rapid heartbeat. The voice becomes hoarse. The pupils are dilated and do not respond to light. Near vision is impaired. Photophobia, flickering of spots before the eyes. Dryness and redness of the skin. Excitement, sometimes delirium and hallucinations. In severe poisoning, complete loss of orientation, sudden motor and mental agitation, and sometimes convulsions.

Poisonous berries picture, photo - belladonna

Calla lily (calla lily) marsh

Swamp whitewing is a succulent, thick-rhizomatous, creeping hydrophyte (a plant that grows half in water) 20-40 cm high with large shiny round-heart-shaped leaves (15-20 cm) on long petioles. The cob-shaped inflorescence is surrounded by a white (green on the reverse side) leaf-shaped blanket.
The fruits are juicy red poisonous berries collected in clusters.
It blooms in May and June, the fruits ripen from the end of June.

Distribution of Whitefly
The marsh whitewing is widespread throughout Russia in swamps and marshy banks of reservoirs.

Poisonous parts of the Whitefly
The entire plant is poisonous, especially the poisonous berries and rhizomes. Calla contains pungent saponin-like compounds, as well as volatile substances such as aroin with irritating properties.

Symptoms of Whitefly Poisoning
Nausea, vomiting, salivation, diarrhea, shortness of breath, tachycardia, convulsions. First aid is gastric lavage and laxatives.

Poisonous berries picture, photo - marsh whitewing

Euonymus

Euonymus is a deciduous shrub (sometimes a small tree) 3-4 meters tall, with “classic” elongated leaves, greenish small inconspicuous flowers.
Euonymus blooms in May-June. The fruits fully ripen in September-October.
The fruits are beautiful bright pink four-part capsules containing usually black seeds inside, covered (sometimes not completely) with fleshy orange or red pulp. As they ripen, the boxes open up.

Spread of Euonymus
Euonymus is found in the European part of Russia, in the Caucasus, some species grow in the Far East (up to Eastern Siberia), Sakhalin, and the Kuril Islands.

Poisonous parts of Euonymus
Everything about the euonymus is poisonous - roots, bark, leaves, but the greatest danger is posed by the poisonous berries, which attract with their bright appearance.

Symptoms of Euonymus poisoning
Eating poisonous euonymus berries causes vomiting and diarrhea; large doses of berries can cause intestinal bleeding.

Poisonous berries picture, photo - euonymus

Privet (Wolf Berries)

Privet is a genus of rather heat-loving shrubs of the olive family. Common privet is a deciduous shrub up to 5 meters high.
The leaves are simple, opposite. The inflorescences are white, similar to lilac flowers, also collected in panicles.
The fruit is a black berry. Privet blooms in May-July, after the leaves appear on it. Privet
The berries are poisonous, ripen in September-October and do not fall off for a long time.

Distribution of Privet
On the territory of the former USSR, common privet occurs naturally. Its distribution area is the southwestern part of Russia, the Caucasus, Ukraine and Moldova.

Poisonous parts of Privet
The leaves and berries of the plant are poisonous. It is unlikely that anyone will eat the leaves, but the berries are quite similar to bird cherries.

Symptoms of Privet poisoning
After eating poisonous privet berries, diarrhea, colic, weakness, loss of coordination, convulsions occur within 1-2 hours, and in severe cases, death is possible.

Poisonous berries picture, photo - privet

Elderberry herbal (smelly)

Elderberry is a herbaceous perennial of the honeysuckle family with an unpleasant odor, a thick creeping rhizome, a thick furrowed (sometimes sparsely pubescent) stem 60-170 cm high.
Leaves with stipules, large (17-25 cm), pinnate with 7-11 pointed leaflets, pubescent along the veins.
The inflorescence of the grass elder is an umbrella-shaped panicle. The flowers are small, inconspicuous, white or reddish. Elderberry blooms in May - June.
The fruits of the grass elder are small black berry-shaped drupes with 3-4 seeds and red juice. The herbaceous elderberry bears fruit in August - September.

Distribution of Elderberry herbal
Elderberry is widespread in the southern part of Russia in the foothills and mountains, along the edges of forests and subalpine meadows. Often found as a weed.

Poisonous parts of Elderberry herbal
Elderberry leaves and flowers are poisonous. Unripe elderberry berries are especially poisonous.

Symptoms of Elderberry poisoning
The main symptoms of poisoning by poisonous elderberry berries are dizziness, headache, weakness, sore throat, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting. Typically, the mucous membranes are stained blue as a result of the accumulation of oxyhemoglobin in the venous blood. Tachycardia gives way to bradycardia in the later stages. There is shortness of breath with a delay in exhalation, convulsions are possible. Death occurs from respiratory arrest due to acute heart failure.

Poisonous berries picture, photo - herbal elderberry

Wolfberry, daphne

Daphne - a low shrub is popularly called wolf's bast or wolfberry. In April, daphne branches are a meter and a half high, almost completely strewn with bunches of bright pink flowers, very similar to the color of lilac. A delicate, unique aroma spreads from flowering plants. Daphne leaves are narrow and dark green. Poisonous berries are oval, first green, then red, ripen in late July-August.

Distribution of Wolfberry
Wolfberry grows in the north of the European part of Russia, Western and Eastern Siberia, and the Caucasus. Prefers coniferous and mixed forests. It is also found in deciduous forests.

Poisonous parts of Wolfberry
Wolfberry flowers are poisonous. When inhaling daphne pollen, irritation of the mucous membranes of the nose and respiratory tract is observed. Not only the flowers are poisonous, but the entire plant. It is not for nothing that one of the names of daphne is deadly wolfberry.
Wolf bast bark has an unusually bitter taste and, when put into the mouth, causes a burning and scratching sensation. Subsequently, blisters and ulcers form on the mucous membranes. Touching the wet bark of daphne or wolfberry to the skin can lead to the formation of ulcers.
The juice of the leaves and poisonous berries of wolf bast is no less pungent. Getting wolfberry juice into your eyes is extremely dangerous. This threatens the formation of difficult-to-heal corneal lesions.

Symptoms of Wolf Bast poisoning
After eating poisonous berries, you experience a burning sensation in the mouth, pain in the stomach, nausea, vomiting, weakness, and possible convulsions. But wolf bast contains not only meserein, which is highly irritating to the skin and mucous membranes, but also other toxic substances, in particular several types of coumarins, which cause increased bleeding.

Poisonous berries picture, photo - wolfberry

Black Voronets or Actea spicata

Voronets spica is a perennial poisonous herbaceous plant up to 80 cm high, with a thin branched stem, with large, long-stalked, double and triple pinnate leaves. The edges of the leaves are coarsely toothed.
The flowers are white or cream, small, collected in a fluffy panicle.
The berries are initially green, when ripe they are black, glossy, large, oval-cylindrical with a clearly visible trace of the perianth. The berries are collected in a brush.

Distribution of Black Voronets

Black spicate crow grows in the European part of Russia, the Caucasus, Western Siberia, and Altai, but is quite rare. Prefers shady, damp places in deciduous, coniferous and mixed forests. Usually grows in thickets of bushes and trees. The black raven does not like open spaces. It blooms in May-June, the berries ripen in July-August.

Poisonous parts of Voronets spica
The entire plant is very poisonous. The berries of the black crow are especially poisonous.

Symptoms of Voronets spica poisoning
The sap of the plant is irritating to human skin, leading to the formation of blisters. And even a small amount of poisonous berry pulp is enough to cause severe gastrointestinal upset.

Poisonous berries picture, photo - black crow

Red-fruited crow (red; spiky red)

Red-fruited crowberry is a perennial herbaceous plant. The stems are thin, up to 70 cm high.

The leaves are usually triply pinnate and serrated along the edges. In appearance, the red-fruited crow is very similar to the spicate crow, but differs from it, first of all, in the color of the fruits, slightly smaller berries, and also in the lighter color of the leaves.
The flowers are small, white, collected in a vertical panicle.
The berries of the red crow are elongated-oval, medium in size, green at first, turning white as they ripen and then turning red. Located on a vertical brush.

Distribution of Red-fruited Voronets
The red-fruited crow grows in coniferous and mixed forests in the Far East, Siberia and the north of the European part of Russia.

Poisonous parts of Voronets redfruit
All parts of the plant are poisonous. The most toxic are the berries of the red crow. Eating just two poisonous berries for a child can end tragically. But accidental poisoning from the berries of the red crow is hardly possible, since the plant has an unpleasant odor and the berries are very bitter.

Symptoms of poisoning
Signs of poisoning by red crow berries are nausea, dizziness, increased heart rate, severe gastrointestinal upset.

Poisonous berries picture, photo - Red Voronets

Crow's eye

Crow's eye is a perennial plant with a very characteristic appearance. A low stem framed by spreading, usually four (less often, as in the photo, five) wide leaves ends in one single inconspicuous greenish flower that blooms in July-June. Then the raven's eye turns the flower into one berry, which turns black by autumn. The raven's eye is also known as cross-grass.

Spread of Crow's Eye
Crow's eye grows in shady, damp places of coniferous, deciduous and mixed forests throughout the temperate zone of Russia from Europe to the Far East. Crow's eye is considered a medicinal plant, but it is better not to collect or use it yourself, since raven's eye is a poisonous plant.

Poisonous parts of the Crow's Eye
The crow's eye berry, like other parts of the plant, is poisonous. The plant contains saponins and cardiac glycosides.

Symptoms of Crow's Eye Poisoning
Poisoning with poisonous berries or other parts of the crow's eye causes irritation of the gastrointestinal tract, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, a sharp drop in heart rate to 60-40 or less beats per minute, cardiac arrhythmia, ventricular flutter and cardiac arrest.

Poisonous berries picture, photo - Lily of the valley

First aid for berry poisoning

• Never pick or taste berries that you do not know.
• If you come to the forest with a child, then do not leave him unattended for a minute. Keep an eye on what berries he eats.
• If you come to an area unknown to you and the nature there is not entirely familiar to you, be sure to make inquiries with local residents, study the literature, look at websites on the Internet and find out what poisonous plants are typical for this area.
• Poisonous berries are actually dangerous only for those who do not know them by sight.

If symptoms of poisoning occur, such as fever, diarrhea, vomiting, convulsions, etc., seek medical help immediately. While the doctor is on his way to you, do not sit idly by. After all, sometimes the arrival of an ambulance can take more than one hour.

The most first aid for poisoning with poisonous berries consists of stimulating vomiting - this procedure will free the stomach from toxic contents. To do this, the victim needs to be given 2-4 glasses of water (you can add activated carbon to it - 2 tablespoons per 500 ml, salt - 1 teaspoon per 500 ml or potassium permanganate). In case of poisoning by poisonous berries, the procedure will have to be carried out several times. Among the medications, it is recommended to give the patient activated carbon, tannin, as well as any laxative and cardiac medicine. If you have seizures, you will have to use chloral hydrate. If there is no first aid kit, you can give the patient black crackers, starch solution or milk. It would also not hurt to do an enema (if possible). A victim of poisoning from poisonous berries should be wrapped warmly and taken to a doctor.

Previously on the topic:

Before writing an extensive article about northern berries, I would like to know which areas can be classified as them. So, for example, in Russia these areas can be considered the Kola Peninsula, Karelia, the tundra, taiga up to Chukotka. In general, the entire upper part of Russia. In general, in the world these areas can be considered Norway, Finland, Canada, Iceland, Greenland, Canada and Alaska. In the Southern Hemisphere, these areas include only the south of South America, the Falkland Islands.

Once we have decided which areas belong to them, then the berries grouped into special groups will be described below. So first, poisonous berries will be described, then berries that grow in these areas, but they are not usually called “local,” and berries that are usually classified as them.

To begin with, I would like to tell you about two berries that you should not eat.

The first berry is arctous alpine. Residents of the Magadan region know it under the name “wolf berry” and consider the fruits to be deadly. A medicinal plant, but in large quantities the fruits can cause a number of painful phenomena, vomiting. The berry is shaped like a lingonberry, but these are juicy drupes - mealy and tasteless. Birds eat them, but they can harm humans and cause pain, even vomiting. In folk medicine, only the leaves of this plant are used, so picking the berries is practically useless. Plays a significant role in the formation of the shrub layer of tundras and woodlands. Protected in nature reserves. The berries are mealy, initially red, then black-purple. It blooms in June-early July before the leaves bloom. Fruits in August-September.

The next 100% poisonous berry is raven eye. Berries appear in May - early June and until October. Grows in coniferous and mixed forests, loves moisture. The danger of crow's eye lies in the fact that the berries are very similar to blueberries and this plant grows in the same place where blueberries grow. And if you are not careful, you can easily grab these poisonous berries. 5-10 berries can cause severe poisoning in humans. In case of poisoning, urgent hospitalization is required. This plant is easy to recognize, since one berry grows on one stem. The berries have an unpleasant taste, and even the smell of a raven's eye can cause nausea or headaches for some people.

That's it, I didn't find any other known poisonous berries in these areas. Perhaps there are some other inedible berries, but there is little information about them on the Internet.

There is another berry that is not poisonous, but it is of no interest to humans. This berry Swedish doren.

It is a shrub up to 25 cm. The fruit is a red berry-like drupe. Swedish dogwood is not poisonous, but its berries are loose and tasteless, with large hard seeds. Swedish dogwood, along with Canadian turf, was eaten by Canadian Indians and Eskimos. The berries vaguely resemble a bunch of lingonberries, just as bright red. However, if there is a depression at the tip of the lingonberry, then there is a black dot.

Canadian dogwood or dogwood. The habitat of this plant is in eastern Asia (Russia, China, Japan) and North America (USA, Canada). As already mentioned, these berries were eaten by Canadian Indians and Eskimos.

Now let's look at three types of berries, which are quite rare for the northern regions.

The first berry will be rose hip.

It can also grow in the tundra region under several terrain conditions. And for ripening, a long warm summer is necessary; with slight frosts, the berries will begin to rot. Rose hips contain vitamin C, which is more than lemon. There are also vitamins B, K, P, carotene, sugars and other microelements.

The second berry will be currant, both red and black. According to the chemical composition, black currant berries are a natural concentrate of vitamins, especially vitamin C, which is so necessary for the human body. Berries contain up to 85% water, 0.9% ash, 1% protein, 8% carbohydrates, 3% fiber, 2.3% organic acids (citric, malic, tartaric, succinic, salicylic, phosphoric ), 0.5% - pectin substances, 0.4% - tannins, coloring substances of P-vitamin activity, vitamins K, E, B, B2, PP and carotene. Microelements include potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and iron.
Red currant berries are significantly superior to black currants in the amount of vitamin A.

And the third berry will be raspberries. Raspberries also require special conditions to ripen.

That's it, now let's move on to the real "local" berries, which most people have probably heard of.

Well-known northern berries

Cranberry

This berry is known to everyone; it contains a lot of vitamins and microelements. The berry grows in swampy areas. It has a creeping stem ranging from 15 to 50 cm in length. The flowers are small pink. Cranberries bloom in June, but ripen only at the end of September. In nature, all types of cranberries grow in damp places: in transitional and raised bogs, in sphagnum coniferous forests, and sometimes along swampy shores of lakes. Cranberry fruits are rich in vitamin C, in this respect they are equal to oranges, lemons, grapefruits, and strawberries. Among other vitamins, fruits contain B 1, B 2, B 5, B 6, PP. Cranberries are a valuable source of vitamin K 1 (phylloquinone), not inferior to cabbage and strawberries. Cranberries are used in the preparation of fruit drinks, juices, kvass, extracts, jelly, and are good sources of vitamins. The leaves can be consumed as tea.

Stone berry

Drupes are also called northern pomegranate because they are similar to pomegranate seeds in consistency and shape. The taste is reminiscent of cherries, sour and sweet. There is a bone inside. Drupe is a herbaceous perennial; its fruits are bright red and consist of several drupes. There can be up to 6 drupes. The drupes can be barely connected to each other, resembling raspberries. The fruits ripen from July to September. Drupes like to grow in the tundra, in mountainous areas. The fruits are eaten fresh and stored for future use.

Perennial green shrub honey plant. The size of the bush reaches thirty centimeters. The berries are quite large, consisting of a drupe. They have a bright red color or orange with a reddish tint.

The fruit contains:
- ascorbic acid;
- pectin and tanning microelements;
- vitamin C.

The presence of these elements allows you to strengthen the human immune system, lower body temperature, and improve blood circulation. Allows you to heal inflammatory reactions.

Cowberry

Perennial green shrub. The size of the bush can reach twenty centimeters. Lingonberries are colored in a distinct red color. The berries are not large in size and have a sweet taste with some sourness. They sing in the last days of August.

Carbohydrates;
- organic acids;
- vitamins A, C, E;
- glucose, fructose.

A dangerous sign is the plant’s ability to absorb radioactive elements. Consumption of such berries contributes to the deterioration of human health. It is recommended to collect berries away from industrial companies and highways.

Bearberry

Lingonberries can be confused with bearberry (“bear ears”). It is not difficult to distinguish them: bearberry has narrower, elongated leaves that look like ears. Bearberry is not poisonous and can be eaten, but the berry has virtually no taste and has no culinary value. Bearberry berries are used in folk medicine to treat diseases of various organs and body systems.

Blueberry

A low-growing shrub with round, black fruits. The fruits are small in size and sweet in taste. The berries are harvested in mid-summer, while the foliage is picked in May. Quite often, these fruits are prepared in dried form.

The presence of useful elements (essential oils, iron, organic acids, vitamins) found in blueberry fruits and leaves is noted. Blueberries can prevent the development of malignant tumors and have a therapeutic effect on existing tumors.

Blueberry

Perennial green shrub. The size of the bush reaches one and a half meters. Blueberries are black in color with a bluish tint. The fruits are small, watery, and have a weak sweet taste.

The following elements are observed in the composition:
- cellulose;
- vitamins B1(2), PP, C, A, P;
- tannins;
- glucose, fructose.

Moreover, these substances are simultaneously located in the berries and foliage of the plant.
Eating blueberries improves alertness, reduces fever, relieves inflammation, strengthens blood vessels and is involved in the fight against sclerosis.
An overdose of these fruits often contributes to muscle dysfunction.

Vodjanika

Perennial semi-shrub of creeping type. Crowberry berries are distinguished by red and black colors. The fruits are collected from July to early spring. This is due to the preservation of berries even when frozen. The size of the bush reaches one meter. The fruits are tasteless and insipid.

The fruit contains:
- tanning elements;
- mineral microelements;
- vitamins A, C;
- essential oils.

Crowberry is unique in that it stabilizes metabolism and the nervous system, relieves migraines, and enhances the diuretic process.

Red crowberry

South American species with red berries. Black berries are occasionally found on the bushes, showing a relationship with the original species, black crowberry.

Cloudberry

Creeping perennial shrub. The size of the bush can reach fifteen centimeters. Ripe fruits are amber-yellow. During the growth period they have a red tint.

The berry contains:
- magnesium;
- calcium;
- potassium and iron;
- phosphorus and silicon;
- vitamins C, B1(3), PP, A.

The use of cloudberries helps improve cardiac activity, restore damaged body cells and is useful in cases of oncology.
Taking berries for gastrointestinal disorders can contribute to allergic manifestations.

Prince

Knyazhenika has different names - bramble, arctic raspberry, raspberry, polyanina, mamura, drupe, khokhlushka, midday. A perennial green shrub whose roots go down to 25 cm. Its taste is reminiscent of pineapple. Knyazhenika belongs to the rose family. The berry has the appearance of a drupe that takes on a red, light pink or purple color. Ripening occurs in July.

The fruits contain:
- vitamin C;
- carbohydrates;
- lemon acid;
- ascorbic acids;
- tanning elements.

Knyazhenika helps reduce the symptoms of colds and cure vitamin deficiency.

It is considered the best northern berry.

Rowan

The classification of rowan as a northern berry is, of course, a controversial issue, since the common rowan has the widest habitat - from the northern regions of Europe (all the way to the Far North) to North Africa, but still I think it’s worth mentioning here.

Rowan berries are red, collected in clusters with a strong sour and tart flavor. It is best to collect it after the first frost.
Rowan fruits contain a lot of vitamin P and carotene, from which vitamin A is synthesized in the human body, organic acids, sugar, tannins, ascorbic acid, essential oils and other compounds are present.

Juniper

Juniper is not a berry, but a cone berry, because it is a gymnosperm. Juniper is more used as a seasoning for various dishes. You also need to be careful because there are poisonous species of juniper.