Root of the tongue. Latin and Russian Latin roots in Russian examples
The back of the tongue, facing the pharynx... Psychomotorics: dictionary-reference book
ROOT- ROOT, root, plural. roots, roots, m. 1. A part of a plant grown into the ground, through which it absorbs juices from the soil. The storm uprooted trees. The oak has taken deep roots into the ground. || The wood or substance of that part of a plant. Licorice root... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
morphological root- A root identified in relation to the modern state of the language. The root is pis in the words write, letter; extract, note, writing, inventory, census. The root is etymological. A root identified in relation to past eras of language development. Root... ... Dictionary of linguistic terms
root- See beginning, reason, origin, uproot, take root... Dictionary of Russian synonyms and similar expressions. under. ed. N. Abramova, M.: Russian Dictionaries, 1999. root, beginning, cause, origin; radical; spine, core, ... ... Synonym dictionary
Root of the word- ROOT OF THE WORD. Non-derivative base (q.v.), which does not contain any accessories to the form of words (q.v.); for example, in the word “mitten” K. “hand”; in Semitic languages, in which vowels within a word have a formal meaning, K. called. only consonants... Dictionary of literary terms
Root- The root is the carrier of the real, lexical meaning of a word, its central part, which remains unchanged in the processes of morphological derivation; expresses the idea of the word’s identity with itself; correlates with the concept of lexeme; simple or non-derivative... Linguistic encyclopedic dictionary
Root (river)- This term has other meanings, see Root (meanings). Root ... Wikipedia
root- noun, m., used. compare often Morphology: (no) what? root, what? root, (see) what? root, what? root, about what? about the root and the root; pl. What? roots, (no) what? roots, what? roots, (I see) what? roots, what? roots, about what? about roots 1. A root is... Dmitriev's Explanatory Dictionary
Root (linguistics)- This term has other meanings, see Root (meanings). A root morpheme that carries the lexical meaning of a word (or the main part of this meaning); there is a root in every word, and the word can consist of one or more (in ... ... Wikipedia
root- rnya; pl. roots, her; m. 1. The underground part of the plant, through which it strengthens itself in the soil and receives water from the ground with minerals dissolved in it. Tree roots. Long K. K. of life (about ginseng). Rot the crop on the vine (in... ... encyclopedic Dictionary
Books
- Look at the root, or the Golden Key, Olga Zablotskaya. The desire to revive the roots of the Slavic family tree and discover the wonderful world of the most ancient Language on Earth, the roots of which go back thousands of years, and in a highly branched crown it is still... Buy for 1118 RUR
- Russian root language. On the root figurative word formation of the Russian language, Vladimir Golovkov. It turns out that words in the Russian language do not consist of prefixes, roots, suffixes and endings, but of roots, each of which has its own unique image, which directly influences...
We will also give several examples of Latin “winged words” and expressions that apparently originated from Slavic phrases. Let's use the "Dictionary of Latin winged words." We will cite the corresponding Slavic words, sometimes without taking into account cases, that is, we will indicate only the Slavic backbone of Latin expressions.
It is important to emphasize that here we are already dealing with entire sentences, composed of several Latin words, expressing a complete and often complex thought. The fact that these entire sentences are “read in Slavic” indicates that not only the individual words that make up a coherent text were Slavic, but also the rules for their combination, the construction of grammar, and the way of thinking of the people who uttered such phrases. In other words, the authors of many Latin "catchphrases", as it is now discovered, thought in Slavic.
1) "ABI IN PACE" = Go in peace. Words of the prayer of departure in the Catholic religious rite. Could come from: "GO TO REST." Here is the transition of Latin letters d-b, differing only in orientation, as well as the transition: Russian K ===> C Latin. That is, here the transition is as follows: IDI ===> ABI; ON ===> IN; PEACE ===> PACE.
2) "ABIT, EXCESSIT, EVASIT, ERUPIT" = Left, performed, slipped away, escaped. Cicero, Speeches against Catiline. Could come from: “TO GO, EXODUS, TAKE AWAY, TEAR (rip out).” Here the transition is as follows: DECLINE ===> ABIT; EXCODE ===> EXCESSIT; TAKE AWAY ===> EVASIT; TEAR ===> ERUPIT during the transition V-P.
3) "ABSIT INVIDIA VERBO" = Let what is said not cause hostility; May they not condemn me for these words, may they not punish me for these words. It could come from: “WITHOUT, HATE, CONFIRM,” that is, treat what I say without hatred. Here the transition is as follows: WITHOUT ===> ABSIT; HATE ===> INVIDIA; STRONG ===> VERBO.
4) "ABSOLVO TE" = I'm letting you go. That is, I forgive you your sins. Formula for absolution in confession among Catholics. It could come from: “YOU ARE WITHOUT A CATCH,” that is, I don’t catch you, you are free. Here the transition is as follows: WITHOUT ===> ABS; LOV ===> LVO; YOU ===> TE.
5) "AB URBE CONDITA" = From the foundation of the city. Roman era. It could come from: “BY, HORDE, CREATE,” that is, the countdown of years from the moment of the creation of the Horde. Here the transition is as follows: PO ===> AB; HORDE ===> URBE; CREATE ===> CONDITA when transitioning Latin Z-N (put the letter on its side).
6) "A CAPILLIS USQUE AD UNGUES" = From hair to nails. Plautus, Epidicus. Could come from: “HAIR, BEFORE, NAIL.” Here the transition is as follows: HAIR ===> caPILLIS during the transition V-P; TO ===> AD; NAIL ===> UNGUES.
7) "AD UNGUEM" = Up to the nail; to complete perfection, exactly. Horace, "Satires". Could come from: “TO THE NAIL.” Here the transition is as follows: TO ===> AD; NAIL ===> UNGUEM during transition: Russian m (“te” with three sticks) ===> m Latin.
8) "ALMA MATER" = Nourishing mother. Could come from: "MOTHER'S MILK." Here the transition is as follows: MILK ===> ALMA, MOTHER ===> MATER. Most likely, in the same semantic bush are the Latin words ALUMNA = pupil, pet, ALUMNUS = nurtured, educated, cherished. That is, words originating from the Slavic MILK.
9) "A MARI USQUE AD MARE" = From sea to sea. Could come from: “I SEEK (seek) THE SEA TO THE SEA.” Here the transition is as follows: SEA ===> MARE, SEARCH ===> USQUE, TO ===> AD.
10) "AQUILA NON CAPAT MUSCAS" = The eagle does not catch flies. Could come from: “An EAGLE DOESN’T CATCH FLIES.” Here the transition is as follows: EAGLE ===> AQUILA during transition: Russian p ===> q Latin; NOT ===> NON; CAPAT ===> CAPAT during transition: Russian C ===> C Latin; FLY, MISTY ===> MUSQUE.
11) "CACATUM NON EST PICTUM" = Nailed - not drawn. Could come from: “POOD IS NOT DRAWING.” Here the transition is as follows: Poop ===> CACATUM; NOT ===> NON; IS ===> EST; DRAW ===> PICTUM during transition: Russian р ===> p Latin, Russian С ===> C Latin.
12) “CARPE DIEM” = Seize the day, that is, take advantage of today, seize the moment. Could come from: “SCRATCH THE DAY.” See SCRATCH, SCRATCH section above.
13) "CLAVUM CLAVO" = Number of stakes. Could come from: “BEAK BEAK”, that is, “KOLOM KOLOM”.
14) "EDITE, BIBITE, POST MORTEM NULLA VOLUPTAS" = Eat, drink, there is no pleasure after death! A common motif of ancient inscriptions on tombstones and table utensils. Could come from: "EAT, DRINK, BEHIND, DIE, NULL, FALL IN LOVE." Here the transition is as follows: EAT ===> EDITE; DRINK ===> BIBITE when transitioning P-B; BEHIND ===> POST; DIE ===> MORTEM; ZERO, old Russian word (see our Dictionary) ===> NULLA; FALL IN LOVE ===> VOLUPTAS.
15) "ET TU"
16) "FESTINA LENTE" = Hurry slowly, do everything slowly. Could come from: “HURRY, LAZY”, that is, rush lazily, slowly. Here the transition is as follows: HURRY ===> FESTINA during the transition P-F and W-S; LAZY ===> LENTE.
17) "
18) "IN NOMINE PATRIS ET FILII ET SPIRITUS SANCTI" = In the name of the father and son and the holy spirit. Catholic prayer formula. Could come from: "MOST (name), DADDY, AND, LOVE, AND, SOAR, LAW." Here the transition is as follows: NAME ===> NOMINE; BATYA ===> PATRIS during the transition B-P; LOVE ===> FILII (see our Dictionary above) during the transition B-F; AND ===> ET, SOAR ===> SPIRITUS; LAW (legitimize) ===> SANCTI.
19) "IN PLENO" = In full force. Could come from: “I WILL FILL” or “FULL”.
20) "IN SALTU UNO DUOS APROS CAPERE" = Catch two boars in the same forest. Considered equivalent to Russian: Kill two birds with one stone. Could come from: “WOODED (wooded), ONE, TWO PIGS (that is, boar, wild boar), CATCHING.” Here the transition is as follows: WOODED (forest) ===> SALTU; ONE ===> UNO; TWO ===> DOUS during V-U transition; PIG -> APROS; I CATCH ===> CAPERE during the transition C ===> C is Latin and Y ===> R due to the similarity of spelling.
21) "INSTAURATIO MAGNA" = Great restoration. Could come from: "CUSTOMIZE A LOT." Here the transition is as follows: CONFIGUR ===> INSTAURATIO; A LOT ===> MAGNA.
22) "INTERPRETATIO ABROGANS" = Overriding interpretation. An interpretation of a law that deprives it of its real meaning. It could come from: “TRANSFER YOUR GUTS, SCRUMBED (CURRENT).” Here the transition is as follows: NUTRO TRANSFER ===> INTERPRETATIO (see above dictionary); ABROADED (cursed) ===> ABROGANS.
23) "IN VINO VERITAS" = Truth is in wine. Could come from: "WINE, BELIEVE."
24) "IRA FACIT POETAM" = Anger gives birth to a poet. Could come from: "ARY (rage), DRAG, SING (sings)." Here the transition is as follows: ARGENT, RAGE ===> IRA; DRAGING ===> FACIT during the transition T-F and Shch-S (see above Dictionary); SINGS ===> POETAM.
25) "IRA FUROR BREVIS EST" = Anger is a short-term madness (Horace). Could come from: “YARYY (rage), RAGE, RAVE, EAT.” Here the transition is: FUCKING ===> IRA; YARIT ===> FUROR during the transition T-F and rearrangement RT ===> TPP; BREVIS ===> BREVIS; IS ===> EST. Or FUROR here comes from the word TORYU, to torch.
26) "IS FECIT CUI PRODEST" = Made by the one who benefits. Could come from: “DRAG WHO WILL SELL.” Here the transition is as follows: DRAG ===> FECIT during the transition T-F (fit) and Shch-S; WHO ===> CUI; WILL SELL ===> PRODEST.
27) "JUS CIVILE" = Civil law. Could come from: “THE TRUTH, OWN (MASTERED, brother-in-law).” Here the transition is as follows: TRUE ===> JUS; OWN, MASTERED ===> CIVILE.
28) "JUS COMMUNAE" = Common law. Could come from: “THE TRUTH, WHOM (WITH ME, that is, together).” Here the transition is as follows: TRUE ===> JUS; COM (that is, group), WITH ME ===> COMMUNAE.
29) "JUS CRIMINALE" = Criminal law. Could come from: “THE TRUTH, SHAMEFUL.” Here the transition is TRUE ===> JUS; SHAMNOY (SHRAM, that is, shame) ===> CRIMINALE during the transition: Russian C ===> C Latin.
30) "JUS DICIT" = Says right. Could come from: “SPEAKS THE TRUTH.” Here the transition is as follows: TRUE ===> JUS; SPEECH ===> DICIT during the transition: Russian r ===> d Latin (the letter was turned over) and Russian CH ===> C Latin.
31) "JUS DIVINUM" = Divine right. Could come from: “THE TRUTH IS WONDERFUL.” Here the transition is as follows: TRUE ===> JUS; DIVINE ===> DIVINUM.
32) "JUS GLADII" - The right of the sword. Could come from: “THE TRUTH OF THE KLOAD” or “THE TRUTH OF COLD (cold).” Here the transition is as follows: TRUE ===> JUS; KLADENETS (an old Russian name for a sword) ===> GLADII, or KHLAD (cold, edged weapon, as they still say) ===> GLADII, during the transition: Russian X ===> G Latin.
33) "JUS NATURALE" = Natural law. Could come from: “TRUTH, CREATED (that is, co-created, creation).” Here the transition is as follows: TRUE ===> JUS; DID IT ===> NATURALE.
34) "JUS PRIMAE NOCTIS" = Right of the first night. Could come from: "THE TRUTH, FIRST NIGHT." Here the transition is as follows: TRUE ===> JUS; PERSHY (first) ===> PRIMAE during the transition Ш-M (the letter was turned over); NIGHT ===> NOCTIS.
35) "JUS PRUMAE OCCUPATIONS" (or PRIMI POSSIDENTIS) = Right of first occupation. Could come from: “THE TRUTH OF THE FIRST SCRATCH (GRACH, SCRATCH, GRAB)” or from: “The TRUTH OF THE FIRST PLANT (SIT, SITTING, “SITTING”).” Here the transition is: TRUTH ===> JUS; FIRST ===> PRIMAE; SCRATCH, SCRATCH ===> OCCUPATIONS; PLANT (SIT) ===> POSSIDENTIS, that is, “The Truth of the First Lander.”
36) "JUS PUBLICUM" = Public law. Could come from: "THE TRUTH OF THE CROWD." Here the transition is as follows: TRUE ===> JUS; CROWD, CROWD ===> PUBLICUM during the transition from P-B and during rearrangement.
37) "JUS PUNIENDI" = The right to punish. Could come from: “THE TRUTH, TO PENALE (FINE, GUILTY, BLAME).” Here the transition is as follows: TRUE ===> JUS; BLAME, BLAME ===> PUNIENDI during the transition V-P and T-D.
38) "JUS SCRIPTUM" = Written law. It could come from: “THE TRUTH TO STAPLE” or “THE TRUTH, TO SCRATCH (with a pen)”, that is, to write down with a pen, to fix on paper, to fasten or secure the truth, to SEALED. Here the transition is as follows: TRUE ===> JUS; FASTEN, STAPLE or CREAK (with a pen) ===> SCRIPTUM.
39) "JUS STRICTUM" = Strict law. Could come from: "THE TRUTH IS STRICT (STRICTNESS)." Here the transition is as follows: TRUE ===> JUS; STRICT, Strictness ===> STRICTUM.
40) "JUSTA CAUSA" = Legal reason. Could come from: “THE TRUTH IS THE LAW.” Here the transition is as follows: TRUE ===> JUSTA; LAW ===> CAUSA in the transition of Latin u-n (turned the letter over) and rearrangement: ZKN ===> KNZ.
41) "JUS TALIONIS" = Right to equal retribution. Could come from: “TRUTH, SHARE (“share”, DIVISION).” Here the transition is as follows: TRUE ===> JUS; SHARE, LOVE (part) ===> TALIONIS at the transition D-T. They still say: “in equal shares”, to repay in kind, in equal measure.
42) "JUS UTENDI ET ABUTENDI" = Right of use and exploitation - the right to use a thing at your own discretion, i.e. ownership. It could come from: “TRUTH, PULL AND PULL (towards yourself)”, that is, the one who pulls (pulls) something for himself is right, will pull towards himself. Here the transition is as follows: TRUE ===> JUS; PULL, PULL ===> UTENDI; AND ===> ET; PULL (toward yourself) ===> ABUTENDI when moving P-B.
43) "JUS VITAE AC NECIS" = The right to control life and death. Could come from: “THE TRUTH, TO BE (BEING), I WILL PUNISH.” Here the transition is as follows: TRUE ===> JUS; TO BE, BEING ===> VITAE during the transition B-C; I WILL PUNISH ===> NECIS (see above Dictionary).
44) “LABOR EST ETIAM IPSE VOLUPTAS” = Labor in itself is a pleasure (Manilius). Could come from: “ALABORIT (Old Russian WORK) IS ALSO, YOURSELF, TO FALL IN LOVE.” Here the transition is as follows: ALABORIT ===> LABOR (see above dictionary); IS ===> EST; ALSO ===> ETIAM during transition: Russian w ===> m Latin (see above Dictionary); YOURSELF, YOURSELF ===> IPSE during the transition B-P and rearrangement; FALL IN LOVE ===> VOLUPTAS.
45) "LEGE NECESSITATIS" = According to the law of necessity. Could come from: “CODE (Russian LZYA), NEED.” Here the transition is as follows: LEGATION (LZYA = possible, allowed, see above dictionary) ===> LEGE; NEED, need ===> NECESSITATIS.
46) "LEX FATI" = Law of fate. It could come from: “LZYA (that is, LODGE, possible, allowed, see above Dictionary) TO BE (BEING).” Here the transition is as follows: LZYA ===> LEX; TO BE, BEING ===> FATI during the transition B-P-F.
47) "LEX LAESAE MAJESTATIS" = The law of lese majeste, in ancient Rome - harming the dignity of the Roman people. Could come from: “LZYA (LAYING), LIE, COURAGE (POWER).” Here the transition is as follows: LZYA ===> LEX; FALSE (insult) ===> LAESAE; COURAGE (MULTIPLE, that is, majestic) ===> MAJESTATIS.
48) "LEX TALIONIS" = Law of equal retribution, i.e. a law based on the principle: an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth. Could come from: “LEZYA (LAYING, possible, allowed), SHARE (DONNY).” Here the transition is as follows: LZYA ===> LEX; SHARE, LOBE ===> TALIONIS at the transition D-T. They still say: “in equal shares.”
49) "LIBERUM VETO" = Free "I forbid", free veto; the right to impose a unilateral prohibition on a resolution of the legislative assembly. It could come from: “I TAKE YOUR WILL, NO.” Here the transition is as follows: I TAKE THE WILL ===> LIBERUM; NO ===> VETO (see our Dictionary above).
50) "LUCIDUS ORDO" = Bright order, clear and consistent presentation (Horace). Could come from: “RADIATE (RADIATE, radiate) ROW (order).” Here the transition is as follows: RADIATE ===> LUCIDUS; ROW ===> ORDO.
51) "LUX IN TENEBRIS" = Light in the darkness. Could come from: “RAYS, I THROW A SHADOW (I TAKE A SHADOW).” Here the transition is as follows: RAYS ===> LUX; SHADOW BROOCH ===> TENEBRIS.
52) "LUX VERITAS" = Light of truth. Could come from: “RAYS, BELIEVE,” that is, rays of faith, truth.
53) "MEDICE, CURA TE IPSEM" = Doctor, heal yourself. Could come from: “MIGHTY (MAGUS), SEE YOURSELF.” Here the transition is as follows: CAN, power, MAG, magic ===> MEDICE (see above Dictionary); ZRI ===> CURA during transition: Russian З ===> C Latin; YOU ===> TE; YOURSELF ===> IPSEM during the transition B-P and reverse reading. Or the Latin CURA came here from the Old Russian CHURA = to protect, to protect from evil. In this case, it turns out: “MIGHTY (MAG) YOU ARE FUCKING ABOUT YOURSELF.”
54) "MEDICUS CURAT, NATURA SANAT" = The doctor heals, nature heals. Could come from: “THE MIGHTY (MAGIC) SEE, I CREATE (CREATION), SLEEP.” Here the transition is as follows: MIGHTY (MAG) ===> MEDICUS; MATTER ===> CURAT; I CREATE, CREATION ===> NATURA; GET TO SLEEP ===> SANAT (healing properties of sleep). Or the Latin CURA came from the Old Russian CHURA = to protect. In this case, it turns out: “THE MAGIC CHURCHES, THE NATURE KNOWS.”
55) “MEL IN ORE, VERBA LACTIS, FEL IN CORDE, FRAUS IN FACTIS” = Honey on the tongue, milk in words, bile in the heart, deception in practice. Could come from: “HONEY ORU, TERZHU (repeated), LUCK, YELLOW, HEART, YOU’RE LIEING TO WRITE.” Here the transition is as follows: MED ===> MEL with the transition D-T and confusion of Latin t-l; ORU ===> ORE; VERIFY ===> VERBA (see above Dictionary); YELLOW ===> FEL during the Zh-F transition; HEART ===> CORDE during transition: Russian C ===> C Latin; LIES ===> FRAUS during the transition V-F and W-N; WRITE ===> FACTUS (?).
abel, abil habilis fit,
suitable; suitable skillful, capable
means: having the opportunity, being able to be (the ability to carry out the action expressed by the root); Wed rus. -abelny, English, French -able/-ible, German -abel/-ibel.
In Russian language influenced by English. half-calculation began to appear in the language, for example: decomposition readable (cf. English eatable, readable).
transportable"able to be transferred"; Wed English, French transportable German transportabel
rehabilitation restoration of bodily capabilities after their loss (medical and psychological rehabilitation) or civil rights (opportunities), good name (legal rehabilitation); Wed English rehabilitation, fr. rehabilitation, German Rehabilitation
Wed. Also: English reversible, fr. reversible, German reversible (legal, technical) reversible); lat. Homo habilis (homo habilis, probable ancestor of Homo sapiens, homo sapiens).
agent
cm. Act.
agro ager, agri land, field, arable land
agronomy agriculture
agriculture ways to improve farming techniques agrarian land
aqua aqua water
aquarium water container
water area area of water surface (cf. territory)aqueduct(ancient) water supply
Wed. lat. Aquarius - Aquarius (constellation).
Act agere to set in motion, to do, to act; actio movement, activity; actor acting; activus active
Act action, deed promotion action
actor actor, role player reaction action in response to sth.
interaction interaction, transaction; Wed English, French interaction
agent something acting or someone acting
reagent substance involved in a chemical reaction
alg alga algae
It is necessary to distinguish Lat. alg(algae) from Greek. alg(pain, suffering).
algology branch of botany that studies algae
algocide algae killer; see lat cid
alps from the Alps
forms words with meaning alpine; a rather rare case when a proper name (the name of a mountain system) became a word-forming element.
Alpine alpine; Wed English alpine, fr. and German alpin
mountaineering climbing high mountains rock garden park composition imitating an alpine meadow
anima anima life, soul; animare to animate, to animate
animation animation of drawings, dolls (formerly called animation)
resuscitation“return of the soul”, return from a state of clinical death
animism belief in the animation of all objects and phenomena, a primitive form of religion
Wed. lat. animal – animate (living) creature, animal.
Audi audire hear, listen
audience meeting of listeners, as well as the room where they gather
auditor initially: an investigator, i.e., listening to answers to his questions, now: a person authorized to conduct an audit, check of financial and economic activities
audiometry hearing acuity measurement
audio equipment sound recording and reproducing devices
Wed: “Audi” (the name of passenger cars of a German company) is a translation of the former name “Horch”, which in German means “listen”.
bi bis twice
forms words with meaning double, double(consisting of two parts, having two characteristics); corresponds to Russian two-/two-, Greek di-(??-).
biceps biceps
binomial"two-named" mat. binomial
biathlon biathlon (skiing and shooting); Wed triathlon, pentathlon
bilingualism bilingualism, speaking two languages
bilateral bilateral; bilateral symmetry - two-sided, like most animals
bin bini two, pair;
binarius binary
binoculars“two-eyed” optical device (cf. Russian eye)
binary double, consisting of two components
shaft valere to be healthy, strong, strong; have influence, meaning, value; valens, validus healthy, strong, strong
validity"strength", adequacy (e.g., statement, scientific method)
currency monetary unit, banknotes (Italian valuta - letters price)
devaluation depreciation, reduction in the value of a currency
disabled person powerless, incapable; Wed English invalid, fr. invalide
valence the "strength" of a chemical element (measured by the number of atoms with which it can form chemical bonds)
ambivalent"two-strength", dual
equivalent equivalent
valence
cm. shaft.
walid
cm. shaft.
vent venire to come; ventio parish
convention elected body (lat. conventus – letters gathering, meeting); Wed congress, concession, synod
Adventchurch the “arrival” of Christmas, the time preceding Christmas, the Nativity fast (lat. adventus - letters coming); Wed English, German Advent
convention“convergence” of opinions, agreement, agreement
willow verbum word
verbal verbal
verbalization translation into words
Wed: English verb, fr. verbe, German Verb (verb); once Russian word verb meant “word, speech.”
vers versare to turn, turn; (change
reversible reversible, rotatable
version one of several interpretations (twists) of something.
conversion transformation, transformation
sabotage deviation; destruction (originally: a maneuver to distract the enemy)
contrarian controversial, controversial; Wed English controversial
visas video I look, I look, I see; viso I look, I look, I look
visual visual; Wed English visual, fr. visual, German
visuell audit revision
provisions“provision”, food prudently stored
improvisation actions without “forethought”, without preparation
visor viewfinder, sight
visit phenomenon "firsthand"
TV far-sighting device
vice vice, vicem instead, like, like, like (who)
forms words with meanings: assistant, deputy, second person (by position, rank).
vice president first deputy president vice mayor deputy mayor lieutenant governor deputy governor
provocation“causing” the action desired by the provocateur, influencing someone. in order to encourage a certain action(s)
advocate lawyer providing legal assistance (who is called upon, invited to provide assistance, protect)
vocable word
ox 1 voluntas will, desire
voluntarism strategy of action that ignores objective circumstances
volunteer volunteer
Wed. lat. volens nolens - willy-nilly.
ox 2 Volvo I roll, I spin, I spin
evolution development (this is a Russian word - tracing paper) involution“revolution”, simplification (opposite. evolution)revolver"twist", something that can rotate in both directions (for example, the drum in one of the types of handguns, which is why the weapon itself was called a revolver)
revolution coup
hail gradus step, degree, step
degree unit of measurement of arcs and angles, temperature, strength of drinks
degradation decline, movement down the rungs of the ladder (social, professional)
gradient measure of increase or decrease of something. physical quantity when moving by unit (step) distance
gradation gradual transition from one to another, as well as the stages of this transition
gress gressus move, movement
progress forward movement, forward movement (opposite) regression); Wed Slovenian napredek, Czech. vzestup, Polish postep
regression backward movement, decline (opposite) progress)
aggression attack, attack
progression series of numbers (going to infinity)
congress congress, meeting (lat. congressus – letters convergence, convergence); Wed synod
demi
cm. seven.
deci decem ten
decimation disciplinary punishment in the ancient Roman army: execution of every tenth in the offending unit
In the names of units of measurement, it denotes the coefficient “one tenth”, for example: decibel, decimeter.
dict dicere to speak; dictare to dictate, prescribe
diction"speaking", quality of pronunciation
speaker speaker, radio or television worker
dictator telling people what to do and how to do it
predicatelog., lingu. predicate
Wed: English prediction, fr. prediction (prediction); English, French abdication (renunciation).
dom dominari to dominate, to dominate; dominus lord, master
dominance domination, predominance
dominant the main component of smth.
duct ducere lead, lead, conduct, produce
product something produced
products production products
aqueduct(ancient) water supply
induction induction: in logic - particular statements to a general conclusion (cf. deduction), in physics – electric current by magnetic field
introduction introduction
deduction logical conclusion from a general statement
to the particular (opposite) induction)
conductor conductor
Wed: it. duce (Duce - Mussolini's title), rum. conducator (conductor - Ceausescu's title); English duke, fr. duc Spanish duque (duke).
ect jactare to throw, toss, throw down, overthrow
an object object (this is a Russian word - tracing paper)
objective"objective", unbiased
subjectlog., lingu. subject of judgment, subject;
Wed English subject, fr. sujet, German Subject
projection forward ejection (for example, of light - and thereby the image - from the projector onto the screen); Wed English, French projection
project proposal, plan for creating (including writing) something.
ejaculation release (of semen during sexual intercourse)
injection throwing in, injection
injector, injector injector (this could also be the name of a medical instrument for injection, but the word was borrowed from the German language syringe– Spritze)
trajectory the line that describes the center of gravity of a moving body (tra– from trance-)
Wed. English jet – jet, reactive (i.e. throwing out a jet); as sum/. – jet (of something), jet engine, decomposition reactive plane; in the meaning of “jet plane” the word was borrowed by many European languages (for example, French jet, German Jet).
kapit, kaput caput head (body part), head (chief); capitulum head, chapter (section); capitalis chief (head)
capital top part (head) of the column
captain commander, head of a ship or military unit
cabbage garden plant (still the same “head”, head of cabbage)
capitulate agree on points (chapters) of the terms of surrender and cessation of armed resistance
biceps biceps muscle (lat. biceps – from bis + caput)
Wed: English, Spanish capital, it, fr. capitale (capital, main city); it. capitolo, Spanish capitulo, English dapter, fr. chapitre (chapter – in the book).
karn caro, carnis meat, flesh, body
incarnation embodiment
reincarnation reincarnation, transfer of soul
from one host body to another carnosaurus carnivorous dinosaur carnival festival (it. carnevale – “farewell to meat”; At first, carnivals were held before Lent (meat fasting), i.e. it was an analogue of our Maslenitsa)
Wed: English carnal - carnal, сarnation - clove (the flower of this plant looks like a piece of raw meat); lat. Carnivora zool. carnivores (an order of mammals with the families felines, mustelids, canids, etc.).
quadr, quadri
quattuor four; quadri – four-
square quadrilateral with equal parallel sides
quadrifonic acoustic system of four sound sources, creating the effect of “three-dimensionality” quadriga chariot drawn by four horses
quasi quasi as if, as if, like
forms words with meaning imaginary, false, unreal, For example: quasi-diamond, quasi-scientific, quasi-scientific.
quasiparticles physical quanta of elementary excitations of the system
quasi-stationary: quasi-stationary current - a relatively slowly changing electric current
See also Greek. pseudo.
quart quartus fourth; quarta quarter, fourth part
quarter quarter of the year or part of the city, usually limited to four streets
quartet an ensemble of four performers or a piece of music for such an ensemble
quadroon"one-quarter" black (Spanish) cuarteron)
quint quintus fifth
quintet ensemble of five performers
quintessence basis, essence, essence of smth. (lat. quinta essentia - letters the fifth essence, i.e. the fifth element of the universe is ether, and the first four are water, earth, fire and air)
creat creare create, create; creatura creation, creation, creation
recreation“recreation”, restoration of forces expended in the labor process creature"creation", smb. protege creationism religious doctrine of the creation of the world creative neologism denoting the creative aspect of show business, advertising, etc.
Wed: lat. creator (creator); English creator, fr. createur (creator, creator, creator of something); English The Creator, fr. Le Createur (The Creator, God).
cred cre do I believe, I believe
credit money that is given “on faith” (creditworthiness – the ability to inspire trust) credo views, beliefs (“what I believe in”)
accreditation extending confidence to smb.
discredit deprivation of trust
chickens curare to take care of, take care of, look after, treat
In words borrowed from French. language - not chickens, but cur.
curator trustee
careful"careful about business"
resort healing area (German: Ort – place)
manicure hand care
pedicure feet care
Wed: English, French incurable (ineradicable, incorrigible, incurable); lat. casus incurabilis (the worst thing you can hear from a doctor: a case that cannot be treated).
well currere run, run, move quickly; cursus run, path, course, course, direction
well direction of movement, path; Wed English course, fr. cours, German Courses
contest"escape, collision", competition (lat.
concursus – meeting, clash, rivalry)
cm. chickens
laboratory laborare to work, toil; labor labor, work
laboratory workspace, department of a scientific or technological institution, the work of which includes elements of manual labor
Labour: labor party (English) Labor Party) - a party of labor, a political party of a social democratic orientation in Great Britain and in the countries of the British Commonwealth
collaborator“collaborator” (as in France, Holland, Norway and other Western European countries they called persons who collaborated with the German occupiers)
lay down lex, legis law; legalis legal
legal law
legalization transition/transfer to a legal (permitted by law) position
legitimization giving something legal status, legitimation
Wed: English, German illegal, fr. illegal (illegal, illegal).
lecture“reading” educational material to students or
public speaking on a given topic lecturer"reader" giving lectures
See also Greek. lex.
lingu lingua language (organ; speech)
linguistics linguistics
bilingual bilingual; Wed English bilingual, French bilingue, German bilinguisch
lok locus place, area; localis local; location location
local local
localization attributing something to a certain place, concentration in a certain place. place, limiting the spread of smth. (for example, conflict, fire, inflammation)
locomotion a set of movements by which a living creature moves in space
locator a device that allows you to determine the location of objects in space
See also Greek. mon/mono.
man manus hand; manipulus handful
It is necessary to distinguish Lat. man(by hand, manual) from Greek. man(madness, passion).
manuscript manuscript
manipulation hand action
manicure hand care (French manicure)
manual: manual therapy - treatment with hands (the same as chiropractic)
manufactory non-mechanized workshop with division of manual labor, as well as its products
cop mens, mentis mind, thinking; way of thinking, mental disposition
Not to be confused with suffix -ment.
dementia dementia, acquired mental deficiency (cf. mental retardation)
mental pertaining to thinking and mental disposition
mentality worldview (same as mentality)
a comment“wisely”, a judgment about something.
migrant migrare move, move; migration
migration relocation, movement (of people, animals or plants)
migrant one who migrates
immigrant the one who moved in, moved into smb. country
emigrant one who left, moved from his country (to another country)
re-emigrant one who returned to his country after emigration
Milli mille thousand
million thousand thousand
In the names of units of measurement it denotes the coefficient “one thousandth”, for example: millimeter, milligram.
miss mittere send, let out, release; missio sending, letting go, releasing
missionary messenger
emissary messenger
mission the task on which the emissary is sent
emission issue (for example, securities)
remission weakening (of the pathological process), complete or temporary recovery
commissioner authorized
commission: consignment store - a store in which sellers are authorized to sell goods on behalf of the owner
mobile mobilis mobile, easily moving
mobile agile, capable of rapid movement, action
automobile self-propelled (i.e., without the help of draft animals) cart; see Greek auto
mobilization bringing smb. or smth. into an active (effective) state
spendthrift moto set in motion; motion movement
In some words, instead of spendthrift used mots.
motor mover
locomotion active movement of living beings
emotion movement from inside to outside (see lat. prefix ex-)
motive“driver” (motivating reason) of human behavior
motor skills set of movements of a living body
exercise dosed walking for health purposes
Wed. English promotion – promotion (of a product on the market), promotion.
cm. mot.
multi multus numerous
indicates multiplicity, multiplicity; corresponds to Russian a lot of-, Greek poly-(????-).
multimillionaire owner of a multi-million dollar fortune
animation creation of a cartoon and the cartoon itself; letters multiplication (pictures); Nowadays it is customary to use another term - animation(animation, revival); Wed English, French animal
Wed. Also: English multifunctional, fr. multifonctionnel, German multifunktional (multifunctional); English, French, German multinational (multinational); English, French multiple (numerous, multiple).
mun munus duty, duty, burden
immunity"non-obligation", invulnerability to illness or prosecution (for example, parliamentary immunity)
commune"duty", community, lowest administrative unit in some Romance-speaking countries
communal: communal services - facilities for general (collective) use (electricity, gas, water supply, etc.)
communism socio-economic doctrine calling for the entire economy (economy) to be made communal
nom nomen name, name, denomination
It is necessary to distinguish Lat. nom(name) from Greek. nom(law).
nomenclature painting of names (titles) of positions, goods, etc.
denomination cost, price indicated (named) on a banknote or in a price list
nomination naming, denomination
Wed. lat. casus nominativus – nominative case.
notes notare to designate, mark, write down
notary"scribe", one who drafts and certifies legal documents
notation notation system adopted in some. areas (musical notation, chess, etc.); decomposition moralizing
musical notation: musical notation - musical notation
annotation designation of the topic and focus of the text
Wed. English notebook – notebook, laptop computer, notebook.
nuclear nucleus
nucleon the general name for protons and neutrons, i.e. the particles from which atomic nuclei are built
nucleic: nucleic acids are natural compounds found in the cells of living organisms
nuclear: nuclear weapons - nuclear weapons
oct, octa octo eight; octavus eighth
octet ensemble of eight performers
October the eighth month of the year (the first was March)
See also Greek. Oct/Oct.
Opera operari to work, toil; operatio business, action
opus a separate piece of music, provided with a number - in the order of writing (lat. opus - work, work, work)
opera a type of musical work consisting of many vocal and instrumental opuses, in particular arias (lat. opera - them. p.m. h. from opus)
operation action (such as military or surgical)
operator“operating” (previously this was the name for surgeons, but now for those who control or service certain devices)
hordes ordinare to arrange in order, to arrange; ordo row, order
ordinary ordinary, ordinary, ordinary extraordinary“out of the ordinary”, highly unusual subordination subordination, order of subordination coordination coordination, bringing into mutual order (actions, concepts, etc.)
desk partio I divide, divide, distribute; pars, partis part, share
the consignment part of a (community) community that holds certain views or is united by something. type of activity; there may also be a consignment of goods, i.e. not the whole product, but part of it
partisans a participant in an armed struggle in territory occupied by the enemy (previously, supporters of a political party were called partisans)
partner participant in a common cause, negotiations, etc.
apartheid political doctrine of the separate existence of ethnic groups within a single state; apartheid – a word from the Boer language (Afrikaans)
pass 1 passus step, tread, movement; adv. lat. passare (= French passer) to pass, to pass
passport"pass"
pliers a tool that can pass wire through itself
passage a row of shops located in a passage
through the building
pass 2 passio suffering; passion
passive passive, indifferent
ped pes, pedis leg
It is necessary to distinguish Lat. ped(leg) from Greek. ped(child).
orthopedics straightening the legs
pedicure foot care (French: pedicure) pedal foot operated lever
bipedal: bipedal locomotion - movement on two legs (the method of movement is characteristic not only of humans, but also of animals: kangaroos, chickens, etc.)
pos positio position; ponere (= French poser) to put, put, place
position(location positive positive pose position (of body)
exposition exhibition (everything is laid out outside, in plain sight)
Wed. English preposition (preposition; linguistic pretext).
port portare (= French porter) to wear
transport moving
import entry, import (of goods)
export removal, removal (of goods)
portable easy to carry
transportable moveable
deportation expulsion
purse coin carrying container (fr. porte-monnaie)
briefcase container for carrying papers (French porte-feuille; fr. feuille leaf - from lat. folium leaf)
press pressare to press, reap
press print, part of the media (generated by the pressure of a printing press on a sheet of paper)
compressor compressor (air)
expression expression (strike means “to hit”, i.e. to press sharply)
depression depressed, depressed state of mind repression suppression of the activities of a person or social group
Wed: French, English impression (printing, printing; imprint, imprint; impression); fr. impressionnisme Impressionism is a movement in art whose representatives sought to convey direct impressions.
approx. primus first
primate primacy, supremacy (for example, the law before something else)
primates first among equals mammals
primitive initial, primary (and simpler - only if progress takes place)
primitivism a deliberate return to primitive forms (for example, in art)
diva opera singer performing the first (main) roles (Italian primadonna - letters first lady)
for the sake of radius beam
radius ray going from the center of the circle to the circumference
radial: radial symmetry - radial symmetry (a special case of the central one): relative to a vertical line passing through the center (for example, like in echinoderms - starfish, urchins, etc.)
radiation radiation
radiophobia pathological fear of radioactivity
radio a device that detects electromagnetic radiation and extracts sounds encoded by it
radik radix root
radical radical, decisive
radiculitis inflammation of the spinal nerve roots
retro retro back, back, back
retro: retro style - reproducing antiquity
retrograde opponent of progress, “going backwards”
retrospective looking back to the past
san, sana sanare to treat, heal; sanus healthy
reorganization recovery
sanatorium medical institution
orderly(junior) medical worker, health worker
sanitation activities aimed at maintaining hygiene standards
centi
cm. cent.
sects secare to cut, dissect
section compartment
sector section of a circle cut off by two radii
sect a cut-off part of a religious community
Wed: fr. insecte, English insect – insect (this Russian word is a tracing paper of the Latin insectum, and the Latin word is a tracing paper Greek???????).
See also Greek. tom/tomo.
seven semi– semi-, half-
forms words with meaning half, partly, semi-; instead of seven(in meaning semi-) in Russian the language used is French. element demi(in words borrowed from French).
demi-season designed for “half-season”, i.e. for the transition season (spring, autumn)
demicoton cotton fabric (fr. demicoton letters semi-cotton)
Wed: English semi-conductor fr. semi-conducteur (semiconductor).
sense sensus feeling, sensation; meaning, significance
sensory pertaining to sensations
sensation news that evokes strong feelings
psychic supersensible
subsensory: subsensory sensitivity - vague perception of ultra-weak (subthreshold) sensory stimuli, often the basis of premonitions, extrasensory perception
consensus achieving a common view of something, establishing a common meaning
sept septem seven
It is necessary to distinguish Lat. sept(seven) from Greek. sept(rotting, putrefactive).
septet ensemble of seven performers septole music seven-beat rhythmic division
serv 1 servire to be a slave, to be subordinate, to serve
service service, maintenance
servility servility, servility
serv 2 servare to protect, preserve
reserve stock
canned preserved, fixed unchanged
conservative protective, preserving the old order
condom"safety"
preserves food products protected from spoilage
script scribere write; scriptio scripture
scriptoriumist. room in the monastery where books were copied
manuscript manuscript
P.S.“after written”, addition to letter
transcription“rewriting”, transferring the sound of words in writing, as well as writing foreign words using a different alphabet (taking into account their pronunciation)
dream sonor sound
dissonance violation of consonance
sonar echolocator type
sonorant:linguistic sonorant sounds - consonant sounds formed with the predominance of the voice over noise
Wed: English sonic (sound); "Panasonic" (company name).
social socius general
society society social public
socialization the introduction of an individual (child, psychopath or desocialized adult) to society
association inclusion, community
socialism political doctrine that sees a solution
all the problems in the socialization of production
dissociation disintegration, disunity
spect spectare look, look
range visible
play spectacle
speculation a theory formulated without sufficient grounds, based not on the essence of phenomena, but on “appearance”
inspection peering
introspection looking inside, introspection, tracking one’s own mental processes as a method of psychological research
retrospective backward-looking, looking back
avenue a wide straight street along which you can see far ahead
abstract review
spir spiritus breath, soul, spirit
spirometer medical device for determining lung volume, “breathing volume”
conspiracy theories conspiracy theory or one big and comprehensive conspiracy, the tendency to see someone else's in any event. organizing will
inspire inspire
Wed: fr. conspiration, English conspiracy - conspiracy, “unanimity” (of participants); rus. conspiracy - keeping one's activities secret (this is only one aspect of the actions of the conspirators).
stat stand; statio standing; statuere to put, install
station stop
prostate prostate gland (word prostatic- this is tracing paper)
stationary motionless, at rest, standing (as opposed to mobile or portable, transportable)
statement establishment
statics part of mechanics in which conditions are studied
balance, immobility of bodies
statue"standing" sculpture
status state, legal status static fixed
Wed. English state – state (something stable, established), state.
stit statuere to put, install; constituere (= con + statuere), instituere (= in + statuere), restituere (= re + statuere)
constitution(state) establishment that determines the legal life of society
institute social establishment, form of organization of society (for example, the institution of family, the institution of inheritance of property, etc.); Research and training institutes are simply institutions
restitution restoration of the previous state of affairs (for example, restitution of property relations - return of property to the previous owner); complete regeneration of damaged tissue or organ
structure structio location, construction, construction
structure structure, device
design the result of an assembly, something assembled from separate parts
reconstruction perestroika
destruction destruction
instructions“integration” into the case (cf. information)
obstruction"obstacle", disruption of smb. events (method of political struggle)
studio studeo I work hard, I teach, I study
student student of a higher educational institution; recently under the influence of English. language (student - student) students often call all students, with the exception of schoolchildren
Studio workshop (but not just any workshop, but one related to art)
etude educational or preparatory work (French etude)
study study in depth subject (German studieren)
tact tactus touch
tactile tactile contact contact
tact a sense of proportion, suggesting the most delicate attitude (concern) towards someone. or to smth.
text tectum cover, roof
detective“tearing off the veil”, revealing smth. (for example, crime)
patronage"protection", patronage
tread patron, protector (state exercising protectorate, or the outer surface of a car tire)
protectorate protection exercised by one state in relation to another dependent on it, as well as the dependent territory itself
terr, terra terra earth
territory land surface terrarium room (or box) for keeping amphibians and reptiles terrace earthen ledge on the side of a mountain, hill
Wed: fr. extraterrestre, English extraterrestrial (of extraterrestrial origin; like sum/. - alien, extraterrestrial).
tract trahere pull, drag, attract; tractus dragging, dragging, movement, stripe, trace (path)
tractoutdated a large well-worn road; digestive tract - esophagus
Contract“company”, an agreement with mutual obligations
abstract abstract
extract extracted (for example, herbal medicine)
attraction"attraction", something fascinating
attractant"attractor", an odorous substance secreted by some animals to attract a sexual partner
turbo turbo, turbinis vortex, whirling, rotation
turbine“twist”, an engine with rotational movement of the working body (rotor)
turbulence turbulence of a gas or liquid medium
perturbation sudden complication causing confusion
uni u nus one (Dan. p. uni)
corresponds to Russian one-, one-.
university educational institution where they teach everything unique one of a kind unisex: unisex style - the same for both sexes
Wed: English union (connection, merger; association, alliance), universe (universe).
fact facere do; factare to do, commit; factum act done
fact“done”, something accomplished; Wed lat. postfactum/post factum (committed after smb., after done)
defect unfinished, lack
Effect resulting from what has been done, the result (see lat. prefix the ex-)
affect strong excitement attached to the action (see lat. prefix hell-)
confection ready-made (not made-to-measure) clothing and linen (also the corresponding department in the store)
candy(formerly: candy) a completely ready-to-eat sweet treat (a candy could also be called perfect); Wed confetti- bright pieces of paper that practical Italians used to replace sweets (it was customary to shower guests with them at the ball), but the name remained
infection impact on the body (penetration inside) of pathogenic microbes, infection
factor active principle
Second part of compound words -fiction introduces meanings: doing, arranging something, for example: electrification-"making electric" pacification– “making peaceful”, pacification (Latin pax – peace), Russification- “making it Russian.”
fer ferre to carry, to carry
transfer, transfer transfer of foreign currency, transfer of ownership of securities, etc. interference interaction of converging waves
afferent:physiol. afferent nerve - carrying impulses
efferent:physiol. efferent nerve - carries away impulses
trim separation (difference) in immersion of the bow and stern of the vessel
preference"presentation", gambling card game (fr.
preference – letters preference)
differentiation"separation", discrimination
See also Greek. for.
fication
cm. fact/fact.
flex flectere bend, bend; flexio bending, bending, turning
flexionlinguistic the ending of a word (in contrast to the “unbending” stem, “bends” during declension, conjugation); physiol. flexion of a limb or trunk
flexor flexor muscle (eg biceps)
reflex reflection, "turn back"
reflection tendency to analyze one's thoughts and experiences
Wed: English, French, Spanish flexible, German flexibel (flexible).
fract frangere to break; fractio breaking, breaking, breaking
fracturehoney. fracture (of a bone)
fraction"fragment", part of smth. (for example, a political party, a body of parliament members, or a heterogeneous liquid like oil)
refraction light refraction)
diffraction“breaking” of light as a result of the light wave bending around small obstacles (see lat. prefix dis-)
front frons, frontis forehead
confrontation head-on collision
front something turned to the sides (like a forehead)
frontal: frontal plane – running parallel to the forehead
fuzz fundere pour, flow, flow, spread, cast, melt, scatter, spread; fususflowing, prostrate
transfusionhoney. blood transfusion)
diffusion distribution, spreading of a substance in a foreign environment
embarrassment awkward position or state of embarrassment, awkwardness (lat. confusus - chaotic, confused, upset)
cent centum one hundred
forms words with meanings: in the amount of one hundred; hundredth part (in this meaning the element borrowed from the French language is also used centi).
percent hundredth of something; Wed English per cent fr. pourcent, German Prozent
hundredweight one hundred kilograms
centimeter hundredth of a meter (French: centimetre)
cent"stotinka", a coin of one hundredth of a dollar or euro
centurion commander of a century (hundred) in the ancient Roman army
center centrum (from Greek???????) center, focal point, middle
concentration concentration (this is a Russian word - tracing paper)
centralization concentration of smth. in one place, in one hand
decentralization elimination of centralization
concentric: concentric circles - having a common center
egocentrism focus on oneself, the idea of oneself as the center of the universe (lat. ego - I)
cept capere take, receive; concipere (= con + capere), contra + incipere (in + capere), recipere (= re + capere)
concept, concept"conceived", initiated idea
contraception measures to prevent conception
contraceptive contraceptive
reception reception, acceptance, receiving, perception; Wed English reception, fr. reception
receptor recipient (receiver) of sensations
perception“complete receiving”, perception, construction of holistic images based on sensations
recipe"received", a doctor's prescription for a medicine or a method of preparing something.
cess go, move
procession passage, procession
process progress of affairs, events
concession“gathering”, agreement of economic entities
excess something out of the ordinary
recession(economic) retreat, decline in production
cid caedes murder
suicide suicide
fungicide“mushroom killer”, a means of destroying fungi (plant pests)
insecticide pest killer
genocide destruction of clan, people
Wed: English, French homicide – (human) murder; lat. homicidium (homo person + caedo I kill).
eq, equi aequus equal
equivalent equivalent, equivalent
adequate"equal", suitable, corresponding
equator an imaginary line passing around the globe at equal distances from the poles and dividing the globe into two equal parts (two hemispheres)
Wed: English equation, fr. equation (math equation).
cm. ect.
Greek roots
auto????? myself
means: self-, own, own; in some words instead auto used auto.
autocracy autocracy, autocracy, cf. English autocracy, fr. autocracy
autonomy self-government (Greek ????? - law)
automobile self-propelled carriage; see lat. mobile
self-aggression deliberate self-harm
agog??? drive; ?????? leading
teacher"childcare worker" (cf. commander), a teacher or educator working with children; Wed English pedagogue, French pedagogue
andragogy applied science that studies the characteristics of training and (re)education of adults (conscripts, prisoners, etc.); see Greek andr
demagogy"population", the art of manipulating the masses (cf. populism)
synagogue"bringing together", (prayer) meeting, council (vs.-sl. cathedral - tracing paper Greek ????????); Wed English, French synagogue, German Synagogue
all????? another
parallels lines running along each other
allele one of two "parallel" genes in a diploid cell
allergy a disease in which the body reacts differently to normal stimuli; see Greek erg
metal something that is not found in its pure form, but together with other (breeds)
allopathy the usual (traditional) system of treatment - by means other than those that cause suffering (opposite. homeopathy)
allotropy existence of smb. a chemical element in the form of two or more simple substances (for example, carbon: coal, graphite, diamond)
alg????? pain, suffering
It is necessary to distinguish between Greek. alg(pain, suffering) from lat. alg(algae).
analgesic pain reliever
algophobia pathological, increased fear of pain
nostalgia homesickness
andr????, ?????? man human
andrology science of male diseases
polyandry polyandry, a type of polygamy
android humanoid (for example, robot)
Ichthyander fish-man (literary character)
anthrop??????? person, man
anthropology comprehensive human science; Wed English
anthropology, fr. anthropology
anthropogenic generated by human activity or contributed to anthropogenesis (the emergence of humans as a species)
Pithecanthropus apeman
anthropophage cannibal
philanthropy English philanthropy, fr. philanthropie
anthropomorphism endowing animals and natural phenomena with human properties
arch??????? ancient, original; ???? beginning and superiors, government, power
Word??????? means not only ancient, but also senior(initially by age, and then also by social status). In Russian language has words with elements arche, archeo, archi.
archeology science of antiquities; Wed English archaeology/ archeology, fr. archeologie, German. Archaologie
monarchy"uniocracy", autocracy (vs.-sl. dhrzha - dominion, power)
anarchy anarchy
archbishop senior bishop
oligarchy power of the few (cf. monarchy- the power of one, democracy- People power) archaic outdated
archive repository of old documents, as well as these documents themselves
See also Greek. times
arche, archeo, archi
cm. arch.
atmosphere????? steam, evaporation, breath
atmosphere air envelope of the Earth
atmometer meteorological instrument
Wed: German Atmen/Atmung (breath), atmen (breathe); Skt. mahatma (mahatma) – letters great soul, maharaja (maharaja/maharajah) – letters great king.
auto
cm. auto.
bases????? basis, base
basis foundation(s) of smth. basic fundamental
bio???? life
biogenic generating life or generated by the activity of living beings
biography biography (life story of a person)
biocorrosion corrosion of metals with the participation of microorganisms
biology complex of life sciences
antibiotic“anti-life”, a substance that inhibits the growth of microorganisms
hubbub????? marriage, nuptials
monogamy monogamy
endogamy the custom of marrying only within one’s own socio-ethnic group (opposite. exogamy)
exogamy a custom that prohibits marriage within a certain social group (opposite. endogamy)
polygamy polygamy
hex, hexa?? six
hexode"six-path", a vacuum tube with six electrodes
hexose carbohydrate with six carbon atoms (such as glucose)
hexameter antique six-foot poetic meter
hecto?????? one hundred
hl. one hundred liters
hecatomb originally: sacrifice of a hundred bulls, now: massacre or death of a large number of people
Hecatonchiresmyth. creatures with a hundred hands
hemato
cm. hemo.
hemi???– half, half
hemianesthesia loss of sensation in one half of an organ or body
hemisphere hemisphere (for example, the Earth or the brain)
hemicrania headache that spreads to only half of the head (Greek ???????- scull); same as migraine (fr. migraine - from lat. hemicrania, borrowed from Greek. language)
hemo????, ??????? blood
Not only can it be used as the first component hemo, but also hemato; inside the word (as the beginning of the second part) the element is highlighted eat.
anemia anemia (lit. bloodlessness)
hemolymph analogue of blood in invertebrates
oligemia lack of blood in the body (for example, as a result of blood loss); see Greek oligo/oligo
hematophage"bloodeater", a creature that feeds on blood (for example, a mosquito)
gene????? family, origin; ????? birth; ??????? birth, origin
generation generation; birth, production
generator generating smth. (sound, electric current, ideas)
anthropogenic generated by human activity
or contributed to anthropogenesis (the emergence of man as a species)
genetics science of heredity
genealogy pedigree (this is a Russian word - tracing paper)
Eugene male name (Greek ???????- noble, of good origin, good family); Wed English Eugene, French Eugene
phylogenesis origin, history of development of species, genera, families and other taxa; see Greek fil/filo 2
biogenesis origin of life on earth
Wed: lat. Hydrogenium (hydrogen), Oxygenium (oxygen).
Wed. also: Genesis, the first book of the Bible, telling about the creation of the world, in Greek. translation – ??????? .
genesis
cm. gene.
geo?? Earth
denotes an attitude towards planet Earth and its study. geometry"land surveying"
geography description of the Earth, complex of Earth sciences; Wed Czech zemepis (tracing paper)
apogee the point of its satellite's orbit that is farthest from Earth
geocentric: geocentric model of the Universe - with the Earth at the center
geology science that studies the earth's crust
geosphere shells of the Earth (lithosphere, atmosphere, etc.)
hetero?????? other, other, one of two
heterosexual of a different gender heterogeneous heterogeneous
heteromorphic different, dissimilar shape, structure
giga??? ?? , ??????? huge, gigantic
giant something extremely large
In the names of units of measurement it denotes the coefficient “billion”, for example: gigahertz
hydr, hydro????water
hydrosphere water shell of the Earth; Wed English hydrosphere, fr. hydrosphere
hydrodynamics a branch of fluid mechanics that studies the movement of liquids (including water) and their effect on solids
hydrolysis decomposition of water into elements (cf. analysis)
hydrant standpipe installed on the water supply line
hydramyth. water snake; zool. freshwater animal
Wed. lat. Hydrogenium (hydrogen).
gyne, gynek ????, ????????woman
misogynist misogynist
gynecology science of women's diseases
polygyny polygamy, a type of polygamy
hippo, hippo?????horse, horse
Not to be confused with Greek. prefix hypo–(cm.).
In some (few) words, instead of hippo/hippo used ipp/ippo. Lack of initial G due to the fact that the word was borrowed from French. language, where h not pronounced.
hippodrome horse racing place (fr. hippodrome -from Greek ??????????); Wed lat. (from Greek) hippodromus
hippotherapy treatment of certain mental disorders through communication with horses; Wed English hippo-therapy
hippology horse science
hippopotamus hippopotamus (Greek: ???????????? – letters river horse; Wed Mesopotamia - Mesopotamia); Wed English hippopotamus, German Flusspferd (tracing paper)
Philip male name (Greek??????? - horse lover)
gnosis, gnosis?????? knowledge, cognition
forecast"foreknowledge", knowledge of future events
diagnosis complete knowledge, knowledge "through and through" agnostic a follower of agnosticism (a doctrine that denies the possibility of knowing the objective world); usually: politically correct designation for an unbeliever, an atheist (Greek ???????? - unknowable)
epistemology branch of philosophy, theory of knowledge
goal, goal???? whole, whole
When borrowing from English. language - cold/cold.
holocaust extermination of European Jews during the Nazi years (the word was transcribed from English Holocaust, which is written with a capital letter to denote this particular phenomenon); Greek?????????? – burnt completely, entirely; in Russian there is tracing paper in the language Greek?????????? – burnt offering (see New Testament)
holistic holistic, comprehensive; Wed English holistic
Catholic universal, extending to everyone; Wed English catholic, fr. catholique, German katholisch (from Greek?????????)
holography holistic, comprehensive image (volumetric)
Holarctic the entire North, a biogeographic region occupying most of the land north of the Tropic of Cancer
homeo, homo??????, ???? equal, identical, similar
Not to be confused with Lat. root homo(Human).
homeo/homo, A Go-moyo.
homogeneous homogeneous homosexual same sex
homeothermic with constant temperature (body), warm-blooded (birds and mammals)
homeopathy a system of treatment with those drugs (in minimal doses) that in large doses cause something that is similar to the symptoms of a given disease (opposite. allopathy)
homeostasis
homoyo
cm. homeo/homo.
rut????? corner
trigonometry (lit. measuring triangles)
diagonalgeom. a straight line connecting the vertices of two angles of a polygon that are not adjacent to the same side
pentagon pentagon; The Pentagon is a building of the US Department of Defense (it has a pentagonal plan)
grams????? letter; letter, recording; image
program prescription
telegram message (letter) sent far away (by telegraph); see Greek body
grammar the science of correct writing
hologram image obtained by holography; see Greek goal/goal
gramophone device for playing recorded sound
count, grapho????? write, draw
photo light painting, obtaining images on photosensitive materials
geography land description
biography biography
calligraphy beautiful writing, penmanship
graphomaniac a person overwhelmed by a passion for writing, composing
schedule drawing, drawing
soundboard???? ten
decapodszool. decapod crustaceans and molluscs
decalogue ten commandments in the bible
decade ten days
In the names of units of measurement, the coefficient “ten” is used, for example: decaliter, decagram.
dem, demo????? people
democracy democracy
demagogy“population”, manipulation of public opinion (cf. populism)
epidemic widespread infectious disease (covers the entire population) pandemic the spread of an infectious disease to entire countries and continents
demiurge"folk master", creator
di??? twice
forms words with meaning double, double– consisting of two parts, having two characteristics; corresponds to Russian two-/two-, lat. bi– (bi-).
dioxide dioxide
digraph combination of two letters
dyad duality; Wed triad
dilogy two literary works of the same author, connected by unity of concept and continuity of plot; Wed trilogy, tetralogy
dilemma choice of two options
dichromatic two-color
dimorphism the presence within a species of individuals that differ in structure (for example, sexual dimorphism)
diphthong combining two vowels in one syllable
dynamo??????? force
dynamics part of mechanics that studies the movement of bodies under the action of applied forces; state or course of development of something. (for example, positive dynamics - changes for the better); Wed German Dynamik, fr. dynamique, English dynamics
dynamometer strength meter
physical inactivity insufficient physical activity
dynamite high explosive
diplo??????? double
diploidity double set of chromosomes in the nuclei of somatic cells of most living organisms
diplodocus dinosaur (lit.“double log”: tail and neck with head - like two logs)
dodeca?????? twelve
dodecaphony a method of musical composition based on the complete equality of all twelve tones of the chromatic scale
dodecahedron dodecahedron
cm. eve/hey.
cm. aid.
cm. hemo.
erg????? work, business; ??????? instrument, instrument, means, organ
In many words it is not used erg, A erg/ergo or org And urg.
surgeon a doctor who performs surgical intervention, operations (literally, manual work)
energy activity, ability to do work (lit. in work)
ergonomics the science of comfortable working conditions
organ“working”, tool, instrument; active body part
organ a “working” musical instrument (a very complex musical mechanism)
organelle“organ” of a living cell (usually a unicellular organism), for example, a digestive vacuole in protozoa, a flagellum, etc. (-ella– lat. diminutive suffix)
organoid an intracellular structure that performs a certain “job”, an analogue of organs in the whole organism: mitochondria, lysosome, etc. (lit. organ-like)
organism set of working bodies
organization bringing into working condition, as well as the working structure itself
hard labor detention (for a crime committed)
metallurgy metal production
dramaturgy production of dramas (acts)
allergy a disease in which the body incorrectly reacts differently to a common stimulus; see Greek all
demiurge"folk master", creator
liturgy social work; worship
zoy??? life
Mesozoic era of “middle life”, one of the eras of the development of life on Earth (between the Paleozoic and Cenozoic)
zoo???? animal
zoology animal science
bestiality sexual attraction of people to animals
epizootic widespread infectious animal disease (cf. epidemic)
iatr?????? doctor
In some words it is used (as the first component) yatro.
psychiatrist the one who heals the soul
pediatrician one who heals children
iatrogenic a pathological process caused by treatment (for example, a side effect of a drug or inappropriate surgery)
ideo???? appearance, appearance, image; concept, idea
ideal image(s) of smth. perfect
ideology system of ideas, views, ideas
Wed. Greek oid, emd.
hier, hier????? sacred, holy
hieroglyphs sacred writings
hierarch high-ranking cleric
hierarchy initially: sequential arrangement of dignitaries (ranks) in the church organization, currently: subordination of levels of interaction in complex systems
hieromonk monk ordained as a priest
archpriest high priest
ippo, ippo
cm. hippo/hippo.
callie????? (?????-) Beautiful
calligraphy the art of beautiful writing
kaleidoscope optical toy; rapid and disorderly change of smth. (lit. contemplation of beautiful images; see Greek aid)
mullet??????head
In a number of words instead mullet used cephal.
mullet"golovan", sea fish
autocephaly an independent, self-governing (its own head) Orthodox Church (for example, the Georgian Orthodox Church); Wed English autocephaly, fr. autocephalie
microcephaly, microcephalyhoney. abnormally small size of the skull and brain
encephalon brain (Greek: ????????? , letters what's in the head); Wed English brain, fr. encephale
encephalogram recording of electrical activity of the brain
encephalitis brain inflammation
Cynocephalus myth. "dog-headed", a creature with a dog's head and a human body; see Greek kincephalopods cephalopods, carnivorous molluscs
kilo??????or??????thousand
In the names of units of measurement, the coefficient “thousand” is used, for example: kilogram, kilowatt.
kin ????, ?????dog
In some words it is used movie, and qin.
cynology the science of dog breeding
dog handler canine specialist (usually: a person working in tandem with a service dog - a rescuer, a policeman, but not a shepherd or a hunter)
cynic originally: follower cynicism, philosophical school founded in the 4th century. BC e. in Athens (also cynic); Greek ???????- named after the Kinosarg hill (??????????), where was the gymnasium where training was conducted; now: an arrogant person who openly and grossly violates moral standards
kine, let's throw????? move; ?????? movement
In a number of complex words it is also used (as the first component) movie, meaning: relating to cinematography.
cinema motion recording, film production; Wed English cinematography, fr. cinematography, him. Kinematographie/Kinematographie
kinematics part of mechanics that studies the motion of bodies (as opposed to statics)
kinesthesia motor sense, a living being's perception of its own movements
kinescope(TV) a device that allows you to see the transmitted image
kinetic: kinetic energy – a measure of mechanical motion
hypokinesia low mobility, insufficient motor activity
movie 1
cm. kine/kinem.
movie 2
cm. kin.
space?????? arrange, arrange, decorate
space(world order
cosmopolitan citizen of the world, space
cosmetics the art of maintaining the body in order and beauty (for the ancient Greeks, order and beauty were identical)
cosmodrome space launch site
Kuzma,churchCosma, Cosma male name (Greek: ??????– order; decoration; beauty, honor)
times?????? power, rule, dominance
democracy democracy
gerontocracy the power of the old; Wed gerontophobia(see Greek root fob)
autocracy autocracy aristocracy power of the best (i.e. noble)
See also Greek. arch.
crypt, crypto??????? secret, hidden
cryptography secret writing
cryptogram encrypted message
cryptozoology parascience that collects information about legendary animals (Bigfoot, Loch Ness monster, etc.)
cryptogams secretagogous plants (without flowers)
krypton an inert gas present in the air "secretly" without being detected
xeno????? stranger
xenophobia hostility to everything alien, “foreign”; Wed English xenophobia, fr. xenophobie, German Xenophobe
xenon"stranger", an inert gas first discovered as an impurity in krypton
xenopsychology in science fiction: a science that studies the psychology of representatives of extraterrestrial civilizations
xero????? dry
xerophytes ecological group of plants growing in dry places
Xerox(dry) text copying technology (English) xerox)
lex????? word, expression, speech
vocabulary a set of words (vocabulary composition) of something. language (or some part of the vocabulary, for example scientific vocabulary), as well as the vocabulary of works of some kind. writer
dyslexia reading disorder or difficulty learning to read; Wed English dyslexia
alexia a neurological disorder manifested in a complete inability to perceive written speech; Wed English alexia
See also lat. lect.
Liz????? dissolution, relaxation, decomposition
analysis analysis, decomposition into component parts; Wed English analysis, fr. analyze, German Analyze
paralysis“almost complete relaxation”, loss of motor functions; Wed English paralysis fr. paralysie, German Paralyze
lysosome“dissolving body”, cellular organelle, analogue of the digestive organ in the whole organism
electrolysis decomposition of a substance under the influence of electric current
hydrolysis exchange reaction between water and substance
lit, lito????? stone
paleolithic
lithosphere solid shell of the Earth
lithophytes plants growing on rocks and stones (some algae, lichens)
monolith something made from a single piece of stone, not composite; used as a metaphor for strength, unity
log????? word, concept, doctrine
philology a set of sciences related to the study of the language and literary creativity of a particular people; Wed Englishрhylogy
geology science that studies the earth's crust
epilogue“afterword”, the final part of a literary work; Wed English epilogue, fr. epilogue, German Epilog
prologue"preface", introductory part of the literary
works; Wed English, French prologue, German Prolog
logoneurosis stuttering
neologism
dialogue exchange of words between interlocutors
analogy similarity (helps to reveal the content of the concept)
decalogue"decalogue", ten biblical commandments
genealogy pedigree; see Greek gene
macro?????? long, big
macroscopic visible to the naked eye
macromolecule molecule containing hundreds or millions of atoms, usually polymeric
macrocosm"big" universe (as opposed to microcosm, world of ultra-small objects described by quantum mechanics)
man????? madness, madness; passion, attraction (insanity in both the psychiatric and everyday senses)
It is necessary to distinguish between Greek. man(madness, passion) from lat. man(by hand, manual).
music lover very passionate about music person
maniac manic
megalomania megalomania
mega, megalo?????, ?????? big, great, huge
megalopolis, megalopolis large city
megalomania megalomania
megaphone device that increases speech volume
In the names of units of measurement it denotes the coefficient “million”, for example: megahertz, megaton.
meso????? average, intermediate
Mesozoic geological era of "middle life" (between the Paleozoic and Cenozoic)
mesophyte plant that prefers medium moisture levels
Mesopotamia Mesopotamia (historical region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers)
meso
cm. meso.
meter, metro?????? to measure; ?????? measure
geometry earth measurement
thermometer heat meter
meter measure of extent
symmetry proportionality
miz, mizo????? hate
misanthrope misanthrope; Wed philanthropist
misanthropy dislike for people, alienation from them, misanthropy; Wed philanthropy
misogynist misogynist
misoneism aversion to everything new
micro?????? small, insignificant
microtome“small cutter”, a tool for preparing the thinnest sections of anatomical specimens
microscope device for viewing very small objects
microbiology the branch of biology concerned with the study of the smallest living things
microcosm(os) the world of small spatial quantities; Wed macrocosm
micrometer millionth of a meter, micron
mnez
cm. I think.
I think????? memory, recollection
In some words, instead of I think used mnez.
amnesia memory loss, oblivion
amnesty legal “oblivion” (the law enforcement system seems to forget about the crime committed)
mnemonics, mnemonics a set of techniques to help memorize mnemonic memory-related
paramnesia, pseudomnesia false memories
mon, mono????? the only one
monarch autocrat
monk usually: a member of a religious community living in a monastery (Greek??????? - living alone)
monomer unit component polymer(e.g. ethylene versus polyethylene)
monochrome plain
monocle optical glass for one eye (cf.: for two eyes - pince-nez, glasses)
monocular“one-eyed” optical device (opposite. binoculars)
morph, morpho????? form
metamorphosis transformation, transformation
morphology the science of form, structure (of words, living things, geological structures, etc.)
morphogenesis origin, formation of form
dimorphism“biformity”, the presence of individuals of different structures within a species (for example, sexual dimorphism)
anthropomorphism transferring human properties and characteristics to animals and natural phenomena
nano?????? dwarf
nanotechnology technologies related to objects close to nanometer in size
in the names of units of measurement denotes the coefficient “one billionth”, for example: nanosecond, nanometer.
necro?????? dead
necrosis tissue death
obituary a word about a dead person
necrophilia sexual attraction to corpses
necropolis"city of the dead", cemetery
neo???? new
neologism linguistic innovation, new word or expression
neo-communism updated doctrine of communism
Neolithic"new stone age", the last era of the stone age
neon"novichok", inert gas
neophyte"new shoot", newbie in smth. (new supporter of some teaching, follower of some religion)
Nov
cm. noo.
nom???? law
It is necessary to distinguish between Greek. nom(law) from lat. nom(Name).
autonomy self management
agronomy the science of the “laws” (fertility) of the field, soil
astronomy science about the laws of life of cosmic bodies and the Universe
economy laws of sound management
ergonomics applied science of comfortable working conditions
noo???? mind, consciousness
paranoia"insanity", madness
metanoia“mental change”, change of mind, consciousness
noosphere"intelligent" shell of the Earth
od???? path, course
synod“gathering”, meeting of clergy (cf. congress)
period circling time
method way of doing something, technique; Wed English method, fr. methode, German Methode
electrode"electric path", conductor
anode"way up", one of the electrodes
cathode"way down", one of the electrodes
Oid????? look, appearance, image
forms words with meaning like.
humanoid humanoid creature
spheroid a body similar in shape to a sphere or sphere (for example, the globe)
schizoid a person with schizophrenia-like personality traits
organoid organ-like intracellular structure that performs a specific vital function of the cell
Wed. Greek ide/ideo, eid.
cm. eco.
Ox, Oxy???? sour
forms words with the meaning: relating to oxygen or an acidic environment.
hypoxia oxygen starvation, lack of oxygen in tissues; Wed English hypoxia, fr. hypoxie
dioxide dioxide
vinegar aqueous solution of acetic acid Comp. lat. Oxygenium (oxygen).
oct, octa???? eight
octopus eight-legged mollusk
octahedron octahedron
See also lat. Oct/Oct.
oligo, oligo?????? few, small
mental retardation“feeble-mindedness”, dementia, congenital mental deficiency (cf. dementia)
oligarchy the power of few
oligemia blood deficiency in the body; see Greek hemo
them
cm. onoma.
onoma????? Name
onym.
onomastics the branch of lexicology that studies proper names
anonymous unnamed, no author designation
synonym"coname", a word with a similar meaning
antonym"countername", a word with the opposite meaning
eponym"by name", giving to smb. your name (for example, Stalin - cf. the city of Stalingrad)
cm. erg.
ornito?????, ??????? bird
ornithology the branch of zoology that studies birds
ornithophobia pathological fear of birds
Wed. lat. Confuciornys is one of the Mesozoic ancestors of modern birds, named by Chinese paleontologists in honor of Confucius.
ortho????? straight, correct
orthopedics straightening the legs; Wed English orthopedics/orthopedics, fr. orthopedic, German Orthopadie
spelling spelling; Wed English orthography, fr. or-thographe, German. Orthografie/Orthographie and Rechtschrei-bung (this word is tracing paper)
orthodox Orthodox, true believer; Wed English, German orthodox, fr. orthodoxe
orthoepy rules governing correct pronunciation (Greek???? - speech); Wed English orthoepy, fr. orthoepie, German Orthopie
spelling
cm. ortho.
paleo??????? ancient
paleography piece of history studying ancient manuscripts
paleontology the science of the history of the biosphere, of fossil organisms (Greek ?? , ????? - existing)
paleolithic the oldest period of the Stone Age
stalemate????? everything that smb. undergoes (experiences), feeling, suffering
pathology the science of suffering (painful condition), as well as the process itself that causes it
pathetic associated with high (strong) feelings
patient suffering, patient; English, French patient, German Patient
solitaire laying out playing cards; fr. patience - patience (this quality is necessary when playing solitaire)
telepathy"far-sensing"
Pater, Patr?????, ??????father
patriot devoted to his fatherland compatriot compatriot (fr. compatriot); Wed English compatriot
paternalism"fatherly" patronage
patriarch"father elder"
ped ????, ??????child, boy
It is necessary to distinguish between Greek. ped(child) from lat. ped(leg).
pediatrics treatment of children
pedophilia sexual attraction of adults to children
pederast"boy lover", originally: ephebophile, now: homosexual
pedagogy"driving children", the science of education and training
pent, penta?????five
pentagon pentagon
pentathlon sports pentathlon (Greek ????? - competition, fight; ????? - reward for victory); Wed biathlon, triathlon
pentagram a "five-line" geometric object whose area corresponds to a five-pointed star
peter, petro?????stone
petrography, petrology branch of geology that studies rocks, “stones”
petroleum"rock oil", petroleum; compare: English petrochemistry, fr. petrochimie, German Petrochemie (petrochemicals); English petrodollars, fr. petrodollars, German Petrodollars (petrodollars); English petropower (oil power)
Peter male name; Wed English, German Peter, French Pierre, it. Piero/Pietro, Spanish Pedro
under ????, ?????leg
gout disease affecting the legs (Greek???? – prey, victim)
pseudopodia pseudopods, temporary cytoplasmic projections in some unicellular organisms, as well as in freely moving multicellular cells (for example, leukocytes)
Wed: lat. Octopus (octopus), Decapoda (decapods, order of crustaceans).
poly 1????- a lot of indicates multiplicity; corresponds to lat. multi-(multi-).
polygamy polygamy (polygamy or polyandry); Wed English polygamy, fr. polygamie
polyandry polyandry
polygyny polygamy
polyglot multilingual person
polyneuritis multiple inflammation of peripheral nerves
polyarthritis multiple joint inflammation
polyphony polyphony
polychromy multicolor
polyhedron polyhedron
polymer a substance whose molecule consists of many identical components, monomers(for example, polyethylene consists of many ethylenes)
poly 2?????city
policy civil (“city dweller”) life, the art of city governance (there were city-states before)
police body of state security and public order (continuation of the policy of managing the city/state by force); Wed English, fr. police, German Polizei
metropolis the main city of the Orthodox ecclesiastical province (it has a metropolitan)
metropolis mother city (in relation to colonial cities)
metro urban (usually underground) railway (fr. metropolitain - related to the metropolis, metropolitan)
necropolis"city of the dead", cemetery
Paul
cm. poly 1 .
pragm?????? business, action; ????????? active
In some words it is not used pragm, A practical
practice activity
pragmatic action-oriented, result-oriented
workshop active learning sessions (as opposed to theoretical)
practical
cm. pragm.
pseudo?????? false
pseudonym a fictitious name that is used to replace the real one; Wed English pseudonym, fr. pseudonyme
pseudopodia pseudopods
pseudology"false speech", (morbid) tendency
to fiction, the art of lying; Wed English pseudology
pseudomnesia false memories
See also lat. quasi.
psycho, psycho????soul
psychiatry healing of the soul, treatment of mental illness; Wed English psychology, fr. psychochiatrie
psychology general science of the soul; Wed English psychology, fr. psychology
psychotherapy treatment with the soul (psychotherapist), i.e. through mental influence; Wed English psychotherapy, fr. psychotherapy
pter, ptero??????wing
pterodactyl"fingerwing", flying lizard
helicopter"rotating wing", helicopter; Wed English helicopter, fr. helicoptere
Wed. lat. Lepidoptera – Lepidoptera, butterflies (order of insects).
rin, rhino ???, ?????nose
rhinitis inflammation of the nasal mucosa (runny nose); Wed fr. rhinite, German Rhinitis, English rhinitis
rhinoplasty surgical restoration or correction of the shape of the nose
seps
cm. Sept.
sept????? rotting; ??????? putrefactive
It is necessary to distinguish between Greek. sept(rotting, putrid) from lat. sept(seven).
sepsis general “suppuration” in the body, blood poisoning
antiseptic“anti-rot”, fight against wound infection that has occurred
antiseptics drugs that cause the death of putrefactive microbes
asepsis“rotlessness”, prevention of infection of wounds (for example, by appropriate treatment of surgical instruments and premises)
osprey?????? look
telescope device for looking into the distance
microscope device for examining small objects
bishop the highest spiritual rank in the Christian church, head of a church district, diocese; Greek????????? -observer, overseer, overseer (over priests); see Greek epi prefix
soma???? body
somatic bodily
psychosomatics a direction in medicine that studies the connection between the psyche and physical diseases and tries to treat them using psychotherapy methods
Wed. names of many cellular organelles (analogs of organs of the whole organism): ribosome, lysosome, chromosome etc., i.e. various bodies.
sofa????? wisdom
philosophy"philosophy"; Wed English philosophy, fr. philosophy
historiosophy the theoretical, conceptual aspect of the science of history (as opposed to historiography, the descriptive aspect)
sophism“wise joke”, a falsely constructed conclusion that seems correct in form (based on a deliberate violation of logic)
stasis?????? standing, condition, position
In some words it is not used stasis, A Stas.
ecstasy“exit from the (ordinary) state”, unusual, sublime experiences
homeostasis constancy of the internal environment of the body
stasis stagnation, long-term slowdown (for example, the rate of evolutionary development)
stasis a sharp slowdown or cessation of movement (stagnation) of contents in tubular organs (blood vessels, intestines, etc.)
metastasis“transferred condition”, a secondary focus of the disease resulting from the transfer of microbes or cancer cells through the blood vessels
iconostasis place of “standing” of icons
hypostasis“standing under”, basis, essence (in particular, one of the three essences of the Holy Trinity); usually: in the guise of smb. – as/in the role of smb.
Stas
cm. stasis.
steno?????? narrow, cramped
angina pectoris tightness of the heart
shorthand the art of close writing; Wed Czech tesnopis (this word is tracing paper)
stenothermic: stenothermic organism - an organism that can exist only in a narrow temperature range (opposite. eurythermal)
spheres, sphere?????? ball
atmosphere air envelope of the Earth
hydrosphere water shell of the Earth
spherical spherical
schizo????? to split, split
In a number of words it is also used schizo(appeared when words were borrowed from the German language).
schism church schism; Wed English schism, fr. schisme, German Schisma schismatic dissenter
schizophrenia mental illness (German: Schizophrenie); Wed fr. schizophrenia English schizophrenia
thesis????? position
thesis statement, position
hypothesis“underthesis”, a statement whose truth still needs to be proven
synthesis connection, combination of parts into a single whole; Wed English synthesis, fr. synthese, German Synthesis
theca???? storage, collection
library book storage
card index collection of cards with smb. information
music library repository (collection) of sound recordings
disco collection of records with sound recordings, as well as a dance club, musical evening
body???? far away
telephone"range speaker"
telepathy"distant sense"
telescope device for viewing distant objects
Theo???? God
theology theology; Wed English theology, fr. theologie
enthusiasm elation, passion (lit. divine inspiration, “abiding in God”; ace-changed theos)
pantheon a set of gods of a polytheistic (many-god) cult
monotheism monotheism
theocracy a form of government in which political power is held by the clergy
Fedor male name (Greek ???? god + ????? gift, gift, i.e. gift of God); Wed English Theodore, German Theodor, it. Teodoro, Bulgarian Todor
term, thermo????? warm
thermometer heat meter, heat meter
thermal thermal
exothermic with the release of heat (for example, a chemical process) endothermic with heat absorption
baths ancient roman baths
tetra?????? four, four
notebook sewn quarter-sheet pieces of paper
tetrahedron tetrahedron
tetralogy a literary work of four relatively independent texts (that is, four works united by the continuity of the plot and the author’s intention); Wed duology, trilogy
tetrarch one of the four rulers implementing the tetrarchy (four powers)
tetrachloride chloride containing four chlorine atoms
type????? imprint, sample
type a sample on the basis of which a group of similar objects or phenomena is identified; Wed French, English type, German Type
typology classification (lat. classis – class, rank) based on common characteristics
stereotype"hard imprint" (Greek??????? – hard, strong; voluminous), a fixed sequence of actions or an inert, unchangeable view of something. things
printing house an enterprise where publications are printed, writing with imprints of letters
prototype real prototype(s) of a literary character
tom, tomo???? cutting, dividing, dissecting
anatomy structure of something (including organism, organ); Greek??????? – dissection
autotomy“self-mutilation”, a defensive reaction in some animals (throwing away the tail and limbs when grabbed by a predator)
entomology the science of insects (insected into animal segments)
atom indivisible
tomography X-ray research method with obtaining a shadow image of individual layers (“slices”) of an object
See also lat. sect.
tone????? stress, stress
hypertension“increased tension” (pressure) in the circulatory system
intonation rhythmic-melodic side of speech
top, topo????? place
toponymy a branch of onomastics that deals with the names of geographical objects, as well as a set of geographical names of some kind. terrain
topography local (small) geography
biotope“living place”, a section of the biosphere characterized by homogeneity of conditions, ecotype (for example, sedge bog, alpine pond, etc.)
See also lat. loc.
three???– three-; ???? three times
trigonometry branch of mathematics that studies angle functions (lit. measuring triangles) triathlon sport triathlon; Wed biathlon, pentathlon
Triassic first period of the Mesozoic era (Greek????? -Trinity)
trilogy a literary work of three relatively independent texts; Wed dilogy, tetralogy
trilobites"trilobed", Paleozoic marine arthropods
triptych a painting made up of three paintings united by one idea
triad trinity, something three-component or three-phase; Wed dyad
trope, tropo?????? turn, direction
phototropism turning the green parts of the plant towards the light
tropic line indicating a “turn” in the behavior of the sun in the sky
psychotropic: psychotropic medicine - “turned”, focused on changing a person’s mental state
entropy measure of chaos, disorder, uncertainty
cm. erg.
phage?????, ?????? devour, devour
anthropophage cannibal
phagocyte eater cell, killer cell
phyllophage animal that eats mainly leaves
physical????? nature
physics science of nature (about matter); Wed German Physik, fr. physique, English physics
physiology the science of nature, the work of a living body; Wed English physician - doctor
physiotherapy treatment with physical (natural) influences (heat, electric current, etc.)
fil, philo 1????? to love, to be disposed towards smth.
philosophy"philosophy"; Wed German Philosophie, fr. philosophy, English philosophy
philology"philosophy"
bibliophile book lover
Francophile loves everything French; Wed Francophobe
philanthropist lover of humanity, philanthropist; Wed misanthrope
philanthropy philanthropy, charity; Wed misanthropy
fil, philo 2???? tribe, clan, species
phylogenesisbiol. same as phylogeny, origin and history of development of species, genera, families, orders and other taxa; Wed Englishрhilogeny/рhylogenesis, fr. phylogenese, German Phylogenese
phylumbiol. type (German) Phylum)
fill?????? sheet
chlorophyll green pigment of photosynthetic plants, found mainly in leaves; Wed English chlorophyll, fr. chlorophylle, germ. Chlorophyll
epiphyll plant that grows on the leaves of other plants
phyllophage animal that eats plant leaves
fit, phyto????? plant
mesophyte stage of evolution of the Earth's vegetation cover
phytology same as botany (Greek)?????? - grass,
plant); Wed English phytology, fr. phytologie phytoncides volatile substances released by some plants to protect them from fungi and bacteria that are dangerous to them
neophyte“new sprout” – originally: a newly converted Christian, now: a newbie in smth. (religion, doctrine, social movement, etc.)
xerophyte a plant that prefers a low degree of moisture; Wed English xerophyte, fr. xerophyte
fob????? fear
forms words denoting fear of something. or hostility, hatred towards someone/something.
claustrophobia fear of confined spaces (lat. claustrum - constipation, lock, closed room)
Francophobe hater of everything French; Wed Francophile
gerontophobiapsychol. fear of aging, sociol. dislike of old people; Wed gerontocracy(see Greek root times)
Judeophobia hatred of everything Jewish
xenophobia hostility to everything alien, “foreign” (see Greek root xeno)
background???? sound
phonetics the science of speech sounds
telephone"range speaker"
symphony"consonance", form of musical work
megaphone device that increases speech volume, sound amplifier
odds????? wear
phosphorus“light bearer”, a substance that glows in the dark with previously “accumulated” light
euphoria(pathological) good mood, state of joy (see Greek root ev/hey)
metaphor“transfer” of meaning, figurative convergence of words
See also lat. fer.
phos???, ????? light
The element is widely used to form words photo)– from the form????? .
photon particle of light; Wed English, French photon
photo light painting; Wed English photography, fr. photographie, German Fotografie/Photographie
phosphorus“light bearer”, chemical element (white phosphorus glows in the dark)
phosphorescent luminous, luminous (behaving like phosphorus)
cm. Phos.
phrases?????? figure of speech
phrase a complete turn of speech, a structural part of a verbal or musical text (musical phrase); Wed English, French phrase
paraphrase, paraphrase“outside (true) speech”, retelling of something. text (literary or musical)
paraphrase, paraphrase replacing the direct name with a descriptive phrase (for example, not Confucius, but “the sage from Apricot Hill”)
phraseological unit a stable figure of speech, the meaning of which is not derived from the meanings of its constituent words
hir, hiro???? hand
surgeon doctor performing surgery (lit. work with hands) palmistry fortune telling
chiropractic mechanical impact with hands on the vertebrae for therapeutic purposes (the same as manual therapy)
Hecatonchiresmyth. creatures with a hundred hands
Wed. lat. Chiroptera – bats (order of mammals).
chlorine?????? green
chlorine greenish gas
chlorophyll green pigment of photosynthetic plants, found mainly in leaves (see Greek root fill)
Wed. lat. Chloris – greenfinches (genus of finches).
Holo, Holo
cm. goal/goal.
chromium????? color
monochrome plain
chromosomebiol.“colored body”, organelle of the cell nucleus (an example of a term whose meaning is not related to the essence of the designated object); Wed German Chromosom, French, English chromosome
polychrome multicolor
chrono?????? time
synchronous simultaneous; Wed fr. synchrone English synchronic
chronology binding events to a single time axis
anachronism discrepancy, discrepancy in time; relic
chronicle chronicle
cephalus
cm. mullet.
cycle?????? wheel, circle; cycle
cyclone atmospheric whirlwind (vortex); Wed fr., English
cyclone, German Zyklone
cyclical“circular” process described by a sinusoid
motorbike cart with a wheel driven by a motor
cm. kin.
cyto????? (living) cell
cytology cell science; Wed German Zytologie, fr. сytology, English cytology
erythrocyte red cell, functionally the main type of blood tissue cell
cytolysis destruction of cells by dissolution
schizo
cm. schizo.
ew, hey?? Fine
euphoria good, high spirits
euphemism soft (good) replacement for a rough expression
euthanasia“good death”, facilitating the death of an incurable patient at his request; Wed German Euthanasie, fr. euthanasie, English euthanasia
eustress, eustress good, “invigorating”, positive stress (as opposed to distress– bad, negative stress; English eustress, distress)
Eucharist sacrament of holy communion, communion (lit. thanksgiving); Wed English charity, fr. charite (charity); Wed Also Greek??????? (charisma) – grace, gift (of God)
eugenics the concept of improving the gene pool of humanity or individual races and peoples
Eugene male name (Greek ??????? - noble, good kind)
Gospel part of the Bible (Greek ?????????? - good / good news; cf.: ??????? - news, news, message; ??????? - messenger, messenger, angel)
aid????? look, appearance, image
Some words use eid.
eideticism a type of figurative memory
eideticsPhilosopher the doctrine of “ideal forms” of consciousness; same as eidology
kaleidoscope optical toy; rapid and disorderly change of smth. (lit. contemplation of beautiful images)
Wed. Greek ide/ideo.
see also oid.
cm. eco.
eco????? house, dwelling
In some words it is also used oik, eik.
economy laws of reasonable farming or farming itself
ecumene habitable part of the Earth
ecumenism movement for the unification of churches throughout the inhabited world
ecology the science of the “economy” of the biosphere, our common home
encephalus
cm. mullet.
erg, ergo
cm. erg.
est, esthesis??????? feeling, sensation
anesthesia lack of sensation, pain relief; Wed German Anasthesie, fr. anesthesie, English anesthsia
aesthetics part of philosophy dealing with the category of beauty, that is, with that which evokes (high) feelings; Wed German Asthetik, fr. esthetique English aesthetics
kinesthesia motor sense, a person’s perception of his own movements
synesthesiapsychol. co-sensation, double sensation, the ability for mixed perception of sensations (for example, to feel the “color” of a sound, the “taste” of a touch, etc.); Wed fr. synesthesia, English synaesthesia
this, this???? custom, character
ethics the doctrine of morality, as well as a system of norms of behavior, morality of some kind. public group (for example, medical ethics); Wed German Ethik, fr. ethics, English ethics
unethical does not comply with the rules of ethics, violates these rules
ethology the science of behavior, "mores" of animals
ethn, ethno????? tribe, people
ethnography“description of people”; Wed English ethnography, fr. ethnography
ethnobotany studying folk knowledge about plants (Greek ?????? – grass, plant)
ethnic related to smb. to the people
cm. eve/hey.
yatro
Husband. root, neck, root · detracts. contemptuous root, magnifying root, underground part of any plant. In trees, there are primary and lateral roots, and with them roots and small lobes. absorbing moisture. The root can be: bulbous, ... ... Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary
ROOT- ROOT, root, plural. roots, roots, m. 1. A part of a plant grown into the ground, through which it absorbs juices from the soil. The storm uprooted trees. The oak has taken deep roots into the ground. || The wood or substance of that part of a plant. Licorice root... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
ROOT- ROOT, rn, plural. rni, rni, husband. 1. The underground part of the plant, which serves to strengthen it in the soil and absorb water and nutrients from it. Main, lateral, accessory roots. Aerial roots (in lianas and some other plants high above the ground... Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary
ROOT- (radix), one of the main vegetative organs of leafy plants, serving for attachment to the substrate, absorption of water and nutrition from it. substances. Phylogenetically, K. arose later than the stem, and probably originated from root-like... ... Biological encyclopedic dictionary
root- See beginning, reason, origin, uproot, take root... Dictionary of Russian synonyms and similar expressions. under. ed. N. Abramova, M.: Russian Dictionaries, 1999. root, beginning, cause, origin; radical; spine, core, ... ... Synonym dictionary
root- ROOT, rnya, m. 1. Friend, buddy. 2. Male genital organ A small man grows into the root of the root. The strong root is an old, faithful friend. 1. possible contamination with sidekick... Dictionary of Russian argot
ROOT- in mathematics..1) a root of degree n from a number a is any number x (denoted by a is called a radical expression), the nth degree of which is equal to a (). The action of finding the root is called extracting the root2)] The root of the equation is the number that after... ...
Root- The primary root is retained in many conifers for life and develops in the form of a powerful tap root, from which lateral roots extend. Less commonly, as in some pines, the primary root is underdeveloped and is replaced by lateral ones. In addition to the long ones... ... Biological encyclopedia
ROOT- (mathematical), 1) Root of degree n of a number a A number whose nth degree is equal to a given number a (denoted; a is called a radical expression). The act of finding the root is called root extraction. 2) Solving the equation value... ... Modern encyclopedia
ROOT- in biology, one of the main organs of plants, serving for strengthening in the soil, absorption of water, minerals, synthesis of organic compounds, as well as for the release of certain metabolic products. The root can be a place to store spare... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
ROOT- in linguistics, a non-derivative (simple) stem of a word that does not include any affixes. The root is the lexical core of a word, i.e. carries its basic real meaning... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
Books
- The Root of All Evil, Williams R. Donald Bailey is not a difficult teenager, but simply an unhappy one. Having committed an irreparable act, he lost the trust of his friends, his mother’s love and his own peace. What's left for him? Run away from... Buy for 236 RUR
- The Root of the Problem, Henry R. Brandt. The author of this book offers a very simple Biblical truth for getting rid of all kinds of mental disorders: awareness of sin as the root cause of all problems and repentance for the sins committed. IN…
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