Water-based paint from a chemical point of view. What types of water-based paints are there? Among the Russian manufacturers we can highlight

Most types of “wet” facades require a finishing coat.

This takes into account both the need for protection from atmospheric moisture and the need for a decorative coating of an often nondescript finishing layer.

In addition, from time to time there is a need to refresh the external surface, update or change the color of the walls.

These issues can be resolved by applying a layer of façade paint.

The modern market offers many varieties of facade materials produced on different bases.

Main types:

All types of facade finishing coatings can be used on almost any substrate:

The versatility of facade coatings makes them in demand and popular among homeowners, but the available variety sometimes makes it difficult to choose. Let's consider one of the large groups - water-based facade paints.

Water-based facade paint is different from all others because ordinary water can be used as a diluent.

After drying, a regular film is formed, insoluble in water and fully meeting all the requirements for facade coatings:

• Moisture resistance.
• Vapor permeability.
• Elasticity.
• Resistance to sunlight, the ability to maintain its color throughout its entire service life.

After applying water-based facade compositions, a matte coating is obtained that has excellent aesthetic qualities - the surface does not reflect, existing irregularities(especially when using textured plaster) do not create a feeling of “ripples in the eyes.”

At the same time, the use of two or more colors to finish relief surfaces gives a lot of interesting effects that are only possible when using facade paint.

Elasticity and vapor permeability are important indicators. When shrinkage or seasonal movements of the soil occur, small cracks may appear; the quality of the paint film in this case helps reduce their number.

Vapor permeability helps remove water vapor from wall materials. The absence of this quality will “ban” the vapors inside the material and will cause peeling of the coating.

The sale of facade water-based coatings for exterior use is most often made in the form of a semi-finished product - a white base, in any desired shade.

This makes it possible to independently obtain the desired color and tone of the mixture, without wasting time on a long search for the desired option.

Water-based facade paints are produced on the same bases as any other types:

• Acrylic. The most common group of facade paints is made on the basis of acrylic resins with pigment additives. The most successful combination of price and quality of acrylic facade paints has brought them to the forefront of finishing materials.
• Silicate. The basis of such paints is pigmented potassium liquid glass, which increases the strength of the coating. It has excellent performance qualities and a long service life.
• Silicone. They have increased elasticity and have pronounced water-repellent properties. At the same time, silicone paints are the most expensive, so their use is not available to everyone. This circumstance reduces interest in the material, although in terms of durability and surface quality, such paints fully justify their price.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of water-based facade paint are:

• No pungent odors typical for paints during application.
• High vapor permeability of the coating.
• Simplicity and ease of application, the matte surface looks great even when applied by an untrained person.
• . Water-based compositions are several times more economical than other types.
• Long service life of the coating.

Disadvantages of water-based paints:

• Some color change after drying (often the white coating darkens a little).
• You cannot work in bad weather - the paint will wash off in the rain.

Specifications

Technical characteristics are a kind of passport of a given composition, demonstrating its qualities and operating parameters. All samples of water-based coatings offered on the market have quite different technical characteristics, which makes no sense to list.

Instead, let's look at the usual parameters, their meanings and what they mean:

• Binder. This is the basis of the material; it usually acts as a binder. acrylic, silicone or liquid glass. You should pay attention to the percentage composition; it is usually not indicated on the packaging of low-quality materials. The amount of film former for water-dispersed formulations should be 50-60%.
• Water permeability. An important parameter, usually on the label denoted by the letter W. The lower the W value, the less moisture the coating absorbs and the better it protects against water (for example, W = 0.05).
• Density. An indicator that gives an idea of ​​the hiding power of the material - ability to apply non-transparent coating in one go. High-quality paint has, on average, 1.5 kg/l.
• Area of ​​application, application conditions, etc.. All these parameters determine the most effective areas for using the material, the type of application and other technological aspects that ensure the most successful use.
• Price, manufacturer. This data helps you understand how well the paint corresponds to the declared qualities, since more reputable manufacturers sell the product more expensively, but fully guarantee the quality corresponds to the passport data. Certified products automatically have all the necessary parameters; it cannot be otherwise.

NOTE!

Compliance of the paint parameters with the declared values ​​cannot be verified in any way; you have to trust the data indicated on the label. By choosing certified products, we have the opportunity to significantly reduce the risk of purchasing low-quality material.

Main types and manufacturers

The production of facade water-based paints is widely developed both in our country and abroad.

Among the Russian manufacturers we can highlight:

• Admiral.
• Eurolux.
• Halo.
• Galamix.

From foreign companies:

• Dulux.
• Beckers and many others.

Simply listing the manufacturers of facade water-based coatings will not achieve any benefit, especially since the range is constantly updated on the market and new companies appear representing their products.

Therefore, the most correct approach is to decide on the most suitable type of paint for the base, based on your conditions (the material of the house, the climate of the region and other features of the site) and select the most suitable option.

Paint consumption per 1 m2

Water-based paint is an economical material. Application consumption is much lower than other types of coatings, which does not reduce quality indicators. Depending on the type of base and the initial density of the paint, the consumption is:

• The first layer is 0.25-0.60 kg/sq.m.
• Second layer - 0.15-0.40 kg/sq.m.

The data is taken on average, the exact consumption should be found individually for each type of material on the packaging. The consumption indicated by the manufacturer is in practice slightly higher, which is explained by the difference in conditions during testing in production and when working on site.

What surfaces is it suitable for?

Water-based paint Suitable for most surfaces except metal. The fact is that the presence of water causes corrosive processes, manifested by the appearance of red rusty spots on the coating, which can ruin the appearance of the wall. For metal parts, appropriate materials should be selected.

Another limitation for water-based paints is plaster. The final water-based coating can be applied no earlier than 2 weeks after applying the plaster.(some experts call the larger interval a month).

This is due to the need to complete the crystallization of the plaster; alkali-containing substances and carbon dioxide actively participate in the process, so you must wait until the reaction is completed.

In general, facade water-based paints are suitable for finishing:

• Concrete walls.
• All types of plaster.
• Stone, brick.
• Wooden walls and structures.
• Previously painted surfaces.

Such a variety of possibilities gives reason to consider water-based façade coatings as universal finishing materials.

Technology of painting facades with water-based compositions

Facade water-based compositions are allowed in dry weather, at air temperature from +5°. It is believed that the most productive and economical method of coating is to use a spray gun. This method is good, but not available to everyone due to the lack of equipment at hand.

• The best option for painting yourself is to use a paint roller with soft sandpaper, which gives a smooth surface and sufficient application density.
• The use of brushes is acceptable, but for large areas they are unproductive, so they are usually used to paint areas that are inaccessible to a roller or that require great precision in the stroke.
• The first layer is applied with a thicker composition, since it is required to cover the surface as much as possible, the second layer is more liquid, it is needed to level and fix the color.
• Allow at least 2 hours between coats, although experts recommend not to rush and apply the second layer every other day so as not to “undermine” the first layer.

NOTE!

Each type of coating has its own rules that must be studied before work to avoid mistakes.

Using water-based exterior paints is a convenient and effective way to decorate your home.

The absence of the smell characteristic of conventional painting work, a deep matte finish that gives the walls a pleasant “soft” appearance, ease of application, and the ability to perform all the necessary operations with your own hands are the reasons for the preferential attitude towards these materials.

Drops and drips of paint can be immediately washed off with plain water, which also increases the list of useful properties of façade water-based compositions.

In contact with

People have been using water-based paint for walls for a long time when decorating interiors and for exterior work. Water emulsion began to rapidly gain popularity. This paint consists of water, small polymer particles, fillers, additives and pigments.

Coating features

Water-based acrylic paint can be called universal: it can be used to decorate any surface. It is applied to the following materials:

• brick;
• tree;
• drywall;
• concrete;
• wallpaper for painting.

Each type of paint has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Types of material

Water-based solutions are divided into several categories.

Acrylic composition

The most popular type of coating, which is used very often. This water-based paint for walls and ceilings is resistant to various influences due to the presence of acrylic resins in the composition. When dirty, the surface is easy to clean, so this composition will be an ideal option for offices and residential premises.

Coverage features:

The material is based on silicone resins and is suitable for application to any mineral coating. TO

The main advantage is the elasticity of the composition. Cracks up to 2 mm are painted over. The silicone composition is distinguished by its vapor permeability.

Such paints can be used in rooms where there is high humidity: in the kitchen, bathroom, shower, basement. Due to the filling of unevenness and roughness, the material is resistant to mechanical and temperature influences, humidity. It can even be applied to plaster without first priming the walls.

Silicate type

This water-based interior paint consists of an aqueous solution, colored pigments and liquid glass. There is no film on the surface, instead there are strong chemical-physical bonds. They are resistant to atmospheric and mechanical influences.

Manufacturers guarantee a long service life - up to 20 years. Suitable for finishing open terraces.

Attractive price/quality ratio. It is made on the basis of PVA, it is chosen for interior decoration.

There are many advantages:

• fits well on plaster, cardboard, wood and other porous materials;
• can be used in a room that requires an increased level of fire safety;
• does not contain harmful components;
• drying speed.

It does not have a very rich color palette, but this can be easily compensated for with the help of special colors that will give the composition any shade. The use of additives will help obtain a glossy or matte surface..

Mineral and latex based

The mineral coloring composition contains slaked lime and cement, suitable for

painting brick and concrete surfaces. The service life is not very long, so it has not been in great demand recently.

If you need to create a surface that is not exposed to moisture, then you should choose cleaning options that contain latex. The coating will withstand a large number of wet cleanings and is suitable for painting walls and ceilings in the kitchen and bathroom. Prices are average.

Latex compounds repel moisture well and cover large cracks well; they do not require particularly thorough surface preparation before applying them.

Gloss level

Water-based paint is also divided according to another indicator - the degree of gloss. Manufacturers offer:

• glossy;
• matte;
• deeply matte;
• semi-matte (silky-matte);
• semi-gloss;
• high gloss.

Semi-gloss and glossy compositions are more resistant to abrasion when compared with matte options. They can be washed much more often, because the surface of such material is even and absolutely smooth. Cleaning with a damp cloth does not change the texture, but the matte surface can be rubbed, and because of this, shiny, unsightly spots will appear that need to be painted over.

Before purchasing a material, you need to study its main characteristics - consumption, composition, drying time, storage conditions, specific gravity, shelf life. Each point needs to be given special attention.

1. Viscosity. This figure should be quite high. It is this that determines the degree of dilution of the composition with water (when applied with a brush it ranges from +40...+45 °C, and when using a spray gun +20...+25 °C.
2. Consumption. Usually there are 150 g of product per 1 m², 250 g if the coating is two-layer. Manufacturers may unintentionally mislead buyers by indicating on their product that it has a consumption of 110-140 g. But these indicators usually correspond to ideal conditions: the walls must be plastered and completely smooth. But it directly depends on the surface roughness, material, painting method and absorbency. For example, applying with a roller is more economical than with a brush.
3. Shelf life - from the date of manufacture 2 years. It is necessary to observe storage conditions: the place should be cool and dark, the composition should not be exposed to freezing.
4. Drying. Depends on air temperature and humidity. The optimal temperature is +20°, air humidity - 65%. Drying time ranges from 2 to 24 hours.

Quality and manufacturers

A high price is a clear sign of the quality of a water-based composition. It is worth understanding that 90% of the materials and components for the material are imported from Europe, so the price for 1 liter cannot be lower than 70 rubles. A significant decrease in cost may indicate low quality products.

The weight of the paint is also an indicator of quality. Its average density ranges from 1.35-1.5 kg per 1 liter, therefore, a 10 liter bucket cannot weigh less than 15 kg. It is better not to buy the composition in winter on the open construction market: when it freezes, the paint loses its properties.

You need to choose a trusted manufacturer. Dulux can be called the leader, but Tikkurila also has good technical characteristics along with the highest quality. The compositions of the German Dufa have also proven themselves to be the best. And Johnstone’s from the UK has a high price due to its excellent quality. Among domestic products, Eurolux and Admiral are most often chosen. The price for such compositions is quite affordable, and the quality is at the proper level.

Surface painting technology

Usually, there are no significant problems with painting walls, but finishing the ceiling can be considered a more complex process in technical terms. Before work, you need to prepare the surface: remove all the old coating, sand, level. Then the consumption of the coloring composition will be significantly reduced..

The water-based composition itself is often used as a primer, which is diluted 40% with water, although experts advise using a primer for a specific type of surface.

Colored material must first be tested to determine what the color will actually be. To do this, just apply it in a thin layer on the wall and wait until it dries. Usually the color turns out 1-2 shades lighter than in the bucket. The difference is usually insignificant.

Painting of the ceiling and walls begins from the farthest corner of the room from the window, then the remaining corners and joints are painted. A strip 5 cm wide is applied along the perimeter of the ceiling, then you need to switch to a spray gun or roller. To get an even color, you need to apply 2-3 thin layers - this is better than applying 1 thick layer.

Layers of paint are applied perpendicular to each other. The next layer is applied after the previous one has completely dried. The last layer is applied parallel to the light rays: due to this trick, small irregularities and errors are almost invisible. You can use textured glass wallpaper to eliminate possible problems. The woven textured surface will mask errors during dyeing.

There is nothing difficult about painting walls and ceilings with water-based paint. The work does not take much time; even a novice master can handle it if he approaches the matter with all responsibility. Using a water-based coating, you can update your home interior in a short time.

Water-based paint is a water-based film-forming material with an emulsion of polymer components - polyvinyl acetate, styrene-butadiene, polyacrylate and others. It has excellent performance properties, environmental friendliness and fire safety.

Water-emulsion (water-dispersed) film formers

Emulsion is a two-phase system of immiscible liquids, one of which is continuous, and the second forms a dispersed phase in the form of small inclusions. It is a type of dispersion.

Polymer dispersions are divided into:

• primary or synthetic;
• secondary or artificial.

The former are obtained by polymerizing monomers directly in liquid. The second is by dispersing the finished polymer into the liquid phase. Depending on the state of aggregation of the finished polymer, synthetic dispersions are divided into:

• emulsions;
• suspensions.

Emulsions are formed when using a finished polymer in a liquid state or in the form of a solution of a film former in an organic solvent. Suspensions are formed when using solid oligomers, polymers or ready-made powder paints; have limited use.

Emulsion polymerization is used in the chemical industry, including the production of emulsion polymers such as synthetic rubbers and polyvinyl chloride. It can be either aqueous or non-aqueous. In turn, monomers can be either “hard” (vinyl acetate, methyl methacrylate) or “soft” (butyl acrylate), or gaseous (ethylene, vinylidene chloride). Conventionally, “hard” and “soft” polymers are divided based on the mechanical characteristics of the resulting film. Emulsion polymerization is widely used in paint and varnish production.

How coatings based on aqueous dispersions are formed

A film of aqueous emulsion is formed by its coagulation on the surface to be painted as a result of removing water from a fairly thin layer of emulsion. With an increase in the volumetric content of the dispersed phase during the disappearance of water, a gel-like structure is formed, while the globules “fit” into the most compact structures. Subsequently, the globules come closer together with corresponding deformation and an increase in interphase boundaries. Under a microscope, the resulting structure resembles a honeycomb.

Film formation ends with the disappearance of the physical boundaries between parts of the polymer components due to diffusion through the interglobular space of macromolecular segments, which occurs only with segmental mobility of molecules. Typically, this mobility is achieved at temperatures above the glass transition temperature of the polymer. If this condition is not met under standard conditions, the segmental mobility of the polymer particles is increased with the help of various additives of solvents (coalescents), plasticizers and softeners.

The ability of aqueous emulsions to form a film is characterized by a minimum film formation temperature (MFT), which for most water-dispersed materials is at least 5 °C.

Rheological properties

The viscosity of the dispersion medium is so low that the rheological properties of emulsion paints depend not so much on the type and properties of the polymer component, but on its concentration.

The rheological properties are largely influenced by the particle size of the polymer component. The gel-like structure with small particles has low shear viscosity and high thixotropy, respectively, the paint is easy to apply, but brush marks remain due to poor spreadability. Emulsions with large particles form paints that are too liquid and prone to smudges.

In general, the viscosity of paint depends on the aqueous medium and is easily adjusted with water-soluble thickeners. The size and shape of pigments and fillers affect fluidity to a lesser extent.

Water-based paint: composition, types of copolymers

The main components of water-dispersion paints and varnishes:

• film formers;
• pigments;
• fillers;
• functional additives:
  • wetting agents (surfactants);
  • pigment stabilizers;
  • plasticizers and coalescing solvents;
  • acidity regulators, buffer additives;
  • defoamers;
  • stabilizers during defrosting/freezing.

Surfactants provide:

• conditions for polymerization of monomers;
• stabilization of the resulting polymer particles.

Anionic and nonionic surfactants are commonly used in emulsion polymerization. During the coating formation process, it is possible for surfactants to interfere with the coalescence of polymer particles.

Coalescing additives and plasticizers ensure the mobility of molecules during film formation. Unlike plasticizers, coalescing additives evaporate from the film during its formation and initial period of operation, without affecting the physical and mechanical properties of the coating. In practice, plasticizers and coalescing additives are used together.

Despite the fact that dispersions can be obtained from almost any polymeric material, the following are mainly used in the paint and varnish industry:

• polyvinyl acetate and its copolymers;
• styrene-butadiene copolymers;
• acrylic copolymers.

Polyvinyl acetate emulsions

They were first used in the paint and varnish industry. At room temperature, polyvinyl acetate is a fairly “hard” polymer. The necessary flexibility of the film is ensured by plasticization:

• external - solvent plasticizers.
• internal - copolymerization.

The use of solvent plasticizers is not economically profitable, the resulting films are not stable enough, and most of the solvents are lost during film operation. Increasing the performance properties of the resulting film through the use of complex mixtures of several plasticizers is ineffective.

To obtain copolymers, esters of acrylic, fumaric and maleic acids, as well as higher vinyl esters, are mainly used. Copolymerization increases the degree of dispersion of polymers, which reduces the water absorption of the film, reduces the tendency to migrate organic pigments, and increases the possibility of increasing the content of these pigments in the paint.

Styrene-butadiene copolymers

They became famous during the Second World War as a synthetic rubber and have the elasticity and stickiness characteristic of elastomers. To increase the hardness and durability of the film, the styrene content in the copolymer is increased to 50...60%.

Styrene-butadiene copolymers are less susceptible to emulsification, are inferior in durability and weather resistance to polyvinyl acetate and polyacrylates, and are used exclusively indoors.

Acrylic water-based paint

The high price of acrylic monomers is due to significant production costs and limits the mass use of acrylic paints and varnishes. Where possible, high-quality coatings can be obtained using acrylic copolymers

superior to polyvinyl acetate and styrene-butadione. Films based on polyacrylates have high weather resistance, good water resistance, and are resistant to ultraviolet radiation. The ease of copolymerization of acrylic monomers with various types of monomers and polymers provides wide possibilities for regulating the technological, operational and special properties of the resulting film. The most commonly used is copolymerization with styrene.

A typical representative of high-quality acrylic water-based paint is “VEAK 1180”. It is distinguished by high technological and operational properties. Can be used for both external and internal work. Easily tinted. Apply by brush, roller or spray gun.

Water-based paint: application, technical characteristics

By area of ​​application they are divided into:

1. Soils.
2. Facade.
3. For interior work.
4. Special.

Soils are used to strengthen the substrate, level out its defects and increase the adhesion of the painted surface. Protect coatings from the effects of aggressive components of the cement substrate, especially recently manufactured ones. They can be either pigmented or non-pigmented. Soils must have the following technical characteristics:

• good penetrating ability;
• formation of a film with acceptable strength properties;
• ability to provide excellent adhesion;
• resistance to hydrolysis and electrolytic processes;
• resistance to water.

Facade water-based paints and varnishes must be resistant to:

• temperature changes;
• ultraviolet radiation;
• the influence of water and chemicals contained in the atmosphere;
• abrasion;
• exposure to microorganisms (mold, lichens and algae).

Facade coatings must be stable during operation, low water absorption with good vapor permeability. Exterior paints use sun-resistant pigments and fillers. In this case, the weather resistance of the coating may depend more on the quality of the pigment than on the type of dispersion.

The milder operating conditions of paints and varnishes for interior work make it possible to use copolymers of various types as film formers, including styrene acrylic, vinyl acetate, polyvinyl acetate and high-density polyethylene. There are no serious water resistance requirements for coatings. The use of paints with a low copolymer content and a high filler content allows optimizing the price-quality ratio.

Coatings for interior work are characterized by the following properties:

• good hiding power;
• ease of painting, absence of defects;
• use for both walls and ceilings;
• plasticity, resistance to cracking;
• good compatibility with tinting pastes;
• Resistant to brushing and rinsing.

Special water-based paints and varnishes are used to produce fire-resistant coatings, for bathrooms or floors, for painting metal, wallpaper and other materials.

Advantages and disadvantages

Advantages of water-based paints and varnishes:

• high performance properties of the coating;
• good adhesion to the painted surface;
• economical consumption;
• possibility of painting wet surfaces or at high air humidity;
• savings on irretrievably lost organic solvents;
• harmlessness of use;
• fire safety;
• manufacturability of coating;
• short drying time;
• obtaining different colors with your own hands using coloring;
• ease of maintenance of the working tool.

Characteristics of high pressure paint.

Before purchasing such paint, you should pay attention to its characteristics: specific gravity, viscosity, composition, shelf life, storage conditions and drying time. Water-based paint contains latex, filler, antiseptic and thickener.

Viscosity is an indicator that indicates the degree of dilution of the dye with water. The viscosity of such paint is from 40 to 45 s, if used with a brush, and from 20 to 25 s. When using a spray gun.

Depending on the manufacturer, the composition of water-based paint may differ. The smallest particles of polymers that are present in this substance are suspended in an aqueous environment. Manufacturers add various substances to these particles, which determine the brand of the coloring composition.

Depending on the state of the components added to the paint, its purpose may vary. To obtain a rich white color, white pigment is added to the dye. In the case of inexpensive compositions, chalk is used to obtain this color. For these purposes, different manufacturers can also use other fillers: mica, calcite, talc, and so on.

Composition of VD paint.

Water-based paint, like paint, contains a thickener, which is necessary to create the desired consistency. Depending on the brand of the dye, the proportions of some of the components that make up it change.

But ideally the overall picture would look like this:

• Plasticizers - from 5 to 10 percent;
• Film former – from 40 to 60 percent;
• Fillers and pigments – from 30 to 40 percent;
• Other additives – from 5 to 10 percent.

• This coloring substance is characterized by good permeability to moisture and steam, therefore it can be used for both external and internal work, for application to plastered and unplastered surfaces;
• The composition of water-based paint does not allow it to peel off. This is an environmentally friendly and non-hazardous type of paint;
• Very often, this type of substance contains latex, which gives the painted surface a strong water-repellent effect. And at the same time, the fact that this effect does not interfere with vapor permeability is important;
• Water-based compositions have a rich range of colors. To obtain the required color, you can easily use a special one.

Now water-based paints are gaining popularity. This is due to their practicality and low cost. In addition, it is easily applied to a cleaned surface, so even a beginner can use it. The material does not have such an unpleasant odor as others, so it can be used for interior work quite safely. Its use will not cause any discomfort. From this article you can find out what types of water-based paint there are, and what are the characteristics of each.

Advantages and technical characteristics of water-based paints

The water emulsion contains components such as latex, antiseptic, fillers and thickeners. The material consumption is not too large and amounts to 250 grams per 1 square meter. Sometimes it may be necessary to apply several layers. Their quantity depends on how susceptible the surface is to absorption.

Viscosity varies depending on the method in which the product is applied to the surface. If water-based paint is applied to the surface with a brush, then its viscosity is 40-45, but if a spray gun is used for work, then this indicator varies between 20 and 25.

The coating dries within 20 hours, but sometimes this figure may be less. The jar of water-based emulsion should be stored away from sunlight in a cool place.

Water-based paint has become highly in demand due to the following qualities:

• No unpleasant chemical smell when painting;
• Quick and easy application;
• Low price;
• Long period of operation without cracking or peeling;
• The ability to create any color using tint.

But all these qualities are available only in the material that meets the requirements of GOST.

Main types of water-based paints

Since they contain a variety of polymers, all water-based paints can be divided into several types:

• Polyvinyl acetate;
• Silicate;
• Acrylic;
• Silicone.

Consumers, in view of such a huge variety, have a fair question about choice. Next, all these types will be considered from the point of view of application and the presence of disadvantages.

Polyvinyl acetate water-based paint

Water-based polyvinyl acetate paint is perfect for all interior work, be it painting walls or ceilings. The basis for it is PVA.

The main advantages of this type are:

1. Absence of components harmful to human health, complete explosion and fire safety.
2. Used for painting porous surfaces.
3. Relatively low cost.
4. Fast drying.
5. When adding special substances it gives a glossy or matte effect.
6. This type is the best water-based paint for wood.

Along with a lot of advantages, there are disadvantages that can be identified if used incorrectly:

• Weak resistance, so the possibility of painting it is considered only in dry rooms.
• Susceptibility to moisture, as a result, finishing with such paint is only possible inside the house.

Important! You cannot use PVA paint on metal surfaces.

Its consumption depends on the shade: light color will need 250 grams per 1 square meter. m, and dark 150 grams for the same area.

This type of finishing material is produced in accordance with GOST, but it is also possible to voluntarily certify the material, but only in accordance with the existing GOST. In any case, the manufacturer must have a certificate for water-based paint of this type.

Silicate water-based paint

This type is a solution of liquid glass with various additives. It is suitable for both indoor and outdoor use. Silicate water emulsion is resistant to changes in temperature and humidity, and has a long service life without constant updating.

This type is mainly used for painting wet rooms inside the house, as well as the facades of buildings that are exposed to groundwater. The coating is breathable with high vapor and air permeability.

Acrylic water-based paint

This type of water-based emulsion occupies a leading position in the construction market, since the acrylic resins included in its composition have a number of advantages. But acrylic paint is noticeably more expensive than all other types.

Features of water-based acrylic paint:

1. Used for painting walls and ceilings and all related interior work.
2. Indispensable for painting facades of concrete and brick buildings.
3. Suitable for decorating plastered walls. But such work must be carried out a month after finishing the plaster work, so that the surface has time to harden.
4. Protects reinforced concrete from corrosion due to low gas permeability.
5. Not suitable for painting damp surfaces.

Now they also produce analogues of similar quality, but noticeably cheaper: styrene acrylic, vinyl acrylic and acrylic silicone solutions. A small visual announcement of the material can be viewed at the link:

Washable paint based on latex or silicone

This type is perfect for any damp room or where constant wet cleaning using sponges and brushes is necessary. This coating is resistant to regular brushing, which is possible thanks to the use of latex in the production.

Latex water-based paint is the most expensive among water-based paints due to its water-repellent properties, but at the same time good vapor permeability. In addition, such compositions are capable of bridging small cracks on the surface, which can eliminate preliminary leveling.

Silicone also has similar properties to latex, due to the presence of silicone in the composition. Such paints actively fight against fungus, which often appears in damp rooms, and prevent its reappearance.

Separately, we can highlight another type of water-based paints, which is gradually becoming less and less popular - these are mineral ones. They include cement or slaked lime. The main purpose of such compositions is painting concrete and brick surfaces. The main disadvantage of this type of water-based paint is its relatively short service life.

Criteria for choosing water-based paints

Since the production of water-based paints does not require the use of complex mechanisms and rare substances, many manufacturers appear who, taking advantage of the ease of production, produce low-quality products. The main rule when choosing this product is a manufacturer who has been producing for a long time. Tex water-based paint is very popular; it has received a lot of positive feedback from repairmen and simply those who carry out finishing repairs on their own. Such products have a GOST certificate of conformity.

The jar must have a mark indicating that the material complies with GOST. This is an indicator that this finishing material is not a fake and its production was carried out under strict control.

The choice of material for a certain type of work is carried out according to the markings on the container. First, the can is abbreviated as water-dispersed (WD), after these letters there is a designation of the polymer that is in the composition, and the number after it just indicates the purpose of the product:

1. External works;
2. Interior work.

Among the variety of finishing materials on the construction market, you can get confused. But, if you have chosen water-based paint, then after reading this article, you can learn about its types and the scope of work for which this or that type is intended. Water-based paint is an excellent solution for both exterior and interior work. You just need to choose the right type, carefully studying the composition and the information indicated on the packaging.