home · measurements · Elegant flowers - marigolds. Medium-sized marigolds, varieties, photos and names Marigolds rejected terry

Elegant flowers - marigolds. Medium-sized marigolds, varieties, photos and names Marigolds rejected terry

Marigolds (lat. Tagetes) are flowers that differ in many types and varieties, among them there are both annual and perennial varieties. Marigolds, or marigolds, belong to the dicotyledonous class, the Asteranae superorder, the astrocolor order, the Aster family, the Aster subfamily, the marigold tribe, the marigold genus.

International scientific name: Tagetes ( Linnaeus).

Although this amazing flower was brought to Europe in the 16th century, it received its scientific name only in the middle of the 17th century, when the naturalist Carl Linnaeus created a classification of species. The scientist, amazed by the beauty of the plant, named it in honor of the beautiful Etruscan demigod Tages, who is the grandson of the supreme god Jupiter.

The Russian name “marigolds” was given to the flowers because of their petals, the surface of which resembles velvet. This feature is most pronounced in varieties with a dark color.

The British call this plant "marigold", which means "Mary's gold", the inhabitants of Germany know it as "Studentenblume" - a student's flower, and in Ukraine these beautiful flowers are called "chornobrivtsі", or Chernobrivtsy. For the people of China, these flowers are a symbol of health and longevity, not without reason they are called "flowers of a thousand years."

Barkharians - description, structure, characteristics. What do marigolds look like?

Marigolds have a developed fibrous root system and strong strong erect stems. Depending on the species or cultivar, bushes can be either compact or sprawling, from 20 cm to 2 meters high.

Marigold leaves, painted in all shades of green, are pinnately dissected, pinnately divided, or even whole with jagged edges. On the stem, the leaves can be arranged in the next order or opposite each other (opposite).

Marigold inflorescences are formed from tubular and reed flowers, in which wide corollas are located horizontally. Depending on the shape and number of petals, marigolds are:

  1. Simple (non-double) - inflorescences that have from 1 to 3 rows of reed petals;
  2. Semi-double - inflorescences with no more than 50% of reed petals;
  3. Terry - flowers that have more than 50% reed or tubular petals. Terry marigolds, in turn, are subdivided according to the shape of inflorescences into:
    • Anemone-shaped (reed petals are located along the edges of the inflorescence, and tubular in the center);
    • Carnations, or clove-shaped (only reed petals are present in the inflorescence);
    • Chrysanthemum(only tubular petals are present in the inflorescence).

The color of marigold petals can be:

  • yellow,
  • reddish brown,
  • orange,
  • white,
  • citric,
  • motley.

The inflorescences themselves have a rather sharp and specific aroma, which vaguely resembles the smell of asters. The flowering period of marigolds begins in June and lasts until frost. After its completion, a strongly flattened fruit of black-brown or black color is formed and ripens. Each such seed box contains many seeds that retain their germination capacity for 3-4 years. In 1 gram, there are usually from 270 to 700 seeds.

Types and varieties of marigolds, photos and names.

According to the database www.theplantlist.org, there are currently 53 species of annual or perennial marigolds, of which only 3 species are the best known (upright, deviated and thin-leaved). On their basis, breeders have bred a huge number of series and varieties. Below is a description of several varieties of marigolds.

Marigolds are erect (African) (lat. Tagetes erecta).

This species includes annual plants with a fibrous root system. The compact or sprawling bushes formed by these marigolds are 0.4 to 1.2 meters high and have a reverse pyramidal shape. The main shoot is pronounced, the side shoots look up. The color of unpaired pinnately dissected leaves with teeth along the edges varies from light green to dark green, and they are arranged on the stem in the next order. Large monochromatic, less often two-color inflorescences in marigolds of this species can be simple, semi-double or terry. The diameter of the inflorescences varies from 5 to 13 centimeters. The flowering period begins in late June or early July and ends with the first frost. Upright marigolds are suitable for flower beds, flower beds, vases, balconies, cutting. Homeland erect marigolds - Southern Mexico.

Series and varieties of erect marigolds: Albatross, Alaska, Antigua, Velvet Season, White Moon, Snow White, Glitter, Vanilla, Hawaii, Gelber Stein, Glitters, Golden Fluffy, Hussars, Discovery, Dune, Uncle Styopa, Yellow stone, Golden dollar, Golden light, Golden prince, Golden age, Golden domes, Inca, Kilimanjaro, Astronaut, Crash, Crackerjack, Cupid, Lady, Lemon Queen, Lemon pie, Lemon prize, Lemon miracle, Maximiks, Marvel, Mary Helen, Beach season, Prima gold, Spoon, Solar giants, Taishan, Titan, Trulli, Smile, Fiction, Flapper, Popsicle, Amber lace.

Marigolds rejected (lat. Tagetes patula).

Synonyms - French marigolds or small-flowered marigolds. This species is formed by perennial plants with numerous erect and highly branched stems, the height of which ranges from 15 to 60 centimeters. Lateral shoots rejected. Pinnately dissected dark green leaves of small size with serrate edges are formed from several lobes of a linear-lanceolate shape. On the stems, the leaves are arranged both in the next and in the opposite order. Single, as well as collected in corymbose inflorescences, the baskets of these marigolds grow up to 4-6 centimeters in diameter. The shape of the inflorescences can be simple, semi-double or terry. In addition to marigolds with a single color, many bicolor varieties have been bred. The most intensive flowering is observed during July and August. They begin to bloom in early June. The homeland of the rejected marigolds is the mountains of Mexico.

Series and varieties of rejected marigolds: Alumia, Bonanza, Brocade Yellow, Gabi, Harmony, Hero, Gullebrand, Jolly jester, Disco, Durango, Carmen, Red cherry, Cross, Fight, Bolero, Capricious (Playful) Marietta, Little hero, Mandarin, Mercedes, Monetta, Orange Flame, Guy, Pascal, Petit Harmony, Petit Gold, Prosperity, Grow Red, Safari, Striptease, Tiger Eyes, Fireball, Chica, Naughty Marietta.

Variety Capricious Marietta.

Marigolds are narrow-leaved (thin-leaved, Mexican) (lat. Tagetes tenuifolia).

From these annual plants, low, densely branched, compact marigold bushes are formed, the height of which can be from 20 to 50 cm. Straight, bare shoots are light green in color. Light green small leaves of a pinnately dissected form, which are arranged on the shoots in the next order, are formed by narrow lobes with sparse teeth. Abundantly flowering corymbose inflorescences are collected from simple five-petalled baskets, the diameter of which ranges from 15 to 30 mm. Coloring of inflorescences is monophonic or two-color. Thanks to the strongly branched stems, the whole plant looks like an almost perfect ball. This type of marigold begins to bloom in early June and finishes flowering with the first frost when the temperature drops to 1-2°C. Narrow-leaved marigolds are used for flower beds, borders, borders, vases and arrays. The homeland of narrow-leaved marigolds is the mountains of Mexico.

Series and varieties of fine-leaved marigolds: Gnome, Golden Jam, Golden Ring, Golden Gem, Starlight, Starlight, Karina, Red Gem, Lulu, Mimimix, Fire Stars, Ornament, Paprika, Starshine, Starfire, Ursula.

Sort Ornament.

Variety Tangerine Jam.

Variety Lemon Jewel


Other names for this species: Mexican tarragon, Spanish tarragon, sweet marigold. This is a perennial erect plant with bushes from 40 to 80 centimeters high. Narrow green leaves about 7.5 centimeters long resemble natural tarragon leaves in shape. Solid golden flowers of marigolds of a simple form in diameter do not exceed 1.5 centimeters. Radiant marigolds bloom from early June to late September. The leaves of this plant are harvested and used fresh and dried as a substitute for tarragon, and the dried flowers make an excellent food coloring.

An ornamental, rather powerful plant, 90-120 cm high, with reddish shoots and dark green leaves. The species grows in Texas, is found in Mexico. Marigolds have a very pleasant aroma of citrus fruits with a light fruity-musky note. The flowers of this type of marigold are often used as a savory addition to fish and meat delicacies or as a fragrant accent in pastries.

The second name is lemon marigolds. In the wild, these perennial marigolds, discovered in the late 19th century, grow in the highlands of the United States (in the canyons of Southern Arizona) and in northern Mexico. Marigold bushes reach a height of 120 cm, the leaves of the plant have a length of 5 to 15 cm, the diameter of numerous yellow flowers is approximately 5 cm. The plant exudes an aroma reminiscent of citrus and mint amber with a barely noticeable hint of camphor. Sometimes the smell of this plant is compared with the smell of tangerines. Marigolds attract many butterflies that constantly circle over the flowers.


A plant with a bush height of 8 to 50 cm. In the wild, this species grows in the steppes, on the slopes of rocks, in pine and oak forests, feels at ease in corn fields, growing there like a weed. It is found throughout a vast area from Mexico to Costa Rica. The bush has a pronounced anise aroma, the plant is quite unpretentious to the quality of the soil and easily tolerates drought.


A type of marigold, with a bush height of 50 to 180-200 cm. The length of very fragrant dark green leaves varies from 5 to 20 cm, the diameter of rather small flowers does not exceed 15-25 mm. The leaves have deeply dissected edges and are arranged oppositely on the stem. Small marigolds grow in the USA and Mexico, Brazil, in the countries of southern Europe (France, Spain, Italy, Romania), in southern Africa, in China and Japan, in India and Libya, in Thailand and Turkey, in Australia and New Zealand.

Classification of marigolds according to the height of the bush.

In floriculture, a classification is used in which the division is carried out according to the height of the plant, the shape of the inflorescences and their color.

According to the height of the bush, they distinguish:

  • Giant marigolds (90-120 cm);
  • Tall (high) marigolds (60-90 cm);
  • Medium-sized marigolds (45-60 cm);
  • Undersized (low) marigolds (25-45 cm);
  • Dwarf marigolds (up to 20 cm).

Giant marigolds, varieties, photos and names.

These include plants that reach a height of 90 cm to 120 cm. Most often, giant marigolds are found among upright plants. The most famous varieties of giant marigolds:

  • "Gold Dollar" (Gold Dollar)- an early one-year hybrid variety without the aroma characteristic of marigolds. The variety belongs to upright marigolds. The bushes are dense, the shoots are strong and thick, 0.9-1.2 m high, with rather large light green leaves. From the first decade of June until frost, they are decorated with terry baskets of medium-sized inflorescences, with a diameter of 7 to 8 cm. The inflorescences, resembling a carnation in their shape, consist of red and orange-red petals.

  • "Lemon Queen" (Lemon queen) - beautiful lemon marigolds with fairly high (up to 120 cm) bushes. Inflorescences are light yellow or golden in color, up to 9-10 cm in diameter. Blooms profusely in July-August.

  • "Orange" - marigold bushes of this variety reach 1 meter in height. Large (up to 15-17 cm in diameter) orange terry-type inflorescences delight the eye from June until the first frost, ideal for cutting - they stand in the water for 2 weeks.


Tall (tall) marigolds, varieties, photos and names.

The height of the bushes ranges from 60 cm to 90 cm.

  • "Yellow Stone" (Gelber Stein)- a one-year-old variety, forms bushes about 70-80 cm high. The plant has beautiful densely double inflorescences of a rich yellow color. The diameter of marigolds is up to 15 cm. The plant begins to bloom in early June.

  • "Frills" (Frills) - bushes of this late variety of marigolds grow up to 80 cm in height and up to 8 cm in diameter. In the last decade of July or at the very beginning of August, large, terry, carnation-shaped inflorescences-baskets appear on them, which consist of reed petals of saturated shades of orange and golden. Flowering from late July until the first frost.
  • "Lemon Prince" (Zitronen prinz)- an erect plant forms high (65-80 cm), stem-shaped and rather dense bushes. On the dark green shoots of this variety, a pinkish coating is visible. Terry clove-shaped inflorescences of marigolds are quite large - 8-10 cm in diameter. When they are fully opened, they become like lemon-yellow balls. Marigolds of this variety bloom from June-July to September.

  • "Hawaii" (Hawaii) - upright annual plants are compact bushes that grow up to 90 cm in height. From mid-summer (from July) to mid-autumn, large terry clove-shaped inflorescences in the form of orange hemispheres with a diameter of 10 to 12 cm open on strong light green peduncles.

Medium-sized marigolds, varieties, photos and names.

The height of the plants included in this group ranges from 45 to 60 cm.

  • Among the white erect marigolds of medium height, perhaps one of the most beautiful is the variety "Kilimanjaro" (Kilimanjaro). This annual hybrid plant forms weakly branched bushes from 40 to 50-60 cm high, with a pronounced main shoot. The attractiveness of the variety is explained by large densely double inflorescences 7-10 cm in diameter, resembling balls in shape with an unusual vanilla-white color. Abundant flowering begins in June and lasts until frost.

  • Thin-leaved marigolds of this group are represented by numerous varieties, among which the Golden Ring stands out, or "Golden Ring" (Golden Ring). Despite the thin densely branched shoots with narrowly dissected leaves, the spherical bushes of these marigolds are quite compact and reach a height of 40-50 cm. Small simple inflorescences do not exceed 25-30 mm in diameter. They are composed of orange small tubular petals in the center of the inflorescence and bright yellow, bent down, reed petals. Flowering lasts from the first days of June and ends with the onset of the first frost.

Marigolds are undersized, varieties, photos and names.

Represented by varieties, the height of which ranges from 0.25 to 0.45 m.

  • This large group includes the Bonanza series, obtained as a result of selection from rejected marigolds. Annual miniature bushes of this series have a height of no more than 30 cm. Terry inflorescences up to 6 cm in diameter can be painted in any color, ranging from rich yellow to red-orange. Variety "Bonanza Deep Orange" ( Bonanza Deep Orange) is one of the most beloved among flower growers. This is a beautiful variety of early flowering, with compact bushes, the height of which ranges from 0.25 to 0.3 m, and the width does not exceed 20 cm. Terry inflorescences with a diameter of 5 to 6 cm are painted in deep orange.

  • A series of varieties "Discovery" is bred from upright marigolds. Although small bushes do not exceed a height of 20-25 cm. The inflorescences, abundantly covering them, are quite large in size and have a bright saturated color. Many gardeners and flower growers grow marigolds on their plots. Discovery Yellow or "Discovery Orange" ( Discovery Orange). These are annual plants with compact bushes. Shoots with numerous pinnately dissected, bluish-green leaves are dotted with large and dense densely double inflorescences of bright yellow or orange color. The diameter of the inflorescences is 8 cm. The flowering of marigolds begins from the first days of June and lasts until the onset of frost.


Dwarf marigolds, varieties, photos and names.

This group consists of plants whose height does not exceed 20 cm. It includes a variety of varieties from rejected, thin-leaved and upright marigolds.

  • Among the representatives of the rejected marigolds, the most interesting is the Boy series, which consists of annual varieties with compact branched bushes from 15 to 20 cm high and about 20 cm wide. -green color. The diameter of yellow, orange or two-color terry inflorescences, which abundantly cover the bushes, ranges from 4 to 6 cm. The most interesting of this series is the marigold variety "Harmony" (Harmony). It is distinguished by its magnificent inflorescences, consisting of middle flowers of golden yellow, which are surrounded by brownish-brown reed flowers with a thin golden border.

  • Among the thin-leaved marigolds of the dwarf group, the annual Mimimix series is most widely used. The varieties of this series form dense compact spherical bushes only about 20-25 cm high. The leaves are narrow, pinnately dissected, dark green in color. The inflorescences are simple, about 20 mm in diameter, painted in various shades and tones of yellow, red or orange. Marigolds begin to bloom in July and finish blooming in the last decade of September.

  • Among dwarf erect marigolds, the variety is very popular. "Lunacy Orange" (Lunacy orange). Its compact bushes reach a height of 15-20 cm. The diameter of the bush reaches 20-25 cm. A distinctive feature of these marigolds are dense chrysanthemum-shaped inflorescences of bright orange color.


Types of marigolds in the form of inflorescences, photos and names.

According to the shape of the inflorescences and the number of reed flowers, marigolds are:

  • simple,
  • Semi-double,
  • Terry,
    • anemones,
    • Carnations,
    • Chrysanthemum.

Below is a more detailed description of them.

Simple marigolds, varieties, photos and names.

Simple inflorescences consist of a small number of central tubular flowers and a single row of reed flowers.

  • "Lemon Jam", or "Lemon Jam" ( Lemon Jam), - an annual undersized variety, bred as a result of selection of thin-leaved marigolds and reaching a height of 0.25 m. Small simple inflorescences 3-4 centimeters in size are colored gold or yellow, and their middle consists of small bright orange tubular flowers .

  • A representative of a simple group of thin-leaved marigolds is the Paprika variety (Paprika). It is distinguished by dwarf (no more than 20-25 cm) strongly branched spherical bushes. Pinnately dissected leaves growing on thin shoots are painted light green. These are very beautiful marigolds, the period of abundant flowering of which begins in June and ends at the end of September. Simple flat baskets with a bright yellow center are painted fiery red, and their diameter does not exceed 20-30 mm.


Semi-double marigolds, varieties, photos and names.

For the formation of semi-double marigolds, at least 2-3 rows of reed flowers are needed. This group includes:

  • A full representative of the rejected marigolds of the semi-double group is the Gold Bol variety, or "Gold Ball" (Gold Ball). Its sprawling bushes with strong strongly branched shoots and small green leaves can reach a height of 50-60 cm. The inflorescences are simple and semi-double, their diameter is 4-5 cm. The tubular petals of marigolds, which are located in one or two rows in the center of the inflorescence, are painted bright yellow with a golden hue. Reed petals located at the edges are reddish-brown. This is an early variety of marigolds: the beginning of their flowering falls on the first decade of June.

  • "Red Brocade" ( Red Brokad e) - an annual undersized variety from the Brokade series, bred from rejected marigolds. Strongly branched, but compact bush grows only up to 25 cm in height. Semi-double inflorescence of medium size (about 4-5 cm in diameter) consists of slightly corrugated reed flowers, which are painted in yellowish and red-brown.


Terry marigolds, varieties, photos and names.

Terry marigolds are formed by a large number of flowers, both reed and tubular.

  • An example of such an inflorescence structure is grade "Eskimo" (Рopsicle), which is a hybrid. This is a low-growing plant with a bush height of up to 40 cm. Its inflorescences, resembling balls in shape, and vanilla-white ice cream in color, reach a diameter of 6-10 cm and delight with their beauty, from the first decade of July to the very frosts.

  • "Aztec Lime Green"- very unusual marigolds of light green (light green) color. Gustomahrovye inflorescences have a diameter of 10-12 cm. The height of the plant is 45 cm. The variety is resistant to heat.

  • "Fantastic" (Fantastic) - tall marigold varieties that grow up to 0.7 m and delight gardeners with their flowering from early summer to the first frost. Large inflorescences with a diameter of 8 to 11 cm are composed of narrow tubular flowers. The color of densely doubled baskets can be golden (Fantastic Gold), yellow (Fantastic Yellow) or orange (Fantastic Orange).

  • "Strawberry Blonde" (Strawberry Blonde)- an annual variety. A low-growing plant with bushes up to 25 cm high, 15-20 cm wide and medium-sized inflorescences resembling a carnation in shape. Throughout the flowering period, baskets can change their color, ranging from bright yellow to terracotta tones. In addition, the intensity of color change is affected by air temperature. At lower temperatures, variations occur slowly, but with high contrast between colors. An increase in temperature accelerates the process, but the color contrast is significantly reduced.


Anemone marigolds, varieties, photos and names.

Anemone marigolds consist of large tubular flowers located in the center, and reed flowers framing them, arranged in 1, 2 or even 3 rows.

  • Varieties of marigolds belong to this type of structure of inflorescences. series "Durango" ("Durango") (D urango), created on the basis of rejected marigolds. These are low annual plants with a bush height of 20-30 cm and with inflorescences about 55-60 mm in size. The series includes varieties of marigolds with golden yellow, red-brown and bright orange color. Of greatest interest to gardeners is the variety "Durango Mix" (Durango Mix), which attracts attention with its unusual inflorescences, painted in a variety of colors, from yellow and burgundy to variegated.

Carnation (carnation) marigolds, varieties, photos and names.

Carnation marigolds consist mainly of reed flowers, the petals of which are dissected along the outer edge.

  • A typical example of such an inflorescence structure is marigolds "Carmen" (Carmen). This is an annual plant that forms bushes no more than 0.3 m high, which are abundantly covered with foliage. The petals of the reed flowers are slightly corrugated and colored red-brown, while the tubular central flowers are yellow-orange in color. The size of the marigold inflorescence reaches 50 mm. The flowering period lasts from early summer to early autumn.

  • "Black Velvet" (B lack V elvet) - annual marigolds bred on the basis of small-flowered marigolds. This is a low-growing plant up to 30 cm high with a compact bush, on which small inflorescences up to 6 cm in diameter bloom abundantly, painted in dark cherry color and framed by a thin orange border. Inflorescences are terry, clove-shaped. Flowering of marigolds lasts from the beginning of summer and ends with the onset of frost.

Chrysanthemum marigolds, varieties, photos and names.

Chrysanthemum marigolds are almost entirely formed by tubular flowers. Bright representatives of this group are annual varieties derived from upright marigolds:

  • "Taishan" (Taishan) - undersized flowers about 0.25-0.3 m high. From late spring to early autumn, marigold bushes are covered with rather large inflorescences, consisting of wide tubular flowers. The size of the baskets reaches a diameter of 70-80 mm. This series includes varieties with golden (Gold), orange (Orange) and yellow (Yellow) baskets.

  • "Vanilla F 1" (Vanilla F 1) - an annual undersized hybrid with a compact bush, whose height does not exceed 40 cm, and the width of the bush is about 25 cm. Large inflorescences about 7 cm in size, resembling a ball in shape, are painted in a delicate creamy White color. Flowering occurs in the last decade of May and ends with cold snaps.

Where do marigolds grow?

Today, marigolds are cultivated in almost all countries of Europe, Asia, Africa and South America. In the wild, marigolds grow in Spain and Portugal, France and Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Poland and Belarus, throughout Russia. These flowers are also found in India, Pakistan, China, but the largest area of ​​\u200b\u200bgrowth is noted in Peru, Chile, Venezuela, Paraguay and other countries of South America, as well as in Mexico. These flowers are quite unpretentious to external conditions, so they easily tolerate the periodic lack of watering, poor soils, and even weed infestation.

Medicinal properties of marigolds.

In addition to the beautiful appearance that delivers aesthetic pleasure, as well as the pleasant aroma inherent in these flowers, marigolds are widely used for cosmetic, medicinal and culinary purposes.

Throughout the growing season, the plant accumulates in all its parts an essential oil containing several unique components. According to the content of some biologically active substances, marigolds are ahead of many medicinal herbs and plants. They contain:

  • cytomen,
  • apinene,
  • sabinene,
  • carotene,
  • lutein,
  • myrcene,
  • citral,
  • pigments,
  • alkaloids and flavonoids.

Amber-yellow marigold oil has a pleasant aroma, which is mixed with notes of oriental spices and fruits. Marigold oil has the following medicinal properties:

  • antimicrobial,
  • antifungal,
  • antispasmodic,
  • antiseptic,
  • sedatives.

Marigold petals contain potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, iron, selenium, copper, gold and zinc, as well as vitamins C, A, E, folic acid and rutin.

Variety Spanish Brocade. How to make marigold oil?

To prepare marigold healing oil, it is necessary to finely chop the green material from the stems, leaves and flowers, and then pour it with olive oil in a ratio of 1:10. After keeping the mixture in a dark place for 10 days, it is placed in a water bath, after which the resulting extract is drained and filtered. Store the drug in a cool place, after pouring it into dark glass bottles. Marigold oil is a powerful remedy, so it should be used with caution. It helps lower blood pressure, promotes healing of wounds and relieves skin infections.

Infusion of marigolds and method of its preparation.

Due to the antiseptic properties of this plant, inhalations with its infusions are used to treat viral and bacterial respiratory diseases. This procedure can be carried out both with the help of special devices, and in the old fashioned way over the kettle. For infusion, 5 buds are enough, which are poured with boiling water (no more than 300 ml).

Decoction of marigolds and method of preparation.

Pain from arthrosis or other joint pathologies can be reduced by taking marigold decoctions. Such a water extract is prepared in large volumes and has a lower concentration. Prepare a decoction of dried or fresh inflorescences. It is enough to take them about 20-30 pieces and insist for an hour. It is advisable to find out the frequency and volume of the drug taken from the doctor.


The use of marigolds in cosmetology.

The aromatic and medicinal properties of marigolds have long been used in cosmetology. Extracts of these flowers are used in perfumes and nourishing creams of all French perfumers. In addition, many of the fair sex make masks based on decoctions of these flowers or nourishing balms from a mixture of olive and almond oil, infused for two weeks on one tablespoon of crushed inflorescences.

Marigolds in cooking.

Dried and crushed marigold flowers are used as a condiment known as Imeretian saffron. They give food not only a special spicy taste, but also a beautiful golden color. Leaves and flowers of marigolds are part of some salads, and are also used to preserve vegetables. The marinade, to which a couple of inflorescences were added, gives the cucumbers a special elasticity and makes them crispy. The inflorescence of marigolds is the raw material from which food dyes are produced, which have a rich yellow or yellow-orange color.

Harm of marigolds and contraindications.

It should be remembered that for people who have allergic reactions to the active substances that make up the stems, leaves or flowers of the plant, as well as for women during pregnancy, it is contraindicated to use drugs, ointments, balms and seasonings from marigolds.


Marigolds: cultivation and care.

Due to the natural beauty of marigolds, as well as because of the long flowering period, they are used for decorative design of city parks, garden plots and adjacent areas. The landing site depends on the size of the bush. So giant, tall or medium-sized varieties of marigolds are used to decorate the center of the flower beds or the background part of the flower garden, and colorful flower borders are formed from undersized plants. Marigolds are suitable for growing in floor vases, large pots, balcony boxes and even planters, and cut flowers can stand in a regular vase for quite some time.

The soil.

In Russia, flower growers are mainly engaged in breeding thin-leaved, upright and rejected marigolds. Despite the fact that these plants are quite unpretentious and can grow on almost any soil, the most intensive flowering is achieved on fertile, neutral, loamy soils that are sufficiently fertilized and moistened. To enrich the soil with the necessary minerals and microelements, any of the complete mineral fertilizers is added to it, but not manure. When creating conditions for a full supply of the root system with oxygen at the planting site, good drainage is provided, which can be used as compost.

temperature and lighting.

Marigold flowers are thermophilic plants, so they should be planted in sunny areas, although a light shade will not harm them. The best temperature, which is needed for optimal vegetation and full flowering, is considered to be the range from + 20 ° C to + 23 ° C. Under cooler temperature conditions, sprouts slow down their growth, and the leaves become pale green in color. The first frosts usually lead to the death of plants. In excessively shaded places, the growth of shoots is accelerated, and flowering is inhibited.

Humidity.

Long heavy rains can adversely affect the state of marigolds, causing rotting of inflorescences and fungal diseases of the root system, but these plants tolerate drought quite easily, as they come from sunny and arid regions of South America and Mexico.


Methods for planting marigolds.

In floriculture, 2 methods of reproduction of marigolds are used:

  • sowing seeds directly into the soil,
  • seedling method.

Flowers planted by direct sowing into the ground begin to please with their flowering only in the middle of summer, but planting prepared seedlings makes it possible to admire the beauty of plants already in early June.

When to plant marigolds?

The timing of planting marigolds in open ground depends on the air temperature. Sowing seeds or planting seedlings should be done only after the night temperature does not fall below + 5 ° C. In southern regions with a mild and warm climate, planting can begin from mid-April, and in areas with a temperate climate, this process should be postponed until the second decade of May.

Germination of marigold seeds.

In order for the seedlings to be friendly and strong, the planting material is germinated. This method of preparation is equally used for sowing seeds directly in open ground, and for growing seedlings of marigolds.

Germination of seeds is not difficult. To do this, wrap the marigold seeds of the selected variety in a moistened cotton cloth. Then the bundle should be put in a shallow flat saucer and placed in a transparent plastic bag. Now it remains to put the container with the wetted planting material in a warm and bright place and wait two to three days. When the seeds hatch, you can start planting.

Planting marigold seeds in open ground.

On the site prepared for sowing marigolds, with the help of a chopper, you need to make shallow (no more than 2 centimeters) grooves, into which germinated marigold seeds should be laid at intervals of about 15-20 millimeters. Then you need to fill them with a layer of soil with a thickness of at least one centimeter. With a thicker layer, it will be difficult for the sprouts to break through, and they may die, and with insufficient powder, they simply dry out. It is necessary to water carefully and moderately, avoiding both excessive waterlogging and leaching of seeds from the soil. The first shoots can be observed after 7-8 days. You can cover the landing site with agrofibre or any other non-woven material (acrylic or lutrasil). When 2 or 3 true leaves appear on the sprouts, you can thin out and plant the plants in accordance with the variety, height and width of the bush.



To enjoy flowering already in the last days of May or in the first decade of June, sowing marigolds for seedlings should be carried out during the whole of March and the first half of April. Those who want to grow several different species should take into account that seeds of upright marigolds should be sown in March, and small-leaved and rejected ones should be sown in the first two weeks of April. In this case, flowering will occur simultaneously in early June.

Growing healthy and strong seedlings of these flowers is not difficult at all, but some nuances should be observed. The best substrate for the germination of marigolds can be considered a mixture of humus, peat, soddy soil and half the norm of pure coarse river sand taken in equal amounts. To destroy pests and weed seeds that may be in the soil mixture, it is necessary to disinfect it. To do this, you can use any fungicide or a dark pink solution of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate).

To avoid stagnation of water in the substrate, a drainage layer with a thickness of at least 3 centimeters is poured onto the bottom of the planting box or container. To do this, you can use fine gravel, gravel, expanded clay or even coarse sand. Two-thirds of the required volume of soil mixture is poured onto the drainage, which is compacted with a rammer. The rest of the substrate must be in a loose state so that the root system of the seedlings is adequately supplied with oxygen.

The seed box or container should not be filled to the top: 10-20 millimeters of free space should remain from the top of the container to the soil surface. Now you need to spill the prepared substrate with water and let the container or box stand in a warm room for a couple of days so that the soil mixture reaches the desired structure. To remove excess moisture from the soil mixture, the container, at the bottom of which several small holes are made, must be equipped with a special tray.

Before planting marigolds on seedlings, the surface of the substrate should be slightly loosened and shallow grooves should be made at intervals of about two centimeters. The hatched seeds should be laid out in these grooves every 10-15 millimeters, and then they should be covered with a layer of substrate no more than 10 mm thick. After that, the entire planting surface is very carefully watered, and the container is covered with a transparent material (polyethylene bag, food container lid, glass, etc.) and taken to a warm room with a temperature of + 22 ° C to + 25 ° C.

It is necessary to ensure that the soil does not dry out, and periodically water. When the first sprouts of marigolds appear, the container with seedlings is transferred to a lighter and cooler room, in which the temperature fluctuates between 15-18 ° C. At the same time, they begin to “accustom” seedlings to fresh air, for which they carry out daily airing. In addition, this will greatly reduce the risk of certain diseases characteristic of seedlings. If there is the slightest suspicion that any seedling is infected with a black leg, it must be removed along with a lump of substrate. After that, the resulting hole should be filled with fresh soil mixture, and then the entire soil, together with the sprouts, should be treated with a fungicide solution.

When friendly shoots of marigolds appear, the shelter is completely removed. During this period, watering is carried out only after the earth in the seedling container has dried out. Also, the accumulation of water in the pan should not be allowed, therefore, some time after watering, excess liquid should be drained from it. In order for the seedlings to grow strong and healthy, it is recommended to feed them twice a month with special fertilizers for seedlings.

If all the planted marigold seeds sprout, the sprouts will be quite crowded in a container or box. In this case, a pick will be required. This operation is carried out some time after watering. In a separate container with the same substrate as for growing seedlings, holes are prepared into which sprouts are transplanted, taken with a spoon from the container. Planting is carried out by deepening the plants almost to the cotyledons, which will lead to more intense and abundant root formation. The signal that marigold seedlings are ready for planting in open ground can be considered the appearance of 2 or 3 true leaves.


Planting seedlings of marigolds in open ground.

Seedlings are planted in open ground in the middle or end of May in previously prepared soil. To do this, the site chosen for planting is dug up to a depth of no more than 25 centimeters and complex fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are applied to it. After that, the soil is again dug up and watered. The amount of applied mineral fertilizers should not exceed 30 g/m 2 .

After waiting some time for the water to soak into the soil, prepare the holes in which the seedlings will be planted. The distance between the holes and adjacent rows of marigolds depends on their type and variety. For giant and tall plants, this figure is 40 centimeters, medium-sized flowers should be planted every 30 centimeters, but undersized and dwarf marigolds are planted every 20 centimeters.

The depth of the holes for seedlings should be such that the root neck of the plant is deepened into the soil by 10-20 millimeters. After the root system is carefully placed in the hole, you need to carefully fill the void around the roots and slightly compact the soil. Next, you should water the seedlings well, avoiding excessive waterlogging. It is noteworthy that, unlike many plants, marigolds are not afraid of water getting on the leaves.

Marigold care.

Further care for these flowers is quite simple.

  • In order for the bushes to bloom profusely, you need to remove weeds and periodically loosen the soil not only between plants, but also between rows.
  • Despite the fact that marigolds are unpretentious, application of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers will have a beneficial effect on the appearance of the bushes, making the flowering more magnificent. One or two root dressings for the entire season will be enough, performed when the first buds appear and after the start of abundant flowering. It is not worth using nitrogen fertilizers, as this will lead to the growth of shoots and inhibition of the development of inflorescences.
  • In addition, in order for the plant to look lush and tidy, you need to periodically remove inflorescences that have already faded, and carry out formative pruning of marigolds.

In autumn, after the onset of frost, marigolds die. Plants must be removed from the ground, finely chopped and buried in the ground during the autumn digging. Such a measure will allow the prevention of fungal infections of the soil.


Diseases of marigolds, photos and names.

Like all plants, marigolds can also get sick.

  • For example, if the summer is cool and rainy, or if the bushes are planted too close together, dark brown spots often appear on the leaves of the plants and on their stems. Such a disease is called "gray rot" and leads to the death of not only an infected bush, but can also cause the spread of a fungal infection to other plants. To avoid this, you must immediately dig out all the marigold bushes affected by gray rot and destroy them.
  • Too much moisture can also lead to slugs and snails. You can get rid of them with the help of manual collection or jars of bleach, which must be placed between the rows. The pungent odor emanating from them repels pests.
  • In hot dry summers, especially when watering is carried out irregularly and in insufficient quantities, plants are invaded spider mite. You can get rid of this dangerous pest by spraying the bushes with infusions of special plants, since marigolds do not tolerate chemicals well. For the preparation of infusions, you can use onions, yarrow or red hot peppers. If the spider mite infection has not yet occurred, it is possible to spray the bushes with plain water two or three times a day as preventive measures.

It is noteworthy that the phytoncides contained in the roots, stems and leaves of marigolds prevent the development of most fungal diseases not only in the flowers themselves, but also serve as an excellent protection for those plants that grow next to them. Therefore, many experienced gardeners create original flower borders around plantings of tomatoes, potatoes or berry bushes.


Interesting Marigold Facts:

  • Upright marigold flowers have the ability to draw out heavy metals accumulated in the soil, which allows them to be used for land disinfection work.
  • The first written mention of marigolds appeared at the end of the 16th century in a fundamental study by the Spanish missionary, historian and linguist Bernardino de Sahagun.
  • In India, marigolds are considered sacred flowers, so they are strewn at the foot of the statues of the god Krishna.
  • The aroma emanating from the leaves is more persistent and sharp than the smell exuded by the inflorescences.
  • In the language of flowers, which in the era of Queen Victoria was used for a hidden expression of feelings, marigolds meant fearlessness, courage, unparalleled courage and were a symbol of the royal lion.
  • Mexicans still use the leaves of the plant as a diaphoretic or diuretic, and in the treatment of fever. For food poisoning, marigolds are used to induce vomiting and cleanse the stomach.
  • The aroma emanating from marigolds attracts bees, wasps, beetles and other pollinating insects, therefore, by planting such flowers near cucumbers or other crops, you can achieve a significant increase in yield.
  • In the era of the birth and spread of Christianity, the inhabitants of the British Isles surrounded the images of the Blessed Virgin Mary with wreaths that were woven from marigolds. Flowers symbolized gold coins.
  • According to Orthodox writings, when Mary and Joseph were forced to flee to Egypt, they were followed by a gang of robbers. When the pursuers overtook the fugitives, they took away their wallet. But how surprised the bandits were when, having opened it, they found not silver or gold, but marigold inflorescences.
  • The native Indians of South America in their stories and legends associate the flowers of the plant with the divine sun.
  • Marigolds are grown not only for decorative purposes. There are species that are cultivated for use in the food industry and the production of alcoholic beverages.

Marigold (Tagetes) is the botanical name of the genus to which many species and varieties of flowering plants belong, which are extremely popular with gardeners. Marigolds are unpretentious, easy to propagate, do not require labor-intensive care, they transplant well even when flowering - and they bloom from June to late autumn. Various varieties of marigolds are very decorative and also have many useful properties.

Useful properties of marigolds

Growing marigolds for landscaping plots and balconies provides truly enormous opportunities. These plants are distinguished by a rich color range - from all kinds of shades of yellow, orange to reddish and red-brown; abundant and long flowering; a variety of shapes and sizes of flowers (from simple small - up to 2.5 cm in diameter - inflorescences, like Mexican marigolds of the Gnom variety, to large double and densely doubled - for example, a hybrid variety of rejected marigolds Brilliant yellow from the Russian size series has an inflorescence diameter of up to 14 cm).

In addition to its decorative effect, marigolds are useful for the soil and, due to the excreted ones, are able to protect other plants from harmful insects and damage by various types of fungi. By planting marigolds throughout the site, not only in the flower garden, but also near trees and shrubs, among vegetable beds, you can not only decorate your garden and vegetable garden, but also protect it. Such protection is effective even against the Colorado potato beetle - if you plant flowers around the perimeter of the potato plot. And in the fall, removing faded plants, put them in compost to disinfect it.

Marigolds are also used in cooking. The inflorescences contain essential oils and dyes, which allows them to be used for pickling or salting as a spice, and the infusion of inflorescences as a vegetable dye for sauces, dough, homemade cheeses, and butter. Dried marigold flowers are ground into powder and stored in jars with tight lids. Fresh leaves are used in vegetable salads and snacks - for this, marigolds are rejected and upright.

Features of reproduction and planting marigolds

Marigolds. They are sown in early spring for seedlings or at the end of May directly into the ground with mandatory shelter of crops (non-woven covering material is used). Reproduction of marigolds through seedlings allows you to achieve earlier flowering; sowing dates are chosen depending on the type of plant: for example, rejected and thin-leaved marigolds can be sown in mid-April, and upright marigolds - no later than mid-March.

Shoots appear about a week after sowing; two weeks later, the seedlings must be dived. Marigolds easily respond to transplantation at any age, plants quickly take root in a new place, but sometimes when planting marigold seedlings in the ground, you may notice a change in leaf color - they acquire a purple or burgundy hue. This phenomenon occurs as a reaction to low air temperature (up to 10? C), and sometimes manifests itself during the period of adaptation of the plant to bright light. Over time, the green color of the leaves returns.

Marigolds are thermophilic, even slight frosts lead to the death of the plant; at low temperatures (from 10? C and below), their development and growth stops. Best of all, the formation of a bush and flowering occurs at an air temperature of about 20? C.

Strong shading leads to oppression of the plant, leaves become smaller, inflorescences are poorly formed. Therefore, well-lit places or partial shade are preferable for planting marigolds. Unlike many plants, marigolds grow well in the open sun, are not afraid of strong winds, and are drought-resistant. But excess moisture in the soil can kill plants, cause disease or decay.

Marigolds grow on almost any soil except clay; they can be planted on young, still insufficiently cultivated areas, and on depleted, poor soils. But it should be borne in mind that an excess of nitrogen leads to the formation of abundant greenery with weak flowering.

Marigolds: types and varieties

Of the variety of species, the most common in floriculture are marigolds rejected, or French (Tagetes patula), erect marigolds, or African (Tagetes erecta) And thin-leaved marigolds, or mexican (Tagetes tenuifolia). According to the shape of the inflorescences, chrysanthemum-shaped (with tubular flowers) and clove-shaped (with reed flowers) varieties are distinguished. Marigold inflorescences can be simple, semi-double and terry.

Marigolds rejected

In marigolds rejected bushes branch well. Various varieties of this species can form both high (up to 60 cm) and small (from 25 to 40 cm and even very low - up to 15 - 20 cm) bushes. As a rule, they are distinguished by abundant flowering (up to 100 inflorescences on one bush); marigold flowers up to 5 - 6 cm in diameter, usually non-double, can be either chrysanthemum or carnation.

The inflorescences of marigolds rejected have a variety of color options, which can be both monophonic and combined. For example, in the Harlequin variety, the petals are striped in contrasting colors (yellow and burgundy-brown); the bush is low (up to 35 cm). Inflorescences of marigold varieties Gold Ball consist of tubular flowers of golden yellow color and ligulate reddish brown; the bush of this plant reaches 60 cm in height, branches well. The reed flowers of the Feuerball variety are double-sided: they are dull yellow below, red-brown above; tubular orange flowers with brown tips. The bright inflorescences of the Providence variety are extremely attractive, their petals have a wavy shape and a contrasting border; bushes grow quickly and look good in container plantings.

Breeders have bred many different varieties and hybrids of marigolds rejected. For balcony gardening, compact bushes of marigolds of the variety group are excellent. little hero. Plants are low (up to 20 cm), terry flowers, have a different monophonic or variegated color. hybrids Russian size, on the contrary, they form tall (up to 100 cm) bushes with large (7–14 cm in diameter) flowers.

Good resistance to adverse weather conditions is shown by marigolds of the variety group Carnival (Orange, red, queen, Granada, Marietta). These plants have non-double inflorescences of various colors with a diameter of up to 7 cm and form bushes up to 25 cm high.

Marigolds erect

Upright marigolds reach a height of 1 meter or more. Their bushes have a reverse pyramidal shape, the stem is woody at the base, inflorescences of various shapes can be 6 to 12-13 cm in diameter.

Giant varieties of erect marigolds (bush height of 90 cm or more) are usually used as background plants, in group plantings, many varieties are suitable for cutting. Such is, for example, gold dollar- a variety of marigolds with spherical densely double inflorescences of red-orange color. The bush reaches 130 cm in height, inflorescences up to 8 cm in diameter.

Varieties of medium height reach a size of 45 - 60 cm. Varieties can be cited as an example Zitronenprinz(inflorescences of lemon-yellow color) and Sonnenschein(golden yellow inflorescences).

There are upright marigolds and low varieties, the bushes of which do not exceed 45 cm in height. Numerous new varieties and hybrids of this variety show a wide range of colors. So, the Aztec Lime Green F1 variety has a unique greenish color of lush terry inflorescences; plant up to 45 cm in height; its distinctive feature is resistance to high air temperature. The Beatles White Moon F1 has white densely doubled inflorescences. Marigold varieties Antigua form inflorescences of bright yellow or orange color, reaching a diameter of 10 cm, while the height of the plant itself is only 20 cm.

It is worth noting such varieties of upright marigolds as Gilbert Stein(inflorescences up to 10 cm in diameter), Enterprise(bushes up to 40 cm high are resistant to high humidity), perfection(golden-yellow inflorescences on bushes 35 - 40 cm in height).

Marigolds thin-leaved

Marigolds thin-leaved have small dense foliage and form many small non-double inflorescences of predominantly yellow or orange color. These are ideal plants for borders, they are also successfully used in group, mixed plantings. Bushes of thin-leaved marigolds are usually undersized, densely branched, compact. Among the popular varieties of this species - gnome(plant height up to 25 cm, simple yellow-orange inflorescences have a diameter of up to 2.5 cm); golden ring(bush up to 50 cm high, reed flowers are yellow, tubular flowers are orange with brown dots).

Features of growing marigolds

Despite their unpretentiousness, marigold flowers fully reveal their beauty with good care. At the beginning of growth, regular moderate watering is recommended - this contributes to the full formation of the plant, which will subsequently be expressed in abundant flowering. It is desirable to carry out top dressing with a solution of complex mineral fertilizer, without overfeeding the plants. It is advisable to regularly remove faded baskets in order to preserve the decorativeness of plantings. Marigolds in your garden are a beauty that does not require much effort.

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Marigolds rejected, like upright varieties, are a herbaceous plant from the Asteraceae family. There are more than 30 species and a huge variety of bred varieties of these annuals and perennials. Conventionally enough (according to amateur flower growers), these plants are divided into upright (upright) and rejected.

Origin of the name and species

Although these charming flowers come from America, they have perfectly acclimatized in our open spaces. They were brought to Spain by seafarers in the 16th century, during the time of the conquest - the Spanish colonization of America. Then this plant spread throughout Europe.

The official name for this flower - Tagetes - was given by Carl Linnaeus when he created his unified classification of plants and animals. He probably named it so for its beautiful and bright appearance, similar to the beauty of Tages, the grandson of Jupiter.

However, in different countries the plant has its own names. So, in Germany it is called a student flower, in the UK - Mary's gold (marygold), in Ukraine - Chernobrovka (Chernobrivtsy). All these names reflect one or another quality of the flower.

Today, deviated and upright marigolds can be found in any backyard or summer cottage. They decorate the balconies of high-rise buildings and city flower beds.

Such popularity of these plants is primarily due to their decorative effect. After all, flowers can be both simple and terry (rejected terry Lemon Jam, Mandarin, Queen Sofia, etc.). Their colors are also varied and very decorative: from light yellow (upright marigolds Gelber Stein) to bright orange (marigolds rejected Mandarin) and variegated, with red, brown, bordered petals (rejected terry Gold Copchen).

The height of the bushes of this plant also varies greatly. There are tall bushes up to 120 cm (upright densely doubled Gold Dollar). Although most varieties have a height of 50-70 cm, there are also many low bushes up to 30 cm high. They are used to decorate borders, discounts, and decorate balconies. These are, for example, rejected terry marigolds of the Orangeflamme variety (orange, or orange, fire) or upright marigolds of Antigua. These are perhaps the smallest bushes that have a height barely reaching 20 cm. With such a small growth, the bright yellow or orange flowers of this variety have a diameter of up to 10 cm.

When describing some varieties, 2 main varieties were named. And what is the difference between upright marigolds and deviated marigolds? In fact, in the classification of plants according to the type of stems and the direction of their growth, there is no concept of "rejected". But in relation to marigolds it is used.

The main difference between these varieties is that erect marigolds have one central straight stem, while the rejected ones do not. In addition, most erect varieties have a greater height than rejected ones.

Breeding and benefits

But, having acquired seeds once, you can provide yourself with seed material for many years. After all, in just 1 gram of seed material from 280 to 700 tiny seeds. They remain viable for 1-4 years (for erect ones, a shorter period, for rejected ones, a longer one). In addition, both of them successfully reproduce by self-seeding.

One of the most popular varieties that can be found in almost any garden is Bolero. It is a low-growing bush with red-brown-yellow flowers with wavy edges. Plants are very unpretentious, do not require special care or very fertile soil. They can grow both in the sun and in partial shade. They begin to bloom within a month and a half after sowing.

Due to the specific smell of flowers, leaves, stems and even roots, this variety is often sown between roses or among cucumbers to repel aphids and other pests (for example, nematodes - worms that cause nematodosis of plants, animals and humans).

For the same purpose, amazingly beautifully flowering bushes of the Antigua Primrose variety with large spherical yellow or orange flowers are often used.

But the benefits of marigolds are not limited to their use in decorative floriculture and to protect plants from pests. Not every one of those who are happy to plant marigolds in their home, on a balcony or on a plot knows what benefits these plants can bring to the body.

Marigolds: growing from seeds (video)

Areas of application of tagetes

Tagetes are valuable because their flowers contain essential oils. However, there is another group of valuable substances in their composition. These are flavonoids - chemical compounds with antioxidant properties.

Some of them have antibacterial action. And the flavonoids rutin and quercin contained in the flowers of erect marigolds, especially in combination with ascorbic acid, strengthen the walls of blood vessels, inhibit blood clotting, thus preventing thrombosis.

To date, many representatives of traditional medicine use a dry extract of marigolds for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers.

Due to the very high content of carotenoids (provitamin A), infusions and decoctions of marigolds can positively affect human vision. Also, on the basis of one of them - lutein - food supplements and eye drops are prepared.

In addition, upright marigolds are widely used in cooking. For example, the well-known Svan salt contains their flowers. There are many seasonings and sauces in which marigold petals are added. Among the Turks, this is one of the favorite ingredients of all kinds of seasonings for meat and vegetable dishes. And some of our housewives add whole flowers to canned tomatoes. It turns out very tasty and unusual.

Growing marigolds (video)

I would classify marigolds as "simple" flowers.

What is their simplicity?

They have been known to everyone for a long time - for a long time, they are not some kind of modern revolutionary find.

But maybe that's why they are so loved by many people.

For its usual beauty, responsiveness, for its bright and always festive outfit and unique, slightly spicy aroma.

Marigolds are a flower, so dear, reminiscent of childhood.

This flower has positive energy. And among the Chinese, marigolds are a symbol of longevity. Perhaps because it blooms throughout the season.

I have marigolds or they also speak Tagetes, and in Ukrainian Chernobrivtsy are associated with summer. Flowers are as bright and sunny as summer days.

But, not only flower growers - lovers of marigolds come to taste. Breeders love to work with this flower, bringing out new, even more interesting novelties. Let's look at marigold varieties with unusual shapes and colors.

Description of marigolds

The main color scheme, of course, is yellow-brown or red-brown, orange, but there are lemon, white, which are still less common in flower beds, but look very interesting.

According to the shape of the flower, marigolds are: rejected and upright.

  1. Rejected (French) - with a sprawling bush shape, they are usually not tall.
  2. And upright (African) ones are real giants with powerful stems up to 1 m high with very large double flowers.

There are also thin-leaved marigolds (Mexican). The flower forms a large number of densely leafy shoots with more elegant thin, carved leaves.

Based on these features, different varieties have different uses in the garden. Tall types of marigolds are favorites of flower beds among the same powerful plants. They also serve as an excellent backdrop for undersized ones.

Rejected and Mexican varieties of marigold make excellent borders and curtains. Borders are especially good if you alternate varieties that are contrasting in color, but similar in shape and structure.

I like such pairs of marigolds: Carmen and Honeycombe, Scarlet Sophia and Queen Sophia. Lemon Prince and Orange Prince.

Rejected varieties of marigolds: photo

Amazing flower. The color is bright yellow, very cheerful. The shape of the inflorescences reminds me of bows. The variety was bred by French breeders. The height of the marigolds is about 25 cm, the yellow edging of the flower bed looks very nice.

The so-called "people's series". We don’t know where the variety came from, probably mother nature tried. What I was talking about, we look at his photo - immediately feelings of something native and familiar arise in my soul. This is the same "typical" or "simple" variety of marigolds, but everyone's favorite. The head is slightly convex, plump and fragrant.

The height of marigolds reaches 20 cm. This variety blooms until frost.


The first thing you pay attention to when you look at bolero marigolds is their color. What an unusually warm, bewitching he is, one wants to watch without taking his eyes off. The shape of the inflorescence leaves for the second background, and it is very beautiful!

The height of the variety is 25 - 30 cm. Seed germination is high.


If you are lucky enough to buy this strain, it will never disappoint you. A rare color for marigolds is cherry, and the color range ranges from only ripe cherries (bright cherry color) to overripe cherries (dark red).

The shape of the inflorescence of this variety is typical for this flower. The aroma is classic, but the color is its highlight!

At first, it’s even hard to believe that this flower is also marigold. An interesting name for the variety, but the breeder decided so. Why does this color look like an umbrella to me?

By planting this particular variety of marigold, you can surprise passers-by with their curious eyes. That's what it means, a revolutionary approach to a familiar flower!

Upright varieties of marigolds: photo

The inflorescence is lush, densely double. Lemon yellow color. The height of the variety reaches 70 cm. These marigolds bloom from June until frost.


Inflorescence - like a ballerina's skirt (lace), large 9 cm, intense yellow. The taishan variety is very resistant to adverse conditions, one flower pleases with its flowering for 3 weeks!

Marigolds with a strong odorous aroma.


For me, white varieties are something amazing, like ice cream! I'm so used to the "sunny" shades of marigolds that whites seem to me like flowers from another planet.

But, I personally grow on my site, or rather, I began to grow white varieties. Well, they are so beautiful!

Vanilla inflorescence diameter - 12 cm! This variety is excellent for cutting.


Hawaii marigolds are high - up to 80 cm. Inflorescences are large in the form of a ball up to 15 cm, beautiful orange. They emit a pleasant fragrant intense smell.

Well suited for planting in the background or near vegetable crops, where marigolds will scare away many pests.

Thin-leaved varieties of marigolds: photo


Note the completely different appearance of the flowers. Marigolds on thin legs, and with dense plantings, they look like one solid bush, all strewn with yellow flowers.

Variety Lulu is a hybrid of French selection.


Marigolds Karina come in two colors - yellow and orange.

Interesting bushes, flowers, like beads scattered on the floor.

You can’t make an edging from thin-leaved marigolds. Their peculiarity is the formation of interesting bushes - balls, on which there is no clearance from fragrant flowers.

Say what you like, but thin-leaved marigolds are amazing in their own way, with their own charm.

A paprika variety of orange warm, positive color, with a cheerful yellow center, the flowers seem to be smiling.

If you want an elegant and positive flower garden, paprika is for you!


Marigold pests

To combat aphids, use the following infusion of marigolds:

500 - 600 grams of dried flowers (collected during flowering) or 1 - 1.2 kg of freshly cut leaves pour 10 liters. water, insist 2 days, strain and spray the affected plants.

Useful properties of marigolds

Marigolds, in addition to their decorative effect, have many more useful properties:

They are able to treat the soil and plants from nematode infection, get rid of pests: bears, aphids, cabbage flies, cotton scoops.

The green mass of marigolds, laid in the fall in compost, in the spring (in a rotted form) is an excellent fertilizer for enriching and improving the land.

Marigold is also a healer! Its flowers help treat a number of diseases. First of all, they help maintain vision, as they contain lutein.

It is necessary to eat before eating 1 - 2 small flowers (inflorescences). You can dry marigold flowers.

Add 1 tbsp. l. dry raw material in tea. Such a drink will have a beneficial effect on colic and bloating.

In the country, we are often bitten by insects, then very unpleasant swellings remain.

Itching and pain from bloodsucking bites will be removed by fresh juice from marigold leaves. You can simply rub them in your hands and apply to the problem area.

Due to its high decorativeness, unpretentiousness to growing conditions, resistance to pests and diseases, marigolds (tagetes) are one of the most common and popular annual flower crops. But which variety should be preferred in urban landscaping and at their summer cottage?

In nature, there are about 30 types of marigolds, but only three of them have decorative value: erect marigolds (Tagetes erecta L.), marigolds rejected (Tagetes patula L. ) And thin-leaved marigolds (Tagetestenuifollia L. ).

Now, marigolds rejected and marigolds upright are most used by landscape gardeners and amateur flower growers.

Marigolds erect

Marigolds erect more often used in urban gardening. Their modern assortment is represented mainly by F 1 hybrids - even in height, very compact. Solid thick branches of such plants are densely leafy, due to which marigolds have a high "density" and, of course, they are distinguished by large, densely double inflorescences of bright orange, yellow and cream, almost white, colors.

All of these features give the plants a solemn, strict, slightly official look. Therefore, upright marigolds are planted in the most ceremonial places. They look great in flower beds, both in a simple form, and in the form of various complex figures against the background of a lawn.

Upright marigolds go well with large-flowered hybrids of petunia, ageratum, cineraria, begonia. At the same time, the “company” of other letniks is not necessary, the combination of colors of plants of the same series, tinted by filling from small stones, looks great.

Placement of cream ("white") plants requires a more subtle and careful approach, as they are sometimes "lost" in flower beds. In general, plants of this species are best grown in large groups, this better emphasizes their merits.

It should also be noted that seedlings of erect marigolds usually cost more than seedlings of marigolds of the other two species, and cultivation by sowing in open ground is inefficient, since their entry into the flowering phase is significantly delayed.

Marigolds rejected

Marigolds rejected (Tagetes patula L.) St. Petersburg, October

Marigolds rejected most commonly used by both landscape designers and amateur gardeners. Plants of this species are undemanding to growing conditions, enter the flowering phase early and continue it until frost.

They are resistant to diseases and pests, to drought, and the possible defeat of inflorescences by gray rot (in varieties with clove-shaped inflorescences) does not lead to the death of marigolds upon the onset of a long rainy period, because after the end of rainy weather, their flowering is restored. Plants are also resistant to the polluted atmosphere of the city.

In urban landscaping, where it is required to quickly and evenly cover the soil surface, seedlings are planted in flower beds. In addition, in urban conditions, as well as where it is required to quickly close the soil surface, preference is given to dwarf hybrids with a height of 10-15 cm, poor branching ability and a small number of inflorescences. This allows you to plant them according to the scheme of 10x10 cm or even 8x8 cm, which immediately gives the flower garden a finished look. Plants of ordinary varieties and hybrids should not be grown according to this scheme, as this leads to their oppression and a decrease in decorativeness.

Our studies have shown that in the conditions of the Moscow region it is quite possible to grow marigolds rejected by sowing in open ground, starting from May 15. Plants grown in this way are more viable, hardened, have more developed underground and aboveground parts and form more inflorescences. In more northern regions, of course, it is better to grow seedlings, and then transfer them to flower beds and flower beds.

Marigolds thin-leaved

Marigolds thin-leaved less than the other two named species are represented both in urban flower beds and in flower beds of amateur gardeners, although now there are already very decorative varieties of them in various colors: from lemon yellow to orange red. Varieties of this species are characterized by rapid development and a huge number of small simple inflorescences on one plant.

Many amateur gardeners who first grew thin-leaved marigolds on their plot are surprised how a large (up to 50 cm in diameter) domed bush is formed from a small thin plant at the seedling stage, completely strewn with small, but very decorative inflorescences.

Since when planting seedlings, one should proceed from a feeding area of ​​​​20x20 cm, it is worth planting plants as close to each other as possible, for fear that the soil surface will be visible.

Wherever marigolds are planted and no matter what variety or type of preference is given, it can be said with certainty that they will delight with bright flowering from the beginning of summer and late autumn and will not cause unnecessary trouble.

Thin-leaved marigolds - Tagetes tenuifollia, St. Petersburg, October