Fencing terraces and verandas: how to choose material for fencing, classic and modern types of fencing. Terrace on a metal frame: design features Metal veranda frame

Proper construction of extensions for various purposes can not only expand the residential part of the house, but also improve its appearance and protect it from wear and tear. The construction of a veranda adjacent to the house, regardless of the type of structure, requires careful development of the project, with the determination of materials and construction technology.

Proper execution and approval of project documentation by government authorities will not only insure against problems with the law, but will also help to draw up a plan and estimate for the structure.

Design

A typical veranda is a roofed frame structure built on a strip or column foundation, with glass or half-glass walls. The statement that the veranda should be built from the same materials as the main building, with the emergence of new styles and fashionable trends in architecture, has lost its relevance.

The photos below show ready-made solutions for verandas attached to the house, with various principles of compatibility. In some cases, the new extension is made of the same materials and is completely combined with the house; in others, the new addition is combined with the preservation of common elements - roof, beams, etc.

There are also projects in which the original design of the extension introduces a new architectural touch, updating the exterior.

When choosing materials and construction technologies, you should also take into account the parameters of proper ventilation, moisture resistance and thermal insulation. With full glazing, it is necessary to provide opening segments for ventilation.

If you are building an open veranda, or, as it is also called, a summer terrace, you need to take care of the frost-resistant lining and the slope of the floor towards the site.

Designs with removable frames are optimal for year-round use. Installing large sliding doors will also allow the building to be used in a dual-mode version.

In a typical project, the veranda area is rectangular and ranges from 10 to 15 sq.m. For smaller areas it will be too cramped; for larger ones, additional reinforcement for the roof will be required. Polygonal and semicircular foundations are also possible.

According to its location, the veranda can be corner, end or facade. An original solution can be considered the construction of a terrace along the entire perimeter of the house, which can have glazed, open and closed areas for various purposes: they can accommodate an entrance hall, a recreation area, and a large storage room.

Foundation

The foundation of terraces and verandas attached to the house must fit tightly to the main building, but at the same time have independent supports.

A strip foundation is suitable for large and heavy structures; in all other cases, a columnar foundation can be erected. When pouring concrete, you need to leave a gap of 3-4 cm with the main wall, which will subsequently be filled with waterproofing foam.

At the first stage of preparation for construction, the soil is cleaned and compacted. Then, for the pillars, corner holes are dug along the depth of the house foundation (about 1 m on average), a cushion is made of crushed stone, gravel and sand, onto which concrete is poured.

After setting, supports made of asbestos or metal pipes are inserted. Concrete pillars or brick can also be used. The same method is used to lay high piles for buildings adjacent to the second floor level.

Depending on the area and weight of the terrace, intermediate posts may be needed, installed every half meter.

For a strip foundation, a 30-50 cm trench is dug, the formwork is placed 15-20 cm higher. Metal reinforcement bars or reinforcing mesh are placed into the soil. Concrete is poured onto a layer of crushed stone and sand.

Wood frame

The frame is assembled from beams or logs with a width of at least 12 cm, which are covered with a waterproofing layer. For the strength of horizontal knitting, experts recommend using fastenings in the foot, the surface of the connection will be at an angle. Vertical posts are secured with diagonal interceptions.

At the final stage, the wooden frame is covered with rafters for the roof. For cladding you can use plywood panels, chipboards, etc.

Construction of a wooden veranda is the best budget solution in terms of materials prices, but when choosing this type of construction you need a professional approach and knowledge of the nuances of construction from wooden beams.

Other materials for verandas

The foam block structure is erected on a strip foundation. This type of masonry is easy to do yourself. The laying is carried out using a special glue, with the seams bandaged for strength.

When finishing, an internal and external waterproofing layer, finishing with plasterboard, wooden panels, moisture-resistant wallpaper and paints are provided. The outer surface can be lined with ventilated facades.

The construction of the structure is made of polycarbonate, a modern and attractive option. This material goes well in buildings with wooden and brick frames.

For a building that consists entirely of bicarbonate panels, you do not need a foundation. The earth can simply be compacted and covered with paving slabs.

The structure is created using aluminum profiles; it is necessary to provide for the possibility of ventilation and water drainage. Polycarbonate panels and frames of various types can be tailored to specific needs for lighting and thermal insulation.

Before you attach a veranda to the house, you need to decide on the functions that it will perform. In addition to the necessary drainage and ventilation systems in any case, proper connection to the permanent structure and roof structure, the schedule for using this part of the house is important.

The design and construction of summer verandas differs from the requirements for premises with year-round use. It is also important to note that any extension will require the same care and updating as permanent buildings.

Photo of the veranda attached to the house

Verandas and terraces- these are premises most often adjacent directly to the house and used for summer recreation.
Summer extensions to the house are used as a summer kitchen, dining room or bedroom. Furniture, sports equipment and other amenities are placed on the verandas and terraces.
The terrace and veranda are slightly different in the method of construction and layout, but in our conditions near Moscow, they perform the same functions - they are used for relaxation or entertainment in the open air.
Veranda- this is, as a rule, an unheated room adjacent to the house and having its own roof or using the roof of the house.
Verandas are made raised above the ground, equipped with decking, fencing with pergolas or double-glazed windows, walls, and doors.
Terrace- This is an unheated structure, raised above the ground, with moisture-resistant flooring and low decorative fencing.
The terrace can be open (without a roof), semi-open (part of the terrace under the roof), or closed (terrace with a roof).
Alcove- This is a separate building. Functionally, a gazebo is no different from a veranda and a terrace; it differs only in decoration.
Verandas and terraces built using a metal welded frame are lightweight, durable and have a high production speed.
The frame of a veranda or terrace can be erected in any place that is difficult to access and inconvenient for travel and unloading of building materials.

By ordering the production of a veranda, terrace and gazebo frame online, you receive an individual, unique and convenient design.

The metal frame of verandas, terraces and gazebos can be installed on the most unassuming foundation.
- The shape of the frame, welded from metal, never changes. Metal frames are very rigid and durable. Metal frames of verandas and terraces do not deform over time.
- The welded frame of the veranda, terrace and gazebo is easy to manufacture and configure.
- Metal frames of verandas, terraces and gazebos are cheaper, stronger and more durable than wooden frames.
- Sheathing a metal frame of a veranda and terrace is no more difficult than sheathing and insulating a wooden frame.
- The construction period for gazebos, verandas and terraces on a metal frame is very short.

Manufacturing of metal frames for verandas and terraces.

Verandas and terraces are, as a rule, not insulated buildings designed for spending time under a roof, but in the open air.
The dimensions, design, configuration and shape of the roof of verandas and terraces can be very diverse.

A veranda or terrace can be a small cozy room with benches and a table, closed on all sides by walls and wooden pergolas, or it can be a large covered platform raised above the ground, on which you can install anything - even benches with tables, even a tennis table, at least a barbecue.

We use profile and square pipes of various sections as materials for the manufacture of frames for verandas and terraces.
The frame of a veranda or terrace can be built on any foundation. The strength and rigidity of the welded frame is such that it will retain its shape on any foundation, be it piles, blocks or a light strip foundation.
In the frame of the veranda and terrace, we pre-provide openings and stiffening ribs that allow us to withstand all possible loads.
Wood is most often used as the material for covering verandas and terraces.
Wood does not conduct heat and cold, so wood is the most comfortable and pleasant to the touch material for covering the frames of terraces and verandas.
Also, both monolithic and cellular polycarbonate are widely used in the cladding of verandas and terraces.
Double-glazed windows are often installed in the openings between the posts of verandas, making this room warmer for use in the off-season.

Construction and cladding of the veranda or terrace frame

Metal frame design for verandas, terraces and gazebos is a set of parts made from a profile pipe, connected to each other by welding. Welding of parts into a solid structure can be done both in our workshop and on site - it depends only on the size of the frame and the installation conditions at the site.

Covering the metal frame of a veranda, terrace, gazebo This is a matter of individual preference, but from a technical point of view it is not difficult. The most pleasant cladding material is wood. Wood does not conduct heat and is pleasant to the touch. But wood is susceptible to moisture and periodically needs processing and painting.
The less the covering of the veranda or terrace comes into contact with rain and snow, the better. That is why terraces and verandas are raised above the ground and have significant roof overhangs.
It is convenient to use polycarbonate for cladding. It also does not conduct cold or heat, does not require painting and has an aesthetic and modern appearance.

Roof of a veranda or gazebo can be single-pitch, gable, hip or arched.
The shape of the roof of the veranda and terrace is an important factor influencing the aesthetics of the entire structure.
The shape of the roof must be chosen based on the size of the veranda and terrace, as well as how this roof will fit into the surrounding environment and be combined with the shape of the roofs of other buildings.
In any case, the veranda and terrace can be made with absolutely any roof shape. The choice of shape is a matter of taste for our customer.
The roofing material of the veranda and terrace can be absolutely anything. The main thing is that it matches the roof of the house and is comfortable. Corrugated sheeting and metal tiles are not very suitable as roofing materials. Corrugated sheets and metal tiles get very hot in the sun, crack due to temperature fluctuations and make a lot of noise when it rains. Polycarbonate - does not create shadows and allows heat to pass through. It can be hot underneath.
Construction time for metal frame verandas or terraces - 3-8 days, depending on the location, installation conditions and features of this particular design.

Foundation for a metal frame veranda and terrace

Verandas and terraces made on a metal welded frame are lightweight, yet strong and rigid structures that are unpretentious to the foundation. The base or foundation on which we build the frames of verandas and terraces can be blocks, piles, a shallow foundation, and sometimes just a well-prepared flat area covered with sand or crushed stone.
Metal frames differ from wooden frames in their particular rigidity and strength. Therefore, on a weak foundation, the metal frame does not deform, does not “play,” but simply tilts slightly, which is usually invisible to the eye and does not in any way affect the consumer qualities of the veranda or terrace frame.

The veranda or terrace should be raised above the ground by 30-60 cm. This ensures the dryness and safety of the wooden cladding and flooring, and prevents the cladding from coming into contact with snow in winter.
We most often install the frames of verandas and terraces on our own pile foundation. These are not screw piles, but they are reliable and inexpensive piles, manufactured and installed using our exclusive technology.

We can make for you a strong and durable metal frame for your veranda and terrace. Both according to your sketches and drawings, and taking into account our experience and best practices.
The metal frame will be made taking into account all your wishes and in the shortest possible time.

Manufacturing and construction of metal frames of verandas and terraces in the village of Pokrovka, Klinsky district, Moscow Region.

If the size of the summer cottage does not allow the construction of a separate guest house for receiving friends and family, the right solution would be to install a summer extension to the main building. And thanks to its simple design, you can make it yourself. A metal veranda is an original version of a summer cottage structure. It will decorate your summer cottage, and its production will not take much time.

Important stages of construction work

Often when creating this type of building, the question arises of what material to use as a basis. And if a wooden or brick frame has already become a common solution for private houses, then metal elements are only gaining popularity.

Users often search:

Of course, a building made of laminated veneer lumber with a log frame at the corners has an attractive appearance and does not require finishing or additional reinforcement.

However, several main advantages of metal construction should be noted:

• durability in use,
• not affected by the external environment and insects,
• strength,
• simplicity and ease of installation.

The construction of such a frame veranda can be done in the shortest possible time and with your own hands, step by step following the instructions and advice of experienced craftsmen.

The main stages of work include:

• design of future construction,
• preparation of necessary materials,
• laying the foundation,
• frame assembly,
• walling,
• roof installation,
• finishing,
• decoration.

And to simplify your task of creating a building, we will consider each of the listed steps in more detail.

Selection of a ready-made project or development of an individual drawing?

Taking into account the requirements of current legislation, the beginning of any construction process implies obtaining permission to carry it out from the relevant services. Otherwise, penalties may be applied to the owner of the site, including demolition of the building. You can look at ready-made drawings of verandas or terraces on the Internet, draw the option you like and take it to the competent organization for approval.

Scheme: metal frame, monolithic or cellular polycarbonate is used as a roof.

If financial possibilities allow, you should immediately contact architects who will independently design the extension, taking into account the wishes of the owners. The big advantage of this solution will be saving time and effort on collecting the required package of papers and standing in queues.

Users often search:

Permitting documentation will be required regardless of whether the extension is created together with the house or separately, after a while.

What materials will be needed?

The range of metal building elements is quite large, but not all are suitable for creating a summer structure.

In order to get a high-quality and budget-friendly product as a result, experts recommend:

1. . They come in square, oval and rectangular shapes. They have thin walls up to 3 mm thick and a width of no more than 30–40 cm. Light in weight. Easily amenable to any type of processing and welding. In addition, they have the following advantages: low price, do not deform under heavy loads, a structure made from this material does not require a monolithic foundation, all installation work can be completed by one person.

   Photo: square and rectangular pipes

2. Metal channels. Often the raw material is steel or aluminum. Channels in cross-section have the shape of the letter “p”. Can be of different lengths. The length of one element can reach 12 m. This type of material is convenient to use as a grillage on screw piles. In addition, they are light in weight, so even one person can assemble such a frame.
3. Metal corners. They are L-shaped beams, the thickness and length of which vary greatly. Depending on the size of the edges, there are equal and non-equal edges on sale. This material is used in installing the rafter system, laying the base and reinforcing the pillars of the structure.
4. Lightweight galvanized profiles. They are based on thin steel sheets. The choice of sizes is varied (thickness ranges from 0.5–4 mm; length reaches 12 m; wall height can be up to 40 cm). It is not recommended to use them as the main material for creating a terrace frame, since under constant load the structure will deform. However, such profiles can be an excellent addition to fencing and rafter systems.

   Photo: lightweight profile made of thin sheet metal

To create a metal veranda, the right solution would be to purchase several different elements at once, which will simplify the assembly process and speed up installation work.

Choosing the right type of foundation

Thanks to the lightweight frame, there is no need to pour a monolithic foundation; a columnar type of foundation or a screw pile is quite suitable.

A step-by-step guide to laying a columnar foundation looks like this:

An important component of each stage of laying the base is checking that all elements are in the same plane using a level.

Otherwise, there is a high probability of distortion of the future structure.

Frame assembly

The optimal size of a terrace area is considered to be 5–6 m in length and 2–3 m in width.

Before starting work, you need to prepare the following tools and materials:

• welding machine;
• iron scarves (have a reinforcing effect on individual structural elements);
• hammer;
• profile pipes with a cross section from 20 to 80 mm;
• workwear;
• protective glasses;
• dielectric gloves.

Installation of the veranda frame is carried out in the following sequence:

If you plan to use the veranda not only in the warm season, you must immediately worry about covering the frame with panels.

Walling

For further work you need to prepare several types of materials. Among them:

The creation of each individual panel looks like this:

Each subsequent unit of wall covering is assembled according to the same pattern.

You can take note of another version of the panels, where monolithic polycarbonate is used as the main material. The fastening elements are thermal washers and rubber seals. However, the tightness of such a structure can be one of the reasons for the appearance of corrosion on metal elements and a reduction in their service life.

Roof installation

When the rafter system is ready, you can begin laying materials or create an additional reinforcing element - a prefabricated truss. In the case of the second option, you need to make two metal belts in the shape of zigzags. They will serve as protection against sagging of the roof.

To get this design you need:

• weld a frame from profile pipes;
• fasten the pipes between the belts, and the angle between them should be within 90 0, but no more than that;
• weld the sheathing with tack welds across the trusses.

It should be noted that this reinforcing element is assembled on the ground and, ready-made, rises to the top of the frame.

The roof can be laid with corrugated sheets or ondulin.

It is important not to forget to attach rubber seals to the profile pipes from the inside before laying them. This is a necessary measure to create good sound insulation.

In this case, each sheet should overlap the other. The main fastening will be galvanized bolts that are resistant to the external environment. And to protect the building from excess moisture and precipitation, the overhangs of the eaves when laying roofing material should protrude an average of 40 cm beyond the perimeter of the frame.

Finishing work

Self-creation of veranda walls in the form of panels requires additional cladding inside and outside the building. Yes, and metal elements are also recommended to be processed, unless the structure is built from galvanized material, so you should purchase a block house, lining or plastic panels in advance. By choosing the desired finishing option, you can easily create an imitation of natural stone or wood.

The sequence of work and the timing of their completion directly depend on the selected type of material.

Siding is in increasing demand.

The main features of working with it are:

1. The use of an unusual type of lathing with only guides - vertical profiles. Thanks to them, the wall panels will be constantly ventilated and will not absorb excess moisture.
2. Finishing starts from bottom to top. The starting point is the starting bar, which must be correctly fixed, since the evenness of the entire surface depends on it.
3. The final element is the finishing profile, which forms a beautiful edge to the structure.
4. It is recommended to purchase all parts of the trim at the same time to avoid discrepancies in the shades of the color scheme.
5. The correctness of fastening of the elements will be indicated by a characteristic click during their installation.
6. When fixing the planks, you need to remember that siding can expand or contract under the influence of temperature and humidity. Therefore, all fastenings must be moderately tight.
7. When choosing colors, preference should be given to light tones, since no matter how bright and high-quality the coating is, over time it will begin to fade and fade.

To treat the metal parts of the veranda, you need to purchase anti-corrosion solutions or paints. However, they should be applied before the roofing material is laid, so that there are no unpainted areas left.

If rust begins to appear periodically, it is necessary to clean the damaged areas each time and re-treat them.

The design can be decorated with forged elements in the form of flowers, ornaments, and abstractions.

In the case of an open construction option, the window and walls can be replaced with light-colored curtains, and climbing plants can be planted around the perimeter of the frame, which will create shade on hot days.

In conclusion, it should be noted that, in addition to the low cost, convenience and speed of installation, the advantages of choosing a frame terrace made of metal include the ability to replace its individual parts without harm to the entire structure, and to reinforce the ceiling without using outside help.

The veranda allows you to profitably expand the useful space of a residential building. In a properly constructed and well-equipped extension, you can comfortably spend time both in the warm and cold seasons.

It is best to build the extension so that it covers the entrance door to the main house. Therefore, you will not be able to build a veranda on any desired side of the already finished main building. Otherwise, the veranda will be separated from the main building and you will have to enter it from across the street.

The dimensions of the extension are selected individually. For a family of 3-6 people, a veranda measuring 3x4 m is enough. It is also important to take into account the general view from the street. For example, if you live in a large two- or even three-story house, and the veranda is very small, the overall architectural ensemble will turn out to be inharmonious. For compact houses, you can safely add verandas the width of the entire wall of the main building - it looks great.

Important note! Regardless of the chosen dimensions and the overall features of the extension, its construction must first be legalized. To do this, you must have a project on hand. You can find it in open sources or order it from a specialized company.

Take your project to your local architectural department. Department employees will study your project, make the necessary changes and issue a permit. Keep in mind that on average it takes about 2-3 months to review and approve a project, so it is best to resolve this issue in the winter, before the start of the construction season.

Construction site marking

We are starting to prepare our construction site.

First step. We remove about 150 mm of the top layer of soil from the perimeter of the future building and take it to the flower beds, vegetable garden or other place.

Second step. Align the resulting depression.

Third step. We carry out the markings. First, focusing on the project, we drive in metal or wooden pins at the corners of the site, then in the same way we drive in intermediate pegs every 1-1.5 m, and then we pull a rope between the pins. We will use it to guide us in the process of arranging the foundation.

Making the foundation

Most often, verandas are built on columnar or strip type foundations. The depth of the support is assumed to be equal to the depth of the foundation of the main house. It is strongly not recommended to connect the main support to the foundation of the extension, because these structures will have widely varying weights. Consequently, the degree of their shrinkage will also vary. To prevent a heavy house from dragging down a relatively light extension, the latter must be built on a separate foundation. To do this, leave approximately a 3-4 cm gap between the foundations.

Important point! When choosing the type of foundation, consider, first of all, the soil characteristics in your region and the total mass of the veranda. For the construction of heavy structures on heaving soils, monolithic ones are best suited. Lightweight structures, for example, made of wood, can be built on columnar supports.

Tape base

A strip-type foundation is optimally suited for the further construction of a veranda on it from building blocks or bricks. The thickness of the base, as already noted, is maintained equal to the thickness of the foundation of the house. If this is a new building, keep the thickness at 70-80 cm.

First step. We dig a trench around the perimeter of the walls of the extension.

Second step. We level the bottom and walls of the trench using wooden boards or panels to the height of the future concrete support.

Third step. We successively fill the bottom of the trench with a 10-centimeter layer of sand and the same layer of crushed stone, making sure to compact each ball of backfill.

Fourth step. We lay a reinforcing mesh of 10-12 mm bars. The recommended mesh size is 10x10 cm. This way the base will be as strong as possible.

Fifth step. We pour concrete prepared from a portion of cement, three portions of sand, 4-5 portions of crushed stone and water.

Carefully level the fill and leave it to dry and gain strength for 3-4 weeks. In hot weather, we pour concrete every day to prevent it from cracking.

Columnar base

Perfect for a veranda made of timber or polycarbonate. It is recommended to make holes for posts with a depth of 80-110 cm. If the veranda is small (up to about 3x4 m), it will be enough to install supports in the corners. However, professional builders recommend installing intermediate posts for any size veranda. We maintain the distance between supports within 0.8-1 m.

First step. We dig holes in the places where the pillars will be poured. The most convenient way to do this is with a drill.

Second step. We fill the bottom of each depression with a 15-20 cm layer of sand. Additionally, it is recommended to pour approximately 10 cm of crushed stone. We compact each layer.

Third step. Pour the concrete to the ground level and let it harden.

Fourth step. We coat the finished concrete supports with bitumen.

Fifth step. We fill the gaps between the ground and the supports with sand.

Sixth step. We erect the above-ground part of the pillars from brick. We make the height equal to the height of the foundation of the main house.

Making a subfloor

The floor can be wooden or concrete. For example, in a frame veranda made of wooden beams, a wooden floor would be more appropriate. Concrete pouring will best fit into a brick extension.

We make a wooden subfloor like this:

• We fix the beam of the lower trim on the foundation. We use suitable fasteners, for example, anchors. To connect the beams directly, we first make samples at the places of their joints and additionally fasten them with galvanized nails;
• We attach wooden logs to the bottom trim. We keep the step at 50 cm - this way the floor will definitely not fall through. We use the connection option described above;
• fill the space between the joists with expanded clay;
• We make the flooring from unedged boards or plywood about 50 mm thick. We attach the flooring elements to the joists with galvanized nails or self-tapping screws.

We make a concrete screed like this:

• fill the base with a 10-centimeter layer of sand;
• pour a layer on top;
• lay the reinforcing mesh. For the floor of the veranda, a mesh of rods with a diameter of 6-8 mm with cells of 25x25 cm is sufficient;
• pour concrete.

Important! The screed should be as even as possible. We carry out the work with the obligatory use of a level.

Building a wooden veranda

Basic properties of the material

Wood is one of the most popular and ancient building materials. Even after the appearance on the market of all kinds of blocks and other low-cost and easy-to-arrange elements, wood practically did not lose ground.

Almost anyone can handle the construction of a simple frame wooden veranda. You just need to properly mount the frame posts and cover them with shields, clapboard or other suitable material.

The undeniable advantages of wood are its environmental friendliness, beautiful appearance and relatively low weight. The latter property allows you to abandon the construction of expensive and difficult to construct foundations.

The main disadvantage of a wooden veranda is its fire hazard - installing a barbecue in such an extension or in the immediate vicinity of it is a very important undertaking that requires taking into account many nuances and details. Therefore, it is better to move the source of fire somewhere further outside the wooden veranda.

Another significant disadvantage of wood is its poor tolerance to high humidity, which is why the material requires serious pre-treatment with special ones. Without such preparation, the wood will rot very quickly.

Construction order

To build the frame, we use high-quality wooden beams with a cross-section of 100x100 mm. We already have the bottom trim and subfloor, so we continue to work, adhering to the instructions below.

First step. We cut grooves in the beam of the lower trim for installing vertical supports. We maintain a half-meter step.

Second step. We install vertical racks. To fasten the frame elements we use staples and screws or nails.

Important! The roof of our veranda, as noted, will be sloping. Therefore, we make the vertical beam installed at the bottom point of the slope 50 cm below the opposite posts.

Third step. We mount the beam of the upper trim. On higher racks no questions will arise - we perform the connections in exactly the same way as in the previous stages.

When installing the strapping of lower supports, we do the following: first we connect the pillars longitudinally with a strapping beam, and then we fix the transverse crossbars connecting the high and low posts at the height of the low posts. We fasten the crossbars to the high posts using pre-created samples and nails.

Fourth step. The top trim is ready. The resulting slope will allow us to lay the rafters for the roof. Additionally, we nail a girder near the roof slope. To fasten the beam to all supports, we use anchor bolts. For greater reliability, it is recommended to fasten the strapping beams with transverse boards or beams, if possible and necessary (we focus on the weight of the future roofing material). We will attach racks and struts to them for greater strength of the rafter system.

Fifth step. We install in increments of 50 cm. For this we use a wooden beam with a section of 100x200 mm. We connect structural elements using any of the previously discussed methods.

Sixth step. We cover the frame. Lining is perfect for interior cladding, and siding or other material for exterior cladding. We lay layers of hydro- and thermal insulation between the external and internal cladding materials. We attach the film to the frame. The position of the insulation is fixed by transverse slats. The finishing material is also attached to them. When covering, do not forget to leave openings for windows and doors.

Prices for various types of timber

Brick verandas

Basic information about building materials

Brick is excellent for constructing permanent verandas. A building made from this material will be cool in the summer and, provided the insulation is properly insulated, warm in the winter. Brickwork is durable, fireproof and easy to maintain.

The main disadvantage of a brick building is its heavy weight. Such structures are built exclusively on , which does not have the best effect on the total cost of construction.

The procedure for constructing a veranda

The foundation is ready and waterproofed, the screed is poured, the base is level and does not require any additional preparatory measures. Let's start laying out the walls.

We first select the appropriate type of masonry. The simplest options, perfect for constructing a veranda yourself, are as follows:

• spoon masonry. The final wall thickness will be 120 mm;
• bonded masonry. Wall thickness – 250 mm;
• chain laying. Allows you to obtain walls with a thickness of 380 mm.

First step. We attach a mooring cord to two opposite ends of the foundation with a tie. It should run along the edge of the base.

Second step. We place the corner bricks along the cord, and then fill the space between them in accordance with the chosen masonry method. To fasten building elements we use standard cement mortar.

Third step. We check the evenness of the first row and similarly lay out the walls to the required height, not forgetting to leave openings for doors and windows.

Important! will be inclined, so we make the wall at the bottom of the slope, as well as the side walls adjacent to it, a row lower compared to the wall supporting the top of the roof.

Having laid out the last row of walls, we arrange an armored belt. To do this, we fix formwork about 70 mm high on each wall along the upper surface of the walls, place anchor bolts in the corners, lay reinforcing bars and pour concrete.

We let the concrete harden, and then attach a strapping of wooden beams with a section of 10x10 cm to the anchor bolts. The further procedure for arranging the rafter system remains similar to the situation with

If the veranda is planned to be used throughout the year, the walls can be laid in two rows, filling the gap between the rows with thermal insulation material. With single masonry, insulation, moisture insulation and interior finishing are carried out by analogy with a wooden veranda. Exterior decoration is at your discretion. You can simply carefully unstitch the seams and call it a day.

Prices for construction and facing bricks

Construction and facing bricks

Making a veranda roof

And the rafters are installed. All that remains is to make the sheathing, install the insulating layers and lay the finishing roofing material.

The lathing can be solid (for rolled materials) and sparse (for sheet roofing). We make continuous sheathing from OSB boards. To do this, we attach them to the rafters with a 1-centimeter gap. We fasten the sparse sheathing beams at a pitch recommended by the manufacturer of the selected roofing material. On average, it is 30-35 cm. To attach the sheathing to the rafters, we use galvanized nails or self-tapping screws.

We fill the cells between the sheathing beams with mineral wool for thermal insulation. We lay a waterproofing film on top and attach it to the sheathing using a stapler with staples. In the case of arranging a continuous sheathing, we fix the thermal insulation from the inside of the room. We secure the insulation boards using transverse slats, nailing them to the sheathing.

Finally, all that remains is to mount. It is better that it matches the roof covering of the main house. For the rest, we focus on our preferences and available budget.

Finishing the floor

If the subfloor is wooden, we lay insulation in the space between them and fill the flooring from edged boards to the joists. We paint and varnish the boards.

You can also install a boardwalk on top of the concrete screed, similar to the previous method, or lay another material of your choice, for example, linoleum.

Finally, all that remains is the doors, furnishing at your discretion and connecting lighting if necessary. We won't pull the wiring. It is enough to remove the extension cord from the house and turn on the necessary lighting fixtures.

Good luck!

Video - DIY veranda

When arranging the territory of a private house, the owner wants each square to have a large functional load and an attractive appearance. In addition, a house outside the city is a great opportunity to take a break from the bustle of the city. The terrace will allow you to get closer to nature by becoming part of it - an open-air summer area where you can enjoy nature or gather friends in the fresh air at one large table.

During construction, the main limitation is financial capabilities. As for building materials, you can use wood, brick or blocks, but the metal frame is especially popular, earning trust due to its ease of assembly and durability of the structure. How to attach a metal terrace to a house? It’s not difficult, because you don’t need any special skills to create a recreation area.

Types and features of terraces

As mentioned earlier, the terrace is a summer recreation area where you can enjoy the rustling of trees, the singing of birds and the beauty of the surrounding nature. Before you begin construction, you need to remember that the terrace has some features, namely:

• It should be open and unheated.
• The terrace can be attached to the main building or placed separately.
• The terrace can exist without a fence or canopy (roof).
• The shape and size of the site is limited only by the size of the site and financial condition.

Thanks to the knowledge gained, you can view photo collections with ready-made options and choose one of them. By contacting a specialized construction company, you can receive a detailed diagram and plan for the future construction, after which the terrace will be built according to the approved layout.

Metal terrace frame: materials

In order for the terrace to meet expectations, have an attractive appearance and meet the allocated budget, you need to carefully approach the choice of rolled metal products. For construction you will need profile pipes, angles, channels and profiles. How to choose them? Let's figure it out.

Profile pipe

Hollow pipes of oval, rectangular and square shapes have become popular among homeowners, because with their help it is easier than ever to assemble a frame for a summer area. The design will have a high level of strength and minimal weight.

Metal pipes are easy to process, so they can be cut, bent, welded, or created decorative elements. Advantages of a profile pipe for creating a frame:

• Light weight.
• Easy to install.
• There is no need to create a monolithic foundation.
• You can create a design of any shape and complexity.
• Not subject to deformation.

Metal channels

A channel is a rolled metal product that resembles the letter “P” in cross-section. For the production of products, steel or aluminum is used, since both materials are lightweight and allow you to create several configurations depending on the width of the channel. The product length ranges from 4 to 12 meters, so the channel can be used as a grillage on a screw or pile foundation.

Galvanized profile

The product is thin sheet steel, the thickness of which ranges from 0.5 to 3.5 millimeters. The height of the walls is no more than 0.4 meters, the length is from 6 to 12 meters in increments of 1 meter. This material can withstand heavy loads, however, it is used only to create a fence or rafter system. The profile is not used as a frame, since under constant load it can deform.

Metal corners

“L”-shaped beams have different widths and lengths up to 12 meters. Angles are divided into two types - equal and non-equal, depending on whether its edges are the same. When creating a metal terrace, they are used as a base for a frame, strengthening the rafter system and racks. In general, all metal products have the following advantages: low price, strength and durability, ease of use and processing.

How to assemble the frame of a metal terrace attached to a house?

A metal terrace, like any other construction project, needs a drawing, design and careful development. First of all, you need to find out from the local architectural department what documents need to be prepared and approved in order for the construction to be legalized. It is better to order the project from professionals, because the quality of the assembly depends on it. If all the preparatory stages and procedures have been completed, then only one thing remains - to assemble the frame and canopy for the metal terrace attached to the house.

Preparing the base

The metal frame is lightweight, so you can use pillars or a pile foundation as a base:

• Clear and level the area, treat the area with chemical solutions, stopping subsequent root growth. Level the soil by removing the turf and top layer.
• Mark with pegs and a stretched cord.
• Dig deep holes for supports (depth of soil freezing, shock-absorbing layers - sand and crushed stone).
• Install pillars or piles.
• Waterproof the ends of reinforced concrete pillars located at the same level by wrapping them with roofing felt.
• Fill the cavities between the pillars with construction waste, compact them and fill them with concrete, waiting for complete drying (2-3 weeks).

Frame assembly

First of all, you need to prepare auxiliary equipment, namely:

• Hammer.
• Welding machine.
• Profile pipes of different sections.
• Iron scarves.
• Protective equipment: shoes, gloves and glasses.

Stages of work:

• Place a grillage (perforated channel) on top of the pillars; the ends of the rod are bent and placed inside the grillage.
• Reliably weld the channels.
• Weld profile pipes (diameter 80 mm) along the perimeter or protruding parts, acting as racks for the canopy. To add a terrace to a house, it is best to choose a pitched roof structure.
• Using a corner, make the top trim.

Assembling the rafter system

Profile pipes with a cross-section of 20-40 millimeters (sheathing) must be welded onto the frame from the corners. You can use flexible tiles as a roofing material, or you can make a common roof with a private house, covering the terrace with the same material. If the roof is large, then it needs to be strengthened by making a prefabricated truss from two metal belts connected in a zigzag. It is also worth remembering that steel is a metal that is susceptible to corrosion. For protection, you need to use galvanized metal or a special paint that is used to treat the entire metal of the terrace.