Indeclinable nouns. Declension of nouns in -МЯ. The letter E in the suffix -EN- of nouns ending in -MYA. Nouns in me

You already know the types of declensions of nouns, you know that there are indeclinable nouns. And there is also a group of nouns that “manage” to change according to different types of declension. These “capricious” nouns and the peculiarities of their declension will be discussed in the lesson.

Topic: Noun

Lesson: Indeclinable nouns. Declension of nouns in -МЯ. The letter E in the suffix -EN- of nouns ending in -MYA.

1. The concept of indeclinable nouns.

The peculiarity of differently indeclinable nouns is clear from the name: they are inflected differently, i.e. they cannot be attributed to any one type of declension.

Variable nouns include:

Ten nouns starting with -mya: burden, time, stirrup, seed, udder, name, banner, crown, flame, tribe;

Masculine noun path;

Neuter noun child.

2. Features of the declension of differently indeclinable nouns.

Indeclinable nouns have the following features:

1. In genitive, dative and prepositional cases singular they have an ending - And, like nouns of the 3rd declension.

Table 1. Ending I in indeclinable nouns

2. In the instrumental case the singular number has the ending - eat, as in the 2nd declension.

Table 2. The ending EM in differently inflected nouns

3. Nouns begin with - in all forms except nominative and accusative cases singular, suffix appears en or yong

Table 3. Suffix EN in differently indeclinable nouns

Table 4. Declension of differently indeclinable nouns in the plural

The noun is masculine path case forms of the 3rd declension are observed, with the exception of the instrumental case of the singular, which is characterized by the form of the 2nd declension.

Table 5. Noun Declension path

Noun child:

In the singular, it retains the archaic form of declension:

In the instrumental case plural has an ending - mi:

Table 6. Declension of a noun child

Bibliography

Russian language. 6th grade: Baranov M.T. and others - M.: Education, 2008.
Russian language. Theory. 5-9 grades: V.V. Babaytseva, L.D. Chesnokova - M.: Bustard, 2008.
Russian language. 6th grade: ed. MM. Razumovskaya, P.A. Lekanta - M.: Bustard, 2010.

About indeclinable nouns ().
Hi-edu.ru ().

Homework

1. Exercise No. 1.

Make up phrases using inflectible nouns ending in -my as dependent words. Don't repeat yourself!

Laws

Color

Origin

A loss

2. Exercise No. 2.

Correct the errors in the following sentences:

Time was running out.

Don't you have time to talk?

How long has it been?

And cases. Previously there were six declensions, but now there are three. Let us dwell briefly on the main three declensions of nouns in order to understand their features. We will consider the singular number, because v has many of its own peculiarities when declination. Only after this can you quickly and easily understand what indeclinable nouns are.

IN high school students already know that the first declension includes nouns in the singular, masculine, feminine and general gender, in the nominative case, ending in - a and - z.

For example: mother, wall, share, uncle, young man, earth.

I.P. wall

R.P. walls

D.P. wall

V.P. wall

T.P. wall

P.P. about the wall

The second declension includes singular, neuter nouns in which the word ends with the letters - o and - e (field, window, mood) and masculine nouns without an ending (horse, ray, law, light). The second declension of a noun in the instrumental case has the ending - eat or - om.

I.P. mood

R.P. mood

D.P. mood

V.P. mood

T.P. mood

P.P. about mood

The third declension includes feminine nouns that do not have an ending or with soft sign at the end. For example: horse, steppe, daughter, mother.

I.P. mother

R.P. mother

D.P. mother

V.P. mother

T.P. mother

P.P. about mother

Third declension nouns in the prepositional, dative and retain the ending - and.

Indeclinable nouns - These are ancient words whose case endings are characteristic of different declensions. There are very few such words. These include the masculine noun - path, the word-child and words of the neuter gender:

Name Flame
Time Banner
Udder Tribe
Burden Stirrup
Crown Seed

When they are declined, the suffix - en is added in all cases, except for the instrumental case. Words ending in - in the singular use the rules of the third declension.

In the plural and instrumental case, these words follow the rules of the second declension.

Unit number / Plural number

I.P. tribe/tribes

R.P. tribe/tribes

D.P. tribe/tribes

V.P. tribe/tribes

T.P. tribe/tribes

P.P. about tribe / about tribes

The word way in is declined according to the second declension, in other cases - according to the third.

Indeclinable nouns have features that are important for all students to know:

In the plural, in all cases, the suffix is added - en names, names, about names).
In the singular, in all cases except the nominative and accusative, the suffix - en (of the seed, burden, crown, about the crown) is added.
In the plural of the words seed and stirrup in the genitive case, add the suffix - yan (seeds, stirrups).
In the singular, in the instrumental case, the suffix - eat is added, and the words are declined as in the second declension (tribe, seed).
In the singular in the dative, prepositional and genitive cases, words end in - and are declined according to the rules of the 3rd declension (about the banner, there is no udder, to the name).
The word path has the ending - eat in the singular and instrumental case (by way).
The word child in the plural, in the instrumental case, ends in - mi (children).

The differently inflected nouns path and child in the singular change in a special way, and this must be remembered.

I.P. way, child

R.P. way, child

D.P. the way, child

V.P. the way, child

T.P. way, child

P.P. about the path, about the child

In the plural, the differently inflected nouns children and stirrups have their own nuances.

I.P. children, stirrups

R.P. children, stirrups

D.P. for children, stirrups

V.P. children, stirrups

T.P. children, stirrups

P.P. about children, about stirrups

Taking into account exceptions to the rules, when declension of differently indeclinable nouns, you can avoid simple mistakes when writing dictations and essays.

Indeclinable nouns

Nouns that combine different types of declension in one paradigm. Burden, time, udder, banner, name, flame, tribe, seed, stirrup and crown (also have different bases in the nominative and indirect cases); path. These words have the endings of nouns of the 3rd declension in the genitive, dative and prepositional cases, and the endings of nouns of the 2nd declension (according to the school classification) in the instrumental case.

Dictionary-reference book linguistic terms. Ed. 2nd. - M.: Enlightenment. Rosenthal D. E., Telenkova M. A.. 1976 .

See what “indeclinable nouns” are in other dictionaries:

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§ 1 The concept of indeclinable nouns

In this lesson we will look at different indeclinable nouns, find out why they are called that way, and identify characteristics Declension of nouns.

Surely you are familiar with “The Tale of Lost Times…”?

What letter should we write at the end of the word?

Will knowledge of declinations help us with this?

Let us remember that all nouns in the Russian language can be divided into 3 groups according to their type of declension.

The 1st declension includes masculine feminine nouns with endings -A or -Я (mother, uncle, spring).

The 2nd declension includes masculine nouns with a zero ending and neuter nouns ending in -O or -E (wind, field, village).

The 3rd declension includes only feminine nouns with b at the end. (steppe, daughter, night).

Consequently, all nouns of the same declension will have the same endings.

But there are words that, when changed according to cases, take endings from different declensions. Hence the name “differently inclined”.

There are only 11 such words:

These are 10 neuter nouns in -MYA (burden, time, udder, banner, name, flame, tribe, seed, stirrup, crown) and one masculine noun - path.

1. Nouns ending in -МЯ in all cases, except nominative and accusative, in the singular have a -men at the end of the stem, for example: time, name.

2. In the genitive, dative, prepositional cases of the singular, these nouns end in -I (like nouns of the third declension). For example: flame

3. The nouns burden, udder, flame, crown - do not have a plural.

The remaining six words are inflected in the plural according to the second declension; only the words seed, stirrup in the genitive plural have the form in -YAN. For example: seeds, stirrups.

The noun PATH has a 3rd declension ending (as in the word NIGHT), except for the form Tp. units (as in the word HORSE).

R.p. PATH ending 3rd declination

D.p. PATH ending 3rd declination

etc. WAY ending 2nd declension

P.p. PATH ending 3rd declination

§ 2 Brief conclusions on the topic of the lesson

Let's return to our fairy tale. What letter should be written at the end of the noun in the title of the famous “Tale of Lost Times...”?

Now you can easily determine that this is the letter I, since the differently inflected nouns in P.p have the same endings as nouns of the 3rd declension.

So, in this lesson you got acquainted with indeclinable nouns. These include 10 neuter words starting with -MYA and the masculine word PATH.

They are called so because when declensional they acquire endings of 3rd and 2nd declensions.

Well, to make it easier to understand these words, memorize the poem:

There is a story about a tribe.

Only in the spring will the time come,

The tribe peacefully sows the seed,

Although plowing and sowing is a burden. But their leader is a foot in the stirrup,

Having stuck a feather on the crown,

He raised the banner above himself,

Fans the flames of discord:

The cow has a full udder.

Papuan needs a name

Compose for my son

And milk the cow. Summons everyone again

Don't work - fight.

But the tribe doesn’t want to again

Shedding blood in vain.

A peaceful path is dearer to everyone...

Don't forget our fairy tale!

List of used literature:

T.A. Ladyzhenskaya, M.T. Baranov. Russian language. 6th grade. 2012
N.G. Goltsova. Russian language grades 10-11. 2012
V.V. Babaytseva. Russian language. Theory. 5-9 grade. 2012
G.A. Bogdanov. Russian language lessons in 6th grade. 2012

Images used:

To the question words ending in mya asked by the author Skip the best answer is burden
time
udder
banner
flame
tribe
seed
stirrup
crown
Name
These are 10 nouns that are taught at school in the 5th grade - exceptions for declension.
In addition, there are complex words - derivatives of these 10:
flaxseed
macroname
half name
spacetime
nickname
event-time
TV time
echo time
As a rule, in school in the 5th grade they do not talk about these complex words.
There are two more nouns starting with -mya, which are probably studied and passed in institutes:
11. A little-known word PREGNANCY, which, nevertheless, is in modern spelling dictionaries.
This word means:
11.1. Modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by T. F. Efremova - "PREGNANCY"
pregnancy [pregnancy] cf. outdated 1) A large armful, a bundle. 2) The same as: many.
11.2. Dictionary living Great Russian language by V. Dahl - "BEREMYA"
and. burden, heaviness, burden; armful, as much as you can hug with your hands; a bundle of something for a man's rise. Pregnant children, pregnant with things to do, a lot, barely possible. She doesn’t carry her own burden, she doesn’t take on her home. Different times - different burdens. Pregnancy is a difficult time. This man cares for nothing. It was time - there was only one pregnancy left. Being on time is not a burden. Burden, pregnancy, more in volume. meaning burden, pack; burden, heaviness, *burden; a load, everything that oppresses, presses, burdens. Pregnant for arson, everything will burn. The burdens are not comfortable to wear, they are too strong. The family burden depresses him. Burdensome, burdensome, heavy, heavy; burdensome, aggravating. To burden someone with what, to impose a load, a burden, a burden; burden, aggravate, depress, trouble; oppress, oppress; to be burdened; to be burdened; be aggravated. To be burdened with something, over something, to lay a burden. An unbearable burden weighs on. Are you not burdened with this assignment? The hand of fate weighs on me, weighs me down. Burdened, burdened, bearing a burden; burden bearer m. burden bearer f. on whom lies the burden, burden or labor. Pregnant, church burdened, among the people sometimes burdened, not idle, not empty, with a burden, with profit, samadruga, belly, pregnant. They say about animals: mare, donkey, camel, doe: berezha, zhereb, suzhereb; cow, buffalo, fallow deer, walrus, female elephant: pregnant; sheep, goat, saiga: suyagnya; pig, bear, badger, hedgehog: pregnant; bitch, fox, wolf, female seal: puppies; cat, lynx, lioness, hare: cloth; the opposite of this: barren, walking, idle. A pregnant woman does not become a godfather; her godson will die. Quirky, like a pregnant lady. I felt like I was pregnant. Pregnancy w. pregnant woman's condition; it's time, it's time. To become pregnant, to become pregnant. To become pregnant, to conceive, to bear.
11.3. Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by D. N. Ushakov - "PREGNANCY"
pregnancy, plural no, cf. (region) . Armful. Carrying firewood.
12. The little-used word POLYMYA, which, nevertheless, is in modern spelling dictionaries.
This word means:
12.1. Modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by T. F. Efremova - "POLYMYA"
fire [fire] cf. adv. -poet. Same as: flame.
12.2. Explanatory dictionary of the living Great Russian language by V. Dahl - "POLYMYA"
and. eastern blaze, flame. Out of the frying pan into the fire. The fire flared up. Fire from the nostrils, steam (smoke) from the ears. From rain it does not turn into water, from fire it does not turn into fire.
In addition to nouns, there are other parts of speech in -mya:
- adverbs:
rhyme
livmya
swearing
sitting
during
lying down
trembling
standing up
screaming
sticking out
flat
swarming
- Cardinal numbers:
two, three, four and others, at the end of which they stand (twenty-two, forty-three) in the instrumental case
two, three, four, twenty-two, forty-three, etc., etc. - there is an infinite number of these cardinal numbers :)