Pressure reducer breathing apparatus with compressed air. Breathing apparatus with compressed air, their purpose and components. Exceptional comfort at work

The apparatus (Fig. 3.23) includes: suspension system 1, cylinder with valve 2, reducer 3, hose with lung valve 4, panoramic mask 5, capillary with alarm device 6, adapter 7, rescue device 8.

Rice. 3.23 . General structure of the PTS “PROFI” breathing apparatus:

1- suspension system; 2- cylinder with valve; 3- gearbox; 4- hose with lung valve; 5- panoramic mask; 6- capillary with a signaling device; 7- adapter; 8- rescue device

Hanging system(Fig. 3.24) serves for fastening systems and components of the device on it and consists of a plastic back 1, a system of belts: shoulder 2, end 3, secured to the back with buckles 4, waist 5 with a quick-release adjustable buckle.

Lodgment 6 serves as a support for the cylinder. The cylinder is secured using a cylinder belt 7 with a special buckle.

Rice. 3.24. Suspension system of the breathing apparatus PTS "PROFI":

1- plastic back; 2- shoulder straps; 3-end belts;

4- buckles; 5-waist belt; 6- lodgement; 7-ball belt with special buckle

Balloon designed for storing a working supply of compressed air. Depending on the model of the device, steel and metal-composite cylinders can be used.

The neck of the cylinder has a conical thread through which a shut-off valve is screwed into the cylinder. On the cylindrical part of the cylinder there is the inscription “AIR 29.4 MPa” (Fig. 3.25).

Rice. 3.25. Cylinder for storing a working supply of compressed air

Cylinder valve(Fig. 3.26) consists of a body 1, a tube 2, a valve 3 with an insert, a block 4, a spindle 5, a stuffing box nut 6, a handwheel 7, a spring 8, a nut 9 and a plug 10.

The tightness of the valve is ensured by washers 11 and 12. Washers 12 and 13 reduce friction between the spindle collar, the end of the handwheel and the ends of the stuffing box nut when the handwheel rotates.

Rice. 3.26 . Cylinder valve:

1- body; 2- tube; 3- valve with insert; 4- cracker; 5- spindle; 6- gland nut; 7- handwheel; 8- spring; 9- nut; 10- plug; 11, 12, 13- washers

The tightness of the valve at the junction with the cylinder is ensured by fluoroplastic sealing material (FUM-2).

When the handwheel rotates clockwise, the valve, moving along the threads in the valve body, is pressed by the insert against the seat and closes the channel through which air flows from the cylinder to the reducer. When the handwheel rotates counterclockwise, the valve moves away from the seat and opens the channel.

Operating principle of the PTS device "PROFI"

The device operates according to an open breathing pattern (Fig. 3.27) with exhalation into the atmosphere and operates as follows:

Rice. 3.27. Schematic diagram of the operation of the PTS “PROFI” device:

1- valve (valve); 2- cylinder(s); 3- collector; 4- filter; 5- gearbox; 6- safety valve; 7- hose; 8- adapter; 9- valve; 10- lung machine; 11- mask; 12- glass; 13- inhalation valves; 14- exhalation valve; 15-valve box; 16-high pressure capillary tube; 17- pressure gauge; 18- hose; 19- whistle; 20-signal device; A - high pressure cavity; B - cavity of reduced pressure; B - mask cavity; G - breathing cavity; D- pulmonary valve cavity

when valve(s) 1 is opened, air under high pressure flows from the cylinder(s) 2 into the manifold 3 (if any) and filter 4 of the reducer 5, into the high pressure cavity A and, after reduction, into the reduced pressure cavity B. The reducer maintains a constant reduced pressure in cavity B regardless of changes in inlet pressure.

If the reducer malfunctions and the reduced pressure increases, safety valve 6 is activated.

From cavity B of the reducer, air flows through hose 7 into the lung demand valve 10 or into the adapter 8 (if available) and then through the hose 7 into the lung demand valve 10. Rescue device 21 is connected through valve 9.

The pulmonary demand valve ensures the maintenance of a given excess pressure in cavity D. When inhaling, air from cavity D of the pulmonary demand valve is supplied to cavity B of the mask 11. The air, blowing the glass 12, prevents it from fogging. Next, through the inhalation valves 13, air enters cavity G for breathing.

When you exhale, the inhalation valves close, preventing exhaled air from reaching the glass. To exhale air into the atmosphere, the exhalation valve 14, located in the valve box 15, opens. The exhalation valve with a spring allows you to maintain a given excess pressure in the submask space.

To monitor the air supply in the cylinder, air from the high-pressure cavity A flows through the high-pressure capillary tube 16 into the pressure gauge 17, and from the low-pressure cavity B through the hose 18 to the whistle 19 of the signaling device 20. When the working air supply in the cylinder is exhausted, the whistle is turned on, warning with an audible signal about the need to immediately exit to a safe area.

Purpose, design and principle of operation of the gearbox of the PTS “PROFI” device

Gearbox(Fig. 3.28) is designed to convert high (primary) air pressure in the cylinder in the range of 29.4-1.0 MPa to a constant low (secondary) pressure in the range of 0.7-0.85 MPa. A reverse-acting piston reducer with a balanced pressure reducing valve makes it possible to stabilize the secondary pressure when the primary pressure varies over a wide range.

Rice. 3.28. Diagram of the gearbox of the PTS “PROFI” device:

1- body; 2- eye; 3- insert; 4, 5 - sealing rings; 6- body; 7- saddle; 8- pressure reducing valve; 9- nut; 10- washer; 11- piston; 12- rubber sealing ring; 13, 14- springs; 15- adjusting nut; 16- locking screw; 17- housing lining; 18- fitting; 19- sealing ring; 20- screw for connecting the capillary; 21- fitting for connecting an adapter or hose; 22- fitting; 23- coupling; 24- filter; 25- screw; 26, 27- O-rings

The gearbox consists of a housing 1 with an eye 2 for attaching the gearbox to the back, an insert 3 with sealing rings 4 and 5, a housing 6 with a seat 7, a pressure reducing valve 8, on which a piston 11 with a rubber sealing ring 12 is attached using a nut 9 and a washer 10 , springs 13 and 14, adjusting nut 15 and locking screw 16.

A lining 17 is put on the gear housing to prevent contamination. The gear housing has a fitting 18 with an O-ring 19 and a screw 20 for connecting the capillary, and a fitting 21 for connecting an adapter or hose.

A fitting 22 with a coupling 23 is screwed into the gearbox housing for connection to the cylinder valve. A filter 24 is installed in the fitting, secured with a screw 25. The tightness of the connection between the fitting and the body is ensured by an o-ring 26. The tightness of the connection between the valve and the gearbox is ensured by an o-ring 27.

The design of the gearbox provides safety valve, (Fig. 3.29.) which consists of a valve seat 28, a valve 29, a spring 30, a guide 31 and a lock nut 32. The valve seat is screwed into the gearbox piston. The tightness of the connection is ensured by O-ring 33.

In the absence of pressure in the gearbox, the piston, under the action of springs, is in its extreme position, while the pressure reducing valve is open.

When the cylinder valve is open, high-pressure air enters the gearbox chamber and creates pressure under the piston, the magnitude of which depends on the degree of compression of the springs. In this case, the piston together with the pressure reducing valve moves, compressing the springs until a balance is established between the air pressure on the piston and the compression force of the springs, and the gap between the seat and the pressure reducing valve is closed.

When you inhale, the pressure under the piston decreases, the piston with the pressure reducing valve moves under the action of springs, creating a gap between the seat and the valve, ensuring the flow of air under the piston and further into the lung demand valve. By rotating nut 15, the amount of reduced pressure is adjusted. During normal operation of the gearbox, the safety valve 29 is pressed against the valve seat 28 by the force of the spring 30.

Rice. 3.29. Reducer safety valve:

28- valve seat; 29- valve; 30- spring; 31- guide; 32- locknut; 33- o-ring

When the reduced pressure increases above the set value, the valve, overcoming the resistance of the spring, moves away from the seat, and the air from the reducer cavity escapes into the atmosphere. By rotating guide 31, the response pressure of the safety valve is adjusted.

Front part of PTS “Obzor”

The front part is designed to protect the respiratory system and vision from exposure to toxic and smoky environments and to connect the human respiratory tract with the lung demand valve (Fig. 3.30).

Rice. 3.30. Front part “Overview”:

1- body; 2- glass; 3- half-holder; 4- screws; 5- nuts; 6- intercom; 7- clamp; 8-valve box with a socket for a plug connection with a pulmonary valve; 9- clamp; 10- screw; 11- spring; 12- button; 13- exhalation valve; 14- hardness disc; 15- overpressure spring; 16- cover; 17- screws; 18- headband; 19- frontal strap; 20 - two temple straps; 21 - two back straps; 22, 23- buckles; 24- submask; 25- inhalation valves; 26- bracket; 27- nut; 28- washer; 29 neck strap

The front part of the PTS "Obzor" consists of a body 1 with glass 2, secured using half-clips 3 with screws 4 with nuts 5, an intercom 6, secured with a clamp 7 and a valve box 8, with a socket for a plug connection with a lung governed demand valve.

The valve box is attached to the body using a clamp 9 with a screw 10. The fixation of the pulmonary valve in the valve box is ensured by spring 11. The pulmonary valve is disconnected from the valve box by pressing button 12. The valve box is equipped with an exhalation valve 13 with a stiffness disk 14 and an overpressure spring 15. The valve box is closed with a cover 16, secured to the valve box with screws 17.

The front part is attached to the head using a headband 18, consisting of interconnected straps: frontal 19, two temporal 20 and two occipital 21, connected to the body by buckles 22 and 23.

The oil pan 24 with inhalation valves 25 is attached to the body of the front part using the intercom body and bracket 26, and to the valve box - with a nut 27 and washer 28.

The headband serves to fix the front part on the user's head. Buckles 22, 23 allow for quick adjustment of the front part directly on the head.

For wearing the facepiece around the user's neck while awaiting use, a neck strap 29 is attached to the lower buckles of the facepiece.

When inhaling, air from the submembrane cavity of the pulmonary valve enters the submask cavity and through the inhalation valves into the submask cavity. In this case, the panoramic glass of the front part is blown, which eliminates fogging.

When exhaling, the inhalation valves close, preventing exhaled air from reaching the glass of the front part. The exhaled air from the submask space exits into the atmosphere through the exhalation valve.

The spring presses the exhalation valve to the seat with a force that allows maintaining a specified excess pressure in the submask space of the front part.

The intercom ensures the transmission of the user's speech when the front part is put on the face and consists of a body 29, a clamping ring 30, a membrane 31 and a nut 32.

The front part of “Panorama Nova Standard” No. R54450 is dimensionless, universal. The front part of the Obzor PTS is selected depending on the anthropometric size of the person’s head.

The selection of the front part of the PTS “Obzor” of the required body height should be made depending on the value of the horizontal (cap) circumference of the head indicated in the table. 3.2.

Table 3.2. Horizontal (cap) head circumference values

The selection of the front part of the PTS “Obzor” according to the size of the mask should be made depending on the value of the morphological height of the face (the distance from the bottom of the chin to the point of the nose), indicated in the table. 3.3.

Table 3.3. Morphological facial height values

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In this article we will consider the main issues related to the technical means of gas pumping stations.

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Gas and smoke protection service vehicles

Gas and smoke protection service vehicle (AG) designed to deliver combat crews, smoke removal equipment, lighting, personal respiratory and skin protection, and rescue tools to the site of a fire (accident).

AG serves to conduct deep reconnaissance, rescue people and create conditions that facilitate the work of fire department personnel in an unbreathable environment.

Oxygen insulating gas masks

The prototype of all modern oxygen insulating gas masks is the Aerofor breathing apparatus with compressed oxygen, created in 1853 in Belgium at the University of Liege. Since that time, the development trends of instrumentation and control systems have changed many times and their technical data have been improved. However, the basic design of the Aerofor apparatus has been preserved to this day. Instruments used for work in the units of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia must comply in their characteristics with the requirements imposed on them in accordance with the Fire Safety Standards (FSN)” Firefighting equipment. Oxygen insulating gas masks (respirators) for firefighters. General technical requirements and test methods".

An oxygen insulating gas mask (hereinafter referred to as the apparatus) is a regenerative gas mask in which the atmosphere is created by regenerating exhaled air by absorbing carbon dioxide from it and adding oxygen from the reserve in the gas mask, after which the regenerated air is inhaled.

The gas mask should include:

• closed type housing with suspension and shock-absorbing system;
• cylinder with valve;
• reducer with safety valve;
• pulmonary valve;
• additional oxygen supply device (bypass);
• pressure gauge with high pressure hose;
• breathing bag;
• redundant valve;
• regenerative cartridge;
• fridge;
• signaling device;
• inhalation and exhalation hoses;
• inhalation and exhalation valves;
• moisture collector and (or) pump to remove moisture;
• front part with intercom;
• face bag.

Conditional time of protective action

This is the period during which the protective ability of the gas mask is maintained when tested on a stand simulating human external respiration, in the mode of performing moderately heavy work (pulmonary ventilation 30 dm3/min) at an ambient temperature of (25±1)°C (hereinafter referred to as the IPD) of the gas mask firefighters must be at least 4 hours.

Actual DMZ gas mask, the period during which the protective ability of a gas mask is maintained when tested on a stand simulating human external respiration in a mode from relative rest to very hard work at an ambient temperature of -40 to +60 ° C, depending on the ambient temperature and severity level the work performed must correspond to the values ​​indicated in the table. No. 2.

Modern instrumentation(Fig.) consists of air duct and oxygen supply systems. The air duct system includes a front part 7, a moisture collector 2, breathing hoses 3 and 4, breathing valves 5 and 6, a regenerative cartridge 7, a refrigerator 8, a breathing bag 9 and an excess valve 10. The oxygen supply system includes a control device (pressure gauge) 11, indicating oxygen supply in the apparatus, devices for additional (bypass) 12 and main oxygen supply 13, shut-off device 14 and oxygen storage tank 15.

The front part, which is used as a mask, serves to connect the air duct system of the device to the human respiratory organs. Air duct system together with the lungs it forms a single closed system, isolated from the environment. In this closed system, when breathing, a certain volume of air moves in a variable direction between two elastic elements: the lungs themselves and the breathing bag. Thanks to the valves, this movement occurs in a closed circulation circuit: the air exhaled from the lungs passes into the breathing bag along the exhalation branch (front part 1, exhalation hose 3, exhalation valve 5, regenerative cartridge 7), and the inhaled air returns to the lungs through the inhalation branch (refrigerator 8 , inhalation valve 6, inhalation hose 4, front part1). This pattern of air movement is called circular.

Breathing bag performs a number of functions and is an elastic container for receiving air exhaled from the lungs, which is then inhaled. It is made of rubber or gas-tight rubberized fabric. In order to ensure deep breathing during heavy physical activity and individual deep exhalations, the bag has a usable capacity of at least 4.5 liters. In the breathing bag, oxygen is added to the air leaving the regenerative cartridge. The breathing bag is also a condensate collector (if available), it also retains sorbent dust, which in small quantities can penetrate from the regenerative cartridge, and primary cooling of the hot air coming from the cartridge occurs due to heat transfer through the walls of the bag into the environment. The breathing bag controls the operation of the excess valve and the pulmonary demand valve. This control can be direct or indirect. With direct control, the wall of the breathing bag indirectly or through a mechanical transmission acts on the excess valve (Fig.) or the valve of the pulmonary valve. With indirect control, these valves open from the influence on their own receiving elements (for example, membranes) of pressure or vacuum created in the breathing bag when it is filled or emptied.

Excess valve serves to remove excess gas-air mixture from the air duct system and acts at the end of exhalations. If the operation of the redundant valve is controlled indirectly, there is a risk of losing part of the gas-air mixture from the breathing apparatus through the valve as a result of accidental pressing on the wall of the breathing bag. To prevent this, the bag is placed in a rigid housing.

The excess valve can be installed anywhere in the duct system except in the area directly receiving oxygen. However, the valve opening control (direct or indirect) must be controlled by the breathing bag. If the supply of oxygen to the air duct system significantly exceeds its human consumption, a large volume of gas is released into the atmosphere through the excess valve, therefore it is advisable to install the specified valve before the regenerative cartridge in order to reduce the carbon dioxide load on the cartridge. The installation location of the excess and breathing valves in a specific model of the device is selected for design reasons. There are instrumentation systems in which, unlike the diagram (Fig.), breathing valves are installed in the upper part of the hoses near the junction box. In this case, the mass of the apparatus elements per person’s face increases slightly.

Fridge serves to reduce the temperature of inhaled air. Air coolers are known, the operation of which is based on the transfer of wall heat to the environment. More efficient are refrigerators with refrigerant, the operation of which is based on the use of latent heat of phase transformation. Water ice, sodium phosphate and other substances are used as a melting refrigerant. Ammonia, freon, etc. are also used to evaporate into the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide (dry) ice is also used, which immediately turns from a solid to a gaseous state. There are refrigerators that are filled with refrigerant only when operating at elevated ambient temperatures. The schematic diagram (Fig.) is general for all groups and types of modern instrumentation. Let's consider its various options and modifications.

The refrigerator is a mandatory element of the instrumentation. Many models of outdated instrumentation do not have it, and the air heated in the regenerative cartridge is cooled in the breathing bag and inhalation hose. There are known air (or other) coolers located after the regenerative cartridge, in the breathing bag or forming a single structural unit with it. The latest modification also includes the so-called “iron bag”, or “inside out bag”, which is a sealed metal tank, which is the instrumentation body, inside of which there is an elastic (rubber) bag with a neck that communicates with the atmosphere. The elastic container into which air enters from the regenerative cartridge, in this case, is the space between the walls of the tank and the inner bag. This technical solution is characterized by a large surface area of ​​the reservoir, which serves as an air cooler, and significant cooling efficiency. A combined breathing bag is also known, one of the walls of which is also the cover of the instrument backpack and an air cooler. Breathing bags combined with air coolers, due to the complexity of the design, which is not compensated by a sufficient cooling effect, are currently not widespread.

Possible malfunctions of oxygen insulating gas masks during their operation: signs, causes and methods of eliminating them. (using the example of KIP-8)

Compressed air breathing apparatus

A breathing apparatus with compressed air is an insulating tank apparatus in which the air supply is stored in cylinders at excess pressure in a compressed state. The breathing apparatus operates according to an open breathing pattern, in which air is drawn in from cylinders for inhalation and exhaled into the atmosphere. Breathing apparatus with compressed air are designed to protect the respiratory organs and vision of firefighters from the harmful effects of an unbreathable, toxic and smoky gas environment when extinguishing fires and performing emergency rescue operations. The air supply system provides a pulsed supply of air to the firefighter working in the apparatus. The volume of each portion of air depends on the breathing frequency and the magnitude of the inhalation vacuum. The air supply system of the device consists of a pulmonary valve and a gearbox; it can be single-stage, without gearbox or two-stage. A two-stage air supply system can be made of one structural element combining a gearbox and a lung demand valve or separately.

Depending on the climatic design, breathing apparatus is divided into general purpose breathing apparatus, designed for use at ambient temperatures from -40 to +60°C, relative humidity up to 95%, and special purpose, designed for use at ambient temperatures from -50 to + 60°C, relative humidity up to 95%. All breathing apparatus used in the Russian fire service must meet the requirements imposed on them by NPB165-97 “Firefighting equipment. Breathing apparatus with compressed air for firefighters. General technical requirements and test methods.” The breathing apparatus must be operable in breathing modes characterized by loads: from relative rest (pulmonary ventilation 12.5 dm3/min) to very hard work (pulmonary ventilation 85 dm3/min), at ambient temperature environment from -40 to +60°C, ensure operability after being in an environment with a temperature of 200°C for 60 s. The devices are produced by manufacturers in various versions.

Apparatus composition and device

Breathing apparatus is a modern, reliable means of personal protection for the organs of vision and breathing. Breathing apparatus with compressed air are necessary for working in unbreathable gas environments that occur during fires, accidents and other emergency situations. Compressed air breathing apparatus is used in the work of firefighters and rescuers of the fire service and other professional units of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, VGSO, emergency rescue services of industrial enterprises with potentially hazardous production, fire protection services of airlines, airports, emergency parties of sea and river vessels. The composition of the DASV (Fig.) usually includes a cylinder (cylinders) with a valve(s); reducer with safety valve; front part with intercom and exhalation valve; lung demand valve with air duct hose; pressure gauge with high pressure hose; sound signaling device; additional air supply device (bypass) and suspension system. The apparatus includes: a frame 1 or a backrest with a suspension system consisting of shoulder, end and waist belts, with buckles for adjusting and fixing the breathing apparatus on the human body, a cylinder with a valve 2, a reducer with a safety valve 3, a manifold 4, a connector 5, lung demand valve 7 with air hose 6, front part with intercom and exhalation valve 8, capillary 9 with an audible alarm device and a pressure gauge with a high-pressure hose 10, rescue device 11, spacer 12. In modern devices, the following devices are also used: shut-off device for the pressure gauge line; rescue device connected to a breathing apparatus; a fitting for connecting a rescue device or artificial ventilation device; fitting for quick refilling of air cylinders; a safety device located on the valve or cylinder to prevent the pressure in the cylinder from increasing above 35.0 MPa, light and vibration signaling devices, emergency reducer, computer. The breathing apparatus kit includes: breathing apparatus; rescue device (if available); spare parts kit; operational documentation for DASV and cylinder (operation manual and passport); operating instructions for the front part. The generally accepted working pressure in domestic and foreign DASV is 29.4 MPa. The total capacity of the cylinder (with pulmonary ventilation 30 l/min) must provide a conditional protective action time (CPTA) of at least 60 minutes, and the mass of the DASV must be no more than 16 kg with a CPV of 60 minutes and no more than 17.5 kg with a CPV of 120 min.

A suspension system with shoulder and lumbar belts is an integral part of the apparatus, consisting of a backrest, a system of belts (shoulder and waist) with buckles for adjusting and fixing the breathing apparatus on the human body. The suspension system allows the smoke protector to quickly, easily and without assistance put on the breathing apparatus and adjust its fastenings.
A cylinder with a valve or two cylinders with valves and a tee are intended for storing a working supply of compressed air.

As part of a breathing apparatus, it is designed to reduce the pressure of compressed air and supply it to the lung demand valve and rescue device.

Capillary– serves to connect a signaling device with a pressure gauge to the gearbox and consists of two fittings connected by a high-pressure spiral tube soldered into them.

used to supply air to a full-face mask and to turn on an additional continuous supply of oxygen from a cylinder when the user lacks air.

Principle of operation

The breathing apparatus is made according to an open circuit with exhalation into the atmosphere and operates as follows: when valve(s) 1 is opened, air under high pressure flows from the cylinder(s) 2 into the manifold 3 (if any) and the filter 4 of the reducer 5, into the cavity of the high pressure pressure A and after reduction into the cavity of reduced pressure B. The reducer maintains a constant reduced pressure in cavity B, regardless of changes in inlet pressure. In the event of a malfunction of the reducer and an increase in the reduced pressure, safety valve 6 is activated. From cavity B of the reducer, air flows through hose 7 into the lung demand valve 8 of the device and through hose 9 through adapter 10 (if available) into the lung demand valve of the rescue device. The pulmonary demand valve ensures the maintenance of a given excess pressure in the cavity D. When inhaling, air from the cavity D of the pulmonary demand valve is supplied to the cavity B of the mask 11. The air, blowing the glass 12, prevents it from fogging. Next, through the inhalation valves 13, air enters cavity G for breathing. When you exhale, the inhalation valves close, preventing exhaled air from reaching the glass. To exhale air into the atmosphere, the exhalation valve 14, located in the valve box 15, opens. The exhalation valve with a spring allows you to maintain a given excess pressure in the submask space. To monitor the air supply in the cylinder, air from the high-pressure cavity A flows through the high-pressure capillary tube 16 into the pressure gauge 17, and from the low-pressure cavity B through the hose 18 to the whistle 19 of the signaling device 20. When the working air supply in the cylinder is exhausted, the whistle is turned on, warning with an audible signal about the need to immediately exit to a safe area.

Maintenance of RPE

Operation of personal respiratory protection equipment is a set of measures for the use, maintenance, transportation, maintenance and storage of RPE. By use we mean such a mode of operation of RPE in which they function normally, ensuring the indicators established in the technical (factory) documentation for this sample and governing documents. Proper operation means compliance with the established modes of use, deployment to combat crews, storage and maintenance rules for RPE. Operation of RPE includes: maintenance; content; placement in a combat crew; ensuring the operation of GDZS bases and control posts. Timely maintenance of RPE is a guarantee of constant combat readiness and high reliability in operation.

REPAIR AND REPLACEMENT OF PARTS

Rejection date of RPE “____” __________20__.

The RPE was handed over to the base and written off according to the act dated “_____”______________20___.

The procedure for maintaining an account card for RPE:

– entries in the registration card are made by the senior foreman (master) of the GDZS;

– the line “Date of RPE rejection” is filled in only when the RPE is finally rejected;

– when transferring RPE from one GPS unit to another, the registration card is sent to the base along with the RPE;

– the registration card is stored together with the factory passport of the RPE at the GDZS base until the product is written off.

Self-contained breathing apparatus testing devices

(oxygen-insulating gas masks)

Purpose

The universal control device is designed to test oxygen insulating gas masks and adjust them during operation. With their help, the flow rate of a continuous supply of oxygen is determined, the tightness of the gas mask, the operating parameters of the lung demand valve and the excess valve are checked.

Technical data

1. Type of device………………………………………………………….. portable
2. Device design……………………………………………………anti-corrosion
3. Measurement limits……………………………………………………. 0….2 l/min
4. Allowable error

from the top row of readings…………………………………….. ±7%

1. Leak tightness measurement limits…………………………………… 280 mm water column.
2. Gauge scale division price………………………. 5 mm
3. Dimensions, mm (length * width * height) …………………… 230*140*145
4. Weight, kg………………………………………………………………………………….. 4.5

Completeness

The delivery package should include:

1. Device
2. Spare capillary

3.Technical description and operating instructions with passport.

Design and operation of the product

The entire device is mounted on a tripod, which consists of a cast iron base 1, a stand 2 made of a brass tube with fittings, a panel 3. A V-shaped glass pressure gauge 4 is mounted on the panel, behind which there is a scale 5, the latter can move in the vertical direction, which makes it possible to preliminarily set the scale to zero with the level in the V-shaped tube. On the scale on the left side you can read the pressure or vacuum corresponding to the height of the water column within ± 140 mm, the right side of the scale is calibrated to determine the flow rate of oxygen.

The device has a shut-off valve 6 connected to the pressure gauge by a rubber tube.

At the top of the shut-off valve there is a handwheel 7, which serves to open and close the valve.

The valve has fittings intended for:

8 – for connecting the device under test (unit or device);

9 – for connecting a hose through which pressure or vacuum is created;

10 – for connecting the capillary, used when the device is operating in rheometer mode (when operating in pressure gauge mode, the capillary on the opposite side is closed with a plug).

Precautions when using the device

When working with the device, precautions must be taken.

1. Pour distilled or chemically purified water into the V-shaped tube.
2. Protect the device from sharp impacts.
3. Do not apply much force to the flywheel when closing and opening the valve.

Purpose

The control unit KU-9V (hereinafter referred to as the unit) is designed to monitor the main operational parameters of breathing apparatus with compressed air AIR-300SV, PTS+90D “BASIS”, ASV-2, RA-90 Plus with Panorama Nova and Panorama Nova Standart masks , Spiromatic QS with Spiromatic-S mask and AIR-PAK 4.5 Fifty with AV-2000 mask for compliance with the requirements set out in the operating manuals for breathing apparatus and in the “Manual on the gas and smoke protection service of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia” (checks No. 1 and 2) .

The installation allows you to check:

1) for devices with excess pressure under the front part:

• tightness of the air duct system of the breathing apparatus;
• excess pressure in the submask space of the front part;
• reduced pressure;

2) for devices without excess pressure under the front part:

• tightness of the pulmonary valve at excess and vacuum pressure;
• pulmonary valve valve opening pressure;
• reduced pressure;

3) according to a rescue device without excess pressure under the front part:

• tightness of the front part and the lung demand valve of the rescue device at vacuum pressure;
• opening pressure of the lung demand valve of the rescue device.

Main performance characteristics

When checking the tightness of the air duct system of a breathing apparatus, excess pressure under the front part, the tightness of the lung demand valve and the opening pressure of the lung demand valve valve without excess pressure, the installation ensures the creation and measurement of excess and vacuum pressure in the range from 0 to 1000 Pa (100 mm water column) . When checking the reduced pressure and the opening pressure of the reducer safety valve, the installation provides measurement of excess pressure in the range from 0 to 1.5 MPa (15 kgf/cm2).

1. The weight of the installation does not exceed 4.5 kg.
2. The mass of the dummy does not exceed 3 kg.
3. Overall dimensions are:

• installations – no more than 300*250*200 mm;
• dummy – no more than 210*270*300 mm.

1. Service life, including shelf life – 10 years.
2. The assigned shelf life in warehouses is 2 years.
3. The installation can be operated in a macroclimatic region with a temperate climate at an ambient temperature of +5 to +50 o C with a relative humidity of 30 to 80%.

Device

The installation is a housing with a cover 1, in which the following main parts are mounted on panel 4: pump 2, distributor 3, reset valve button 9, hose 5, threaded socket 6, nipple 22, pressure gauge 7, pressure-vacuum gauge 8. Mounted on the front wall of the housing atmospheric valve 21. A holder 19 and a stopwatch 16 are installed on the cover. Panel 4 is secured in the housing with screws 20.

The installation also includes a dummy, which is intended for fastening and sealing the front part.

System composition

The system is supplied with one set of adapters for testing one type of device. For testing other types of devices, adapters are supplied as a separate order. A test disk and a human head dummy can be supplied as a separate order.

Design and principle of operation of the system

The system consists of a control and measuring unit housed in a portable plastic case 1. The case is closed with a lid 2, has a carrying handle 3, a lid lock 4, an eyelet for a transport seal 5, a compartment for adapters 6 and a locking button 7. In addition, The system includes a human head dummy or a test disk 9 with a tube 10.

Appearance of SCAD

Test disk for RPE

The housing houses a control and measuring unit. The unit controls, instrumentation and connection devices to the unit (connection coupling and quick-release coupling) are located on the control panel. The panel contains: connecting coupling 1 (M45´3 thread) with o-ring 2 and plug 3, excess or vacuum pressure release button 4, excess-vacuum switch lever 5, vacuum pressure gauge 6, pump handle lock 7, pump handle 8, reduced pressure release button 9, quick release coupling (QCU) 10, reduced pressure pressure gauge 11, stopwatch 12.

Operating principle of the system

The control and measuring unit of the system consists of two autonomous units:

• low pressure block;
• reduced pressure block.

Low pressure block

The source of pressure in the block is a manual piston pump 1 with a spring for returning the pump rod to the operating (uppermost) position. When you press the pump handle, air under pressure is supplied to pneumatic distributor 2, switching which to one of its positions determines the creation of vacuum or excess pressure in the block. From the pneumatic distributor, excess (vacuum) pressure is supplied to coupling 3, intended for connecting the device unit or adapter being tested; pressure-vacuum gauge 4, designed to control the pressure in the block and pneumatic distributor 5 with an adjustable throttle, designed to relieve pressure in the block.

Reduced pressure block

The reduced pressure from the air line of the breathing apparatus enters the block through quick-release connection 6. The value of the reduced pressure is controlled by pressure gauge 7. Pressure in the block is relieved by pneumatic distributor 8.

Security measures

• When operating the system, you must comply with the requirements and provisions of the handbook.
• When working with charged cylinders, comply with the requirements of the “Rules for the design and safe operation of pressure vessels” (NPB 10-115-96).
• It is forbidden to create a pressure of more than 1000 Pa with the pump, otherwise the gauge pointer may “hang”. To continue working, you must press and hold reset button 4 until the arrow starts moving.
• It is prohibited to connect a pressure source of more than 1.5 MPa to the quick-release connection.

Test bench Test ASV

The stand is designed to monitor the basic operational parameters of breathing apparatus with compressed air:

• domestic: AP-2000, AIR-300SV, PTS+90D “Basis”;
• foreign PA-90 Plus with Panorama Nova and Panorama Nova Standard masks.

The stand can be used in a macroclimatic region with a temperate climate at ambient temperatures from 5 to 50°C with relative humidity up to 80%. The stand provides monitoring of the following parameters of breathing apparatus in accordance with standard testing methods:

• own tightness;
• excess air pressure in the under-mask space of the front part at zero air flow;
• tightness of the air duct system of the breathing apparatus;
• reduced pressure;
• opening pressure of the reducer safety valve;
• opening pressure of the exhalation valve of the front part;
• tightness of the front part under vacuum pressure;
• tightness of the air duct system of the rescue device at vacuum pressure;
• opening pressure of the pulmonary valve of the rescue device.

The weight of the product does not exceed 8 kg (in the case 10 kg). Overall dimensions are:

• products no more than 400x250x350 mm;
• products in a case no more than 450x300x400 mm.

The product must provide pressure measurement: 0-2.0 MPa, excess, error no more than ±0.05 MPa; ±1200 Pa, differential, error no more than ±20 Pa.

The stand (Fig. 6.10) is a control unit housing 1, on which a dummy 2 is installed, intended for attaching the front part when monitoring the parameters of the tested devices and front parts. Inside the control unit housing there is an electronic microcontroller board that controls the operation of the product, a pneumatic system that ensures the creation of the pressure necessary during operation, as well as sensors necessary for measuring the pressure in the under-mask space of the front part and the reduced pressure. Inside the dummy there is an air capacitor, which is necessary for damping pressure fluctuations during the creation of working pressure by the pneumatic system, as well as for self-diagnosis of the product. A fitting 3 is installed on the dummy, through which excess or vacuum pressure is created in the under-mask space of the front part, created by the pump of the pneumatic system of the product. In addition, by plugging fitting 3 with plug 5, the tightness of the pneumatic system of the product is checked during self-diagnosis. On the body of the control unit there are control buttons 4, a liquid crystal matrix indicator 5, as well as a switch 8, a power-on indicator 10, electrical connectors 6, 9 and a reduced pressure sensor fitting 7. To measure the reduced pressure, a reduced pressure sensor fitting using an adapter hose included included in the delivery set, connects to the reduced pressure line of the breathing apparatus. Electrical connectors are intended for connecting power supply, for communication with the serial port of a personal computer during automatic operation of the product in conjunction with a PC, and for updating the software of the product microcontroller. Information about the operating mode, data from sensors and service information are displayed on the product display for visual control.

Management and control.

The product can operate in two control modes: autonomous and controlled by a personal computer. Control in offline mode is carried out by four buttons. Installation operation. The installation operates automatically according to the microcontroller program. To carry out the tests, the user must connect the breathing apparatus under test to the product and put the front part of the breathing apparatus on the dummy, then use the control buttons or a personal computer to select and run the required test program. Upon completion of the test, information about the compliance or non-compliance of the test sample with the requirements for breathing apparatus (face parts) will be displayed on the product display or on the computer screen. To work with the product under the control of a personal computer, you must familiarize yourself with the “User’s Manual for the TEST ASV test bench software.”

Negative (down to -5°C) temperatures usually do not have a noticeable effect on the well-being of gas and smoke protectors and the performance of the gas mask. However, the danger arises even when the gas and smoke protection unit was previously, before being included in the gas masks, in the open air with a negative temperature. In this case, the chemical absorber of the regenerative gas mask cartridge may freeze up and partially lose its sorption properties. It is possible for the breathing valves to freeze to the seats, especially in cases where, after short-term work, gas and smoke protectors rest in the fresh air, turning off their gas masks. When using undrained medical oxygen, the circulation of oxygen in the oxygen supply system stops due to the filling of the high-pressure channels with ice. To avoid complications of this kind caused by low temperatures, the following rules should be observed when the ambient temperature is below zero: do not allow gas masks to cool down when going to a fire. Gas masks on the car should be stored in special cells with thermal insulation made of felt; It is necessary to switch on gas masks in a warm room, having previously warmed up the regenerative cartridge using an electric heater; if there are no conditions to fulfill this requirement, you can put on a gas mask in the immediate vicinity of the place of work and work there for 5 minutes, that is, warm up the gas mask while breathing and make sure it is working normally (rhythmic tapping of the breathing valves, the appearance of warmth on the walls of the regenerative cartridge); do not exceed the time the gas mask is kept at an ambient temperature of -10°C for more than 30 minutes; use oxygen cylinders filled with dried medical oxygen for work; carry out work in a gas mask only with thoroughly dried components of the air duct system; Do not switch off gas masks for rest in places with a cooling environment temperature of 0°C or lower. After working in an unbreathable environment at low temperatures, gas and smoke protectors are not recommended to breathe cold air or drink cold water after switching off their gas masks. When working in air breathing apparatus in environments with negative ambient temperatures, the inhaled air (up to minus 40°C) expands in a person’s lungs, causing a feeling of air pressure and expansion of the chest. Therefore, it is not recommended to take deep breaths when working in such devices. To prevent hypothermia of smoke and gas protectors, it is recommended to use special heat-protective suits.

Organization of work at high temperatures

To operate units in high temperatures, it is necessary to take measures to reduce it by changing the direction of gas flows in a fire using ventilation systems; closing doors and curtaining openings with special lintels; removing smoke or pumping air using smoke exhausters; ventilation of premises; opening building structures, doors, windows; supply of finely sprayed water and high expansion foam; removal from the fire site of materials that give a large thermal effect, etc. The permissible time of stay of gas and smoke protectors in a high temperature zone is limited by the fact that high energy and thermal loads and especially their combinations lead to the accumulation of heat in the body of gas and smoke protectors and thermal shock. The permissible thermal state is characterized by an increase in average body temperature by 1.9°C, and the maximum by 3°C relative to the optimal level.

The average temperature limit of 38.5°C borders on heat stroke. Heatstroke may be accompanied by loss of consciousness by the gas and smoke protector and spontaneous switching off of the RPE in a polluted environment. When working in a gas mask, overheating of the body occurs already at an ambient temperature of more than 26 ° C. Therefore, at temperatures of 40°C or more, work is allowed only when rescuing people or in close proximity to a fresh stream. One of the main personal protective equipment for a firefighter working in conditions of high ambient temperatures and the presence of open flames is heat-reflective suits and firefighter heat-protective clothing. Work in protective clothing against high and increased thermal influences can only be carried out with the permission of the fire extinguishing supervisor (chief of the combat area). The working unit must consist of at least 3 people. At the security post, a person is appointed from among the commanding staff, who monitors the correct donning and sealing of the detachable parts of the suit and the operability of the radio station, conducts a working check and inclusion in the RPE, and also determines the readiness of the insurers to work. At the security post, to insure workers, there must be another unit, no less in number than the active one, equipped in protective suits and in full combat readiness for immediate action at the slightest need. The flight commander is obliged to maintain constant contact with the security post and, through it, inform the fire extinguishing manager (chief of the combat area) about the situation, his actions and well-being. If at least one person working in a protective suit experiences a feeling of intense heat, the entire team must immediately leave the danger zone.

In case of loss of consciousness, workers must:

• report the incident to the security post;
• remove the victim from the danger zone;
• remove the hood and RPE mask from the victim;

at the security post, remove the victim from all elements of the protective protective suit, provide first aid and call an ambulance.

The area in which work is carried out should be illuminated whenever possible. If there is a risk of electric shock, work in suits is not permitted. Those working in the room should carefully look around to avoid getting into open openings. If radio communication between flight members and the security post is interrupted, measures are immediately taken to provide assistance and send insurers to the flight zone area. It is strictly forbidden to work in protective suits that have mechanical damage to the cover or thermal insulating lining of one of the suit elements, as well as to the viewing glass of the porthole. It is prohibited to remove parts of the suit before leaving the danger zone. If necessary, it is allowed to irrigate those working in the TC with a sprayed stream of water. For each person allowed to work in protective suits of the TC, TOK, a personal card is created in which the conditions and time of work are recorded.

The primary tactical unit of the gas and smoke protection service is the GDZS unit. Depending on the number of gas and smoke protection workers who arrived at the fire (training), the work of the units (departments) of the GDZS is headed by:

• when working on a fire of one guard, as a rule, the chief of the guard or, by his order, the squad commander;
• when working on a fire at the same time, several guards are appointed by the commanding personnel appointed by the RTP (fire extinguishing leader) or the head of the combat area (NBU);
• when working on a fire in GDZS departments, the commander of the GDZS department or a person in command assigned by the RTP or NBU;
• If a senior commander goes with a unit into an environment unsuitable for breathing, then he is included in the unit and supervises its work.

When eliminating a fire (accident), the RTP must keep in mind that the GDZS personnel cannot be used to perform heavy work for a long time.

Therefore, it is recommended, if possible, not to involve GDZS personnel in outdoor work (laying hose lines, opening and dismantling structures, etc.).

When working in an environment unsuitable for breathing, the GDZS unit must consist of at least 3 gas and smoke protectors, including the commander of the GDZS unit, and have the same type of RPE with the same protective action time. In exceptional cases, when carrying out emergency rescue operations, by decision of the RTP or NBU, the composition of the gas and smoke protection unit can be increased to 5 or reduced to 2 gas and smoke protectors. The most experienced and trained smoke protection specialist from among junior or middle commanding officers is appointed as the flight commander. The GDZS unit should consist of gas and smoke protection workers serving in one department or guard (duty shift). In some cases, by decision of the RTP or NBU, the composition of the unit can be formed from gas and smoke protectors from different divisions of the State Fire Service.

In subway tunnels, underground structures of large length (area) and in high-rise buildings (more than nine floors high), send at least two units of the gas monitoring system simultaneously. In this case, one of the flight commanders is appointed senior. In complex and long-lasting fires, where several units and departments of the fire protection service are involved, the RTP is obliged to organize a checkpoint (checkpoint). The work of the checkpoint is managed by the head of the checkpoint, appointed by the RTP from among the most trained and experienced members of the commanding staff. In case of fires in metro tunnels, underground structures of large length (area), in buildings with a height of more than nine floors, in the holds of ships, one reserve unit is posted at the safety post. In other cases, one reserve GDZS link is installed for every three working links, as a rule, at the checkpoint. The number of GDS units directed into an unsuitable for breathing environment is determined by the RTP. Before inclusion in the RPE, the GDZS flight commander agrees with the RTP (or acts on his instructions) the need to use means of local protection of the gas and smoke protector and his RPE from increased heat flows, as well as insulating skin protection means from exposure to aggressive environments and hazardous chemicals. To ensure control over the operation of the GDS units at the point of entry into an unsuitable for breathing environment, a safety post is placed on each link. The location of the safety post is determined by operational officials at the fire in the immediate vicinity of the entry point of the fire control unit into an unsuitable for breathing environment (in the fresh air). At the security post, it is necessary to keep records of the work of the unit in the “Logbook of records of operating units of the GDZS”, where the composition of the unit, the oxygen (air) pressure in the RPE cylinders, the time of switching on and off, information and orders transmitted by the unit (link) are recorded.

Inclusion in RPE at the scene of a fire (drill) is carried out in the fresh air at the point of entry into an unsuitable for breathing environment at the safety post; at negative ambient temperatures in a warm room or crew cabin of a fire truck. When moving to the source of the fire (place of work) and returning back, the commander of the GDZS flight unit is the first, and the most experienced gas and smoke protector (appointed by the flight commander) is at the rear. The advance of the fire control unit in the premises is carried out along the main walls, remembering the route, in compliance with precautionary measures, including those determined by the operational and tactical features of the fire object. When working in RPE, you must protect it from direct contact with open flames, impacts and damage, do not remove the mask or pull it back to wipe the glass, and do not turn it off, even for a short time. It is prohibited for GDZS units to use elevators when working on a fire, with the exception of elevators that have the operating mode “Transportation of fire departments” in accordance with GOST 22011, NPB 250. In order to ensure safe progress, the GDZS unit can use fire hoses and an intercom wire. When working in conditions of limited visibility (heavy smoke), the GDZS flight commander in front is required to tap the floor structure with a crowbar. When opening doorways, the personnel of the GDZS unit must be outside the doorway and use the door leaf to protect against possible escape of flame. When working in rooms filled with explosive vapors and gases, the personnel of the GDZS unit must wear rubber boots and not use flashlight switches. When moving to the fire (place of work) and back, as well as during the work, all precautions must be taken to prevent sparks, including when tapping premises structures. When solving complex problems, the head of fire extinguishing (chief of the combat area) must provide for the creation of a reserve of gas and smoke protectors from the very beginning of work. Reserve units and GDZS departments must be ready at any time to provide assistance to units working in an unsuitable for breathing environment. During mass rescue of people or carrying out work in small spaces, with a simple layout and located near the exit, it is allowed to send all gas and smoke protectors simultaneously into an unsuitable for breathing environment. Upon receipt of a report of an incident with a unit or the termination of communication with it, the RTP (NBU or head of the checkpoint) must immediately send a reserve unit(s) to provide assistance. The duration of work of the units, as well as the duration of rest before re-inclusion in the RPE, is determined by the RTP or NBU.

Changing links is usually done in clean air. In necessary cases, by decision of the RTP (NBU), it can be carried out in an unsuitable for breathing environment at combat positions. Replaced units go into reserve. The fire extinguishing manager (FBU) must take measures to reduce the temperature in the rooms where gas and smoke protectors work. The main measures to reduce temperature are: increasing the ventilation of premises during a fire, for this purpose technological, installation, window and door openings, stationary ventilation and air conditioning systems are used, structures are opened; removal of smoke and injection of fresh air using smoke exhausters; supply of air-mechanical foam of medium and high expansion into the room; the use of finely sprayed water supplied through spray nozzles or special nozzles.

When rescuing people, conducting reconnaissance, extinguishing fires and eliminating accidents, the GDZS unit acts in accordance with the requirements of the Fire Service Combat Regulations and taking into account the current situation.

In particular:

1) upon arrival at a fire (training) and upon receiving the task, the personnel of the GDZS unit (department) put on gas masks (breathing apparatus) at the command “GDZS unit, put on gas masks (breathing apparatus)!” At this command, personnel take gas masks (breathing apparatus), put on shoulder and waist belts, and secure the RPE in a position convenient for movement and work. It is not recommended to tighten the belts so that they compress the chest and abdomen, as this significantly disrupts the normal breathing process;

2) before each inclusion in the respirator, the personnel, within one minute, carry out a combat check in the order and sequence established by the guidelines, at the command “GDZS unit, gas masks (CHECK breathing apparatus!”. About the results of the operational check and readiness for inclusion of each The gas and smoke protector reports to the flight (squad) commander in the form: “The gas and smoke protector Petrov is ready to turn on, the pressure is 200 atmospheres!”;

3) the flight (squad) commander personally checks the readings of the pressure gauges of gas masks (breathing apparatus) of gas and smoke protection devices, remembers the lowest oxygen (air) pressure in the cylinder and reports it to the guard at the security post. It is prohibited to switch on the RPE without carrying out a working test or if malfunctions are detected during the test. The place where personnel are included in RPE is determined by the flight (squad) commander, and in all cases they should be included in clean air, but as close as possible to the place of the fire (accident), at the safety post;

4) the inclusion of personnel in gas masks (breathing apparatus) is carried out at the command of the flight commander “GDZS unit, in gas masks (breathing apparatus) TURN ON!” in the following sequence:

a) when working in a gas mask:

• remove the helmet and hold it between your knees;
• put on a mask;
• take several breaths from the gas mask system until the lung valve is activated, releasing air from under the mask into the atmosphere;
• put on a helmet;

b) when working in a breathing apparatus:

• remove the helmet and hold it between your knees; put on a mask;
• put a bag with a rescue device on your shoulder (for AIR type devices);
• put on a helmet;

5) before entering an unsuitable for breathing environment, the GDZS link takes a hose line with a barrel and, moving in a bundle, lays it to the place of work, then it is used as a guide when returning the link and following subsequent links to the fire;

6) the commander of the GDZS unit must maintain constant contact with the security post, which is set up for each unit separately, and through it periodically report to the RTP (NBU or checkpoint) about the situation and his actions;

7) breathing in a gas mask should be deep and uniform. If breathing has changed (uneven, shallow), it is necessary to pause work and restore breathing through several deep breaths until breathing becomes normal;

8) when working in oxygen isolating gas masks, personnel are obliged to periodically, but not less than every 30 minutes, purge the breathing bag with oxygen by activating the emergency oxygen supply mechanism until the excess valve is activated;

9) while working in insulating gas masks, the gas and smoke protectors of the flight must monitor the readings of the external pressure gauges, and if the compressed air devices do not have an external pressure gauge, then monitor each other’s pressure at the command of the flight commander;

10) if poor health or malfunctions in the gas mask are detected, the gas and smoke protector must immediately report this to the flight commander and take measures to ensure the continued operation of the gas mask (breathing apparatus) until the flight reaches clean air;

11) every gas and smoke protector and guard at the security post must be able to calculate the supply of oxygen (air) required for the return trip.

The GDZS unit must return from an unsuitable for breathing environment in full force. Switching off from the RPE is carried out by the command of the GDZS unit commander “GDZS unit, from gas masks (breathing apparatus) TURN OFF!” At this command, firefighters, having removed their helmets, take off their masks and close the cylinder valves.

Training of gas and smoke defenders, especially in the smoke chamber and on the psychological training fire zone, is a complex and unsafe type of practical training. At the same time, the necessary labor protection measures that exclude accidents should not turn into reinsurance, which interferes with the improvement of the combat skills of the GDZS personnel and the formation of the ability to act correctly and decisively in an unusual situation. Responsibility for labor protection during training of personnel in heat and smoke chambers rests with the training leader. Before the start of training, the training leader must ensure that the electrical equipment, smoke removal, lighting, communication and alarm systems, and temperature control devices are in good working order. All types of training are carried out by personnel in combat clothing and equipment, and, if necessary, in heat-reflective suits. When training in a smoke chamber, the GDZS link must work together and be provided with communications equipment. To maintain constant communication with the GDZS unit working in the smoke chamber, a guard is posted at the security post. The next training unit of the GDZS is a reserve one to provide assistance to the working unit if necessary.

In case of loss of consciousness by a gas and smoke protector, it is necessary to:

• in a smoke-filled area, activate the emergency valve, check the opening of the valve of the oxygen (air) cylinder, the condition of the breathing hoses, report the incident to the security post, take the victim to fresh air and provide first aid;
• in the fresh air, remove the face mask from the victim, let him smell ammonia, if necessary, perform artificial respiration and call an ambulance.

To provide first aid in case of injuries to firefighters or if they experience stress overexertion or heat stroke, it is necessary to have first aid kits with the following set of medications at the security post:

• acizole (carbon monoxide antidote);
• analgesics (50% analgin solution 2.0 ml, fentanyl 1 bottle);
• tincture of iodine (5%);
• potassium permanganate in crystals;
• adhesive plaster and bandages (at least 3 pcs.);
• boric acid;
• rubber tube (harness) 1 m long;
• transport-immobilization tires;
• tincture of valerian, validol, cotton wool;
• ammonia solution (10%).

All training of gas and smoke protection workers is carried out under the supervision of a medical worker (trained sanitary instructor). In the event of a gas and smoke protector being poisoned by combustion products or suffering from heat stroke, it is necessary to call an ambulance and provide first aid before its arrival.

Measures to prevent injuries at work

(in self-contained breathing apparatus)

The admission of a State Fire Service employee to work in a respirator is determined by order of the governing body, a unit of the State Fire Service, after he has passed a military medical commission and special training under the training program for gas and smoke protection workers, and certification for the right to work in a gas mask or breathing apparatus.

Gas and smoke protectors undergo mandatory certification. Persons recognized as fit for service in the State Border Service are allowed to work in gas masks using compressed air, without additional medical examination.

State Fire Service employees admitted by a military medical commission to work in a PEPD are required, in addition, to undergo an annual medical examination and determination of suitability to work in a PEPD. The conclusions of military medical and clinical expert commissions are recorded in the personal card of gas and smoke protection workers, which is issued to the person being examined who is recognized as fit to work in a position involving the use of RPE.

Availability of a personal gas and smoke protection card. filled out in the prescribed manner, is a prerequisite for allowing personnel to work in RPE. In the absence of a personal gas and smoke protection card, the State Border Guard Service employee who has lost it undergoes an extraordinary medical examination in accordance with the established procedure. When changing the place of duty (study), the personal card of the gas and smoke protection officer is sent along with the personal file of the State Border Guard Service employee.

Gas masks (breathing apparatus) are secured personally. Their assignment and reassignment to State Fire Service employees is carried out by order of the governing body, State Fire Service division, fire-technical educational institution of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia. Breathing apparatus can be used as group RPE. In this case, they are not personally assigned, but are transferred by shift, provided that a mask is assigned to each gas and smoke protector. In the State Fire Service’s facility divisions guarding chemical and oil refining industry facilities and facilities related to the production and processing of gases and the use of pesticides, RPE is also assigned to the driver’s personnel. Owners of RPE are required to properly use and operate the gas mask (breathing apparatus) assigned to them. The operation of personal respiratory protection equipment is a set of measures for the use, maintenance, transportation, maintenance and storage of RPE.

Proper operation means compliance with the established modes of use, deployment to combat crews, storage and maintenance rules for RPE. Oxygen insulating gas masks and breathing apparatus that have been certified by the State Fire Service authorities are mandatory for use by management bodies, State Fire Service units, and fire-technical educational institutions of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia.

It is prohibited to use gas masks with mouthpieces, as well as to make changes to the design of gas masks and breathing apparatus that are not provided for in the technical (factory) documentation, without the approval of the Main Directorate for State Fire Service and the VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia. It is prohibited to use breathing apparatus for working under water. It is not allowed to involve GDZS units equipped with gas masks in combat operations to extinguish fires at enterprises where, due to the peculiarities of the production process, the use of oxygen insulating gas masks is prohibited. The use of RPE, the technical condition of which does not ensure the safety of the gas and smoke protector, as well as the operation of the bases and control posts of the GDZS, the condition of which does not meet the requirements of the Labor Safety Rules and other governing documents, is prohibited in the manner established by the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations in accordance with current legislation.

The organization of work to ensure safety requirements when working in protective protective equipment is carried out in accordance with the Labor Safety Rules in the divisions of the State Fire Service, the Service Charter and the Fire Fighting Regulations and the Manual on the Fire Protection Service.

When going on combat duty, the oxygen (air) pressure in the RPE cylinders must be no less than:

in breathing apparatus cylinders (260 kgf/cm2)

In order to ensure safety during reconnaissance, the GDZS flight commander is obliged to:

• ensure compliance with the requirements set out in Order No. 3, adopted in the prescribed manner.
• make sure that the GDZS unit is ready to carry out the assigned combat mission;
• check the availability and serviceability of the required minimum equipment of the GDZS unit necessary to complete the assigned combat mission;
• indicate to the personnel the location of the checkpoint and security post;
• conduct a combat check of the RPE and monitor its implementation by the unit’s personnel and the correct inclusion in the RPE;
• Before entering an unsuitable for breathing environment, check the oxygen (air) pressure in the RPE cylinders of subordinates and inform the guard at the security post of the lowest oxygen (air) pressure value;
• control the completeness and correctness of the relevant records made by guards at the security post;
• inform the personnel of the fire control unit when approaching the fire site the control oxygen (air) pressure at which it is necessary to return to the safety post;
• alternate the intense work of gas and smoke protectors with periods of rest, correctly dose the load, achieving even deep breathing;
• monitor the well-being of the personnel of the GDZS unit, the correct use of equipment, PTV, monitor the consumption of oxygen (air) according to the pressure gauge;
• bring the entire team out into the fresh air;
• when leaving an unsuitable for breathing environment, determine the place where you turn off the RPE and give the command to turn it off.

When the GDZS unit is located in a smoke-filled area, the following requirements must be observed:

• move, as a rule, along main walls or walls with windows;
• as you move, monitor the behavior of load-bearing structures, the possibility of rapid fire spread, the threat of explosion or collapse;
• report malfunctions or other unfavorable circumstances for the GDZS unit to the security post and make decisions to ensure the safety of the unit’s personnel;
• enter a room where there are high-voltage installations, high-pressure devices (vessels), explosive, poisonous, radioactive, bacteriological substances only in agreement with the administration of the facility and in compliance with the safety rules recommended by it.

Required minimum equipment for the GDZS unit:

• personal respiratory protection equipment of one type;
• rescue and self-rescue means;
• necessary tools for opening and dismantling structures;
• lighting and communication devices;
• link safety means - guide rope;
• fire extinguishing agents.

When working in RPE and when a large area is contaminated with gas, security posts and checkpoints are created for the entire period of fire extinguishing. In these cases, they are responsible for conducting safety briefings with persons going to extinguish a fire, taking into account the assigned tasks.

When organizing fire reconnaissance, the fire extinguishing manager and other operational officials at the fire should involve the organization’s life support services as much as possible to determine the nature of aggressive chemically hazardous substances, radioactive substances, the level of their concentration and the boundaries of contamination zones, as well as the necessary safety measures.

Air isolating apparatus for firefighters AIR-98MI and PTS "PROFI" are designed for individual protection of the human respiratory system and vision from the harmful effects of an unbreathable toxic and smoky gas environment when extinguishing fires in buildings, structures and industrial facilities for various purposesV temperature rangeenvironment from minus 40 to60°C and staying in an environment with a temperature of 200°C for 60 s.

BREATHING APPARATUS FOR FIREFIGHTERS AIR-98MI

The main technical characteristics of the AIR-98MI device and its modifications are given in table.

The device is made according to an open design with exhalation into the atmosphere.

When valve(s) 1 is opened, air under high pressure flows from the cylinder(s) 2 into the manifold 3 (if any) and the filter 4 of the reducer 5, into the high pressure cavity A and, after reduction, into the reduced pressure cavity B. The reducer maintains a constant reduced pressure in cavity B regardless of changes in inlet pressure. In the event of a malfunction of the reducer and an increase in the reduced pressure, safety valve 6 is activated. From cavity B of the reducer, air flows through hose 7 into the lung demand valve 11 or into the adapter 8 (if available) and then through the hose 10 into the lung demand valve 11. Through valve 9 it is connected rescue device.

The pulmonary demand valve ensures the maintenance of a given excess pressure in cavity D. When inhaling, air from cavity D of the pulmonary demand valve is supplied to cavity B of the mask 13, blowing the glass 14 and preventing it from fogging. Next, through the inhalation valves 15, air enters cavity G for breathing.

Schematic diagram of the breathing apparatus AIR-98 MI

To control the air supply in the cylinder, air from the high-pressure cavity A flows through the high-pressure capillary tube 18 into the pressure gauge 19, and from the low-pressure cavity B through the hose 20 to the whistle 21 of the signaling device 22.

When the working air supply in the cylinder is exhausted, a whistle is turned on, warning with an audible signal of the need to immediately exit to a safe area.

BREATHING APPARATUS PTS “PROFI”

The devices are produced in various versions, differing in the following characteristics:

Complete with various types and numbers of cylinders;

Complete with various types of front parts;

Possibility of equipping with a rescue device.

The device is an insulating tank breathing device with compressed air with a working pressure of 29.4 MPa and excess pressure under the front part. The device is equipped with a panoramic mask PTS “Obzor” TU 4854-019-38996367-2002 or “Panorama Nova Standart” No. R54450.

The device operates according to an open breathing pattern with exhalation into the atmosphere and operates as follows: when valve(s) 1 is opened, air under high pressure enters from the cylinder(s) 2 into the manifold 3 (if any) and the filter 4 of the reducer 5, into the high pressure cavity pressure A and after reduction into the cavity of reduced pressure B. The reducer maintains a constant reduced pressure in cavity B, regardless of changes in inlet pressure.

If the reducer malfunctions and the reduced pressure increases, safety valve 6 is activated.

From cavity B of the reducer, air flows through hose 7 into the lung demand valve 11 and into the adapter 8 and then through the hose 10 into the lung demand valve 11. A rescue device is connected through valve 9.

The pulmonary demand valve ensures the maintenance of a given excess pressure in cavity D. When inhaling, air from cavity D of the pulmonary demand valve is supplied to the cavity B of the front part 13. The air, blowing the glass 14, prevents it from fogging. Next, through the inhalation valves 15, air enters cavity G for breathing.

Schematic diagram of the PTS “Profi” breathing apparatus

When you exhale, the inhalation valves close, preventing exhaled air from reaching the glass. To exhale air into the atmosphere, the exhalation valve 16, located in the valve box 17, opens. The exhalation valve with a spring allows you to maintain a given excess pressure in the submask space.

To monitor the air supply in the cylinder, air from the high-pressure cavity A flows through the high-pressure capillary tube 18 into the pressure gauge 19, and from the low-pressure cavity B through the hose 20 to the whistle 21 of the signaling device 22. When the working air supply in the cylinder is exhausted, the whistle is turned on, warning with an audible signal that only reserve air remains in the device.

The AirGo device occupies a special place in the line. This advanced breathing apparatus is a self-contained respiratory protection device that operates independently of the surrounding atmosphere. The principle of modular design is used, which allows you to create and order the device in accordance with the specific requirements placed on it. A budget version has been developed: AirGoFix.

Description and technical characteristics (TTX) of AirGo devices

Breathing air is supplied to a person from (or several, usually no more than two cylinders) compressed air through a pressure reducer controlled by breathing, a lung demand valve and a full-face mask. The exhaled air is discharged through the exhaust valve of the mask into the surrounding atmosphere. It is exclusively a means of protecting the respiratory system from gases. The device cannot be used for scuba diving.

Fig.1 AirGo compressed air breathing apparatus (in the picture: AirGo pro model):

Weight/weight (approx.) AirGo pro - 3.6 kg AirGo Compact - 2.74 kg

Overall dimensions Length 580 mm Width 300 Height 170 mm

Lodgment- structurally it is a plate made of plastic with antistatic properties, a design specially adjusted to the shape of the human body, with handles for carrying the device. At the bottom of the cradle there is a pressure reducing valve. At the bottom of the cradle there is a pressure reducing valve. In the upper part there are shaped guides for cylinders and a fastening belt. The straps on the device (shoulder and waist) are adjustable in length according to the user's wishes. It is possible to install one or two compressed air cylinders on the cylinder support. The fastening strap has an adjustable length. After installing the cylinders, the belt is tightened and secured with the cylinder clamp.

Since the device has a modular principle, you have the opportunity to select specific components of the device according to your requirements:

1. Available device modifications:

1.1 belt options

Com - compact basic belts with polyester elements

pro - padded belts

mix - waist belt as in the compact version - and shoulder straps as in the pro version

MaX - premium quality belts

eXX - combat training belts for extreme (eXXtreme) training.

1.2. cradle options:

B-shock absorber

LG/LS Cylinder mounting straps (long or short)

SW - special rotating waist plate (included in the standard version for belts of the MaX and eXX series, modifications for pro)

1.3. pneumatic system:

1.3.1 Pressure reducer:SingleLine - for use in single hose pneumatic systems orclassic - for use in conventional pneumatic systems

1.3.2 SingleLine single hose system

SL - "sleeve-in-sleeve", with combined pressure gauge

Q - with additional quick-fill fitting

M- with alphaMITTER transmitter (so-called short-range communication transmitter)

3C/3N- with additional medium pressure hose connection

C2, C3 - modification equipped with alphaCLICK quick-release coupling (option C2 - 200 bar, option C3 - 300 bar)

1.3.3 Classic pneumatic system

CL - modification, using separate high and low pressure hoses, equipped with a pressure gauge

S - modification with a special hose - signal

Z- with second medium pressure hose connection

ICU/ICS - with built-in control unit

CLICK- with alphaCLICK quick release coupling

permanent mounting pneumatic system

the same as the classic one, it is equipped with a permanently fixed demand valve (series AE, AS, N) without a fitting.

2. Belts

There are different types of belts (shoulder belts and waist belts), each with different properties and wearing comfort:

com- basic harnes: this is the basic set of belts. The material of the belts is non-flammable special polyester; there is no additional padding in the belts.

pro - padded belts. To increase strength and fire resistance, the belts are reinforced with aramid. Special padding of the type (HOMEX®) has been added to the belts. For the convenience of the user, when operating the devices, weight distribution is provided, achieved by padding the shoulder straps complete with a waist belt. Optionally, the waist belt can be mounted on a rotating plate.

mix- mixed set of belts. Aramid fibers are used as reinforcing fibers in the polyester material from which the belts are made. Special padding of the type (HOMEX®) has been added to the belts, as in the pro modification. In the manufacture of the waist belt, non-flammable special polyester is used; the belts do not have additional padding, as in the com modification.

MaX- highest quality belts. The polyester belts are reinforced with aramid, the belts have additional special padding, and at the same time, the shoulder straps are given an unusual S-shape, which in turn ensures the belts guarantee comfort and ease of wearing. The waist belt is mounted in a rotating version, just like in AirMaXX system devices.

eXX- modification for use in extreme conditions (eXXtreme). The eXXtreme shoulder and lap belts are based on the tried and tested AirMaXX harness system. Made from aramid fibers, they have very high strength and are especially fire resistant. The hoses are protected from high temperatures and open flames by a set of protective sleeves on the shoulder padding.

The design of the belts is specifically designed for repeated use in training conditions as close to combat as possible, including training using open fire.

3. Lodgment

3.1 Cylinder straps

Belts of various lengths are used to secure the cylinder/cylinders.

Short Cylinder Straps (LS) - for use with one air tank (4L to 6.9L capacity)

Cylinder fastening belt (double) (LG) - for use with one air cylinder with a capacity of 4 liters to 9 liters, or for two cylinders with a capacity of 6.9 (7) to 4 liters.

3.2 Shock absorber (B)

The shock absorber is made of a special plastic resembling rubber and is installed at the bottom of the cradle. Specially designed to soften impacts and prevent possible damage if the AirGo is suddenly dropped down.

3.3 Waist belt plate (SW)

To support the waist belt, a rotating plate of the waist belt is used and is installed on a cradle in its lower part. One of the “chips” of the plate is that it allows the waist belt to rotate, depending on the movements of the person wearing the device. On the MaX and eXX configurations, the swivel plate for the lap belt is included as standard; on the pro configuration, the swivel plate is optional.

3.4 Cylinder stop(R)

To increase adhesion, due to friction between the cradle and the cylinder, a special device is provided - an elastic stopper.

3.4 Separator (D)

The metal bracket separating the two cylinders serves as a guide for the belt securing the cylinders and is designed to simplify the installation of the two cylinders.

3.5 Receiver-transmitter

A transmitter-receiver (RFID chip) is installed on the cradle. The transmitter operates at a frequency of 125 kHz.

4. Pneumatic system

4.1 Pressure reducer

At the bottom of the cradle there is a pressure reducer. It is provided for both a classic (conventional) pneumatic system and for systems where a single hose is used.

There is a safety valve on the pressure reducer and a combined pressure gauge is connected to the middle hose for connecting the combined pressure gauge. Reducing the air pressure supplied from the cylinder to approximately 7 bar does the job. If the pressure exceeds the permissible limit, the safety valve is activated. This prevents damage to the device while still providing air to the user.

4.2 Single hose pneumatic system

It is possible to manufacture a single hose pneumatic system in the following versions: Q, M, or 3C/3N, as well as CLICK. In a single hose pneumatic system, all hoses (up to five) are connected into one. That is, the hoses used to connect the pressure gauge, warning signal, lung demand valve, special Quick-Fill fitting, as well as the second connection fitting into one, single hose.

The SingleLine single hose system uses a combination pressure gauge. The combination pressure gauge design includes a pressure gauge and an audible warning device. It consists of the pressure gauge itself, a connector for connecting the lung demand valve, as well as an audible warning device. When the air pressure in the cylinder drops to 55±5 kg/cm2, the whistle (signaling device) begins to emit a constant sound signal. The second fitting is used to connect another lung demand valve (this could be a rescue kit, for example).

4.2.1 Modification -Q - with Quick-Fill connection:

The Quick-Fill fitting is a high pressure connector installed on the pressure reducer (Fig. 2).

With its help, you can fill 300 bar compressed air cylinders without removing the device. The outlets for connecting the pressure reducer are made in such a way as to exclude the possibility of accidentally connecting a cylinder with a working pressure of 200 bar.

The Quick-Fill system cannot be used with 200 bar compressed air cylinders.

Further information is contained in the separate Quick-Fill Adapter System Operating Instructions (Part No. D4075049)

4.2.2 Modification - 3C/3N - with additional fittings for medium pressure hoses

To connect medium pressure hoses, it is possible to equip breathing apparatus with additional fittings. They are located on the waist belt. Purpose - to connect additional devices, this can be another lung demand valve or a rescue cap.

The additional fitting is available in versions 3C and 3N.

The design of the 3C fitting provides the ability to connect various devices: pulmonary valve of the rescue kit; or saved. Respihood hood, it is possible to connect hose compressed air systems, in which an automatic changeover valve can be used/not used. Can be used with a protective suit, including when performing disinfection work.

Modification 3N is a nipple with a built-in check valve for connecting the following equipment:

DASV (Compressed air apparatus), equipped with an automatic switching valve, and also provides the possibility of using a protective suit when performing disinfection work.

4.2.3 CLICK modification - the device is equipped with the alphaCLICK special fitting system.

alphaCLICK is an innovative quick release coupling from MSA. With alphaCLICK it is possible to quickly connect air cylinders to the pressure reducer. This eliminates the traditional, rather time-consuming process of screwing on the cylinders. The connection reliability is as high as with a regular connection.

To disconnect the cylinder, you need to turn the handwheel of the gearbox fitting approximately 20 degrees. Then press on the ring.

alphaCLICK has a built-in flow limiter: if the valve of an unconnected cylinder accidentally opens, the air will not escape quickly from the cylinder. This option increases the level of safety in case of careless handling of cylinders.

In addition, alphaCLICK components have dust caps to protect them from dirt.

AlphaCLICK is compatible with all standard air cylinder valve thread connectors.

There are two versions of alphaCLICK, differing in the design of the fitting and the cylinder connection:

Modification for 200/300 bar cylinders and 300 bar cylinders.

4.2.4 Modification -M - with alphaMITTER (short-range communication receiver-transmitter), installed on the back plate of the breathing apparatus.

The alphaMITTER transmitter is connected to a dedicated port on the pressure reducer via a high pressure hose. The pressure in the cylinders is transmitted in real time to the personal network system (alphaSCOUT).The alphaMITTER transmitter is powered by three batteries (type AA).

4.3 Classic pneumatic system

The devices of the following modifications are equipped with a classic pneumatic system: -S, -Z, -ICU, and also -CLICK. Hoses from the gearbox to all devices are laid individually and are separate. A lung demand valve is connected to the medium pressure hose. The pressure gauge or built-in control unit is located at the end of the high pressure hose.

4.3.1 Modification -S (with signal hose)

This modification has a signal hose. A separate hose (signal hose) is connected to the signal whistle. The whistle is fixed near the person's ear, i.e. the signal will be clearly audible and clearly identified.

4.3.2 Modification -Z - with a second medium pressure hose connection

There is a second fitting for connecting a medium pressure hose; if there is no need to use the second fitting, it is closed with a plug.

With this fitting you can use for:

connecting a second lung demand valve;

rescue kit (usual composition: lung demand valve plus full-face mask), used to rescue people;

4.3.3 Modification -ICU/ICS - built-in control unit (with or without a key).The built-in control unit serves to control the operation of the breathing apparatus, display, compressed air parameters and alarm status. The ICU unit is used instead of a simple pressure gauge.

It is also equipped with a motion sensor and a manual alarm.

If the ICU-S control unit has a key, then this key is sent to the "Incident command" control service for identification.

4.3.4 Modification -CLICK - these are devices equipped with fittings with the alphaCLICK system

4.4 Permanent mounting pneumatic system

The pneumatic permanent fastening system is used in the modifications of the devices: -Z, -AE, -AS, -N, and also as an additional equipment - a pressure gauge cover. Hoses from the gearbox to all devices are laid individually and are separate.

4.4.1 Modification - N. In this modification, the AutoMaXX-N lung demand demand valve is permanently attached to a medium pressure hose. AutoMaXX-N with threaded connection RD40X1/7 is used with negative pressure in combination with full face masks 3S, Ultra Elite, 3S-H-F1 and Ultra Elite-H-F 1 with a standard threaded fitting.

4.4.2 Modification -AE. In this modification, the AutoMaXX-AE lung demand demand valve is permanently attached to a medium pressure hose. The AutoMaXX-AE lung demand valve with M45 x 3 threaded connection is used with overpressure. For use with 3S-PF, Ultra Elit-PF, 3S-H-PF-F1 and Ultra Elite-H-PF-F1 masks with standard threaded fitting.

4.4.3 Modification - AS. In this modification, the AutoMaXX-AS lung demand valve is permanently attached to a medium pressure hose. The AutoMaXX-AS lung demand valve with plug-in connection must be used with positive pressure. For use with full face masks 3S-PF-MaXX, Ultra Elit-PS-MaXX, 3S-H-PS-Maxx-F1 and Ultra Elite-H-PS-MaXX.

5. Brief (combat) test of the AirGo breathing apparatus

Make sure the lung demand valve is closed.

Open the cylinder valves and check the pressure using the pressure gauge.

The pressure should be within:

for cylinders with a working pressure of 300 kgf: not less than 270 bar

for cylinders with a working pressure of 200 kgf: not less than 180 bar

After this, close the cylinder valves and continue to monitor the pressure gauge readings.

Within 60 s the pressure drop must not exceed 10 bar.

Gently press the lung demand valve purge button, while closing the outlet as tightly as possible. Monitor the pressure gauge readings.

The signaling device (whistle) must operate at a pressure of 55 ± 5 bar.

Put on a full-face mask and check with your palm (by closing the connection hole of the machine for tightness).

Open the cylinder valves completely. If two cylinders are installed, the valves of two cylinders must be opened. This is necessary for their uniform emptying. Connect the lung demand valve to the full face mask. The device is ready for use.

During use

During operation, it is necessary to monitor the operation of the device, periodically pay attention to the tightness of the mask, the reliability of the connection of the lung demand valve, and also monitor the compressed air pressure in the cylinder using a pressure gauge.

6. Operating compressed air breathing apparatus

The device is allowed to be used only after checking its serviceability and performing the necessary maintenance. If during the checks any malfunctions or damage to any components are discovered, further operation of the device is prohibited.

7. Service intervals. Maintenance and care. Cleaning the device

This product must be checked and serviced regularly by qualified personnel. The results of inspections and maintenance must be recorded. Always use original MSA replacement parts.

Repairs and maintenance of the product should only be performed by authorized service centers or MSA. Modifications to the product or its components are not permitted and will automatically invalidate the issued certificates.

MSA is only responsible for the quality of work performed by MSA.

Test intervals for all countries (except Germany)

To find out the price and buy an AirGo breathing apparatus, please call 067-488-36-02

More affordable, but with the same unsurpassed quality, MSA has created another DASV - compressed air breathing apparatus AirXpress.

The air supply system of the device consists of a pulmonary valve and a gearbox; it can be single-stage, without gearbox or two-stage. The two-stage air supply system can be made of one structural element, combining the gearbox and the lung demand valve or separately.

The devices are produced by manufacturers in various versions.

Main components of DASV, their purpose

Hanging system designed for mounting systems and components of the device on it.

Consists of: plastic back, shoulder and end straps secured to the back with buckles, waist belt with quick-release adjustable buckle. A cradle that serves as a support for the cylinder. The cylinder is secured with a cylinder belt with a special buckle.

Marking: trademark of the manufacturer, symbol of the device, technical specifications number, serial number, month and year of manufacture.

Cylinder with valve designed for storing a working supply of compressed air.

The valve consists of: body, valve, gasket, 2 rings, cover, spindle, handwheel, cover, safety diaphragm, shut-off valve, shock absorber.

Marking: cylinder designation, heat treatment mark, quality control mark, manufacturer code, batch number, cylinder number in the batch, month and year of manufacture, year of next inspection, empty cylinder weight, operating pressure, test pressure, nominal volume.

Gearbox designed to convert high air pressure in a cylinder to a constant reduced pressure. The gearbox has a safety valve (and a signaling device mechanism can also be built into the gearbox).

Consists of: body, reduced valve, piston, spring, handwheel, threaded fitting, o-ring, cuff, safety valve, seal.

Capillary designed for connecting a pressure gauge and an audio signal to the gearbox.

Consists of: 2 fittings connected by a high-pressure spiral tube soldered into them, inside the spiral of which a cable is also connected to the fittings, are located inside 2 fittings connected and fixed with a hose using caps and O-rings.

Pressure gauge designed to control the pressure of compressed air in the cylinder, a sound signal to notify that the air in the cylinder is running low.

Pulmonary demand valve designed to automatically supply air to the user's breathing, maintain excess pressure in the submask space, additional air supply, turn off the air supply and connect the front part to the device. The lung demand valve is turned on with the first breath and turned off by pressing the additional air supply button.

Consists of: valve, spring, ring, membrane, valve seat, support, rod, button, cover.

Panoramic mask designed to protect the human respiratory system and vision from a toxic and smoky environment and connects the human respiratory tract with the pulmonary valve.

Consists of: body with headband straps, panoramic glass, two half-clips, oil pan with two inhalation valves, intercom, plug connection for attaching a lung demand valve with a spring-loaded exhalation valve.

Adapter designed to connect the main front part of the lung governed demand valve and the rescue device to the gearbox.

Consists of: tee, connector connected to each other by a hose which is fixed in the fittings of the tee with caps. A bushing is screwed into the connector body, on which the fixation unit for the hose fitting of the rescue device is mounted and consists of: a clip, balls, a bushing, a spring, a housing, an O-ring, and a valve.

Rescue device Designed to protect the victim's respiratory organs and vision from an unsuitable for breathing environment.

Consists of: helmet-mask, lung demand valve and low-pressure hose.