Countries with the highest number of HIV infections. HIV covers the capital: the number of infected has almost doubled

Basic indicators

At the beginning of 2017, the total number of HIV infections among Russian citizens reached 1,114,815 people ( in the world - 36.7 million HIV-infected, incl. 2.1 million CHILDREN). Of these, 243,863 HIV-infected people died for various reasons (not only from AIDS, but from all causes) (according to the Rospotrebnadzor monitoring form “Information on measures to prevent HIV infection, hepatitis B and C, identify and treat HIV patients”) . In December 2016, 870,952 Russians were living with a diagnosis of HIV infection.

As of July 01, 2017, the number of HIV-infected people in Russia amounted to 1,167,581 people, of which 259,156 people died for various reasons (in the first half of 2017, 14,631 HIV-infected people already died, which is 13.6% more than than for 6 months of 2016.). In 2017, the HIV infection rate of the population of the Russian Federation amounted to 795.3 infected with HIV per 100,000 of the population of Russia.

In 2016, 103,438 new cases of HIV infection were detected among Russian citizens ( 1.8 million in the world), which is 5.3% more than in 2015. Since 2005, the country has registered an increase in the number of newly diagnosed cases of HIV infection; in 2011-2016, the annual increase averaged 10%.

The incidence rate of HIV infection in 2016 was 70.6 per 100,000 population.

In terms of the rate of growth in the incidence of HIV infection, Russia has taken third place after the Republic of South Africa and Nigeria.* (V.V. Pokrovsky).

*/approx. the statement is ambiguous, because not all countries consider equally well the number of HIV-infected people, who also need to be identified for money (for example, in Ukraine, Moldova, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, where there is hardly enough money to screen the population for HIV.

In addition, judging by the identification of a huge number of HIV-infected gastro workers, the prevalence of HIV in these countries is several times higher than in the Russian Federation) /.

In the first half of 2017, 52,766 HIV-infected citizens of the Russian Federation were identified in Russia. The incidence rate of HIV infection in the first half of 2017 was 35.9 cases of HIV infection per 100,000 population.

Most new cases in 2017 were detected in the Kemerovo, Irkutsk, Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk, Tomsk, Tyumen regions, as well as in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug.

Video. Morbidity in Russia, March - May 2017.

An increase in the growth rate of new HIV infections in 2017 (but the overall incidence of HIV infection is low) is observed in the Vologda Oblast, Tyva, Mordovia, Karachay-Cherkessia, North Ossetia, Moscow, Vladimir, Tambov, Yaroslavl, Sakhalin and Kirov Oblasts.

Growth in the total (cumulative) number of registered cases of HIV infection among Russian citizens from 1987 to 2016

Growing number of HIV-infected Russians from 1987 to 2016

HIV in regions and cities

In 2016, the following regions and cities were in the lead in terms of incidence in the Russian Federation:

1. Kemerovo region(228.8 new cases of HIV infection were registered per 100 thousand of the population - a total of 6,217 HIV-infected), incl. in the city of Kemerovo 1,876 HIV-infected.

2. Irkutsk region(163.6%000 - 3,951 HIV-infected). In 2017, 1,784 new HIV-infected people were detected in the Irkutsk region over 5 months. In 2016, 2,450 new HIV infections were registered in the city of Irkutsk, in 2017 - 1,107. Almost 2% of the population of the Irkutsk region are infected with HIV.

3. Samara Region(161.5% 000 - 5,189 HIV-infected, including in the city of Samara 1,201 HIV-infected), for 7 months of 2017 - 1,184 people. (59.8% 000).

4. Sverdlovsk region(156.9% 000 - 6,790 HIV-infected), incl. in the city of Yekaterinburg 5,874 HIV-infected (the most HIV-infected city in Russia / Or well reveal? ed./).

5. Chelyabinsk region(154.0%000 - 5,394 HIV-infected),

Tyumen region(150.5% 000 - 2,224 people - 1.1% of the population), in the first half of 2017, 1,019 new cases of HIV infection were detected in the Tyumen region (an increase of 14.4% compared to the same period of the previous year, then 891 HIV-infected people were registered), incl. 3 teenagers. The Tyumen region is one of the regions where HIV infection is recognized as an epidemic.

6. Tomsk region(138.0% 000 - 1,489 people),

7. Novosibirsk region(137.1% 000) regions (3,786 people), incl. in the city of Novosibirsk 3,213 HIV-infected.

8. Krasnoyarsk region(129.5% 000 - 3,716 people),

9. Perm region(125.1% 000 - 3,294 people),

10. Altai region(114.1% 000 - 2,721 people) regions,

11. Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug- Ugra (124.7% 000 - 2,010 people, every 92nd inhabitant is infected),

12. Orenburg region(117.6% 000 - 2,340 people), in 1 sq. 2017 - 650 people (32.7% 000).

13. Omsk region(110.3% 000 - 2 176 people), for 8 months of 2017 1360 cases were detected, the incidence rate was 68.8% 000.

14. Kurgan region(110.1% 000 - 958 people),

15. Ulyanovsk region(97.2% 000 - 1,218 people), in 1 sq. 2017 - 325 people (25.9% 000).

16. Tver region(74.0% 000 - 973 people),

17. Nizhny Novgorod Region(71.1% 000 - 2,309 people) of the region, in 1 square. 2017 - 613 people (18.9% 000).

18. Republic of Crimea(83.0% 000 - 1,943 people),

19. Khakassia(82.7% 000 - 445 people),

20. Udmurtia(75.1% 000 - 1,139 people),

21. Bashkortostan(68.3% 000 - 2,778 people), in 1 sq. 2017 - 688 people (16.9% 000).

22. Moscow(62.2% 000 - 7 672 people)

%000 - the number of HIV-infected people per 100,000 people.

Table number 1.

The number of HIV-infected people and the incidence of HIV infection by regions and regions of Russia (TOP). Interactive table, sortable.

How many HIV-infected people were identified in the regions of the Russian Federation.

What is the incidence in the regions per 100 thousand population.

Table number 2.

The number of HIV-infected people and the incidence of HIV infection by Russian cities (TOP). How many HIV-infected people have been identified in the cities of the Russian Federation.

Indicators of the incidence of HIV infection in the cities of the Russian Federation.

Leading cities in terms of the number of identified HIV-infected people and the incidence of HIV infection: Yekaterinburg, Irkutsk, Kemerovo, Novosibirsk and Samara.

Subjects of the Russian Federation most affected by HIV infection.

The most significant increase (speed, growth rate of new HIV cases per unit of time) in morbidity in 2016 was observed in the Republic of Crimea, Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Kamchatka Territory, Belgorod, Yaroslavl, Arkhangelsk regions, Sevastopol, Chuvash, Kabardino-Balkarian Republics, Stavropol Territory, Astrakhan Region, Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Samara Region and Jewish Autonomous Region.

Number of newly diagnosed cases of HIV infection among Russian citizens in 1987-2016

Distribution of the number of new HIV cases by years (1987-2016).

As of December 31, 2016, the prevalence of HIV infection in the Russian population was 594.3 per 100,000 people.

Cases of HIV infection have been registered in all subjects of the Russian Federation. In 2017, the incidence was 795.3 per 100 thousand of us.

A high incidence of HIV infection (more than 0.5% of the total population) was registered in the 30 largest and predominantly economically successful regions, where 45.3% of the country's population lived.

Dynamics of prevalence and incidence of HIV infection in the population of the Russian Federation in 1987-2016

Morbidity, prevalence of HIV in the Russian Federation.

The most affected subjects of the Russian Federation include:

Sverdlovsk region(1,647.9%,000 people living with HIV were registered per 100,000 population - 71,354 people. In 2017, there were already about 86,000 people infected with HIV), including more than 27,131 HIV-infected people registered in the city of Yekaterinburg, i.e. . every 50th inhabitant of the city is infected with HIV - this is a real epidemic. Serov (1454.2% 000 - 1556 people). Infected with HIV - 1.5 percent of the population of the city of Serov.

1. Irkutsk region (1636.0% 000 - 39473 people). In total, 49,494 people were identified as HIV-infected at the beginning of 2017; at the beginning of June (almost half a year) 2017, 51,278 people were registered with a diagnosis of HIV infection. In the city of Irkutsk, more than 31,818 people have been identified for all time.

2. Kemerovo region(1582.5% 000 - 43000 people), including in the city of Kemerovo more than 10,125 patients with HIV infection are registered.

3. Samara Region(1476.9% 000 - 47350 people),

4. Orenburg region(1217.0% 000 - 24276 people) regions,

5. (1201.7% 000 - 19550 people),

6. Leningrad region(1147.3% 000 - 20410 people),

7. Tyumen region(1085.4% 000 - 19768 people), as of July 1, 2017 - 20787 people.

8. Chelyabinsk region(1079.6% 000 - 37794 people),

9. Novosibirsk region(1021.9% 000 - 28227 people) regions. As of May 19, 2017, more than 34 thousand HIV-infected people were registered in the city of Novosibirsk - every 47 resident of Novosibirsk has HIV (!). As of August 1, 2017, 34,879 HIV-infected people were registered in the Novosibirsk Region.

10. Perm region(950.1% 000 - 25030 people) - Berezniki, Krasnokamsk and Perm are mostly heavily affected by HIV,

11. Saint Petersburg(978.6% 000 - 51140 people),

12. Ulyanovsk region(932.5% 000 - 11728 people),

13. Republic of Crimea(891.4% 000 - 17000 people),

14. Altai region(852.8% 000 - 20268 people),

15. Krasnoyarsk region(836.4% 000 - 23970 people),

16. Kurgan region(744.8% 000 - 6419 people),

17. Tver region(737.5% 000 - 9622 people),

18. Tomsk region(727.4% 000 - 7832 people),

19. Ivanovo region(722.5% 000 - 7440 people),

20. Omsk region(644.0% 000 - 12741 people), as of September 1, 2017, 16 275 cases of HIV infection were registered, the incidence rate was 823.0% 000.

21. Murmansk region(638.2% 000 - 4864 people),

22. Moscow region(629.3% 000 - 46056 people),

23. Kaliningrad region(608.4% 000 - 5941 people).

24. Moscow(413.0% 000 - 50909 people)

Table number 3.

Rating of Russian regions by the prevalence of HIV infection among the population. The number of HIV-infected people identified in different territories of the Russian Federation in absolute numbers and calculated per 100,000 population of the region represented.

Age structure

The highest level of HIV infection in the population is observed in the group of 30-39 years old, 2.8% of Russian men aged 35-39 years old lived with an established diagnosis of HIV infection.

Women become infected with HIV at a younger age, already in the age group of 25-29 years, about 1% were infected with HIV, the proportion of infected women in the age group of 30-34 years is even higher - 1.6%.

Over the past 15 years, the age structure among newly diagnosed patients has changed radically.

In 2000, 87% of patients were diagnosed with HIV before the age of 30.

Adolescents and young people aged 15-20 years accounted for 24.7% of newly diagnosed HIV infections in 2000, as a result of an annual decrease in 2016, this group was only 1.2%.

Diagram. Age and sex of HIV-infected people.

In 2016, HIV infection was predominantly detected among Russians aged 30-40 years (46.9%) and 40-50 years old (19.9%), the proportion of young people aged 20-30 years decreased to 23.2%.

An increase in the proportion of newly detected cases was also observed in older age groups, and cases of sexually transmitted HIV infection in old age have become more frequent.

It should be noted that with a low level of testing of adolescents and young people, more than 1100 cases of HIV infection are registered annually among people aged 15-20 years.

According to preliminary data, the largest number of HIV-infected adolescents (15-17 years old) was registered in 2016 in Kemerovo, Nizhny Novgorod, Irkutsk, Novosibirsk, Chelyabinsk, Sverdlovsk, Orenburg, Samara regions, Altai, Perm, Krasnoyarsk territories and the Republic of Bashkortostan. The main cause of HIV infection among adolescents is unprotected sexual contact with an HIV-infected partner (77% of cases in girls, 61% in boys).

Structure of the dead

In 2016, 30,550 (3.4%) patients with HIV infection died in the Russian Federation (10.8% more than in 2015) according to the Rospotrebnadzor monitoring form “Information on measures to prevent HIV infection, hepatitis B and C, detection and treatment of HIV patients”.

The highest annual mortality was registered in the Jewish Autonomous Region, the Republic of Mordovia, the Kemerovo Region, the Republic of Bashkortostan, the Ulyanovsk Region, the Republic of Adygea, the Tambov Region, the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, the Chuvash Republic, the Samara Region, the Primorsky Territory, the Tula Region, Krasnodar, Perm Territories, Kurgan region.

Treatment coverage

In 2016, 675,403 HIV-infected patients were registered at the dispensary in specialized medical organizations, which accounted for 77.5% of the number of 870,952 Russians living with a diagnosis of HIV infection in December 2016, according to the monitoring form of Rospotrebnadzor.

In 2016, 285,920 patients received antiretroviral therapy in Russia, including patients in prisons.

In the first half of 2017, 298,888 patients received antiretroviral therapy, and about 100,000 new patients were added for therapy in 2017 (there will most likely not be enough drugs for everyone, since the purchase was according to the figures of 2016).

Treatment coverage in 2016 in the Russian Federation was 32.8% of the number of registered persons diagnosed with HIV infection; among those on dispensary observation, 42.3% of patients were covered by antiretroviral therapy.

The achieved treatment coverage does not play the role of a preventive measure and does not allow to radically reduce the rate of spread of the disease. The number of patients with active tuberculosis in combination with HIV infection is growing, the largest number of such patients is registered in the regions of the Urals and Siberia.

HIV testing coverage

In 2016, 30,752,828 blood samples from Russian citizens and 2,102,769 blood samples from foreign citizens were tested for HIV in Russia.

The total number of tested serum samples of Russian citizens increased by 8.5% compared to 2015, while among foreign citizens it decreased by 12.9%.

In 2016, the maximum number of positive results in the immunoblot in Russians over the entire history of observation was revealed - 125,416 (in 2014 - 121,200 positive results).

The number of positive results in the immunoblot includes those identified anonymously, not included in the statistical data, and children with an undifferentiated diagnosis of HIV infection, therefore it differs significantly from the number of newly registered cases of HIV infection.

For the first time, 103,438 patients tested positive for HIV.

Representatives of vulnerable groups of the population in 2016 made up an insignificant part of those tested for HIV in Russia - 4.7%, but among these groups 23% of all new cases of HIV infection were detected.

When testing even a small number of representatives of these groups, it is possible to identify many patients: in 2016, among the examined drug users, 4.3% of HIV-positive people were detected for the first time, among MSM - 13.2%, among contact persons during the epidemiological investigation - 6.4%, prisoners - 2.9%, STI patients - 0.7%.

Transmission path structure

In 2016, the role of sexual transmission of HIV infection has grown significantly.

According to preliminary data, among those newly identified in 2016 HIV-positive with established risk factors for infection, 48.8% were infected through drug use with non-sterile instruments, 48.7% - through heterosexual contacts, 1.5% - through homosexual contacts, 0.45 % - were children infected - from mothers during pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding.

The number of children infected through breastfeeding is growing: in 2016, 59 such children were registered, in 2015 - 47, in 2014 - 41 children.

In 2016, 16 cases were registered with suspected infection in medical organizations when using non-sterile medical instruments and 3 cases when blood components were transfused from donors to recipients.

Another 4 new cases of HIV infection in children were likely associated with the provision of medical care in the CIS countries.

Diagram. Distribution of HIV-infected people by means of infection.

conclusions

• In the Russian Federation in 2016, the HIV epidemic situation continued to worsen, and this unfavorable trend continues in 2017, which may even affect the resumption of the global HIV epidemic, which, according to the UN report in July 2016, began to decline.

• The incidence of HIV infection remains high, the total number of HIV carriers and the number of deaths of HIV-infected people are increasing, the epidemic has intensified its exit from vulnerable groups of the population into the general population.

• With the current rate of HIV infection spreading and the lack of adequate systemic measures to prevent its spread, the forecast for the development of the situation remains unfavorable.

Radical actions of the Government of Russia are required to stop trafficking, distribution of drugs and, the most difficult thing, to change the sexual behavior of the inhabitants of the Russian Federation (clamps are wonderful, but the number of people practicing abstinence and practicing with one heterosexual sexual partner throughout their lives is one and it is impossible to change, p .e requires the development of drug methods of pre-exposure prophylaxis with minimal side effects (drank a pill and do what you want)).

V.V. Pokrovsky on the situation in Russia regarding the incidence of HIV / AIDS

https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=74&v=kUmU8m31dqw

According to the report announced at the Fifth International Conference on HIV, held in March 2016 in Moscow, the following ranking of 10 countries was compiled by the number of people infected with AIDS. The incidence of AIDS in these countries is so high that it has the status of an epidemic.

AIDS Acquired immune deficiency syndrome secondary to HIV infection. It is the last stage of the disease of an HIV-infected person, accompanied by the development of infection, tumor manifestations, general weakness, and ultimately leads to death.

1.2 million patients with 14 million population. Therefore, it is not surprising that the average life expectancy there is 38 years.

9th place. Russia

In 2016, the number of people infected with AIDS in Russia exceeded 1 million people according to Russian healthcare, 1.4 million according to the EECAAC-2016 report. Moreover, the number of infected in the last few years has been growing rapidly. For example: every 50th inhabitant of Yekaterinburg is HIV-positive.

In Russia, more than half of patients became infected through a needle while injecting a drug. This way of infection is not the main one for any country in the world. Why exactly in Russia such statistics? Many say it was driven by the move away from oral methadone as a substitute for injecting drugs.

Many mistakenly believe that the problem of infection of drug addicts is only their problem, it is not so scary if the "dregs of society" acquire diseases that lead to death. A person who uses drugs is not a monster that can be easily identified in a crowd. He leads a completely normal life for a long time. Therefore, spouses and children of drug addicts are often infected. There are cases when infection occurs in clinics, beauty salons after poor disinfection of instruments.

Until society realizes the real threat, until random partners stop assessing the presence of STDs “by eye”, until the government changes its attitude towards drug addicts, we will rapidly rise in this rating.

8th place. Kenya

6.7% of the population of this former English colony are HIV carriers, namely 1.4 million people. Moreover, among women, the infection is higher, since in Kenya the social level of the female population is low. Perhaps the rather free manners of Kenyan women also play a role - they easily approach sex here.

7th place. Tanzania

Of the 49 million people in this African country, just over 5% (1.5 million) have AIDS. There are areas in which the infection rate exceeds 10%: this is far from the tourist routes of Njobe and the capital of Tanzania, Dar es Salaam.

6th place. Uganda

The government of this country is making great efforts to combat the problem of HIV. For example, if in 2011 there were 28 thousand children born with HIV, then in 2015 - 3.4 thousand. The number of new infections in the adult population has also decreased by 50%. The 24-year-old king of Toro (one of the regions of Uganda) took control of the epidemic into his own hands and promised to stop the epidemic by 2030. There are one and a half million cases in this country.

5th place. Mozambique

More than 10% of the population (1.5 million people) are infected with HIV, and the country does not have its own forces to fight the disease. About 0.6 million children in this country are orphans due to the death of their parents from AIDS.

4th place. Zimbabwe

1.6 million infected per 13 million inhabitants. These figures were driven by widespread prostitution, a lack of basic knowledge about contraception, and general poverty.

3rd place. India

Official figures are about 2 million patients, unofficial ones are much higher. Traditional Indian society is quite closed, many people ignore health problems. Educational work with young people is practically not carried out, it is unethical to talk about condoms in schools. Hence the almost complete illiteracy in matters of protection, which distinguishes this country from the countries of Africa, where getting condoms is not a problem. According to surveys, 60% of Indian women have never heard of AIDS.

2nd place. Nigeria

3.4 million HIV patients per 146 million population, less than 5% of the population. The number of infected women is higher than men. Since there is no free healthcare in the country, the most terrible situation is in the poor segments of the population.

1 place. South Africa

The country with the highest incidence of AIDS. Approximately 15% of the population is infected with the virus (6.3 million). About a quarter of high school girls already have HIV. Life expectancy is 45 years. Imagine a country where few people have grandparents. Scary? Although South Africa is recognized as the most economically developed country in Africa, most of the population lives below the poverty line. The government is doing a lot of work to stop the spread of AIDS, providing free condoms and testing. However, the poor are convinced that AIDS is a white invention, as are condoms, and therefore both should be avoided.

Bordering South Africa, Swaziland is a country of 1.2 million people, half of whom are HIV positive. The average resident of Swaziland does not live up to 37 years.

Statistics on HIV incidence and AIDS mortality vary widely across countries and continents. The indicators are influenced by the standard of living of the population, economic development, health and social security, youth policy and promotion of a healthy lifestyle. It would seem that backward third world countries are among the leaders in immunodeficiency. However, HIV in the Russian Federation is spreading at a rate that brings Russia to third place in the world ranking in terms of the rate of increase in incidence, behind only South Africa and Nigeria.

HIV statistics in Russia change from year to year for the worse. Since 1987, when they first started talking about a terrible diagnosis, and to the present, the number of cases has been increasing, and mortality has been increasing. The percentage ratios of new cases of immunodeficiency and the population bring the Russian Federation to a leading position in the lists of the countries of the former USSR and the entire planet. Moreover, the main increase in deplorable statistics does not occur in the 90s, neither the change of power, nor the change in the way of thinking, nor the improvement in the quality of life affect - an increase in the rate of HIV spread is recorded every year. The mortality index (number of deaths per 1,000 people) has increased 10 times over the past ten years.

According to official data, there are about a million HIV patients in Russia, that is, approximately 0.7% of the country's inhabitants are infected with HIV. According to unofficial information from foreign agencies, the percentage in reality is exactly 2 times higher, and this indicates an epidemic of immunodeficiency in the Russian Federation.

In order not to cause panic and not take away the first place in AIDS from South Africa and Nigeria, in Russia the statistics are slightly corrected in the right direction. For example, a person with AIDS dies, but the cause of death is a secondary disease - heart failure or a malignant neoplasm, and the patient was not registered for immunodeficiency. This death is not reflected in HIV mortality. Also, the data on the total number of cases are not accurate enough - there is no mandatory procedure for testing for HIV. Thousands of people do not go to medical institutions for years and do not donate blood. Naturally, if they are infected, Rosstat and Rospotrebnadzor do not know about it. If a person is diagnosed with HIV, but does not undergo an examination and is not registered with an infectious disease specialist, then such a case is also not taken into account - the patients actually registered are taken into account. In Russia, most citizens need to be forced and persuaded to go to the hospital and get treated. Based on the above cases, the actual incidence of AIDS in the Russian Federation is clearly much higher.

Regions and cities are leaders in the number of HIV infections

Russia is a large country in terms of territory and, accordingly, statistical data varies by region. In recent years, the Sverdlovsk, Irkutsk, Kemerovo, Novosibirsk, Samara, Orenburg regions, the Perm Territory, and the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug have become the most disadvantaged for HIV in recent years. In these regions, the highest rate of increase in the incidence and the highest percentage of HIV-infected people - more than 2% of the inhabitants are infected with a retrovirus, with a huge number of infected children and pregnant women (every 50th woman in labor is sick with immunodeficiency). Of the leading cities for HIV, the geography remains identical to the regional one - Kemerovo, Yekaterinburg, Irkutsk, Novosibirsk.

HIV statistics by age

HIV statistics by age in Russia has not changed for many years - the majority of those infected are young people from 20 to 39 years old, accounting for approximately 80% of registered patients. Another 10% are from 40 to 60 years old, 9% are from newborns to 19 years old. The latter category of patients is more vulnerable in terms of diagnosing immunodeficiency. An HIV diagnosis is accurately established in children from 0 years of age, infected in utero, during childbirth from a sick mother. The rest of the children, among whom the peak of injection drug addiction is recorded at the age of 13-17, are not tested for retrovirus and remain unaccounted for.

Reasons for Russia's leadership in HIV infection

The UN has called Russia the epicenter of the global epidemic of secondary immunodeficiency. Inaccurate and underestimated statistics of immunodeficiency in the Russian Federation exceeds the scale of the disaster in other countries. For example, in Germany, the increase in the incidence is three times less than in Russia. And there, HIV is a national problem that is being fought and funds are allocated from the state budget. The HIV epidemic in Russia is not considered something global and serious, given the lack of a state program to combat AIDS. By the way, in the United States, the state wrestling program appeared in the late 1980s.

There are two main reasons for Russia's leadership in infection with immunodeficiency:

• lack of fight against the disease at the state level - correction of statistics, lack of mandatory HIV testing of citizens without exception, lack of funding - propaganda and youth policy aimed at a healthy lifestyle;
• HIV and drug addiction epidemics coincide geographically, that is, the main route of infection in Russia is injection drugs.

African countries, where at some time every second citizen was infected with HIV, were able to suppress the epidemic and began to fight the spread of infection. An economically and socially developed state should all the more recognize and accept the problem. Otherwise, according to experts, in the next 5 years Russia will come out on top in the world in terms of HIV, and the death rate from AIDS in the country will increase exponentially.

Thanks to HIV statistics, it is possible to track the number of people who suffer from this disease and, on this basis, to prepare preventive and curative measures. The problem of HIV in Russia is very urgent. Recently, there has been a real HIV epidemic in Russia, which requires the correct development of methods for treating pathology.

With untimely treatment of pathology, the rapid development of AIDS in the world is observed. The disease is characterized by gradual progression and spread among the population. Statistics show that HIV is spreading rapidly around the world. The degree of development of HIV in countries directly depends on their economic, moral and social development. In Eastern Europe and Central Asia, the prevalence of the disease is at its highest level. Latin America is in second place. The third adult HIV prevalence by country is found in North America and Western and Central Europe.

The HIV statistics in Russia are deplorable. Officially, this disease is diagnosed in one million 200 thousand people. The number of HIV-infected people is increasing against the background of a variety of addictions - drug addiction, alcoholism. Among the countries of the world, HIV in Russia is diagnosed quite often.

The level of HIV incidence in Russia by city is quite high. People who live in St. Petersburg, Moscow, etc. suffer most often from the virus.

The main thing about the prevention of HIV and AIDS infection

In order to stop AIDS in Russia, it is necessary to carry out its prevention in a timely manner. To reduce the number of people infected with HIV in Russia , several directions are recommended. In order to limit the development of HIV infection in Russia, it is recommended to limit the amount of vertical transmission of pathology.

Vaccines are used to fight and prevent various infectious diseases. In order to reduce the spread of AIDS in Russia, it is also necessary to use vaccination. But, unfortunately, to date, an effective preventive method has not been developed.

In most cases, the pathological process is transmitted sexually. That is why a variety of educational programs are being developed that teach people the correct sexual behavior. They argue that by excluding sexual intercourse without barrier contraception with untested partners, the amount of infection is significantly reduced.

A variety of educational programs are quite effective. They talk about the features of the course of the pathological process, as well as its complications. Programs are built on training and support methods, which make it possible to reduce the individual risk of infection.

The type of contact directly affects the risk of contracting the disease. It can be sexual - vaginal and anal. The infection is also transmitted through injections. That is why it is often diagnosed in people who regularly take drugs. Quite rarely, an accidental infection with an infection that enters through the wounds on the human body is diagnosed.

During the period of prevention of the pathological process, it is recommended to take into account the fact of vulnerability. This group includes people who, under various circumstances, cannot protect themselves from infection. In this case, constant monitoring of events in a person's life is recommended. This greatly increases the possibility of dangerous contacts and human infection.

The occurrence of pathology is diagnosed only upon contact with an infected person. Through contact with animals and insects, HIV infection is impossible. The infection is found in various fluids - vaginal secretions, blood, breast milk, semen. That is why there are three ways of infection:

• Through the blood. Transfusion of this fluid, transplantation of tissues and organs are common causes of infection. The disease can be diagnosed when using a non-sterile instrument during medical manipulations and cosmetic procedures. If a person uses non-sterile syringes to inject drugs, then this can cause pathology.
• From mother to child. When a child passes through the birth canal of an infected mother during the childbearing process, this can cause illness. One of the ways of transmission of infection is breastfeeding a newborn baby.
• Unprotected sexual contact. Transmission of infection is observed not only in heterosexual, but also in homosexuality.

People should remember that HIV is not transmitted by contact, through household items, food and money. With the simultaneous use of common personal belongings and premises, the development of the pathological process is not observed.

HIV infection is a rather severe infectious process, which is quite difficult to treat. The disease can lead to a variety of undesirable effects, one of which is death. That is why the prevention of pathology should be carried out regularly.

Statistics

The HIV statistics are frightening. As of January 1, 2017, the number of HIV-infected people in Russia was 870,952 people. In accordance with HIV statistics in Russia, the disease is most often diagnosed in patients whose age is 30-39 years old - men and 25-29 years old - women. In recent years, there has been a more frequent diagnosis of the pathological process in adolescence and adolescence.

Official HIV and AIDS statistics in Russia show the number of deaths that occur with the disease. In the previous year, 30,550 deaths were registered. In Russia, HIV statistics annually give figures that are dynamically increasing.

If we consider HIV in Russia by region, the disease is most often diagnosed in the Sverdlovsk region. In second place is the Irkutsk region, and in the third place is the Kemerovo region. Further, according to the degree of reduction in the spread of infection, HIV statistics indicate the following areas:

• Chelyabinsk;
• Novosibirsk;
• Ulyanovsk, etc.

The percentage of HIV-infected people in Russia is constantly increasing. HIV statistics in Russian cities provides information that the pathology develops most often in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Sverdlovsk, Kemerovo, Chelyabinsk, Kaliningrad, etc. A sufficient number of HIV patients is in Ulyanovsk and Novosibirsk. The leaders in the spread of HIV infection in Russia are such cities as Orenburg and Tyumen. The incidence is quite intensively increasing in Tyumen and Samara.

With untimely treatment of the pathological process, people often die. This year, 243,863 people died of AIDS. Top Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome rating opens Tyva and Mordovia. Mortality and birth rate of affected children is constantly increasing.

How many people have AIDS in Russia directly depends on the age, region of residence and lifestyle of the person.

conclusions

The number of AIDS patients in Russia is constantly increasing. Among residents of various countries, HIV prevalence is observed in the adult population. The disease is diagnosed most often in people who lead an immoral lifestyle. Country statistics confirm that AIDS is more common in immunocompromised people.

There are 1,114,815 registered cases of the disease in our country. At the same time, a constant registration of new identified cases of HIV infection is carried out. There are 700,000 deaths per million infected. Every fifth person infected with HIV dies. Treatment of patients with HIV should be given due attention.

To reduce the growth of new cases of infection, it is recommended to carry out the prevention of the disease in a timely manner. In this case, it is necessary to limit unverified sexual contacts between men and women. The most disadvantaged are recommended to be trained with the help of special educational programs. This will reduce the total number of carriers of the infection. To fight HIV, the patient must seek help from a doctor who, after an appropriate diagnosis, will prescribe adequate treatment.

HIV statistics in the worldhelps to keep track of how many suffer from this disease and look for more effective ways to deal with it.

HIV

HIV infection is a disease caused by the immunodeficiency virus. The disease belongs to the category of slowly progressive. It affects the immune system, as a result of which it develops. The body loses its defenses and ability to resist disease.

How many live with the immunodeficiency virus? StatisticsHIV shows that on average no more than 11 years. In the AIDS stage - 9 months. If the patient turns to doctors in a timely manner and undergoes antiviral therapy, then it can be 70–80 years old.

The health status of the patient is also important. A healthy person has more chances for a long life and successful therapy.

The virus is transmitted by a single contact of the damaged skin or mucous membrane with the patient's biofluids: blood, semen, vaginal secretions. Infection is transmitted:

• during unprotected
• with manicure (through non-disinfected instruments);
• during the period and at (from mother to child);
• when (if the medical staff violates the rules of blood testing);
• while taking a dose of injecting drugs (through syringes and needles);
• while breastfeeding.

The virus is not able to be transmitted through tears, saliva, insect bites, household and airborne droplets.

Data for different countries

Most at risk are people who inject drugs.

Cases of sickness among health workers were also recorded. HIV statistics show that the risk of infection in this category of the population is also high. In the United States alone, more than a hundred cases have been reported over the past few years, 57 of which have been proven.

Indicators for Russia

According to the Ministry of Health, the HIV statistics in our country are shocking. There is a real epidemic in Russia. In terms of the growth rate of the number of sick people, the Russian Federation will soon approach those of Africa. The statistics of HIV infection in Russia allows us to conclude that 57% of infections occur among heroin addicts through dirty syringes.

WITH HIV statistics by yearsreflects the number of people who have died from AIDS and are still living with the immunodeficiency virus:

HIV incidence statistics by region go off scale where the largest drug distribution channels pass. Most of the sick citizens in 2016 were in the Irkutsk, Kemerovo, Sverdlovsk and Samara regions. Here, for every 100,000 population, there are at least 1.5 thousand patients.

The diagram shows HIV statistics by region, which shows the 10 regions with the largest number of patients.

HIV statistics in Russia suggests that the most infected people are in the Irkutsk region. In addition to those listed on the diagram, the Moscow, Tomsk, Ivanovo, Omsk, Murmansk regions, Altai Territory can be attributed to the most affected. The same applies to SPB.

From HIV shows growth. In 2015, 212,578 patients died. This figure is 12.9% higher than the previous year.

The number of HIV patients in Tatarstan also increased. Statistics say that in 2015, about 18,000 patients diagnosed with HIV were identified here. Every year the number of infected people increases by 1 thousand people. Mortality among those infected with the immunodeficiency virus has also increased. Also, more infected children were born.

Most carriers of the virus are people between the ages of 20 and 39. The main cause of infection is the injection of narcotic substances with dirty syringes.

Russian HIV allows us to conclude that the largest number of cases is between the ages of 30 and 39 years. The vast majority are men. Women are most often infected before the age of 35. At the same time, the number of sick adolescents and from 15 to 20 years old has decreased. The data is shown in detail as a percentage in the chart:

Ways of transmission of the disease in Russia

In Soviet times, unprotected sex with students from Africa was in the first place. Today, the statistics of people infected with HIV notes that the largest number of sick people among drug addicts is 48.8% of the total number of people infected. They become infected when using non-sterile syringes. According to the results of studies in cities, the largest number of cases among drug addicts was registered in Moscow (12-14%), St. Petersburg (30%), Biysk (more than 70%).

The diagram shows the statistics of HIV patients, showing the main causes of infection in the USSR and modern Russia for the period from 1987 to 2016:

Indicators in the countries of the former USSR

HIV statistics in Ukraine also not comforting. In six months of 2016, 7,612 people were diagnosed. Of these, 1,365 are HIV-infected children. Statistics show that the main reason is the reduction in funding for AIDS programs.

In total, there are 287,970 patients in Ukraine today. Between 1987 and 2016, nearly 40,000 citizens died of AIDS. Ukraine is among the leaders in the spread of the disease in the world.The diagram shows which areas are most affected by HIV:

HIV statistics in Belarusrecorded 17,605 patients as of 2017. The prevalence rate is 185.2 per 100 thousand people. population. In just 2 months of 2017, 431 citizens with the immunodeficiency virus were identified. Most of the HIV-infected people are in the Gomel, Minsk and Brest regions. For the period from 1987 to 2017. 5044 people died from AIDS in Belarus.

In 2016, HIV statistics in Kazakhstan show an increase in the number of infected people. During this year, about 3 thousand carriers of the virus were identified, of which 33 patients are children under 14 years of age.

conclusions

As the HIV statistics in Russia and the CIS countries show, the epidemiological situation continues to deteriorate. Morbidity and mortality rates are very high. It is necessary to strengthen measures to counter the disease in the country, otherwise the rate of spread will continue to grow.