Portland cement for general construction purposes, without additives, grade 400. Types and grades of cement. Field of application of Portland cement. Technical characteristics and scope
Cement, like any other material used in construction, differs in its physical and technical characteristics depending on the conditions under which it is intended to be used. According to GOST 10178-85 symbol cement should consist of:
- names of the type of cement – Portland cement, Portland slag cement. It is allowed to use an abbreviated designation of the name - PTs and ShPTs, respectively;
- grades of cement;
- designations of the maximum content of additives in Portland cement: D0, D5, D20;
- designation of fast-hardening cement - B;
- designations for plasticization and hydrophobization of cement - PL, GF;
- designation of cement obtained from clinker of standardized composition - N;
An example of a symbol for additive-free Portland cement grade 400:
PC 400-D0 GOST 10178-85.
An example of a symbol for Portland cement grade 400, with additives up to 20%:
PC 400-D20 GOST 10178-85.
An example of a symbol for Portland cement grade 400, with additives up to 20%, quick-hardening, plasticized:
PC 400-D20-B-PL GOST 10178-85.
An example of a symbol for additive-free Portland cement grade 500:
PC 500-D0 GOST 10178-85.
An example of a symbol for Portland cement grade 500, with additives up to 20%:
PC 500-D20 GOST 10178-85.
An example of a symbol for Portland cement grade 500, with additives up to 20%, quick-hardening, plasticized:
PC 500-D20-B-PL GOST 10178-85.
One of the advantages of the GOST 31108-2003 standard is its harmonization with the European standard EN 197-1, which establishes a uniform classification for all countries of the European Union (EU), technical requirements and methods for establishing compliance of cement quality with the requirements of the standard.
The GOST 31108-2003 standard does not cancel the currently valid GOST 10178-85, which can be used in all cases if it is technically and economically feasible. At the same time, it is promising for the development of new regulatory documentation in construction, based on the characteristics of cements harmonized with the requirements of EN 197-1.
When cement production switches to GOST 31108-2003, it is possible to obtain an adequate assessment of the quality of cements produced in the CIS and EU countries.
The main differences between GOST 31108-2003 and the current GOST 10178-85:
Instead of grades, compressive strength classes similar to those established by EN 197-1 have been introduced;
- for cements of all strength classes, in addition to the requirements for strength at the age of 28 days, additional standards for strength at the age of two days are established, with the exception of classes 22.5N and 32.5N, and for cements of classes 22.5N and 32.5N - in age 7 days;
- for all strength classes, except for class 22.5, a division of cements according to hardening speed into normal-hardening and fast-hardening has been introduced, which will minimize cement consumption in construction due to its optimal selection by hardening speed.
According to GOST 31108-2003, the designations of cements will change. The symbol for cement will consist of:
- names of cement (CEM I - Portland cement, CEM II - Portland cement with mineral additives);
- Portland cement with mineral additives is divided into subtypes A and B - for subtype A the amount of mineral additives is limited from 6% to 20%, for type B - from 21% to 35%;
- abbreviated designation of cement, including the designation of the type and subtype of cement and the type of additive (granulated slag is designated by the letter Ш; pozzolana - P; composition of slag and pozzolana (tripoli, opoka) - K (Ш-П));
- strength class (22.5; 32.5; 42.5 and 52.5, which means the minimum compressive strength at 28 days, MPa);
- subclass designations (compressive strength at the age of 2 (7) days - N (normally hardening) and B (fast-hardening), except for class 22.5);
- designation of the standard to which the cement complies.
Examples of symbols:
1. Portland cement class 42.5, normal hardening:
Portland cement CEM I 42.5N GOST 31108-2003;
2. Portland cement with slag from 6% to 20%, strength class 32.5, quick-hardening:
Portland cement with slag TsEM II/A-Sh 32.5B GOST 31108-2003;
3. Portland cement with slag from 21% to 35%, strength class 32.5, normal hardening:
Portland cement with slag TsEM II/V-Sh 32.5N GOST 31108-2003;
4. Composite Portland cement with a total content of granulated blast furnace slag and pozzolan from 6% to 20%, strength class 32.5, normal hardening:
Composite Portland cement with slag TsEM II/A-K (Sh-P) 32.5N GOST 31108-2003.
When producing cement according to GOST 31108-2003, auxiliary components can be added in an amount of 5% to all types of cements (including CEM I). Any mineral or inert additives regulated by GOST 31108-2003 can be used as auxiliary components of cement. Auxiliary components should not significantly increase the water demand of cement, nor reduce the durability of concrete or the protection of reinforcement from corrosion.
The correspondence of cement designations (by plant) according to GOST 10178-85 and GOST 31108-2003 is relative due to differences in material compositions and differences in test methods, however, the construction and technical properties of cement produced according to GOST 31108-2003 are comparable to cement produced according to GOST 10178-85.
Other GOSTs:
A hydraulic binder obtained by finely grinding special cement clinker with gypsum, adding special additives classified as construction cement mixture. The 400 grade itself means that during the hardening process this sample will be able to withstand a load of more than 400 kg/m3.
Just like any other type of building material, cement varies according to its physical and technical properties and this depends on the conditions in which it is intended to be used.
According to the state standard GOST 10178-85, the symbol used must necessarily consist of the following components:
- Name. For example, Portland slag cement, Portland cement. The state standard allows the use of an abbreviated form of this name - ShPTs and PTs, respectively;
- Stamps;
- Mandatory indication of the maximum content of additives – D0, D5, D20;
- It is also necessary to specify the fast-hardening material. In this case, the letter B is used;
- In the case of hydrophobization and plasticization it is written - GF, PL;
- In the case when it is obtained using clinker from a standardized composition, it is designated by the letter H;
- At the end, the standard to which the product meets is confirmed.
For clarity, the abbreviation PC 400-D20-B-PL GOST 10178-85, denoting Portland cement of grade 400, the additives of which are equal to a share of 20%, it is quick-hardening and plasticized.
Specifications
To find out the characteristics of M400 cement, we will use technical standards. As a rule, to check quality, finished products are necessarily subjected to control. All this is necessary, first of all, because concrete structures, which consist of this material, were stable and reliable. in a loose state it ranges between 1,000 and 1,110 kg/m3, and in a dense state - from 1,500 to 1,700 kg/m3.
Application area
M400 is a well-known mixture that is indispensable in hydraulic engineering and transport construction, in the construction of underground and above-ground facilities, as well as buildings and structures located under water and in mineralized waters.
Widely used in production process reinforced concrete structures and has long found its popularity among European and domestic builders, while in many qualities it outperforms other brands.
Since it is completely non-corrosive after contact with a sulphate environment, it is therefore an excellent component in the manufacturing process of various building mixtures. It is also worth noting that different materials may vary during use. Let's look at this in more detail later.
Brands and properties
It is considered the most, has excellent water resistance properties, which is why it is very popular in the construction of underground and underwater structures. At the same time, they are often used in the production of free reinforced concrete and concrete structures, as well as in order to create specialized mortars.
The mixture contains no more than 20% active mineral additives. This type is used in the construction of residential, industrial and agricultural institutions. With its help, various mortars are produced. At the same time, it is widely used in the process of working with a variety of slabs, beams, floors, as well as curb and foundation blocks, road and sidewalk slabs, wall panels. Hardens within 11 hours. You can buy cement PC 400 d20 wholesale with delivery at any construction market. TO distinctive features this brand can be attributed to good frost resistance, and very high water resistance.
It is most often used in the industrial production of reinforced concrete structures and products. What is typical for this type of quick-hardening mixture is that the strength increases rapidly, which is clearly visible even after the first minutes of hardening.
Price
For M-400 cement, the price per ton fluctuates around 3,300 rubles.
Let's take a closer look average cost in Moscow in accordance with individual types.
Packing in bags.
Cement is a binder inorganic substance in the form of a dry powder, which, when interacting with water, forms a plastic solution, which after some time, as a result of a physical and chemical process, turns into solid state. This material is able to harden and maintain its strength in both water and air.
Cement grade m400
M400 is cement made from gypsum, finely ground clinker and specialized additives. The number 400 indicates that after hardening the mixture can withstand loads of up to 400 kg/cm.
This is produced construction material in accordance with technical standards, and quality finished products is strictly controlled, since concrete structures that contain cement must have high levels of stability and reliability.
Characteristic
M400 is a cement with high strength, frost resistance, water resistance, durability and anti-corrosion properties. This is perhaps the most popular brand for household and industrial construction. It can be used as a binder in mortar or concrete, and can also be used in the construction of reinforced concrete structures, since the strength is quite suitable for such buildings. This material has received well-deserved recognition from European and Russian builders.
Advantages and disadvantages
M400 is a cement endowed with a number of advantages:
- Availability of high strength characteristics.
- Resistant to moisture, temperature changes and corrosive wear.
- Long service life of reinforced concrete structures.
- Can be used in any climatic zones, without application Thus, M400 is a cement that can perfectly withstand even critical temperatures.
- Wide range of applications. Can be used for plastering and masonry, foundation construction, etc.
- Another important advantage is the absence of cracks even when deviating from the technology.
- In addition, the M400 is much cheaper than higher brands, which allows you to save on your budget.
The only drawback of the M400 is its durability. It is not suitable for construction high-rise buildings. In all other respects, this brand of cement only wins.
Marking
The marking "M400" means that the compressive strength of this material is 400 kgf/cm². It also reflects the presence of plasticizers. Additives increase the anti-corrosion characteristics and water resistance of the mixture, which allows it to be used for the production of highly capable compounds that can work in conditions of aggressive environments or humidity. The percentage of additives can reach up to 20%. This designation is applied to bags after the letter “D”.
Application
As a rule, the features and amount of additives directly affect the area of application of cement. Eg:
- D0 is Portland cement without additives. It has a general purpose and is used for cooking standard solution. This cement is used to make most concrete structures used in conditions of high humidity.
- D5 - used for manufacturing load-bearing elements With high density, for example floor slabs. This cement is characterized by corrosion resistance and greater hydrophobicity.
- D20 - used in production reinforced concrete products(curbs, prefabricated foundation blocks, paving slabs). This Portland cement is characterized by a rapid increase in strength at the beginning of hardening. Concrete made on the basis of D20 sets within 12 hours.
Cement M400 (50 kg): price
The price of the described material cannot be called high, and it depends on the type, type, properties and volume of the ordered batch. To find out the cost of a bag of M400 cement, you need to divide the price of 1 ton by the number of bags in 1 ton, i.e. by 40.
Every consumer is naturally interested in purchasing materials at a better price - cheaper. So what affects the price in our case? Let's get a look:
- The presence of mineral additives significantly reduces the cost of Portland cement, since its percentage in the mixture fluctuates. Thus, M400 cement with a high percentage of slag content will cost less than without additives.
- Plasticizers, on the contrary, increase its price.
- Another factor is the fineness of grinding: the better the clinker granules are crushed in production, the higher the activity of the mixture, and, accordingly, the higher the cost.
- The cost of kg of M400 cement is necessarily influenced by the manufacturer. Since they are all located in different parts of the country, their transportation costs are different.
- The price is also affected by packaging, because selling this material in bulk or packaged in bags of 25 kg or 50 kg are completely different things, since the costs of the bags themselves, packaging fees, etc. will be taken into account.
M400 cement (bag) costs on average 190-225 rubles.
When purchasing the material described, it is best to choose Portland cement, which is packaged in bags. Despite the fact that the price difference will be about 20%, you will be confident in its “age” and quality. The fact is that it is small - only 6 months, but over time it gradually begins to lose its qualities, and the brand goes down.
The production date of the packaged material is applied directly to the bag. When buying by weight, you will have to take the seller’s word for it. Storage conditions also matter, since when moisture gets into the cement, an irreversible hydration process begins. It is much easier to protect airtight bags from moisture than a filled mound. It is not economically profitable to use old, caked cement.
Cement(from lat. " caementum» – “crushed stone, broken stone”) is an inorganic binder (powder), which, when mixed with water, forms a plastic dough and after a certain time, due to physical and chemical processes, is capable of turning into a stone-like state. Cement, as a hydraulic binder, is capable of hardening and maintaining its strength both in water and in air.
Types and brands of cements
Exist the following types cements:
- Romancement.
- Portland cement.
- Magnesia cement.
- Acid-resistant cement.
- Aluminous cement.
Since Portland cement is currently one of the most common. Let's take a closer look at what Portland cement is, its types and scope of application.
Portland cement– a hydraulic binder, a product of fine grinding of cement clinker with a small addition of gypsum (3...5%), the composition of which consists of calcium silicates (alite and belit - 70...80%).
Cement clinker is a granular mixture consisting of calcium carbonate ( different types limestone) and aluminosilicates (clays, marl, blast furnace slag, etc.), which is obtained by firing before sintering at a temperature of 1400...1450 o C. Gypsum is added to Portland cement to regulate the setting time. The name "Portland cement" comes from the name of the island of Portland (Portland, England), where it is mined. natural stone, same color.
Varieties of Portland cement are obtained by regulating the mineralogical composition, introducing mineral and organic additives, which have their own special properties and scope of application. The following types of Portland cement exist:
- Portland cement without additives (PC).
- Portland cement with mineral additives.
- Rapid hardening Portland cement (RPC).
- Extra-fast hardening Portland cement (OHTPC).
- Slag Portland cement (SPC).
- Sulfate-resistant Portland cements (SPC).
- Plasticized Portland cement.
- Hydrophobic Portland cement.
- Portland cement based on clinker of standardized composition (N)
- Decorative Portland cements.
1. Portland cement without additives (PC)
Cement is gray-green in color, which, apart from gypsum, contains no mineral additives. According to GOST 10178-85, Portland cement without additives is produced in the following grades: 400, 500, 550 and 600. Designation: PTs-500-D0 (PTs - Portland cement, 500 - cement grade, D0 - without additives (0% additives)). Applicable for the construction of above-ground, underground, underwater monolithic and prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures in the absence of aggressive influence of mineralized or fresh water. PC-400-D0 is ideal for preparing concrete mixtures and mortars.
2. Portland cement with mineral additives
Cement in the composition, which contains the following additives:
- granulated blast furnace slag – up to 20%;
- natural active mineral additives (opoka, tripolite) – up to 10%;
- various active mineral additives – up to 15%.
The introduction of mineral additives into Portland cement improves its properties, such as water resistance, corrosion resistance, reduces heat generation, but also Negative influence– its frost resistance deteriorates. By introducing a mineral additive, cement clinker is saved without significantly changing the strength characteristics, thus it is cheaper compared to additive-free Portland cement.
According to GOST 10178-85, Portland cement with mineral additives is produced in the following grades: 400, 500, 550 and 600. Designation: PC-500-D5 or PC-400-D20 (D5 or D20 is the percentage of mineral additive in Portland cement).
Applicable Such cement is used in all areas of construction; it can replace ordinary Portland cement, except in those cases where it is necessary to obtain structures with a high grade of frost resistance. For example, cement grade PTs-400-D20 is widely used for laying foundations and used for preparing plaster mortars.
3. Rapid-hardening Portland cement (RPC)
This cement is obtained by finely grinding alito-aluminate clinker (specific surface 3500...4000 cm 2 /g) and adjusting the mineralogical composition, - is introduced a large number of tricalcium silicate and tricalcium aluminate (C 3 S>50%, (C 3 S+C 3 A)>60 – 65%). This composition and fine grinding of BTC ensures a rapid increase in strength: after approximately 3 days from the moment of mixing with water, the compressive strength is at least 25...28 MPa. Further, after 3 days, the rate of strength gain slows down, and on the 28th day the strength is practically no different from ordinary Portland cement at the same age. Thus, BTC is in demand where it is necessary to obtain high strength concrete in the initial stages of hardening.
Rapid-hardening Portland cement (BTC), according to GOST 10178-85, is produced in grades M400 and M500.
Application. Effectively used for large volumes of production of prefabricated reinforced concrete products and concreting during negative temperatures. The advantages of using such cements include a significant reduction in cement consumption; at enterprises producing reinforced concrete products, the time of heat and humidity treatment is reduced or steaming is completely avoided.
Restrictions: It is prohibited to use this cement for the construction of massive structures. Concrete made from BTC is not sulfate-resistant.
4. Extra-fast hardening Portland cement (OHTPC)
It consists of PC clinker containing alitite C 3 S in the range of 65 ÷ 68% and tricalcium aluminate C 3 A not more than 8%, and gypsum is also added. Particularly fine grinding (specific surface 4000...4500 cm 2 /g or more) ensures rapid strength gain in the initial stages of hardening, as well as a high grade of cement (M600, M700)
Applicable for the construction of monolithic and prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Mineral additives are not allowed to be added to the OBTPC composition.
5. Slag Portland cement (SPC)
Cement, to which granulated blast furnace slag (20...80%) is added. Slag portlan cement has reduced heat generation, less shrinkage during hardening and swelling in water compared to ordinary Portland cement, slower setting and hardening times. According to GOST 10178‑85, Portland slag cement is produced in the following grades: 300, 400, 500. Designation: ШПЦ-400 (Ш – slag additive).
Application: mainly intended for the construction of above-ground structures, as well as for underground and underwater structures that are exposed to fresh and mineralized water.
6. Sulfate-resistant Portland cements (SPC)
Produced by regulating the mineralogical composition: tricalcium silicate - no more than 50%, tricalcium aluminate - no more than 5%, C3A+C4AF - no more than 22%. The composition includes magnesium oxide (5%) and aluminum oxide (5%).
SPCs are divided into:
- sulfate-resistant Portland cement (grade 400);
- sulfate-resistant Portland cement with mineral additives (grade 400, 500);
- sulfate-resistant slag cement (grade 300, 400);
- pozzolanic Portland cement (grade 300, 400).
These cements intended for the production of concrete used in very aggressive environments. They are also apply for the production of concrete with increased frost resistance. For underground and underwater hydraulic structures and structures that are subject to sulfate corrosion, it is advisable to use sulfate-resistant Portland slag cement and sulfate-resistant pozzolanic Portland cement. Since sulfate-resistant Portland cement has a reduced exotherm, it can be used for the construction of massive structures.
According to GOST 10178-85, in table 1 The mineralogical composition of some sulfate-resistant Portland cements is presented.
Table 1
| Composition and mineral content, % by weight | Clinker for production | |||
| sulfate-resistant Portland cement | sulfate-resistant Portland cement with mineral additives | sulfate-resistant slag cement | Pozzolanic Portland cement | |
| Tricalcium silicate 3CaO·SiO2, no more | 50 | Not standardized | ||
| Tricalcium aluminate 3CaO Al 2 O 3, no more | 5 | 5 | 8 | – |
| Sum of tricalcium aluminate 3CaO·Al 2 O 3 and tetracalcium aluminoferrite 4CaO·Al 2 O 3 ·Fe 2 O 3, no more | 22 | 22 | Not standardized | |
| Magnesium oxide MgO, no more | 5 | 5 | 5 | – |
7. Plasticized Portland cement
At a cement plant, a hydrophilic-plasticizing additive, for example, technical lignosulfonate (LST), is introduced into the clinker at the grinding stage. This surfactant (surfactant) additive, when mixed with water, forms adsorption films of a hydrophilic nature, which are deposited on the surface of the cement particle and thus “help” to wet the cement more completely with water, which leads to increase in plasticity concrete mixture. The surfactant is introduced in an amount of 0.1...0.3% by weight of cement. Thanks to plasticized additives, the strength of concrete increases by reducing the W/C (water-cement ratio), or helps reduce the consumption of expensive cement by 8...10%. Plasticized Portland cement has improved properties, such as density, water resistance, and frost resistance.
8. Hydrophobic Portland cement
Hydrophobic surfactants are introduced into the CP clinker in an amount of 0.1÷0.3% by weight of cement. There are many hydrophobic additives, the most common are soap naft, asidol, oxidized petrolatum, and synthetic fatty acids. Hydrophobic additives reduce water absorption and capillary suction, increase the water resistance and frost resistance of concrete up to F1000.
According to GOST 970-61 plasticized Portland cement is produced in the following grades: 300, 400, 500, 600 , 700 .
Hydrophobic Portland cement can almost completely retain its activity for a long time, even in rooms with high humidity.
Application: Hydrophobic cement It is advisable to use it for the construction of hydraulic engineering, road and airfield structures.
9. Portland cement based on clinker of standardized composition (N)
The mineralogical composition and used for construction very responsible and important structures(bridges, power transmission line and contact network supports, airfield pavements).
10. White and colored Portland cements
These are decorative hydraulic binders obtained by using carbonate rocks and clays with a very low content of iron oxides (up to 0.4...0.5%) and manganese (up to 0.005...0.15%) to produce white clinker, introducing gypsum additives, white diatomite (up to 6%) and pigments in cement clinker.
White Portland cement is also subjected to bleaching due to the reduction of Fe 2 C>3 to Fe 3 O 4.
When pigments such as red lead, ultramarine, cobalt, chromium, manganese and others are added to clinker, colored cements are obtained. Pigments are added in the following quantities:
- mineral and synthetic – no more than 15%;
- organic – no more than 0.3%.
Decorative Portland cements are produced in the following grades: 300, 400 and 500.
In decorative cements apply For finishing works and are designed to improve the aesthetic appearance of buildings and structures.
Field of application of Portland cements
Below in table 2 The main characteristics and scope of application of the most common Portland cements are given.
Using the table, you can determine which type of Portland cement is more appropriate to use for a given case.
table 2
| Type of Portland cement | Brand | Compound | Peculiarities | Main purpose | Not allowed to be used | Not effective to use |
| Portland cement without additives(PC-DO) | 400 | Cement clinker + gypsum addition (3 – 5%) |
|
Production of monolithic and prefabricated concrete, reinforced concrete structures from concrete class C15-C25. Allowed to be used for concrete with specific operating conditions, subject to additional testing of the cement for resistance to aggressive influences | Replace sulfate-resistant cements (except for use in slightly aggressive environments) | For mortars, it is not recommended to use without preliminary testing (for durability) in concrete and structures with special properties |
| 500 | Cement clinker + gypsum addition (3 – 5%), fine grinding |
|
Production of monolithic and prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures from concrete class C20-C30. Can be used for concrete with specific operating conditions, subject to additional testing of cement for resistance to aggressive influences | For the production of concrete of class less than C15 | ||
| 550, 600 | Cement clinker + gypsum addition (3 – 5%), very fine grinding |
|
Production of monolithic and prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures from concrete class C35 and higher | Use instead of sulfate-resistant cements, for low-heat concretes | For the production of concrete of class less than C30 | |
| Portland cement based on clinker of normalized mineralogical composition(PC-DO-N) | 400, 500 | Cement clinker + gypsum addition (3 – 5%), very fine grinding, strictly controlled mineralogical composition |
|
Road and airfields, contact network supports and power line coverings, bridges, culverts, sleepers, etc. Can be used instead of PC-DO M400, M500 | Replace sulfate-resistant cements in moderately and highly aggressive environments | For mortars |
| Rapid hardening Portland cement(BTC)GOST 10178-85 | 400, 500 | Cement clinker with a large amount of tricalcium silicate and tricalcium aluminate (C 3 S>50%, (C 3 S+C 3 A)>60 - 65%) + fine grinding |
|
For all reinforced concrete structures. Effective for monolithic construction, as well as for prefabricated structures | Massive structures | For mortars |
| Portland cement with mineral additives(PC-D5) | 400 | Cement clinker + gypsum additive (3 – 5%) + granulated blast furnace slag (up to 5%) or natural active mineral additives (opka, tripolite, up to 5%) or other active mineral additives (up to 5%) |
|
Production of monolithic and prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures from concrete class C15-C25 | To replace sulfate-resistant cements (except in cases of slightly aggressive environments). | For mortars |
| 500 | Production of monolithic and prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures from concrete class C20-C30 | To replace sulfate-resistant cements; for low-heat concrete | For the production of concrete classes less than C15 | |||
| 550, 600 |
|
Production of monolithic and prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures from concrete class C35 and higher. | For the production of concrete classes less than C30 | |||
| Portland cement with mineral additives up to 20%(PC-D20) | 400 | Cement clinker + gypsum additive (3 – 5%) + granulated blast furnace slag (up to 20%) or natural active mineral additives (opka, tripolite, up to 10%) or other active mineral additives (up to 15%) |
|
Monolithic and prefabricated structures made of concrete of class C15 - C25; by adding a superplasticizer, concrete of class C40 can be obtained | To replace sulfate-resistant cements (except in cases of slightly aggressive environments), for the production of concrete with frost resistance grade F200 and higher without air-entraining additives | For mortars |
| 500 |
|
Monolithic and prefabricated reinforced concrete structures with concrete class C20 - C30. By adding a superplasticizer, it is possible to obtain concrete of class C40 and higher | To replace sulfate-resistant cements; for low-heat concrete, for concrete with frost resistance grade F200 and higher without air-entraining additives. | Production of concrete below class C15 | ||
| Slag Portland cement(SHPC) | 300 | Cement clinker + gypsum addition (3 – 5%) + granulated blast furnace slag (20÷80%). |
|
Monolithic and prefabricated reinforced concrete structures with HME class C20 for massive above-ground, underground and underwater structures that are exposed to aggressive mineral and fresh water; mortars, can be used instead of sulfate-resistant cements | For concrete with frost resistance grade F100 or more. For heavy concrete with a hardening temperature below 10 o C and no heating | For work in conditions of alternating wetting and drying |
| 400 |
|
Monolithic and prefabricated reinforced concrete structures with provision of HME with class C25 for massive above-ground, underground and underwater structures that are exposed to the aggressive effects of mineral and fresh waters; mortars | Production of concrete with frost resistance grade F100 and higher without air-entraining additives, | For concrete work under conditions of alternate wetting and drying | ||
| 500 |
|
Monolithic and prefabricated reinforced concrete structures with provision of HME with class C15 - C30. You can add a superplasticizer to obtain concrete class C40 | For concrete of class below C 15, for concrete with frost resistance grade F200 and higher without air-entraining additives | |||
| Sulfate resistant Portland cement(SSPC)GOST 22266-94 | 400, 500 | Tricalcium silicate – no more than 50%, tricalcium aluminate – no more than 5%, C3A+C4AF – no more than 22%. The composition includes magnesium oxide (5%) and aluminum oxide (5%). |
|
Monolithic and prefabricated reinforced concrete structures operating in highly aggressive environments containing a concentration of SO 2 4 ions; Cl; Mg2; CO 2 2 . Concrete working under conditions of alternating freezing and thawing, wetting and drying, manufacturing of massive structures | For concretes that do not have high requirements for sulfate resistance and (or) frost resistance | |
| Sulfate-resistant Portland cement with mineral additives(SSPTs-D20) | 400, 500 | Tricalcium silicate – no more than 50%, tricalcium aluminate – no more than 5%, C3A+C4AF – no more than 22%. The composition includes magnesium oxide (5%) and aluminum oxide (5%) + mineral additives 20% |
|
Monolithic and prefabricated reinforced concrete structures operating in highly aggressive environments containing a concentration of SO 2 4 ions; Cl; Mg2; CO 2 2 . Can be used instead of PC-D20 | For concrete with frost resistance grade F200 and higher without air-entraining additives, for mortars | |
| Sulfate-resistant slag Portland cement (SSSHPC)GOST 22266-94 | 300, 400 | Tricalcium silicate – no more than 50%, tricalcium aluminate – no more than 5%, C3A+C4AF – no more than 22%. The composition includes magnesium oxide (5%) and aluminum oxide (5%) + addition of blast furnace slag |
|
For sulfate-resistant underground and underwater concrete and reinforced concrete structures, for use as low-heat cement | Application in the zone of alternating freezing - thawing, humidification - drying | |
| Pozzolanic Portland cement(PPC)GOST 22266-94 | 300, 400 | Cement clinker + gypsum additive (3 – 5%) + active mineral additive |
|
For underground and underwater structures in highly aggressive environments and exposed to soft waters. For internal arrays of hydraulic structures. | For above-ground structures operated in conditions of high humidity | Application in the zone of alternating freezing - thawing, moistening and drying; for the production of products and structures using HME in frost-resistant concrete when hardening in dry, hot and winter conditions; under conditions of alternate moistening and drying |
| Plasticizing Portland cementGOST 10178-85 | 400, 500 | PC + hydrophilic surfactant additive |
|
Production of monolithic and prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures. In mass production of reinforced concrete products, but some exposure is required before steaming (SST) of products | Not recommended for the production of foam concrete and for the preparation of very hard compositions | |
| Hydrophobic Portland cementGOST 10178-85 | 400, 500 | PC + hydrophobic surfactant additive |
|
In the production of concrete for road and airfield construction. Hydraulic structures for cladding and plastering of buildings | 6060 06/06/2019 5 min.
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