Walking robot drawings and diagram. Ten homemade robots. At first there was paranoia

Part II. Joints and ligaments.

Tell students that joints allow our limbs to bend and ligaments hold the bones of our skeleton together. How will the mobility of parts in a robot be ensured, the parts of which must freely change their position relative to each other?

Have teams find the following pins in their robotics kit boxes.

Ask students in teams to connect two beams with each pin and test the rotation of the beams relative to each other. Beams connected by which pins rotate more freely?

Make a conclusion about which pins are most suitable for movable joints.
Ask the question, what other elements from the construction set can students suggest using in places of movable joints in addition to pins?

Part III. Prototyping a robot leg.

Have each team member make a schematic drawing in their notebook for a walking robot or the part of it that is responsible for walking. When creating a diagram, have them focus only on the parts from the existing kit. Upon completion, students should discuss their schemes within their teams:

1. Are there different proposals for the type of robot movement? According to the fundamental structure of the pedipulator (pedis - leg, lat., the concept was introduced by analogy with the manipulator)?
2. What trajectory, in their opinion, is described by the extreme points of the resulting pedipulators relative to the robot?

Have students create a diagram similar to the following:

Ask to set the gear in motion through an axle and ask if the free beam attached to the gear can be considered a prototype leg? What happens if you place some surface underneath the beam? Will a robot be able to rely on such a leg? What's missing from this design?

To add additional rigidity to this “leg” design, change the mechanism to:

Note that with this design the beam no longer dangles freely - it is fixed on top, which gives it additional support. And due to the fact that the beam is now fixed in two places, its lower end now strictly describes a certain trajectory.
Add a surface again under the bottom end of the beam. What happens when the gear rotates?

Explain that we will consider this design to be the first prototype of a leg. Now it needs to be transferred to the motor.
Before doing this, ask students to identify critical points in the design that should then be found on the motor.

If you look at the motor, it also has places for attaching parts of the pedipulator.


Students will now need to transfer the entire structure needed to create the pedipulator onto the motor. The work should be done in pairs - each pair makes a pedipulator on one motor. The end result is this:


Ask students to connect a motor to a controller and write a program on the block to move one motor for a few seconds.


The transfer of the prototype to the robot motor was a success!

After observing the system, have students construct a diagram of the system in their notebooks. mechanical system, and also put down the dimensions. If some dimensions must be calculated, then students must describe the process of calculating these quantities.

Very often on various forums or websites dedicated to robotics you can come across the following question: how to make a robot from scrap materials?
With such questions, it is immediately clear that the person who asks them is a beginner and knows little about robotics. But oddly enough, you CAN make a robot from scrap materials...you just need to be smart.

Introduction

I didn't set out to write some grandiose book or comprehensive training course. I just wanted to answer the questions of such newcomers. Actually, I won’t waste time and will immediately describe how you can make a simple robot that would respond to environment, or rather, avoided obstacles.

Preparation

I think you understand that to create a robot you need certain parts. Namely:
1. 1. two motors of 1.5 volts each
2. 2. two SPDT switches
3. 3. two batteries
4. 4. one housing for these batteries
5. 5. one plastic ball with a through hole
6. 6. three paper clips
7. 7. some wiring

Step 1

We have wiring. We cut 13 wires, 6 cm each.


Now remove 1 cm of insulation from each wire from both ends with pliers or a knife.


Step 2

Using a soldering iron, we attach two wires to the motors and three wires to the SPDT switches.


Step 3

Take the battery case. On one side of it there are red and black wires. Therefore, we solder another wire to the other side.


Now turn the battery holder upside down and use glue to glue the SPDT switches in a V shape.


Step 4 Next, we glue our two motors to the battery housing so that they rotate forward.

Step 5

Take a large paper clip. Let's bend it. We get one wire. We take a plastic or metal ball and through through hole dragging through" former paperclip"Now we glue this structure to the battery holder.


Step 6

The most difficult process. You need to solder and solder all the wiring correctly. How to do this is shown in the figure.


Step 7

In order for our robot to react to the world around it and be able to avoid obstacles, we will make antennas for it. We take two paper clips and unbend them.


Next, we glue them to the SPDT switches (it is better to glue them than to solder them - otherwise you can solder the switches through).


Step 8

To protect the motor axles from damage, we will cover them with rubber. To do this, you can take the insulation from the wire and put it on the axle.


Step 9

Well? So you and I have made the first simple robot that reacts to obstacles and goes around them. To make this robot move, insert batteries and vice versa. And to speed up the robot’s movement or slow it down, glue the motors, as in the picture.

Conclusion

In this article we looked at the creation of the most basic robot.
But you don’t want and won’t stop there, right?

It perfectly imitates real living creatures that live with us on our planet. Making such a robot is not difficult, but you need to have the desire and some skills in the field of electronics.

Materials and tools:
- a piece of copper wire;
- two AA battery holders;
- two monolithic ceramic capacitor 0.22 mF each;
- one resistor with a nominal value of 3.3M;
- 74НСТ240 octal inverter chip for eight channels (one);
- 20 pin DIP 74ХХ240 or 74ХХ245 (one);
- servomotor (one);
- switch;
- one plastic gear;
- wire connector.

Manufacturing process:

Step one. Gear preparation
You need to take a plastic gear and cut it into two equal parts. Then you need to remove the horn and use glue to secure it to one semicircle.

Also at this stage you will need plastic straw of a suitable diameter, it needs to be glued to the semicircle. The servomotor horn is subsequently placed in its original place. You then need to put a plastic tube on the copper wire. At this stage, the work can be considered completed.

You need to launch such a robot on flat surface. To prevent his legs from slipping, you can put cambrics on their ends.

Walkers made from paper clips and a motor are not just homemade toys, but also a whole arsenal of technological techniques and engineering thinking.

Making such a robot with your own hands is not only interesting, but also develops fine motor skills of the fingers, and for a child it will be a revelation - after all, a real walking robot is created out of nothing!

To assemble a simple working robot from ordinary paper clips with your own hands, you will need several simple and easily accessible materials. Firstly, these are the metal clamps themselves, as well as a small set of tools. The tools you will need are a soldering iron, solder, pliers, wire cutters, round nose pliers, and also a small Electrical engine with gearbox and battery for it.

First, you need to make a support frame from a long and thick paper clip, that is, bend it into a rectangle and securely solder its ends with solder. Parts and elements of the robot will be installed on this frame during the assembly process.

Next, you need to make loops on which the robot’s legs will be attached. They will need to be soldered to the rectangular frame using a soldering iron. Then the small legs of the walking robot are made from paper clips. In this case, it is advisable to first assemble the complex front legs, and then all the rest.

After assembling the robot's limbs, you need to start making the crankshaft. The clamp for it must be strong and absolutely even.

The crankshaft should be carefully prepared using pliers and round nose pliers. When the shaft is finished, it should be carefully placed on the motor gear. After this, special connecting rods are made that will connect the robot's legs to the crankshaft. The gear is then soldered to the crankshaft.

Then a battery and a switch are installed on the robot frame. If everything is done correctly, the robot will begin to walk.

Here is a video instruction on how to make a homemade walking robot from paper clips with your own hands, watch it if you don’t understand something from the article.