home · On a note · Universal boiler for heating houses. How to choose a universal combination boiler for heating a country house. Features of operation of universal boilers

Universal boiler for heating houses. How to choose a universal combination boiler for heating a country house. Features of operation of universal boilers

Most often, a gas boiler is used to organize an autonomous heating system, but many users may encounter problems such as the high cost of connecting to the nearest gas pipeline and interruptions in the supply of main gas. When using an electric boiler, the problem can be large bills for electricity, or even outages in the power grid, which will interfere with the rational and stable operation of the boiler.

In such a situation, a combined or universal boiler will come to the rescue, capable of operating on two or more types of fuel, eliminating interruptions in heating and allowing the use of fuel that is most accessible or economically advantageous in this moment for the buyer. A combi boiler can use one type of fuel at first, and when it runs out, switch to another type, providing continuous heating.

Design (diagram) of a combined boiler

The main elements of a combined heating boiler are similar to those of a conventional boiler - a heat exchanger, a heat-insulated body, as well as automation for control and monitoring. The coolant, passing through the heat exchanger, heats up and then moves through the heating system, giving off the resulting thermal energy rooms through radiators, heated towel rails, and heated floors.

In addition to the heat exchanger, an important part of combined boilers operating on gas or diesel fuel is the burner, which can be of various types and functionality (main and liquefied gas, atmospheric, modulating, etc.). To control the boiler in modern models automation is used with various settings and functions (for example, weather-sensitive control system, overheating protection, etc.).

Like others heating boilers, a combination boiler can be single-circuit (for heating only) or double-circuit (heating + hot water supply). For getting hot water from single-circuit boiler an external boiler can be connected to it indirect heating. Combination heating boilers have a floor installation and are recommended for installation in separate room boiler room with good ventilation (this is especially true for boilers using solid fuel, as well as gas and diesel boilers with an open combustion chamber).

For small country cottages, country houses, household plots and small farms most often choose combined double-circuit boilers on two types of fuel small and medium power, and for large economic and industrial facilities - boilers with a power of 40-50 kW or more, using three or even four types of fuel for heating without interruptions.

Selecting the power of a combi boiler

The choice of power of a combined boiler, like other boilers, is carried out according to the standard formula - 1 kW boiler power for heating 10 m2 of well-insulated room with a ceiling height of up to 3 m.

If there are insufficiently insulated rooms (or with big losses heat – drafts, large glazing, frequently opening doors), for example, winter garden, rooms with non-standard ceilings, semi-basements and basements, the boiler power must be increased. A power reserve (about 20-50%) is also required when providing a boiler and hot water supply.

As an example, here are several combination boilers presented on Russian market boiler equipment. Famous German manufacturer boiler equipment Buderus (Buderus), whose products have long become the standard of quality and reliability, offers a large assortment floor-standing combined boilers operating on liquid (diesel) fuel, on various types gas and even biofuels.

IN country houses, country cottages settling in autonomous system heating. Traditionally, in the absence of a centralized gas pipeline, the main source of fuel is wood or coal. Conventional stoves are being replaced by modern units that are small in size and can be built into any limited space. Many people prefer to buy universal heating boilers for a private home, which have a pronounced economic effect.

Features of solid fuel devices

Compact and convenient units can be independently installed in any type of room if there is a good smoke exhaust system. Their advantages include:

  • Environmentally friendly, thanks to the use of firewood as fuel;
  • Economical consumption achieved by the special design of the device;
  • Possibility of using several types of fuel at once;
  • Energy independence from electricity;
  • Affordable price and no need for coordination with permitting services;
  • Availability additional options as hobs, electric heating elements etc.

Currently, manufacturing companies offer wide choose products that differ not only in appearance, but also in its power. The main coolant in closed system is water, therefore, for the convenience of users, models with a dual-circuit cycle are produced. One of them is designed for heating indoor air, and the second for uninterrupted supply of hot water used for domestic needs.
The price of universal heating boilers for a private home is largely determined by the thickness and material of the body, as well as the presence additional sensors. Wherein domestic models will cost significantly less than their foreign counterparts.

Such boilers as universal ones are devices designed for heating residential and non-residential premises, which simultaneously work with many types of fuel. There are several types of boilers (universal): combined and multi-fuel; these types of boilers differ only in the heating pad, which can combine work with several types of fuel.

Gas and diesel fuel

Manufacturers decided to combine cheap fuel with the most expensive, this combination forced them to go to extremes.

The peculiarity of gas and diesel boilers is that there are not very significant differences in the burner. The universal heating boiler operates both on liquefied gas and on main gas, and can also perform heating on diesel fuel. By using minimum sets settings, some parts of the burner are changed and changed. A representative or service specialist can handle such tasks very easily. And the most important thing is that none of the above types of fuel practically affects thermal power boiler, because it continues to effectively heat the room in the same spirit. This type of boiler, a universal one, is a combined heating boiler, which is intended for heating large rooms.

Gas, diesel fuel and solid fuel

In the 21st century many foreign organizations they say that the wood firebox has already gone out of fashion and is considered undignified. But this fact does not mean that such boilers should be forgotten. This type of boiler can combine operation with several types of fuel (liquefied or main gas). As we all know, this boiler can also heat using: coal, coke, wood, wood and peat briquettes. It is for these reasons that you can use a boiler additional types fuel, which from a combination boiler makes it universal.

Initially, this device is solid fuel, which implies safety and (minimal) automation of processes. In addition, burners that operate on gas and diesel fuel are attachments(this type of boiler should not be considered as a device for heating water). In almost all parameters (functions): power, as well as safety and efficiency, this boiler loses in ease of use. Such a heating boiler is a universal - inexpensive unit; it is suitable for small rooms, small houses or summer cottages.

Gas, diesel and electricity

No one is forcing you to carry out the process of heating your living space with electricity when the diesel fuel is running out. The strength and power of the boiler is enough for quite for a long time, and there are also “spare” resources. If your reserves run out, then from the main fuel consumption (fuel), the burner switches to minimal use of fuel in order to save it.

Gas, diesel fuel, solid fuel and electricity

This unit allows the use of firewood and is popular among those people who are accustomed to monitoring expenses and counting money for using fuel. The boiler is able to combine work with many types of fuel (fuel), thanks to this fact, it is considered the most universal.

Types of universal boilers and their features

A universal boiler for heating residential premises according to the type of power supply, installation and fuel burned.

1. Boilers that run on gas.

Universal heating boilers that use gas as a heating resource are among the most popular on the market. This type of boiler can be wall-mounted or floor-mounted.

Wall-mounted - most suitable for use in small (small) spaces as they occupy a small area. This type of boiler works mainly to heat the system coolant; two circuits guarantee water heating in the residential water supply. A more expensive option is boilers that are placed on the floor. According to operating rules, such boilers must be located in separate rooms.

2.Diesel heating boilers.

Data diesel boilers, are constructive. You can replace the fuel in the heating pad. The process of ignition and combustion in a diesel boiler occurs and takes place in a special, open cell for combustion. This type of boiler should only be placed on the floor. The diesel boiler has one circuit.

3. Solid fuel boilers are the type of boilers that do not depend on electrical networks. For this reason, they are completely autonomous.

4. Electric heating boilers

Designed for heating small spaces, this type of boiler is used as a spare.

5.Universal boilers

In such boilers you can use Various types fuel (fuel), they are:

  • boiler with a compartment for the fuel liquefaction process;
  • boiler with burners that can be replaced;
  • wood generator.

Peculiarities:

  • material from which it is made: made of steel or cast iron;
  • installation methods, types of fastening: on the floor, wall (floor, wall);
  • number of circuits: one circuit, two circuits;
  • non-volatile;
  • neutralization and removal of exhaust gases: forced, natural.

The best manufacturers of universal heating boilers (review)

  • Ariston from 35 to 400 thousand rubles - Italy
  • BAXI from 17 to 800 thousand rubles - Italy
  • Beretta from 30 to 100 thousand rubles - Italy
  • Bosch from 20 to 300 thousand rubles - Germany
  • Buderus from 20 to 3 million rubles - Germany
  • Daewoo from 20 to 50 thousand rubles - Korea
  • Ferroli from 20 to 700 thousand rubles - Italy
  • ZhMZ from 10 to 40 thousand rubles - Russia
  • Conord from 10 to 40 thousand rubles - Russia

Universal boilers are those that heat water using thermal energy from combustion. different types fuel, namely gas or diesel fuel, or solid fuel.

The main advantage of universal boilers is their versatility, that is, the ability to burn different fuels in one boiler. This possibility exists because fuel combustion occurs not in the boiler, but in the burner installed on it. The boiler, in this case, performs exclusively the function of a heat exchanger. Depending on what type of fuel is supposed to be used, such a burner is installed on the boiler: gas, diesel, fuel oil or combined.

There are boilers on which, in addition to diesel or gas, you can install a pellet burner. True, this was originally solid fuel boilers, however, they can also be called universal. For example, Lamborghini boilers WBLs run on wood, coal, pellets and diesel fuel. The power of such boilers is 20-60 kW.

In what cases is a universal boiler required? For example, if main gas is not initially supplied to the heating facility, then a diesel burner, which in the future, in the event of gasification of the facility, can be replaced with gas.

A universal boiler in a diesel version also has an undeniable advantage - full automation and autonomy of the heating system. The disadvantages of diesel heating, first of all, include its high cost, as well as the need for a fuel storage facility.

Universal boilers have always been of interest to consumers. It is inconvenient to depend on one type of fuel, and choosing from several options is usually cheaper. Combination boilers combine up to four types of fuel: electricity, gas, solid and diesel fuel. Switching from one type of fuel to another is easy if the boiler has several fireboxes. When changing fuel, switch to another firebox or (if there is only one firebox) change the burner. The burner must be replaced by a specialist; doing this yourself is not recommended.

Of the listed types of fuel, diesel fuel is used less often than others due to high cost and inconveniences with delivery and storage. Universal gas-wood-electricity heating boilers are more convenient for a private home. Such boilers can have two circuits:

  1. single-circuit boilers are used for heating the premises;
  2. double-circuit - for heating and hot water supply.

Combination boilers usually have several fireboxes for different fuels - one can be for wood and coal, the second burns gas and diesel fuel. A boiler with several fireboxes is convenient in that several circuits with different temperatures. There are several separation options: floor heating, radiator - heated floor separation, etc. When purchasing boilers with separate heating, you need to pay attention to the design containing different heat exchangers.


The photo shows a diagram of the combination boiler

Advantages of gas-wood-electricity boilers

Technological features of modern combined boilers:

  • Built-in heating elements allow operation on any fuel and electricity.
  • The universal burner is used for gas and diesel fuel. The switch from one type of fuel to another is made by a switch.
  • Heat accumulators allow you to “conserve” excess heat and use it when there is insufficient heat from the boiler.

What you need to know when choosing a universal boiler

With all its versatility, one type of fuel should be the main one, and the boiler should be selected according to the type of main fuel. When purchasing an imported boiler, please note that the nameplate indicates the rated power, and not the maximum, as for Russian ones. Sellers usually also call maximum power. For each type of fuel, a universal boiler will have different power.

Some examples of combination boilers.

Single-circuit universal boiler Zota Dymok KOTV-20M (Russia)

The boiler is designed to operate in water heating systems for residential and industrial premises.

Main characteristics:

  1. fuel wood/electricity;
  2. power 20 kW;
  3. circuit 1;
  4. type of installation: floor;
  5. heating area 140 sq. m;
  6. heat exchanger steel;
  7. Efficiency 70%;
  8. chimney 150 mm;
  9. weight 108 kg;
  10. dimensions 750x400x705 mm.

The cost of the boiler is 25,000 rubles.

According to reviews, inexpensive and reliable. Ideal for country house and small production. The main advantages are simplicity, reliability and low price.



The photo shows the universal boiler Zota Dymok KOTV-20M

Single-circuit universal boiler Protherm Bizon 30 NL (Slovakia)

  1. gas and diesel power 27.1 kW;
  2. fuel - natural and liquefied gas, diesel fuel and fuel oil;
  3. open camera;
  4. heat exchanger cast iron;
  5. number of sections – 2;
  6. connecting a DHW boiler is possible;
  7. chimney diameter 150 mm;
  8. weight 121 kg;
  9. dimensions 870x450x385 mm.

The cost of the boiler is 41,300 rubles.

Reviews about the unit are positive. Buyers like the efficiency of the boiler. Heats up quickly and holds heat well. Some customers note difficulties in selecting a burner for this model.



The photo shows the universal boiler Protherm Bizon 30 NL

Combination boiler Ferroli Atlas 32 (Italy)

Designed to heat water below boiling point at atmospheric pressure. Digital interface, microprocessor. Frost protection, remote control, room thermostat.

Characteristics:

  • fuel natural gas, diesel fuel;
  • gas power 30 kW;
  • diesel power 30 kW;
  • heat exchanger cast iron;
  • combustion chamber is open;
  • connecting a hot water boiler;
  • chimney 100 mm;
  • weight 127 kg;
  • dimensions 850x500x400 mm.

Cost 54,100 rubles.

According to customer reviews, the boiler is very efficient. Fuel consumption is low, water heats up quickly. Great design, modern system management and control. Disadvantage: high cost.



The photo shows the universal boiler Ferroli Atlas 32

Conclusions - which combination boiler is better

When choosing, you should take into account the type of main fuel - when using this fuel, the boiler must produce maximum power. The type of reserve fuel determines the final choice of model. The final decision is made based on the financial capabilities and desires of the buyer. For a country house, cheaper and more reliable domestic models are preferable.

  • The most massive and dimensional boilers those that can use maximum number types of fuel. This does not apply to electric and wood boilers, the dimensions of which remain almost unchanged. A heating element in such boilers it turns on when combustion in the furnace stops and the coolant temperature drops below a critical level.
  • The cost of wood-electricity and coal-electricity boilers is almost the same as that of wood-fired boilers. The sizes of the boilers are also the same, since they differ only in that the electric boiler has a small heater. Electric heating provides only a third of the boiler's power. It is impossible to fully heat a house using electricity, but the temperature will be sufficient to prevent the system from defrosting.
  • A coal boiler can be fired with wood, because... The combustion temperature of coal is much higher than that of wood. The firebox volume of a coal boiler is small, so it will be inconvenient to constantly use it for firewood. Put coal in the firebox wood boiler absolutely not possible - high temperature the unit can be destroyed.