home · Other · Electromagnetic clutches and brakes. Electromagnetic couplings. Electromagnetic couplings: classification depending on application

Electromagnetic clutches and brakes. Electromagnetic couplings. Electromagnetic couplings: classification depending on application

Model range of Helistar couplings: POC, POB, PFB, PHC, PHB, PLB

The main function of electromagnetic couplings is to transmit torque from the drive shaft to the driven shaft. In this case, there is no need for mechanical contact, since the principle of their operation is based on the interaction of magnetic fields. Presented in this section of the catalog the lineup Helistar couplings(POC, POB, PFB, PHC, PHB, PLB) does not create noise, vibrations, has no wearing parts and is designed for a long service life.

The connection between the driving and driven structural elements is carried out by increasing the degree of viscosity of the mixtures, which fill the gap between the clutch surface of the couplings with an increase in the magnetic flux in this gap. Main component such mixtures - ferromagnetic powder (for example, carbonyl iron). To prevent mechanical destruction of iron particles due to constant exposure to friction or their adhesion, special liquid or bulk fillers are added.

Helistar brand couplings are distinguished by a high response speed, however, their operational reliability indicators are not sufficient for use in such an area of ​​industrial activity as machine tool building. Among the areas in which they are most widely used are food, printing, and packaging.

Helistar range of powder electromagnetic couplings

Model Name Kgs-m
POC Provide smooth acceleration and braking, reduce overload, and also separate the start of engines and mechanisms POC Least susceptible to abrasive inclusions (used for cooling compressed air must be dry and not contaminated with oil) POB By changing the voltage in the excitation winding, they provide smooth torque control POB The operating principle of the brake is based on the use of electromagnetic forces that act in a gap filled with ferromagnetic powder. Under the constant influence of a magnetic field, the powder is drawn into the working gaps of the brake and a mechanical connection is created between the stator and rotor PFB Provide precise adjustment of the braking torque regardless of the number of revolutions and have a high range of adjustment of the braking torque P.H.C. Single friction surface design avoids braking torque and operates in conditions high temperatures PHB The design makes it possible to separate the start of motors and mechanisms, reduce the starting current time, eliminate shocks and ensure smooth acceleration of electric motors, eliminate overloads, slippage, etc. 1.2~20

PLB Located between the coupling halves protective screen ensures tightness when pumping products (aggressive, highly toxic, fire and explosive, strong-smelling and other types of liquids) POC Compact design with medium torque coupling. Suitable for use in medium and low power equipment POB Compact design with low coupling torque. Used in low-power equipment 5~50


Choice suitable model coupling (clutch torque and drive power) is carried out individually and depends on the viscosity of the medium and the intensity of mixing of the product.

If you are interested in purchasing any of the Helistar electromagnetic coupling models presented above, please contact us as soon as possible. in a convenient way. We guarantee qualified assistance in the selection of spare parts that meet your requirements and Supplies, and we will be happy to answer any of your questions. Delivery is carried out in the shortest possible time to all regions of Russia and neighboring countries.

Powder couplings

In continuous servo drives esp. prev powder and hysteresis couplings. They are universal; smooth and intermittent torque control on the drive output shaft is possible. The operating principle of the electromagnetic powder coupling is based on the interaction of magnetic and mechanical forces; the working air gap is filled with ferromagnetic powder, which separates the driving and driven parts of the coupling.

In the absence of current in the control winding of the clutch, the leading part of this clutch rotates together with the armature of the drive motor, and the driven part is stationary. The filler is ferromagnetic powder. When current flows through the clutch control winding, a magnetic flux arises in its magnetic core, the lines of force of which are perpendicular to the forming surfaces of the working gap. Under the influence of this flow, individual particles of the powder are magnetized and interact with other particles, magnetically coupled chains are formed. Many such chains connect the surfaces of the driving and driven parts of the coupling, creating a certain force that prevents the displacement of these parts relative to each other. The magnitude of the force depends on the magnitude of the magnetic induction in the working gap, and the following. and from the current in the clutch control winding. The > this current, the > torque created. coupling. At a certain value of the control current, the clutch magnetic circuit becomes saturated. A further increase in the clutch current does not significantly change the flow in the working gap, and therefore does not lead to an increase in torque.

Moment M 0 caused by particle friction forces. While the load moment< момента, который может передавать муфта, ведомая и ведущая части муфты вращаются синхронно. При нарушении этого условия происходит проскальзывание ведомой части относительно ведущей. Режим скольжения – рабочий режим порошковой муфты в процессе регулирования угловой скорости ведомой части муфты. Скольжение происходит между частицами порошка (в центре рабочего зазора – в середине воздушного зазора). Рабочие поверхности не подвержены износу от трения. Для защиты порошка от механического и химического разрушения, для лучшей теплопроводности ферромагнитный наполнитель кроме основной составляющей (железа) содержит смазывающие компоненты (графит, тальк, mineral oils, kerosene).

Advantages of powder couplings:

1. provides torque limitation on the motor shaft;

2. regulates the speed of rotation of the output shaft with an unregulated engine;

3. high power gain. (Pout up to 400 W, Pcontrol = 1.5..5 W).

Flaws:

1. compared to an adjustable ED, it has a more complex design, big influence heat.

2. limited sliding conditions up to 1200 rpm (the clutch is placed after the gearbox in high-speed engines)

3. instability of the magnetic properties of the powder with changes in ambient temperature and humidity.

Hysteresis coupling.

The operating principle is close to the operating principle of a hysteresis motor, based on the magnetic phenomenon. hysteresis. It consists of a driven part (carries a hysteresis layer made of a material with large specific hysteresis losses), the leading part is an inductor (two or multi-pole magnetic system). In synchronous mode, the torque on the driven shaft is:

where p is the number of pairs of coupling poles

Pr – specific hysteresis losses per 1 magnetization reversal cycle, proportional to the area of ​​the hysteresis loop

Vк – volume of the magnetized layer.

Constancy of the hysteresis moment at variable frequency rotation is the main advantage of hysteresis couplings. Acceleration of the synchronous part to the synchronous frequency – fractions of a second.

The hysteresis coupling does not have the disadvantages of powder couplings. The maximum angular speed of the hysteresis clutch is 5..6 times greater than that of the powder clutch, and the service life is longer. High stability of characteristics. This coupling is often used when the electric drive operates on stops.

The electromagnetic clutch is similar in principle to asynchronous motor, at the same time differing from it in that the magnetic flux in it will not be created three-phase system, but by rotating poles excited by direct current.

Electromagnetic clutches are used to close and open kinematic chains without stopping rotation, for example in gearboxes and gearboxes, as well as for starting, reversing and braking machine tool drives. The use of couplings makes it possible to separate the start-up of motors and mechanisms, reduce the time of starting current, eliminate shocks in both electric motors and mechanical transmissions, ensure smooth acceleration, eliminate overloads, slippage, etc. A sharp reduction in starting losses in motors removes the limitation on the permissible number of starts, which is very important during cyclic operation of the engine.

The electromagnetic clutch is an individual speed controller and represents electric car, which serves to transmit torque from the drive shaft to the driven shaft using an electromagnetic field, and consists of two main rotating parts: an armature (in most cases it is a massive body) and an inductor with an excitation winding. The armature and the inductor are not mechanically rigidly connected to each other. As a rule, the armature is connected to the drive motor, and the inductor is connected to the working machine.

When the drive motor rotates the drive shaft of the coupling, in the absence of current in the field winding, the inductor, and along with it the driven shaft, remain motionless. When submitting direct current A magnetic flux appears in the excitation winding in the magnetic circuit of the coupling (inductor - air gap-armature). When the armature rotates relative to the inductor, an emf is induced in the first and a current arises, the interaction of which with magnetic field the air gap causes the appearance of electromagnetic torque.

Electromagnetic induction couplings can be divided according to the following characteristics:

    according to the torque principle (asynchronous and synchronous);

    by the nature of the distribution of magnetic induction in the air gap;

    according to the design of the armature (with a massive armature and with an armature having a squirrel cage type winding);

    by the method of supplying power to the excitation winding; by cooling method.

The most widespread are armored and inductor type couplings due to their simplicity of design. Such couplings consist mainly of a gear inductor with an excitation winding mounted on one shaft with conductive slip rings, and a smooth cylindrical massive ferromagnetic armature connected to another coupling shaft.

Design, principle of operation and characteristics of electromagnetic couplings.

Electromagnetic couplings used for automatic control, are divided into dry and viscous friction clutches and sliding clutches.

Dry friction clutch transfers power from one shaft to another through friction discs 3. The discs are able to move along the splines of the shaft axis and the driven coupling half. When current is supplied to winding 1, armature 2 compresses the disks, between which a friction force arises. Relative mechanical characteristics couplings are shown in Fig. 1, b.

Viscous friction couplings have a constant gap δ between the driving 1 and driven 2 coupling halves. In the gap, using winding 3, a magnetic field is created, which acts on the filler (ferritic iron with talc or graphite) and forms elementary chains of magnets. In this case, the filler seems to grab the driven and driving halves of the coupling. When the current is turned off, the magnetic field disappears, the chains are destroyed and the coupling halves slip relative to each other. The relative mechanical characteristics of the coupling are shown in Fig. 1, d. These electromagnetic clutches allow you to smoothly regulate the rotation speed under heavy loads on the output shaft.

Electromagnetic couplings: a - diagram of a dry friction clutch, b - mechanical characteristics of a friction clutch, c - diagram of a viscous friction clutch, d - diagram of the ferrite filler setting, e - mechanical characteristics of a viscous friction clutch, f - diagram of a sliding clutch, g - mechanical characteristics of the clutch slip.

Slip clutch consists of two tooth-shaped coupling halves (see Fig. 1, e) and a coil. When current is applied to the coil, a closed magnetic field is formed. When rotating, the couplings slip relative to each other, resulting in the formation of an alternating magnetic flux, which is the cause of the occurrence of e. d.s. and currents. The interaction of the resulting magnetic fluxes causes the driven coupling half to rotate.

The characteristics of the friction half-clutch are shown in Fig. 1, f. The main purpose of such couplings is to create the most favorable conditions starting, as well as smoothing dynamic loads when the engine is running.

Electromagnetic slip clutches have a number of disadvantages: low coefficient useful action at low speeds, low transmitted torque, low reliability with sudden load changes and significant inertia.
The picture below shows circuit diagram control the slip clutch if equipped feedback by speed using a tachogenerator connected to the output shaft of the electric drive. The signal from the tachogenerator is compared with the master signal, and the difference of these signals is fed to amplifier U, from the output of which the excitation winding of the OB clutch is powered.


Basic control diagram slip clutches and artificial mechanical characteristics with automatic regulation

These characteristics are located between curves 5 and 6, which correspond to the practically minimum and nominal values ​​of the coupling excitation currents. However, an increase in the drive speed control range is associated with significant losses in the slip clutch, which mainly consist of losses in the armature and field winding. Moreover, anchor losses, especially with increasing slip, significantly prevail over other losses and amount to 96 - 97% maximum power transmitted by the clutch. At a constant load torque, the rotation speed of the coupling drive shaft is constant, i.e. n = const, ω = const.

U electromagnetic powder couplings the connection between the driving and driven parts is carried out by increasing the viscosity of the mixtures filling the gap between the clutch surfaces of the couplings with an increase in the magnetic flux in this gap. The main component of such mixtures are ferromagnetic powders, for example carbonyl iron. To eliminate the mechanical destruction of iron particles due to friction forces or their adhesion, special fillers are added - liquid (synthetic fluids, industrial oil or bulk (zinc or magnesium oxides, quartz powder). Such couplings have high speed operation, however, their operational reliability is insufficient for widespread use in machine tool building.

Let's consider one of the schemes for smooth regulation of the rotation speed by the actuator ID, operating through the slip clutch M to the actuator IM.

Slip clutch activation diagram for regulating the rotation speed of the actuator

When the load on the actuator shaft changes, the output voltage of the TG tachogenerator will also change, as a result of which the difference between the magnetic fluxes F1 and F2 of the electric machine amplifier will increase or decrease, thereby changing the voltage at the output of the EMU and the magnitude of the current in the clutch winding.

Electromagnetic couplings ETM

ETM electromagnetic friction clutches (dry and oil) allow starting, braking and reversing in up to 0.2 s, as well as performing dozens of starts within 1 s. The couplings are controlled and powered by direct current voltages of 110, 36 and 24 V. The control power is no more than 1% of the power transmitted by the coupling. By design, clutches are single- and multi-disc, non-reversible and reversible.

Electromagnetic clutches of the ETM series with magnetically conductive disks are available in contact (ETM2), non-contact (ETM4) and brake (ETM6) versions. Couplings with a contact current conductor are characterized by low reliability due to the presence of a sliding contact, therefore, in the highest quality drives, electromagnetic couplings with a fixed current conductor are used. They have additional air gaps.

Non-contact couplings are distinguished by the presence of a composite magnetic circuit formed by a body and a reel seat, which are separated by so-called ballast gaps. The reel holder is mounted motionlessly, thus eliminating the elements of the contact current conductor. Due to the gap, heat transfer from the friction discs to the coil is reduced, which increases the reliability of the clutch in severe operating conditions.

It is advisable to use ETM4 couplings as driving couplings, if this is permissible under the installation conditions, and ETM6 couplings as brake couplings.

ETM4 couplings operate reliably at high speeds and frequent starts. These couplings are less sensitive to oil contamination than ETM2, the presence of solid particles in the oil can cause abrasive wear of the brushes, therefore ETM2 couplings can be used if the specified restrictions are absent and the installation of ETM4 couplings is difficult due to the design conditions of the unit.

ETM6 couplings must be used as brake clutches. Clutches ETM2 and ETM4 should not be used for braking in a “reversed” manner, i.e. with a rotating clutch and a stationary driver. To select couplings, it is necessary to evaluate: static (transmitted) torque, dynamic torque, time transition process in the drive, average losses, unit energy and residual moment of rest.

Our electromagnetic powder clutches and brakes have successfully passed CE certification and are used in China Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.

Our company has a complete set of testing equipment, including torque, speed and power measurement systems to ensure product reliability. We have passed the ISO9001:2000 quality management system certification, and strictly follow the national industrial standards JB/T 5988-1992 and JB/T5989-1922.

Product characteristics
1. Torque varies linearly with field current.
Torque is transmitted through a magnetic powder circuit generated by an electromagnetic field. At normal conditions, the excitation current is in linear relationship with torque, and is transmitted in the range of 5-100% of the rated torque, which is shown in Fig. A. Thus, when the field current changes, the torque changes accordingly.

2. Torque does not depend on sliding speed at constant excitation current.
When the field current remains constant, the transmitted torque does not depend on the sliding speed between the transmission part and the driven link, i.e. there is no difference between static torque and dynamic torque. (See Fig. B) Thus, constant torque is transmitted stably. By using this tension control feature, you can accurately control and transmit the desired torque just by adjusting the drive current. This represents excellent benefit and convenience when controlling the tension of roll materials.

Application
As a versatile, high-performance automatic control component, clutches and brakes are widely used in unwinding tension control in dyeing, printing, spinning, papermaking, tablet making, plastics, rubber, wire and cable manufacturing, metallurgy and other fields involving winding processing. . The electromagnetic clutch can also be used for buffer starting, overload protection, speed control, etc., and the electromagnetic powder brake used for loading and braking the transmission of equipment mechanisms.

Model selection
1. The selection of electromagnetic powder clutches and brakes generally depends on the maximum torque required for the transmission. At the same time, we recommend that you pay attention to the fact that the actual sliding power is less than the permissible one.
Calculation formula:
Actual sliding power P=2×3.14×M×n/60=F·V
M----actual torque, Nm
n----sliding speed, rpm
F----voltage, N
V----linear speed, m/s
In the absence of a speed control mechanism, a device with maximum tension is required to wind the material, and the maximum winding radius should be less than the rated torque of the electromagnetic powder brake.
2.The choice of electromagnetic powder clutch also depends on its position. For appropriate sliding power, a small clutch is suitable if installed in a high-speed application. This allows you to significantly reduce costs. If it is impossible to install a small-sized coupling, you need the product bigger size, which is installed in the middle or rear of the transmission mechanism to increase operating torque and reduce sliding speed.
3. Under certain cooling conditions, the sliding power of the electromagnetic powder clutch or brake is fixed. Thus, the actual torque and speed will cancel each other out, which means that as the sliding speed increases, the permissible torque will correspondingly decrease. However maximum speed should not exceed the permissible value.

Example. Electromagnetic powder brake FZ100, its rated torque is M=100 Nm, and its sliding power is P=7 kW.
Thus, the nominal speed is n=9550×P/M=9550×7/100=668.5 rpm.
At actual sliding speed n=1500 rpm, permissible torque M=9550×P/n=9550×7/1500=44.6 Nm.
Note: 9550 is a constant coefficient.

As a professional electromagnetic powder clutch and brake manufacturer in China, our company also sells the following product ranges: elevator/escalator components, busbar processing equipment, marine cleaning equipment Wastewater, gear hobbing machines, etc.

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, namely to powder couplings. The powder clutch with the control drive contains a split housing with coaxially mounted shafts on which the drive and driven disks of the coupling halves are rigidly fixed. At the ends of the disks there are several conical grooves and protrusions located concentrically, which interact with each other. The end surfaces of both disks are divided into several sectors by radial depressions. Installed on the driven disk bushing permanent magnet, made in the form of a ring-shaped disk. An electromagnet winding is installed on the drive disk sleeve, the leads of which are brought outside the housing through channels made in the body of the drive shaft and connected to current-collecting rings installed at the output end of the drive shaft, and closed with a cover that is bolted to the housing wall. The current-collecting rings are isolated from the shaft by an insulating sleeve and interact with the current-collecting brushes, which are connected through two conductors to the contacts of a double-pole switch. The opposite contacts of the switch are connected to the terminals of the DC source. An adjustable resistor is included in one of the circuits. The technical result is to increase the reliability of the clutch. 4 ill.

Drawings for RF patent 2499923

The invention relates to clutches designed for connecting and disconnecting shafts that transmit torque due to the friction forces between the driving and driven half-couplings and can be used instead of known disk clutches.

Famous powder coupling The clutch contains a split housing with coaxially mounted shafts on which the drive and driven coupling halves are rigidly fixed. At the interacting ends of the disks of the coupling halves there are several conical grooves and protrusions located concentrically. The grooves of the driving half of the coupling are made in the opposite configuration to the protrusions and grooves of the driven half of the coupling. The end surfaces of both coupling halves are divided into several sectors by radial depressions. The depth of the radial depressions corresponds to the depth of the concentric grooves. Friction powder is placed between the discs.

The proposed powder clutch (hereinafter read - powder clutch) differs from the known clutch in that this powder clutch is equipped with electromagnetic drive management. The coupling body is stationary, and the shafts with the disks of the coupling halves are installed coaxially in the walls of the housing. The driven disk of the half-coupling is equipped with a permanent magnet, made in the form of a ring-shaped disk, installed on the reverse side, and secured to the bushing of the driven disk of the half-coupling. The drive disk of the coupling half is equipped with an electromagnet, the winding of which is also installed on the reverse side of the disk and is secured to the bushing of the drive disk of the coupling half. The leads of the electromagnetic coil pass through channels made in the body of the drive shaft. The ends of the leads are brought outside the housing and connected to current-collecting rings installed at the end of the output shaft, and closed with a cover that is bolted to the wall of the housing. The current-collecting rings interact with current-collecting brushes mounted on the current-collecting ring cover, which are connected through conductors to the contacts of a double-pole switch. The opposite contacts of the switch are connected to the terminals of the DC power supply. IN electrical circuit control, the regulating resistor is turned on.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a powder clutch.

Figure 2 shows the end surface of the drive half-coupling disk.

Figure 3 shows the end surface of the driven coupling half disk.

Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section of the drive coupling half with electromagnetic circuit management.

The device of a powder clutch with an electromagnetic control drive.

The powder coupling, Fig. 1, contains a split housing 1 and 2, in the cavity of which the driven and driving disks 3 and 4 of the coupling halves are installed. The drive disk 4 is rigidly mounted on the drive shaft 5. The driven disk 3 is mounted on the driven shaft 6. The driven and drive shafts are installed coaxially and secured in the walls of the housing on bearings 7 and 8, which are fixed in the walls of the housing by flanges 9 and 10 and bolts 11. Alignment shafts is provided by a shank 12 made at the inner end of the drive shaft, which interacts with a cylindrical cavity (glass) made at the end of the driven shaft. The surface of the driven shaft is equipped with splines 13, which interact with splines made on inner surface bushings 15 of the driven disk 3. The driven disk has the ability to move along the splines of the driven shaft. A permanent magnet 14, made in the form of a ring-shaped disk, is fixed to the outer surface of the driven disk 3 and the sleeve 15. On the inner end surface of the driven disk 3 there are several conical grooves 30 and projections 16 and 17 (9 pieces), located concentrically. On the drive shaft 5, the drive disk 4 with a sleeve 19 is secured by a key 20. On the outer surface of the sleeve 19, an electromagnet coil 18 is secured, which is equipped with a protective shell 21. On the inner end surface of the drive disk 4 there are several conical grooves 30 and projections 23 and 24 (9 pieces ), located concentrically. The protrusions and grooves of the drive half-clutch disk are made in the opposite configuration to the protrusions and recesses of the driven half-clutch disk, and in such a way that the protrusions of the drive half can fit into the grooves of the driven half-clutch with the possibility of rotation. The drive and driven shafts 5 and 6 are equipped with restrictive rings 25 and 26. Abrasive powder with oily liquid 28 and 29 is placed in the cavity 27 of the housing. Aluminum powder mixed with an oily liquid can be used as an abrasive powder. The oily liquid in this case will perform two functions. In one case, it will provide the bearings with lubricant. Otherwise, this liquid will actively mix the powder and spread it over the entire surface of the disks. Aluminum powder is soft in structure and has plasticity. Getting between the hard protrusions and depressions of the disks, this powder will be smeared over the surface of the protrusions and depressions, thereby creating the necessary conditions for clutching half-clutch discs. The end surfaces of both disks, Figs. 2 and 3, are divided into several sectors by radial depressions 31, evenly distributed around the circumference, the depth of which corresponds to the depth of the concentric grooves 30. In order to eliminate the occurrence of dynamic shocks, in the process of putting the powder coupling into operation, on the disks of the coupling halves done different number radial depressions. On the driving disk there are three radial depressions 31, and on the driven disk there are five radial depressions 31. On the outer circumferential surface of the driven and driving disks there are intake windows 32 and 33. Conclusions 22, Fig. 4, electromagnet coils 18 are output through channels made in the body drive shaft, outside the housing, and are connected to slip rings 34 installed at the end of the output shaft 5. Slip rings 34 are isolated from the shaft by an insulating sleeve 35. The slip rings are closed by a cover 40, which is bolted 11 to the housing wall. The current-collecting rings interact with current-collecting brushes 36, which are connected through conductors to the contacts of a two-pole switch P. An adjustable resistor R is included in the electrical circuit, after the switch P, through which you can change the amount of current supplied to the electromagnet coil, which allows you to turn on the clutch for operation with different strengths actions. The opposite contacts of the double-pole switch are connected to the terminals of the power supply I.p. direct current. The drive shaft 5 is equipped with an outer shank 37, with splines, which is used to connect to the motor shaft.

The powder clutch works as follows.

Figure 1 shows the position of the powder clutch in which the half-clutch discs are in a fully engaged state. Since the permanent magnet 14, Fig. 1, has a constant polarity, in order to attract the disks to each other, it is necessary to apply magnetic flux F to disk 4, formed by coil 18, with the opposite polarity, i.e. in this case, it is necessary to supply magnetic flux with the south pole S. To do this, the two-pole switch P is set to the lower position, as shown in Fig.4. The adjustable resistor R motor is set to maximum current supply. The current will flow through the brushes 36 and current rings 34, terminals 22, to the winding of the coil 18. The driving disk 4 will be magnetized, Fig. 4, and along with it the protrusions 23 will be magnetized, which will create a magnetic flux F. The driven disk 3 will be permanently magnetized magnet 14 and will always face the driving disk 4 with the north pole N. The protrusions 16 and 17, which will also have a north pole N. As a result of opposite polarity, attraction will occur between the driving and driven disks 3 and 4. Disk 3 will move along the splines 13 and with its projections 16 and 39, Fig. 3, will enter the depressions 30 of the drive disk, and the projections 23 and 38 of the drive disk will enter the depressions 30 and 31 of the driven disk. Excess trapped liquid between the disks will be forced out through windows 32 and 34 back into the housing cavity 27. Since the powder particles will be larger than the oil film, the powder will be smeared over the surface of the disks and, thereby, will create good condition disks for clutching each other. In addition, when the protrusions 39 of one disk run into the radial depressions 31 and protrusions 38 of the other disk, the volume of the cavities will decrease, and the fluid pressure will increase sharply and cause the driven disk to rotate. In this case, the torque will be transmitted between the disks due to the sliding of the disks. When the disks are fully compressed, rotation will be completely transferred from the drive shaft to the driven shaft.

In order to disconnect the shafts, it is necessary to move the contacts of the two-pole switch P to the upper position. In this case, the polarity of the current in the conductors will change, and a reversal of polarity will occur in the winding of the electromagnet coil 18. The north pole N will be created on the drive disk 4 and protrusions 23. When creating unipolarity on disks 3 and 4, the half-coupling disks will push each other. In this case, the protrusions 16 of the driven disk 3 will begin to be pushed out of the depressions 30 of the drive disk. As a result, the disks will open. The driven disk 3 will move along the splines 13 to the wall 1 of the housing. Shafts 5 and 6 will open from each other and rotation will not be transmitted. The liquid and powder will again be sucked into the cavities between the disks through windows 32 and 33.

You can also change the degree of adhesion between the disks of the coupling halves using resistor R. When the current supply to the electromagnet coil 12 decreases, the force of adhesion of the disks will decrease, and with an increase in the current supply, the adhesion between the disks will increase. When the current is completely turned off, the adhesion of the disks will occur only due to the attractive force of the permanent magnet 14.

CLAIM

Powder clutch with a control drive, containing a split housing with coaxially mounted shafts on which the drive and driven disks of the coupling halves are fixed, on the end surfaces of which there are several grooves and protrusions located concentrically relative to each other, which interact with each other, the end surfaces of both disks divided into several sectors by radial depressions, aluminum powder with oil fluid is placed in the housing cavity, characterized in that the powder clutch is equipped with an electromagnetic control drive, which includes an electromagnet coil winding mounted on the sleeve of the drive disk of the clutch half, a permanent magnet made of a ring shape and secured to the sleeve of the driven disk of the coupling half, the coil winding leads are routed through channels made in the body of the drive shaft, outside the housing and connected to current-collecting rings installed at the output end of the drive shaft, the current-collecting rings are isolated from the shaft with an insulating sleeve and closed with a cover that is secured with bolts to the housing wall, current-collecting rings interact with current-collecting brushes, which are fixed on the cover and connected through conductors to the contacts of a two-pole switch, the opposite contacts of the switch are connected to the terminals of the DC source in one wire circuit, an adjustable resistor is installed between the switch and the brushes.