Technology for performing a hygienic bath for a newborn baby. Preparation and carrying out a hygienic bath. The final stage of the manipulation
Target: prevention of skin diseases, hardening and education genetic skills
Contraindications: acute diseases, pustular diseases and baby's loose stools.
Equipment: bath, jug, water thermometer, sponge or mitt from soft fabric, "Children's soap", baby cream or vegetable oil, thin diaper, towel, clean linen and cotton balls
Safety precautions:
§ DO NOT leave your child unattended in the bath.
§ DO NOT forget to measure the temperature of the water in the bath.
A hygienic bath is carried out 1 hour after feeding or 10 - 15 minutes before it.
Possible problems: child's anxiety.
Technique:
1. Wash and dry your hands.
2. Lay out diapers and changing vests on the changing table
3. Clean the bathtub hot water. If swimming is carried out in children's institution, then treat the bath with a 0.5% chloramine solution, then rinse with water.
4. Place the bathtub in a stable and comfortable position.
5. Fill the bath cold water, then dilute with hot water so that the water reaches the baby’s nipples. Pour hot water in small portions so that there is no water vapor.B
6. Measure the temperature with a water thermometer.
7. Pour water at a temperature of 38° into the jug.
8. Undress the child. After defecation, the child should be washed with running water. Throw dirty laundry into the dirty laundry bin. Wash the hands.
9. Take the child so that his head rests on the forearm of the bather, and use his left hand to fix the child’s left shoulder. Use the fingers of your right hand to grasp the child’s legs at the level of the ankle joints.
10. Slowly immerse the child in the water: first the buttocks, then the legs and torso. During the first hygienic baths, the newborn is lowered into the water in a diaper, then unwrapped.
11. After diving, the legs are left free, and the head and torso are supported with the left hand.
12. Lather your hand and wash the child’s head from the forehead to the back of the head so that the soap does not get into the child’s eyes, rinse with water from the bath.
13. Put the mitten on right hand, lather it and wash the child’s body in a circular motion.
14. Remove the mitten, remove the child from the water and turn it face down.
15. Rinse the baby from the jug and wash the baby's face with water from the jug.
16. Throw a towel or diaper over the child, put it on the right hand and take it to the changing table.
17. Dry the baby's skin with gentle blotting movements, lubricate all natural folds with baby cream or oil.
18. For a newborn, treat the umbilical wound and swaddle or dress the baby.
19. Put the baby in the crib.
20. Pour the water out of the bath and treat it.
Notes:
A child in the first month of life is bathed in boiled water, the duration of the bath is 5 - 10 minutes.
The water temperature for children under 6 months should be 37° - 37.5°, and for children over 6 months 37° - 36.5°.
Anthropometry of children 1 year of life.
Target: grade physical development child.
Equipment: medical horizontal scales, horizontal stadiometer, measuring tape, diapers, container with 0.5% chloramine solution, rags.
Safety precautions: do not leave the child unattended.
Possible problems: child's anxiety.
Execution technique.
Weighing.
1. Wipe the scales with chloramine solution and balance the scales.
2. Place a clean diaper folded in four on the scale and weigh it.
3. Close the scale shutter.
4. Place the child on the scale so that the head is on the wide part of the scale pan.
5. Move the kilogram weight to the right by a number equal to the approximate weight of the child, open the shutter. Use a small weight (gram) to balance the scales.
6. Close the shutter of the scale, remove the baby from the scale and give it to the mother or put it in the crib.
7. Write down the result.
Height measurement.
1. Wipe the stadiometer with chloramine solution and lay down a diaper.
2. Place the child, dressed in a vest, on the stadiometer so that the head tightly touches the fixed bar of the stadiometer, and the tragus of the ear and the outer corner of the eye are on the same vertical line. Straighten the child's legs knee joints With light hand pressure, apply the transverse movable bar of the stadiometer to the soles.
3. Using the side bar with the school, determine the length of the child’s body.
4. Give the child to the mother, write down the measurement result.
Hygienic bath technique
Target: hygiene care.
Indications: for cleansing the skin.
Contraindications: increased body temperature above 38 degrees, pustular skin diseases.
Equipment: bath, baby soap, soft sponge (mitten), water thermometer, water (t - 37), jug with warm water (t - 36 -) for rinsing the child, sheet or towel for drying, clean clothes for the child, for infants 5% permanganate solution potassium or decoction of herbs, chamomile, etc.
Note:
1. First hygienic bath a newborn child is carried out after the umbilical cord has fallen off and epithelialization umbilical wound.
Up to 6 months, the baby is bathed daily;
From 6 months - every other day;
Up to 2 years - 2 times a week;
From 2 years - 1 time per week;
In summer, children should be bathed more often.
2.Water temperature:
for children in the first half of the year 36.5-37 degrees
Over 6 months 36-36.5 degrees
3.Bath duration:
For children of the first year 5-7 minutes;
In the second year of life 8-10 minutes;
Over 2 years old 10-20 minutes.
4. Do not wash your face with bath water;
5.Children in the first half of the year are bathed in a lying position, and older children are bathed in a sitting position;
6. Children should be bathed before feeding, preferably before bedtime; Try not to bathe your baby immediately after eating (to avoid regurgitation), or immediately before feeding (to prevent your baby from feeling hungry or nervous).
7. Children under 2 months are bathed in boiled water. The child should be bathed in boiled water at least until the umbilical wound heals.
9. While bathing, talk gently to your baby to calm him down. Bathing should be carried out by two people according to the principle - one holds the child, the other waters. If your baby cries during the first baths, be patient and gentle; this is not a reason to refuse bathing. Over time, the child will get used to it, will feel free, and the bath will become a pleasure not only for him, but also for you.
Preparation for the procedure:
1. Wash the bath with warm water and soap
Rinse it with hot water;
Note: if bathing is done in a child care facility, then
Wash the tub with hot water, soap and a brush;
Treat the bath with disinfectant. solution;
Rinse the bath with hot water;
2.Pour water into the bath at a temperature of 36.5-37 degrees (check with a thermometer);
3. Prepare a jug of water at a temperature of 37C.
4. Wash your hands.
5. Undress the child.
Performing the procedure:
1. Place the child on your left arm so that his head lies on the middle third of your forearm, and grab the child’s left shoulder with your hand;
Using your right hand to support the baby's legs, carefully lower the baby into the water;
Lower the baby into the water so that the head is above the water.
2. Put on and soap a flannel mitten.
Lather the baby's body with a mitten.
Wash all the folds of the baby's body.
Turn the baby upside down.
Wash your hair with water from a jug.
REMEMBER! Natural skin folds should be washed especially carefully.
3. Douse the child clean water 36-36.5 degrees from the jug.
4.Wrap the baby in a towel.
End of the procedure:
5. Dry the skin using blotting movements.
6. Dress your child in clean clothes appropriate for his age.
If necessary: Treat folds with baby oil. Dry the ear canals, eyes, and clean the nasal passages.
Infection control:
1. Treat the bath with disinfectant. solution.
2.Wash hands at a social level and dry with an individual towel.
Hygienic bath technique
maintaining body hygiene
fulfilling the universal need to be clean
developing cleanliness skills
hardening the child
Equipment:
Bathtub
Bath diaper
Jug of water for dousing the baby
Water thermometer
Terry or flannel mitten, terry napkin
Baby soap
5% potassium permanganate solution
Warm diaper
Changing kit
Bucket of boiled chilled water
Bucket of hot boiled water
Required conditions:
It is better to take the first hygienic bath the day after discharge from the maternity hospital, after the umbilical cord has fallen off, since on the first day the child adapts to the conditions of being at home.
Bath your baby before feeding.
The temperature in the bathing room is 22 - 24 degrees.
The duration of bathing is 5 – 6 minutes.
Determine the temperature of the water for swimming only using a water thermometer (it is not allowed to determine the water temperature by immersing your elbow in the water)
Using baby soap, bathe 2-3 times a week.
Until 6 months of age, bathe daily, then every other day (up to 1 year).
Premature babies begin to be bathed at the age of 12 - 14 days after the umbilical cord falls off, and children weighing up to 1000 grams - at 15 - 18 days of life.
Preparation for the procedure
Explain to the mother/relatives the purpose and progress of the procedure
Wash and dry your hands. Place the bath in a stable position.
Wash the bathtub with hot water and soap, a brush, and pour boiling water over it.
Place a diaper folded in several layers on the bottom of the bath (the edges of the diaper should not extend beyond the side walls of the bath).
Place a water thermometer in the bath. Fill 1/3 or 2/3 full of water.
When filling the bath with water, first pour cold boiled water to a temperature of 37 - 38 degrees for a full-term baby and a temperature of 38 degrees for a premature baby.
Prepare water in a jug for rinsing the baby.
Use a water thermometer to check the temperature.
Before dousing, it should be 1 - 2 degrees below the bathing temperature (35 - 360) in full-term infants and 380 in premature infants.
Before bathing a premature baby, you must:
turn on the heating equipment
warm diapers and undershirts
close the door latch to prevent air movement during bathing
Executing the procedure
Lower the undressed child into the bath slowly, holding the back of the head and shoulders with your left hand, and the buttocks and thighs with your right hand.
When immersing in water, first lower the legs, buttocks, then the upper half of the body
The water should reach the baby's nipple line, top part chest remains open
Left hand pass under the back so that the child is positioned on the left forearm
Using your hand, secure the child by the buttocks and hips
And only after that release your right hand
With the freed right hand in the mitten (or gauze pad) wash your hair, moving from the face to the back of the head, then the neck, torso, limbs
The folds are especially thoroughly washed in the following order: neck, behind the ears, armpits, elbow bends, under the knees. Lastly - inguinal, gluteal
Then turn the child with his back up (right hand on the chest and stomach, left hand on the back) and pour water from a jug, starting from the head
Without releasing the child from both hands, transfer him to a warm prepared diaper and quickly dry him with careful blotting movements.
Completing the procedure
After this, lubricate the skin folds with sterile vegetable oil, toilet the umbilical wound
Loosely swaddle the baby and put him in the crib for 10 - 15 minutes.
After 10 - 15 minutes, remove the wet underwear, dress the child and change him into dry underwear.
Target: preventative: prevention of skin diseases
Indications: daily bathing of a healthy child.
Contraindications: acute diseases of the child, pustular skin diseases.
Possible problems: child's anxiety,
Safety precautions:
Do not leave the child unattended,
Stable position of the children's bathtub for bathing
The water temperature should not be higher than 38.5 0 C
The air temperature in the room should be 22-24 0 C
The water level in the bath should reach approximately xiphoid process baby's sternum.
Do not wash your child's face with bath water.
It is necessary to wash your child with soap no more than once a week.
It is necessary to bathe a child in the first month of life in boiled water.
The duration of bathing is no more than 5-10 minutes.
It is better to bathe a child together.
Patient preparation:
Undressing a child in bed
If necessary, wash the child
Equipment:
Baby bath for bathing a child
Water thermometer
Terry mitten or soft cloth or sponge
Baby soap, baby shampoo
Clean diaper or bath stand
Flannel diaper or soft towel
Changing kit or set of clean underwear: diaper (diaper), rompers, vests, blouse
- Container with sterile Vaseline or vegetable oil
Sterile cotton balls and sterile tweezers in a craft bag or box.
Tray for discarding used material balls
- Container for discarding used linen.
- A container with disinfectant solution and clean rags, a container for discarding rags.
- A container for discarding used mittens (soft cloth or sponge).
Sequencing:
Obtain the consent of the child’s parents to carry out the manipulation.
1. Prepare a changing kit or a set of clean underwear on the changing table (treated with a rag moistened with a disinfectant solution).
2. Wash the bathtub with hot water.
3. Fill the bathtub first with cold water, then with hot water.
4. Measure the temperature of the water in the bath (38-38.5 o C) with a water thermometer.
5. Fill the jug with water 1 ° C lower than the water in the bathtub and place it next to the bathtub
6. Place a clean diaper or a special stand on the bottom of the bathtub
7. Carefully immerse the child in the bath, holding the head and shoulders with your left hand, so that the water in the bath reaches the xiphoid process of the child’s sternum.
8. Wash the child with your right hand using a terry mitten (cloth or sponge), starting from the scalp. Throw the used mitten (cloth or sponge) into a special container for disposal.
9. Take the child out of the bath with both hands, so that his face is facing you, clasp the child’s chest in the armpits with your palms, fixing his back and back of the neck with your fingers.
10. Place the baby on your left forearm, face down.
11. Take the jug with your right hand and pour clean water over the child. Return the jug to its original place.
12. Take a clean flannel diaper (towel) with your right hand and cover the baby with it
13. Dry your baby's skin using gentle blotting movements.
14. Transfer the child to the changing table, remove the wet flannel diaper (towel) from him and throw the diaper (towel) into the container for discarding used linen
15. Treat natural skin folds according to the algorithm
16. Swaddle the child according to the algorithm or dress him.
17. Give the child something to drink.
18. Place the child in bed, on his side.
Note:
1. After a hygienic bath in a children's institution, the children's bathtub is disinfected.
Manipulation No. 16.
Techniques for health massage and gymnastics
To kid infancy
Target: increasing the emotional tone of the child, stimulating physical and neuropsychic development.
Indications: healthy child from the age of one month.
Contraindications: various diseases of the child.
Possible problems: No
Safety precautions:
Do not leave your baby unattended on the changing table.
The nurse should remove rings, watches, and keep nails cut short.
The air temperature in the room should be about 20-22 o C.
The duration of the session is no more than 5-7 minutes.
Patient preparation:
Not earlier than an hour after eating
Undress or unswaddle the child.
Calm the child.
Equipment:
Changing table
- A container with disinfectant solution, clean rags and a container for used rags
(IN HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATIONS)
GENERAL INFORMATION
The first hygienic bath of a newborn baby is performed 1-2 days after the umbilical cord falls off. During the first weeks of life, the child is bathed in boiled water. A solution of potassium permanganate is added to the bath until it turns light pink. It is recommended to carry out a hygienic bath with a solution of potassium permanganate until the umbilical wound is completely healed.
In the first half of life, hygienic baths are performed daily, in the second - every other day, after a year - 2 times a week. The water temperature in the bath should be 37–37.5°C, for premature babies – 37.5–38°C. When rinsing a child, use water at a temperature 1°C lower. The duration of the bath for children in the first year of life is no more than 5–7 minutes, in the second year 8–10 minutes, for children over 2 years old 10–15 minutes. It is advisable to carry out hygienic baths at certain hours, no earlier than 1 hour after feeding or 10–15 minutes before it, 1–1.5 hours before bedtime. When swimming, precautions must be taken.
EQUIPMENT
2.1. Medical furniture: changing table; holding table disinfection measures; baby cot.
2.2.LS: Vaseline oil; filtered potassium permanganate solution (1:10000 or 1 ml of 5% solution per 100 ml of water).
2.3.Enameled bath (plastic), jug.
1.1. Thermometers (2) for measuring water and air temperature
in the room.
2.5. Children's shampoo (baby soap, liquid cleanser for bathing), cosmetic skin care products.
2.6. Diapers (children's clothing); disposable diapers; “mitten” made of terry cloth (flannel).
2.7. PPE: gloves; apron.
2.8. Containers: “No. 3”, “No. 4” or “Physical method”.
2.9. Sanitary products: wall-mounted elbow dispenser with antiseptic; wall dispenser with liquid soap; towel.
2.10. Sanitary equipment: washbasin; pedal bucket; "Diaper" container.
TECHNIQUE
PREPARATORY STAGE
2.2. Treat hands in accordance with TNLA.
2.3. Wear an apron and gloves.
3.3. Disinfect the outer surfaces of the apron and changing table with a working solution of a chemical disinfectant in accordance with Instruction No. 2.
3.4. Wash the bath with a brush and soap. Carry out disinfection by wiping (irrigation) chemical agent disinfection, rinse with water.
3.5. Remove gloves, place in container No. 4 or the “Physical method” container.
3.6. Treat hands in accordance with TNLA.
3.1. Inform the child's mother (legal representative)
about the upcoming manipulation.
3.6. Prepare the necessary equipment. Spread a diaper on the changing table, lay out vests and clothes (diapers).
3.7. Fill the bath 1/2 or 1/3 full with water. First pour cold, then hot water in small portions alternately to avoid the formation of water vapor in the room and possible skin burns.
3.8. Measure the water temperature. The readings are recorded without removing the thermometer from the water.
3.9. Fill a jug with water from the baby's bath to rinse.
MAIN STAGE
3.10. Treat hands in accordance with TNLA. If necessary, wear gloves (long type).
3.11. Undress the child. After defecation, you should wash it with running water. Place dirty laundry in the “Diaper” container. Wash the hands.
3.12. Fix the child with your hand, covering his axillary area with your hand (place 4 fingers in the armpit, wrap your thumb around the shoulder from above and outside; the back of the child’s head and head rest on the nurse’s forearm). Use the thumb and middle fingers of the other hand to grasp the child’s legs at the level of the ankle joints.
3.13. Slowly immerse the child in the bath: first the buttocks, then the legs and torso. The level of immersion in water should reach the nipples. Release the child's legs and hold the shoulder during the entire bath.
3.14. Put the “mitten” on your hand.
3.15. Lather the body with soft circular movements and immediately rinse the soaped areas: first wash your hair (from the forehead to the back of the head so that soap does not get into the eyes and water into the ears), neck, armpits, upper limbs, chest, abdomen, lower limbs. Rinse natural folds especially thoroughly. Lastly, wash the genitals and intergluteal area.
3.16. Remove the “mitten”.
3.17. Remove the child from the water in a face down position.
3.18. Rinse your body and wash your face with water from a jug (an assistant holds the jug).
3.19. Throw a diaper on the baby, place him on the changing table, dry the skin with careful blotting movements.
3.20. Treat skin folds in accordance with subparagraph 3.21. Instructions No. 5.
3.21. For a newborn child, treat the umbilical wound according to Instruction No. 6.2.
3.22. Swaddle (dress) the baby and put him in the crib.
THE FINAL STAGE
3.23. Place the used diapers and mitten in the “Diapers” container.
3.24. Drain the water.
3.25. Disinfect the bath, the working surface of the changing table, and the apron (after each child) according to Instruction No. 2.
3.26. Take off the apron.
3.26. Remove gloves, place in container No. 4 or the “Physical method” container.
3.27. Treat hands in accordance with TNLA.
3.28. Make an entry in the appointment sheet and the inpatient medical record (f. 003/u-07).
INSTRUCTION No. 12
ANTHROPOMETRY
GENERAL INFORMATION
Body weight is measured in the morning before meals, preferably with the child naked. It is recommended to weigh weakened children in clothes, subtracting their weight from the resulting value.
Body weight in children under two years of age is measured on scales for weighing infants (electronic or cup), in children over two years of age - on electronic or lever medical scales.
Body length in children under 1 year of age is measured with a horizontal stadiometer, in older children - with a vertical one. At the age of 1 to 3 years, instead of the lower platform, a folding bench is used and the body length is measured using the scale on the left.
Body length measurements in older children are performed using a vertical stadiometer. The child is placed on the stadiometer platform with his back to vertical rack so that he touches her with his heels, buttocks, back and parietal region. Arms should be lowered along the body, heels together, toes apart. The head is placed in a position in which the lower eyelid and the upper edge of the ear tragus are in horizontal plane. Then, without pressure, a movable bar is lowered to the head and from its lower edge the length of the body is determined on a scale.
The head and chest circumference is measured using a centimeter tape. Chest circumference in young children is determined only at rest, in older children - at rest,
when inhaling and exhaling. The arms should be freely lowered along the body. It is necessary to control that the child does not raise his shoulders or move his arms forward or to the side.
EQUIPMENT
2.1. Medical furniture and equipment: changing table (medical couch); table for carrying out disinfection measures; medical scales; stadiometer (horizontal, vertical); measuring tape.
^ Technique for carrying out a hygienic bath for a newborn and
infant
Target:
Maintaining body hygiene;
Ensuring the child’s universal need to “be clean”;
Formation of cleanliness skills;
Hardening the child.
Indications:
Proper hygienic care of a child's skin.
Contraindications:
Increased body temperature;
Diseases of the child;
Violation of the integrity of the skin.
Equipment:
Bath for bathing;
Bath diaper;
Water jug;
Water thermometer;
Terry or flannel mitten;
Baby soap
A bottle with a 5% solution of potassium permanganate;
Large terry towel;
A clean changing kit or clothes placed on the changing table;
Sterile vegetable oil or baby cream;
Latex gloves;
Disinfectant solution, rags;
Bag for dirty laundry.
^ Required conditions:
The first hygienic bath should be carried out after the umbilical wound has healed;
Do not bathe immediately after feeding;
When swimming, ensure the room temperature is 22-24°C;
Determine the temperature of the bathing water only with a thermometer
(it is not allowed to determine the water temperature by immersing your elbow in the water).
^ Safety precautions: - do not leave the child alone unattended in the bathtub or on the changing table to avoid the danger of aspiration of water or falling;
Pay attention to the child’s condition, breathing, skin color, movements.
| Stages | Rationale |
| Preparation for manipulation |
|
| 1. Explain to mom the purpose and progress of the procedure | Ensuring the correct daily care for the child |
| | Ensuring that the procedure is followed clearly |
| 3. Place the bath in a stable position | Ensuring the safety of the procedure |
| 4. Wash and dry your hands, put on gloves | |
| 5.Process inner surface baths with disinfectant solution Wash the bath with a brush, rinse with boiling water | Ensuring infection safety |
| 6. Wipe the changing table with a disinfectant solution and place a diaper on it | Ensuring infection safety Creation comfortable conditions for a child |
| 7. Place a diaper folded in several layers on the bottom of the bath (the edges of the diaper should not extend onto the side walls of the bath) | Creating comfortable conditions Preservation correct position diapers in the bath |
| 8.Place a water thermometer in the bath Fill the bath 1/2 or 1/3 with water t 36-37 o C Note : a) when filling the bath with water, alternate cold and hot water; b) until the umbilical wound is epithelialized, bathe the child in boiled or filtered water; c) control the water temperature only using a thermometer; d) if necessary, add a few drops of a 5% solution of potassium permanganate to the bath until the water turns pale pink | Prevention of burns in children Elimination of water vapor formation in large quantities |
| 9. Fill a jug with water from the bath to rinse the baby | During bathing, the water in the jug cools by 1-2" C and provides a hardening effect |
| 10.Undress the child (if necessary, wash under running water) | Preparing the child for the procedure |
| 11. Throw clothes into a laundry bag | Pollution Prevention environment |
| ^ Performing a manipulation |
|
| 1. Take the child in your arms, supporting the back and back of the head with one hand, and the buttocks and thighs with the right hand. | The most comfortable way to secure a child |
| 2.Slowly immerse the baby in the water (first the legs and buttocks, then the upper half of the body). The water should reach the baby's nipple line, leaving the top of the breast open Release your right hand while continuing to support the child’s head and upper half of the body above the water with your left hand. | Provides maximum muscle relaxation Prevents baby from overheating The most comfortable way to secure the baby during the procedure Prevents water from entering the child's ear canals |
| 3. Put it on free hand“mitten” (if necessary, lather it with baby soap) and wash the child in the following sequence: head (from the forehead to the back of the head) – neck – torso – limbs (rinse the natural folds of the skin especially thoroughly). Wash the genitals and intergluteal area last. | Avoiding skin injury Preventing water and soap from getting into your eyes and ears Preventing the transfer of infection from the most contaminated areas of the skin to other surfaces |
| 4.Remove the “mitten” Raise your child above the water Turn baby face down Rinse the baby with water from a jug (the water has cooled to 35-36" C) Note
: It is advisable to have an assistant | Achieving infection safety Reduce the likelihood of water getting into your eyes and ears Providing a hardening effect |
| 5.Throwing a towel on, place the baby on the changing table Dry the skin using blotting movements. | Hypothermia warning Ensuring the safety of the child Preventing the appearance of irritation of the child’s skin |
| ^ Completion of manipulation |
|
| 1. Treat natural skin folds with sterile vegetable oil or baby powder | Preventing diaper rash |
| 2. Dress the baby and put him to bed | Ensuring a comfortable state |
| 3. Place the diaper from the changing table and the “mitten” in a bag for dirty laundry (“the mitten” must be boiled) Drain the water from the bath and rinse it Treat the inner surface of the bathtub and work surface changing table with disinfectant solution | Ensuring infection safety |
Note:
the first hygienic bath is carried out after the umbilical cord has fallen off;
in the first half of life, hygienic baths are performed daily, in the second - every other day, after a year - 2 times a week;
the duration of the bath for children in the first year of life is no more than 5-7 minutes, in the second year 8-10 minutes, for children over 2 years old - 10-15 minutes;
when bathing children of the first year of life, soap is used 2 times a week, for older children - 1 time a week;
It is advisable to carry out hygienic baths at certain hours, no earlier than 1 hour after feeding or 10-15 minutes before it, 1-1.5 hours before bedtime;
Items needed for bathing and caring for the baby should be prepared in advance so that bathing, skin care and changing are completed as quickly as possible;
the air temperature in the room should be 22-24 degrees, doors and windows should be closed;
if necessary, turn on the heater next to the bath and changing table.
^
Swaddling of newborns and infants
Target:--- create optimal temperature conditions for a child;
Create maximum comfort for the child.
Indications: --- protection child from heat loss;
Prevention of soiling of bed linen.
Contraindications:--- prematurity II-IV degree;
Age over 3 months.
Equipment: --- thin and a warm vest;
Flannel and thin diapers;
Diaper or diaper;
Changing table;
Latex gloves;
--- container with disinfectant solution, rags.
^
Required conditions:
--- use the free swaddling method (leaving a small space in the diaper for the baby to move freely);
Wear the cap only after a bath and while walking;
Correct fixation of diapers (the “lock” is located in the front);
Avoid the formation of rough folds, the presence of pins, buttons, etc.
^ Possible problems: --- anxiety due to diaper folds,
- - abrasions of the skin due to improper swaddling technique,
- - overheating or hypothermia,
- - breathing and digestion problems due to tight swaddling.
| Stages | Justifications |
| Preparation for manipulation |
|
| 1. Explain to mom the purpose and process of swaddling | Ensuring proper daily care for your child Prevention of developmental disorders of the musculoskeletal system |
| 2. Prepare the necessary equipment | Ensuring the accuracy of the procedure |
| 3. Wash and dry your hands, put on gloves Treat the changing table with a disinfectant solution | Ensuring infection safety |
| 4. Place the diapers on the changing table in layers (from bottom to top: flannel diaper thin diaper diaper or diaper) Prepare the vests by turning the thin seams outwards | Achieving precision in swaddling |
| 5. Unwaddle the baby in the crib (if necessary, wash and dry with a clean towel), place it on the changing table | Ensuring the procedure is carried out |
| ^ Performing a manipulation |
|
| 1. Put a thin undershirt on the child with the seams facing out, the slit to the back, then a flannel one with the slit forward | Prevention of chest cooling |
| 2. Put on a diaper. For this: Place the baby on the diaper so that the wide base of the diaper rests on the lumbar area Conduct bottom edge diaper between baby's legs Wrap the sides of the diaper around the body Note: the diaper can be replaced with a diaper | Preventing contamination of large areas of the body |
| 3. Wrap the baby in a thin diaper, - passing one edge between the legs Wrap the other edge around the baby Fold the bottom edge of the diaper, leaving space for free movement of the legs, and wrap it around the baby’s body. Secure the diaper by placing the “lock” of the diaper in front | Implementation of using the free swaddling method Prevention of abrasions |
| 4. Swaddle the baby in a warm diaper: Position the baby on the flannel diaper so that its upper edge is at the level of the tragus Use one edge of the diaper to secure the shoulder of the corresponding side, the front part of the body and the axillary area of the other side. Use the other edge of the diaper to dig up and secure the second shoulder Fold the bottom edge of the diaper so that it remains free space for baby's legs to move Fix the diaper at the level of the middle of the shoulders, place the “clasp” in front | Preventing child hypothermia Preventing the formation of “cleavage” when swaddling Implementation of the free swaddling method Providing comfortable conditions |
| 5. Wide swaddling: Place the child, wrapped in a diaper, on a flannel diaper folded lengthwise in the form of a ribbon 10-12 cm wide. Place the baby's head on one end and throw the other over the perineum onto the stomach. Then swaddle the baby using a thin and flannel diaper, as stated in the previous paragraphs | Ensuring the physiological position of the hips, the formation of the femoral head and acetabulum Preventing dislocation of the femoral head in the case of congenital hip dysplasia |
| ^ Completion of manipulation |
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| 1. Put the baby in the crib | Ensuring the safety of the child |
| 2. Wipe the working surface of the changing table with a disinfectant solution Remove gloves, wash and dry hands | Ensuring infection safety |
Note: Many full-term newborns can be dressed in vests, blouses and rompers from the first days of life, which contributes to their faster psychomotor development. But children who are weakened, underweight, immature, with increased neuro-reflex excitability need full or partial swaddling (only the legs are swaddled).
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