DIY umbrella made of galvanized steel. Round umbrella to protect ventilation. Installation of kitchen exhaust systems

What is an umbrella

An umbrella attached to the top of the pipe will perform the function of air extraction. Accumulated air masses from the release of harmful gases, vapors, dust, heat have harmful effects when a person inhales oxygen.

Installed umbrella on a pipe with the slightest movement wind creates a huge draft and if you open the doors, the window, the opening will be a supply - exhaust ventilation. Incoming air short terms will dry walls during repairs, remove moisture from premises in hard-to-reach places, grass, and workpieces that require drying during use.

An umbrella also helps to get rid of precipitation in the form of heavy rain and snow. A garage, a small warehouse, or a cellar have vulnerable places where rain falling down the pipe will create unpleasant conditions. Bringing moisture, dampness from which mold appears, creating bad smell. Water can damage items accidentally left in the wrong place.

When making repairs in your yard with your own hands without specialists, you want to save money or learn.

How to make a round umbrella

Consider a drawing for making an umbrella round section on the pipe with your own hands. This type of pipe is also called a chimney.

For the umbrella we will need material made of galvanized iron or black sheet. The thickness of the iron should not exceed 0.5 -0.7 mm. It will be difficult for you to make more than 1 mm because we will make the umbrella by hand.

Making the top part of the umbrella (cone)

We make a round umbrella with a diameter of 150 mm, respectively, near the pipe outside diameter should be 150 mm. The cut looks like this. We apply a metal ruler to a sheet of iron and mark a segment of 150 mm (15 cm). We place the caliper with the jaws to the first mark of the segment where 0 is located, and the second mark is 150. Holding the caliper
draw a circle. The diameter of our circle turned out to be 300 mm.

Using a ruler at the bottom of the circle, draw a segment of 150 mm.
And from the ends of the segment, draw lines to the center, you get this figure, in the form of a triangle.

Connection to umbrella locks (cone)

Now we will draw lines for locks in the triangle, or they are also called folded seams. The locks will be connected to each other so that the created cone part does not come apart when it is used. On the left side we mark 15 mm, and on the other 7 mm (if the part is large, add another 5 mm to the sides of the locks). Along the blue line, cut to the center with scissors on both sides.

On the left side we make a lock, bend it or fold it at a corner of 15 mm, as shown in Figure A. Divide this 15 mm in half to get a total of 7 mm, bend it as shown in Figure B. We make the same bend with right side where indicated is 7 mm, indicated in blue in Figure B.

Now you need to take the part in your hand, apply it from the beginning of the lock to a corner or pipe and gradually bend it into a cone so that the locks match. The matching locks can be lightly pressed with pliers. We place a pipe or some kind of device under the lock (in metalworking and tinsmithing this serves as a medium-sized rail) and gradually bend it with hammer blows and tap it.

The dimensions of the pipe on the roof are different, and therefore the umbrellas are not the same in size, but the essence of the matter is the same. I will take the approximate size of the umbrella 500 x 500 as a basis and it will be in a reduced form. You have your own sizes and do it according to your own.

On initial stage in the best possible way make such an umbrella out of paper or cardboard. After all, it’s not a pity to throw away paper and cardboard. But if you bend the iron incorrectly, you cut it too small to size and it costs a lot of money. You decide.

We cut out the template you drew with your own hand. Marked at the top and bottom by 10 mm, these are flanges.

The lower flange is needed to make the metal rigid so that it does not bend, and will also protect your hands from possible injuries. Upper flange for connecting the neck of the umbrella at the top.

Adding 20 mm on both sides serves to fasten the parts. How to fasten, choose for yourself, you can use rivets, self-tapping screws, a hand riveter (ventilation).

The height is 70 mm, perhaps a little less, it all depends on your pipe dimensions and designs. Since the skirt is a square umbrella, the convex base of the brick can rest on it. This means that the height needs to be reduced. The main thing is not to forget to measure the pipe.

The width is also 500 mm; you don’t need to measure the pipe too tight. If it is exactly 500 mm, add 10 mm, you will get 5 mm of additive on each side.

Bottom height 50 mm leave as is

You need exactly 2 of these parts. Carefully cut out according to the template. Let's move on to the next one.

The second template comes without adding on both sides. Cut out 2 pieces.

The 10 mm flanges marked at the bottom of the parts must be bent inward and punched with a mallet; the resulting rigidity will prevent the parts from deforming.

The resulting parts connected to each other should look like this shown in the photo.

The next step is to complete the neckline of the underskirt. We cut out the part according to the drawing, Yellow flanges for connection. In green, the 10 mm flange goes from the center. Dark color delete. cut out this part. You can increase the size of 300 x 300 at your discretion, but not by much. because you still need a place to attach the upper part of the umbrella.

It turns out like this.

We connect the finished neck with the rest of the umbrella skirt. There is one caveat. When connecting, you can add stripes on all sides. The strips serve to secure the umbrella to the pipe. If you wish to mount in a different way, then do not install them.

Making the top part of a square umbrella

Make a mushroom, an umbrella, a hat, a head, a finial, a cone. As soon as they do not call up the details of a regular umbrella. Let's learn to do it ourselves. Let's start again with the template that we will outline.

Umbrella size 500 x 500, take side 500 and add another 100 mm, this is necessary so that the top of the umbrella covers the bottom skirt. We divide the resulting 600 mm in half, resulting in 300 mm. See photo in the picture A) shown. The height was taken to be 130 mm. From 130 we calculate the length to the beginning of the triangle, it turns out to be 280.

Next we make the next complete triangle with a height of 280 mm and a length of 600 mm. Draw a triangle line between the length and the height. See picture B). We will outline the resulting triangle template 4 times. Then we’ll add 10 mm to the flanges and don’t forget to add 20 - 30 mm to one side to connect the part together.

It is better to make the flange immediately by bending it inward 10 mm at a time and walking it with a mallet. Bend the part inward according to the markings. Start with 20mm and work your way inwards. If there are no specialized machines, gnats, clamps. Be smart. Place the corner and press down with your foot. Screw a corner to the top of the table and try to bend it around it. In general, any method is good.

In rooms associated with food preparation, large emissions of steam, fats, combustion products, etc. occur. To prevent their spread to other rooms and to clear the air from them, exhaust hoods are often used. Next, we will look at what these devices are, their types and features.

Installation of kitchen exhaust systems

Any room has a ventilation system that provides an influx of fresh air and outflow of contaminated. However, such ventilation is not enough for food preparation areas, because emissions, before entering the general system, spread throughout the entire room and mix with the clean room.

Therefore in Food Industry and in domestic kitchens usually used local ventilation, the main element of which is a ventilation exhaust hood. Most often this is a dome-shaped structure that is connected to common system ventilation.

Making umbrellas ventilation systems made of galvanized steel sheet, so that when hot air enters the box, oxidation and even greater air pollution do not occur.

The entire structure usually consists of several basic elements:

Box- is the main product, since it prevents the spread of emissions throughout the entire space of the room, and also serves as a housing for other parts.
Filters– as a rule, all models are necessarily equipped with a grease trap. In addition, they may have additional systems filtration.
Fan– forcibly sucks polluted air inside the box. It must be said that it is not available on all devices. For example, if the structure is connected to a forced exhaust ventilation, then she may not.
Air duct– a channel through which contaminated air flows from the duct into the ventilation system. The diameter of the air duct can be different: 110–150 mm. In addition, there are square and rectangular ducts.

Note!
When working with open fire, the product must be equipped with a flame-retardant filter.

Depending on the type of device, the design may have some nuances. For example, recovery ventilation hoods do not have an air duct, since they are not connected to general ventilation. The air in such devices undergoes fine cleaning and flows back into the room.

Thus, the operating principle of the design is quite simple - contaminated air is sucked into the hood, cleaned there to prevent it, and then discharged outside through the air ducts.

Kinds

All existing kitchen umbrellas differ in several ways:

Household and industrial hoods

An industrial exhaust hood for ventilation is in many ways similar to household hoods.

The difference is only in a few points, such as:

Size – industrial devices have much larger dimensions, since they cover the area of industrial furnaces.
Fan power is significantly higher.
Filters - industrial hoods have special grease traps, from which the settled impurities flow into a special glass. Such a drive must be periodically emptied and washed with soapy water. Household devices, as a rule, have paper and fiber disposable filters.

It must be said that the differences between industrial and household hoods are sometimes not very pronounced. For example, in cottages they often install devices whose characteristics are very similar to industrial hoods.

Note!
The price of these products mainly depends on the fan power, dimensions and the presence of additional functions.

Installation methods

As mentioned above, there are two types of hoods according to the installation method:

Island ventilation umbrellas- suspended from the ceiling. Often installed above kitchen stoves located in the middle of the room. As a rule, such devices contain several rows of filters.
Wall-mounted – as you can easily guess from the name, they are mounted to the wall. Such structures are often installed above kitchen stoves located near the wall. Installing such a hood with your own hands is quite simple.

Note!
When installing a hood above the stove, according to GOST for ventilation system hoods, it must be at least 100 mm larger than the hood.
This will avoid highlighting harmful substances into the environment.

A mixture of gases with fuel combustion products from fireplaces, stoves and heating boilers exits through the chimney into the street. Looking at private houses, you will notice that the head of the pipe is crowned with a special canopy or umbrella. At first glance at these devices, decorated with figured forging, intricate patterns and figures, one gets the impression that they are just a decorative element. In fact, the chimney cap is important element smoke removal systems, the correct design and installation of which affects the efficiency of its operation. This article will tell you about the principles of operation, types and methods self-made do-it-yourself deflectors.

A chimney cap is a device that resembles an umbrella or canopy in appearance and is installed on the head of the chimney to protect against moisture. There are a huge number of variations in the appearance of weather vanes, depending on the shape and size of the smoke exhaust duct. The design of all types of hoods consists of the following elements:

Important! For the chimney, you can make a cap with your own hands from sheet metal, however, more complex models easier to buy or order. The most convenient type to maintain and operate is a protective umbrella with an opening lid. Due to the mobility of this element, the protective visor is not removed during.

To make a durable cap, sheet metal that is not subject to corrosion is used. DIY production from galvanized steel, copper or aluminum is common. An umbrella with a copper head has a noble shade, it looks respectable, but often becomes a “victim” of non-ferrous metal collectors.

Varieties

The abundance of shapes and types of chimneys force manufacturers to produce caps of various shapes, styles, and sizes. In construction stores you can find the following types of products:

Standard weather vane. Her umbrella is a pyramid made of sheet metal, attached to a drip apron using brackets.
Four-slope weather vane. The pommel of such models resembles a hip hipped roof. Typically they are used for rectangular pipes made of brick.
Wind vane with a semicircular umbrella. It is used for installation on the roofs of European-style houses. In terms of increasing traction, it has low efficiency, however, looks beautiful on a slope.
Flat weather vane. It is equipped with a flat rectangular umbrella and is used for buildings in the minimalist and modernist styles. Flat cover The cap does not allow snow to roll off, which is why the brackets of such models experience increased load and sometimes become deformed.
Round weather vane with a cone-shaped umbrella. They are used to protect round stainless steel pipes; such models are not equipped with a drip line.

Note! Wind vanes are equipped with additional functional elements: dampers, double roofs, folding doors. Don’t get carried away with elaborate details, because the main thing in choosing a deflector is durability and efficiency. An ill-conceived shape can cause noise or vibration in the pipe.

Operating principles and functions

The chimney cap not only protects against debris and water getting into the smoke exhaust channel, it affects the draft force. Air flow, moving horizontally or at an angle, splits and goes down, this causes a “suction” effect. Thanks to this, a zone with reduced pressure is created, into which smoke from the firebox rushes. The protective deflector performs the following functions:

Prevents moisture from penetrating into the chimney pipe. Dampness in the chimney increases fuel consumption and creates favorable conditions for the spread of fungus.
Closes the pipe opening from branches, leaves, debris, as well as nesting birds. An umbrella reduces the risk of fire and blockages. Thanks to it, the chimney becomes less clogged and functions more efficiently.
Optimizes the operation of the chimney. A correctly selected canopy increases the efficiency of the chimney by 10-15%. And with the help of special aerodynamic deflectors with turbines they solve the problem of lack of traction.

Important! Although a chimney protective umbrella is considered a decorative element, it is primarily functional element smoke removal. A properly selected deflector should not create noise or vibration inside the chimney duct.

DIY making

To make a chimney canopy with your own hands, it is better to choose a simpler model. To work, you will need galvanized steel sheets, metal scissors, bends, a marker, cardboard, and a welding machine. The process is performed in the following order:

Important! The easiest way to make a chimney cap with your own hands is to make it from a sheet of metal curved in an arc. When creating a drawing, keep in mind that winter period the brackets bear the weight of the snow cap, so choose metal of sufficient thickness and strength.

When making your own umbrella to protect the chimney from moisture penetration, accurately measure the dimensions of the pipe. A correctly selected deflector model improves appearance roof and optimizes the operation of the smoke removal system.