Writing separators. Spelling of separators b and b Spelling of separator b (hard sign)

No matter how they try to convince students that the knowledge they acquired during their school years will be needed in the future, unfortunately, this is not the case. However, some things they teach in school will actually be useful in life. adult life. For example, the ability to write correctly. To master it, you need to know the basic grammatical laws of the Russian language. Among them are the rules governing the use of separating signs ъ and ь.

Hard sign: history and its role in the word

The twenty-eighth letter of the Russian alphabet, despite the fact that it does not represent sounds, performs an important function in words. Therefore, before consideringrules governing the use of ъ and ь signs are worthlearn a little about its history and role in the word.

A solid sign existed in Slavic languages almost from the very moment of their formation. It started out as a short vowel sound until it evolved into an unpronounceable letter used to divide words into syllables and also replace spaces.

IN late XIX V. it was noted that the frequent use of ъ in texts (4% of the total volume) is inappropriate, especially in telegraphy, cursive writing and typography. In this regard, attempts have been made more than once to limit the use solid sign.

After the revolution of 1917, this letter was completely abolished for almost ten years. In those years, an apostrophe was used as a separator in words.However, in 1928 it was excluded from the Russian language (but remained in Ukrainian and Belarusian), and its dividing function was taken over by a solid sign, which it performs to this day.

In what cases is ъ put in words?

As for the use of a solid sign, there are several rules for placing it before e, yu, ё, i:

After prefixes that end with a consonant: connector, pre-anniversary.
In terms that came from other languages, with the prefixes ab-, ad-, diz-, in-, inter-, con-, ob- and sub-: adjuvant, disjunction.
After counter-, pan-, super, trans- and field-: pan-Europeanism, superyacht.
In compound words starting with two-, three-, four-: two-core, three-tier, quadrilingual.

There are several exceptions, when ъ does not stand at the junction of a prefix and a root, but inside the word itself. These nouns include: courier and flaw.

When they don't put it

In addition to the rules governing the use of ъ and ь signs, it is worth remembering cases when they do not need to be used:

A hard sign is not used in words with a prefix ending in a consonant when it is followed by the vowels a, o, i, u, e, s: cloudless, curbed.
Not installed this sign in complex abbreviated terms: inyaz, glavyuvelirtorg.
It is also not used in lexemes written with a hyphen: half a diocese, half an apple.

When considering the rules governing the use of ъ and ь signs that perform a separating function in a word, it is worth remembering that the lexemes “interior” and “clerk” are written using a soft sign. This spelling is no exception, since in the word “interior” inter is not a prefix, but part of the root. And in “deacon” the prefix is not sub-, but po-, but -deacon is the root.

What functions does a soft sign perform?

As for ь, in ancient times it meant a short vowel [and], but gradually, like ъ, it lost its sound.

At the same time, he retained the ability [and] to impart softness to the preceding consonant sound.

Unlike the hard word, it can perform 3 functions.

Dividing.
Informs about the softness of the preceding sound.
Used to indicate certain grammatical forms.

Rules for using a soft sign

Studying the laws of the Russian languageregulating the use of ъ and ь signs, it is worth learning a few rules:

A soft sign that performs a dividing function is never placed after a prefix (this is the destiny of a hard sign). Parts of words in which the dividing ь is written are the root, suffix and ending to e, ё, yu, i: monkey, interior. This rule applies to both Russian vocabulary and borrowed terms from other languages.
The separator ь is placed in some words before the letter combination it: champignon, medallion, broth and million.

In the case when ь informs about the softness of the preceding sound, and does not perform a dividing function, its production is determined by the following rules:

In the middle of a word ь indicates the softness of the letter l if it precedes another consonant other than l: finger, prayer. Also, the soft sign does not “wedge” into letter combinations: nch, nsch, nn, rshch, chk, chn, rch, schn ( drummer, candle).
In the middle of a word, this sign is placed between the soft and hard consonants: please, very much.
In the middle of a word, ь can stand between two soft consonants. Provided that when the form of the word changes, the first remains soft, and the second becomes hard: request - in a request, letter - in a letter.
In some cases, this symbol is located at the end of a word after consonants. At the same time, it helps to establish the meaning of the token: linen(plant) - laziness(quality of character), con(place for bets in the game) - horse(animal).

As a marker for individual grammatical forms, this sign is used in the following cases:

In adjectives arising from the names of months (except January): February, September.
At the end of numerals from 5 to 30, as well as in their middle, if they denote tens from 50 to 80 and hundreds from 500 to 900: six, seventy, eight hundred.
In the imperative mood of verbs (except lie down - lie down): take it out, take it out, throw it in, throw it in.
In the infinitive ( initial form verb): maintain, raise.
In all cases of the word “eight” and in the instrumental case it is plural. numbers of individual numerals and nouns: six, lashes.

The use of ь and ъ signs after hissing w, h, shch, sh

Following these soft sign letters is possible under the following conditions:

At the end of most adverbs and particles, except: I can't bear to get married and in pretext between.
In the infinitive: preserve, bake.
In the imperative mood of verbs: anoint, comfort.
At the endings of the second person of verbs singular future and present tenses: sell it, destroy it.
At the end nominative case nouns gender, in III declension: daughter, power. For comparison in m. gender - cry, broadsword.

In some cases, ь is not used after these letters:

In nouns of the 2nd declension: executioner, dummy.
In short forms of adjectives: fresh, burning.
In the genitive case of nouns plural:puddles, clouds

A hard sign after zh, sh, ch, sch at the end of a word or root is not placed, since its “place” is always after the prefix before e, e, yu, i.

Using ь and ъ signs: exercises

Having familiarized yourself with all the cases of setting soft and hard signs, you should move on to the exercises. To avoid confusion, we have collected together most of the above rules governing the use of ь and ъ signs. The table below will serve as a hint for completing the tasks.

In this exercise you need to choose which letter should be placed in the words.

This task concerns the use of a soft sign following sibilant letters. You should open the brackets in it and put a soft sign where necessary.

In the last exercise you need to write down the proposed words in 2 columns. In the first - those that are used with ь, in the second - those that are without it.

Since both hard and soft signs are “silent” letters, they play an important role in the Russian language. You can make many mistakes in your writing if you do not know the laws of grammar governing the use of ъ and ь signs. You will have to learn more than one rule so as not to confuse which sign should be used in a particular situation. However, it is worth it, especially in the case of soft sign, since often only its presence helps determine lexical meaning words.

Card 1

Paste ъ, where necessary. Select consoles. Underline the letter after ъ.

Sample: entry.

Entering the city. There is an advertisement on the wall. Presented documents. Once... I found a friend. I clarified the task. An angry beast. Crane... You...are leaving the city. The immense steppe.

Card 2

Match these words with words of the same root with the indicated prefixes. Select consoles. Underline the letters after ъ.

Sample: departure.

Riding (from-, under-, on-, once-). Ate (by-, with-, about-).

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Card 3

Write by opening the brackets and inserting the missing letters. Select consoles. Underline the letter after ъ.

My father went on a (c) trip and took me (to) stay with my grandmother. A car was driving (under) the car. We (you) were driving to the road and an hour later we were going to the city.

Card 4

Number 1 word with a separator b, and the number 2 is the word with b- an indicator of the softness of consonants.

Sick, gun, spear, I'll take, birds, letter, nightingales, trees, at night,

boy, autumn, pebbles, ants, happiness, life, blizzard, slice, finger.

Card 5

Write the phrases, changing the meaning of the words in brackets.

Sample: ( Fox ) fox Nora ,

(bird)................................... feather, (wolf)..... ................... tracks, (dog)………………………. kennel, (goat)........................ milk,

(bear)............................. paw, (hare)............ ......................hat, (squirrel)................... .............skin.

Card 6

Write the words in two columns: in the first - words with a separating soft sign, and in the second - words with a soft sign - an indicator of the softness of consonants.

Sick, gun, spear, I'll take, birds, letter, nightingales, skates, trees, at night, boy, autumn, pebbles, ants, happiness, life, blizzard, slice, finger, crow's nest.

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Card 7

Read the proverbs. Insert a hard or soft separator. Underline the vowels that come after the separators.

1. The whole family... I'm together, and my soul is in place. 2. To eat fish, you have to get into the water. 3. They meet you according to their payment, but they see you off according to your intelligence. 4. In winter, a fungus would eat, but the snow is deep. 5. The bird is red with its feathers, and the man is a scientist.....

Card 8

Z..ma announced..ina in..a dream. The pr..l..tel wind..r, s.brought menacing clouds. They did not let the sun's rays hit the ground. In..sleep she sent m..l..to the grass..warm drops of..rain. Z..ma froze them. The kidneys on the... roars... shrank. Z..ma pinched them with her pussy. Mixed rain with snow, thunder in the autumn with the south. The enraged z..ma tried to strike at the very heart in..a dream, but couldn’t see..it.

Card 9

Write the words in two columns.

Sem..ya, in..drove, bul..on, in..et, in..drive, in..south, postman, in..youn, shrank, announcement, hand.. and, Il..ya, enraged, gun..e, Dem..yan, out..yan.

Card 10

Insert suitable words with separators into the sentences ъ and ь.

1. Sasha………………... pie. 2. To the house......................... car. 3. In the spring, ............................................... flowed along the paths. 4. Ilya loves foam with.................... 5. Birds …………………. . nests on........................................ and bushes. 5. It rains often................................... in autumn.

Card 11

Write it down by inserting the missing letters.

1. (C) spruce (c) the squirrel jumped.. 2. The guests (c) ate a delicious cake. 3. The worms (under) ate the roots of the cabbage. 4. The hare sat (under) the spruce.

Card 12

Think of and write down two or three words different parts speech with separator ъ with these attachments : S-, under-, about-, times-, in-, from-.

...……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Card 13

Write it down. Fill in the missing letters.

Somehow in a saucer in......................................... ...................................................

I (on) walked st..created..e. ........................................................ ....................................

Of course, I sat down straight away.................................... ...........................................

And he quickly sat down. ........................................................ ....................................

And now..to continue..I.................................... ...............................................

This is what I wanted....................................... ...........................................

There is not a drop..ki in..ren..ya. ........................................................ .........................................

Test "Dividers"

Student................................................. .........

1. Where is the separating soft sign written in words?

a) immediately after the prefixes;

2. Where do they write the separating solid sign in words?

a) immediately after the prefixes;

b) at the root and after the root of the word.

3. What letters should the root begin with?

a) from vowels;

b) with consonants.

4. What letter should the prefix end with before -
hard dividing sign?

a) to a consonant;

b) to a vowel.

5. Before which vowels do they write a soft separator?
sign? Circle the correct letters.

6. What vowels are written before the dividing hard?
sign? Circle the correct letters.

A, e, s, e, yu, i, o, e, u, i.

soft sign.

a) life..;

b) happy;

c) no;

d) letter..mo.

7. Underline the words in which the separator is missing
a solid sign.

a) left...left

b) present

c) v..et;

d) explain..explain.

Test: “Soft separating sign”

Student

Level 1

Find and underline words with a soft separator.

Flakes, big, minx, tenants, housing, ice floe.

Read it. Underline words with a soft separator.

At night there was a blizzard. A girl sews dresses for dolls.

2 level

Read it. Insert appropriate words with a separating soft sign.

The hunter loaded.

They fell from the trees.

Drying on the line.

3 level

Correct mistakes.

Our Kozhka Murka is a great minx. Dad brought a stuffed sparrow. Murka grabbed Scarecrow. All that was left of the bird was shreds.

Test: “Separation ь and ъ”

Last name, first name...................................................

1. Choose the correct answer.
Dividingb is written:

a) after a consonant before letterse, e, i, yu, i;

b) after prefixes that end in a consonant,
before letterse, e, I.

2. Choose the correct answer.

Dividingb shows that

a) a consonant followed by a vowel
pronounced separately;

b) the consonant sound after which it comes is pronounced
soft.

3. Underline the words in which b denotes only the softness of consonant sounds.

Nightingales, feathers, day, mill, skates, coals, dust, ring.

4. Emphasize wordswith dividing soft sign.

Boy, feathers, health, tweeting, pouring, letter, family, polka, sons.

5. Arrange the words in three columns: 1 - with a soft separator; 2 - with a soft sign - an indicator of the softness of the consonant; 3- with separatingъ.

Cotton...I, s..ezd, happiness...e, in...the south, teacher...girl, little...person, s...emka.

1. The separating ъ (hard sign) is written before the vowels e, e, yu, i:

· after a prefix ending in a consonant: entrance, detour;

· in words of foreign language origin after prefixes ending in a consonant (ab-, ad-, diz-, in-, inter-, con-, counter-, ob-, sub-, per-, trans-) or after the compound particle pan -: adjutant, trans-European;

· V difficult words, the first part of which is the numerals two-, three-, four-: two-tier, three-story;

2. This rule does not apply to compound words: children.

Spelling of the separator ь (soft sign).

The separating ь (soft sign) is written:

· inside the word before the vowels e, e, yu, i: peasant, blizzard;

· in some words of foreign origin before the letter o: medallion, champignon.

Spelling of vowels after sibilants and ts in suffixes and endings.

1. In the endings and suffixes of nouns, adjectives and suffixes of adverbs, under stress after hissing and c, o is written, without stress - e (knife "m, big" go, book "n", kontsom"m, okol'tso"vy-vat; BUT ekila "jewel, p"look for, ry"zhego, merchants, okoltseva".

2. After hissing words, ё is written under stress:

· at the endings of verbs (neighing, lying),

· in the suffix of the verb -yovyva- (to uproot),

· in the suffix of nouns -ёr- (trainee),

· in the suffix of verbal nouns -yovk- (uprooting),

· with the suffix of passive participles -yon(n)- (struck, harnessed),

· in the suffix of verbal adjectives (zhzheny) and in words derived from these adjectives (zhzhenka),

· in the pronoun about what,

· no matter what, no matter what.

Complex are sentences whose parts are independent, equal and connected by a coordinating syntactic connection expressed by coordinating conjunctions.

You like to show off your advantages, but people don't like that.

Scheme: (...), but (...).

Complex sentences usually designated as follows: SSP.

Coordinating connection expressed by coordinating conjunctions. They determine the nature of semantic relations in the BSC.

The coach got sick and the classes were postponed.

(connective conjunction And, the sentence expresses a sequence of actions determined as cause and effect)

Separation from loved ones is difficult, but it is easier than living with those you don’t love.

(adverse conjunction But, the sentence expresses opposition)

Either he got sick, or his mother left him at home to help with the housework.

(separation union not that... not that, the sentence expresses mutual exclusion)

The classification of BSCs is based on the use of conjunctions in them and their meaning.

BSC are divided into the following types:

1. BSC with connecting unions and, yes (meaning And), neither... nor, as, and express either the simultaneity of events referred to in parts of the BSC, or the relationship of cause or effect:

Anna did not answer, and the pause dragged on.

(simultaneity of actions)

2. SSP with adversarial alliances a, but, yes (meaning But), however, on the other hand, while, meanwhile, while, while they express comparison or opposition:

Anna didn’t answer, but I didn’t rush her.

(matching)

3. SSP with dividing unions or (or), either, then... then, either... or, not that... not that express alternation or mutual exclusion:

Perhaps we will come to you, or better yet, come to our dacha.

(mutually exclusive)

4. BSC with connecting unions and, moreover, also, they also point to Additional information:

She expressed her feelings directly, and I was also simple and direct in my communication.

5. BSC with explanatory conjunctions that is, they contain an explanation:

Your article did not interest us, that is, we will not publish it.

Non-Union complex sentences differ from allied ones in that the syntactic connection of the parts of a complex sentence is expressed in them without the help of conjunctions and allied words. Syntactic connection expressed in them intonationally. Intonation also helps determine the meaning of sentences, which can often be defined differently out of context.

The teacher got sick, the lesson was postponed.

(sequencing)

The teacher fell ill: classes were postponed.

(explanation)

The teacher got sick and classes were postponed.

(causal relationship)

Non-union complex sentences are usually designated BSP.

1. BSP with sequence value:

A strong and sharp wind blew and the sky became cloudy.

2. BSP with explanatory meaning:

Something incomprehensible is happening to me: I am worried for no reason.

In such sentences the conjunction can be mentally substituted namely. The second sentence explains the first.

3. BSP with complement value:

I entered the house: it was clean and cool.

The second sentence complements the first; it contains additional information.

4. BSP with the meaning of the reason:

I was offended by him: he was to blame for me.

The second sentence states the reason for the first. From the first sentence you can ask the question why?

5. BSP with condition value:

If I want, everything will be my way.

The first sentence contains a condition; a conjunction can be substituted If.

6. BSP with the meaning of the consequence:

There was freezing rain and so many trees were broken.

The second sentence contains a consequence of the events mentioned in the first part. Conjunctions may be added to the second sentence as a result of which or So.

7. BSP with time value:

The rain stopped and the children ran outside.

A conjunction can be substituted in the first sentence When.

8. BSP with the mapping value:

Time for business - time for fun.

The second sentence can be substituted with a conjunction A.

Introduction

After a consonant before a vowel, the letters e, e, yu, ya (and) help to denote the sound [th"] by b and b. In this case the signs are called dividing marks.

In the lesson you will learn how to choose the right one from two separating characters.

Lesson topic: “The rule for using the separating signs b and b.”

Observing the structure of words with b and b signs

Let's observe the structure of words with the b sign. To find the root, let's select words with the same root.

Fun, have fun, have fun(root -vesel-),

bearish, bear cub, she-bear(root -bear-, -bear-),

sparrows, little sparrow, passerine(root -sparrow-).

Let's observe the structure of words with the Ъ sign.

I'm going, I'm going, I'm going(root -ed-, prefix s-),

entrance, driving(root -ezd-, prefix under-),

announcement, announcement, announce(root -yavl-, prefix ob-).

We formulate the rule for using the separating signs b and b

The separative b is written at the root of the word after the consonants before the letters e, e, yu, i, i.

The separating b is written between the prefix and the root after prefixes ending in a consonant, before the letters e, e, yu, ya.

How to use the rule

1. Say the word, listen to see if it contains the sound [th"] after the consonant sound before the vowel.

2. Identify the root in the word.

3. Look where you need to write separator mark- at the root or between the prefix and the root. If at the root, write b, if between the prefix and the root, write b.

Applying new knowledge

Using the rule, determine what needs to be written in place of the gaps - separating b or b.

Street_i, nightingale_i, pre_anniversary, raz_ezd, sedobny, brother_ya.

Beehives - root -ul-, write b;

nightingales - nightingale, root -nightingale-, write b;

pre-anniversary - anniversary, root -anniversary-, prefix pre-, ends in a consonant, write b;

travel - ride, root -ezd-, prefix raz-, ends in a consonant, write b;

edible - food, root -ed-, prefix s-, ends in a consonant, write b;

brothers - brother, root -take-, write b.

Apply your new knowledge, spell words with the root -EX- correctly, and don’t fall into traps.

from?went, on?went, in?went, reached, drove up, from?went, drove

moved out, drove off, drove in, arrived, drove up, drove off, drove in

In words went, arrived, stopped by prefixes po-, do-, end in a vowel sound, therefore There is no need to write the Kommersant sign.

In words moved out, drove in, drove up, drove off prefixes s-, v-, sub-, ot- end in a consonant, therefore you need to write b.

Write the words in letters.

[s й "е l] - ate. After the consonant [s] before the vowel [e], the letter E is denoted by Ъ. C- prefix, root -e-. [vy"un] - loach. After the consonant [v] before the vowel [y], the letter Yu helps to denote the sound [y"] by b. Root -loach-. [p"er"y"a] - feathers. After the consonant [p"] before the vowel [a], b helps to designate the sound [th"] of the letter I. The root is -per-. Listen to yourself and write the words with sounds.

wings - [wing "y"a], 6 b., 6 star. I'll eat - [sy"edu], 5 points, 5 stars. You noticed that the number of sounds and letters in the words is the same.

b, b do not indicate sounds, but the letters e, e, yu, i denote two sounds[y"e], [y"o], [y"u], [y"a].

We look for words with b and b signs in poetic lines

Find words with b and b in the lines of poetry.

Suddenly it became twice as bright,

The yard is like in sun rays -

This dress is golden

On the shoulders of a birch tree.

In the morning we go to the yard -

Leaves are falling like rain.

E. Trutneva

Who will have the opportunity

Travel to hot regions

Ride a camel!

Really great, friends!

S. Baruzdin

It's raining, it's raining,

He beats the drums. A. Barto

The evil blizzard flew away.

The rooks brought warmth.

They ran after each other

Restless streams.

A. Usanova

I see wonderful freedom,

I see cornfields and fields.

This is Russian expanse,

This is Russian land.(Song)

Gray hare under a pine tree

He announced that he was a tailor...

The hare cuts, the hare sews,

And the bear is waiting in the den.

S. Mikhalkov

Dress(root -pay-),

leaves(root -leaf-),

go(root -ezd-, prefix s-, ends in a consonant),

Friends(root -friend-),

snowstorm(root -blizzard-),

streams(root -stream-),

freedom- space, free life (root -will-),

expanse- dol, valley (root -dol-),

announced(root -yav-, prefix ob-, ends in a consonant).

note: in words sews, pours, beats and in related words sew, spill, beat at the root it is written b (roots: -sh-, -l-, -b-).

We look for words in the text with separating signs b and b

Find words in the text with separating signs b and b.

A small bird flutters above the river in the frosty haze. She quickly dives into the water. In a moment - rise. This is a dipper, a visitor from the northern forests. The bird's feathers are greased. This is how you can explain why the dipper is not afraid of water.(see Fig. 1)

Curls- vit, viu, root -v-, write b,

climb- you can see in books two options for isolating a root: the root -em-, the prefix under-, the root -lift-, we write ъ,

guest- living room, stay, root -guest-, write b,

explain- clear, clear, explain, root -yas-, prefix ob-, ends in a consonant, write ъ.

Explain which letters are missing

The birthplace of the Russian samovar is the city of Tula. In Rus', samovars of different shapes and sizes have long been made. There were even samovars with removable handles. My Russian family loves to sit by the samovar. The proverb says: “Whoever drinks tea will live a hundred years.”

Volume- previously the prefix ob- was distinguished, now the root -volume- is distinguished;

removable- shooting, previously the prefix s- was highlighted, now the root -sem is highlighted;

family- family, root -seven-;

drinks- drink, root -drink-.

We observe the words that answer the question whose?

Listen to the dialogue.

If only you had some fox teeth, hare!

If only you had wolf legs, gray one!

If only you had lynx claws, scythe!

- Uh, what do I need fangs and claws?

My soul is still a hare.

In words that answer the question whose?: fox, wolf, lynx, hare, deer, squirrel, birdthe root is written b.

Listening to proverbs

Listen to the proverbs, find words with b and b signs.

The streams will merge - there will be a river. People will unite - their strength cannot be defeated.

Happiness is not a fish; you can’t catch it with a fishing rod.

Friendship is strong not through flattery, but through truth and honor.

Streams- stream, in the root - stream- after the consonant before the letter and it is written ь.

Will merge- pour, pour, at the root -l- after a consonant before a letter Yu written ь.

Unite- union, single, root -uni-, after a prefix ending in a consonant, before a root starting with a letter e, written ъ.

Happiness- happy, at the root -happiness- after the consonant before the letter e written ь.

Flattery- at the root - flattery - after a consonant before a letter Yu written ь.

Honor- at the root -honor- after a consonant before a letter Yu written ь.

We memorize foreign words.

Remember foreign words with b:

object, subject, adjutant, injection(medicine injection, injection)

Remember words with b:

bouillon- meat decoction

battalion- unit in the army

pavilion- a small building in the garden, in the park

postman- mail delivery person to addresses

champignon- edible mushroom

Conclusion

The separative b is written at the root of the word after the consonants before the letters e, e, yu, i, and.

The separating Ъ is written between the prefix and the root after prefixes ending in a consonant, before letters e, e, yu, i.

Bibliography

M.S. Soloveychik, N. S. Kuzmenko “To the secrets of our language” Russian language: Textbook. 3rd grade: in 2 parts. - Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2010.
M.S. Soloveychik, N. S. Kuzmenko “To the secrets of our language” Russian language: Workbook. 3rd grade: in 3 parts. - Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2010.
T. V. Koreshkova Test tasks in the Russian language. 3rd grade: in 2 parts. - Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2011.
T.V. Koreshkova Practice! Notebook for independent work in Russian for grade 3: in 2 parts. - Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2011.
L.V. Mashevskaya, L.V. Danbitskaya Creative tasks in the Russian language. - St. Petersburg: KARO, 2003.
G.T. Dyachkova Olympiad tasks in Russian. 3-4 grades. - Volgograd: Teacher, 2008.

Homework

Write the words in two columns: in the left - with a soft separator, in the right - with a hard separator.
Sh.yut, n.yut, l.yut, b.yut, sat down, healthy, announcement, rise, out.yan, hug, sparrow, depart, happy. e, inclement, cheerful, present, unify, clarify.
Insert b or b. In words with a hard separator, highlight the prefixes.
The titmouse Zinka liked it in the forest in winter. So many trees! She was jumping on the branches. A bale with a sharp nose into a crack in the bark. He pulls out a bug and eats it.

Zinka looks: a forest mouse jumped out from under the snow. She’s shaking, she’s all nervous. She explained to Zinka her fear. The mouse fell into the bear's den.

(According to V. Bianchi)

Read the entries. Which one is not a mystery? Why? Guess the riddles. Solve spelling problems.

1. They beat him, but he doesn’t get angry,

He sings and has fun

Because without bit.i

There is no life for the ball. (To Berestov)

2. She herself, like a rocker,

It hung in the air.

The wings chirp,

The mosquito wants to eat.

3. It gets dusty underfoot, meanders and gets stuck.

It lies and runs and circles. What's the name?

Internet portal School-collection.edu.ru ().
Internet portal Gramota.ru ().
Internet portal Festival.1september.ru ().
Internet portal Dictionary.liferus.ru ().