GOST 16118-70

INTERSTATE STANDARD

CYLINDRICAL SCREW SPRINGS
COMPRESSION AND EXTENSION FROM STEEL
ROUND SECTION

TECHNICAL CONDITIONS

Moscow

Standardinform

2005

INTERSTATE STANDARD

Resolution of the Committee on Standards, Measures and measuring instruments under the Council of Ministers of the USSR dated June 22, 1970 No. 941, the date of introduction has been established

01.04.71

The validity period was removed by Decree of the USSR State Standard dated July 17, 1991 No. 1265

This standard applies to helical compression and tension springs made of steel round section, meeting the requirements of GOST 13764-86 - GOST 13776-86, GOST 2.401-68.

The standard does not apply to springs intended for operation at elevated temperatures, as well as in aggressive and other environments that require the use of special materials.

1. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

1.1. Springs must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard for technical documentation, approved in in the prescribed manner.

1.2. Requirements for materials and surface of springs

1.2.1. Materials must have certificates from the manufacturer certifying that the quality of the material meets the requirements established in the standards. Regardless of the availability of a certificate, calibration control of materials is allowed in the scope and manner established by agreement between the customer and the manufacturer.

1.2.2. Dirt, traces of salt, lead, grease, etc. are not allowed on the surface of the finished springs. Cleaning springs by etching is not permitted.

Springs with twisted wires are not allowed for subsequent operations. The remaining listed defects can be eliminated by gentle stripping. For springs I class, the minimum cross-sectional size of the wire (rod) at the stripping site should not exceed the limits minimum size according to the assortment for the material.

For springs II and III classes, the depth of stripping should not exceed half the tolerance range for the material, based on the actual size. In this case, the actual size of the coil section may be less than the minimum size according to the assortment for the material within the following limits:

a) for springs made of cold-drawn or calibrated wire up to 0.5 tolerance zones for the material;

b) for springs made of hot-rolled material up to 0.25 tolerance zones.

Sharp transitions are not allowed in stripping areas. Parameter Rzaccording to GOST 2789-73, the roughness of the cleaned surface should be no more than 20 microns.

Note: For springs subject to bonding as required by the drawing, the defects are cleaned up before the bonding operation.

1.2.4. Small nicks, depressions from fallen scale, wrinkles, individual scratches and marks, as well as marks from winding mandrels, rollers and tools are allowed without cleaning, if the listed defects extend no deeper than half the tolerance range for the diameter of the wire (rod).

The depth of the defect can be determined using control cleaning in accordance with clause .

1.2.2 - 1.2.4.

1.2.5. For hot-wound springs, ovality (flattening) of the wire cross-section is allowed; the difference between the largest and smallest cross-sectional dimensions should not exceed the tolerance field for the diameter of the rod. In this case, the actual smallest size of the coil section may be less than the minimum size of the rod by 0.25 of the tolerance field.

1.2.6. At the request of the customer or if there are instructions in the drawing, the springs are subjected to control of the depth of the decarburized layer, the total depth of which for springs made of hardenable steel grades should not exceed that specified in the relevant material standards by more than 25%. For springs that are not subject to hardening, the total depth of the decarburized layer must comply with the standard for the wire from which the spring is made.

1.3. Requirements for parameters and sizes of springs

The first group is springs with permissible deviations for controlled forces or deformations of ±5%. Designated for springs I and II classes according to GOST 13764-86, made from wire with a diameter of 1.6 mm or more.

The second group is springs with permissible deviations for controlled forces or deformations of ±10%. Designed for springs of all classes, except three-core (coil parameters - according to GOST 13774-86).

The third group is springs with permissible deviations for controlled forces or deformations of ±20%. Designed for springs of all classes, except single-core springs III class (parameters of turns according to GOST 13775-86 and GOST 13776-86).

It is allowed to manufacture springs with uncontrolled power parameters.

1.3.2. Designations of spring parameters are specified in GOST 2.401-68 and GOST 13765-86.

For maximum deviations The spring parameters have the following conventions:

maximum deviation of the outer diameter of the spring.................................................... D D

maximum deviation internal diameter springs...................................... D D 1

maximum deviation of wire (rod) diameter.................................................... . D d

maximum deviation of the height of the compression spring in the free state........... D N 0

maximum deviation of the height of the compression spring in the free state per one working turn...................................... ........................................................ ........................

maximum deviation of the height of the tension spring in the free state... D N 0

maximum deviation of hook length................................................................. ........................ D l

maximum deviation of the total number of turns.................................................... ............ D P 1

maximum deviation from the perpendicularity of the end planes to the generatrix of the spring:

in fractions of height H 0 .................................................................................................... e 1

in fractions of diameterD ........................................................ ...................................................e 2

unevenness of the spring pitch in the free state....................................................e 3

Combination of the same accuracy group of maximum deviations for forces or deformations with maximum deviations for geometric parameters, indicated in table. and , is optional. Moreover, if the first accuracy group is assigned to forces or deformations, then maximum deviations for geometric parameters can be assigned according to the second accuracy group; if the second accuracy group is assigned to forces or deformations, then maximum deviations for geometric parameters can be assigned according to the third accuracy group. In technically justified cases, maximum deviations for geometric parameters, in agreement with the manufacturer, may be assigned to higher accuracy groups than those corresponding to the assigned accuracy group for forces or deformations.

For springs with uncontrolled forces or deformations, all maximum deviations of geometric parameters are assigned according to one of three established accuracy groups.

Table 1

mm

table 2

Values ​​of maximum deviations of outer and inner diameters, number of turns and spring height

Table 3

INTERSTATE STANDARD

CYLINDRICAL SCREW SPRINGS
COMPRESSION AND EXTENSION FROM STEEL
ROUND SECTION

TECHNICAL CONDITIONS

Moscow

Standardinform

INTERSTATE STANDARD

Resolution of the Committee of Standards, Measures and Measuring Instruments under the Council of Ministers of the USSR dated June 22, 1970 No. 941 established the introduction date

01.04.71

The validity period was removed by Decree of the USSR State Standard dated July 17, 1991 No. 1265

This standard applies to helical cylindrical compression and tension springs made of round steel that meet the requirements of GOST 13764-86 - GOST 13776-86, GOST 2.401-68.

The standard does not apply to springs intended for operation at elevated temperatures, as well as in aggressive and other environments that require the use of special materials.

1. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

1.1. Springs must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard according to technical documentation approved in the prescribed manner.

1.2. Requirements for materials and surface of springs

1.2.1. Materials must have certificates from the manufacturer certifying that the quality of the material meets the requirements established in the standards. Regardless of the availability of a certificate, calibration control of materials is allowed in the scope and manner established by agreement between the customer and the manufacturer.

1.2.2. Dirt, traces of salt, lead, grease, etc. are not allowed on the surface of the finished springs. Cleaning springs by etching is not permitted.

1.2.3. Cracks, hairlines, shells, delaminations, sunsets, films, rust, scale, traces of corrosion by lead and salts, electrical burns, as well as local twisting of the wire are not allowed on the surface of the coils of springs.

Springs with twisted wires are not allowed for subsequent operations. The remaining listed defects can be eliminated by gentle stripping. For class I springs, the minimum cross-sectional size of the wire (rod) at the stripping site should not exceed the minimum size according to the material assortment.

For class II and III springs, the stripping depth should not exceed half the material tolerance range, based on the actual size. In this case, the actual size of the coil section may be less than the minimum size according to the assortment for the material within the following limits:

a) for springs made of cold-drawn or calibrated wire up to 0.5 tolerance zones for the material;

b) for springs made of hot-rolled material up to 0.25 tolerance zones.

Sharp transitions are not allowed in stripping areas. The Rz parameter according to GOST 2789-73 of the roughness of the cleaned surface should be no more than 20 microns.

Note. For springs subject to bonding as required by the drawing, the defects are cleaned up before the bonding operation.

1.2.4. Small nicks, depressions from fallen scale, wrinkles, individual scratches and marks, as well as marks from winding mandrels, rollers and tools are allowed without cleaning, if the listed defects extend no deeper than half the tolerance range for the diameter of the wire (rod).

The depth of the defect can be determined using control cleaning in accordance with clause 1.2.3.

1.2.2 - 1.2.4.

1.2.5. For hot-wound springs, ovality (flattening) of the wire cross-section is allowed; the difference between the largest and smallest cross-sectional dimensions should not exceed the tolerance field for the diameter of the rod. In this case, the actual smallest size of the coil section may be less than the minimum size of the rod by 0.25 of the tolerance field.

1.2.6. At the request of the customer or if there are instructions in the drawing, the springs are subjected to control of the depth of the decarburized layer, the total depth of which for springs made of hardenable steel grades should not exceed that specified in the relevant material standards by more than 25%. For springs that are not subject to hardening, the total depth of the decarburized layer must comply with the standard for the wire from which the spring is made.

1.3. Requirements for parameters and sizes of springs

1.3.1. The standard establishes three groups of spring accuracy according to forces or deformations (deflections).

The first group is springs with permissible deviations for controlled forces or deformations of ±5%. Designed for springs of classes I and II according to GOST 13764-86, made from wire with a diameter of 1.6 mm or more.

The second group is springs with permissible deviations for controlled forces or deformations of ±10%. Designed for springs of all classes, except three-core (coil parameters - according to GOST 13774-86).

The third group is springs with permissible deviations for controlled forces or deformations of ±20%. Designed for springs of all classes, except single-core springs of class III (coil parameters according to GOST 13775-86 and GOST 13776-86).

It is allowed to manufacture springs with uncontrolled power parameters.

1.3.2. Designations of spring parameters are specified in GOST 2.401-68 and GOST 13765-86.

For maximum deviations on spring parameters, the following conventions are established:

maximum deviation of the outer diameter of the spring................................................... D D

maximum deviation of the inner diameter of the spring................................................... D D 1

maximum deviation of wire (rod) diameter.................................................... .D d

maximum deviation of the height of the compression spring in the free state........... D N 0

maximum deviation of the height of the compression spring in the free state per one working turn...................................... ........................................................ ........................

maximum deviation of the height of the tension spring in the free state... D N 0

maximum deviation of hook length................................................................. ......................... D l

maximum deviation of the total number of turns.................................................... ............ D P 1

maximum deviation from the perpendicularity of the end planes to the generatrix of the spring:

in fractions of height H 0 .................................................................................................... e 1

in fractions of diameter D................................................... ....................................................e 2

unevenness of the spring pitch in the free state.................................................... e 3

1.3.3. The established accuracy groups for forces or deformations (clause 1.3.1) correspond to three accuracy groups for geometric parameters. Permissible deviations for geometric parameters must correspond to those indicated in the table. 1 - 3, and are also calculated using formulas (1) - (3).

The combination of the same accuracy group of maximum deviations for forces or deformations with maximum deviations for geometric parameters specified in table. 2 and 3 are optional. Moreover, if the first accuracy group is assigned to forces or deformations, then maximum deviations for geometric parameters can be assigned according to the second accuracy group; if the second accuracy group is assigned to forces or deformations, then maximum deviations for geometric parameters can be assigned according to the third accuracy group. In technically justified cases, maximum deviations for geometric parameters, in agreement with the manufacturer, may be assigned to higher accuracy groups than those corresponding to the assigned accuracy group for forces or deformations.

For springs with uncontrolled forces or deformations, all maximum deviations of geometric parameters are assigned according to one of three established accuracy groups.

Table 1

table 2

Values ​​of maximum deviations of outer and inner diameters, number of turns and spring height

Table 3

GOST 16118-70

INTERSTATE STANDARD

CYLINDRICAL SCREW SPRINGS
COMPRESSION AND EXTENSION FROM STEEL
ROUND SECTION

TECHNICAL CONDITIONS

Moscow

Standardinform

INTERSTATE STANDARD

Resolution of the Committee of Standards, Measures and Measuring Instruments under the Council of Ministers of the USSR dated June 22, 1970 No. 941 established the introduction date 01.04.71

The validity period was removed by Decree of the USSR State Standard dated July 17, 1991 No. 1265

This standard applies to helical cylindrical compression and tension springs made of round steel that meet the requirements of GOST 13764-86 - GOST 13776-86, GOST 2.401-68.

The standard does not apply to springs intended for operation at elevated temperatures, as well as in aggressive and other environments that require the use of special materials.

1. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

1.1. Springs must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard according to technical documentation approved in the prescribed manner.

1.2. Requirements for materials and surface of springs

1.2.1. Materials must have certificates from the manufacturer certifying that the quality of the material meets the requirements established in the standards. Regardless of the availability of a certificate, calibration control of materials is allowed in the scope and manner established by agreement between the customer and the manufacturer.

1.2.2. Dirt, traces of salt, lead, grease, etc. are not allowed on the surface of the finished springs. Cleaning springs by etching is not permitted.

1.2.3. Cracks, hairlines, shells, delaminations, sunsets, films, rust, scale, traces of corrosion by lead and salts, electrical burns, as well as local twisting of the wire are not allowed on the surface of the coils of springs.

Springs with twisted wires are not allowed for subsequent operations. The remaining listed defects can be eliminated by gentle stripping. For class I springs, the minimum cross-sectional size of the wire (rod) at the stripping site should not exceed the minimum size according to the material assortment.

For class II and III springs, the stripping depth should not exceed half the material tolerance range, based on the actual size. In this case, the actual size of the coil section may be less than the minimum size according to the assortment for the material within the following limits:

a) for springs made of cold-drawn or calibrated wire up to 0.5 tolerance zones for the material;

b) for springs made of hot-rolled material up to 0.25 tolerance zones.

Sharp transitions are not allowed in stripping areas. The Rz parameter according to GOST 2789-73 of the roughness of the cleaned surface should be no more than 20 microns.

Note. For springs subject to bonding as required by the drawing, the defects are cleaned up before the bonding operation.

1.2.4. Small nicks, depressions from fallen scale, wrinkles, individual scratches and marks, as well as marks from winding mandrels, rollers and tools are allowed without cleaning, if the listed defects extend no deeper than half the tolerance range for the diameter of the wire (rod).

The depth of the defect can be determined using control cleaning in accordance with clause 1.2.3.

1.2.2 - 1.2.4.

1.2.5. For hot-wound springs, ovality (flattening) of the wire cross-section is allowed; the difference between the largest and smallest cross-sectional dimensions should not exceed the tolerance field for the diameter of the rod. In this case, the actual smallest size of the coil section may be less than the minimum size of the rod by 0.25 of the tolerance field.

1.2.6. At the request of the customer or if there are instructions in the drawing, the springs are subjected to control of the depth of the decarburized layer, the total depth of which for springs made of hardenable steel grades should not exceed that specified in the relevant material standards by more than 25%. For springs that are not subject to hardening, the total depth of the decarburized layer must comply with the standard for the wire from which the spring is made.

1.3. Requirements for parameters and sizes of springs

1.3.1. The standard establishes three groups of spring accuracy according to forces or deformations (deflections).

The first group is springs with permissible deviations for controlled forces or deformations of ±5%. Designed for springs of classes I and II according to GOST 13764-86, made from wire with a diameter of 1.6 mm or more.

The second group is springs with permissible deviations for controlled forces or deformations of ±10%. Designed for springs of all classes, except three-core (coil parameters - according to GOST 13774-86).

The third group is springs with permissible deviations for controlled forces or deformations of ±20%. Designed for springs of all classes, except single-core springs of class III (coil parameters according to GOST 13775-86 and GOST 13776-86).

It is allowed to manufacture springs with uncontrolled power parameters.

1.3.2. Designations of spring parameters are specified in GOST 2.401-68 and GOST 13765-86.

For maximum deviations on spring parameters, the following conventions are established:

maximum deviation of the outer diameter of the spring...............................................? D

maximum deviation of the inner diameter of the spring...................................................? D 1

maximum deviation of wire (rod) diameter.................................................... . ? d

maximum deviation of the height of the compression spring in the free state........... ? N

maximum deviation of the height of the compression spring in the free state per one working turn...................................... ........................................................ ........................

maximum deviation of the height of the tension spring in the free state... ? N

maximum deviation of hook length................................................................. ........................ ? l

maximum deviation of the total number of turns.................................................... ............ ? P 1

maximum deviation from the perpendicularity of the end planes to the generatrix of the spring:

in fractions of height H.................................................................................................... e 1

in fractions of diameter D................................................... ....................................................e 2

unevenness of the spring pitch in the free state.................................................... e 3

1.3.3. The established accuracy groups for forces or deformations (clause 1.3.1) correspond to three accuracy groups for geometric parameters. Permissible deviations for geometric parameters must correspond to those indicated in the table. 1 - 3, and are also calculated using formulas (1) - (3).

The combination of the same accuracy group of maximum deviations for forces or deformations with maximum deviations for geometric parameters specified in table. 2 and 3 are optional. Moreover, if the first accuracy group is assigned to forces or deformations, then maximum deviations for geometric parameters can be assigned according to the second accuracy group; if the second accuracy group is assigned to forces or deformations, then maximum deviations for geometric parameters can be assigned according to the third accuracy group. In technically justified cases, maximum deviations for geometric parameters, in agreement with the manufacturer, may be assigned to higher accuracy groups than those corresponding to the assigned accuracy group for forces or deformations.

For springs with uncontrolled forces or deformations, all maximum deviations of geometric parameters are assigned according to one of three established accuracy groups.

Table 1

table 2

Values ​​of maximum deviations of outer and inner diameters, number of turns and spring height

Table 3

Note. Higher requirements than those specified for the first group can only be assigned by agreement with the manufacturer.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

1.3.4. Depending on the assigned accuracy group for forces or deformations, the material is selected in such a way that the total maximum deviations of the diameter of the wires or rods provided for in the relevant standards do not exceed the values ​​​​indicated in the table. 1.

1.3.5. The maximum deviations of the outer or inner diameters of the spring in the free state should not exceed the values ​​​​indicated in the table. 2. The simultaneous assignment of maximum deviations to the outer and inner diameters of springs is not allowed. Maximum deviations for the internal diameter are prescribed only in technically justified cases.

When using wire with bilateral deviations (±? d) maximum deviations of spring diameters (±? D or ±? D 1) are assigned in each direction in proportion to the tolerances on the wire, while the total value of the tolerance field for the spring diameter should not exceed the values ​​​​specified in table. 2. With unilateral deviation (-? d or +? d) maximum deviations of spring diameters are assigned with the sign of wire deviation (-? D or +D D).

If the drawing indicates control of the outer diameter of the spring with a control sleeve D g or internal diameter of the control rod D s, or simultaneously both types of control, then the maximum dimensions of the sleeve or rod are set taking into account the maximum deviations of the outer and inner diameters of the spring indicated in Table. 2. In this case, the inner diameter of the sleeve D g should be 2% greater than the maximum outer diameter of the spring in the free state, and the diameter of the rod D c 1% below the minimum inner diameter of the spring.

Note. The diameter of the socket in the mechanism for which the spring is intended must be no less than the diameter of the control sleeve, and the diameter of the guide rod must be no more than the diameter of the control rod.

1.3.6. The maximum deviations of the total number of turns are set in accordance with table. 2, while for class III springs (coil parameters according to GOST 13774-86 - GOST 13776-86), deviations for the total number of turns are assigned only with a minus sign.

1.3.7. The maximum deviations of the height of the compression spring in the free state are determined by the formula

(1)

The maximum deviation of the spring height per one working turn

Select according to the table. 2 with a sign opposite to that set for the maximum deviation of the wire diameter (plus, if? d with a minus sign, and, conversely, minus if D d with a plus sign).

In case of using wire with bilateral deviations (±? d) maximum deviations

Taking into account the above rules, signs are installed in each direction in proportion to the tolerances on the wire, while the total value of the tolerance field

Should not exceed the values ​​indicated in the table. 2.

In cases where permissible deviations are assigned to two or more forces or deformations, the free height of the spring is a reference size and is not subject to control.

1.3.8. Maximum deviations of the height (length) of the tension spring in the free state? N? determined by the formula

D H? =D n 1 (d + ?d) + (n 1 + 1)D d+ 2D d, (2)

Where? n 1 is selected according to table. 2.

Limit deviations of hook length D l are installed depending on the design of the hook and the requirements for the accuracy of the springs.

1.3.9. The maximum value of the height of the spring, compressed until the coils touch, is determined by the formula

(H 3) max = [ n 1 + ?n 1 + 1 - (n 3 - ?)] · ( d + ?d), (3)

Where n 3 - number of ground turns;

0.1 - for cold coil springs;

0.2 - for hot wound springs.

For three-core springs:

(H 3) max = ( n 1 + ?n 1 + 1)d tr D, (3a)

Where? n 1 is selected according to table. 2;

The cable flattening coefficient D is selected according to the table. 2 GOST 13765-86.

Note. To ensure conditions ( H 3)max< H 2, if necessary, deviation by the full number of turns is accepted only with a minus sign.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

1.3.10. The planes of the support coils of the compression spring must be located perpendicular to the generatrix of the spring.

Permissible values ​​of non-perpendicularity e 1 or e 2 (drawings 1 and 2) are indicated in table. 3.

For springs with a length of more than three diameters, it is allowed to determine the deviation from perpendicularity; indicate for part of the length of the spring, but not less than 3 D.

1.3.11. The support coils of multi-core springs (coil parameters according to GOST 13774-86), as well as single-core springs made of wire with a diameter of 0.5 mm or less, are not ground and the springs are not subject to control of deviations from perpendicularity.

Note. If there are special slots in the mechanism in the form of recesses, grooves, etc., as well as in cases where unground support turns do not interfere with the operation of the mechanism, the latter are not subjected to grinding, regardless of the size of the wire diameter.

1.3.12. The machined surfaces of the preloaded support coils of the compression springs must be flat. The gap between the reference plane and the control plate should not be more than 0.05 d.

1.3.13. Requirements for the roughness of the machined surfaces of the support turns are given in Table. 3.

1.3.14. The spring pitch must be uniform. The amount of unevenness of the step e 3 is prescribed according to the table. 3.

1.3.15. When pressing along a whole turn (Fig. 19 and 20, GOST 2.401-68), the ends of the support turns must be adjacent to the working turns. The values ​​of permissible gaps are given in table. 3.

1.3.16. When pressing 0.75 support turns, should gaps be formed? value 0.25( t - d) (drawing 21, GOST 2.401-68). The permissible gap sizes are indicated in table. 3.

1.3.17. Thickness of the end of the support turn S k of the compression spring should be approximately 0.25 d, and the arc length of the treated surface is approximately 0.75? D. It is not allowed to assign a thickness of the support coil less than 0.15 d, and the length of the processed surface is less than 0.7p D.

Note. If, according to the operating conditions of the mechanism, a preload of less than 0.75 turns is prescribed from one or both ends of the spring, and also when the spring is wound from a workpiece with drawn ends, the shape of the supporting turns, the values? S k and the length of the treated surface are determined by a special drawing.

1.4. Requirements for the manufacture of springs

1.4.1. Springs are wound in a cold state. For springs made of hardened wire with a diameter of 8 mm or more, coiling in a heated state is allowed.

Mechanical processing of the ends of the support turns and the edges of the machined surfaces is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the working drawing.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

1.4.3. Springs made of cold-drawn wire in accordance with GOST 9389-75 are subjected to low-temperature tempering only.

Springs made from hardenable steel grades are subjected to hardening and tempering, and the hardness must correspond to that indicated in the drawing based on the table. 2 GOST 13764-86. Re-hardening of springs is allowed no more than once. The number of repeated holidays is not limited.

1.4.4. Special requirements for the manufacture of springs (protective coatings, bonding after electrolytic coatings, hardening, chemical-thermal treatment, etc.), as well as various types of static and dynamic tests (short-term compression, bonding in cold or hot conditions, beating on pile drivers or stands, periodic tests, etc.) are established depending on the purpose of the springs and are indicated in the drawing, while references to documents reflecting the modes and standards of the corresponding operations are allowed.

If captivity is assigned, and the duration is not indicated in the drawing, then the latter must be at least:

for class I springs made of hardenable steel grades (coil parameters according to

GOST 13768-86 and GOST 13769-86)............................................ .................................... 6 hours

for all class II springs......................................................... ........................................... 12 h

for all springs of class III, as well as for springs of all classes after

electrolytic coatings........................................................ .................................... 24 hours

1.4.5. All springs with anti-corrosion electrolytic coatings (chrome, nickel, cadmium, zinc, etc.) must be subjected to a warm-up operation to remove hydrogen.

1.4.4, 1.4.5. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

1.4.6. When correcting springs, the following is not allowed:

a) preloading the coils of compression springs and correcting the shape of hooks of tension springs made of cold-drawn wire according to GOST 9389-75 using heating above the tempering temperature;

b) residual tension of compression springs and residual compression of tension springs without subsequent heat treatment and a full cycle of established tests;

V) mechanical restoration support coils of Class III springs after shot blasting;

d) hot compression of springs made of cold-worked wire with a heating temperature set above the tempering temperature;

e) hot compression of springs made of hardenable steel grades with a heating temperature that differs from the tempering temperature downward by less than 30 ° C;

f) adjusting the power characteristics and dimensions of springs using chemical etching;

g) re-hardening of springs made of hardenable steel grades without preliminary annealing or normalization.

1.4.7. The magnitude of residual deformations at any stage of the technological process and tests performed is not regulated.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

2. ACCEPTANCE RULES

2.1. Springs are presented for acceptance in batches. The number of springs presented for acceptance according to one document is taken as a batch.

The batch is made up of springs manufactured according to one working drawing and the same technological process. A batch of springs made from wire in accordance with GOST 9389-75 must be made from one coil of wire, and a batch of springs made from hardenable steel grades must be composed of metal from one heat.

By agreement between the consumer and the manufacturer, it is allowed to assemble springs manufactured according to the same working drawing and the same technological process, without taking into account whether they belong to the same coil of wire or to the same melt.

2.2. The number of springs to be monitored for each of the monitored parameters is established according to GOST 18242-72*. The list of controlled parameters is indicated in the technical documentation.

* In the territory Russian Federation GOST R 50779.71-99 is valid.

A positive sampling result applies to the entire lot.

If deviations in one or more parameters are detected in springs selected from a batch, continuous monitoring of these parameters is carried out.

2.3. If there are instructions in the drawing about a pile driver or bench hammer, all springs of the manufactured batch are subjected to testing.

2.1 - 2.3. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

3. CONTROL METHODS

3.1. External inspection of the springs is carried out visually. It is allowed to use a magnifying glass with five times magnification.

In cases where it is difficult to determine the nature of the detected defect, it is allowed to keep the springs in a heated bath with kerosene, oil or their mixture for 10 - 15 minutes, followed by mechanical cleaning of the springs, ensuring the identification of kerosene or oil protruding from the defects. Cleaning should be completed no later than an hour after removal from the bath, and inspection should be carried out no later than 3 hours after cleaning.

By agreement with the manufacturer, the specified control method can be replaced by the method of physical flaw detection.

Springs subjected to surface hardening and anti-corrosion coatings undergo surface quality control before and after these operations.

Note. The manufacturer is given the right to use restraint for the purpose of additional checking the quality of the springs.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

3.2. The depth of the decarbonized layer is controlled according to the GOST 1763-68 method.

3.3. Hardness control is prescribed only for springs made of hardenable steel grades and is performed on “witness” samples tied to the springs of each charge. The samples must be from the same batch of metal (melt) and have the same cross-sections as the springs.

Heat-treated samples are ground to obtain parallel planes, after which they are subjected to hardness testing with an RC rating. The number of samples for each cage is determined by the manufacturer, ensuring that the hardness of each spring corresponds to the requirements of the drawing.

For springs of classes I and II, made of wire with a diameter of 10 mm or more, as well as for springs hardened by heating under winding, it is allowed to control the hardness (Brinell) on the support coils in accordance with GOST 9012-59 in the places indicated on the working drawing.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

3.4. When checking spring diameters, the following rules must be followed:

a) the outer and inner diameters of the spring in the free state are controlled using go-through and no-go gauges.

When checking by gauges, the spring must pass freely through the passage gauge, and the passage gauge must freely pass through the cavity of the unloaded spring. The length of the working part of the caliber must be at least three times the spring pitch.

When checking the outer diameter, you can use universal measuring instruments; in this case, the outer diameter is measured in at least three places of the spring in mutually perpendicular directions;

b) the outer diameter of the spring in an extremely compressed state is checked using a control sleeve. The length of the sleeve should be 10% less than the size of the compressed spring H 3. When inspected, the spring is placed inside the sleeve and compressed until the coils touch, while the sleeve must move freely along the spring;

c) when checking the internal diameter of the spring with a control rod, the length of the latter must be at least 10% greater than the length of the spring. The control rod must pass freely through the cavity of the unloaded spring;

d) the dimensions of gauges, control sleeves and control rods must have an accuracy of at least class 5 according to OST 1219.

3.5. Free spring heights N measured in horizontal or vertical positions. The vertical position is permissible for springs whose height does not change under their own weight. If the supporting planes of the spring are not parallel, the largest measurement is taken as the height of the spring.

3.6. The total number of turns is determined by counting the whole turns and adding to them the excess portion of the turn that forms part of the circle.

3.7. The height of the spring, compressed until the coils touch, is controlled using universal measuring instruments as an independent operation or simultaneously with the measurement of force characteristics.

For height H 3, the distance between the supporting planes of the device compressing the spring is taken. In this case, adjacent turns are allowed to adjoin each other not along the entire length of the turn’s circumference.

3.8. Measuring the height (length) of a tension spring at the maximum deformation indicated in the drawing or in the technological map ( H 3 or F 3), performed with universal measuring instruments as an independent operation or simultaneously with the measurement of power characteristics.

For height H 3, the distance between the supporting surfaces of the device that stretches the spring is taken (the distance between the inner surfaces of the hooks of the loaded spring).

If the drawing does not indicate the value F 3 or H 3 , then the latter are determined depending on the working deformations or heights:

F 3 = 1,05F 2 ;

N 3 = 1,05N 2 .

3.9. Determination of deviations from the perpendicularity of the end planes of the supporting coils to the generatrices of the springs is carried out using one of the methods indicated in Fig. 1 and 2. The magnitude of the linear deviation is measured with a ruler or probe. It is allowed to monitor deviations from perpendicularity using a comparator or projector.

3.10. Deviation from flatness is monitored under a load not exceeding 0.02 P 3, but not more than 30 kg. The amount of non-contact of the plane is determined using a feeler gauge.

3.11. Determination of pitch unevenness is carried out with a universal tool on two opposite sides of the spring with at least two measurements on each side.

The amount of deflection is the difference between the maximum and minimum spring steps.

3.12. The dimensions and positions of various tension spring hook designs, if permissible deviations are established on them, are controlled in accordance with special instructions in the drawing.

3.13. The method for determining controlled forces or deformations (deflections) is as follows.

Springs of classes II and III are pre-compressed until the coils come into contact, then unloaded and loaded again sequentially to specified heights or deformations with the determination of the corresponding forces.

If heights or deformations are controlled, then after preliminary compression until the coils come into contact and subsequent unloading, they are loaded to specified forces with the determination of the corresponding heights or deformations.

Tension springs (class II) are pre-stretched to maximum deformation in accordance with clause 3.8, and then subjected to force or deformation control.

Class I springs are controlled using the specified method, however, preliminary compression until the coils of the compression springs touch or until the maximum deformation of the extension springs is not necessary.

3.14. The constraint test consists of keeping each compression spring compressed until the coils touch and each extension spring stretched to maximum deformation (clauses 3.7 and 3.8) for the time specified in the drawing or in the flow chart.

Captivity can be carried out in single and multi-seat devices.

If, due to involuntary failure, more than 10% of the batch of springs presented breaks, then the remaining springs are subjected to re-testing with double the endurance provided for in the drawing.

If at least one spring breaks during repeated testing, the batch is considered to have failed the test.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

3.15. Short-term compression consists in the fact that each compression spring is compressed until the coils come into contact (clause 3.7) from 3 to 10 times with alternating complete unloading, and each extension spring is stretched to maximum deformation (clause 3.8) from 3 to 10 times with alternating complete unloading.

3.16. The pile driver, prescribed for the purpose of additional stabilization of the dimensions of the third class springs, consists of applying the number of blows indicated in the drawing from each end of the spring.

The drawing must indicate:

a) the mass of the falling load and the height of its release;

b) the mass of the mediator (rod), which absorbs the impacts of the falling load and compresses the spring under test;

c) height dimensions corresponding to preliminary and working deformation during testing.

The hardness of the impacting surfaces of the mediator and the falling load should be within 42 ... 47 HRC e.

If more than 10% of the springs in the presented batch break during the coping tests, all springs are subjected to an additional double number of blows. If at least one spring breaks during repeated testing, the batch is considered to have failed the test.

3.17. Bench hammering, prescribed for the purpose of additional stabilization of the dimensions of Class III springs, consists of performing the number of loads indicated in the drawing according to the given law of motion of the moving end of the spring.

If during testing more than 10% of the springs in the presented batch break, the tests are repeated with twice the number of load cycles. If at least one spring breaks during repeated testing, the batch is considered to have failed the test.

3.18. Periodic control tests, if established, consist of testing the springs until failure or up to a specified number of loading cycles characterizing the required endurance. Tests are performed on a pile driver or stand under specified loading conditions.

The drawing or other documentation approved in accordance with the established procedure must indicate:

a) calendar frequency of tests and the procedure for completing samples of springs participating in each test;

b) height dimensions corresponding to the preliminary and working deformation of the spring during testing;

c) information about the law of loading or unloading of a spring (harmonic law, shock loading, loading along a given curve of changing the speed of movement of the moving end of a spring, harmonic loading with free unloading and impact of a moving link of a given mass at the end of unloading, etc.);

d) frequency and required number of cycles during testing;

e) information provided in clause 3.16, if control tests are performed on a pile driver;

f) the scope and procedure for monitoring springs during testing;

and) (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

It is allowed to perform control tests directly in full-scale products or in their components. In these cases, the information listed in subparagraphs A - d, are not reflected in drawings or other documentation.

3.16 - 3.18. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

4. LABELING, PACKAGING, TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

4.1. Labeling requirements are established depending on the purpose and production conditions of the springs. The required marking methods are indicated in the working drawing.

4.2. Springs made from wire with a diameter of more than 5 mm may be marked electrographically on one or both support turns.

4.3. For springs of classes I and II, made from rods with a diameter of 16 mm or more, it is allowed to apply markings mechanically on one or both support coils using digital and letter stamps in accordance with GOST 25726-83, GOST 25727-83.

4.4. For springs on which marking is impossible or impractical, the marking is applied to tags firmly attached to the spring or to the packaging area, or in another way as agreed between the consumer and the manufacturer.

4.1 - 4.4. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.5. The marking includes the following information:

a) trademark of the manufacturer;

b) month and year of issue;

c) serial number of the spring (batch).

By agreement between the customer and the manufacturer, changes may be made to the specified marking, as well as other necessary information may be included.

4.6. For each batch of springs that have passed the tests and are found suitable, the manufacturer of the product draws up a passport that includes the following information:

a) the name of the organization in whose system the manufacturer is included;

b) trademark of the manufacturer and its address;

c) drawing number or symbol of the springs;

d) steel grade for springs made from hardenable steel grades;

e) the number of springs in the batch;

f) results of inspections and tests;

g) stamp or signature of the Quality Control Department on acceptance of the springs;

h) number of this standard.

By agreement between the customer and the manufacturer, other necessary information can be included in the passport.

4.7. During storage and transportation, finished springs are protected from corrosion in accordance with the requirements of GOST 9.014-78.

4.8. During transportation, springs are packaged in containers, the types and capacities of which are established by agreement between the consumer and the manufacturer. Packaging and stowage of springs must ensure their protection from mechanical damage.

4.9. Marking of transport containers must be carried out in accordance with GOST 14192-96.

4.10. The container must be accompanied by an accompanying document indicating:

name or trademark of the manufacturer and its address;

symbol of the spring or drawing number of the spring;

packaging weight (gross and net);

conservation dates.

4.8 - 4.10. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.11. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

4.12. Transportation of packaged springs is carried out by all types of transport in covered vehicles in compliance with the rules for transporting goods established for each type of transport.

4.13. When transporting packaged springs, packaging of boxes is allowed in compliance with the rules for the transportation of goods approved by the relevant departments.

4.14. Storage conditions for springs are in accordance with the requirements of GOST 15150-69.

4.12 - 4.14. (Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 1).

GOST 16118-70

Group G11

STATE STANDARD OF THE USSR UNION

HELICAL CYLINDRICAL COMPRESSION AND EXTENSION SPRINGS
ROUND STEEL

Specifications

Cylindrical helical compression (extension) springs made of round steel.
Specifications

Date of introduction 1971-04-01

ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Resolution of the Committee of Standards, Measures and Measuring Instruments under the Council of Ministers of the USSR dated June 22, 1970 N 941

VERIFIED in 1984. By Decree of the State Standard of 05.18.84 N 1679, the validity period is limited to 01.01.90*
________________
* The validity period was removed by Decree of the State Standard of Russia dated July 17, 1991 N 1046 (IUS N 10, 1991). - Note.

REISSUE (February 1985) with Change No. 1, approved in May 1984 (IUS No. 8-84).

This standard applies to helical cylindrical compression and tension springs made of round steel that meet the requirements of GOST 13764-68 - GOST 13776-68, GOST 2.401-68.

The standard does not apply to springs intended for operation at elevated temperatures, as well as in aggressive and other environments that require the use of special materials.

1. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

1.1. Springs must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard according to technical documentation approved in the prescribed manner.

1.2. Requirements for materials and surface of springs

1.2.1. Materials must have certificates from the manufacturer certifying that the quality of the material meets the requirements established in the standards. Regardless of the availability of a certificate, calibration control of materials is allowed in the scope and manner established by agreement between the customer and the manufacturer.

1.2.2. Dirt, traces of salt, lead, grease, etc. are not allowed on the surface of finished springs. Cleaning springs by etching is not permitted.

1.2.3. Cracks, hairlines, shells, delaminations, sunsets, films, rust, scale, traces of corrosion by lead and salts, electrical burns, as well as local twisting of the wire are not allowed on the surface of the coils of springs.

Springs with twisted wires are not allowed for subsequent operations. The remaining listed defects can be eliminated by gentle stripping. For class I springs, the minimum cross-sectional size of the wire (rod) at the stripping site should not exceed the minimum size according to the material assortment.

For class II and III springs, the stripping depth should not exceed half the material tolerance range, based on the actual size. In this case, the actual size of the coil section may be less than the minimum size according to the assortment for the material within the following limits:

A) for springs made of cold-drawn or calibrated wire up to 0.5 tolerance zones for the material;

B) for springs made of hot-rolled material up to 0.25 tolerance zones.

Sharp transitions are not allowed in stripping areas. The roughness parameter of the cleaned surface according to GOST 2789-73 should be no more than 20 microns.

Note. For springs subject to bonding as required by the drawing, the defects are cleaned up before the bonding operation.

1.2.4. Small nicks, depressions from fallen scale, wrinkles, individual scratches and marks, as well as marks from winding mandrels, rollers and tools are allowed without cleaning, if the listed defects extend no deeper than half the tolerance range for the diameter of the wire (rod).

The depth of the defect can be determined using control cleaning in accordance with clause 1.2.3.

1.2.2-1.2.4.

1.2.5. For hot-stuffed springs, ovality (flattening) of the wire cross-section is allowed; the difference between the largest and smallest cross-sectional dimensions should not exceed the tolerance field for the diameter of the rod. In this case, the actual smallest size of the coil section may be less than the minimum size of the rod by 0.25 of the tolerance field.

1.2.6. At the request of the customer or if there are instructions in the drawing, the springs are subjected to control of the depth of the decarburized layer, the total depth of which for springs made of hardenable steel grades should not exceed that specified in the relevant material standards by more than 25%. For springs that are not subject to hardening, the total depth of the decarburized layer must comply with the standard for the wire from which the spring is made.

1.3. Requirements for parameters and sizes of springs

1.3.1. The standard establishes three groups of spring accuracy according to forces or deformations (deflections)

The first group is springs with permissible deviations for controlled forces or deformations of ±5%. Designed for class I and II springs according to GOST 13764-68, made from wire with a diameter of 1.6 mm or more.

The second group is springs with permissible deviations for controlled forces or deformations of ±10%. Designed for springs of all classes, except three-core (coil parameters - according to GOST 13774-68).

The third group is springs with permissible deviations for controlled forces or deformations of ±20%. Designed for springs of all classes, except single-core springs of class III (coil parameters according to GOST 13775-68 and GOST 13776-68).

It is allowed to manufacture springs with uncontrolled power parameters.

1.3.2. Designations of spring parameters are specified in GOST 2.401-68 and GOST 13765-68.

For maximum deviations on spring parameters, the following conventions are established:

1.3.3. The established accuracy groups for forces or deformations (clause 1.3.1) correspond to three accuracy groups for geometric parameters. Permissible deviations for geometric parameters must correspond to those indicated in Tables 1-3, and are also calculated using formulas (1-3).

Table 1

table 2

Values ​​of maximum deviations of outer and inner diameters, number of turns
and spring height

Continuation of Table 2

Table 3

1.4.5. All springs with anti-corrosion electrolytic coatings (chrome, nickel, cadmium, zinc, etc.) must be subjected to a warm-up operation to remove hydrogen.

1.4.4, 1.4.5. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

1.4.6. When correcting springs, the following is not allowed:

A) prestressing the coils of compression springs and correcting the shape of hooks of tension springs made of cold-drawn wire according to GOST 9389-75 using heating above the tempering temperature;

B) residual tension of compression springs and residual compression of tension springs without subsequent heat treatment and a full cycle of established tests;

B) mechanical processing of the support coils of class III springs after shot blasting;

D) hot compression of springs made of cold-worked wire with a heating temperature set above the tempering temperature;

E) hot compression of springs made of hardenable steel grades with a heating temperature that differs from the tempering temperature downward by less than 30 °;

E) adjusting the power characteristics and dimensions of springs using chemical etching;

G) re-hardening of springs made of hardenable steel grades without preliminary annealing or normalization.

1.4.7. The magnitude of residual deformations at any stage of the technological process and tests performed is not regulated.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

2. ACCEPTANCE RULES

2.1. Springs are presented for acceptance in batches. The number of springs presented for acceptance according to one document is taken as a batch.

The batch is made up of springs manufactured according to the same working drawing and the same technological process. A batch of springs made from wire in accordance with GOST 9389-75 must be made from one coil of wire, and a batch of springs made from hardenable steel grades must be composed of metal from one heat.

By agreement between the consumer and the manufacturer, it is allowed to assemble springs manufactured according to the same working drawing and the same technological process, without taking into account whether they belong to the same coil of wire or to the same melt.

2.2. The number of springs to be monitored for each of the monitored parameters is established in accordance with GOST 18242-72. The list of controlled parameters is indicated in the technical documentation.

A positive sampling result applies to the entire lot.

If deviations in one or more parameters are detected in springs selected from a batch, carry out continuous monitoring of these parameters.

2.3. If there are instructions in the drawing about a pile driver or bench hammer, the springs of the manufactured batch are subjected to testing.

2.1-2.3. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

3. CONTROL METHODS

3.1. External inspection of the springs is carried out visually. It is allowed to use a magnifying glass with five times magnification.

In cases where it is difficult to determine the nature of the detected defect, it is allowed to keep the springs in a heated bath with kerosene, oil or their mixture for 10-15 minutes, followed by mechanical cleaning of the springs, ensuring the identification of kerosene or oil protruding from the defects. Cleaning should be completed no later than an hour after removal from the bath, and inspection should be carried out no later than 3 hours after cleaning.

By agreement with the manufacturer, the specified control method can be replaced by the method of physical flaw detection.

Springs subjected to surface hardening and anti-corrosion coatings undergo surface quality control before and after these operations.

Note. The manufacturer is given the right to use restraint for the purpose of additional checking the quality of the springs.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

3.2. The depth of the decarbonized layer is controlled according to the GOST 1763-68 method.

3.3. Hardness control is prescribed only for springs made of hardenable steel grades and is performed on “witness” samples tied to the springs of each charge. The samples must be from the same batch of metal (melt) and have the same cross-sections as the springs.

Heat-treated samples are ground to obtain parallel planes, after which they are subjected to hardness testing with an RC rating. The number of samples for each cage is determined by the manufacturer, ensuring that the hardness of each spring corresponds to the requirements of the drawing.

For springs of classes I and II, made of wire with a diameter of 10 mm or more, as well as for springs hardened by heating under winding, it is allowed to control the hardness (Brinell) on the support coils in accordance with GOST 9012-59 in the places indicated on the working drawing.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

3.4. When checking spring diameters, the following rules must be followed:

A) the outer and inner diameters of the spring in the free state are controlled using go-through and no-go gauges.

When checking by gauges, the spring must pass freely through the passage gauge, and the passage gauge must freely pass through the cavity of the unloaded spring. The length of the working part of the caliber must be at least three times the spring pitch.

When checking the outer diameter, you can use universal measuring instruments; in this case, the outer diameter is measured in at least three places of the spring in mutually perpendicular directions;

B) the outer diameter of the spring in an extremely compressed state is checked using a control sleeve. The length of the sleeve should be 10% less than the size of the compressed spring. When inspected, the spring is placed inside the sleeve and compressed until the coils touch, while the sleeve must move freely along the spring;

C) when checking the internal diameter of the spring with a control rod, the length of the latter must be at least 10% greater than the length of the spring. The control rod must pass freely through the cavity of the unloaded spring;

D) the dimensions of gauges, control sleeves and control rods must have an accuracy of at least class 5 according to OST 1219.

3.5. Free heights of springs are measured in horizontal or vertical positions. The vertical position is permissible for springs whose height does not change under their own weight. If the supporting planes of the spring are not parallel, the largest measurement is taken as the height of the spring.

3.6. The total number of turns is determined by counting the whole turns and adding to them the excess portion of the turn that forms part of the circle.

3.7. The height of the spring, compressed until the coils touch, is controlled using universal measuring instruments as an independent operation or simultaneously with the measurement of force characteristics.

The height is taken to be the distance between the supporting planes of the device compressing the spring. In this case, adjacent turns are allowed to adjoin each other not along the entire length of the turn’s circumference.

3.8. Measuring the height (length) of the tension spring at the maximum deformation indicated in the drawing or in the technological map ( or ) is carried out using universal measuring instruments as an independent operation or simultaneously with measuring the force characteristics.

The height is taken to be the distance between the supporting surfaces of the device that stretches the spring (the distance between the inner surfaces of the hooks of the loaded spring).

If the drawing does not indicate the value or, then the latter are determined depending on the working deformations or heights

3.9. Determination of deviations from the perpendicularity of the end planes of the supporting coils to the generatrices of the springs is carried out using one of the methods indicated in Figures 1 and 2. The magnitude of the linear deviation is measured with a ruler or feeler gauge. It is allowed to monitor deviations from perpendicularity using a comparator or projector.

3.10. Deviation from flatness is monitored under a load not exceeding 0.02, but not more than 30 kg. The amount of non-contact of the plane is determined using a feeler gauge.

3.11. Determination of pitch unevenness is carried out with a universal tool on two opposite sides of the spring with at least two measurements on each side.

The amount of deflection is the difference between the maximum and minimum spring steps.

3.12. The dimensions and positions of various tension spring hook designs, if permissible deviations are established on them, are controlled in accordance with special instructions in the drawing.

3.13. The method for determining controlled forces or deformations (deflections) is as follows.

Springs of classes II and III are pre-compressed until the coils come into contact, then unloaded and loaded again sequentially to specified heights or deformations with the determination of the corresponding forces.

If heights or deformations are controlled, then after preliminary compression until the coils come into contact and subsequent unloading, they are loaded to specified forces with the determination of the corresponding heights or deformations.

Tension springs (class II) are pre-stretched to maximum deformation in accordance with clause 3.8, and then subjected to force or deformation control.

Class I springs are controlled using the specified method, however, preliminary compression until the coils of the compression springs touch or until the maximum deformation of the extension springs is not necessary.

3.14. The constraint test consists of keeping each compression spring compressed until the coils touch and each extension spring stretched to maximum deformation (clauses 3.7 and 3.8) for the time specified in the drawing or in the flow chart.

Captivity can be carried out in single and multi-seat devices.

If, due to neglect, more than 10% of the batch of presented springs breaks, then the remaining springs are subjected to re-testing with double the endurance provided for in the drawing.

If at least one spring breaks during repeated testing, the batch is considered to have failed the test.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

3.15. Short-term compression consists in the fact that each compression spring is compressed until the coils come into contact (clause 3.7) from 3 to 10 times with alternating complete unloading, and each extension spring is stretched to maximum deformation (clause 3.8) from 3 to 10 times with alternating complete unloading.

3.16. The pile driver, prescribed for the purpose of additional stabilization of the dimensions of the third class springs, consists of applying the number of blows indicated in the drawing from each end of the spring.

The drawing must indicate:

A) the mass of the falling load and the height of its release;

B) the mass of the mediator (rod), which absorbs the impacts of the falling load and compresses the spring under test;

C) height dimensions corresponding to preliminary and working deformation during testing.

The hardness of the impacting surfaces of the mediator and the falling load must be within the range of HRC42 ... 47.

If more than 10% of the springs of the presented batch break during the coping tests, all springs are subjected to an additional double number of blows. If at least one spring breaks during repeated testing, the batch is considered to have failed the test.

3.17. Bench hammering, prescribed for the purpose of additional stabilization of the dimensions of Class III springs, consists of performing the number of loads indicated in the drawing according to the given law of motion of the moving end of the spring.

If during testing more than 10% of the springs in the presented batch break, the tests are repeated with twice the number of load cycles. If at least one spring breaks during repeated testing, the batch is considered to have failed the test.

3.18. Periodic control tests, if established, consist of testing the springs until failure or up to a specified number of loading cycles characterizing the required endurance. Tests are performed on a pile driver or stand under specified loading conditions.

The drawing or other documentation approved in accordance with the established procedure must indicate:

A) calendar frequency of tests and the procedure for completing samples of springs participating in each test;

B) height dimensions corresponding to the preliminary and working deformation of the spring during testing;

C) information about the law of loading or unloading of a spring (harmonic law, shock loading, loading along a given curve of changing the speed of movement of the moving end of a spring, harmonic loading with free unloading and impact of a moving link of a given mass at the end of unloading, etc.);

D) frequency and required number of cycles during testing;

E) information provided in clause 3.16, if control tests are performed on a pile driver;

E) volume and procedure for monitoring springs during testing;

G) (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

It is allowed to perform control tests directly in full-scale products or in their components. In these cases, the information listed in subparagraphs a-d is not reflected in the drawings or other documentation.

3.16-3.18. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

4. LABELING, PACKAGING, TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

4.1. Labeling requirements are established depending on the purpose and production conditions of the springs. The required marking methods are indicated in the working drawing.

4.2. Springs made of wire with a diameter of more than 5 mm may be marked electrographically on one or both support turns.

4.3. For springs of classes I and II, made from rods with a diameter of 16 mm or more, it is allowed to apply markings mechanically on one or both support coils using digital and letter stamps in accordance with GOST 25726-83, GOST 25727-83.

4.4. For springs on which marking is impossible or impractical, the marking is applied to tags firmly attached to the spring or to the packaging area, or in another way as agreed between the consumer and the manufacturer.

4.1-4.4. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.5. The marking includes the following information:

A) trademark of the manufacturer;

B) month and year of issue;

B) serial number of the spring (batch).

By agreement between the customer and the manufacturer, changes may be made to the specified marking, as well as other necessary information may be included.

4.6. For each batch of springs that have passed the tests and are found suitable, the manufacturer of the product draws up a passport that includes the following information:

A) the name of the organization in whose system the manufacturer is included;

B) trademark of the manufacturer and its address;

B) drawing number or symbol of the springs;

D) steel grade for springs made from hardenable steel grades;

D) the number of springs in the batch;

E) results of inspections and tests;

G) stamp or signature of the quality control department on acceptance of springs;

H) number of this standard.

By agreement between the customer and the manufacturer, other necessary information can be included in the passport.

4.7. During storage and transportation, finished springs are protected from corrosion in accordance with the requirements of GOST 9.014-78.

4.8. During transportation, springs are packaged in containers, the types and capacities of which are established by agreement between the consumer and the manufacturer. Packaging and stowage of springs must ensure their protection from mechanical damage.

4.9. Marking of transport containers must be carried out in accordance with GOST 14192-77.

4.10. The container must be accompanied by an accompanying document indicating:

Name or trademark of the manufacturer and its address;

Spring symbol or spring drawing number;

Packaging masses (gross and net);

Preservation dates.

4.8-4.10. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.11. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

4.12. Transportation of packaged springs is carried out by all types of transport in covered vehicles in compliance with the rules for transporting goods established for each type of transport.

4.13. When transporting packaged springs, packaging of boxes is allowed in compliance with the requirements of GOST 21929-76.

4.14. Storage conditions for springs in accordance with the requirements of GOST 15150-69.

4.12-4.14. (Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 1).

The text of the document is verified according to:
official publication
M.: Standards Publishing House, 1985