What applies to technical premises? Basements of an apartment building: legal regime. Laws on non-residential premises

Case 1 - electrical panel in an industrial building.
For determining functional purpose electrical switchboard room, it is most logical to use the concepts from the “All-Russian Classifier of Fixed Assets (OKOF) OK 013-94” and determine that the functional purpose of the electrical switchboard room is to create the conditions necessary for the production process by performing technical functions, not related to changes in the subject of labor, or for the implementation of various non-productive functions in the building.
a) The electrical switchboard room is not industrial in its functional purpose.
Rationale:
-GOST 14.004-83 Technological preparation of production. Terms and Definitions.
clause 43. Manufacturing process- the totality of all actions of people and tools necessary for this enterprise for the manufacture and repair of products.
clause 13. A production site is a group of workplaces organized according to the following principles: subject-related technological or subject-technological.
-Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language: Production - production, processing, execution, creation, making, production, release, execution, implementation.
-Glossary of terms: Production is the process of converting resources into finished products. In the production process, means of production are used.
-Glossary of terms: Production is the process of creating products (products and services) regulated by people.
-Ushakov’s Dictionary: Production is the work of directly producing products.
-Construction Dictionary: “Industrial premises are enclosed spaces in specially designed buildings and structures in which people’s labor activities are carried out constantly (in shifts) or periodically (during the working day) associated with participation in various types of production, in organizations, control and management of production, as well as participation in non-productive types of labor at transport, communications, etc. enterprises.”
b) In an industrial building, the electrical room is an auxiliary room in relation to the main production.
Rationale: Construction dictionary: In an industrial building, the premises in relation to the main production are divided into:
- production (workshops, main production buildings);
- auxiliary (workshops, warehouses, laboratories, transformer substations, electrical switchboards);
-servicing (administrative, household, parking lots, boiler rooms);
c) The electrical switchboard room may be classified as a special structure
Rationale:
SP5-13130-2009, Appendix M, table. M1, item 2. Special facilities: 2.1. Premises for laying cables, for transformers and distribution devices, electrical panels.
Conclusion: In an industrial building, the electrical panel room, according to its functional purpose, is an auxiliary room in relation to the main production (special structure).

2nd case - electrical panel in a civil (residential, non-residential, public) building.
d) The electrical switchboard room may refer to the premises for placement engineering equipment building
Rationale:
-SP4, clause 3.16 and SNiP 31-03-2001: “Engineering equipment of a building is a system of instruments, apparatus, machines and communications that ensures the supply and removal of liquids, gases, electricity (plumbing, gas, heating, electrical, sewer, ventilation equipment, etc.)".
e) The electrical switchboard room may refer to the technical rooms of the building
Rationale:
-GOST R 51303-99 "Trade. Terms and definitions": clause 47 - store technical room: Part of the store premises intended to accommodate technical services and/or perform maintenance work on workplaces, trade, technological and mechanical equipment. Note - The technical premises of the store include ventilation chambers, machine rooms for elevators and refrigeration units, an electrical panel room, a boiler room, a heating unit, an air conditioning chamber, a radio unit, telephone switchboards, and a stronghold for an automated control system.
Conclusion: B civil building The electrical switchboard room according to its functional purpose is a technical room for housing the building's engineering equipment.

2) FUNCTIONAL FIRE HAZARD CLASS.
a) Read the Law - TROTPB.
Article 2. clause 12) FPO class of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments - classification characteristics of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments, determined ... by purpose and ..., including the features of implementation in the specified buildings, structures, buildings and fire compartments technological processes production.
Chapter 9 Fire technical classification buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments
Article 32. Classification of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments by functional fire danger
clause 1 Buildings (structures, structures, fire compartments and parts of buildings, structures, structures - premises or groups of premises functionally interconnected) ... according to the class of functional fire hazard, depending on their purpose ... are divided into:
Analysis: it is obvious that in Article 2, in the title of Chapter 9 and the title of Article 32, only buildings, structures and fire compartments are mentioned, and only in paragraph 1 do premises also appear, which, along with functionally interconnected groups of premises, can constitute part of the building, but not necessarily fire compartments. But parts of buildings are not classified by definition. In addition, in a fire compartment the premises are not necessarily functionally strictly connected with each other - this clarification in paragraph 1 is not clear.
Apparently, in order to harmonize clause 1 with article 2, the title of chapter 9 and the title of clause 32, it would be more correct to read this clause as follows:
clause 1 Buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments (rooms or groups of rooms, functionally interconnected and satisfying the concept of a fire compartment), ... according to the class of functional fire hazard, depending on their purpose ... are divided into:
Or even simpler:
clause 1 Buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments (see clause 27 of article 2), ... according to the class of functional fire hazard, depending on their purpose ... are divided into:
b) To clarify this incomprehensibility in the TROTPB, one could have used it earlier current SNiP 01/21/97, but only if its provisions do not contradict TROPPB. But the clauses of the regulations have been completely revised in comparison with SNiP.
Conclusion: separately allocated premises, which independently or as part of a group of functionally interconnected premises do not constitute a fire compartment, are not subject to classification according to FPO!

3) CATEGORY FOR FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD.
a) Read the Law - TROTPB.
Article 27. Determination of the category of buildings, structures, structures and premises according to civil and industrial safety
1. By fire and explosion hazard Industrial and warehouse premises, regardless of their functional purpose, are divided into the following categories:
2. Buildings, structures, structures and premises for other purposes are not subject to division into categories.
Analysis: TROTPB requires categorizing production premises regardless of their functional purpose.
Conclusion: the electrical panel room is not a production room, and therefore is not classified according to the Civil and Industrial Institutions!
b) Read SP12..
1.1 This SP... establishes methods for determining the classification criteria for classifying...premises...for industrial and warehouse purposes of class F5 to categories according to VP&PO.
Analysis: SP12, unlike TRoTPB, requires categorizing only production premises that belong to the FPO F.5 class.

THE CONCLUSION IS FINAL: the electrical panel room is not a production room, moreover, it does not have a FPO class, which means it is not categorized according to P&VPO!

Here are my reasons.
Please submit yours.
It can be short and without linguistic analysis.

The main features are as follows:

Classification by type of permitted use

Non-residential premises can be used for any activity. If we take into account all types of permitted use, then all premises are divided into the following types:

Auxiliary and main

Reference! An auxiliary object is considered to be an object used for operation or consumer services (lobby, storage room, staircase, corridor).

The main premises are those in which functional processes are carried out. This includes premises, auditoriums and classes in government institutions, offices, chambers. There are also rooms here common use, namely, cinemas, theaters, halls in museums, clubs, assembly and reading rooms, administrative institutions, trading floors.

How is the division by purpose carried out?

Under intended purpose refers to the activities for which a particular premises can be used. Based on this criterion, premises are classified into:

Functional purpose of the room - availability design features And technical characteristics, which allow it to be used as independent object. The classification could be like this:

• Basic.
• Technical.
• Communication.
• Auxiliary.
• Attendants.

Conclusion

In conclusion, it is worth noting that there are a lot of non-residential premises that can be used for different purposes. Their size is also very different. Such objects can be purchased for management own business or for industrial use. They can also be rented by concluding an agreement with the owner. It is important to choose the right type of premises and make sure that it meets your needs and has everything necessary for non-residential use.

Article 32. Classification of buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments according to functional fire hazard
1. Buildings (structures, structures, fire compartments and parts of buildings, structures, structures - premises or groups of premises functionally interconnected) according to the class of functional fire hazard depending on their purpose, as well as on the age, physical condition and number of people, located in a building, structure, structure, the possibility of them being in a state of sleep is divided into:
1) F1 - buildings intended for permanent residence and temporary stay of people, including:
a) F1.1 - preschool buildings educational institutions, specialized homes for the elderly and disabled (non-residential), hospitals, dormitories of residential educational institutions and children's institutions;
b) F1.2 - hotels, hostels, dormitories of sanatoriums and rest homes general type, campsites, motels and boarding houses;
c) F1.3 - multi-apartment residential buildings;
d) F1.4 - single-apartment residential buildings, including blocked ones;
2) F2 - buildings of entertainment and cultural and educational institutions, including:
a) F2.1 - theaters, cinemas, concert halls, clubs, circuses, athletic facilities with stands, libraries and other institutions with an estimated number of seats for visitors in enclosed spaces;
b) F2.2 - museums, exhibitions, dance halls and other similar institutions in enclosed spaces;
c) F2.3 - buildings of institutions specified in subparagraph "a" of this paragraph, in the open air;
d) F2.4 - buildings of institutions specified in subparagraph "b" of this paragraph, in the open air;
3) F3 - buildings of public service organizations, including:
a) F3.1 - buildings of trade organizations;
b) F3.2 - buildings of organizations Catering;
c) F3.3 - train stations;
d) F3.4 - clinics and outpatient clinics;
e) F3.5 - premises for visitors of consumer and public service organizations with an unreasonable number of seats for visitors;
f) F3.6 - physical education and health complexes and sports training institutions with premises without stands for spectators, household premises, baths;
4) F4 - buildings of scientific and educational institutions, scientific and design organizations, governing bodies of institutions, including:
a) F4.1 - buildings educational institutions, educational institutions additional education children, educational institutions of primary vocational and secondary vocational education;
b) F4.2 - buildings of educational institutions of higher professional education and additional professional education (advanced training) of specialists;
c) F4.3 - buildings of governing bodies of institutions, design and engineering organizations, information and editorial and publishing organizations, scientific organizations, banks, offices, offices;
d) F4.4 - fire station buildings;
5) F5 - buildings for industrial or warehouse purposes, including:
a) F5.1 - industrial buildings, structures, buildings, production and laboratory premises, workshops;
6) F5.2 - warehouse buildings, structures, structures, parking lots for cars without maintenance and repair, book depositories, archives, warehouses;
c) F5.3 - buildings for agricultural purposes.
2. The rules for classifying buildings, structures, structures and fire compartments into classes of structural fire hazard are determined in regulatory documents on fire safety.

The list of buildings belonging to one or another functional fire hazard class cannot be exhaustive. but the landmark is marked. There are no rooms with electrical panels on this list; there are no rooms at all. but only buildings. However, premises of a different class can be built into a building of any class. Electrical rooms are closest to F5.1, right? But the cleaner’s room, which designers often call a storage room for cleaning equipment, is difficult to classify as a production or storage room. But calling this room a pantry, the same root as a warehouse, they themselves dug a hole for themselves. In my opinion, warehouse and pantry are not synonymous, but not everyone understands this. Therefore, the cleaning lady’s room should not be called a pantry. then you won’t have to categorize it.

ROOM TECHNICAL room intended to accommodate the building's engineering equipment

(Bulgarian language; Български) - technical room

(Czech language; Čeština) - prostor technikého vybavení; místnost technického vybavení; technický prostor

(German; Deutsch) - technischer Raum

(Hungarian; Magyar) - műszaki helyiseg

(Mongolian) - technical buy

(Polish language; Polska) - pomieszczenie techniczne

(Romanian language; Român) - technical information

(Serbo-Croatian language; Srpski jezik; Hrvatski jezik) - tehnička prostorija

(Spanish; Español) - local technical

(English language; English) - engineering and utility services room

(French; Français) - local installations techniques

Construction dictionary.

See what “TECHNICAL ROOMS” is in other dictionaries:

technical room- A room intended to house the building’s engineering equipment [ Terminological dictionary on construction in 12 languages ​​(VNIIIS Gosstroy USSR)] Topics of buildings, structures, premises EN building mechanical roomengineering and utility… …

technical room of the store- Part of the store premises intended to accommodate technical services and/or perform maintenance work on workplaces, trade, technological and mechanical equipment. Note Included in the technical room... ... Technical Translator's Guide

Technical store premises- 47 TECHNICAL ROOMS OF THE STORE: Part of the store premises intended for housing technical services and/or performing maintenance work on workplaces, trade, technological and mechanical equipment... Source:... ... Official terminology

Residential fee- The rental fee is paid by the tenant to the landlord and includes payment for the use of residential premises belonging to the state and municipal housing funds. Housing fees and public utilities for a residential tenant... ... Housing Encyclopedia

Use and maintenance of devices- 9.6. Use and Maintenance devices: 9.6.1. Availability: design and operational documentation on the radiation source (on the work room and apparatus) and the program for its decommissioning (GOST 23154 78, p.... ...

OWNERSHIP OF RESIDENTIAL PREMISES- totality property rights for residential premises. A citizen who owns a residential property can use it for personal residence and residence of members of his family, as well as rent it out for living on the basis of a contract. Owners of apartments in... ... Large economic dictionary

This term has other meanings, see Ladder. Drain (English: drain box, German: Regenwasserablauf) sanitary element technical equipment buildings. It is a water intake device various designs. As a rule... ... Wikipedia

I Disinfection (French prefix dés destruction, removal + Infection is a set of measures aimed at destroying environment pathogens of infectious diseases. Included in the complex of anti-epidemic and sanitary preventive measures... ... Medical encyclopedia

RD 25.03.001-2002: Security and safety systems for facilities. Terms and Definitions- Terminology RD 25.03.001 2002: Security and safety systems for facilities. Terms and definitions: 2.36.8 emergency lighting (at a protected facility): Operating in the event of an emergency at the facility only at the moment the main lighting is turned off, allowing... ... Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation

system- 4.48 system: A combination of interacting elements organized to achieve one or more specified goals. Note 1 A system can be considered as a product or the services it provides. Note 2 In practice... ... Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation

Technical rooms are a special group. They cannot always be located in a single block, since, as a rule, they serve as auxiliary premises serving other groups of premises. Therefore, when placing them on the building plan, the requirement for convenient access to them and the presence of independent entrances from production corridors or from the economic zone of the enterprise must be met. Design Technical buildings in the ground, basement and other floors of the building.

Engine room of refrigeration chambers placed in close proximity to refrigeration chambers with access to the outside or into the production corridor. The width of the passages in the engine room must have the following values ​​(m): the main passage and the passage from the electrical panel to the protruding parts of the refrigeration machine - at least 1.5; between protruding parts of machines - at least 1; between smooth wall and cars - no less than 0.8.

In enterprises low power There is no need to provide a special engine room for installing a refrigeration unit. It is prohibited to place refrigeration units on stairs or staircase landings, under the stairs, in close proximity to entrance doors buildings, in elevator machine rooms and in the lobby. It is also not allowed to place refrigeration units in thermal locks (vestibules), refrigeration chambers and in refrigerator corridors.

Ventilation unit removes excess heat, moisture and harmful gases released from the premises of enterprises located on different floors. In this regard, supply and exhaust ventilation systems are provided in the production premises of public catering establishments. ventilation units, which are separate systems located on different floors.

Ventilation chambers and the heating point is located near the outer walls of the building.

Mechanical repair workshops perform Maintenance technological, lifting and transport, power equipment, carry out repairs of equipment and containers, sharpening knives and straightening saws, manufacturing various types hand tools to facilitate the work of enterprise employees.

Air conditioning chamber placed next to the heating point (the coolant is superheated water from the heating network) and in convenient connection with the refrigeration unit (the coolant is chilled water). The area of ​​the inlet chamber is incomplete comfortable air conditioning air together with the engine room refrigeration unit when designing, it is taken equal to 0.4 - 0.45 m 2 per place.

Electrical control room It is advisable to locate it near external walls and in close proximity to production premises with the highest installed capacity of the equipment. Electrical switchboards are placed above the level groundwater, and in areas prone to flooding - above the flood level. It is not allowed to locate electrical panels under sinks, toilets, showers, hot water and other production premises where there are sinks and drains.

At procurement enterprises, electrical switchboards must be separated from premises for other purposes. fire partitions and floors. Supply lines to refrigeration or freezing distribution points food products installations must be independent.

Distribution points, cabinets and shields should be located outside the premises for punching out bags, washing, refrigerated chambers, pantries and warehouses for potatoes and vegetables.

Distribution points, cabinets and panels are placed in corridors, recessed in niches made of fireproof structures. Their installation in meat, fish, vegetable, confectionery and culinary shops is allowed only in metal cabinets with seal.

Electrical room doors must be at least 0.75 m wide and open outward.

Charging station, transformer substation, the pumping station is located in the courtyard of the procurement enterprise in a separate building attached to the building of the procurement enterprise, in the basement, ground floor or first floor.

In the group of technical premises of canteens with 150 seats or more and restaurants, it is necessary to provide a room for a mechanic with an area of ​​6 m2.