For a basic electromagnetic motor you need an AA battery, two paper clips, an enameled wire with a diameter of 0.5 mm, glue or tape, plasticine for attaching the structure to the table, a small magnet, which should not be too large and not too small. The size of the magnet should be approximately the diameter of the coil. Buy them in this store.

How to make a simple motor.

Bend the paper clips. Make a basic coil of 6-7 turns from enamel-insulated wire. Secure the ends of the wire to the spool with a knot and strip one end of insulation along its entire length, and the other along its entire length, but only on one side.
Secure the battery clips with glue or other material. Place a magnet on top of the battery. Place the entire assembly on the table and secure it. Place the spool so that the ends of the spool are touching the paperclip with their stripped sides. When current flows through the wire, an electromagnetic field arises and the coil becomes an electromagnet. The magnet should be placed so that the poles of the magnet and the coil are the same, then the permanent magnet and the electromagnet coil will repel each other. This force turns the coil at the very beginning of the rotation due to the fact that one end is stripped along the length of only one side, it momentarily loses contact and the magnetic field disappears. By inertia, the coil turns, contact is restored again and the cycle begins again. As you can see, do simple motor It’s very easy to do it yourself! it describes in more detail how to make a simple motor, which was discussed above.

The entire assembly of the magnetic motor on video

A simplified model of a motor made from a battery and wire

There are many types of electric motors and they can be classified according to different criteria. One of them is the type of electricity supplied to them. We can differentiate between DC and AC motors.

One of the first engines direct current DC was a Faraday drive, which, like many motors, was a reversible machine. After delivery mechanical energy it produced electricity (unipolar generator).

Today we are going to build a simple but working model of a DC motor.

Materials

The materials needed to make a toy can be found in every home. We need:

A small amount of wire in the enamel with a diameter of 0.3-0.6 mm
R6 – 1.5 V battery
The magnet may be small
Auxiliary materials: tin, rosin, a piece of wire and part of a universal printed circuit board for the “deluxe” version
Of course, we also need a soldering iron with resistance or transformer resistance.

We are working

The enameled wires should be wound around the battery, creating a small circle that will serve as the motor winding. Then, with the ends of the wire, wrap the winding so that it does not develop.

To get the impeller ready, you must still remove the insulating enamel from the ends of the wire that will serve as the axle. Additionally, one of them will also be a primitive switch. Therefore, if on the one hand we remove all the enamel, on the other hand we must do it only on one side, top or bottom:

The easiest way to do this is to place the straightened end of the wire on flat air, such as a countertop, and then scrape away the enamel on top using a razor blade. I remind you that the other end must be insulated around the perimeter!

Finally, straighten the axle so that the impeller is as balanced as possible.

Then make two small hoops (bearings) in which the rotor will spin. The diameter of the rim should be about 3mm (it is best to use a winding nail).

Pieces of wire with bearings must be soldered to the battery. Then we will glue it together into a small magnet so that one of its poles points upward. It should all look something like this:

If you now turn on the rotor, it should rotate with high speed around its axis. Sometimes a little pre-start is required by gently turning the rotor until it "snaps" into place. This model of the electric motor performed during this action can be seen in the video:

We can also make a more durable version of this physical toy. I used a large magnet from an old speaker that I attached to a universal printed circuit board with fragments of wires. Also, more rigid brackets are soldered to it. The 4.5V coin cell battery sits underneath the plate, and also underneath that are the cables that provide voltage to the brackets. Visible from right side The jumper functions as a switch. The design looks like this:

The work of this model is also depicted in the video.

How and why does it work?

The whole joke is based on the use of electrodynamic force. This force acts on every conductor through which it flows. electricity placed in a magnetic field. Its action is described in the left-hand rule.

When current passes through a coil, an electrodynamic force is exerted on it because it is in the magnetic field created by a permanent magnet. This force causes the coil to rotate until the current is interrupted. This is due to the fact that one of the axes through which the current is supplied is isolated only along half the perimeter. Although the force is no longer working, the coil performs the second half of the rotation due to its inertia. This continues until the axis turns into its isolated side. The circuit will be closed and the cycle will repeat.

The presented electric motor is a simple but effective physical toy. The lack of any sensible practical applications makes the game very enjoyable.

Have fun and informative entertainment!

What do you do when the power goes out at night? Most likely, you light candles and spend the evening waiting for the electricity to come on. And you can spend this time usefully. For example, illuminate a room using a regular magnet and wire, which will allow the lamp to operate without electricity. Or make a motor that can work autonomously.

DIY electromagnetic motor

The homemade electric motor easy to make from scrap materials at home. It is worth noting that such a device can be used not only as a visual example, but also for its intended purpose, for example, by attaching a fan to the rotor.

To make it you will need:

• Spoke;
• Thin metal plates;
• Bolts with nuts;
• Copper wire;
• A piece of plywood.

From metal sheet 0.2 mm thick, cut out 5 rectangular plates 40 by 15 mm. We make holes in the center of all plates and put them on the prepared knitting needle. Next, you need to secure the plates together with electrical tape.

For better rotor rotation, the ends of the spokes are sharpened, thereby ensuring minimal contact with the surface.

Then, on the axis you need to attach a homemade current breaker, which is made of the metal from which the plates are made. The breaker dimensions are 3 by 1 cm. This plate is folded in half and placed on the axle.

Next, we make the base from plywood. To do this, drill three holes on a piece of plywood measuring 50 by 50 mm (two for bolts along the edges and one in the center for installing the rotor). We make a U-shaped holder for the upper part of the rotor from a metal plate. And drill a hole in it in the center.

After this, to make the stator, we cut out three plates from metal that will connect the bolts in the lower part of the structure and make two holes for the bolts in them. We put these plates on the bolts, and insert the boots into the holes on the wooden platform.

Next, the bolts are wrapped with electrical tape, and 500 turns of copper wire is wound onto it. A holder for a contact breaker is attached to one of the corners of the wooden structure. Electricity of 12 Volts is connected to the coils.

How to make a motor from a battery correctly

This electric motor is rather of a demonstration nature. In order to make a simple motor, it will take some time and available materials.

Essential elements:

• Battery 1.5 V;
• Small magnet;
• Pins;
• Scotch;
• Plasticine.

First of all, it is necessary to make a coil, which will act as a rotor. To do this, we wind enameled copper wire around the battery (6 turns). We thread the ends of the wire into the resulting coil and secure it with knots.

To add rigidity to the structure, it is better to use wire with a cross-section of at least 0.5 mm.

We bite off the ends of the coil with pliers (they should be about 4 cm long). We completely clean one end of the varnish, and the other only on one side (it will act as a breaker).

Next, using tape, attach the pins to the battery contacts. To do this, you just need to attach pins and wrap the battery with tape. Then, a magnet is installed on the battery using plasticine.

We insert the coil into the ears of the pins. A magnetic field is generated in this coil, due to which the movable structural element rotates. If rotation does not occur, swap the coil contacts.

Speaker magnet, copper wire and lamp for making a lamp

The most in a simple way To bring a fluorescent lamp into working condition is to place it in the electromagnetic field of an ordinary magnet, which is used to work in old Soviet speakers.

The device consists of:

• Round magnet;
• Copper wire.

To make this device, you first need to remove the magnet from the speaker. Next, using a hammer without using great strength With light blows, knock the metal plates off the magnet.

Note! If the plates do not move away from the magnet, you can soak it in solvent for a while.

After the plates are removed from the magnet, it is necessary to clean it of dirt. To do this, use a regular rag or rag.

Next, the winding is manufactured. To do this, take a piece copper wire in isolation. The wire should be long enough to fold it in half and wrap the magnet with five turns. The double end of the wire is threaded into the resulting wire eye.

After the magnet is wrapped, a regular Fluorescent Lamp. This design can be equipped decorative materials and use as a stand-alone lamp.

The best homemade magnets

The use of magnets in everyday life is so widespread that listing them all would take a lot of time. But since many are rather entertaining, we will dwell in more detail on listing the widely used ones.

Magnets use:

• During installation work;
• Window cleaning;
• As holders.

First of all, it is worth noting that the search for magnets is not very difficult task. Magnets small sizes, you can find in old headphones. More powerful neodymium magnets can be removed from old computer hard drives.

Let's assume you are working with wooden structure. In one hand you hold a hammer, and in the other an element of this design. In this case, holding an armful of nails is not entirely convenient. To do this, you just need to place a magnet in your chest pocket and glue nails to it.

There are situations when you have to tighten screws in hard-to-reach places where it is not possible to hold the screw. To do this, simply attach a magnet to the metal part of the screwdriver. A magnetized screwdriver allows the bolt or screw to hold on its own.

If you glue small magnets to computer desk(in any convenient location), then you can use them as holders for various USB or other types of wires. To do this, small springs are placed on the wires (springs from handles can be used), which are a metal magnetized structure.

The attractive force of a magnet depends not only on its size, but also on the time of its operation.

As a component of decor, magnets can be used as fastening elements for a puzzle located on the refrigerator door. To do this, take any photograph that is outlined into certain elements. To each element using regular glue a small magnet is glued. The photo is divided into its component elements. After this, it is assembled on the refrigerator door in the form of a puzzle.

What can be made from a battery (video)

In order to assemble an almost eternal electric motor at home, all you need is ingenuity and ordinary knowledge in the field of electrical engineering. Which will undoubtedly come in handy in some cases.

How to make an electric motor in 15 minutes

• DIY or Do It Yourself

It is always interesting to observe changing phenomena, especially if you yourself participate in the creation of these phenomena. Now we will assemble a simple (but actually working) electric motor, consisting of a power source, a magnet and a small coil of wire, which we will make ourselves.

There is a secret that will make this set of items become an electric motor; a secret that is both clever and amazingly simple. Here's what we need:

1.5V battery or accumulator.

Holder with contacts for battery.

Magnet.

1 meter of wire with enamel insulation (diameter 0.8-1 mm).

0.3 meters of bare wire (diameter 0.8-1 mm).

We'll start by winding the coil, the part of the motor that will rotate. To make the coil sufficiently smooth and round, we wind it on a suitable cylindrical frame, for example, on an AA battery.

Leaving 5 cm of wire free at each end, we wind 15-20 turns on a cylindrical frame.

Do not try to wind the reel particularly tightly and evenly; a slight degree of freedom will help the reel better retain its shape.

Now carefully remove the coil from the frame, trying to maintain the resulting shape.

Then wrap the loose ends of the wire around the coils several times to maintain the shape, making sure that the new fastening coils are exactly opposite each other.

The coil should look like this:


Now is the time for the secret, the feature that will make the engine work. This is a secret because it is a subtle and non-obvious technique and is very difficult to detect when the motor is running. Even people who know a lot about how engines work can be surprised by a motor's ability to perform until they discover this subtlety.

Holding the spool upright, place one of the free ends of the spool on the edge of the table. With a sharp knife remove the top half of the insulation, leaving bottom half in enamel insulation.

Do the same with the other end of the coil, making sure that the bare ends of the wire are facing up at the two free ends of the coil.

What is the point of this technique? The coil will rest on two holders made of bare wire. These holders will be attached to different ends of the battery so that electric current can flow from one holder through the coil to the other holder. But this will only happen when the bare halves of the wire are lowered down, touching the holders.

Now you need to make a support for the coil. They are simply coils of wire that support the coil and allow it to rotate. They are made of bare wire, since in addition to supporting the coil, they must deliver electric current to it.

Simply wrap each piece of bare wire around a small nail and you have your desired motor part.

The base of our first electric motor will be the battery holder. This will be a suitable base because with the battery installed it will be heavy enough to keep the electric motor from shaking.

Assemble the five pieces together as shown in the picture (without the magnet first). Place a magnet on top of the battery and gently push the coil...


If everything is done correctly, the REEL WILL START ROTATING FAST! We hope that for you, as in our experiment, everything will work the first time.

If the engine still does not work, check everything carefully electrical connections. Does the reel rotate freely? Is the magnet close enough (if not, install additional magnets or trim wire holders)?

When the motor starts, the only thing you need to pay attention to is that the battery does not overheat, since the current is quite high. Simply remove the coil and the chain will be broken.
Let's find out exactly how our simplest electric motor. When electric current flows through the wire of any coil, the coil becomes an electromagnet. An electromagnet acts like a regular magnet. It has a north and south pole and can attract and repel other magnets.

Our coil becomes an electromagnet when the bare half of the coil's protruding wire touches the bare holder. At this moment, current begins to flow through the coil, a north pole appears at the coil, which is attracted to the south pole permanent magnet, and the south pole, which is repelled by the south pole of the permanent magnet.

We stripped the insulation from the top of the wire while the coil was standing vertically, so the poles of the electromagnet will point to the right and left. This means that the poles will begin to move to be located in the same plane with the poles of the lying magnet, directed up and down. Therefore the coil will turn towards the magnet. But in this case, the insulated part of the coil wire will touch the holder, the current will be interrupted, and the coil will no longer be an electromagnet. It will rotate further by inertia, touch the non-insulated part of the holder again, and the process will repeat again and again until the current runs out in the batteries.

How can you make an electric motor spin faster?

One way is to add another magnet on top.

Apply a magnet while the coil is spinning, and one of two things will happen: either the motor will stop, or it will start spinning faster. The choice of one of the two options will depend on which pole of the new magnet will be directed towards the coil. Just remember to hold the bottom magnet, otherwise the magnets will jump towards each other and destroy the fragile structure!

Another way is to place small glass beads on the coil axis, which will reduce the friction of the coil on the holders and also better balance the electric motor.

There are many more ways to improve this simple design, but we have achieved the main goal - you have assembled and fully understood how a simple electric motor works.

People have been puzzled by the creation of a perpetual motion machine for a long time. In theory, the possibility of implementing this device is denied by the postulates of thermodynamics. And we won't even try. This is just for intrigue.

Let's take the usual AA battery, Neodymium magnet and copper wire. In addition to the aesthetic side, the wire must be bent so as to have a fastening and center of gravity at one point. This is important for the stability and rotation of the structure.

Assembling an electric motor

We put a battery on the magnet and then place a wire heart on it. The system begins to rotate.

This happens because in the wire there is electric charge. And this is nothing more than the ordered movement of charged particles. Each of them is subject to a magnetic field, which deflects the direction of their movement. This deflection is called the Lorentz force. In physical language, this is the force with which an electromagnetic or magnetic field acts on a point charged particle. A special case of the Lorentz force is the situation when the magnetic field is directed perpendicular to the velocity vector. In this case, the force becomes centripetal.

That is, charged particles move in a circle, creating rotation of the structure. Those who are especially curious can even calculate the rotation speed by obtaining its formula from the following expression:

The battery will run out after some time and the movement will stop. But the impression will remain. Memories do not live in a copper heart, unlike the present. Hmm... Impressions, memories, love, no matter how banal it may be - what is not a perpetual motion machine?!

For the experiment you will need

Stages of the experiment

1. We bend a heart-shaped figure from copper wire; the ends of the wire should not connect.
2. Using pliers, make a small dent on the positive terminal of the battery.
3. We place the battery with a minus on the magnet, and put the “heart” on top of the battery. The free ends of the wire should lightly touch the magnet.

And today we’ll talk about how to make an engine from a battery, copper wire and a magnet. Such a mini electric motor can be used as a fake on the table of a home electrician. It's quite easy to assemble, so if you're interested this type classes, then we will provide detailed instructions with photos and video examples, so that assembling a simple motor is understandable and accessible to everyone!

Step 1 – Prepare materials

To make the simplest magnetic engine with your own hands, you will need the following materials:

Having prepared everything necessary materials You can proceed to assembling a perpetual electric motor. Making a small electric motor at home is not difficult, as you will now see!

Step 2 – Assembling the homemade product

So, to make the instructions clear to you, it’s better to look at it step by step with pictures that will help you visually understand the principle of operation of a mini electric motor.

We immediately draw your attention to the fact that you can invent the design of a homemade small engine in your own way. For example, below we will provide you with several video lessons that may help you make your own version of the engine from a battery, copper wire and a magnet.

What to do if the homemade product does not work?

If suddenly you have assembled a perpetual electric motor with your own hands, but it does not rotate, do not rush to get upset. Most often, the reason for the motor not rotating is too long distance between the magnet and the coil. In this case, you just need to trim the legs a little yourself, on which the rotating part rests.

That's the whole technology for assembling a homemade magnetic electric motor at home. If you watched the video tutorials, you are probably convinced that you can make a motor from a battery, copper wire and a magnet with your own hands. different ways. We hope that the instructions were interesting and useful for you!

It will be useful to know: