LVL timber - what is it and why is it worth taking a closer look at it. See what “lvl” is in other dictionaries Manufacturers represented on domestic markets

Fans of the Dota 2 game project who entered the MOBA in September 2015 after the release of the new update were pleasantly surprised new system levels. It motivates players to participate in more matches and earning trophies. But with the advent of a new mechanism for obtaining lvl, many users had a question: “What is the maximum level in the game now?” In this article we will try to answer it and talk about how to increase lvl in the game.

New level system

Developers from Valve stated that their new mechanism for obtaining and issuing lvl is an improved system of in-game achievements for players, based on the collection of various trophies by users.

To view your trophies, you need to go to your profile and go to the appropriate section. All achievements you have received will be presented there. Please note that new achievements constantly appear in Dota 2, so it is impossible to collect them all. This, by the way, indirectly affects the features of the maximum level in Dota 2.

Among other things, a picture appeared to the right of the level depicting various things (potions, talismans, armor or weapons). She matches current state development of the user account, that is, a newbie will have a drawing of some kind of holey shoe next to his level, and an old-timer, not far from the number, will always have a sword with a golden handle, an ancient artifact or any other expensive item. As the level increases, the image changes. Not a bad motive for achieving maximum lvl in the game.

Leveling up in Dota 2

The system is quite simple - level increases as you win new trophies or improve the level of existing ones in your profile. As before, these items are awarded for regular battles, participation in various events or performing various feats (completing challenges for all characters, predicting several wins in a row, etc.).

All trophies and their transition to new levels are brought to Dota 2 fans different number trophy points. To increase the level you need to score 100 points. In the above section of the main menu of the game, you can find out what achievements you have already completed, and what needs to be done to receive a new trophy badge.

As we mentioned earlier, the creators of Dota 2 are constantly introducing new trophies into the game to interest players in increasing their level. These items are usually associated with major events, such as The International.

Maximum level in Dota 2

We got close to interesting question. What is the maximum level in the game? In fact, no one knows for sure, since no one has yet managed to get to it. We can only make a couple of assumptions on this matter. To do this, you should visit the page with a description of all trophies.

Of particular interest on the page are the trophy badges awarded for having Compendium 2015. If you look at them carefully, you will see that the developers gave unique trophies to players who were level 10,000. Thus, certain conclusions can be drawn: either the maximum lvl exceeds the above figure or is equal to it.

In the end, we note that even if lvl 10,000 this moment is maximum, this does not mean that it will remain that way forever. It is possible that Valve will decide to increase it in the very near future or even make it equal to 999,999.

LVL-timber or literally “laminated veneer lumber”, from English. Laminated Veneer Lumber appeared in our country in 2009. Now only two factories (in the city of Torzhok and in Nyagan) have mastered this complex, energy- and resource-intensive, but unique technology in many ways. In today's review of the site, we will try to figure out what the advantage of this building material is, what LVL timber is, how and where it is best to use it. Let's take a closer look at the manufacturing technology and present the best manufacturers today.

This material appeared back in the 60s in the United States of America. The multilayer structure immediately “hit the spot” due to its amazing strength. It is achieved due to a special, parallel arrangement of fibers, which is 2 and a half times higher than the strength of laminated veneer lumber.

For your information! The number of layers of LVL timber can reach 24. On average, building materials with a thickness of 9-12 layers are used.

Over its long history, LVL timber has proven itself to be a material that is excellent for:

• construction of houses, garages, storage facilities, as well as sheds;
• sports facilities, and animal booths;
• kiosks, shopping pavilions, as well as booths for the protection of buildings of high architectural and spiritual value;
• construction of floors and roofs, rafter system building frames, formwork, window frames, and .

During heat treatment, the material not only acquires greater strength, but also becomes virtually invulnerable to moisture and high temperatures, this material is resistant to wood bacteria and is not subject to rotting processes. In addition, the timber does not dry out and does not emit condensation, unlike any other wood building structures from non-coniferous species, such as birch, for example.

Among the main advantages (besides strength) are ease of installation and low cost of construction compared to other materials. Due to their lightness, timber and LVL beams have proven themselves well in the construction of structures in seismically hazardous areas. Due to the absence of pores, the material does not burn well, and the combustion itself occurs much slower than other wood materials.

For your information! That is why one of the factories for the production of structures appeared in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug. Since these buildings are easy to erect, retain heat well, they are suitable for erecting temporary buildings in places with a cold and humid climate, for example, in swamps.

In addition, the material is not subject to shrinkage, suppresses noise well, and retains heat. But the disadvantage is considered to be low vapor permeability and the possible evaporation of a certain amount of adhesive, which is not so critical if the production technology is followed, but somewhat reduces its environmental friendliness compared to.

Properties of laminated timber LVL: studying the nuances

To create timber it is used exclusively coniferous trees: larch, spruce, pine. Raw materials are selected immediately at the time of felling: trees are only used the best varieties without flaws or defects, and the wood is used in different densities. The strongest, root-bearing wood is used. After cleaning the top layer, the logs are cleaned down to the veneer sheets.

When creating a layer of veneer (usually it reaches a thickness of 3 mm), the fibers are placed in parallel, which ensures maximum strength at the ends of the beams. As mentioned above, there can be from 7 to 9 such layers in the finished beam. This material can withstand high bending strength. The tensile strength of LVL timber is much higher than that of other materials.

Houses made from LVL timber are considered one of the most durable and strong. From the outside it seems that the technology for creating timber is similar to the production of plywood, but this is not so. In plywood, the fibers are directed perpendicularly, which increases the strength of the surface. And in the technology for creating LVL timber, all fibers are laid in parallel.

For your information! In the USA and Europe, LVL timber is used mainly as ridge beams or rafter legs. In addition, due to the fact that the length of the beams can exceed 30 meters, this material is very convenient to use for installing interfloor ceilings.

If we talk about the properties of LVL laminated timber, it has the following characteristics:

• – from 8 to 12%;
• number of veneer layers - from 9 to 24 pcs.;
• beam height – from 19 to 106 mm;
• timber length – 36 m;
• roughness (depending on the quality of processing), maximum 320 microns;
• maximum deviation in plane – no more than 1.5 mm;
• bending resistance along the fibers – 48 MPa;
• tensile strength – from 16.5 to 22.5 MPa;
• fire resistance – class E;
• wear resistance – 4;
• formaldehyde release indicators – E1;
• product density – 480 kg/m³;
• charring speed – 0.7 mm/min.

Performance characteristics of LVL timber

As we have already noted, laminated timber is significantly superior in strength and strength ordinary wood. In the process of gluing and pressing coniferous veneer of trees of different species, compounds of different densities are evenly distributed throughout the entire beam, which eliminates its further longitudinal and transverse distortion in size, ensuring equal characteristics along the entire length of the product during the entire period of use. Thanks to high density the material does not absorb moisture, maintaining its dimensions and, most importantly, its constant weight. This characteristic is most important when constructing frames, foundations and ceilings.

The connections will not lose their shape, and the dimensions will remain unchanged even under conditions of increased load. Glued laminated timber is used to cover large spans, in particular in the construction of sports facilities.

Very often, greenhouses, swimming pools, and other premises are built from the material. high humidity. And the multi-layer nature of the product ensures that it is quite high.

For your information! When in an open fire zone, lvl-beam smolders very slowly, its charring rate is 0.7 mm/min at a temperature of 300°C, and the structures themselves will not lose stability for an hour.

LVL timber shows excellent frost-resistant characteristics. It is good to use as a cantilever support for. Even in frosty weather, the properties of the material will prevent the occurrence of condensation due to temperature changes, and will also protect the beams from rotting. The material has excellent .

It is known that this material has high moisture-proofing characteristics. In the construction of floors, it also has no equal: it has been verified that pressed timber works well, providing peace and quiet for everyone at home.

Optimal weights and dimensions of laminated veneer lumber

Glued laminated timber has a number of advantages relative to the wood we are used to. If the length of the latter is directly related to the height of the tree, the same cannot be said about LVL timber. The length of the beam is most often limited only by transportation capabilities. On the other hand, with a smaller cross-section, the timber has higher strength readings, which significantly saves construction resources and space during the construction of housing.

Conventional laminated veneer lumber is most often produced in three sizes: 80×240 mm, 120×240 mm, 160×320 mm, while with the same bending strength, LVL timber can have more modest dimensions: 45×280 mm, 51 ×300 mm, 69×400 mm, since load bearing capacity it is significantly higher with smaller cross-sectional dimensions.

Technological process for the production of LVL timber

Today we have already spoken more than once about the unique characteristics of LVL timber. How does the process of creating such a durable building material take place?

Let's consider the production technology of LVL timber in more detail:

• First stage- wood preparation. First, the wood is cleared of bark, removing the entire protective layer.

• Second phase– obtaining veneer. When cutting, the thickness of the sheets should not be more than 3 mm. The finished veneer is cut into blanks and then dried. The volume of moisture in the finished veneer should not exceed 5%.

For your information! At this stage, raw materials of lower quality are rejected. It is used to make fences.

After screening, the perfectly fitted veneer sheets are glued together with a special compound into a single sheet with a thickness of 9 to 24 pieces using a special press. Next, the timber is sawn to specified sizes into bars, slabs, beams and beams.

Features of LVL timber of the Ultralam brand (Ultralam)

Glued laminated timber and slabs made from Ultralam™ are one of the highest quality materials produced in our country using innovative technology for deep wood processing.

Today the plant is considered one of the best in this field of production. The company has installed Japanese and German equipment of the highest quality, which allows us to comply with all technological nuances during the production and processing of wood.

For your information! The plant has a special press, which is considered one of the longest in the world. It allows you to create blocks up to 55 meters long. By the way, the production of Ultralam brand timber is waste-free; rejected raw materials are used for production fuel pellets or high quality pallets.

There are several types of timber that are produced at the enterprise. For convenience, we present the main characteristics in the table.

Let us add that each of these types finished material has very high performance characteristics, which proves enough high demand on timber in Europe and Asian countries.

Leading manufacturers of LVL timber

As we noted at the very beginning of the article, in Russia there are only two large manufacturers, which are engaged in the production of LVL timber. However, this does not mean that only these two enterprises have completely captured the market. There is another foreign manufacturer in Russia that very confidently occupies this niche.

Second Russian manufacturer– LVL-YUGRA, the company is legally registered in Tyumen, but production has been opened in several cities of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, the first of which appeared in the city of Nyagan.

Scope of application of LVL timber

The assortment, as you may have noticed, is quite wide. Manufacturers produce both monolithic slabs, roofing panels, load-bearing structures, as well as beams for installing foundations and load-bearing floor structures. In addition, part of the raw materials is used to create fencing materials.

Houses made of LVL timber

However, the most attractive option is the possibility of building houses from this material. Some people prefer to use pressed timber as frame structures, someone - for the construction of roofs and ceilings.

The advantage of such buildings is fast installation time; they are usually erected within a season. Most often, the entire process does not take more than 3 months. For example, we can give a frame project.

LVL timber can be used for the construction of: roof rafters, internal partitions and ceilings, interfloor partitions and external walls.

Lvl – comes from the English word level and is translated as level. You can often find similar abbreviations - level, lvl and other options that mean the same thing. What is lvl? This is the level of the character, and of anything that can increase or improve.

Perfection

Level in a game is most often used as an indication of a character's level. In battles with monsters and battles with other players, heroes gain experience, and as soon as they gain required amount, become stronger. Along with a level up, the hero receives an increase in characteristics, can take improved weapons and armor, and gains access to new abilities.

The same applies to skills and professions - for development you need to make objects or “downgrade” some kind. The character will increase his skill, and when he increases his professional level, he will become more experienced - he will be able to make more advanced equipment, potions, scrolls, armor and weapons.

If we talk in simple words, then the term means increase, strengthening, development of skill, etc.

But there is another meaning that is also often found.

Complexity

Another meaning of the word level is the difficulty of something, for example, a quest or a dungeon. Let's give an example: to complete the task, the hero needs to have level 10; if he only got level five, then the task will be too difficult for him. The same goes for developing professions and acquiring skills.

This term has become familiar to most users around the world. Foreigners always write lvl, but in Russia all of the above options are possible. The term is used in different games regardless of genre, number of users, style, platform, country, etc.

Using this abbreviation, people save time in conversations - it is faster and more convenient to write lvl than to write the word “level”.

Examples

“Congratulations on your lvl”

“At lvl 3 you will buy yourself a shield”

"available from lvl 5"

On the domestic market, laminated veneer lumber, lvl timber, which has a lower price, appeared relatively recently. Although in European countries North America has been widely used since the sixties of the last century. This is due to the fact that the approach to capital construction in Western countries radically different from what we are used to. Today, the trend in the use of lvl products is increasing every year and is already at least 3 million cubic meters.

What is lvl bar? This is peeled veneer glued in several layers (usually there are from 6 to 10 such layers) and subsequently processed to a smooth product. Veneer materials are usually coniferous varieties wood, larch or pine. Each layer of timber reaches an average of 3 mm.

Timber manufacturing technology lvl

The next step is the process of measuring the workpieces and their further sorting according to size. This is followed by the alignment process. Alignment is carried out using an industrial laser that does not make mistakes.

One of the last stages is the process of drying the workpieces from excess moisture.

It is important to note! Throughout the manufacturing process, the moisture content of the veneer is constantly monitored using ultrasonic measurements, right up to the stage of applying the adhesive material.

The gluing stage, the prepared veneer, the moisture content of which does not exceed 10-15%, is subjected to gluing. The glue is applied evenly on both sides of the veneer. Afterwards, the glued veneer plates are sent for pressing. Next comes the quality control procedure and packaging for shipment to warehouses.

Making lvl timber is a complex technological process.

When manufacturing lvl timber, a number of basic parameters can be identified that the material must meet:

1. The thickness of the veneer should not exceed 3 mm;
2. Primary drying allows you to reduce the amount of moisture in the material by up to 5%;
3. Sorting occurs in three stages;
4. Veneer is laid according to technology, thereby strengthening the strength of laminated timber;
5. The lvl quality control process takes place under the supervision of highly qualified specialists.

Main characteristics of glued key products

Compared to conventional lumber solid wood, laminated veneer lumber has a number of advantages. Worth some Special attention Please note before purchasing:

The first area where veneer lumber was widely used was frame house construction. In the United States of America, such construction is very common. It's mostly one and two storey houses. However, it is also used for construction, warehouses, garages and other non-residential premises.

LVL timber is widely used in the construction of frame houses.

In the CIS countries, solid materials from softwood varieties were more often used for these purposes, or replaced with other durable species (birch, beech). But in Lately, lvl timber has begun to be used more and more often, which is not surprising. This is due to its high and predictable strength characteristics.

The main characteristic of the reliability of LVL products is the relative bending strength, which is 48 mPa; for comparison, for birch timber this figure does not exceed 20 mPa. Design loads on the material along the fibers, also exceeds the same parameter for a simple beam by two times. And of course, with such strength characteristics, the issue of price comes to the fore. It is much more profitable to build any structure from lvl timber than from solid material.

Interior partitions

Sphere lvl applications timber, not limited frame construction buildings, there are also lvl plates, they serve as partition walls between rooms. They can also be used for external cladding of buildings, but for this their surface must be additionally treated, protecting it from exposure environment. Such boards have some advantages over conventional OSB boards, the main one of which is a high degree of heat and sound insulation.

Floor material

In addition to building houses timber lvl often used as a covering material for temporary structures. Its elasticity characteristics are almost 30% better than solid lumber. And in terms of strength properties it is 100%. The necessary loads that glued beams can withstand allow for its smaller cross-section. This means a reduction in the weight of the entire temporary structure, which is important during their installation.

Important difference! With the same dimensions, a beam made of LVL material has significantly less weight compared to all competitors, and its strength qualities are comparable to metal and concrete products.

Resistance to rotting puts lvl timber one step above ordinary lumber. Condensation released from any type of wood, due to its porous structure, harms even the painted surface, and over time destroys the load-bearing beams, which can lead to the destruction of the entire structure. LVL timber is free from this, its structure is completely processed, and the veneer is separated from each other by a layer of glue, which creates reliable protection from a humid environment, especially in combination with subsequent treatment with paints and varnishes.

Manufacturing of doors, windows, furniture

Furniture made of maple timber

A wide range of sizes allows this material to be used in numerous areas, with the manufacture of doors, windows and frame furniture being no exception.

Manufacturers represented on domestic markets

Today there are not so many manufacturers of high-quality lvl products, among others the following should be highlighted:

• Finnforest – a Finnish factory produces lvl timber under the Kerto brand;
• Talion-Terra is a Russian company that supplies high-quality products throughout the CIS;
• LVL-Yugra is another Russian manufacturer that appeared on the market a little later, but has already proven itself high quality manufactured products.

The small number of manufacturers is explained by the high complexity technological process manufacturing lvl products. The equipment used is mostly imported and quite expensive. However, in the near future it is planned to release domestic analogues, it remains hoped that this will only have a positive effect on the quality of the products.

Video: timber lvl. Reviews

0 When you discover the World Wide Web, you find everything your heart desires, games, movies, videos, but the defining element of the Internet is its memes, for example 47 chromosomes, Sap Dvach, “I shook your soul,” Spent. Fans of memes, who cannot imagine life without them, collect them and create new ones, suffering from a special contagious disease." illness" - Memophrenia. In this article we will talk about an old meme, which, however, is very popular in the Russian Internet and beyond. We will talk about the 80 lvl meme. What does 80 lvl mean?? Was very popular at the time online game World of Warcraft, however, it is still quite famous, although it has many competitors. So, the first time is the most highest level character in this MMORPG was equal eighty. However, it has now been raised, and will probably be raised again.

80 lvl or be 80 lvl- this means to be a master of your craft, to be a professional in something

Until recently, a lvl 80 paladin or elf personified someone who had completely gone online geek, which has lost almost all connections with the real world.
After WOW won the hearts of millions of users and naturally memes appeared on the theme of this game. This article is written about one of them. 80 lvl is the highest degree of skill, and the occupation or profession in such a case positioned as a class. However, the matter never progressed beyond memes, since usually well-known pictures and videos are signed.