Plant Ivan and Marya. Ivan da Marya: medicinal properties of the flower and contraindications. Whoever is given to love will be happy

Male and female names Popular names are plants that bloom in multi-colored or differently shaped pairs of inflorescences. One of these representatives is begonia, numbering a large number of species and hybrid varieties. Tuberous begonia is very popular. Her attractiveness is created by her appearance and... Today we introduce the flower Ivan da Marya - indoor begonia: what it looks like, planting and care.

Flower Ivan da Marya indoor begonia what it looks like

The most developed leaves are determined, cut off, placed in a moist substrate (sand - 3, peat - 1 part) and placed in a shaded place.

Protecting plants from diseases and pests

Begonia is affected powdery mildew false.

Excess moisture causes the formation. To promptly detect an unpleasant problem, we recommend monitoring appearance the core of the bush and its lower leaves, on which rot or dew most often appears.
Affected leaves are immediately removed, and the amount of watering is sharply reduced. These measures will prevent the proliferation of fungal pests.
Begonia is most often attacked by aphids and. They must be combated by spraying, for which special preparations are used.

Counts a wonderful plant. At proper care she, balcony or loggia. Special attention does not require it.

The legend of the Ivan-da-Marya flower speaks of the young man Ivan and the girl Marya, who decided never to be separated and turned into beautiful flowers. Since then, Ivan has had a purple shirt, and Maria has had a yellow scarf. So they stand and are nowhere without each other... In memory of two loving hearts and the people nicknamed the flower Ivan da Marya.

Ivan-da-Marya plant (Melampyrum nemorosum L.), otherwise popularly called: oak grass, brother and sister, bratka, medunka, yellow grass, copperhead, fireflower, yellow grass, willow grass, tricolor grass, meadow bell - one of the four flowers attributes of a fortune-telling wreath for the holiday of Ivan Kupala. But more and more it is known as the adam-i-eva plant (Ivan-da-Marya)) ...

People believed that Ivan da Marya flowers collected on Kupala protect the house from black people all year, and the grass restores peace in the family between spouses. The plant is also interesting because its seeds attract ants with their fragrant sacs, as a result they take them throughout the forest, spreading the plant...

Description of the plant Ivan-da-Marya.

herbaceous, annual plant of the Norichnikov family Ivan-da-Marya grows 15 - 50 cm in height. The roots of the plant have suckers that attach to the roots of other plants and are fed with juice from them.
The stem of the oak grass is branched, straight, pubescent with whitish hairs hanging down. The leaves are ovate-lanceolate, opposite, entire-marginal, long-pointed.

The Ivan-da-Marya flower is drooping, all the flowers sit one at a time on short stalks, in the axils of the upper leaves, turned to one side, grouped into a loose raceme. Each flower has a bract, violet, bright lilac, crimson or blue, the color is more intense at the top. The corolla is bright yellow, the calyx is long-pubescent. The fruit of Ivan da Marya is an egg-shaped capsule that opens and divides in two. The flowering of the plant can be observed from late spring until autumn.

Where does the fireflower (Ivan da Marya) grow?

The medicinal plant Ivan-da-Marya is widespread in the forest-steppe and forest European parts of Russia, in the north-west and west of the forest-steppe of Ukraine, in the Caucasus, and was brought to Siberia. It is found in deciduous forests, in bushes, along forest edges, on chalk slopes and wet peat meadows.

Photo of the plant Ivan-da-Marya.

Photo of the medunka flower (Ivana da Marya).

You can see a larger photo of the flower if you click on the photo.

Harvesting the Ivan-da-Marya plant.

Used for the manufacture of drugs medicinal herb Ivan-da-Marya (flowers, stems, leaves) and fruits. The fruits of the plant are harvested in July - September, aboveground part- in May – September. The grass is dried in the shade, under a canopy, and stored for no more than 10 months separately from other plants.

Chemical composition of the plant Ivan-da-Marya.

The plant contains the glycoside dulcite, alkaloids, and the poisonous glycoside aucubin was found in the seeds.

Medicinal properties of the herb Ivan-da-Marya.

The honeydew plant has local irritant, insecticidal, narcotic, wound-healing and anti-inflammatory effects.

Use of the Ivan-da-Marya plant.

Traditional medicine has found the use of infusions of the herb for diseases of the heart, stomach, urticaria, scrofula, and is used externally in the form of washes and baths for various rashes, scrofula, scabies and eczema, diathesis and skin tuberculosis.

Fresh chopped aerial parts medicinal plant heals wounds. An aqueous decoction of the fruits of the Ivana da Marya plant is used to kill insects as an insecticide. Also, the herb of the herb is used for epilepsy.

Medunka: recipes for treatment.

Infusion of Ivan da Marya.

3 tbsp. l. pour a liter of boiling water over the herbs of the medicinal plant Mariannik dubrava, leave for 2 hours, filter. Use for washing and local baths for skin diseases.

Infusion of Ivan da Marya for epilepsy.

1 tbsp. l. pour a glass of boiling water over the herbs of the medicinal plant Ivana da Marya, leave for 30 minutes, and then filter. Drink half a glass twice a day.

Contraindications to the use of Ivan da Marya.

Be careful, the plant contains poisonous glycosides!

Everyone loves unusual flowers. To grow in your flower garden healthy plant you should know the subtleties of the content. In this article, the editors tried to present a selection of secrets in order to prevent death during containment unusual flower. The subtleties of maintaining large groups of plants vary. Capricious plant requires careful provision of conditions. We recommend that you determine for further activities what type of flower your flower is classified as.

Maryannik, Ivan-da-Marya, yellow grass, scrofulous grass

DUBBRAVNY MARYANNIK (Melampyrum nemorosum L.), or IVAN-DA-MARYA - annual herbaceous plant with pubescent stem, family Scrophulariaceae, genus Melapyrum L.. Leaves are opposite, ovate-lanceolate. The flowers are light yellow, two-lipped, collected in spike-shaped inflorescences (the lips are yellow, the corolla tube is red-yellow). The flowers have comb-toothed purple bracts. The fruit is an ovoid capsule. The seeds are large, oblong, brown or almost black, with an apex. Height 15-60 cm.

The plant stands out for its particularly striking contrast of blue bracts and bright yellow corollas. It is very decorative, which is why it often attracted the attention of painters and poets, but when picked into bouquets it quickly fades. The flowers of Ivan da Marya produce nectar abundantly and are rightfully considered a good honey plant. The seeds serve as food for forest game.

Common names: oak grass - Ivan-da-Marya, Ivanets, Ivan's grass, maryannik, brother and sister, pansy, bicolor, yellow grass, scrofulous grass, fireflower; meadow marianberry - Petrovskaya grass, magpie shavings, field cornflowers, kusharka, lucre, jaundice; forest herb - oppressive grass, mare's grass; field grass - vertebra, bellweed, Ivan-da-Marya, yellowhead, coltsfoot, field grass.

Many legends associated with Ivan da Marya are dedicated to the symbolism of forbidden love. If you believe the fairy tale, the name Ivan-da-Marya arose like this: fate separated brother and sister - Ivan and Marya - in childhood. When they grew up and met, they fell in love with each other, but having learned about their relationship, in order not to be separated, they turned into a flower with a double color. The harshest version of the legend says that the sister wanted to seduce her brother, and he killed her for this (see “Legends of the Violet”).

Ivan-da-Marya is the name of several herbaceous plants, the flowers of which (or the upper parts of the entire plant) are distinguished by the presence of two sharply distinct colors, most often yellow and blue or purple. The most popular are oakberry maryannik and tricolor violet. This name is used much less frequently: Geneva sage, meadow sage and periwinkle. They also have two distinctly different colors (for the violet, the third, white, is not taken into account).

Oakwood maryannik is found in the northern, middle and southwestern zones of the European part of the country. It grows in forest clearings (sometimes in large areas), forest edges, hills, in thickets of bushes, swampy meadows and chalk slopes. The most common plant in our meadows, glades and edges of deciduous forests, where it blooms from late spring to early autumn (May-September).

In our zone, five species of marianberry grow: oak grass (M. nemorosum L.); field grass (M. arvensis L.); meadow grass (M. pratense L.); forest weed (M. silvaticum L.) and cut weed (M. laciniatum Kosh). The most common maryanniki are: meadow and cut. And now we will talk about the closest relative of the oak grass, which is called meadow grass.

Meadow marianberry is very similar to Ivan-da-Marya, but it does not have purple leaves, and the flowers are almost white. This type Mariannik is typical for coniferous forests, although it has the specific name “meadow”. Meadow grass is an annual plant. Every year it begins life as a seed. At the end of spring in the forest every year you see many shoots of marianberry with large oval cotyledons. The seedlings develop quickly and after a few weeks turn into adult plants. In mid-summer, flowering begins. Marianberry seeds are quite large, white, very similar in appearance to “ant eggs” (ant larvae). These seeds are spread by ants, who carry them throughout the forest. This method of seed dispersal is often found in forest herbaceous plants. Many species of them use the “services” of ants.

The plant is poisonous. Internal use Mariannikov, as poisonous plants, requires great caution. It is known that the plant contains traces of alkaloids, the glucoside melompicrite (dulcite), and in the seeds - a very poisonous glucoside rhinantine (aucuban), which has a narcotic and local irritant effect. When poisoned by seeds, weakness, drowsiness is observed, and cardiac activity is weakened.

Poisoning of sheep and horses may occur when they are fed grain and flour contaminated with marianberry seeds. Sick animals become drowsy, tremble, have blood in their urine, and have palpitations. First aid consists of first prescribing laxatives, and then conducting a course of symptomatic therapy (stimulants, cardiac drugs, etc.).

Currently only applicable in folk medicine. For medicinal purposes, the herb of the plant is used, which is harvested during the flowering period. Air dry in the shade or in well-ventilated areas. The part used is grass (stems, leaves, flowers) and fruits. The grass is harvested in May - September, the fruits - in July - September. Directions for use: Infuse 3 tablespoons of herb in 1 liter of boiling water for 2 hours, strain. Use as an external remedy for local baths and washes for skin diseases.

It has insecticidal, anti-inflammatory and good wound healing effects. An infusion of the herb is used internally for scrofula, externally - in the form of baths and washes for scrofula, various rashes and scabies. Freshly crushed herb and its powder speed up the healing of wounds. A decoction of the fruit is used to destroy harmful insects. Another type of herbgrass, field herbgrass (Melampyrum arvense L.), has similar properties.

Aboveground part. Decoction - for hypertension, dizziness, heart disease, neuralgia, epilepsy, diseases of the stomach and gastrointestinal tract; externally (baths, washings, poultices) - for scrofulosis, skin tuberculosis, scabies, diathesis, eczema, rashes, organ diseases chest, rheumatism and as a wound healing agent. Leaves. Infusion, tea (internally and externally) - for scrofula, rashes.

Method of use (Medicinal plants

Oak grove, or Ivan-da-Marya (Melampyrum nemorosum L.)

Mesophyte. Quite demanding on soil conditions. Oak grass seeds germinate in the fall, in September - October. They develop a long branching root - in this state, the seeds lie on the surface of the soil, covered with litter. Their further development occurs in the spring, after the snow melts.

The plant blooms, retaining the cotyledons, after sowing, and dies in September and October.

Nemoral, Central South European species. It grows in the European part of the USSR, in Siberia - in a single place, in the Irkutsk region - apparently as an alien; outside the USSR - in Scandinavia, Central Europe and the Western Mediterranean. Widely distributed in forest and forest-steppe zones, common in deciduous forests, on forest edges, near bushes, found in damp peaty meadows, very rare in the north-east of the European part.

In Siberia, it has been proposed to protect this species in its only known habitat.

Contraindications:

When poisoned by seeds, weakness, drowsiness is observed, and cardiac activity is weakened. The toxicity of the plant is due to the presence of aucubin, which has a narcotic and local irritant effect.

Mariannik oak forest

Melampyrum nemorosum

Ivan-da-Marya

Description: An annual herbaceous plant 15-50 cm high. The stem is straight, branched, pubescent with downward whitish hairs. The leaves are opposite, ovate-lanceolate, long-pointed, entire. The flowers are on short stalks, facing one direction, one at a time in the axils of the upper leaves, forming a loose one-sided raceme; the flower has a violet, blue or crimson bract. The flowers are slightly drooping. The corolla is bright yellow. The fruit is an ovoid, pointed capsule. It blooms in late spring and almost all summer until autumn.

Distribution: Widely distributed in forest and forest-steppe zones of the European part of Russia, in the Caucasus, in the western, northwestern regions of the forest-steppe of Ukraine, and in Siberia - alien. It is found along the edges, among bushes, in damp peat meadows, and on chalk slopes.

Part used: Herbs and fruits are used. The grass contains alkaloids, glycosides, and the seeds contain aucubin.

Collection and harvesting: plant grass is harvested during the flowering period. Air dry in the shade or in well-ventilated areas. The grass is harvested in May - September, the fruits - in July - September.

Application: The plant has insecticidal, anti-inflammatory and good wound healing properties. In folk medicine, an infusion of the herb in small doses is used for diseases of the stomach, heart and urticaria, and externally in the form of baths and washes - for scrofula, various rashes, eczema and scabies, skin tuberculosis and diathesis in children. Freshly chopped herbs promote faster healing of wounds.

3 tbsp. l. oakberry marjanica herbs in 1 liter of boiling water, leave for 2 hours, strain. Use as an external remedy for local baths and washes for skin diseases.

Maryannik oak forest, Ivan-da-Marya

Sem. SCROPHULARIACEAE - Oak grove, Ivan-da-Marya - Melampyrum nemorosum L.

Mariannik oak grove is an annual herbaceous plant with an underdeveloped root system. The stem is erect, 15-50 cm in height, obtusely tetrahedral, with long opposite branches inclined upwards, covered with hard, downward-directed hairs. The leaves are opposite, glabrous above and slightly hairy below. Flowers on short stalks, facing one direction, sit one at a time in the axils of the upper leaves, forming a loose one-sided raceme, each flower is equipped with a bract leaf, painted in a bright purple color, more intense at the apex; the corolla is bright yellow, with a red-brown curved tube, the lower lip of the corolla is longer than the upper. The fruit is a capsule, ovoid, pointed, equal or shorter than the calyx, naked, bifurcates when opened.

Blooms from June to autumn.

It grows in forest pastures, along bushes, hills and forest edges, and forms thickets.

Dosage form: Infuse 3 tablespoons of maryannik for 2 hours in 1 liter of boiling water, strain. Use as an external remedy for local baths and washes for skin diseases.

The plant is poisonous.

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Ivan-da-Marya (oak grove) is the most famous plant among the maryanniks. There are about 30 species of marianberry, which are common in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere. Despite the presence of green leaves, the roots of maryanniki form haustoria, with which they attach to the roots of other plants in order to suck from them nutrients. In most species of marian grass, parasitism is required for complete life cycle. They grow in forests, bushes, edges, clearings, clearings, damp meadows, fields, some are weeds. They reproduce only by seeds equipped with a fleshy appendage (arylloid), which attracts ants, which, eating it, take away the seeds. The most common in Russia oak maryannik, or Ivan-da-Marya, And meadow marianberry.

From a distance it seems that Ivan-da-Marya blooms immediately and yellow and blue flowers. But if you come closer, you will see that the flowers of this plant are yellow (often have an orange tint), and above them there are beautiful blue leaves, which seem to cover these yellow flowers. The yellow flowers and blue leaves above them make Ivan-da-Marya a very elegant grass. Ivan-da-Marya usually blooms in our area at the end of May and blooms until September. The seeds are large, about 5-6 mm long, with a succulent appendage that attracts ants. Oak grove grows along the edges, light forests, and clearings. In folk medicine, oak grass was used for skin diseases: eczema, diathesis.

There is a fairy tale telling the origin of the name of this plant: “It was a very long time ago. Ivan and the beautiful Marya went into the forest to pick berries. But a storm arose and thunder struck. There was nowhere to hide from the weather. Marya sat down near a bush, and brave Ivan blocked her from the rain. and winds. The bad weather died down. Ivan and Marya returned home, and in the place where brave Ivan saved the beautiful Marya from the bad weather, forest grass rose with bright yellow flowers and beautiful blue leaves that covered the yellow flowers. So people gave it to forest plant In memory of Ivan and Marya, the name is Ivan-da-Marya."

It is curious, but the name “Ivan-da-Marya” applied not only to maryannik, but also to a number of other plants that combine blue and yellow colors: for example, to tricolor violet and pansies.

Mariannik meadow does not stand out with such a bright color: its flowers are smaller, they are whitish with yellow spot on the upper and lower lips, less often - entirely yellow. The bracts are greenish, but often bear 2-3 pairs of large teeth at the base. The epithet “meadow” does not correspond to the growing conditions of this species: it lives in forests, including coniferous ones, along the edges of sphagnum bogs.

Oak forest maryannik, or Ivan-da-marya (Melampyrum nemorosum L.)

Meadow grass (Melampyrum pratense L.)

Description of appearance:
Flowers: The flowers are collected in a sparse apical racemose inflorescence, all facing the same direction. The bracts are green, broadly lanceolate, rounded at the base, entire or with 1-4 subulate teeth. The calyx is 2-3 times shorter than the corolla, with four linear, sharp teeth drawn upward. The corolla is yellow (the tube is sometimes white), 10-12 mm long, with a straight tube.
Leaves: Leaves are opposite, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate-linear, long-pointed, usually entire, sessile or with a short petiole.
Height: 15-30 cm.
Stem: Stem erect, simple or with one or two pairs of thin branches, glabrous or pubescent at the top.
Fruit: Ovoid capsules that dehisce on one side.
It blooms all summer - from June to September, the fruits ripen starting in July.
Lifespan: Annual plant.
Habitat: Meadow grass is a plant of forests, bushes, forest edges, clearings, and clearings.
Prevalence: European-West Siberian species. In Russia, it is distributed in the European part, including the Arctic region, in Western Siberia and in the west of Eastern Siberia. In Central Russia it grows in all regions. In the Non-Chernozem Region, meadow grass is a common plant; in the chernozem zone it is found less frequently, mainly in pine forests.
Addition: A good honey plant. The seeds serve as food for upland game. Wood grouse eat green leaves. In Central Russia, in coniferous forests of the non-chernozem zone, mainly in the northern part, it is found Wood grass (Melampyrum sylvaticum L.)- a European species, habitually similar to meadow grass, differing from it in the smaller size of the corolla (length 5-7 mm), dark yellow color, bent (rather than straight) tube and capsule, opening with two valves, with oblong brownish seeds.

Comb weed (Melampyrum cristatum L.)

Description of appearance:
Flowers: The inflorescence is spike-shaped, very thick and dense, tetrahedral. The covering leaves of the flowers are yellow-green or light purple, sharply widened at the base, folded lengthwise, with raised unevenly combed, sharp-toothed and ciliated edges; in the upper part, narrowed at the lower leaves into a lanceolate-linear, downward curved, entire, sharp apex 3 cm long; the upper covering leaves have a tip about 1 cm long, usually directed upwards. The calyx is long-ciliated along the ribs, with four lanceolate, sharp, unequal teeth. The corolla is two-lipped, yellowish-white, with a bright yellow lower lip, less often purple.
Leaves: Leaves are opposite, lanceolate or linear, lower ones up to 4 cm long, entire, with short petioles; the upper ones are sessile, up to 8 cm long, spear-shaped or irregularly toothed at the base.
Height: 10-35 cm.
Stem: The stem is erect, simple or branched in the upper part, tetrahedral.
Fruit: Oblong-ovate, arched capsules.
Seeds: Dark brown.
Flowering and fruiting time: It blooms all summer, from May to August, the fruits ripen starting in June.
Lifespan: Annual plant.
Habitat: It grows in light, mostly deciduous forests, on forest edges, clearings, in river floodplains, in swampy and saline meadows and in steppes.
Prevalence: European species entering western North Asia. In Russia, it is distributed in the European part, in Western Siberia and in the west of Eastern Siberia. In Central Russia it is found in all regions, but rarely in the northern regions.
Addition: Covered with sparse white bristly hairs. A good honey plant.

Field grass (Melampyrum arvense L.)

Description of appearance:
Flowers: Flowers are collected in the apical long dense cylindrical spike-shaped inflorescence. Covering leaves of flowers (all or only the upper ones) are pink or purple, ovate-lanceolate, comb-shaped; the teeth sometimes bear two rows of black dots-scales that secrete nectar. The calyx is tubular-bell-shaped, shortly pubescent, with four linear-subulate teeth, often arcuate. The corolla is purple, two-lipped, its lower lip has yellow spots.
Leaves: Leaves are opposite, lanceolate or linear, thick, entire or with 2-4 long sharp teeth.
Height: 15-50 cm.
Stem: Stem erect, rounded, branched. The branches are thin, sticking up.
Fruit: Obovate capsules with a small curved nose.
Seeds: Oblong dark brown.
Flowering and fruiting time: It blooms from June to September, the fruits ripen starting in July.
Lifespan: Annual plant.
Habitat: It grows in forests, in clearings, forest edges, in thickets of bushes, and in the steppe.
Prevalence: European species, entering the Caucasus and Siberia. In Russia, it is distributed in the southern half of the European part, in the Ciscaucasia, Dagestan and in the south of Western Siberia. In Central Russia it is found in the black earth belt.
Addition: Covered with white short appressed hairs. It reproduces by seeds, which have a fleshy appendage and are spread by ants. A good honey plant. Close view Silver bract (Melampyrum argyrocomum (Fisch. ex Ledeb.) K.-Pol.) also found in the steppes of the black earth belt. It differs from field herb in the white or pale yellow covering leaves of the flowers and the same color corolla, as well as a crescent-shaped downward curved capsule.

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Since ancient times, the blue and yellow inflorescences of Ivan da Marya symbolize fidelity. One of the common legends says that two lovers only learned about the blood connection between them after the wedding. And in order not to betray each other, they turned into beautiful flowers, which are difficult to confuse with any other plants.

Description of the flower

Ivan da Marya - annual herbaceous plant, grows to half a meter in height. Root system has specific suckers, thanks to which the flower attaches to other vegetation and lives on its juices. The erect stem, covered with white hairs, is characterized by branches. The ovate-lanceolate leaves are distinguished by their long-pointed shapes.

Every yellow flower additionally decorated with a bract leaf of blue, violet, crimson or bright lilac color. At the end of the flowering period, which lasts throughout the summer, egg-shaped fruits are formed. Subsequently, the oblong seeds contained in the boxes serve as food for forest inhabitants.

Other flower names

Everyone understands that the name in honor of the lovers Ivan and Marya is a folk one. In addition, you can hear many other names: Ivan's grass, jaundice, marksman's grass, yellowtail, meadow bell. In the scientific literature, the annual plant is found as oak grass.

Habitat and “character” of the plant

Collection and healing properties of herbs

As a remedy use the entire above-ground part Ivan da Marya: stems, leaves, flowers, fruits. The collection begins in late spring and ends in September. Initially collected material dried in a well-ventilated area, then stored separately from other herbs. It is also worth remembering that oakberry maryannik very quickly loses its qualities and is suitable for beneficial use during the first ten months.

In medicine, the herb is used as a wound healing and anti-inflammatory agent. The prepared decoction of Ivan da Marya is used for heart and stomach diseases. Adding a medicinal plant to baths helps get rid of rheumatism, eczema and skin tuberculosis.

Effective recipes using the flower:

1. A decoction based on oak grass will help get rid of skin rashes, scabies or scrofula. To prepare, dilute 3 tbsp per liter of boiled water. spoons of medicinal herbs. After two hours, the infusion is filtered and added to the bath or used for local rubbing.
2. To treat hypertension, heart disease, to get rid of frequent dizziness and epilepsy attacks, the concentration of ingredients changes. In this case, 1 tbsp. l. Ivan da Marya is poured with a glass of boiling water, left for about half an hour and filtered. For effective treatment The decoction is consumed twice a day, half a glass.
3. Shredded young plant, as well as Ivan da Marya powder promotes rapid healing of wounds.

Contraindications for use

Faced with the need to use ivan da marya in treatment, always it is important to remember the toxic qualities of the grass. This primarily applies to oral use. Aucubin (glucoside rhinantine), contained in the seeds of the herb, has an irritating effect on the body, which is most often expressed by feelings of weakness, decreased cardiac activity, and constant drowsiness. If these symptoms appear after using drugs based on Ivan da Marya, be sure to consult a doctor.

Indoor variety of Ivan da Marya

Oakwood mariannik is a representative of wild vegetation, although this does not prevent avid gardeners from naming other species indoor plants named after Ivan and Marya. One of these varieties is tuberous begonia, also called campanula or “bride and groom”. home flower differs in many ways from its own:

Ivan da Marya