Bed holder for patients. Adaptations after stroke. Rehabilitation tools that develop lost movements in the hands

An important issue in the medical field is caring for seriously ill people whose limbs are completely or partially immobilized. In such a situation, the patient cannot independently look after himself and is unable to move around and move his limbs. Various rehabilitation equipment can be used to care for seriously ill patients. One of these devices is back supports. Such devices make it possible to facilitate both the care of seriously ill patients and their general well-being. Currently, back supports are made in various types and designs, but the principle of their operation is the same for all models. Moreover, the price of purchasing back support is low, which makes it accessible to all segments of the population. Moreover, the back support can be used both at home and in specialized medical institutions. The back supports are very comfortable and easy to use. Back supports are made from very quality materials, have the function of adjusting the angle of inclination, so that in order to prevent the occurrence of bedsores, you can change the angle of inclination at certain intervals and, therefore, the position of the body of the sick person will change. Therefore, purchasing a back support will be very important when caring for seriously ill people. Nowadays you can buy a back support at a low price.

What kind of back support should there be?

Backrests should be made of durable and pleasant-to-touch materials. In addition, such devices should not have folds to prevent the occurrence of bedsores in a sick person. Backrests must necessarily have a function for changing the angle of inclination, and it should be as more options changing the inclination so that the human body is in one position for as little time as possible. The back support is intended not only for disabled and seriously ill people, but also for people who lead a sedentary lifestyle. The back rests can be easily installed on any bed or sofa. The tilt angle of the stand, as a rule, varies from 30 to 75 degrees, which is the most relevant option.

Back supports are made in such a way as to withstand the load of a person even with a large weight. As a rule, such backrests are made with minimal permissible load at 100 kilograms.

Who are the back supports for?

In order to understand the necessity of using a backrest, you need to understand what bedsores are and what causes them. It should be said that the movement of blood throughout the human body is carried out through blood vessels and capillaries. Such blood vessels and capillaries can be located in soft tissues. So, when a person is stationary, some parts of the soft tissue are compressed, as a result of which the blood vessels are also compressed. Therefore, there is a deterioration in blood delivery to various organs and tissues. Therefore, a person staying in one position for a long time can lead to bedsores. In addition, bedsores can occur due to the movement of the human body on the bed service personnel. For example, in order to change bed linen or duck. A person can also independently try to move the body on the bed, as a result of which, due to the lack of necessary equipment, a displacement of human tissue occurs, as a result of which blood vessels and capillaries in such a place are torn. At first glance, it seems that nothing terrible is happening, but the tissues of a sick person in such a situation are very sensitive to this kind of action. Potential places for bedsores to occur are tissues that are located in the places on which a person lies. For example, if a person lies on his stomach, then he is most susceptible harmful effects forehead and cheekbones. It should be said that the costs material resources are insignificant for the purchase of products to combat pressure ulcers compared to the costs that may go into treating pressure ulcers. Therefore, to reduce the likelihood of bedsores, you can buy a back support. As a rule, a sick person should be cared for by one person who thoroughly knows the characteristics of the patient’s body and health. During the care process, he should consult with specialists. You cannot move a sick person or a disabled person on the bed alone. It is best to lift it together and change its location. In this case, friction must be avoided so as not to damage human tissue. The material from which the back support is made must be of high quality and not contain folds. At the same time, the entire surface on which the patient lies must be dry and clean to prevent friction and the spread of various types of infections. Therefore, the back rest must be kept clean and dry at all times. After all, dirty skin is most susceptible to the influence of various kinds of bacteria and microorganisms, which, in the conditions of suffering of a sick person, will lead to even greater discomfort and deterioration of well-being.

Features of back supports

The operating principle of the back rest is quite simple. The basis of its operation is changing the angle of inclination. When the angle of inclination changes, the points on which pressure occurs and are compressed change. By setting one angle of inclination, all the pressure goes to one part of the body, while all other tissues rest and recover at this time. Bedsores disappear and blood circulation normalizes. Then, when one part of the body has rested, the angle of the back support changes and all the pressure goes to the rested part, and old place squeezing rests. Typically, the angle of inclination changes at intervals of 10 degrees.

Back supports are made, as a rule, from a mesh material that allows air to pass through and is easy to use and clean. In addition, the back rest dries quickly, which is one of the the most important conditions for caring for seriously ill and disabled people. Backrests can be equipped with a special pillow for the head and neck. Back supports usually measure 60 by 60 centimeters and are suitable for any patient. On this moment On the market rehabilitation equipment Backrest supports are offered that have approximately 6 angles of inclination. And given the fact that one step of the inclination angle is usually 10 degrees, it can be calculated that the range of changes in the inclination angle is on average 60 degrees. The back rest is lightweight, which is very convenient when transporting the stand itself. In addition, it is quite convenient when transporting a patient from one place to another. For example, when transporting from medical institution home. The back support can be easily attached to sofas and beds of any model. A back support will be indispensable for any institutions that are designed for the rehabilitation of seriously ill people.

Buy various types of back support from different manufacturers at low prices you can in our store of rehabilitation equipment on the website www.forum-msk.su.

Here are a few ideas that will make it easier to care for bedridden patients and reduce their suffering: a back support that allows you to change the tilt of the patient's upper body, a side table and a TV stand.

All these products for caring for bedridden patients can be made with your own hands. Let's start with the most necessary device for bedridden patients - back supports. Such a simple device will allow you to change the inclination of your torso, which is sometimes necessary for eating, watching TV, and simply for relaxing from prolonged lying down.

Materials:

1. Two sheets of plywood (900x800x10 mm)

2. One sheet of plywood (860x520x5mm) (support stand)

3. Plywood strips (860x40x5 mm) – 4 pcs.

4. Thirty-six 12mm nails.

5. Four hinges.

6. Self-tapping screws for attaching hinges.

7. Wood glue.

8. Sandpaper.

9. Furniture clear varnish.

Tools:

1. Electric drill

2. Grinding machine.

4. Roulette

5. Hammer

6. Screwdriver

Manufacturing sequence:

1. Prepared plywood sheets are sanded, carefully processing sharp edges and edges.

2. Make markings for the hinges. Mark the centers of the holes with a pencil, and then drill blind holes for screws. The drill is taken smaller than the diameter of the self-tapping screw. Screw on the hinges.

3. Fix the support stand on the hinges.

4. The plywood strip is smeared on one side with glue and applied to the surface inside plywood sheet closer to its edge and nailed with nine nails. The next three strips are attached in the same way, placing them at a distance of approximately 70 mm from each other.

Then you should make sure that the product functions in four positions.

Finally, the product is coated with two layers of varnish.

A folding back support is placed under a thin mattress.

The following product is for bedridden patients - mobile folding side table. It is convenient for eating, and will also allow the sick person to have a place to study during the rehabilitation process.

You can make a table according to the drawings given here.

15mm plywood is suitable for making a table. The dimensions of all parts (in cm) are shown in the figure. The table can be easily moved furniture casters and folds into a bedside table.

The patient has to lead a recumbent lifestyle for weeks, and sometimes months. In such a situation, it seems that time has slowed down. To maintain his emotional state in good shape, a person must receive positive information not only when communicating with relatives and friends, but also when watching TV shows. In this case, you should do TV stand.

A convenient and easy-to-make TV stand is installed on the headboard of the bed. If desired, it can easily move along the headboard or, if necessary, be removed. All dimensions are shown in the picture (in cm).

Sources: http://www.instructables.com

Selber machen No. 5 2001

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Caring for bedridden patients is a complex and lengthy process. Modern medical equipment, which significantly alleviates the suffering of the patient and the work of his loved ones, is becoming increasingly accessible for use at home. Various devices for bedridden patients sometimes become indispensable to ensure comfortable conditions and rehabilitation opportunities. Many of these devices can be made independently at home.

Types of devices for bedridden patients

Auxiliary equipment can be useful at any stage of treatment - for caring for a seriously ill patient, providing comfortable conditions for his life, or during the rehabilitation process for a speedy recovery. Devices for caring for bedridden patients at home are freely available; they can be purchased and easily installed in any room.

The main types of assistive devices for caring for bedridden patients:

, the shape of which can be changed depending on the needs of the patient.
Additional devices: head restraints, restraints, handrails that are necessary to create a safe environment.
Equipment for hygiene activities: sheet baths, inflatable baths.
Mobile chairs.
Lifts for moving patients.
Exercise machines and tools that are used during rehabilitation.

Beds

It is important to note that it should be exactly, only the designs of such samples can change the angle of inclination, height and other parameters. This greatly simplifies the work of caring for the patient, and also reduces recovery time.

Types of functional beds:

Depending on the number of adjustable sections, there are 2, 3 and 4-section beds. This way the head, hip and leg sections can be adjusted.
Depending on the method of regulation, mechanical and electrical types functional beds.
There are also simple stocks and equipped bedside tables, side grilles, wheels and other “devices”.

It is worth paying attention to a special subtype of medical beds - equipped. This perfect solution for patients who are unable to get up to relieve their physiological needs. This design greatly facilitates the process of caring for a bedridden patient, since he does not need to be disturbed once again in order to prop him up or pull him out of bed to go to the hospital.

Note! You should install a few more devices near your bed, such as a humidifier or a salt lamp. This is an excellent disease prevention respiratory system, in particular, a disease that often develops in bedridden patients.

Worth your time Special attention and what exactly to cover this one with. The table shows all the items that should be present in the bed of a bedridden patient.

Item	Purpose
Flannel sheet	For warmth and protection of the mattress from dirt
Waterproof diaper	To protect the mattress and sheets
Diaper	To cover the waterproof pad
Two pillows	For back and head support
Two small pillows	To support the head and back of the head

Bed accessories

During treatment and rehabilitation, a bedridden patient may need various devices. So, a pull-up bar will be useful. With its help, the patient will be able to independently take a sitting position, develop arm muscles, and learn to gradually stand up.

Another necessary device is a headrest. This is a back and neck support that is installed on regular beds to make it possible. This reduces the need to disturb the patient to change positions before feeding.

Anti-decubitus mattresses

For bedridden patients this is an indispensable remedy. It greatly facilitates the work of people caring for bedridden patients, since the prevention of bedsores with such a mattress becomes many times more effective. Such mattresses have built-in vibration sources, the operation of which is regulated using the dashboard.

Important! Even if the installation medical bed for some reason is impossible, you must definitely purchase. This problem is much easier to prevent than to solve. Treatment of bedsores is long and difficult process.

The mattress is selected taking into account several parameters: the patient’s weight, the condition of his skin, the predicted time of stay in bed. In addition to the mattress, you can pay attention to anti-bedsore pads. They are placed under the parts of the body that undergo the greatest pressure: feet, sacrum, shoulder blades, back of the head. There are also special pillows with anti-decubitus effect.

To avoid soiling your mattress, it is advisable to purchase a waterproof mattress cover. It goes better with such a mattress than a regular sheet, moreover, it is easy to use and does not require washing after each stain; you just need to wipe it with hot water.

Devices for washing patients

Hygiene for bedridden patients often becomes a problematic issue in care. It is very difficult to wash a person whose mobility is extremely limited, and unnecessary anxiety can be harmful. What also adds to the complexity is that such patients often fulfill their physiological needs right in bed. Consequently, hygiene procedures have to be carried out frequently.

The inflatable bathtub is as easy to use and compact as a sheet bathtub. But it requires a mechanical pump for inflation.

Devices for getting out of bed

therapeutic arc - a U-shaped support that is installed above the bed; various belts, ropes, ladders can be hung on it;
the sides can perform 2 functions - they prevent falls and allow you to rest your hands on them;
pull-up rack.

To facilitate the rehabilitation of the patient, you can resort to various techniques. Analogs of gymnastic rings are installed above the bed, Swedish wall, hang various belts - everything that the patient can grab onto and pull himself up.

Rehabilitation devices

The recovery period for many diseases requires a long stay in bed and additional activities in order to regain former skills. They will help with this special devices for the rehabilitation of bedridden patients. During the rehabilitation period, patients who have suffered brain injuries or seriously injured people are forced to develop muscles, restore motor skills in their fingers, and learn to walk again. Various devices will help with this, which can be purchased at a specialized store or constructed with your own hands.

Professional equipment for bedridden patients at home is offered by the following companies:

Artromot;
CefarCompex;
Joyce.

Rehabilitation simulators have different kind. Typically this is simple design, which sets the patient the task of moving elements. It shouldn't contain small parts, since the motor skills of such patients are poorly developed. An excellent example serves as a simulator for threading rope through large wood beads(the size of a tennis ball) or wooden block with notches between which objects need to be moved.

Important! Rehabilitation is a complex process. The exercises must be performed daily, and the first results may not appear immediately. This stage of treatment should not be neglected. It is imperative to provide the patient with exercise equipment to restore motor functions.

The CefarCompex company offers the use of myostimulators - devices that, with the help of electric charges weak power stimulates muscles to contract. They allow passive training even for bedridden patients.

The Rejoyce device is designed to restore fine motor skills of the fingers.

DIY devices for bedridden patients

The described devices for caring for bedridden patients are very useful, but also quite expensive. You don't always have to spend a lot of money to ensure comfort to a loved one. If you have time and a couple skillful hands, you can make your own devices for bedridden patients at home.

For example, a patient needs to take a semi-sitting position in order to eat or for prevention in people with heart disease, or simply to relax, watch TV, or communicate with family. In this case, you can come to the rescue simplest support under the back for bedridden patients with your own hands.

To make a support you will need a set of some materials, namely:

Three sheets of plywood 10 mm thick - two 1000x1000 and one 860x520 (of course, dimensions in mm);
Several (for example, 3-5 pcs.) strips of the same plywood for making stops;
Two sets (total 4 pieces) door hinges or two large piano hinges (500-800mm);
Wood glue;

The design is the simplest - two meter sheets are fastened on one side with hinges. It is better to attach the hinges to self-tapping screws with a countersunk head. The third is a “spacer” between the resulting “book” of two meter sheets. This “spacer” rests on the joints with the glued strips. The structure is visible in the attached photo.

Naturally, before assembly, the plywood can and should be sanded and, for the sake of aesthetics, can be covered with stain, varnish or other chemical compositions at the request of the craftsman. The overall assembly and operation process is shown in the photo below.

You can come up with many more different homemade devices for the convenience of a bedridden patient, but a lot depends on the tasks, the interior and the need for one or another design.

Video

There are many types of sanitary devices to increase the comfort of life for a disabled person. Each of them helps you feel more confident, some of them are simply necessary. All types sanitary equipment for disabled people are presented below.

Chair toilets

Wheelchair with built-in toilet device.
Toilet chair with folding handrails (armrests).
Folding toilet chair on wheels.
Toilet chair for heavy people.

When choosing such sanitary equipment for bedridden patients and disabled people, pay attention to the modification of the chair, and additional options which can increase ease of use. For example, folding handrails, which serve as armrests, greatly simplify the use of the chair in some situations when you need to transfer from a bed to a chair. Telescopic legs, which are present on some models of chairs, allow you to adjust the height of the seat; this option also helps the patient easier to transfer to the chair. Also, all chairs have splash protection and a removable basin, which allows you to use the chair with a regular toilet or bucket.

Toilet nozzles

For a disabled person, an elderly person, or a frail person due to illness, such seemingly simple procedures as going to the toilet become a difficult task. A sanitary device such as a toilet attachment will greatly simplify visiting the toilet for a disabled person. It increases the height of the toilet from 12 to 18cm and comes in two types:

Toilet head with grab bars.
Nozzle without handrails.

All of them are made of easy-to-clean hygienic plastic, have splash protection and are suitable for toilets of any shape.

Bathroom sanitary equipment

Bathroom sanitary equipment is divided according to purpose into the following categories:

Handrails for mounting directly on the bathroom, and for mounting on the wall in any convenient place.
Chairs, various modifications.
Seats with various options.
Auxiliary steps.
Lifts.
Sanitary facilities for protecting legs (with bandages applied) from water.

Dry toilets

A dry toilet is a small portable toilet, weighing less than 4 kg. Very convenient for use both outdoors and at home. Its advantages lie in its design, which is completely similar to a conventional dry closet. Does not allow odor to spread and also has a drain. The basic operating principle of this dry closet consists of two tanks. The upper tank contains water for drainage, and the lower tank for waste water. There is an indicator to determine the filling level of the waste tank.

Vessels, urinals and other sanitary equipment

Vessels and urinals do not have large distinctive features, so you just have to choose the one that suits your gender (for a man or a woman. Also in this category you can find equipment such as rubber heating pads, an ice pack, containers for taking tests, a sippy cup for bedridden patients, etc.

22.06.2015

Devices for helping people with disabilities at home

Out of reach zone

While we are young and healthy, out of habit we do many things automatically: we get out of bed, tie our shoelaces, take out a book from the top shelf... We don’t think about the fact that a cup of tea on the table, a meter from the bed of a bedridden patient, is in the zone out of reach. To turn on the light in the room, a wheelchair user needs to reach the switch, which can be placed at human height. In people with disabilities Such problems occur every minute in everyday life.