home · Appliances · What kind of inflorescence does a narcissus have? Narcissus flower - Narcissus angustifolia plant of the Red Book. Varieties of the Trindruss class of daffodils

What kind of inflorescence does a narcissus have? Narcissus flower - Narcissus angustifolia plant of the Red Book. Varieties of the Trindruss class of daffodils

Narcissus is the scientific name of Narcissus L. It is also called Narcissus poeticus. The very name of this flower comes from the word ‘narkao’. This Greek word denotes stupefaction and stupefaction. The flower received this name because of its intoxicating aroma or the poisonous characteristics of the bulbs, known for a very long time. The second word in the name poeticus (poetic) shows the popularity of this plant among poets of all times and peoples. This flower is very popular in literature, second only to the rose.
The genus Narcissus includes forty species that are part of the Amaryllis family. There is a culture a large number of hybrid forms and 25 species.
This plant is a bulbous perennial. The leaves have green, they are linear and basal. Flowers are usually either included in racemes or arranged singly. They are large in size. The flowers can be double or simple, slightly drooping, with a stupefying aroma.
The crown (crown) of a flower is created by outgrowths of the perianth segments. This part can be cup-shaped, bell-shaped or tubular, the most different lengths, and usually differs from the perianth lobes in color.
The fruit of the flower is a fleshy capsule. The plant blooms in May-June. The seeds are angular or round, there are many of them. The bulbs can be round in shape, ovoid or flask-shaped, with the presence of two renewal buds.

Habitat

Daffodils can be found in Japan, China, Northern and Central Europe, on the rocky and wooded slopes of the hills of Southern Europe, the Caucasus and the Mediterranean. Some types of plants are driven out in winter to decorate rooms and are part of the spring decoration of cottages.
In Russia you can find Narcissus angustifolia.

Chemical composition

Roots, leaves, inflorescences, and bulbs contain fatty acids, mucus, lipids, alkaloids, triterpenes, flavonoids, and tannins. The bulb, leaves and shoots contain mucus, which can negatively affect allergy sufferers, causing redness of exposed skin on the hands. IN different types Daffodils contain alkaloids that can cause various degrees of poisoning in animals.

Medicinal properties and uses of narcissus

Scientists from Japan in 1971 determined that narcissus alkaloids can be used to treat certain types of leukemia. Animals suffering from Rausch leukemia could live longer in this case.
Hippocrates once used medicines from plants of the amaryllis family, trying to cure malignant tumors.
Among the alkaloids, lycorine and galantamine were isolated.
Use of galantamine: polyneuritis, muscle atrophy, radiculitis, consequences of polio.

The beneficial properties of lycorin make it possible to use this alkaloid as an expectorant to alleviate the condition of patients suffering from acute and chronic inflammation of the lungs and bronchi with copious amounts of sputum.

IN folk medicine medicinal features This flower was used to treat male infertility. IN Ancient Greece created a healing oil with a pleasant aroma to increase sexual desire.
The beneficial properties of daffodils allow them to be used as a wound healing and pain reliever. In the East, the leaves of the plant became an excellent remedy for pain in the knee joints and head, as well as from sciatic nerve disease and hemorrhoids.
The use of this by women made it possible to avoid the appearance of tumors and mastitis. To do this, they washed the chest with the infusion. Crushed leaves are suitable for healing wounds.
And now herbalists recommend a decoction of the root to cure inflammation of the prostate and adenoma, as well as male infertility.
Narcissus oil is useful for relaxation and heals nerves. The root is used for pain in the area of ​​joints and nerve tumors. Essential oil allows you to get rid of cold and hard tumors in the abdominal cavity.
The plant is used for pain in the bladder and uterus.

Contraindications

The oil from this plant should not be used by pregnant women and children. Before use, you should test for allergies and individual intolerances.

Collection and preparation
Bulbs and flowers are harvested in July.

Recipes

  • The dry grass is crushed, then infused with vodka for 10 days. The ratio should be 1:10. After this, you need to strain and take 3-10 drops 3-4 times a day to treat vomiting, diarrhea, cough, bronchial catarrh, bronchitis. Helps with whooping cough and headaches.
  • An infusion of the roots helps with mastitis. To make it, you need to take a medium-sized onion and pour boiling water (half a liter) over it. Leave for 60-70 minutes.

Astrakhan tomatoes ripen remarkably well lying on the ground, but this experience should not be repeated in the Moscow region. Our tomatoes need support, support, garter. My neighbors use all sorts of stakes, tie-downs, loops, ready-made plant supports and mesh fencing. Each method of fixing a plant in vertical position has its merits and " side effects" I'll tell you how I place tomato bushes on trellises and what comes out of it.

Flies are a sign of unsanitary conditions and vectors infectious diseases, dangerous for both people and animals. People are constantly looking for ways to get rid of unpleasant insects. In this article we will talk about the Zlobny TED brand, which specializes in fly repellents and knows a lot about them. The manufacturer has developed a specialized line of products to get rid of flying insects anywhere quickly, safely and at no extra cost.

The summer months are the time for hydrangeas to bloom. This beautiful deciduous shrub produces luxuriously fragrant flowers from June to September. Florists readily use large inflorescences for wedding decorations and bouquets. To admire the beauty flowering bush hydrangeas in your garden, you should take care of the proper conditions for it. Unfortunately, some hydrangeas do not bloom year after year, despite the care and efforts of gardeners. We will explain why this happens in the article.

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Spicy pickled watermelon is a savory appetizer for fatty meat. Watermelons and watermelon rinds They have been pickling since time immemorial, but this process is labor-intensive and time-consuming. According to my recipe, you can simply prepare pickled watermelon in 10 minutes, and by the evening the spicy appetizer will be ready. Watermelon marinated with spices and chili can be stored in the refrigerator for several days. Be sure to keep the jar in the refrigerator, not only for the sake of safety - when chilled, this snack is simply licking your fingers!

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Thick chickpea soup with vegetables and egg is a simple recipe for a hearty first course, inspired by oriental cuisine. Similar thick soups are prepared in India, Morocco, and other countries South-East Asia. The tone is set by spices and seasonings - garlic, chili, ginger and a bouquet of spicy spices, which can be assembled to your taste. It is better to fry vegetables and spices in clarified butter (ghee) or mix olive oil and butter, it's certainly not the same, but it tastes similar.

Plum - well, who isn’t familiar with it?! She is loved by many gardeners. And all because it has an impressive list of varieties, it’s surprising excellent harvests, pleases with its diversity in terms of ripening and a huge selection of color, shape and taste of fruits. Yes, in some places it feels better, in others it feels worse, but almost no summer resident gives up the pleasure of growing it on his plot. Today it can be found not only in the south, in middle lane, but also in the Urals and Siberia.

Many decorative and fruit crops, except for drought-resistant ones, suffer from the scorching sun, and conifers in the winter-spring period - from sun rays, enhanced by reflection from the snow. In this article we will tell you about a unique preparation for protecting plants from sunburn and drought - Sunshet Agrosuccess. The problem is relevant for most regions of Russia. In February and early March, the sun's rays become more active, and the plants are not yet ready for new conditions.

“Every vegetable has its time,” and every plant has its optimal time for landing. Anyone who has dealt with planting is well aware that the hot season for planting is spring and autumn. This is due to several factors: in the spring the plants have not yet begun to grow rapidly, there is no sweltering heat and precipitation often falls. However, no matter how hard we try, circumstances often develop such that planting has to be carried out in the midst of summer.

Chili con carne translated from Spanish- chili with meat. This is a Texas and Mexican dish whose main ingredients are chili peppers and shredded beef. In addition to the main products there are onions, carrots, tomatoes, and beans. This red lentil chili recipe is delicious! The dish is fiery, scalding, very filling and amazingly tasty! You can make a big pot, put it in containers and freeze - you'll have a delicious dinner for a whole week.

Cucumber is one of my favorites garden crops our summer residents. However, not all and not always gardeners manage to really get good harvest. And although growing cucumbers requires regular attention and care, there is little secret, which will significantly increase their productivity. We are talking about pinching cucumbers. Why, how and when to pinch cucumbers, we will tell you in the article. An important point agricultural technology of cucumbers is their formation, or type of growth.

Now every gardener has the opportunity to grow absolutely environmentally friendly, healthy fruits and vegetables in their own garden. Atlant microbiological fertilizer will help with this. It contains helper bacteria that settle in the root system area and begin to work for the benefit of the plant, allowing it to actively grow, remain healthy and produce high yields. Typically, many microorganisms coexist around the root system of plants.

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A bulbous plant 20-40 cm high. It flaunts on a slender 2-sided stem large flower with a long cylindrical tube, a 6-part snow-white limb of the corolla and a yellowish corolla. The leaves are linear, very narrow, bluish-green. Blooms in May - June. Grows in mountain meadows, in the foothills of the Carpathians and in the Carpathian region. Very rare.
The international name of the genus comes from the name of the hero Greek mythology handsome Narcissus.
The flower is very beautiful, delicate, with a subtle scent. Many legends, myths, and fairy tales have been created about him. One legend says: Narcissus, exhausted from the hunt, bent over the source to quench his thirst, and saw his reflection in its mirror water. Struck by his own beauty, he is unable to tear himself away from this contemplation. And so he died. And while his sisters, sobbing, prepared Narcissus for his last journey, the body of the beautiful young man disappeared, and in its place grew a tender, fragrant flower filled with sad beauty.

In Ukraine, this is the only wild growing extremely rare view of this kind. Only in one place in the Carpathians, in the vicinity of the village of Kireshi, near Khust, significant thickets of narcissus angustifolia have been preserved. This place with an area of ​​15 hectares is called the Valley of Narcissus, which is declared a natural monument. Narcissus is subject to protection, listed in

Belongs to the genus of perennial bulbous herbs of the amaryllis family. The homeland of daffodils is southern Europe, the Mediterranean countries (in particular Spain, Portugal). There are several dozen species (according to some sources -30, according to others -60). Narcissus, like crocus, tulip, and hyacinth, is an early-blooming flower.

Detailed botanical description Narcissa can be found in books on bulbous plants. Here we present brief description this plant. The leaves of daffodils are basal, linear, dark green, and depending on the variety they can be of different lengths and widths. According to the structure, the narcissus flower consists of a tubular perianth with six lobes (double varieties have many lobes), inside the perianth there is a crown, inside the crown there are six stamens. The bulbs are elongated, pear-shaped and covered with dense brown skin. Characteristic feature daffodil bulbs is the presence of two renewal buds. The roots growing from the bottom of the bulb develop most intensively in the fall and die off annually. Daffodil flowers They can be simple or double, sitting on leafless peduncles covered with a film. The flowering of daffodils begins in the first half of May and ends in June. Due to the fact that there are no leaves on the flower stalks, cutting daffodils for a bouquet does not harm them. The bulbs do not suffer when flowers are cut.

A great variety of narcissus flowers is given by the shape, size and color of the crown (white, yellow or two-color). Breeders willingly work with the narcissus flower. Thanks to their efforts, there are now varieties of one-color, two-color, flowers with a pink crown are very beautiful, but the yellow and white daffodil remain the most beloved. Photos of daffodils often placed on greeting cards, especially for the spring holidays: Easter, March 8, May 1 and 9.

The narcissus flower has been known in many countries for a long time. In Greece, the narcissus is a symbol of narcissism and early death(the legend of the young man Narcissus, who died of love for his reflection), in China - narcissus is a symbol of good luck and wealth in the New Year, in Japan - a symbol of purity. The daffodil flower is especially popular in the British Isles, where meadows of wild daffodils bloom in early spring. Residents of Great Britain are famous admirers of various flowers and each part of this country has its own flower symbol: England - the rose, Ireland - the shamrock, Scotland - the thistle, and Wales - the daffodil (along with the leek).

Filmmakers also paid attention to the narcissus flower. In 1947, a film called Black Narcissus was released in the United States.

In the CIS countries, the only wild daffodil is the narcissus angustifolia, which grows in the Carpathians. Every year in the first half of May, when daffodils bloom, thousands of tourists come to Ukraine (Khust, Transcarpathian region) to admire the valley of daffodils - the largest field of wild daffodils in Europe. There are also smaller fields in the Alps, in the mountains of Romania, in the Balkans and in the UK.

NARCISSUS. VARIETIES

In open ground cultivation and when growing daffodils at home, varieties are used that are obtained by hybridizing many types of wild daffodils. Currently, all varieties of daffodils are divided into approximately a dozen groups. The most famous groups of narcissists:

— Tubular daffodils. The flowers are solitary and large. The tubular crown is similar to a bell, equal to or longer than the perianth lobes. The color of the flowers is monochromatic white or yellow, maybe two-color. Well-known varieties of this group: Mount Hood - pure white, early; Birsheba – white with a very long tube; Gold Medal – yellow, low; King Alfred - deep yellow, tube with a beautiful crimped edge.

— Large-crowned daffodils. The flowers are large, white, cream, yellow, orange; crown cup-shaped or tube-shaped; somewhat shorter than the perianth. Varieties: Helios - dark yellow with an orange crown, La Argentina - white with a yellow crown.

— Small-crowned daffodils. The crown is significantly shorter than the perianth segments. Varieties: Arguros - snow-white perianth with a slightly greenish center, Kansas - white with a cream crown, Verger - white with a dark red crown.

— Terry daffodils. The perianth consists of many lobes. Varieties: Golden Dukat – deeply double bright yellow; Inglescombe, Texas - pale yellow flowers, Snowball - white.

— Poetic daffodils. They have single white flowers with a small, flat, brightly colored crown. Varieties: Actea - orange crown inside a large white flower, Queen - large snow-white flower with a bright red crown, Milan is a tall white daffodil with a dark green eye.

For forcing daffodils in a pot at home, small-flowered tazetta daffodils, which produce whole bouquets of white flowers, are better suited. yellow color or with a two-color crown.

You can buy daffodil bulbs in almost any flower shop, there are many offers on the Internet.

NARCISSUS. LANDING.

Narcissists are not picky when choosing a location. They prefer an open sunny place, but also grow well in partial shade. They can be planted near trees and shrubs, but it is advisable to protect them from strong winds.

Daffodils grow well in any cultivated soil. On heavy clay soils add sand, peat, and lightly add turf soil and humus. Acidic soils need to be limed. Like most bulbous plants, narcissus does not tolerate stagnant moisture in the soil; this must be taken into account when choosing a place for planting.

Usually, daffodils are planted in mid-September, early October, so that the bulb has time to take root before the onset of cold weather. Narcissus bulbs take approximately 20 days to take root. At spring planting Rooting is worse, the plant develops poorly and there is usually no flowering this season.

The standard planting depth is equal to 2-3 bulb diameters (10-15 cm). On heavy soils they plant shallower, on light soils they plant deeper. The distance between plants is approximately 10 cm. The distance between rows is 20-25 cm.

Daffodils are planted before the onset of cold weather, so that the bulbs have time to grow roots and take root. The bulbs take root in about a month. If the cold weather comes unexpectedly early or the winter is expected to be very cold, it is advisable to cover the sowing of daffodils with a layer of leaves of at least 10 cm.

NARCISSUS. CARE.

Caring for daffodils begins in early spring, when it is necessary to review overwintered plants and remove weak and diseased ones. During the period of growth and flowering, the soil under the daffodils must be regularly loosened, weeded, and watered regularly.

The soil for planting should be prepared in advance and the main fertilizer should be applied at the same time. The best fertilizer for daffodils it is decomposed humus or compost soil (8-10 kg per 1 sq. m.). It’s a good idea to add a handful of bone meal under each bulb, which will supply phosphorus for intensive formation and nutrition of the roots. When digging again, phosphorus fertilizers are also applied in the form of bone meal or superphosphate (60 g per 1 sq. m.).

When growing daffodils, it is necessary to take into account the nutritional requirements of these flowers. At proper care Daffodils are fed several times during the season. In order for fertilizers to be better absorbed, the first fertilizing is done when the snow has not yet melted. At this time, complete fertilizer with a high nitrogen content is applied and in equal parts phosphorus and potassium (NPK) in a ratio of 2:1:1. Amount of fertilizer per 1 sq. m. – 100g. Before flowering begins, a second fertilizing is carried out in the same amount, but with an increased phosphorus content, proportions (NPK) 1: 2: 1. The third feeding occurs during the flowering period, applied in smaller quantities (30 g per 1 sq.m.), the ratio of phosphorus and potassium (PK) is 1:1.

A bouquet of daffodils looks very impressive, which is why these flowers are often grown for sale for the spring holidays. Experience in growing daffodils for cutting shows that cutting does not affect the development of the bulbs, and if we want to get high-quality planting material for forcing, then cutting flowers is even useful. It is especially important in this case to prevent the seed pods from ripening.

Daffodil bulbs develop slowly. Full development occurs only in the third year; the most intense flowering occurs at the same time, so it is not recommended to dig up daffodils earlier than three years after planting. In one place, daffodils grow well for 3-5 years and do not need frequent replanting.

If necessary, you can dig up daffodil bulbs when the leaves turn completely yellow and dry. The dug up bulbs are laid out in one row to dry in the shade or in a room with a temperature of at least +20 degrees C. Before storing, daffodil bulbs are cleaned, inspected, and any unfavorable ones are removed. If daughter bulbs are found, they should not be torn off from the mother bulbs. This can lead to illness. The kids will separate themselves when the time comes. The bulbs are stored until planting at a temperature of 16-18 degrees C.

FORCING narcissus.

Forcing is a floriculture technique when flower crops conditions are created under which they bloom at unusual times. Daffodils are among those flowers that can be successfully forced, as in a greenhouse (where you can create best conditions), and in open ground or in a pot at home. Early flowering varieties are best suited for forcing.

Bulbs intended for forcing must go through several periods of storage. First, the bulbs are dried for two weeks after digging at high temperatures(up to +30 degrees C.), then the temperature is reduced to +17 degrees C. and keep the bulbs at this temperature for three weeks, after which they are cooled to + 9 degrees C. The humidity in the room should be high (80-85%). In such conditions, the bulbs are stored until planting.

Suitable as soil for forcing daffodils garden soil, mixed with sand or sawdust.

A month before the desired date for receiving flowers, the bulbs are planted in boxes or in the soil of the greenhouse. You can plant the bulbs quite tightly, but so that the bulbs do not touch each other or the walls of the box or pot. Top part The bulbs must remain on the surface. The seedlings are kept at a temperature of +9 degrees C. and humidity close to 100% for about a week, after which the temperature is raised to +17 degrees. If the temperature is higher, it will stretch the plants and flowering will be too fast. If you lower the temperature at the beginning of flowering, you can achieve an increase in flowering time.

With another method of forcing, the bulbs are stored at a temperature of +17 degrees all the time until planting. Then they are planted in boxes or pots with sand. Install in a dark room with a temperature of 5-9 degrees C and humidity close to 100%. This period lasts 2-3 months and, usually, by this time the shoots reach 3-5 cm, after which the plants are moved to a bright room with a temperature of +15-17 degrees and a humidity of approximately 50%. After two weeks, the daffodils bloom. When flowering begins, it is advisable to reduce the temperature in the room with daffodils to +10 degrees C. This will prolong flowering.

NARCISSUS IN A POT.

Get indoor daffodil in a pot is not difficult. Growing daffodils at home has its own characteristics. Almost all varieties of daffodils are suitable for forcing, but depending on the time when they want to get flowers, they take either early-flowering or late-flowering plants.

For forcing, take large (weighing at least 60g), healthy, mature bulbs. The container for home daffodils must be at least 10cm high. Soil is poured into the pot and the bulbs are planted so that at least one third of the height of the bulbs is on the surface, the soil is crushed and watered. This should be followed by a resting phase. During this time, seedlings should be kept in complete darkness at a temperature + 5-7 degrees. Such conditions can be created by burying the pots in the garden under a 10 cm layer of peat, placing them in a cold basement, garage or on the bottom shelf of a home refrigerator, after placing them in a dark bag. This stage ends with the appearance of sprouts. Now it is advisable to move the plants into a room with a temperature of about +10 degrees in a well-lit place, but without direct sunlight. When the buds appear, it is advisable to increase the temperature to +18-20 degrees. Further care caring for daffodils at home comes down to timely watering, installing supports when high altitude flower.

After the daffodil has finished blooming, do not throw it away. You need to cut off faded flowers, continue to water, apply fertilizer and wait for the leaves to dry out. After this, the bulbs are dug up, dried and stored. For forcing to next year these bulbs are not suitable, but planted in the garden in the fall, the bulbs will take root, gain strength, and bloom.

NARCISSUS. DISEASES. PESTS.

Most often, diseases are brought through poor-quality planting material. Be careful when purchasing and sorting bulbs when transplanting daffodils.

Daffodils are affected by fungi and viruses. Fungi cause diseases such as gray rot, spotting, sclerotial rot, and fusarium. The development of these diseases is facilitated by high humidity(especially at low or too high air temperatures), lack of lighting, excessive nitrogen nutrition. To prevent fungal diseases of daffodils, the bulbs must be treated with fungicides before storing and not disturbed during storage. temperature regime. Immediately before planting, daffodil bulbs are pickled by soaking them for 30 minutes in a 0.1-0.2% solution of foundationazole or another systemic preparation.

Viral diseases in daffodils include white and yellow stripe and stem nematode. The most effective method combating viral diseases is the timely detection, removal and destruction of diseased plants. Careful culling of diseased bulbs, changing crops with growing marigolds, steaming the bulbs three weeks after digging in hot water(45 degrees) for 2-4 hours. Soil treatment with carbation.