Growing miniature Japanese cherry bonsai. Secrets of successfully growing sakura in the middle zone How many weeks do sakura grow YouTube

Sakura is the common name for certain types of cherry trees. Their harvest is meager, but during flowering the plants amaze with their beauty. A guest from Japan can be grown from seeds in domestic gardens. A home tree can be the size of an ordinary sakura or be a copy of it several tens of centimeters high. Gardeners share their experiences, photos and video recommendations on how to avoid mistakes and successfully go through the long journey of growing a tree.

Sakura from seeds: preparation for planting

The basis for growing any crop is high-quality seed material. Sakura seeds can be bought in specialized retail outlets. Seed germination is poor - no more than 20%. On this score, gardeners advise:

buy more material;
use products different manufacturers to determine who has better quality.

Sakura seeds

The process of planting a tree requires the following actions:

Perform stratification. For seeds, you should imitate natural winter weather. To do this, put them in a bag of wet sand and place them in the warmest compartment of the refrigerator. At a temperature of +4...+5 °C the material should be stored for at least 2-3 months.
A couple of days before planting, soak the seeds for a day in lukewarm water.
To help seedlings break through the seed coat, scratch or pierce the outer layer mechanically.

Sakura seeds are planted in calcined or otherwise disinfected coarse sand. This substrate is most suitable for germinating seeds and, in addition, will protect the crop from diseases. An alternative to sand is moss or vermiculite. Use a wide and shallow container as a pot. Be sure to have drainage holes.

How to plant and pick sakura at home

Proper planting is half the success of future sakura growing:

treat the seeds with a fungicide;
moisten the substrate;
deepen the seeds half a centimeter into the grooves made (there should be at least 3 cm between them);
cover the planting with a thin layer of fine-grained sand;
cover the pot with film or glass;
leave at a temperature of +5…10 °C.

Seedlings should appear in 1.5-2 weeks. Until this point, care consists of keeping the top layer of soil moist, providing plenty of light, and gradually raising the temperature to room temperature. When shoots appear, plant them in separate pots. The distance between seeded seedlings should not be more than 10 cm if you move them to a new common container.

Sakura blossom

Picking is an important condition for the normal development of sakura. Repeated transplants help strengthen the root system. Sakura seedlings are left untouched only in the cold season. They are placed in a cool, shaded room until spring. The key point in picking grown seedlings is the selection of new pots. The gardener has two options:

leave the crop to grow in a cramped container and form a bonsai version of the tree;
move it to deeper and wider pots and prepare the tree for the garden.

Features of tree care

Sakura varieties have many differences in cultivation techniques. To grow bonsai sakura, the roots are shortened every season, and horizontal cuts are made on the bark, right on the trunk. For garden tree these methods are irrelevant - you form a seedling in a room and then transplant it into open ground.

The rules for caring for a specific variety differ. common feature- trees are capricious and require daily attention. The tree needs soil enriched with humus, potassium, and nitrogen. During the season, sakura is watered with half a glass per day, in winter - less often. It is important for the plant good lighting and lack of drafts.

Sakura bonsai

The secret of the beauty of sakura is not only in large and abundant flowers, but also in the aristocratically built crown. It can be formed starting from 2-3 years of age of the plant. In the natural and miniature versions, the branches are arranged according to the same pattern. The crown may imply a straight trunk, a bend in the spirit of centuries-old Japanese cherry blossoms or widely spread branches.

Advice. To create a wide crown, prune the main shoot when you think it is tall enough. You can also trim the side shoots to correct their direction.

How to prune bonsai sakura correctly

To grow miniature crops, experts use various tricks and techniques. The goal is to make even a young tree look like a hundred-year-old tree. For this:

Expose some of the roots by removing a small layer at the base of the trunk. It should be thick. To do this, regularly remove all vertically growing shoots.
The barrel should not be too long. Cut off part of the root at its base. When replanting, deepen the cutting area into the ground. Over time, new roots will grow on it. Then the tree can be picked again, removing the old rhizome.
The heaviest branch of the tree will be the bottom one. Which shoot to leave for its formation - decide based on the compositional idea.
For a broom-shaped crown, prune vertically growing branches as much as possible. For vertical - on the contrary, protect vertical branches. In this case, only horizontal ones are cut.

The bonsai tree needs all these manipulations constantly. Otherwise it will lose its shape. The gardener's goal is to maximize the decorative effect of sakura. If you adhere to cultivation technology, provide the plant with a little care and attention every day, then the Japanese guest will delight you with lush, large and bright color every spring.

Growing bonsai: video

Sakura from seeds: preparation for planting

The basis for growing any crop is high-quality seed material. Sakura seeds can be bought at specialized retail outlets. Seed germination is poor - no more than 20%. On this score, gardeners advise:

buy more material;
use products from different manufacturers to determine who has better quality.

Sakura seeds

The process of planting a tree requires the following actions:

Perform stratification. For seeds, you should imitate natural winter weather. To do this, put them in a bag of wet sand and place them in the warmest compartment of the refrigerator. At a temperature of +4...+5 °C the material should be stored for at least 2-3 months.
A couple of days before planting, soak the seeds for a day in lukewarm water.
To help seedlings break through the seed coat, scratch or pierce the outer layer mechanically.

How to plant and pick sakura at home

Proper planting is half the success of future sakura growing:

treat the seeds with a fungicide;
moisten the substrate;
deepen the seeds half a centimeter into the grooves made (there should be at least 3 cm between them);
cover the planting with a thin layer of fine-grained sand;
cover the pot with film or glass;
leave at a temperature of +5…10 °C.

Sakura blossom

leave the crop to grow in a cramped container and form a bonsai version of the tree;
move it to deeper and wider pots and prepare the tree for the garden.

Features of tree care

Sakura varieties have many differences in cultivation techniques. To grow bonsai sakura, the roots are shortened every season, and horizontal cuts are made on the bark, right on the trunk. For a garden tree, these methods are irrelevant - you form a seedling in a room, and then transplant it into open ground.

The rules for caring for a specific variety differ. A common feature is that trees are capricious and require daily attention. The tree needs soil enriched with humus, potassium, and nitrogen. During the season, sakura is watered with half a glass per day, in winter - less often. The plant needs good lighting and the absence of drafts.

Sakura bonsai

The secret of the beauty of sakura is not only in large and abundant flowers, but also in the aristocratically built crown. It can be formed starting from 2-3 years of age of the plant. In the natural and miniature versions, the branches are arranged according to the same pattern. The crown can mean a straight trunk, a bend in the spirit of centuries-old Japanese cherry blossoms, or widely spread branches.

Advice. To create a wide crown, prune the main shoot when you think it is tall enough. You can also trim the side shoots to correct their direction.

How to prune bonsai sakura correctly

To grow miniature crops, experts use various tricks and techniques. The goal is to make even a young tree look like a hundred-year-old tree. For this:

Expose some of the roots by removing a small layer at the base of the trunk. It should be thick. To do this, regularly remove all vertically growing shoots.
The barrel should not be too long. Cut off part of the root at its base. When replanting, deepen the cutting area into the ground. Over time, new roots will grow on it. Then the tree can be picked again, removing the old rhizome.
The heaviest branch of the tree will be the bottom one. Which shoot to leave for its formation - decide based on the compositional idea.
For a broom-shaped crown, prune vertically growing branches as much as possible. For vertical - on the contrary, protect vertical branches. In this case, only horizontal ones are cut.

Growing bonsai: video

Sakura - belongs to the tree-like representatives flora from the Plum family. Japan is considered the true homeland of this tree; it is in this country that mass cherry blossoms are observed in the spring, which attracts tourists so much. The flower of the plant has a variety of color shades, from white to dark pink. It is according to these characteristics that sakura are distributed by type. Homemade Japanese sakura is a separate plant variety that is able to grow and reproduce in our climatic conditions.

Many landscape designers More and more often they began to introduce the planting of this particular plant into their projects, because its beauty will not leave even the most inconspicuous area unnoticed. Every gardener wants to have this extraordinary cherry in his garden or country house. Since it is quite difficult to grow a full-fledged homemade sakura from seeds, most people resort to buying ready-made plants. But it is worth noting that Japanese sakura, grown with one’s own hands from seeds in ordinary home conditions, is not a myth, but a reality. In order to fulfill your fantasies or simply surprise your neighbors with a beautiful tree on your apartment balcony, first of all, you need to know the basic rules for growing sakura directly at home.

Preparing to grow sakura from seeds at home

First of all, it should be noted that the method of growing sakura from mature seeds directly at home has its positive aspects:

no need to spend money on buying plant seedlings:
Sakura takes root well, as from the very beginning it adapts to certain environmental conditions.

At minimal cost, sakura, like an extraordinary tree, grown at home will become an unrivaled decoration of a living room or loggia. Growing beautiful sakura from seeds at home involves the use of the following varieties: Amanogawa, Shirofugen, Shirotae, Tai Haku.

The most important point in cultivating plants whose origin is foreign is to adhere to all the basic rules for planting and care from leading botanists and breeders. First of all, you need to know how to properly plant Japanese cherry seeds for growing at home.

Preparation of planting material involves the following steps:

Before planting, seeds are carefully inspected and only whole, undamaged, healthy seeds are selected;
a day before planting, the seeds should be filled with water at room temperature with a small amount of manganese or a certain fungicide.

Important: the so-called process of soaking and disinfection is a very important point, since growing healthy sakura in certain home conditions is quite difficult. Therefore, it is necessary to exclude all possible options for infection of a young, unprotected plant by fungi or mold.

The frequency of planting plays a significant role; it is best to plant sakura from seeds in early spring or early autumn. This way the plant will enter the desired vegetation cycle and will grow up healthy and beautiful. To achieve visible results and get a healthy plant, you must adhere to the rules of planting seeds and seedlings.

How to properly plant sakura seeds at home

For planting, use seeds collected from the plant after the flowers have dried; the storage time of planting material should not exceed 1 year;
it is necessary to plant 2 times more seeds than plants are needed, since there is a certain percentage of seedlings rising;
be sure to provide protection from direct sunlight;
adhere to the planting interval between seeds: for large seeds it is 5-7 cm, for small ones it is 2-3 cm.

By following the rules and using quality planting material, in just a couple of months you will be able to see young shoots, which will eventually need to be transplanted to a certain place on the site. Sakura, like a wonderful home flower, will feel great on the balcony.

Regardless of the variety and selection, sakura requires planting in a certain soil for normal growth and development of the tree body and further formation of flowers. That is why, when preparing for planting, you need to take into account the fact that the plant is predisposed to coarse-grained sandy soil; this is the kind of soil that should be used.

First of all, you will need to disinfect the soil; this can be done using special preparations or, directly, by roasting in the oven. Thus, they kill all unnecessary bacteria and fungi that can cause harm to both seeds and young plants.

The second very important point is the choice of container for planting. Depending on the desired number of sprouts and taking into account the interval between plantings, you should take a container of appropriate length.

For example: for 6 large seeds you will need a container at least 30 centimeters long.

It should be taken into account that in the early stages of development the root system of sakura is fibrous, the depth of the container should be from 5 to 10 cm.

The container is filled with soil, it is necessary to have a tray and drainage holes at the bottom for air circulation and moisture. You need to put pebbles or small stones at the bottom of the flowerpot.

Planting Japanese cherry from seeds in apartment home conditions involves the use of compact plastic containers, specially designed for growing seedlings. Such containers fit very compactly on a windowsill or on a cabinet.

Planting seeds:

sowing of seeds is carried out in soil with a humidity of at least 60%;
the bones need to be immersed to a depth of 1-2 centimeters;
The top of the container must be covered with polyethylene to maximize moisture retention and create a certain atmosphere;
watering should be carried out once every 2-3 days, before climbing, water using the soil method, after - only with a tray;
2 months after climbing, the plant can be transplanted into another container for single growth.

At the age of 6 to 9 months, sakura can be planted in open ground.

Feeding sakura from seeds at home and photos of flowers

It is worth knowing that at the time of germination, young cobs use nutrients from their own cotyledons, so fertilizing during planting is excluded, as this can provoke the development of fungi or oversaturate the soil with organic matter, which will ultimately slow down, rather than enhance, the growth and development of the plant.

Feeding with nutrients is carried out in a tray when the tree has reached a height of at least 5 cm, it is at this time that the root system has formed, is able to function properly, and requires additional nutrients.

It is necessary to take into account the fact that sakura requires constant care when growing at home; this applies, first of all, to fertilizing with organic fertilizers in the period before flowering or on time. There is no need to apply fertilizer before entering dormancy.

The state of true peace corresponds to the seasonality and growing season of the plant, that is, with the onset of autumn and winter, sakura seems to fall asleep in order to renew its strength until next spring.

You can see how homemade sakura is grown on the balcony in the photo:

Sakura bonsai grown from seeds at home

Sakura bonsai, grown from seeds in ordinary home conditions, will ideally fit into the interior of a house or apartment. Bonsai should be grown in wide, shallow containers to prevent the root system from growing. During the growth period, when the plant has reached at least 25-30 centimeters, you can begin to form a crown. To do this, it is necessary to cut off the main podium so that the tree develops a wider crown. Unusual crowns can be made by tying the growing branches with wire to create a specific look.

Important: grow a sakura tree in open ground It is quite difficult to grow from seeds in home garden conditions; it is best to use seedlings for further planting on the site.

Planting of seedlings is carried out in the fall; the age of the seedlings should be at least 6 months, and preferably more. The older the seedling, the more resistant it is to environmental factors. Very young seedlings will have to be wrapped for the winter when frost arrives, so as not to lose the plant.

Planting rules are identical to growing from seeds; any type of soil must be mixed with sand for maximum survival rate of the sprout. Do not forget about fertilizer and watering, and also periodically drain the soil around the tree to improve air exchange in the root system. Proper care of sakura will not require much time, the most important thing is to do everything clearly and according to the rules, and the efforts made will give an unsurpassed result.

After the home sakura surprises you with its first flowers, you can collect seeds and give advice to your friends on how to properly grow Japanese cherries with your own hands.

Check out the homemade sakura in the photo below:

Sakura bonsai can reach large sizes in natural conditions. With proper care, it will fit in a small pot, while remaining an exact copy of a Japanese cherry. Sakura is a recognized symbol East Asia, the flowering of which is accompanied by national holidays. It is possible to grow a reduced reproduction of such a tree at home, but this process is long and painstaking.

Description of the variety

Bonsai Japanese sakura- decorative tree, which easily takes root in the house. It is resistant to increased indoor air pollution, but requires good lighting and daily watering.

Sakura is valued for its unusual flowers; in bonsai they reach 1 cm in diameter. In nature they are bright pink, but you can buy artificially bred varieties with red, green, purple and other colors. Individual flowers are collected in inflorescences.

How to grow a tree from seeds

Growing bonsai sakura from seeds at home is difficult, but possible. You need to prepare for the process in advance and be patient. In terms of formation time, bonsai is not inferior to ordinary trees, and you can get a full-fledged home garden in 10-20 years, provided daily care.

Sakura bonsai seeds can be purchased in special stores. It is better to take more seeds, because the percentage of their germination and survival rate is quite low. You need to be prepared for the fact that only 1-2 seeds out of 10 will turn into full-fledged trees. There is a certain algorithm for preparing and planting sakura bonsai at home:

The seeds are scarified (pricked) to speed up the germination process. The day before sowing, they should be placed in water at room temperature.
Next, the seeds are placed in slightly moistened soil, deepening by 0.5 - 1 cm.
To germinate, sakura bonsai seeds must undergo stratification, which will imitate natural winter conditions. The container is covered with film and placed in the refrigerator for 2 months.
After this time, the seeds continue to germinate at room temperature and good light, maintaining constant soil moisture.

When the seeds begin to germinate, they need to be planted - transplanted into new soil. If seedlings are placed in a common container, the distance between them should not exceed 10 cm. It is best to plant the plants in separate bonsai pots - special flat pots.

It is worth consulting with the seller on how to grow sakura bonsai from seeds. Different varieties have their own preferences regarding soil, fertilizing or watering regime. Along with the seeds, you need to purchase all the necessary equipment and learn in advance about the rules for caring for dwarf trees.

Bonsai care rules

Those who have managed to grow a full-fledged bonsai tree at home admit that the plant is very capricious and requires daily care. Special attention allocated to the irrigation regime. In summer, bonsai needs half a glass of water a day, otherwise it can quickly die from drought. IN winter time You can water it less often. Equally important is the lighting in the room. Bonsai pots are located in the brightest areas, protected from drafts.

Bonsai are grown in flat pots with a diameter of up to 20 cm, so that the root system does not have the opportunity to grow. The plant is replanted annually, shortening the roots if necessary. The choice of soil must be taken responsibly - sakura grows well in soils with high content nitrogen, humus and potassium. Organic fertilizers are applied to the ground approximately a month before planting, nitrogen fertilizers are added directly with the seedlings.

When growing sakura bonsai, you can shape the crown at will, using available means. The trunk of a young tree is fixed with wire or tension. When the plant reaches 25-30 cm in height, the main shoot is cut off so that the crown grows in breadth. After flowering, you can trim the side shoots, thus changing the direction of their growth. The rhizome is shortened at each transplant to prevent the tree from growing in height.

Another way to control the growth of the plant is to make horizontal cuts along the bark. They will release sap, which will weaken the bonsai and leave it dwarfed.

There are many varieties of crowns in sakura bonsai. You can leave the main trunk straight, or you can form unusual bends. If you follow the growing technology correctly and devote a small amount of time to the plant every day, it will bloom with decorative flowers every spring.

How to grow bonsai - video

Bonsai is a special art that originated in China more than 2 thousand years ago, later improved in Japan. In translation, bonsai means a miniature tree grown in a flat container at home. Sakura bonsai, the Japanese cherry tree, surprises with its amazing pink blooms.

All about the view

A little history. The art of bonsai has reached perfection in growing miniature indoor plants in exact replicas of large trees growing in nature. According to legend, the Chinese emperor wished to see his empire in miniature - with forests, fields, gardens and trees. His gardeners were able to grow dwarf trees to fulfill the will of the monarch.

After some time, the art of bonsai ended up in Japan, where it received its modern name and development. Various types of small trees look like real ones. Throughout their life, trees gain only 1–2 cm in height. At the same time, they require constant care - they must be trimmed correctly, constantly monitor the shape of the crown, pulling the branches with wire, fertilize and water.

One type of dwarf tree is the cherry bonsai (sakura). The tree has a brown trunk with a dense umbrella-shaped crown. Decorating it in natural environment serve white and pink flowers. They grow quite densely - 2-5 flowers in one inflorescence bunch, their double color covers the entire crown.

Purple, red, blue and other flower colors are artificially bred. The leaves are small, green, and turn red or crimson in autumn. After the flowers, sakura produces black fruits, but birds prefer to feed on the flower buds.

Video “Do-it-yourself bonsai”

In this video, an expert will talk about how to grow bonsai yourself.

Landing rules

Small cherry blossoms complement the decor of any home or office, adding a touch of oriental culture. An ornamental plant is difficult, but still possible to grow at home, starting with planting seeds. At the same time, you will need to stock up on a large supply of patience and hard work, because it will take 10–15 years of careful and regular care to form a miniature home garden.
You should not hope that seeds purchased in flower shops or online are a museum rarity. Bonsai seeds are regular seeds, from which you can grow a copy of a large tree. Consult with specialists what soil and fertilizer you need to choose for this variety, find out about the correct watering regime.

So, you have purchased several seeds and want to grow a sakura bonsai. To do this you will need:

disposable container for temporary planting of seeds (glass or bowl);
a flat pot (bonsai pot), which before planting must be treated with a solution of hydrogen peroxide and water in a ratio of 1 tsp. peroxide in half a glass of boiled water;
soil - sprinkle with cinnamon;
seeds - keep in mind that in order to germinate 1-2 sprouts, you will need to plant 8-10 seeds.

Now we will tell you how to properly plant sakura bonsai seeds. This procedure includes several stages of preparing seeds before directly planting them in the soil:

The seed is pierced, which speeds up the germination process. Then leave it in water for 24 hours. Feel free to throw away any seeds that float to the surface after soaking. They are guaranteed not to germinate.
Moisten the soil in a disposable container and deepen the grains into it to a depth of 1 cm.
Seeds need to create maximum conditions close to natural winter period. To do this, cover the container with polyethylene and place it in the refrigerator for 2 months. This is how stratification takes place - imitation of winter conditions.
After this, bonsai sakura seeds continue to germinate at room temperature with good lighting and moisture.
When seedlings appear, the sprouts must be transplanted into a permanent flat pot. It is better that everyone has a separate place. If the bonsai machine allows you to plant several seedlings, keep a distance of 10 cm between them.

Care and cultivation

The plant is very capricious. It is especially important to properly water young shoots. In summer, bonsai requires half a glass of water a day, and this is a mandatory procedure, otherwise the plant is doomed to dry out. In winter, watering is infrequent; just monitor the soil moisture. Others no less important factor is good lighting in the room. The best bright places on the windowsills should belong to sakura. At the same time, do not forget to protect it from drafts.

For cultivation bonsai It’s not for nothing that special bonsai pots are used. In flat, shallow pots, the root system does not grow well. In addition, with mandatory replanting once every 2–3 years, the roots are shortened if necessary. This tactic does not allow the tree to grow in height.

The soil should contain high levels of nitrogen and potassium. Bonsai must be fertilized every month. The trunk is tied with wire, and when a height of 20–30 cm is reached, the main shoot is cut off to complete its upward growth.

The formation of the crown depends on your imagination. To process it and trim the roots, you can use scissors or pruners, but be sure to disinfect the tools by wiping them with an alcohol solution. Pruning should be carried out only during the rest period, i.e. after flowering.

Let's reveal another secret of how to maintain growth: make several horizontal cuts along the trunk. The tree will weaken due to loss of sap, and its development will slow down.

Wintering a tree

There are several rules for wintering sakura:

cover the lower branches and hole with mulch and remove from the windowsill away from light. You can keep the tree during this period in a garage or shed - any cold and dark place is suitable. It is important to close off access to light and drafts;
In winter, bonsai are watered less frequently as the soil dries out.

Growing Japanese cherry bonsai from seeds is a troublesome process. However, when grown correctly, beautiful Japanese sakura will delight you with its magical flowers.

Sakura, or Japanese cherry, (Prunus serrulata) – ancient symbol Japan and a plant distinguished by its amazing splendor and graceful flowering. In fact, the name "sakura" hides several East Asian tree species, but they all have pink double flowers. Japanese cherry can reach a height of 25 m, the leaves are large, flowering occurs from March to June.

The meaning of cherry blossoms for the Hanami holiday

This day is celebrated in family circle, outdoors or in the park. In Japan, cherry blossoms bloom everywhere - near rivers, in the mountains, in the park. The festival of its flowering is called Hanami, and is a day off for all Japanese.

In the media, before the sakura blooms, it is covered on what day the holiday will fall and from where it will be most convenient to watch it. The process lasts from a couple of hours to several days. Hanami is very popular in the country, and some Japanese travel to cities to catch the cherry blossoms several times.

How is Japanese cherry different from others?

Japanese cherry grows quickly and can reach significant heights. The width of its crown reaches about 10 m. Sakura differs from ordinary cherries in some biological features and growing requirements.

Cultivation requirements and meaning of sakura

Japanese cherry blossoms begin in early spring. The tree cannot bear low temperatures– a temperature below 15 degrees is fatal for sakura. Trees should be planted only on humus soils and in well-lit areas.

The main purpose of Japanese cherry is to decorate the site.

Differences between sakura and ordinary cherries

The main difference between sakura and ordinary cherries is that Japanese cherries do not bear fruit. Sakura is an ornamental plant, cherry is a fruit plant. Japanese cherries also have fruits, but they are sour, small and not as tasty. The berries of ordinary cherries are tasty and are actively used for food.

Eating sakura fruits

Despite the peculiar taste of sakura fruits, they are used as food by the inhabitants of Japan. The fruit of the Japanese cherry is called sakumbo, and its color can be pink or red. Different plant varieties have fruits that differ in taste.

Sakura leaves are also used as food. They are pickled or salted like tomatoes. Sweets are wrapped in Japanese cherry leaves. The taste of the leaves is sour, spicy or salty-sweet. Another way to use them is as an addition to rice. Sakura fruits can be used to make jam and wine.

Main varieties of sakura

Modern varieties of sakura are created by crossing it with cherries (Cerasus yedoensis), (C. Lannesiana) and (C. Incisa). The most famous varieties:

"Shirotae". The tree reaches a height of 4.5 m, the flowers are white, non-double. The variety is actively used in England and Japan. The homeland of cherries is England.
"Hally Tolivett." Frost-resistant variety with a ball-shaped crown. The flowers are 4 cm, pink in color, the diameter of the inflorescences is 8 cm. The tree is propagated by green cuttings.
"Kwanzan". One of the most famous varieties. The flower contains 30 petals, the color is purple. The downside is that the tree does not have longevity.
"Kikushidare-zakura." The tree reaches a height of 5 m. The flowers are double, pink, and reach 6 cm in diameter. Of the minuses, cherries are not able to withstand severe frosts.
"Amonogawa" The height of the tree reaches 8 m, the width is only 1.25 m. The flowers are numerous, pink, fragrant.

Sakura: care (video)

How to plant sakura in the country

Which must be carefully prepared - dried and washed. Planting is carried out in the summer, but can also be done in spring or autumn. If you decide to purchase a seedling, you should choose healthy planting material. Its planting occurs in April. The best scheme arrangement of seedlings - 2x3 or 3x3 meters.

It is recommended to plant sakura on a slope. It is important that the place is lit, but the lighting is moderate so that the tree does not get sunburn. The acidity of the soil should be neutral, best option– loamy soil.

How to care for a tree

With proper care, sakura takes root well in Russia. Moreover, its flowering occurs in April-May. Only those tree varieties that grow on the northern island of Japan can be planted in Russia.

Features of watering

Sakura requires not only watering, but also periodic spraying of the leaves. Particular attention should be paid to watering in hot summers. During the first three years after planting, while the root system is not yet fully strengthened, watering is carried out once a week. If it rains, there is no need to add moisture.

Fertilizing

Japanese cherry trees will not bear fruit if they do not have enough nutrients. The tree requires the addition of organic matter, nitrogen and potassium. The following amount of minerals is added per m2 of soil:

medium in terms of the presence of soil nutrients - minerals 8 g, organic matter - 5 kg;
poor soils – minerals – 16 g, organic matter – 9 kg.

Shaping and trimming

Sakura is pruned to prevent thickening. It is produced in the spring, before the juice begins to flow. Dry and excess branches are removed, and after the work is completed, the cut areas are treated with garden varnish.

Pruning work must be carried out carefully so that gum does not begin to stand out. To prevent the appearance of a sticky substance, the plant needs good drainage and proper watering.

Protecting the tree from pest diseases

If you do not protect the cherry from pests, the flowers will be damaged and the plant itself will develop slowly. In some cases, sakura branches begin to split. To prevent this, growths on the branches should be removed, and the cut areas should be treated with healing preparations.

Sometimes cherry trees suffer from drying leaves. This is a fungus that a mixture of sulfur and coal can help get rid of. A pest, for example, the ringed silkworm (Malacosoma neustria), can also provoke the appearance of fungus. The pest must be controlled by removing the branches on which it laid eggs. It will be necessary to collect caterpillars, as well as use insecticides.

Sakura in the country: planting (video)

Sakura is one of the most beautifully flowering trees on the planet. To grow an elegant plant you will have to work hard, but the result is worth it. Nowadays, everyone has the opportunity to admire cherry blossoms on their property, and not just residents of the Land of the Rising Sun.

When we mention the phrase “Japanese cherry”, a bright picture with sakura trees buried in lush pink blossoms immediately emerges from the depths of our memory.

In Japan, sakura is traditionally considered a symbol of female beauty and youth; many beliefs and legends are associated with it. The flowering period of this plant is celebrated by the Japanese as a universal family celebration. Decorative cherry trees were brought to Russia at the beginning of the 20th century by Professor Krasnov and planted in the Batumi Botanical Garden, and later in the Sukhumi Arboretum.

Description of the tree

Japanese cherry blossoms

In fact, sakura is a generalized name for several forms of East Asian species of finely serrated cherry that have double flowers. Belongs to the Pink family. In their natural environment in their homeland, Japan, these trees can reach a height of 20 meters.

The crown is round, spreading. The bark of the tree is red to brown, with small cracks. Large oval leaves, jagged at the edges, green in color, in autumn they turn from dark purple to brown tones.

The flowers are painted in colors from bright pink to white and are collected in brushes of 7–9 pieces. There are cherry blossoms with red, yellow and crimson flowers.

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The flowering of one tree lasts no more than a week, but since there are many types of sakura and they bloom at different times, this beautiful spectacle can be enjoyed for about two months.

Modern garden varieties Sakura are created by crossing sharp-serrated wild cherries with cultivated relatives, as well as through grafting. Now there are about 400 varieties of this elegant plant. It is quite understandable that many gardeners want to have such a beauty on their plot.

Sakura fruits and their uses

Sakura fruits

Sakura, as an ornamental plant, does not produce valuable fruits, which is why it differs from ordinary cherries, which are a fruit tree.

Of course, fruits exist and are called sakura-no-mi in Japanese. They are so small, hard and sour in taste that the Japanese use them only in pickled form and for making wine and jam.

The size of the berries is about 8 mm, the skin is smooth, from pinkish to dark red in color.

Good to know: The leaves of the tree are also suitable for food - after pickling or salting, they become sweet-salty, sour or spicy in taste and, together with the fruits, they are added as a seasoning to rice.

Planting in a garden plot

Blooming sakura tree

Considering the homeland of its growth, sakura is very thermophilic and can die at outside temperatures below -15C. For cultivation in Russia, the best varieties are those grown on the northern islands of Japan, where the climate is at least somewhat similar to ours.

The place for this tree is chosen to be quiet, protected from drafts, and with a high degree of illumination. The area must be well drained to avoid stagnation of water, or a mound of soil must be prepared on which the seedling is planted.

Sakura loves light loamy soil of neutral or weak acidity, containing a lot of humus. In heavy soils, it is necessary to add some kind of loosening agent, for example, sand, compost, vermiculite.

As when purchasing any planting material, it is necessary to carefully examine the root system so that it has a sufficiently branched shape for better survival in a new location. You cannot cut the roots, you can only carefully straighten them with your hands.

Annual trees no more than 1 meter high with mature wood (reddish bark color) are best suited.

Gardening advice: for getting abundant flowering plant a couple more cherries of a different variety nearby.

Tree care

Sakura is more demanding to care for than cherry. It needs not only regular watering, but also spraying of the foliage, especially in hot summer weather. However, it also does not like excess moisture in the soil - the root system may die.

In the spring, before the buds open, it is necessary to carefully thin out the tree crown, removing dry, excess branches. Since sakura does not tolerate the cutting procedure very well, the cut areas must be treated with garden varnish or other antiseptic.

Sakura requires regular spraying with fungicides to prevent fungal infections and damage from pests (such as aphids): first spray before bud break, then a month after the berries set.

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graft cherry

Read about the Shokoladnitsa cherry variety here.

Application of organic and complex mineral fertilizers has a beneficial effect on the overall development of the plant and its productivity; cherry is especially responsive to potassium and phosphorus. Application rates depend on soil fertility. From autumn fertilizing nitrogen fertilizers are excluded. For the winter, it is better to wrap young trees with some material to prevent it from freezing and also protect it from rodents.

How to grow sakura at home, watch the following video:

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It is not for nothing that the Japanese cherry tree is known to many for its sophisticated beauty in spring, curved branches and wide crowns. In the Land of the Rising Sun, celebrations and cultural festivals are dedicated to the flowering of this tree, loved by residents not only throughout the country, but also by many connoisseurs around the world. Those who do not want to stay away from beauty should inquire about information about planting and the necessary care of sakura. Outside of Asia, this plant will look unusual, and in cold regions it will bring a sunny aura to everyday life.

Before deciding whether it is worth purchasing such a tree for yourself, and whether maintaining it in a healthy state will result in great difficulties, it is useful to inquire about how to properly care for sakura.

When actively growing, this tree prefers abundant watering, so in the absence of natural precipitation, you will have to take care of this issue yourself. Moreover, if the soil is poor in nutrients, such a plant will need significant feeding in the form of organic and mineral fertilizers.

It is quite natural that not everyone will be ready for this. But for those who do not have the opportunity to grow this tree in their own garden, experts have prepared an alternative option.

How to plant sakura bonsai seeds at home

It would be interesting to find out how you can plant sakura bonsai in own home. Such knowledge will be extremely useful, as it will allow you to start a unique plant that will bloom even in a city apartment. For these purposes, you will need to purchase a suitable relatively flat-shaped pot, up to 20 cm in diameter. The choice of soil will also need to be approached responsibly: as already mentioned, for proper germination you will need soil rich in minerals. Organic fertilizers will need to be applied manually.

To figure out how to properly plant a classic cherry bonsai, certain aspects should be taken into account. Such a plant will require careful care, a sufficient amount of sunlight and fresh air. It is also important to maintain a sufficiently warm temperature conducive to active growth. Some experts advise purchasing an already sprouted tree, planted in advance, and continuing to monitor it at home. This simplified option is suitable for those who would prefer to avoid the inconvenience of planting and growing seeds themselves, but are still interested in answering the question of how to plant Japanese sakura correctly.

However, for those who wish to tackle the planting process themselves, it is recommended to find out how you can plant purchased cherry bonsai seeds yourself. It would be useful to consult with a salesperson in a specialized store about choosing a seed variety. He will help with advice in choosing a plant and detailed guidance on its further maintenance. These trees are quite finicky, so it is best to listen to the instructions down to the details.

For example, see how to properly plant sakura from purchased seeds according to the points below:

prepare the seeds a day before immersion in the ground, placing them in water at room temperature;
transfer from water to pre-moistened soil, 2 cm deep;
carry out the preparatory process by covering the pot with film and leaving it in the refrigerator for up to 2 months;
care for the plant already in normal conditions, watering steadily, monitoring temperature and light.

Thus, planting the seeds of purchased sakura may look rather unusual, but such steps are necessary so that the seeds of this miniature tree can form into a full-fledged plant. Further monitoring of the sprouts involves constant monitoring and regular watering, and such a painstaking process will take up to several years.

In addition, you should be prepared for the fact that you will need to stock up on as many seeds as your budget allows, since few of them will actually sprout. But also in further care You cannot deviate from the established ritual: watering, fertilizing and other procedures are vital for a new pet. Thus, having been puzzled by the problem of how to properly plant real sakura from seeds, you will also need to take into account that the worries will not end with just one planting.

Finding out how to plant seeds homemade sakura bonsai, and having successfully grown them, the happy owner of the new seedlings will need to plant them in separate pots so that they do not interfere with each other and have sufficient space for further formation. Transplantation must be carried out annually, moving to new land rich in nitrogen and potassium. Organic fertilizers are applied about a month in advance, and the roots, if necessary, are shortened before placing them back into the container.

Propagation of sakura tree by cuttings

Reproduction of sakura trees is possible thanks to in various ways: for example, wild trees are propagated by seeds, while varietal subspecies are propagated by cuttings. In the case of the latter, there are also several options, the simplest of which is to purchase ready-made seedlings in a specialized store, which risks costing the buyer quite a bit.

However, a more natural way of propagating sakura is by self-grown cuttings, which are prepared in mid-summer, in July, when shoots about 10 cm long are cut from the tree and placed in a mixture of peat and sand. The main thing is to maintain the required temperature, which is approximately 18 degrees, and after root sprouts begin to appear on the cuttings, transplant each of them into a separate glass. Experts advise leaving them to winter at 5 degrees Celsius, replanting them in a larger container in the spring, and after a couple of years they are allowed to plant the sprouts in open ground.

Planting sakura in spring and autumn, care and cultivation in the Moscow region and Siberia

Residents of cold habitats want to please the eye with bright colors no less, and perhaps even more, than the settlers of the southern lands. Planting the whimsical sakura in Siberia, as well as caring for it, is not the easiest task, but with the right approach it is completely solvable. Since today there is a wide variety of varieties of this tree, you can always choose something for everyone who is not indifferent to such unusual and partly recognizable beauty. It is possible to plant bright sakura in frosty Siberia if you choose the right variety of this plant, which will be resistant to frost and will not require additional shelter. And the Siberian flower, by the way, can last up to several weeks, blooming in the usual spring, in the last month of the warm season - May.

There will also be useful recommendations and tips on care that will be of interest to those who want to plant sakura in the Moscow region. Flowering in this area begins in April and continues into May, depending on weather conditions and the purchased variety. It will probably take a lot of time to find sprouts, since they are not sold in all stores in the region. Having resolved this problem, it is imperative to consult about the conditions for their germination, since some varieties prefer wetter places, while others prefer drier ones. In general, a sunny area is selected, not planted with larger trees, whose crowns can block the sun. It is strongly recommended to remember that sakura needs careful cultivation and care, and this is the main component of success in this difficult but exciting business.

Families of these crops are most suitable for planting in the spring, which is often the most favorable season; however, it is also possible to plant sakura in the cool autumn. What is really important with any option is to monitor the winter, not allow the tree to freeze, and fulfill the additional conditions described above so that the plant can delight the owner with luxurious flowers of a sophisticated, delicate shade.

Sakura, or Japanese cherry, (Prunus serrulata) is an ancient symbol of Japan and a plant characterized by amazing splendor and graceful flowering. In fact, the name "sakura" hides several East Asian tree species, but they all have pink double flowers. Japanese cherry can reach a height of 25 m, the leaves are large, flowering occurs from March to June.

The meaning of cherry blossoms for the Hanami holiday

At the end of March - beginning of April every year, the Japanese celebrate the cherry blossoms. This day is celebrated with family, outdoors or in the park. In Japan, cherry blossoms bloom everywhere - near rivers, in the mountains, in the park. The festival of its flowering is called Hanami, and is a day off for all Japanese.

How is Japanese cherry different from others?

Japanese cherry trees grow quickly and can reach considerable heights. The width of its crown reaches about 10 m. Sakura differs from ordinary cherries in some biological features and requirements for cultivation.

Also read: How to treat trees in the country

Cultivation requirements and meaning of sakura

Japanese cherry blossoms begin in early spring. The tree is not able to withstand low temperatures - temperatures below 15 degrees are fatal for sakura. Trees should be planted only on humus soils and in well-lit areas.

The main purpose of Japanese cherry is to decorate the site.

Differences between sakura and ordinary cherries

Eating sakura fruits

Sakura leaves are also used as food. They are pickled or salted like tomatoes. Sweets are wrapped in Japanese cherry leaves. The taste of the leaves is sour, spicy or salty-sweet. Another way to use them is as an addition to rice. Sakura fruits can be used to make jam and wine.

Main varieties of sakura

Modern varieties of sakura are created by crossing it with cherries (Cerasus yedoensis), (C. Lannesiana) and (C. Incisa). The most famous varieties:

"Shirotae". The tree reaches a height of 4.5 m, the flowers are white, non-double. The variety is actively used in England and Japan. The homeland of cherries is England.
"Hally Tolivett." Frost-resistant variety with a ball-shaped crown. The flowers are 4 cm, pink in color, the diameter of the inflorescences is 8 cm. The tree is propagated by green cuttings.
"Kwanzan". One of the most famous varieties. The flower contains 30 petals, the color is purple. The downside is that the tree does not have longevity.
"Kikushidare-zakura." The tree reaches a height of 5 m. The flowers are double, pink, and reach 6 cm in diameter. Of the minuses, cherries are not able to withstand severe frosts.
"Amonogawa" The height of the tree reaches 8 m, the width is only 1.25 m. The flowers are numerous, pink, fragrant.

Sakura: care (video)

How to plant sakura in the country

Sakura is often planted with seeds, which must be carefully prepared - dried and washed. Planting is carried out in the summer, but can also be done in spring or autumn. If you decide to purchase a seedling, you should choose healthy planting material. Its planting occurs in April. The best arrangement of seedlings is 2x3 or 3x3 meters.

It is recommended to plant sakura on a slope. It is important that the place is lit, but the lighting is moderate so that the tree does not get sunburn. The acidity of the soil should be neutral, the best option is loamy soil.

How to care for a tree

With proper care, sakura takes root well in Russia. Moreover, its flowering occurs in April-May. Only those tree varieties that grow on the northern island of Japan can be planted in Russia.