Do they help with kidney disease? Why did Homer and King Solomon love pomegranates? What is useful for kidney disease - pomegranate juice, birch buds and pumpkin for acute renal failure

Pomegranate at home is a beautiful tree or bush, not demanding to care for, very decorative. It blooms and bears fruit in an ordinary apartment.

In nature, pomegranate grows on dry rocky slopes and salt marshes. It is not surprising that when home care he is unpretentious - tolerates low humidity air, does not require particularly fertile soil, but it must be light and breathable.

Composition of the soil mixture: turf soil, leaf humus, peat and sand in a ratio of 2:1:0.5:0.5. Sand must be included in the mixture. Good drainage is important. Root system Pomegranate has a superficial plant, so it grows well in small containers. It does not require frequent replanting: only young plants are replanted annually, and adults - once every three years or less (as needed). It is carried out in the spring, when the buds swell.

If possible, in the summer, move the pomegranate to Fresh air in the garden or on, finding a place where the leaves will be protected from the scorching rays of the midday sun. Water it as the soil dries out, thoroughly soaking the lump. Feed with liquid once every two weeks complex fertilizers, sometimes sprayed. In August, watering and fertilizing are reduced. In September, the plant is returned to the house.

By December, after ripening, the pomegranate begins to shed its leaves, preparing for a dormant period that usually lasts two to three months. From what light and temperature conditions it will survive this time, the flowering and beauty of the leaves next year depends. Optimal temperature during this period, 10–12 °C, which cannot be ensured in a modern city apartment.

An adult pomegranate can be helped to go “on vacation” by slightly drying the earthen ball and removing the remaining leaves, and then placing it on a cool window. Watering during the dormant period is minimal. For a small plant Wintering is not necessary. But also at a temperature of 12–16 °C at good lighting The pomegranate will survive the winter well, stopping in growth and shedding a small part of its foliage. Wintering at more high temperature Without lighting, the pomegranate becomes very stretched, losing its decorative effect.

In February, as soon as the buds begin to bloom, the pomegranate is placed in a warm sunny place and watered more often. Soon it will be covered with thick, fresh foliage. Before intensive growth begins, you need to cut out all dry and weak shoots - buds form at the ends of strong annual shoots.

The pomegranate eventually grows into a beautiful fluffy plant. It can be shaped - grown in the form of a tree or bush. In the second case, the plant is rejuvenated, replacing one of the trunks with a strong young shoot as it ages. During spring pruning, which stimulates branching, young shoots are trimmed, leaving two to five pairs of leaves. Pruning is done on the bud looking outwards. If you make it over a bud growing inward, a shoot will form from it, which will thicken the bush. What remains from pruning can be used for cuttings.

Pomegranate juice has been used since ancient times. Drinking pomegranate juice has a beneficial effect on the condition and functioning of the kidneys; it is especially recommended for use by people with acute renal failure.

Pomegranate juice remarkable in that it replenishes the body’s vitamin deficiency and saturates it with vitamins and elements necessary for normal operation all internal organs, including the kidneys.

Pomegranate juice contains potassium, which plays an important role in the regulation of water-salt metabolism. Therefore, in case of kidney disease, its use is not only desirable, but also necessary. Pomegranate contains a lot of pectin substances, they contribute to the timely removal from the body toxic substances and stimulate the functioning of the genitourinary system.

To complete the course of treatment, drink a glass of pomegranate juice in the morning on an empty stomach and in the evening before bed, and between these doses - 1/4 glass after meals for two months.

The following alternative medicine recipes are also effective as an additional treatment for acute renal failure.

Infusion of birch buds and adonis with pomegranate juice

Required: 2 tsp. chopped adonis herb, 2 tsp. birch buds, 4 tsp. crushed bearberry leaves, 1 glass of pomegranate juice, 2 glasses of water.
Pour boiling water over the herbs and leave for 20 minutes. Strain the infusion and add pomegranate juice.
Take the resulting product 1/2 cup 3 times a day, regardless of meals.

Infusion of birch buds in alcohol

Required: 100 g birch buds, 100 g flax seeds, 100 g sprouted wheat grains, 200 ml vodka (or 100 ml pure alcohol).
Method of preparation and use. Place the buds, seeds and grains in a dark glass bottle, fill with alcohol, close the bottle tightly with a lid and place in a dark, cool place for 3-4 days. When the tincture is ready, strain it through cheesecloth. Take the prepared tincture 1 tsp. before eating. The course of treatment is 1 month.

Herbal infusion with salt

Required: 2 tbsp. l. chopped oregano herb, 2 tbsp. l. St. John's wort herb, 2 tbsp. l. chamomile flowers, 1 tbsp. l. lemon balm herb, 1 tbsp. l. peppermint herbs, 1/2 tsp. salt, 1 tsp. lemon juice, 1 liter of water.
Method of preparation and use. Herbal collection grind and brew with boiling water in a saucepan, cover it with a lid, wrap it in a towel and place the dish in a warm place for 1/2-1 hour. After the product has infused, strain it and drain it into a dark bowl. Dissolve salt in lemon juice in a ceramic or glass bowl. Lemon juice pour the herbs into the infusion and leave in a dark place for another 6 hours. Take the prepared mixture 1/4 cup before bed.

Decoction of cumin and linden flowers with honey and pomegranate juice

Required: 2 tsp. sandy caraway flowers, 2 tsp. birch buds, 2 tsp. chopped St. John's wort herb, 1 tsp. linden flowers, 1 tbsp. l. honey, 2 glasses of pomegranate juice, 2 glasses of water.
Method of preparation and use. Pour the mixture of herbs and flowers with water and boil for 20 minutes. Cool the infusion, strain and add pomegranate juice. Take the prepared liquid 1/4 cup 4 times a day.

Pomegranate peel decoction

Required: 1 tsp. chopped pomegranate peel, 1 glass of water.
Method of preparation and use. Boil the pomegranate peel in boiling water, leave for 2 hours, strain the broth before using. Take 1 tbsp. l. 3 times a day before meals.

Pumpkin-apple juice with pulp

Required: 1/2 kg green apples, 100 g pumpkin, 1–2 sprigs of peppermint, 2 tbsp. l. sugar, 3 liters of water.
Method of preparation and use. Wash the apples and peel them. Cut the apples into small pieces into a saucepan, add 1 tbsp. l. sugar, pour 11/2 liters of boiling water and cook over low heat for 45 minutes, adding mint. Pour the resulting juice into a separate bowl and mash the apples to make a puree.
Peel the pumpkin, cut into small cubes, add the remaining sugar. Pour 1 1/2 liters of boiling water over the pumpkin, simmer over low heat for 1 hour. When the pumpkin has steamed, drain the water and mash the pumpkin to a puree.
Combine pumpkin and apple puree, pour in apple juice, mix well. It is recommended to take 3 tbsp of prepared juice. l. 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals.

The common dwarf pomegranate is indoor flower, which belongs to the group of subtropical plants of the pomegranate family. The pomegranate arrived in Europe from western Asia and the Balkan Peninsula.

The variety of common dwarf pomegranate is best suited for growing at home.

You need to sow the seeds in a light, nutritious substrate. Choose dishes for sowing that are not deep. The pomegranate has a superficial root system, so it grows well in small containers. The dishes should have a hole; it is important to ensure good drainage.

Squeeze the pomegranate seeds from the juice and immediately plant them in the soil. Sprinkle a small (about 1 cm) layer of earth on top. To create a microclimate for our plant, we need to cover the top of the pot with film or a piece of glass. Once a day, the greenhouse needs to be opened to allow the soil to breathe. Germination pomegranate seeds almost 100%, and if you did everything correctly, then after 2-3 weeks you will see white pomegranate sprouts. As soon as this happens, the film should be removed from the pot and the pot should be placed closer to the light. Pomegranate is a light-loving plant, but direct light will be destructive for a plant that has not yet matured. When 2-3 leaves appear, we plant them. And then care, as for an adult pomegranate.

The plant can have a height of no more than 1 meter, it has small leaves of bright green color. Blooms in the third year. During the flowering period, large, bright red flowers of extraordinary beauty appear, which is why pomegranate has become a favorite among home flowers.

If you care for the flower correctly, then after flowering it can bear fruit.

This is a polyecious plant: you can see three types of flowers on it - male, female and bisexual. Pomegranates (that’s what the fruits are called), even if they are tied, room conditions ripen for a very long time.

Pomegranate needs a brightly lit place; in summer it is better to take it out open air. If conditions permit, dig it in the garden.

For overwintering, the flower is transported to a bright, cool room in which the temperature is maintained from 2 to 7 degrees Celsius. Winter Garden – perfect place for overwintering pomegranate. For the winter, the indoor flower sheds its foliage.

Care consists of very moderate watering and fertilizing. Even in summer, the flower is watered moderately, in winter rarely (once every 2 months). In the spring and during the growth period, fertilizing is carried out periodically with complex mineral fertilizer (every two weeks).

Reproduction
When propagated by cuttings, flowering and fruiting in dwarf indoor pomegranates may occur as early as the second year after planting. . If you decide to propagate pomegranate by cuttings, then this must be done in the spring, using root formation stimulants and bottom heating.

Cuttings 10–15 cm long are cut, their bases are dusted with “Kornevin”, then they are planted obliquely in a mixture of peat and sand (or simply in washed coarse river sand), leaving 1–3 buds on the surface, and cover with a jar. In a month or a month and a half they will take root, and in another month they can be planted.

If watered incorrectly (too much), spots may appear on pomegranate leaves. Common Pests – spider mites and scale insects.

It does not require frequent replanting: only young plants are replanted annually, and adults - once every three years or less (as needed). It is carried out in the spring, when the buds swell.
The garnet is formed very well. Pinch the top when the young pomegranate grows to 10-15 cm if you want to grow the plant as a tree. If you want to get a bush, pinch the pomegranate when it is about 5 cm high. Next, as it grows, you need to do the shaping.

Dwarf pomegranate growing very quickly. By the first autumn after planting, it may even bloom. True, the first buds should be plucked out. This way the plant will gain strength, and next year will grow more actively, and flowering will be especially lush.

Although there will be many flowers, the bulk of them are usually sterile. To get more fruits, you can pollinate pomegranate flowers by hand. Pomegranate fruits will ripen around the beginning of January. The larger and more powerful the plant, the more small pomegranates will appear on it. When the fruits ripen, the pomegranate may begin to shed its leaves.

After fruiting, the pomegranate requires a couple of months of rest. At this time, watering can be reduced and the plant itself can be placed in a cool and dark place.

Spring is the time for nature to awaken. During this period, plant buds begin to swell, from which bud buds and leaves then appear, or both together, depending on the type of buds.

First on garden plot currants, gooseberries and honeysuckle begin their growing season. If for some reason you did not have time to prune these crops in March, then do it in early April - before the buds open. Trim the shoots of newly planted 1-2 year old currant and gooseberry seedlings, leaving only 2-4 buds on each.

The central shoot can be 2-3 buds longer, so that a pyramidal crown is then formed. For three-year-old bushes, leave 3-4 of the strongest basal shoots. Subsequently, create a bush with branches of different ages, annually leave 3-4 of the strongest basal shoots to form new skeletal branches of the bush, and remove the rest to the base. For better branching of basal shoots, shorten them: for varieties that branch poorly, by one third; for varieties that branch well, cut off only the immature tops with underdeveloped buds.

With the passage of time and the aging of the bushes, in addition to excess basal shoots, annually remove old branches lying on the ground, growing inside the bush and intertwining, dry, broken, damaged by pests and diseases. A formed fruit-bearing currant and gooseberry bush should have 3-4 branches each of different ages(from 1 year to 5 years), i.e. 15-20 branches of different ages.

Pruning fruit-bearing bushes of white and red currants is somewhat different from black currants. The tops of their branches are cut off, since this is where the main crop is formed. Their skeletal branches are more durable, so cut out old branches to the base of the bush only after they reach seven years of age.

Following currants and gooseberries, prune honeysuckle; it also begins its growing season early. Young 3-4 year old honeysuckle plants do not require pruning, but in fruit-bearing bushes, thin out the crown, which tends to become very thick. With age, cut out aging branches and clean up small overgrown branches that, due to shading in the crown, grow poorly and do not bear fruit. For older bushes, cut the oldest skeletal branches back to the base or cut them to a side branch. Start pruning cherries and plums last, when traces of freezing after overwintering are clearly visible.

In the second half of April, prune raspberries. If old shoots were not cut out in the fall, cut them down to the ground, leaving no stumps. Be sure to remove shoots with thickenings (galls) containing stem gall midge larvae. Cut off the dry tops of the shoots; they are either frozen or there is a larva in them raspberry fly. After pruning trees and shrubs, be sure to burn all branches and use the ash for fertilizer. As soon as the soil thaws and dries, use a fan rake to clear the strawberries of dry leaves, and also clear the entire area of ​​last year's leaves, debris and burn them.

TO planting work start as soon as the soil allows. Carefully inspect the seedlings that were buried, especially their roots. Trim broken, dried, rotten roots to a healthy place. Place the dried roots in water for a day. When preparing the soil, dress it required quantity fertilizers, ensure proper planting. If the seedlings fruit trees When planting in autumn, the root collar was buried in the soil, then be sure to correct this mistake, otherwise the plants will lag in growth, slow down and bear little fruit. If there are close to each other on your site groundwater, plant fruit seedlings into mounds up to 0.4-0.5 m high with an initial width of at least 1.3-1.5 m. As the roots grow, the mounds will increase.

In order to propagate the crops you need during the sap flow period, graft with cuttings, prepare and plant shoots of your own plum and cherry trees. These crops can also be propagated by root cuttings. As soon as the soil thaws, expose the horizontal roots 0.5-1.5 cm thick in mother-rooted plants, cut root cuttings 15-20 cm long and plant them on previously prepared beds or in a greenhouse with a film cover. Plant the cuttings in the grooves vertically or obliquely, deepening the upper end of the cutting by 1-2 cm. Water the soil generously and mulch, monitor its moisture until the cuttings germinate, otherwise they will dry out.

Propagate currants, gooseberries, and sea buckthorn in April using woody cuttings prepared in late autumn or in early spring. Plant them obliquely at an angle of 45 degrees in moist, fertile soil, leaving two to three buds on the surface. For better retention of moisture in the soil, plant the cuttings in ridges covered with plastic film, make holes in it into which to plant the cuttings. Such planting will help speed up the rooting of cuttings and increase their survival rate. Spring planting Plant raspberries as early as possible, since their root buds sprout very early.

As soon as the soil is ready, begin planting strawberries that were planted in the fall for growing in special seedling beds. To speed up the ripening of future strawberries, immediately after the snow melts and remove dry and diseased leaves, feed the plants and cover some of the fruiting plantings with film frames. At the end of the month, when the soil dries out, dig it in tree trunk circles fruit trees and berry fields, after applying fertilizers. Mineral fertilizers add under digging, and leave organic (humus or peat) on the surface as mulch.

In April, before the buds open, spend preventive measures pest and disease control. Treat the plants and soil in tree trunk circles to destroy pests that have overwintered in them. Use the preparations phytoverm and phytosporin, ammonium nitrate or urea (500-700 g per 10 liters of water). Replacing drugs makes it possible to more successfully suppress the number of various pathogens or pests. If you did not treat the garden with the above-mentioned preparations in time, then during the swelling phase of the flower buds, spray with Bordeaux mixture.

Galina Alexandrova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences

Why is pomegranate juice bottled in water much more often than other fruit juices and nectars? glass jars, why is he so appreciated? Because this is not just a sweet, pleasant liquid, you can’t drink a lot of it, but half of the periodic table “in one bottle”, a real storehouse of vitamins and minerals- pomegranate has several times more of them than its “competitor” fruits.

Pomegranate, Pomegranate or Pomegranate tree is a genus of shrubs and small trees of the Derbennikov family. Origin of the generic name in Lat. Punica comes from Latin word lat. punicus - Punic, Carthaginian, due to the wide distribution of the plant in this country (modern Tunisia).

Like figs, grapes, olives, the pomegranate claims one of the first places in the earliest annals of history. Along with grain crops and honey, it served as the main human food from the first steps of civilization.

The pomegranate was mentioned several times in very early history ancient Greece- long before the founding of Rome, where the pomegranate culture penetrated through Carthage much later. For example, Homer mentions the pomegranate twice in the famous Odyssey as a very common fruit plant in the gardens of Phenicia and Phrygia.

The ancient Greek historian Herodotus testifies that when the Persians, under the leadership of Xerxes, attacked the Greeks, his personal guard included a special detachment, or “grenade brigade,” whose soldiers carried gold garnets at the ends of their spears as the highest sign of honor.

Pomegranate is mentioned several times in Old Testament. According to legend, the Israelis, wandering for a long time in the desert and suffering from thirst, first became acquainted with pomegranate and its fruits in Egypt. Under King Solomon, pomegranate gardens were very popular and were sung in songs.

(Read more: http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordinary_pomegranate).

BLOOMING POMEGRANATE

The calyx is colored, leathery, with 5-7 fleshy triangular lobes. Petals and stamens are attached to the throat of the calyx; one column with a thickened, slightly lobed stigma. Lives up to 50 years, reaching a height of up to 5-6 m. At home - a shrub or tree about 1.5-2 m high. Productivity is 50-60 kg per tree.

It forms spherical fruits, which have the botanical name “pomegranate” - large berries with a leathery pericarp and a retained calyx. The color of the peel is from orange-yellow to brown-red. Individual fruits of some varieties reach 15-18 cm in diameter. The seeds are numerous, up to 1000-1200 or more in one fruit, located in 6-12 chambers or nests arranged in two tiers. Each seed is surrounded by a succulent edible covering.

The plant is light-loving and requires bright lighting without shading in summer. If there is a lack of light, pomegranate does not bloom.

FROM THE HIMALAYAS TO EUROPE

Wild pomegranate Punica granatum L. - common pomegranate is found in Southern Europe and Western Asia (up to the Himalayas), another type of pomegranate Punica protopunica Balf. - Socotra garnet, or protopunica garnet, is known only on the island of Socotra in the Arabian Sea.

Only the common pomegranate is cultivated. Currently, pomegranate culture is widespread throughout to the globe in the tropics and subtropics with a wide strip from 41° south. w. up to 41° N. w. It is cultivated in Afghanistan, the countries of the Middle East, Iran, Spain, Italy, Greece, the Caucasus (Azerbaijan, Armenia and Georgia), Crimea, Portugal, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, France, countries former Yugoslavia. In Russia, pomegranate is cultivated in the Sochi region.

The pomegranate is both a symbol of Azerbaijan and a symbol of Armenia. Symbolizes fertility and wealth. This is explained by pomegranate trees hung with fruits all year round. According to one of the ancient Armenian rituals, the bride must break a pomegranate against the wall - and the more the pomegranate crumbles from the impact, the more children she will have.

CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM, POTASSIUM, MANGANESE, SODIUM…

Pomegranate fruits are rich in sugars, tannins, vitamin C, contain fiber, minerals and trace elements: calcium, magnesium, potassium, manganese, sodium. The fruits produce up to 60% juice from high content anthocyanins. The juice of cultivated varieties of pomegranate contains from 8 to 20% sugar (glucose and fructose), up to 10% citric, malic, oxalic and other organic acids, phytoncides, nitrogenous substances, tannin, sulphates, chlorides and other salts. The pericarp, roots and bark contain up to 32% tannins. Pomegranate juice is useful for anemia, a decoction of the peel and membranous partitions is useful for burns and indigestion. The seed pulp is reddish and is used in desserts and salads, as well as for making soft drinks.

More detailed chemical composition:

The pomegranate fruit consists of juice (38.6 - 63.5%), peel (27.6 - 51.6%) and seeds (7.2 -22.2%). In the best cultivated varieties of pomegranate, the edible part is 65 - 68%, and the juice yield is 78.5 - 84.5%.

The energy value of 100 g of the edible part of pomegranate fruit is 62-79 kcal, and 100 ml of juice is 42-65 kcal. The fruits of the plant contain about 1.6% protein, 0.1 - 0.7% fat, 0.2 - 5.2% fiber and 0.5 -0.7% ash.

The juice and pulp of the seeds of ripe fruits of cultivated varieties of pomegranate contains up to 20% sugar, from 0.2 to 9% acidic acids, including 5-6% citric acid, and a small amount of malic acid. Pomegranate juice contains 0.208 - 0.218% minerals, including manganese, phosphorus, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, chromium, nickel, calcium, copper. Vitamin content (mg%): C - 4.0-8.7; B1 - 0.04 - 0.36; B2 - 0.01 - 0.27; B6 - 0.50; B15 - 0.54; quite a lot of P-vitamin-like substances, niacin, traces of vitamin A and folacin. The juice of wild pomegranate varieties contains 5-12% sugar, and acidic acids - above 10%. Tannins and coloring substances in pomegranate juice are 0.82 - 1.13%, flavonoids, including anthocyanins, 34.0 - 76.5%.

In addition to phenolic compounds, pomegranate juice contains 15.5-29.2 mg% catechins, about 2% proteins, 61-95 mg% amino acids. Of these, 15 amino acids have been identified: cystine, lysine, histidine, arginine, aspartic acid, serine, threonine, glutamic acid, alanine, hydroxyproluin, alpha-aminobutyric acid, 6-20% fatty oil consisting of linoleic (40.03%), palmitic (16.46%), oleic (23.75%), linolenic (2.98%), stearic (6.78%), begonic (1.63%) acids. In addition, 3.4% nitrogenous substances, 12.6% starch, 22.4% cellulose. Pomegranate oil contains 272 mg% vitamin E.

The peel of the fruit contains macroelements (mg/g): potassium - 18.90, calcium - 4.0, magnesium - 0.50, iron - 0.05; trace elements (µg/g): manganese - 5.28, copper - 2.50, zinc - 3.80, molybdenum - 0.40, chromium - 0.32, aluminum - 33.68, selenium - 0.08, nickel - 0.32, strontium - 19.36, boron - 54.40.

Pomegranate flowers contain the dye punicin. The leaves of this plant contain 0.2% ursolic acid.

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