Examples of spotlights on a suspended ceiling. Location of lamps on a suspended ceiling (11 photos). Photo examples of interesting options

Location of lamps on suspended ceiling- one of the priority tasks for the homeowner when performing repairs. When installing lighting fixtures, features and pitfalls are taken into account, which will improve the interior design.

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Basic rules and types of installation of lighting fixtures

Rules for the location of spot and built-in light bulbs in rooms and living spaces:

1. The distance from the wall to the lighting fixture on a suspended ceiling should be at least 20 cm.
2. The distance between the spotlights themselves should be at least 30 cm. But this rule has its own characteristics, since everything depends on the type of installation and the design of the lighting fixture. The material that was used to make the ceiling is also taken into account.
3. If a chandelier is mounted on the ceiling, then it is placed in the center. In the case of a studio apartment, the light source is installed in the central part of one of the zones. The design features in the room must be taken into account.
4. If the room has a suspended ceiling, then the distance from the built-in lighting fixture to the PVC seam will be at least 15 cm.
5. Practice shows that one spot can illuminate about 2 m2 of a room. When calculating the number of point light sources, this parameter is taken into account. Optimally, for sufficient light, it is calculated that the device will illuminate 1.5 “squares” of the room.
6. In the room, you can consider a symmetrical arrangement of lighting devices on the ceiling. It is necessary to calculate that the devices are located at the maximum identical distance to each other and to the wall surfaces.

When choosing the installation location, you should not take into account the location of the windows; this point is unimportant. When choosing an installation location, the main thing is to think about making the lighting area the most effective.

An example of the location of spots on the ceiling

Features of using recessed lamps

To correctly arrange the built-in lighting without a chandelier, the material that was used to stretch the ceiling is taken into account. Such materials overheat greatly.

The features of restrictions on the highest power parameter of lighting devices are taken into account:

1. If the ceiling is made of PVC film, then the power of halogen lighting sources should be no more than 20 W. If we talk about incandescent light bulbs, then you can choose devices up to 40 W.
2. If satin is used as a tension surface, the power of halogen light sources can be increased to 35 W. The power setting for incandescent light bulbs should be up to 60 W.

The power of the light sources will be different, but the degree of illumination will ultimately be almost identical. Halogen devices give off more light. For installation on a suspended ceiling, installation is allowed LED sources light, there are no restrictions on the choice of power. Diodes hardly heat up, so they do not pose a danger to a stretch ceiling.

The use of diode elements requires the installation of a special adapter, and this device heats up during operation. Its installation will allow you to power a large number of lighting fixtures. It must not be installed on the ceiling. It is better to place the device in a more accessible location to ensure quick replacement or repair.

The ARTMIX suspended ceilings channel talked about the features of the selection and use of spot lighting devices in residential premises.

Pros and cons of lighting fixtures

Light sources that are allowed for use on suspended ceilings:

1. Hanging chandeliers. The advantage is ease of installation. The main disadvantage lies in the fact that the chandelier effectively illuminates the central part of the room. The lighting in the corners is of lesser quality; the use of a chandelier contributes to the formation of shadows in the room.
2. Spot lighting devices. This type of device is the most popular. The advantage lies in the extensive range of devices, different color solutions and forms. Spot devices can fit into any room design. The disadvantage is heating and the need to select a lamp of a certain power.
3. Incandescent light bulbs. The advantage lies in reliability and long service life, ease of use and low cost. The use of incandescent lamps is allowed in rooms with high dust and humidity. The disadvantages of these light sources include high heat generation and low efficiency. useful action.
4. Halogen devices. They are characterized by increased heating and have low cost.
5. Fluorescent light sources. The advantages include high efficiency and the absence of strong heating during operation. The main disadvantage is that they cannot be used with a dimmer. Luminescent devices cannot tolerate high humidity.
6. LED light bulbs. Great option for suspended ceilings, it is allowed to use light sources of any color shade. Diodes practically do not heat up and have increased efficiency. The main disadvantage is high price and unreliability of power supplies.

Igor Shurar spoke in detail about the principle of operation, as well as the disadvantages of diode lighting sources.

How to correctly calculate the required number of lamps

Before you implement correct selection number of lamps for the room, you need to decide on the type of light sources used. Their number will depend on this.

To perform the calculation you will need the following data:

• room area;
• type of lighting sources installed in the room;
• the presence of windows in the room and their installation location;
• methods for zoning room area;
• interior design, as well as the purpose of the room.

An example of calculating the number of light sources is given in the table.

For a room with an area of ​​about 20 square meters, you will need approximately 10-13 light sources. To ensure a more convenient arrangement of lamps, it is recommended to select an even number of lamps.

It is better to choose more light sources, since spotlights emit soft lighting, it will not harm a person.

Features of placing lamps in different rooms

Selected for each room separate location lighting fixtures. The calculation takes into account the geometry of the room and the lighting needs of various zones. At the same time, it is desirable to achieve an aesthetic result so that the lamps look beautiful. The main methods for arranging lighting include installing a chandelier in the center of the ceiling, and spots are mounted in a similar style. Point devices can be chosen neutral so that they do not attract attention.

Bedroom

An example of installing lamps in a bedroom

In the bedroom, lighting is designed to promote relaxation, so it is not necessary to install bright light. It is desirable that the lighting be soft and warm. It is recommended to give preference to lighting sources that give off a yellow tint, but not blue or bright white.

Installation of spotlights is usually done in the form of a circle or oval. Spots can be mounted along the wall surface, on the opposite side of the bed. This option is relevant if a TV is installed on the wall. To create a laconic design, you can use the classic lamp placement scheme. To do this, the chandelier is mounted in the center of the ceiling, and additional lighting devices are installed along the walls.

Children's

It is better to equip a children's room using zoning with lighting devices. To do this, a group of devices is installed above the work or play area of ​​the room. And in the remaining part of the ceiling, diffused light fixtures are installed. It is recommended to equip individual groups of lighting fixtures with separate switches, this will make it possible to create twilight in the room. In a children's room, spotlights can be arranged in the form of a figure from a fairy tale, using lamps with different colors.

Living room

An example of installing lamps in a hall

Lamps are arranged in the hall to provide multiple lighting options. At some moments it will be bright, and at others it will be more subdued; twilight may be required. This can be achieved by building in lighting fixtures or using overhead devices. Such lamps can be divided into groups and each of them can be equipped with a switch. It is possible to install a dimmer; if necessary, the consumer can change the brightness of the light bulbs.

If the hall has several zones, then each of them can be emphasized by installing various lamps. Lighting fixtures will vary in the form of installation or the color they emit. If we talk directly about the location, then we must be guided by overall design rooms. If this is minimalism or hi-tech, then it is better to give preference to a linear arrangement. And for a room decorated in romantic style, it is recommended to use a diagram in the form of a circle or winding lines.

In large living rooms it is better to use rounded complex shapes, not large rooms this option will clutter the interior. If you want to emphasize the shape of the room, the lighting devices can be arranged in the form of squares. If the room is small, then circles placed inside each other will visually raise the ceiling. Others may be used geometric shapes according to a similar principle. For the best effect, smaller lighting fixtures should be used in the center than on the outside.

Overly complex luminaire installation schemes are not suitable for small rooms, this option is relevant for spacious rooms.

An example of installing spotlights on a suspended ceiling in the living room is presented by the Ceiling Special Forces channel.

Kitchen

Installation of lighting devices in kitchen area is carried out according to similar rules. In work areas - above the table, countertop - it is recommended to install bright appliances. Directly above the table you can install one or more chandeliers; they must be equipped with long wires. Another way is to install soffits on the ceiling surface so that they follow the contours of the set. But lighting fixtures should be mounted 10-20 cm further from the edge of the furniture, this will ensure even distribution of light.

When choosing an installation scheme, you need to be guided by the style of the room and the tastes of the owner. If it is necessary to create soft lighting, preference is given to round schemes. If laconic forms are preferred, then you can choose to install lamps in the form of geometric shapes. Selecting the type of light source color range, as well as size depends on the preferences of the owner.

Hallway

The location of the lamps on the suspended ceiling in the hallway is chosen taking into account the fact that the corridors are usually dark and crowded. To prevent this, lighting fixtures are installed correctly, this will expand the area of ​​the room visually. To do this, the glossy surface of the ceiling is illuminated from below. When choosing lighting devices, it is recommended not to play with color, but to choose devices of the same shape and color shade. To make the room more spacious visually, the surfaces of the walls should be illuminated with directional spot light.

Bathroom

When choosing lighting devices for the bathroom, it is necessary to take into account that the lamps must have increased protection from moisture. The selection of the scheme is made taking into account the needs of the owner and what additional lighting sources will be used. In small bathrooms and combined bathrooms, several appliances are mounted directly above the bathtub; the same number can be installed in the remaining area.

To complicate the scheme, installation of several types of spotlights is allowed. If the lamps are mounted evenly over the entire surface of the ceiling, then an additional light source can be installed above the mirror.

The most popular layouts for placing lamps on a suspended ceiling

Cannot be defined correct installation lighting devices. This is due to the fact that when installing lamps, they take into account various factors. When choosing a scheme, it is taken into account what the devices are used for - as primary or additional lighting. If possible, you can get advice from specialists. If you need to place the lighting fixtures yourself, you can use the diagram below.

Schemes for installing chandeliers and spotlights on the ceiling

Combination of spotlights and chandeliers

A chandelier and spotlights are a difficult option to combine. The former are usually characterized classic design, and the second - modern version. If there is a chandelier in the hall, then for bright lighting in the room it is recommended to use wall sconces. If the chandelier has modern design, then it can be combined with spotlights.

The ceiling is the most common installation location spotlights, chandeliers and LED lighting. The location of the lamps depends on the number of fixtures, structure, area and shape of the ceiling.

The slightest nuances should be taken into account, otherwise a technically incorrect decision will negatively affect the interior, lighting and energy costs. Different requirements requirements for the placement of lighting fixtures depend on the type of room.

Types of ceiling lighting

Before considering the basic requirements and rules for arranging lamps on the ceiling, we will determine the types of devices suitable for apartments and private houses. On the ceiling you can see:

1. A chandelier is a traditional lighting fixture, in most cases mounted in the center of the ceiling. Consists of several horns with sockets for many light bulbs. Well illuminates the room.
2. Built-in spotlights. Also called "spots". Install exclusively on a suspended ceiling. Place part of the body in tension structure, and leave the decorative one in plain sight, front side. They are often mounted around the perimeter of the ceiling or in certain areas (reading, applying makeup).
3. Illumination - decorative lighting. LED strips are used in apartments; on the streets you can find more varieties, including neon bulbs.
4. No less popular are wall and desk lamp, floor lamps.

What lamps can be used in built-in lamps

The built-in lamp has at least one base. The light bulb is selected depending on the type of base and lighting requirements. An important factor is the structure of the ceiling.

Stretch ceilings have certain limitations - the fabrics, films and other materials used in the arrangement are not resistant to heat, so halogens and CFLs (compact fluorescent lamps) with a power of no more than 20 W are installed here. When using an incandescent lamp, the power should be no more than 40 W. If the ceiling is made of fabric, then the power limit increases to 35 and 60 W, respectively.

In the case of LED strips There are no restrictions, since during operation the temperature of the devices is many times lower than that of conventional lamps. In such a situation, focus on the shape, brightness and color temperature. The latter affects the luminous flux - the device can shine in cold white or warm yellow.

Basic rules for placement

Before installing lamps, you need to study a number of installation requirements. To improve lighting quality and efficiency, follow the recommendations below:

1. The distance from the spotlight to the corner of the wall and ceiling must be at least 200 mm.
2. If there is only one chandelier, then place it strictly in the center of the ceiling. In studio apartments, it is recommended to use one chandelier above each work area.
3. In suspended ceilings, the distance from the built-in lamp to the seam of the polyvinyl chloride film is at least 150 mm.
4. One spot device illuminates no more than 2 square meters. m. When calculating required quantity lamps, rely on the fact that one lamp provides enough light for 1.5 square meters. m.
5. With a symmetrical arrangement ceiling lamps Maintain the same distance between the appliances, the individual device and the wall.

The distance to the windows does not matter. Your main task is to ensure that the light falls on all objects in the room. The recommendations are suitable for installing spots in stretch, suspended and slatted ceilings.

Calculation of the required number of spotlights

An important preparatory stage before installing spotlights is calculating their number. The rule is “one lamp per 1.5 sq. m" is relevant, but ideally you need to take into account the power of the devices. For one square meter 20 W spot required. When using a 30–35 W lamp, it will be possible to illuminate 1.5 square meters. m. Divide the area of ​​the room by a fraction and get the number of lamps needed to fully illuminate the room.

Depending on the chosen layout, the number of lamps varies up or down. The type of room affects this. For example, fewer fixtures are usually installed in bedrooms because there is no need for bright light. In the living room or hallway, where there are no windows, the number can be increased. In the latter case, separate switches must be installed (for groups of lamps - at least two for full and partial illumination) and dimmers capable of adjusting the brightness of the light. The most popular is connecting lamps through one, in a checkerboard pattern.

Location of lamps on the ceiling

Above we talked about the influence of the type of room on the placement of lamps on the ceiling. Every little detail is taken into account, from the geometry of the room, the location of windows and ending with the lighting requirements for specific areas. Do not forget about the aesthetic component - the room should look like a single whole, the light should fall on objects intended to focus attention.

The standard option is to have a chandelier in the center of the ceiling and spots along the perimeter. Typically, lighting fixtures are chosen in the same style or neutral spots are purchased.

Some people prefer to do without a chandelier, considering it a relic of the past. But the absence of one may be determined by the type of room: it is difficult to imagine a bathroom or corridor with a large, beautiful and bright chandelier. In the first case, this is due to electrical and fire safety, in the second - to aesthetics. On the other hand, not only the corridor, but the bathroom and toilet are rooms where there are no natural light sources, so we strongly recommend increasing the estimated number of lamps.

Below we will discuss how to arrange lamps depending on the type of room.

In the bedroom

The bedroom is a place where people come to relax and unwind, so having bright light will not do anything good. Choose light bulbs that emit a soft, warm and unobtrusive light. Avoid using products with bright white or light blue shades.

Often, spotlights in bedrooms are placed in a circle or in an oval shape. Spots can be placed along the wall opposite the bed. This is especially true if the TV is mounted to the wall. Lovers of laconic design, minimalism and hi-tech styles will appreciate a classic set of lighting fixtures and a standard arrangement - one chandelier in the center, spotlights along the long walls.

In the living room

The most important room in which it is held most of waking time. Install a colorful chandelier in the center of the ceiling, and spots around the perimeter. Lamps located along the edge of the ceiling will provide dim light when the chandelier, which is the main source, is turned off.

As in the bedroom, the standard option is to use one chandelier and several lamps, but in this case there will be more of the latter. If there is only one place for a chandelier (in the center), then the spots can be placed in the form of various geometric shapes. In a room with an asymmetrical ceiling consisting of several levels, you can do without using a chandelier altogether. In such a situation, lamps should be placed in groups, illuminating different areas.

Children's

Incorrect lighting design in a children's room promises much more trouble. This requires a more diverse scheme. Your child will grow up, he will need to study, do homework, so set aside a separate area and do bright lighting. Sufficient lighting is required in the play area, but it is important not to overdo it. Finally, it is recommended to arrange more subdued lighting above the sleeping area. For this reason, the first thing you should do is decide on the location of the bed, table, play area, and then calculate the number of lamps.

Using two-tier ceilings lighting fixtures are installed along the boundary of the levels. There are many more schemes for flat ceilings - you can take one of them or come up with your own.

In the kitchen

The kitchen is another room consisting of several zones. The brightest light is required above the dining table and work area (food preparation). In the first case, it can be installed on the ceiling large chandelier, in the second - supplement it with spots built into bottom part wall cabinets.

Another layout is associated with spot installation lamps, the line of which will coincide with the contours kitchen set. But the spots need to be mounted not directly above the edges of the furniture, but 15–20 cm closer to the center of the room, which guarantees an even distribution of light.

For the kitchen, the choice of location of lighting fixtures depends on the style of the room itself and your preferences. To create a soft or intimate interior, use patterns with circles. Laconic design requires more straight geometric patterns. Be sure to try different sizes and types of lamps.

In the bathroom and toilet

In these rooms there is no need for a chandelier. This is due to the small area and electrical safety. The spotlights used in the bathroom are installed in the shape of a rectangle or oval along the walls. Additionally, you need to hang a wall-mounted device above the mirror.

In addition to design and style, do not forget about good moisture protection of the selected electrical appliances. Due to high humidity, try to avoid using fluorescent lamps whose choke is not sealed. Luminaires must withstand vapors and splashes of both hot and cold water. The location depends on the specific devices.

Small-sized baths remain so even with a combined bathroom. It won't be possible to accelerate much here - the area is still small. In a typical situation, two or three lamps are located above the bathtub and shower stall, and several more in the rest of the room. If you don’t like brevity, then try to buy lamps that are interesting in design or use electrical equipment with different beams of light.

In the corridor and hallway

The installation of spotlights on the ceiling in the corridor depends on geometric shape premises. In a narrow opening there are enough spots located in one row. In a rectangular room, it is ideal to use four lamps that form this geometric figure.

Do not forget that spotlights can be mounted not only under the ceiling, but also in various objects, as is done in the kitchen (under wall cabinets).

Installation instructions

Installation of spotlights in suspended ceilings begins with laying electrical wiring along the base ceiling. This is done before installing the tension structure. After completing the work, mark the areas where the lamps will be located. Build fasteners for them in advance. After installing the ceiling, make cuts in the marked places, install thermal rings that will not allow it to tear further. Pass the wires and connect the light sources at the end of the work.

Choosing the location of lamps is a process that requires following certain recommendations, compliance with electrical and fire safety and creative approach.

As an integral part of the interior, a stretch ceiling can be its basis or addition. But in both cases, the coziness and comfort in the room depends on its design. Now common tension options with several levels. It is very important to create a rational arrangement of lamps on a suspended ceiling and determine how many of them are needed.

Lamps on a multi-level stretch ceiling

Nuances

When placing lighting in a room, you must be guided by the following principles:

1. Low heat emission from lamps located close to the canvas or built into it. The permissible incandescent lamp power is a maximum of 40 W for PVC film, and 60 W for fabric cloth. For halogen light sources, the limits are correspondingly reduced to 20 W and 35 W.
2. In chandeliers, the lamps are located at great distances from the surface (at least 15 cm), there are no power restrictions. Spotlights with them are used to illuminate areas or create diffused light when the main one is turned off.
3. Spotlights on a suspended ceiling with an external location are mostly mounted as main lighting. They can be installed with higher power (up to 70 W) because they are better cooled and are removed from the canvas. In addition, a large area is illuminated and the distance between the suspended ceiling and the ceiling can be reduced.
4. Incandescent and halogen lamps require dimming devices.
5. To zone a room, it is advisable to install lamps on a suspended ceiling with the ability to rotate in order to reduce their number.
6. The number of point light sources should be minimal (one per 1.5-2 m2 of room area).

Dimmers cannot be used with energy-saving fluorescent lamps, which will go out or fail.

Lighting

For a suspended ceiling, you need to choose the right lighting and illumination so that a person does not feel discomfort.

This light source is used as the main one and has the following advantages:

• speed of installation and connection;
• lighting of the entire room;
• suitable for any interior;
• spectacular appearance and the ability to create an original design;
• ease and simplicity of lighting control due to switches;
• the ability to create diffused and directional light;
• All types of lamps are used.

The emergence of new types of lighting has also made it possible to identify the disadvantages of hanging chandeliers:

• maximum brightness in the middle of the room;
• formation of shadows;
• insufficient lighting of decorative elements and in the corners of the room.

The central chandelier does not allow emphasis on individual subjects interior and create various effects.

Placing a chandelier on a suspended ceiling

Point light sources are best used when installing suspended ceilings. They fit organically into the interior, highlighting the most important things. Advantages of spotlights:

• built-in design allows them to be used in any room;
• many location options;
• wide range of choice.

Incandescent lamps are used for suspended ceilings, but they require installation 8-12 cm lower, and are also limited in power due to high heat generation. Halogen sources are more commonly used, but they also generate a lot of heat.

Luminescent energy-saving lamps They have greater efficiency and heat up less. The disadvantage is the inability to smoothly adjust the brightness.

Good for spot lighting LED bulbs, but they are very expensive. Despite this, they are often used for additional lighting.

Posting rules

With any design, you should first of all perform following rules and requirements, on the ceiling:

1. The distance of the light source to the wall should not be less than 20 cm.
2. The chandelier is hung in the center of the ceiling.
3. Built-in devices are located at a distance of at least 15 cm from the seam of the PVC film.
4. When placed symmetrically, the devices should be at equal distances from each other and from the walls.

Each type of room has its own preferred method of lighting arrangement: in the living room, in the kitchen, in the bedroom, in the bathroom and others.

Options for placing lamps on a suspended ceiling

In the hall

In the hall there is usually a chandelier in the center, and spotlights are placed different ways: at the corners of a square or rectangle, in a circle, oval or diamond around the center (schemes 1, 4, 6, 7, 10, 12 from the figure above). The large hall houses 2 chandeliers, arranged symmetrically. Low-power spotlights are located in the corners. IN small room they can be made basic, and chandeliers not installed at all.

Spotlights on a suspended ceiling as the main lighting in a small room

In the bedroom

Intense lighting in the bedroom is not required. How many point light sources to place on the ceiling depends on user preferences. Near the bed there is a floor lamp or sconce with separate switches. It is advisable to regulate the brightness of the lighting in the room on the ceiling using dimmers. Behind the cornices and moldings there is lighting, which makes the bedroom feel more comfortable and spacious.

In the kitchen

It is better to place lighting in the kitchen according to schemes 2, 9. In the center of the room there is a pendant or ceiling chandelier. The arrangement of lamps on the ceiling will look unusual if you make them hanging above the dining table.

Pendant lamps in the kitchen interior

Point light sources in the kitchen are needed to illuminate areas above the work table, stove and sink.

In the kitchen, you need to plan the lighting in advance, taking into account how much furniture there will be and how it will be located. When Finishing work will be finished, it will be difficult to re-install the wires to the lamps.

A suspended ceiling with general lighting in the kitchen does not solve lighting problems. Here it is necessary to create multi-level lighting, since there are functional areas in the corners.

In the bathroom

The bathroom also has functional areas that require multi-level lighting. Combined lighting is widely used here: ceiling, wall, decorative elements with backlight.

Bathroom lighting

First of all, the bathroom requires safety as the electrical is combined with high humidity. You can only buy lamps with protection against splashes (marked IP 44) or against direct ingress of water (IP 55). The latter can be located close to the bathroom, but at a distance of more than 50 cm from the water.

Alexander Dragun, PhD, site expert

Properly organized lighting in an apartment or cottage, according to the overwhelming majority of owners, should create comfort and not harm vision. Here they are only partly right, since the general health of family members depends on the light in the room: their psychological and emotional background, the performance of the immune system (the author was not mistaken - it is the immune system that bears the brunt of omissions in the organization of lighting), and the speed of recovery body after physical and psychological stress. Therefore, special attention must be paid to the placement of lamps on a suspended ceiling.

What to consider when planning lighting

The lighting design process consists of the following stages:

• choosing the type and type of lighting fixtures for the existing interior;
• determining the number of light sources;
• developing a scheme according to which the lamps will be installed.

As can be seen from the sequence of work, the last thing you need to do is fantasize about how to place lamps on a suspended ceiling.

Work on lighting planning begins with determining the style in which the lighting system will be built, and, therefore, determining the type of lighting (central, spot, contour or combined) and the type of light sources (for the Art Nouveau style some lamps are needed, for the Baroque style - others, Provence - third, etc.).

There is high variability in decision-making: this may be a continuation of design ideas for decorating the interior of a room, which emphasizes the advantages and features of the installed furniture (richness, elegance) and wall decoration, mixing styles, or there may be options when lamps and their arrangement appear in contrast to each other.

Attention: issues with choosing lighting for specific style interior are discussed in the work "".

At the next stage, you need to identify areas in the apartment that will require individual luminous flux: brighter or muted. This is where errors in the lighting device are most sensitive.

It may turn out that part of the room is “eaten up” by darkened areas, in bright light the sky blue color becomes gray, as a result of which everything will look dull, the lack of additional light above desk will quickly lead to fatigue, incorrect location lamps near the mirror will not allow you to apply makeup correctly, etc.

Having decided on the type of lamps, you should determine their number, and then draw up a layout diagram.

Determining the number of lighting devices

The development of a layout of lighting fixtures begins with calculating their number. According to established tradition, ceiling panel installers determine the number of devices for lighting a room using a very simple formula: the area of ​​the room in m2 is divided by 1.5-2.0 - in their opinion, 1 light bulb should be installed for every 1.5-2 m2 . However, this calculation method cannot be recommended for practical use for two reasons.

• Lamps in lighting fixtures can be of different power, but this factor is not taken into account. This, in turn, does not allow us to comply with sanitary and hygienic lighting standards for each room of the apartment.
• The work ignores the presence of a chandelier (if you plan to install it). Excessive illumination has a very negative effect on general condition person - there is excitement, restless sleep and others Negative consequences. As a result, loss of performance the next day.

To quickly and accurately calculate the number of light sources, you can use the data from the tables below.

Illumination standards for living rooms in W/m2.

Based on the above data, the number of light bulbs is calculated simply: the area of ​​the room in m2 is multiplied by the illumination indicator in Watts and divided by the lamp power, also in Watts.

If you plan to install a chandelier, then first determine how many m2 will be illuminated by it, then calculate the number of spotlights. For example, in a hall with an area of ​​20 m2 it is planned to install a chandelier with 6 incandescent lamps of 40 W each. The first step is to determine how many m2 the chandelier will illuminate in accordance with the standards (6 x 40 W / 22 W/m2 = 10.9 m2).

The next stage is the area of ​​the hall that will be illuminated by spotlights (20 - 10.9 = 9.1 m2). Finally, the number of 10 W LED luminaires is calculated (9.1 m2 x 5.4 W/m2 / 10 W = 4.9). The result obtained is rounded up to an even number. Thus, in addition to the chandelier, it is necessary to install 6 lamps (according to the installers’ method, their number is much larger - 13).

You can use another table.

Correspondence of the luminous flux to the power of the lamps.

Here the calculation algorithm is slightly different.

1. The SNiP table contains the illumination standard.
2. By multiplying the area of ​​the room and the lighting standard m2, the total power of the light flux is determined.
3. From the table above, the light emission power of the selected lamp is determined.
4. The total lighting power in Lm is divided by the light power of the light bulb in Lm, resulting in their number.

Rules for placing lamps

At first glance, there is nothing complicated about how to place lamps on a suspended ceiling. However, there are rules here, the implementation of which will allow you to fit into the interior design and correctly distribute the light throughout the room:

• In large rooms (living room), it is advisable to install a chandelier, especially since almost all design styles include a classic lamp. If this is not done, then in order to achieve the level of illumination, you will have to install a very large number of spotlights on the ceiling, which in many cases runs counter to the aesthetics and efficiency of lighting;
• The centuries-old history of using chandeliers has developed a golden rule: the lamp should be located exactly in the middle of the ceiling, thus achieving optimal lighting of the room. In housing without walls separating living spaces (studio apartment), the chandelier is installed in the living room area or in the kitchen, also in the center of the ceiling space;
• To achieve uniform distribution of light flux in spacious kitchens without a chandelier, you need to combine light sources - add overhead lights to the built-in spotlights or use cascading lighting over one of the zones, here the final choice is determined by the imagination and taste of the apartment owner;
• When a chandelier is installed, the placement of additional lighting points is compositionally aligned with respect to the center of the room, regardless of whether the layout is asymmetrical or symmetrical;
• When mounting single light sources symmetrically, they should be installed equidistant from each other, the same distance is maintained in relation to the walls;
• With an existing connecting seam (PVC film), fabric manufacturers recommend making holes for lighting fixtures at a distance of at least 15.0 cm from the welding site;
• Recessed and surface-mounted lamps should be located at a distance of 200 mm or more from the wall;
• On a film ceiling, holes can be made at a distance of 300 mm or more from each other;
• Before developing a lighting scheme, the number of lamps is calculated.

Attention: in many materials devoted to this topic, it is recommended to take into account the presence of windows, which, in our opinion, is not entirely correct. Neither the number of windows, nor the walls in which they are located, can influence the number of lighting points and the pattern of their mounting on the ceiling.

For reference: the methodology for calculating the number of light bulbs and the rules for their installation fully apply to suspended ceilings from plasterboard.

Light source placement options

There are a huge number of options for placing spotlights on the ceiling in combination with a chandelier. But this does not mean at all that the layout of light sources in the bedroom will be suitable for the living room. Each room has its own nuances.

Kitchen

Approaches to organizing kitchen lighting depend on its size: small or large.

Small kitchen. When lighting small kitchens, it is necessary to solve two problems: to visually expand the size of the room and to illuminate the food cutting area very brightly. Here you immediately need to abandon the idea of ​​pendant lighting devices: a chandelier or a cascade of spotlights.

They do not allow bright lighting of all areas of the room. Darkened areas appear, causing the room to become even smaller. In addition, there is a problem of shadows that will interfere work area, you will have to install additional lighting under the wall cabinets. You can add a few additional lamps to a small ceiling area, but they will look ridiculous.

A solution to problems, both at once, is the placement of spotlights on a suspended ceiling in the form of 3 lines: one in the middle (not the center of the room, but the space free from the kitchen unit), and two along the walls. This placement of light sources provides uniform, shadow-free lighting. If in such a kitchen there is also low ceiling, we recommend using built-in lamps with rotating mechanism. The zigzag pattern also gives a good result, but this is at the discretion of the apartment owners.

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Big kitchen. Completely different tasks are solved here: general lighting, allocation of areas for work and lunch. The chandelier fits well into the interior and lighting scheme. It can be installed in the classic way, in the center of the ceiling, or above the dining table, highlighting the eating area.

True, there are two mutually exclusive approaches here: some argue that the dining area should be illuminated more brightly than the entire room (then a chandelier above the table is in place), others argue for dim light above the dining table. It’s hard to say who is right, but according to observations, many families have dinner by candlelight on weekend evenings. Dim lighting above the dinner participants, with general lighting turned off, fits perfectly into such family evenings.

IN Very large kitchens In addition to the chandelier above the dining table, it is advisable to hang cascading lamps with a lighting power control (dimmer), which will allow you to create a romantic atmosphere with muted lighting and a festive one with bright light.

A scheme with a cascade of lamps above the dining area can also be used in medium-sized kitchens. But here the chandelier does not always fit into the interior, so you can abandon it in favor of built-in and overhead light sources.

Don't forget about the work area. Rotating lamps will help here, additionally illuminating the cutting tabletop and stove. Location of spotlights general light can be different: rectangle, zigzag, circle, oval, etc. Everything is determined by the imagination and taste of the owners.

Bedroom

The bedroom is intimate place, where romantic and relaxing moods dominate, replacing each other. In both cases, you need warm, muted, well-diffused light, which is what Western experts write about, in contrast to Soviet-era scientists who created lighting standards for different rooms in an apartment.

You can create a cozy environment that allows you to relax and have a good rest different ways. Let's look at some of the most popular ones.

• The classic option is central lighting with a small chandelier and several built-in lamps located around it or along the perimeter of the bedroom. For young couples, you can use decorative LED backlight, creating a romantic atmosphere.
• If there is a TV hanging on the wall, then the lamps are installed in a line at the head of the bed.
• When decorating the interior modern style(there are quite a lot of them), two schemes are used: central when a multi-arm chandelier is mounted in the middle of the room, and recessed lamps are installed along the walls; decentralized, when spotlights are located around the perimeter of the room, forming a rectangular shape, in the center of which a darkened area is created.
• If available in the bedroom dressing table, sconces are attached to the edges of the mirror. Ceiling lighting could be anything. The second option is to install rotary lights with a separate switch on the ceiling, which will additionally illuminate the area where makeup is applied.

The main thing when organizing lighting in the bedroom is brevity: no a large number lamps, no bright light, no several types or forms of spotlights. The only yes is the trimmer.

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Hallway

In the high modern apartments In the hallway and corridor, ceilings are also stretched or suspended, which makes it possible to use built-in or overhead lamps when organizing lighting. At the same time, there are few options for placing spotlights on the ceiling in a narrow and enclosed space.

• The main lighting is provided by single pendant lamps with matte shades; built-in lamps illuminate the area of ​​the mirror and hangers. This placement scheme allows you to highlight the center of the room and divert attention from the corners, as a result of which the room visually increases.
• If you do not plan to use pendant light sources, it is recommended to install spotlights in the form of a “cross”, “zigzag”, or place them in a square or rectangle.
• A good example of hallway lighting is overhead spotlights, some of which have a rotating mechanism. Additional lighting of the walls with a darkened ceiling space visually expands the hallway (corridor).
• Glossy ceilings are additionally illuminated with lamps with a G9 base.

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Living room

The living room fully corresponds to the expression: “it depends on the taste and color, there is no friend” when organizing lighting. The variability of lighting layouts using different lamps is simply off the charts. Therefore, it makes sense to talk not about specific types design solutions when lighting a hall, but about how to correctly place accents when creating a lighting scheme.

Let's highlight the main tips:

• The living room should be brightly lit to achieve the effect of a spacious, open room, which can be achieved with a large number of lamps.
• Continuing the style of the room should be a priority. If it’s a classic, then a chandelier is a must; if it’s minimalism or “high-tech,” you can get by with linearly arranged spotlights for romantic moods The shape of a circle, wave, zigzag is suitable.
• Using central lighting where the chandelier dominates, built-in lamps must be placed along the walls, giving them auxiliary lighting functions: illumination of various zones, focus on one of the pieces of furniture, additional lighting of the chair where literature and the press are read.
• Spotlights allow you to divide the room into zones, which is very important for studios, where the living room is also an office, a bedroom, and a dining area.
• There should be separate switches with a trimmer for the chandelier and spotlights. Moreover, the more of them, the more effectively you can use the capabilities of the built-in light bulbs.
• Lamps with different light flows look impressive.
• In a hall with a square or rectangular shape, where there are no protrusions and niches, as well as rounded corners, symmetrical schemes that emphasize the geometry of the room are best suited.
• A low ceiling will be visually raised by circles of lamps installed one inside the other. To increase the effect, the size of the light sources and their power towards the center should decrease.

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Properly placed lighting can transform any room beyond recognition. Stretch ceilings themselves significantly decorate the room, and with skillfully produced lighting, they can sparkle with new facets.

Before you begin, it is important to carefully consider the layout of the lamps. There are a lot of nuances in this matter, and if you don’t know or ignore them, you can ruin the interior, the quality of lighting, and even increase energy consumption. Each room has its own preferred placement of lamps. In this article we will tell you how to place lamps on a suspended ceiling so that your room is beautiful, cozy and sufficiently lit, we will provide diagrams and clarify the nuances.

Basic location rules

There are certain requirements for the placement of light sources. To ensure a high-quality level of illumination, it is recommended to place products according to the following rules:

• There should be at least 20 cm from the wall to the first row of spotlights.
• The chandelier is hung strictly in the center of the ceiling.
• When the canvas is stretched, the distance from the spotlights to the seam of the PVC film should not be less than 15 cm.
• When calculating the number of lighting units, keep in mind that one spotlight can adequately illuminate 1.5-2 sq.m. It is better to take the first indicator as an ideal, but take into account the purpose of the room, because bright light is not needed everywhere.
• If you need to arrange the lamps symmetrically, it is important to ensure that they are all installed at the same distance from each other and relative to the wall.
• As for windows, you can experiment; there are no strict rules for the location of spotlights relative to the window. The main thing is that the level of illumination is sufficient.

Knowing these recommendations, you can now correctly place light sources on any ceiling, regardless of its finish. Now let’s take a closer look at the diagrams that make it most profitable to place lamps on a suspended ceiling.

Best layouts

Currently, when designing lighting, the following placement of light sources is most often used:

The most commonly used arrangement of lamps on a suspended ceiling is:

Calculation of the number of lighting fixtures

Before you start calculating the number of light units, it is important to decide on the type of lamps that will be used. The productivity of one unit, and therefore the required number, directly depends on this. Also, to calculate the number of lamps, you will need the following information:

• room area;
• type of lamps;
• number and location of windows;
• what areas need to be emphasized;
• design and purpose of the room.

There are established standards that you should rely on when making calculations.

The easiest way to determine the number of units is to take into account a simple rule - one lamp can illuminate 1.5-2 square meters of area. So, with a room area of ​​20 sq. m, you will need 10 - 13 lighting fixtures, which are best placed at a distance of 25-30 cm from each other. For a symmetrical arrangement, choose an even number of spotlights; the chandelier is not taken into account in this case, but is an addition, if necessary.

Having decided on the minimum required quantity, you can already decide whether to increase it or decrease it, depending on the purpose of the room. It is still recommended not to reduce the quantity, but on the contrary, because this way the light can be made as soft and uniform as possible, without clear boundaries, unless you have a zoning goal.

Features of lighting in different rooms

Each method of arranging lighting fixtures is attractive in its own way, but is not universal, that is, it cannot be used in any room. That is why next we will consider the features of the location of light sources in different rooms: living room, hall, kitchen, bedroom, etc.

Corridor

In most apartments, the corridors are quite uncomfortable, narrow and long, often L-shaped, so it is recommended to place the light here individually. For rectangular and elongated corridors, it is better to place spots along the perimeter of the ceiling, highlighting the center if necessary.

Kitchen

In the kitchen, it is best to place lamps on a suspended ceiling according to this principle: concentrate the light above the dining table, it is good if it is a chandelier, and in the work area it is good to install spotlights. The most suitable schemes in this case are 2, 5, 8 and 9 (see table). This arrangement is recommended to ensure that only the necessary parts of the kitchen are illuminated. By the way, this also allows you to save electricity, because you can always turn off the lights in the area that is not needed now.

Hall

There are a huge number of options for arranging lamps in the hall; suspended ceilings provide a wide field of activity here. The choice of lamp placement in this case is limited only by your imagination. You don’t have to install a chandelier, if the spots are arranged in a circle, this will give soft, subdued lighting. If you install a chandelier, make sure that there is a separate switch for it, so you can turn it off if desired and enjoy the soft diffused light from spotlights. This is very convenient when watching TV. Classic views The locations of light sources in the living room are illustrated in diagrams 4,6, 7,12. Also, for reading, it is good to place a sconce near the sofa.

Bedroom

The bedroom is a place of relaxation, so there is no need for bright lighting, which means it is quite possible to do without a chandelier. Nowadays, spot lighting, placed in a circle or oval, is increasingly used in bedroom interiors. You can also arrange the lamps in a checkerboard or zigzag pattern to add some flair to the room. Sconces near the bed are also relevant for reading.

Children's

Since it is often divided into 3 zones: study, play and sleep, it is recommended to apply zoning of the room and approach the lighting individually. The brightest lighting can be achieved using spotlights above the desk, for general lighting use a chandelier and place a sconce near the bed.

Bathroom

And finally - the bathroom. When placing lamps on a suspended ceiling, of course, you need to take into account the size and layout of the bathroom. Also note that only moisture-resistant lighting fixtures can be installed in this room. They can be placed around the perimeter of the room or in a checkerboard pattern. Placing a sconce in the area of ​​the mirror and dressing table adds a lot of coziness to the bathroom.

That's all the basic rules that need to be followed when placing lighting. We hope our recommendations will be useful to you, will make your work much easier and will help you create skillful lighting in your home.

Brief essence

1. Beautiful lighting is an integral part of a modern interior.
2. When starting to carry out lighting, it is important to take into account many nuances - the area of ​​the room, the type of lamps and their number, the design and purpose of the room.
3. There are many layouts of lamps on a suspended ceiling, depending on the area and purpose of the room.
4. Each room can be emphasized with skillful lighting. In the living room it is better to combine a chandelier and spotlights, in the bedroom you can get by with only spotlights and sconces, in the nursery it is good to combine a chandelier, sconces and spotlights. In short, any room can be decorated in an original way with the help of beautiful lighting.