Works without electricity. An air conditioner that operates without electricity is eco-technology. Autonomous gas oven

If you want to disconnect from the centralized energy supply system or simply know that you are facing a power outage in the near future, you will be interested in learning how to live without electricity. Although it is difficult for a modern person to imagine life without everyone electrical appliances, which play an important role in our everyday life, at the dawn of humanity, people were deprived of electricity. With determination, a positive attitude and a bit of ingenuity, you too can live without electricity for just one day or for the rest of your life.

Steps

life away from civilization

Part one: lighting and heating

Invest in alternative energy sources. If you plan to live without electricity, you will need to find other ways to power your home without the help of power companies. Renewable energy sources are in a great way do it. Install solar panels To harness the sun's energy, build wind turbines, power your home with a hydroelectric system, or install a generator.

Plan your lighting system. There are several options for how to best illuminate your home. One of them is a kerosene lantern. You can also use kerosene lamps, candles and led lights on batteries. You should also have a flashlight handy if you need to get up in the middle of the night and have no other light source.ref>

Prepare your home for winter. This means installing extra wall insulation, especially in the attic and around doorways. The heat goes under doorways, around windows and through the tops of the house. Create insulation systems that will allow you to lose as little heat as possible. Install flat threshold slats on bottom part doors. [ ]

Consider central heating. If you don't have a fireplace or wood stove, you should seriously consider the construction central heating, especially if you live in a cold climate. To heat the rest of the house, create outlets in the fireplace that lead to other rooms.

Part two: cooking

1. Think about how you will prepare the food. One of the best ways to cook without using electricity is with a wood stove. When the weather gets too hot to cook with a wood stove, you can replace it with a gas camp stove, which works in the same way as any other gas stove.

   Create a garden. Instead of buying fruits and vegetables from the store, why not grow them yourself? With just a few seeds you can turn your vegetable garden into a cornucopia. Plus, by growing your own food, you can be sure that your food is not exposed to any kind of contaminants.

   Raise livestock. if you have free space, try animal husbandry. Cows, goats and sheep provide excellent sources of milk, chickens provide eggs and meat, and raising pigs provides not only food but also compost for your garden. You can sell or store the food your livestock produces.

   Think about how you will store your food. An important part of life without electricity is Alternative option food storage, especially if you don't have a refrigerator. Almost all foods can be canned - from fruits and vegetables to meat and eggs. If you plan to make a lot of canned goods, consider purchasing home autoclave. Using an autoclave makes the canning process much more efficient.

Part Three: Other Basics of Living Away from Civilization

Make a compost pile. Compost pile- this is incredibly convenient, especially if you don’t want to pay for garbage collection by city services. A compost heap can easily help you prepare it yourself. nutrients for fertilizing the soil.

Make your own fertilizer. This is especially easy to do if you raise livestock. Your garden will thank you if you feed it with your own organic fertilizer.

Focus on items that you could produce for sale or trade. Consider your skills: are you good at sewing, cooking, carving or construction? Determine what skill might be needed to produce goods in large quantities. Also consider what things you can make with what you already have. Are you involved in sheep farming? Learn to knit or make sheep's milk cheese.

Wash your clothes by hand. Although this may seem like a difficult task, in practice it turns out to be much easier. Dry your clothes on the washboard, rinse them, and then hang them to dry.

power outage

Part One: Preparing for a Power Outage

Prepare an emergency kit. In addition to water and food long-term storage, there are other basic items that should be in every family's emergency kit: a flashlight, spare batteries, universal tool(such as a Swiss Army knife), a hand-held can opener, a seven-day supply of essential medications and personal care items, extra cash, a portable radio, and an emergency blanket.

• Make copies of your personal documents. This includes important medical information, passport, proof of address and birth certificate. You should also have a map of the area and a list of emergency contacts.

1. Pack a first aid kit. You don't know in advance what might happen during a power outage or who might need health care. Therefore, it is highly recommended to have a first aid kit in your home. You can buy already equipped first aid kits or assemble your own kit. Think over a list of medications that will need to be added to your first aid kit.

   Store water in the house. The Red Cross recommends preparing at least 4 liters of water per person per day. If possible, stock up on enough water to last at least a week (so if you have a family of three, buy 21 liters of water).

   Stock up on non-perishable foods. These foods should be easy to prepare, or even better, if you don't have to cook them at all. If you don't have accessible source heat - such as grilling or camp cooking, which are described in part two - prepare mainly shelf-stable foods that do not require cooking.

   Keep an eye on your family members. If you find yourself in an emergency during a power outage, call your family members before your phone dies because you won't be able to charge it once the battery runs out.

   Keep some entertainment on hand. You will not be able to turn on the TV, computer or any other electronic device, so prepare your entertainment in advance. But keep in mind that it is better not to waste the flashlight’s battery power by shining a light on a book at night. If you have lanterns or candles, place one on a table so everyone in the family can read, play games, or chat.

Part two: lighting and heating

Invest in several alternative light sources. These include flashlights, LED lights and candles. Store flashlights in places where they can be found quickly in the dark. Candles are a great option because they burn for a long time without using up batteries. Flashlights are especially useful when traveling at night. You can also use a lantern to illuminate the kitchen while cooking.

Think about how you will heat the house. If you have a fireplace, stock up on wood. Close off rooms you don't use because what little heat you have will spread throughout the house. Also, consider purchasing a kerosene heater. Please note: Heaters must be placed close to a vent when operating, otherwise they may cause an increase in carbon monoxide levels.

Charge if necessary electronic devices using a car. If you can get out and go to your car, you can charge the electronics you need (such as cell phones for communication between family members and flashlights with a built-in battery). You can charge your electronics through a cigarette lighter that is connected to your car's battery.

Part Three: Cooking

1. Store perishable foods in the refrigerator. The best way The way to do this is to purchase a block of dry ice, wrap it in newspaper and place it in the refrigerator. Find out where you can buy dry ice in advance so you know where to go in the event of an emergency.

   • Open the refrigerator and freezer only when it is really necessary. You can also cover your refrigerator and freezer with thick blankets to support low temperature inside them. Make sure blankets do not cover the vents of your refrigerator.

The dependence of modern man on electricity difficult to overestimate. There are practically no areas of activity in which it is not required. Therefore, few people think that energy supply is a damn fragile business that can be interrupted at any moment. Moreover, it does not even have to be a full-fledged power supply - it is enough for certain individuals to destroy the power lines through which electricity was supplied to a certain peninsula. Or for a certain country to stop supplying some other country with raw materials for the operation of power plants. And that’s it - the usual way of life collapses. Therefore, the knowledge how to live without light- not a strange whim of paranoids, but a vital necessity of any sane person. And in this article we will talk about what specific points you need to pay special attention to.

How to live without light: autonomy

Actually, the first thing you need to pay attention to. If there is no central power supply at all or the current is supplied periodically, the solution to the problem “to how to live without light? falls entirely on each person personally. And the easiest way to do this is diesel generator . A thing very familiar to those who are forced to live away from power lines. Pros - comprehensive solution almost all problems. Cons - consumes a huge amount of gasoline or diesel fuel, noisy, weighs a lot and (if you take a really good and effective one). This option is the most popular, because both gasoline and diesel generator can be bought almost anywhere.

But there is an alternative - solar and wind generators. Unfortunately for them efficient work certain weather conditions are required, while diesel generator works under any circumstances, as long as there is fuel. But all of these devices have a huge drawback - they are more suitable for solving the problem of surviving without electricity in a private home or country house than in a city apartment. Therefore, most city residents will have to come up with other options for how to live without light And .

How to live without light: water

There is no light - the water supply pumps do not work. The pumps don't work - the water supply doesn't work. The water supply does not work - the pipes are either empty or partially filled, which in winter climates can cause them to freeze and rupture. This means that there will be no water for a very, very long time. The solution is simple - stock up in advance. To do this, you need to at least find out the location of nearby wells and springs. And then - eggplants in hand and forward. The most fun is if you have to carry water somewhere on the sixteenth floor. And you will need a lot of water - for drinking, cooking, maintaining hygiene. So be mentally prepared for this.

If water is given periodically, these hours should be used immediately to create reserves. Filled pots, jars and a bathtub are quite rational decision. It just may happen that the pumps will not work in full power, so the water will not reach the sixteenth floor (the author lived for some time on the 16th floor and is familiar with the problem firsthand). And here it makes sense to negotiate with the residents of the lower floors so that they allow you to use their water. And what, lack of electricity is an issue that people can easily unite around.

How to live without light: warmth

No current - no water. No water - no heating. No heating in winter is a huge problem. Fortunately, it is completely solvable and only requires some preparation. Firstly - . Sweaters, gloves, any warm clothes - all these are mandatory conditions for surviving without electricity in winter. Secondly - gas. Seriously, a stove running on gas cylinders- An excellent solution to the heat problem. But this, again, is not an ideal solution, since not everyone has gas stoves, and the stove itself is a rather dangerous thing. Thirdly, special heating pads that facilitate the process of finding a solution to the answer to the question “ how to live without light?. There are many options here, ranging from the banal plastic bottle filled with warm water (heated at gas stove or a gas burner), ending with clever designs that effectively use the flame of a candle or the energy of burning alcohol.

Great example candle heater was developed by a certain Doyle Doss from California. How such an effective idea could come to mind in a hot climate is unclear, but the Californian put together a truly effective thing. Like heater- essentially several concentric ceramic or metal pots mounted on a central rod equipped with additional washers and screws. This entire structure is located directly above the flame of a burning candle. The rod gets very hot, and the heat is effectively distributed by the ceramic. Concerning alcohol heaters, everything here is also quite simple. We will need a tin can with a lid, alcohol and an awl. Somewhere at a third of the height, neat holes are punched around the perimeter. The alcohol is poured in and the jar is shaken slightly. After this, it is brought to the holes. The alcohol on the outside ignites, the walls of the can heat up, the alcohol inside begins to evaporate and exit through the holes, where it ignites. 50 ml will burn for about 15 minutes. You can, of course, use a factory-made alcohol lamp, but you still need to buy it somewhere.

Or you can also build a miniature one wood heater. For this we need two cans of different diameters. In the bottom of the larger one, we cut out a hole with a diameter the same as the smaller one, and also make small holes at a distance of a centimeter from the base. The base of the smaller one is covered with holes - this is necessary for ventilation, as are the holes around the perimeter somewhere in the upper part. The jars are inserted into each other, chips are placed in the smaller one and set on fire. The holes provide traction, the metal heats up and gives heat, and the fire can be used for cooking - cheap and cheerful. And it is possible.

How to live without light: leisure

Perhaps the most difficult moment, because modern man has difficulty finding something to do without using various gadgets. Fortunately, they come to the rescue batteries, which are either charged during a short-term current supply or connected to generators. Such batteries can simply be removed from an old car or electric car - they have decent power, charge well, and work for quite a long time. There are also special USB batteries and , which provide recharging mobile phones, tablets and smartphones.

So live without light Not only is it possible, but at the same time it’s not particularly boring. In the end, no one canceled paper books. Reading literature by candlelight is quite romantic and exciting, and most importantly, a useful activity. You can either buy candles or make them yourself. You can also use a headlamp - the main thing is that it is not battery-powered, but battery, which could be recharged when needed. And in general, forget about batteries - it’s not economically viable.

As you can see, the answer to the question “ how to live without light? exists. And it doesn’t even require special skills or expensive equipment. The main thing is to remember that problems do not last forever, that everything can be solved, sooner or later, one way or another. A live without light... Well, our ancestors lived without electricity at all - why are we worse?

A gas boiler without electricity is a traditional model of a floor-standing appliance that does not require additional energy sources to operate. It is advisable to install devices of this type if there are regular power outages. For example, this is relevant in rural areas or dacha areas. Manufacturing companies produce modern models double-circuit boilers.

They have reduced gas consumption, as well as the ability to adjust heating.

Many popular manufacturers produce different models of energy-independent gas boilers, and they are quite efficient and of high quality. IN Lately appeared wall models such devices. The design of the heating system must be such that the coolant circulates according to the principle of convection.

This means that the heated water rises up and enters the system through the pipe. To ensure that the circulation does not stop, the pipes must be placed at an angle, and they must also be large in diameter. And, of course, it is very important that the gas boiler itself is located at the lowest point of the heating system.

To this heating equipment You can separately connect a pump that is powered from the mains. By connecting it to the heating system, it will pump coolant, thereby improving the operation of the boiler. And if you turn off the pump, the coolant will again begin to circulate by gravity.

Boiler design without electricity

The gas boiler, independent of electricity, has:

• 2 gas burners – pilot and main;
• Combustion chamber - in such devices it is open for better traction;
• Automation;
• Boiler safety system - temperature sensor, backdraft valve (it is needed to regulate the operation of the chimney);
• Heat exchanger.

Non-volatile system gas boiler must have open expansion tank, since when the coolant heats up, the liquid expands. And this is what promotes coolant circulation. But during expansion, excess is formed, which enters this tank.

Ignition in such gas boilers occurs using a piezoelectric element, which operates when a button is pressed. With its help, the pilot burner is ignited, and the main burner is ignited from it. gas-burner, thanks to which the heat exchanger heats up and the desired liquid temperature is maintained.

After some time, the gas does not flow and the burner goes out, after the heat exchanger has cooled down the process repeats.

Advantages and disadvantages of independent boilers

The main advantage of this gas boiler is the lack of connection to the electrical network. Since this is an additional saving and there is no need to connect an outlet.

It should be noted that these devices are easy to use. And also system security. This type of boiler is the simplest. And suitable for heating like small house, so large premises.

Quiet operation of a dual-circuit device independent of electricity is ensured by the absence of pumps. Such devices are reliable and durable. This can be explained by the fact that such boilers have been produced for a long time and their operation has been tested in practice for more than one year. An independent boiler produces high efficiency. A double-circuit boiler easily provides desired temperature in the house and also hot water.

In such devices, the heat exchanger lasts much longer than in other models of gas boilers.

Let us note the disadvantages of such a boiler:

A gas boiler independent of electricity should only be installed in a house with good chimney draft. This is absolutely necessary for safe and quality work device. If the draft is insufficient, the fire will constantly go out due to the backdraft valve being activated.

If you have an independent gas boiler, it is not always heating system works as expected. For example, if you install pipes of the wrong diameter or do not calculate their desired location. All these factors are very important. It is better to design a heating system for a specific gas boiler, then there is a guarantee that no failures will occur.

Boiler operation

Since there is no access to electricity, double-circuit boiler there is a thermogenerator that stops the gas supply to the burner. This occurs when the heat carrier is exposed to the regulator. The automation resumes the gas supply to the boiler when the coolant cools down to certain temperature.

Ignition occurs using a piezoelectric element, which ignites the ignition burner (it burns constantly) and, if necessary, the main heat source is ignited from it. It helps heat the liquid in the heating system.

Types of independent gas boilers

The following types of boilers operating without electricity can be distinguished:

• single-circuit– apply only to the heating system;
• double-circuit- these are devices that, in addition to heating, also provide hot water for household needs.

Dual-circuit gas boilers in turn, they provide hot water in 2 ways: flowing and storage.

Selecting an independent boiler model

Gas boilers operating without electricity must fully correspond to the area of ​​the heated room. That is, the power must match the load.

Dual-circuit models foreign manufacturing companies are often more expensive than domestic ones, since they are more advanced and have attractive design. The manufacturer of the gas boiler must be chosen carefully; it is important to ensure that service center This company is in the city or nearby. Since, if necessary, you can find spare parts for repairing the device there.

The most popular manufacturers similar equipment are Alphatherm, Beretta - Italy, Attack - Slovakia, Protherm - Czech Republic, Electrolux - Sweden.

Domestic models of independent boilers are cheaper than foreign ones, but are considered less reliable. But we should pay tribute that such devices are already adapted to our weather conditions and the parameters under which they must operate.

A gas boiler without electricity can be chosen with a steel or cast iron heat exchanger. The most popular are cast iron devices. This is explained by the service life: cast iron will last 30 years, and steel 15-20 years.

Cast iron is not only stronger, but the design also means that the walls of such a heat exchanger are thicker. This prevents the walls of the heat exchanger from burning through. This device has been tested in practice.

The heat exchanger may also be subject to corrosion. A cast iron appliance is much less susceptible to such damage than steel. Corrosion on the heat exchanger appears if the temperature drops to the point that condensation appears. And this very moisture leads to corrosion processes.

Also cast iron heat exchanger Its design consists of sections. If necessary, you can change a section, not the entire device. Nowadays, impurities are added to the cast iron alloy, which make it even stronger. This means that it will not crack if transported incorrectly.

Rules for installing a gas boiler

It is better to install a gas boiler independent of electricity in separate rooms with a good ventilation system, and also ensure air flow there. Because due to open chamber Combustion air is constantly “eaten” by the boiler. Combustion products are discharged through the chimney.

When installing a wall-mounted independent gas boiler, a coaxial chimney is installed, the design of which is called “pipe in pipe”. Coaxial chimney Not suitable for all devices and requires specialist advice.

If necessary, you can install circulation pump. Mount it via bypass. It is recommended to install taps near it: 1 at the entrance and 1 at the exit. A tap is placed separately on the main line, which must be closed when the pump is running. If such taps are available, if necessary, you can repair the pump without draining the water from the system. It is recommended to install a filter in front of the pump.

There are certain conditions that must be maintained:

• the boiler room must have a positive temperature;
• fire safety. The walls in the boiler room must be equipped with non-flammable material. As a rule, asbestos or metal sheets.
• The first start-up of the boiler after installation should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist.

A specialist should also check that the chimney is installed correctly. It is necessary that it corresponds to the power of a gas boiler without electricity and to the standards established by competent organizations. It's better for everyone heating device there was a separate pipe. According to the standard, the chimney should be straight; if it is impossible to make it this way, then there should be no more than 3 turns.

The length of the chimney should be about 5 meters. The heating unit must be selected and installed in accordance with the pressure in the gas pipeline, usually it is 1.270 MPa. The documentation that comes with the device (passport) always indicates the acceptable limits of this indicator. Sometimes gas pressure indicators in winter time are decreasing. Knowing this feature of the region, you need to select a device without access to electricity accordingly.

Terracotta clay has been around for a long time. Despite the fact that we use its Italian name (terra - earth, clay and cotta - baked), this type of clay has been used since very ancient times. With its help, many cultures have made a variety of products for thousands of years. ceramic products and low-tech cooling devices. And all thanks to the porous structure of this material.

Wanting to create a natural air conditioner from terracotta, the company Ant Studio from New Delhi has designed a sculptural installation that can cool the air by passing small streams of water through it.

The exhibit was designed by Ant Studio founder Monish Siripurapu as a beautification project for an electronics factory. The design includes many terracotta tubes placed together in a metal frame in the form of a ring with a diameter of about 2 meters.

Siripurapu claims that traditional materials and design methods were used in the construction of the air conditioner:

“I'm an architect and I've always wanted to find a way to use ancient craftsmanship to create something that's environmentally friendly and aesthetically beautiful.”

The installation brings to life the idea that created an alternative to modern electric air conditioners. The factory management wanted to ensure their employees were healthy and comfortable conditions labor, but they could not afford a large cooling system. Therefore, the “terracotta” solution to the problem came in handy.

This exhibit works due to the fact that water flows over it (in this case, it is supplied there by a pump). Porous clay absorbs liquid, and as it slowly evaporates, the temperature of the air passing through these tubes decreases by 6-10 degrees. The use of cylindrical cones provides a large evaporation surface area to maximize the cooling effect.

There is a lot of knowledge and possibilities hidden in traditional materials and techniques, so modern designers look to the past as a starting point in order to solve the problems of the present and future.

Terracotta is another example of the hidden potential of these techniques. And, of course, her beneficial features require further study. Clay is a rich material that has many advantages over artificial substances.

Moniz assures that the design of such bright terracotta air conditioners will only improve over time:

“I believe that this experiment has fully justified itself. The results that emerged from our first attempt revealed much greater potential. We now know how to work with technology that could change the way we look at air conditioning forever. After all, this is a truly important component of any building. Moreover, each such system can act as a work of art.”