Homemade jigsaw for wood. How to make a jigsaw machine with your own hands? General drawing, structural features of desktop jigsaw machines

Here general scheme jigsaw machine operation.

I had a homemade machine, I already briefly wrote about it. Since I am a furniture maker, I made it from leftover LMDF. Cheap and cheerful :). I didn’t care at all about appearance, as long as I worked. And he did a good job! On it I understood all the nuances of sawing from solid hardwood, such as walnut, oak, ash. Everything would be fine, but the drive, and it was a Krees 350W construction jigsaw. I worked for 15 years! The speed control of the drive is “closed”, it turns on immediately to maximum and immediately breaks the file. I couldn’t find a native branded regulator. I have tried all sorts of regulators, dimmers for chandeliers and regulators from the seams. machines, vacuum cleaners. The desired result, namely a wide range of adjustment, I could not achieve.

The photo shows the principle of operation of the jigsaw. a construction jigsaw transmits oscillatory movements to a rocker arm, on which the file in turn is fixed.

In the end I gave up. The Moor has done his job, the Moor must go. I decided to buy a new jigsaw drive. All Chinese options jigsaws are not suitable, adjustment on them is just a name. In the Makita company store I found what I was looking for. 450 W jigsaw. Wide range of adjustment, and does not scream like Chinese jigsaws! Works quietly!

Here is my new drive, Makita 4327.

I found a new drive, but it didn’t work out to install it instead of the old one, the height is not suitable. I decided that rather than redo it, it would be better to make a new one, taking into account the elimination of the inconveniences identified during the process of working on the old one.

1. Increase the clearance from the file to the frame (on the old one it was 27 cm). For this you need an elongated rocker arm.

2. Increase the vertical stroke of the saw for good chip removal. (on the old one, the saw stroke is 18mm.)

3. Appearance! Schaub was not ashamed to take photographs. :)

And so! the machine is ready!

Here it is my new machine!

The clearance from the file to the frame is 45cm! The vertical stroke of the saw is 30mm! Dream!

Test cutting. The result is excellent! The Makita regulator works great. The machine makes noise like a household sewing machine.

The article will primarily be useful to those people who often work with wood as a hobby, without making money from it. The author presents quite budget project desktop jigsaw, which can be assembled in one day, with minimum costs for materials.

To create the machine you will need the following materials:
- Working manual jigsaw;
- Plywood;
- Self-tapping screws and bolts with nuts;
- Guides for furniture drawers;
- Two bearings;
- Compression spring;
- Spray paint;
- Self-adhesive paper.

Materials and tools are standard, available in every workshop.

Step 1. Body.
The first step is to create a body for a manual jigsaw from plywood. Here you need to think in advance where the holes for the switch and speed controller will be located.
It should look something like this:

Step 2. Tabletop.
It is better to take a thick piece of chipboard with good coverage, since the workpieces being processed will rub against it during operation of the machine.

A hole for a saw blade is drilled in the chipboard. The jigsaw itself will be attached to back side countertops.
A stem for attaching the boom is also made from furniture guides:

Here's what it looks like assembled:

And the tabletop is attached to the body:

Step 3. Arrow.
The boom itself will be made of two furniture guides. They are bolted together to increase rigidity.

The boom supports are made of chipboard. Before painting and installing them, the point at which the boom is attached to the support is measured. Before doing this, they need to be installed in their place:

After this, it is necessary to drill holes in the support for the bearing seats.

Step 4. Painting.
The prepared supports are spray painted.

While they dry, the machine itself is covered with self-adhesive tape.

Step 5. Assembly.
Bearings are inserted into the supports and screwed into place.

The boom mounting axis will be made of two bolts screwed into the guides as shown in the photo. The diameter of the bolts is selected in accordance with the diameter of the inner race of the bearing.

The bolts are tightened securely, after which the two halves are screwed to each other.

This clearly shows how the boom will be secured in the supports:

The boom is installed in its place and secured with nuts.

Next you need to install the garter spring. It is necessary in order to return the arrow to initial position, after the jigsaw pulls it down. This is how the saw will move back and forth. It must be adjusted so that it is not too soft (this will complicate the operation of the machine) and too hard (this can lead to overheating of the jigsaw motor).

How to secure it is shown in the photo:

Then, from a thin strip of metal (1 mm), it is necessary to make fastenings for the file to the arrow. They must rotate freely on the axis, since during operation the boom changes its angle of inclination to the jigsaw, and if they are static, this can lead to breakage of the saw.

This is what the mounts should look like:

The boom supports are additionally reinforced with a long bolt, it can be seen in the photo:

Step 6. Electronic part.
Since access to a manual jigsaw is limited, it is necessary to move the controls to outer part housings.

To adjust the rotation speed of the jigsaw electric motor, the author used a phase power regulator. Here is its electrical diagram:

Here's what it looks like:

When installing the board to the semistor, it is necessary to screw the radiator; if this is not done, it may overheat and fail.

The jigsaw is disassembled and the power regulator is connected to electrical diagram.
It is also necessary to install a power button for the machine.

IN Lately I was very interested in cutting out with a jigsaw, I don’t even know why. It all started with the fact that I needed to cut out several gears from plywood...

And off we go. At first I cut out the gears by hand, then I thought, pumping the muscle with a hand jigsaw is of course good, but if you automate the process, it will be much faster!

So, first of all, let's get to know this manual jigsaw for artistic cutting.

(all photos in this article were found on the Internet)

To saw you need files, they are thin as wire, with sharp teeth. Previously, such files were sold in a pack of 50 pieces, recently I went to the store, and these “bimesmen” started selling them individually. You can break a couple of these files in an evening.

For cutting, we will also need a special table, it can be a board with a conical slot, screwed to the table with screws or a clamp.

To make it easier to attach saw blades to the machine, it is better to use special device, which will compress the contour of the jigsaw, so you can easily change the file without effort. With the help of a wooden eccentric, compression occurs.

And now about automation. In the next photo you see a factory-type tabletop jigsaw; you can find a sea of different modifications on the Internet. This thing is not very expensive, but even if I really want it, I won’t be able to find it in my city, and in principle there’s no need.

Industrial machines are, of course, good, but I’ll probably use them for a couple of months and give up on this activity, and in general, such a machine, as I learned, can be easily assembled yourself from plywood and wooden blocks.

The following photo uses an industrial manual jigsaw and a spring to return the saw.

So, we can easily assemble a tabletop jigsaw with our own hands at home. I personally did just that, but I have a special design, there are no photos of me in this article, but I will definitely post them, as well as a video in progress.

A very fast and fairly compact tool, it can be incredibly useful for making straight and curved cuts. The appearance and functionality of the jigsaws sold are impressive, making one believe in the incredible complexity of the design of these devices. In fact, to recreate such a mechanism, it is enough to understand the principle of its operation, have instructions and the desire to do something with your own hands. It is not at all necessary to be an expert in technology with many years of experience (although this quality will not be superfluous). Next we will carry out detailed analysis an average model of a jigsaw with drawings, and we will provide two detailed guides for making such a tool yourself.

How does an electric jigsaw work?

Although the device of a jigsaw is not particularly complicated, its mechanism has certain features that require familiarization. To understand how to make a jigsaw, you first need to understand what causes the saw blade to make reciprocating movements. For the clearest understanding of the principle of operation of the device, we will present the main components that make up the mechanism of the instrument and describe their interaction with each other.

The basis of any electric jigsaw is the following components: an electric motor, a gearbox and a rod with a saw blade clamp. To the secondary ones, but no less important elements, include the start button, support roller, cooling fan and soleplate. As additional functionality, many models have a pendulum stroke, a dust collector, lighting and a laser guide. We will not touch upon the operating principle of the latter, and will move on to a description of the interaction of the main elements of the mechanism.

High frequency movements saw blade jigsaws, originate from an electric motor, started by pressing a button or directly from the network. Rotation is transmitted along the shaft to special mechanism“gearbox” with an eccentric that interacts with the rod, forming a reciprocating movement. The mount installed at the end of the rod holds the saw that makes the cut. To minimize the load on the rod with the gearbox, the rear edge of the saw blade rests against the support roller. In this way, all components of the device are involved to perform the main task of sawing all kinds of materials.

Electrobolic drawings

A detailed study of any device is much easier when there is detailed diagram with a description of each element. Thanks to the exact names of parts with dimensions, general idea the operating principle of the mechanism becomes more clear. Below we have placed several detailed illustrations, since assembling an electric jigsaw with your own hands with detailed drawings is much easier than relying only on your understanding of the design features.

We hope that the presented diagrams will completely clarify your understanding of the structure of such a mechanism and provide useful food for thought in assembling your own jigsaw.

Making a jigsaw with your own hands

For a craftsman who understands the principle of operation of any mechanism, it will not be difficult to reproduce it, especially if he has detailed instructions. The bicycle has already been invented, and to make it yourself, it is enough to have a set of necessary parts and tools. The guide below will demonstrate in detail how to make a jigsaw with a complete listing of the elements and tools required for the job. The product being created is not a stationary device, but a mobile saw with an electric drive. The device has not much power, but it is enough to cut wood up to 5 mm thick.

Required materials:

Wooden block - 150x75x25 and 75x25x25 (width, height, thickness in mm)
Metal plates – long and rectangular (as in the photo)
Jigsaw blade with U-shank
Electric motor RS-540 12V (any similar one can be used)
Circuit closing button
Nozzle gas stove
Bicycle spoke
Plastic circle with a diameter of 260 mm
Plywood - 120x50x5
Set of self-tapping screws, bolts and nuts

By instruments:

Hacksaw for metal
Triangular file
Pliers (2 pcs)
Screwdriver or drill with a set of drills
Metal scissors
Pencil

When collecting materials, it is important to understand that the above components do not claim absolute accuracy and can be replaced with similar ones. When making a homemade jigsaw for cutting, you should be guided by the presented manual, but do not forget about ingenuity and improvisation. If the specified element cannot be found, you can always replace it with something.

Assembling the jigsaw will begin by cutting out the handle from a larger block. To do this, it is enough to make a cut, giving the rectangular board L-shape as in the photo. The dimensions of the cut part are set “by eye”, based on the preferences and size of the operator’s hand.

One of the most important components of the device, which serves as a movable rod and a saw blade clamp, requires increased reliability. This element is made of a long metal strip, 1 mm thick. At the end, trace the outline of the file shank, after which a notch is made with a triangular file to create a pressure plate. Part of the metal strip is bent with pliers along the contour of the shank, after which a file is installed in the improvised mount and drilled through hole for additional fixation with a bolt.

The saw blade mounted on the rod must be connected to the device using a guide. This part is made of metal plates rectangular shape. Using pliers, bend the center of the plate into a flat groove for the rod with side mounting lugs. To prevent abrasion of the wood and facilitate the movement of the saw, we apply a similar piece of metal to the front side of the prepared handle and screw it together with the groove. As a result, the following design should be obtained.

At the end of the rod, we carefully bend the metal until we get a kind of loop into which the end of the crank mechanism lever will be inserted.

We screw the previously sawn-off wooden rectangle to the top. It will serve as a stand for the motor, creating extra space for installing crank elements.

The conversion of engine rotations into reciprocating movements will occur using a simple mechanism made of a round plate, a gas nozzle and a weight-bearing spoke. In the center of the circle, drill a hole with a diameter equal to the threaded part of the nozzle (so that it fits as tightly as possible). Next, install the nozzle in place and fix it using epoxy resin. We put the dried structure on the electric motor shaft. If the nozzle hole is too narrow, you can widen it with a drill required diameter. Between the center and edge of the circle, drill another small hole with the diameter of a bicycle spoke.

Unfortunately, it is not possible to find the upgraded gas stove nozzle with a side screw used in the instructions everywhere. If only an ordinary one is available, it can be fixed on the shaft using tin and a soldering iron, as in the photo below.

Having combined the motor with the round plate, it's time to turn it into a real crank. To do this, take a bicycle spoke and use pliers to bite off the curved head and threaded part to form an even metal rod. Next, we retreat 10 mm from one end and bend it at an angle of 90°. We insert the bent part into the previously prepared eye in the rod and lift it up so that the saw fastening screw rests against metal plate.

The accuracy of the next step is most important, since the amplitude of movement of the saw depends on it. Need to determine exact location to make a second bend of the rod so that the crank and rod connected by it work most efficiently. To do this, we place the engine in the place of the future mounting and place the outermost hole of the circle upward. Next, we bring a rod to the hole, the opposite edge of which is inserted into the eye of the rod raised all the way and mark the place of the bend. We bend it at an angle of 90°, insert it into the hole of the circle and check the functionality of the mechanism. If the crank works as it should, fix the motor in place with a metal plate.

The next structural element will be the installation of a sole, which will also serve as a support for the saw blade. Make similar detail possible from regular plywood, 5 mm thick. In the center of one of the ends, we make a small cut (20-30 mm) and pass the file of our jigsaw into it. We fix it with a self-tapping screw with a countersunk head.

The final stage There will be a start button installation and wire connections. The button can be displayed in any place convenient for you. The author considered it necessary to place it on hot glue in the corner of the handle. Creating an elementary electrical circuit(motor-button-network and motor-network) and connect to a 12-volt power supply.

For a smoother ride, it is recommended to lubricate the rod with oil.

A more visual demonstration of this instruction, but unfortunately without comments, can be seen in the video below.

Homemade jigsaw for polystyrene

Assembling a fairly convenient and reliable device for cutting thin pieces of wood and polystyrene. This method is almost similar to the previous one, but has a more functional design. Compose detailed description How to make this electric jigsaw with your own hands is not necessary, since the design of the device is similar to the previous assembly. We will bring full list necessary materials and manufacturing tools.

Plywood 200x200x5 mm
Wooden block - 120x50x50
Spatula or sheet of metal, 1 mm thick
Metal terminal for connecting wires
Metal rod (spoke)
Hacksaw blade
Electric motor (DC) 12 volt
A piece of thin, flexible plastic
Fastening metal corner
A piece of PVC pipe as a handle
Contact closure button
12 volt power supply with DC plug
DC power connector
Self-tapping screws, bolts and nuts

The above list of materials is only a subjective choice of the author of the instructions and does not claim absolute accuracy. When you make something with your own hands, you need to improvise and come up with creative uses. various details. If you don't have an element in stock, perhaps someone else can handle its function.

By instruments:

Needle file
Metal scissors
Pliers
Drill or screwdriver with a set of drills
Core drill for wood with a diameter of 44 mm
Soldering iron
Thermal gun

To understand the assembly process of all the above items more clearly, take a look detailed video“how to make a jigsaw with your own hands.” Most questions related to the design of the device will disappear by themselves.

There is also another option for making a homemade jigsaw. The operating principle of this product is similar to the previous two; there are some nuances in the design. We hope that the following video will be useful and give you fresh ideas to create your own instrument.

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By making a jigsaw with your own hands, you will not only be able to purchase a practical tool, but also save money. cash: it will be much cheaper than the factory analogue, while possessing a full range of functions. A homemade jigsaw will allow you to create products of complex shapes from wood, plastic and other materials, the production of which with hand tools under normal conditions would take a lot of time and effort.

A homemade jigsaw allows you to make cuts of complex shapes.

You should consider the structure and sequence of manufacturing a simple tabletop electric jigsaw, assembly features and the procedure for working with it.

How does a tabletop jigsaw work?

As the name suggests, this tool is designed to be placed on the surface of a desktop or workbench. Compact dimensions allow you to work with a jigsaw both in a workshop or garage, and at home. An electric jigsaw is an indispensable tool for making complex wood decorations, curly carvings on plywood and similar works.

Kinematic diagram of the jigsaw drive.

It is necessary to take a closer look at the structure of a factory-produced desktop jigsaw. This will allow you to understand the main features of the device and apply them in a homemade model.

The components of an electric jigsaw can be divided into 3 parts:

movable frame with saw;
fixed base;
Electrical engine.

The operating principle of the tool is as follows: an electric motor rotates a crank mechanism, which converts rotational movements into reciprocating movements. The movements are transmitted to a movable frame on which the saw is tensioned.

The homemade device works using the same principle. To simplify the design, the movable frame can be replaced with a regular hand jigsaw.

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Parts for electric jigsaw

When assembling an electric jigsaw, it is important to find a suitable motor that will drive the working tool - the saw. A motor from a drill, blender, etc. is perfect for this purpose. food processor or other equipment of the same type.

It is better to make the jigsaw frame from aluminum pipe.

The movable frame is made from metal profiles, wooden planks or slats from durable plastic. It is most convenient to work with aluminum tubes square section, since they are easy to process, have low weight and a significant margin of safety.

To fix the jigsaw in the desired position, you should make a reliable frame for it from wood or metal. The dimensions of the frame do not have much impact on the operation of the jigsaw. They depend only on which version of the tool you need - a compact tabletop or a full-size one installed on the floor.

The jigsaw table is made from a thick sheet of plywood, in which a small diameter hole is made where the file will move (Fig. 2).

A gasket made of elastic material - rubber or leather - is placed between the body and the table, which will dampen vibration.

There is also a simpler option on how to make a homemade jigsaw. It consists in the fact that a manual electric jigsaw is mounted in vertical position into a table-stand, while its file is attached tensionally to the movable guide bars - levers.

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Assembling a table jigsaw

Construction homemade jigsaw begins with assembling the body, which can be made of plywood, chipboard or metal. The most simple model of this instrument can do without a housing, but in this case strong vibrations occur, which can significantly affect the ease of operation. In this case, two holes are made in the jigsaw - one for attaching the crank to the tool, the second for movably fixing the jigsaw itself to the table. After starting the engine, the jigsaw begins to produce reciprocating movements that facilitate sawing of the material.

Such a spring will provide the necessary tension on the jigsaw saw.

A more sophisticated model includes two separate strips with wing nuts installed at the ends. At the opposite end, the planks are pulled together by a strong spring, ensuring constant tension on the saw. Such a device operates from a separate motor or, for example, from a drill.

There is a vertical bar running inside the case, which is fixedly attached to its bottom or one of the walls. Two holes are made in it, the distance between which should be 2-3 cm less than the length of a standard file. Bolts or pins are inserted into the holes, onto which strips are placed that hold the file.

The engine is built into the housing and is attached to the bottom bar by means of a disk with a connecting rod mechanism. A table with a hole for a file acts as a cover for the case.

The main disadvantage of a jigsaw with a separate motor lies in its most intricate part - the crank mechanism. The file with it makes not only vertical, but also oblique movements, which cannot but affect the cutting accuracy. If you need to get a precise tool, then it is better to replace the motor with an inexpensive factory-made manual jigsaw. It is attached under the surface of the body and a file is passed through the table, clamping it with one end in the jigsaw and the other in the upper bar of the structure. This design ensures sufficient cutting accuracy, bringing this parameter closer to factory models.

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Advantages of using an electric jigsaw

A jigsaw allows you to make complex cuts very accurately.

Unlike hand tools, the electric jigsaw has clear advantages, among which:

more high speed work;
the ability to work with two hands, which increases accuracy;
safety - with proper organization A stationary labor tool is much safer because it cannot break out of your hands.

Besides, self-production An electric jigsaw will save money, since factory machines of this type are quite expensive.