What is the best gypsum plaster for wet rooms? Plaster for bathrooms and other wet areas. Moisture-resistant plaster: types, application

Plaster for wet areas requires the use of waterproof mixtures.

Such compositions increase the degree of protection for the walls of basements, basements, bathrooms and swimming pools.

Waterproof plaster is a universal product that does not require specific skills to use and does not require significant costs. Money.

Moisture-resistant mixtures are used for outdoor, interior decoration premises.

Plaster can serve as a base for tiles, screed when leveling walls, and also as a decorative coating.

Suitable for bases made of materials such as:

• Concrete;
• Foam concrete;
• Gypsum;
• Brick;
• Stone;
• Gas silicate.

The undoubted advantages of plaster are:

The water resistance of the material provides reliable and long-term coverage in unheated rooms and rooms with high humidity.

High-quality adhesion makes it possible to use the mixture on almost all surfaces.

Creation of an absolutely even layer, no shrinkage or cracking of the coating. After drying, no cracks form.

The mixture contains environmentally friendly components, which makes the material absolutely harmless to human health and external environment.

Due to the presence of plasticizers in the composition, the solution is easily applied to the base.

Kinds

Plasters for rooms with high humidity are divided into several types: gypsum, cement and polymer.

The gypsum mixture contains a variety of natural mineral and modified components that provide excellent performance.

When applied to the base, the composition lies in an even layer, leveling is carried out using a level, ensuring smooth surface, which does not require additional processing.

After prolonged exposure to moisture on plastered walls, when completely dry, they remain fully suitable for use, having a sufficient margin of safety.

Cement plaster for wet rooms is characterized by strength, durability and resistance to high humidity.

The main component is cement grade M 150 or M 200, additional components are river sand and lime.

Due to the properties of cement, mixtures based on it are resistant to temperature changes and constant exposure to moisture.

Polymer plasters are characterized by a high degree of water resistance, ductility, strength and durability. Such mixtures are made on the basis of acrylic, epoxy resins and polyurethane.

Polymer compositions are not used for major leveling of surfaces; they are applied thin layer on a pre-prepared base and are used for decorative cladding.

How to prepare plaster yourself

To prepare a moisture-resistant mixture with your own hands at home, you will need special hardeners that increase moisture resistance.

They are added to sand-cement composition in a 1:1 ratio. Alternatively, lime can be used as a hardener.

The mixture should be thoroughly mixed, avoiding the formation of lumps - this affects the quality of plastering.

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An insufficiently mixed solution will lead to cracking of the coating, as a result of which the protection against moisture penetration will be compromised.

Application technology

The plastering process is carried out in several stages:

Preparing the walls. Includes cleaning the base from dust, dirt and various deposits. The old coating must be removed.

Making shallow cuts. It is advisable to make the notches in the form of a herringbone, this will ensure high-quality adhesion of the mixture to the base.

For these purposes, you can use a chisel, a sandblasting machine, or any suitable available equipment.

Applying the starting layer. The solution (paste-like consistency) is applied to the base using the point-to-point method.

The thickness of the plaster layer for wet rooms should not exceed 0.5 cm. Please note that there is no need to level the plaster; it should have an uneven surface.

Treatment . The walls are treated after they have completely dried.

If the coating is done well and the primer is distributed evenly over the base, one layer is sufficient, otherwise it is advisable to apply an additional layer of primer after the previous one has dried.

Execution of the finishing layer. To do this, the primer layer should be moistened with water, then wide spatula, on which the solution is evenly applied, apply to the base.

The tool must be pressed firmly against the wall surface at an angle of 20 degrees.

Grout. It is customary to perform it a couple of hours after applying the “covering” layer, without waiting for it to set.

If you rush and start sanding the walls too early, plaster layer may peel off in layers from the base.

If it is too late, the composition will partially harden and it will be almost impossible to achieve its uniform distribution.

Sanding the plastered surface. Sanding must be carried out if you plan to paint or wallpaper.

After the composition has completely dried, using sandpaper, the surface of the walls is carefully sanded until it is perfectly flat and smooth.

If the instructions do not require the use of primer mixtures, then plastering can be carried out without subsequent priming.

Such compositions have a high degree of adhesion to the base due to the content of special components.

After stirring the polymer mixture, experts recommend leaving it for a quarter of an hour, then stirring again and using it for its intended purpose.

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Modern materials for wall finishing, one of which is moisture-resistant plaster for the bathroom, make it possible to use this finishing technology in wet rooms along with traditional options- tiles, painting, panels. And, if you adhere to certain technologies in using this type of plaster, it can be a worthy replacement for painting or tiles, since the material is quite original, durable and diverse.

Preparing the walls

Feature of using moisture resistant decorative plaster in the premises is the preparation of the walls. The basic ability to resist moisture depends on the materials used to level the walls and form the base for the decor. Special moisture-repellent cement-based mixtures or gypsum plasters, such as Rotband, are well suited for this.

Today there are also more modern materials, for example, sanitizing plaster for the bathroom. This is a type of cement-sand mixture to which certain components have been added, thanks to which it has a number of advantages over other plaster options:

• Creation of a moisture-proofing layer;
• The ability to regulate the microclimate of the room, absorbing and releasing moisture;
• Resistant to salt precipitation, which destroys most building materials, especially in humid environments;
• Crack resistance;
• Environmental Safety.

Decorative plaster options for bathrooms

There are a lot of types of decorative plaster, so it is difficult to subject it to a specific classification. Let's consider the main options and the possibilities of using them in a humid environment.

Depending on the substances that make up the plaster, they are distinguished: mineral, silicate, silicone and acrylic. To be moisture resistant decorative finishing for a bathroom I have been happy with for a long time, it is necessary to choose the right type, and for this it is important to know the features of each.

Mineral plaster

Mineral decorative plaster contains cement and lime. Crushed marble is also added to add texture. The larger the marble pieces, the deeper the surface relief of the plastered wall will be. This type of wall decor is waterproof plaster for the bathroom, because it contains waterproof components. This type of finish is easy to care for - dirt is easily washed off with plain water;

Waterproof decorative plaster for mineral bathrooms has good water vapor permeability. This creates comfortable conditions indoors due to the fact that the walls can “breathe”. Also, the mineral finish is not susceptible to the influence of time, endurance only increases during the aging process. Almost all types of this type of finish have a light shade.

Note: The disadvantages of this type of plaster are intolerance to constant vibrations and low elasticity. When choosing it for use in the bathroom, you should take this into account.

Polymer plaster

Acrylic (polymer) plaster is a mixture of water based, which is already ready for work. It contains synthetic resins and ash elements, and may also contain glass and crushed marble. Color range This type of finish can be selected as desired, since it can be tinted.

Before use this type finishing in the bathroom should consider all the positive and negative aspects. The positive thing is that acrylic plaster high resistance to the influence of water, on the other hand, it has virtually no ability to transmit steam, like any polymers, so it is better not to use it in rooms with poor ventilation. Also water-repellent plaster for the bathroom on acrylic base can last up to fifty years;

Silicone plaster

The composition of this type of plaster includes silicone resins. For those who plan to renovate their bathroom permanently, this type of wall decoration is most suitable. The durability of silicone plaster is more than sixty years.

The use of silicone plaster for finishing bathrooms is facilitated by the repellence of water and ease of cleaning from dirt, and mold and mildew do not grow on such walls.

Important to know: Silicone-based moisture-resistant bathroom plaster is quite resistant to ultraviolet radiation. If the room is open to the sunny side, this type of plaster will be an ideal option.

Silicate decorative plaster

The basis of this type of wall decoration is potassium glass, also called liquid glass. Walls covered silicate plaster, perfectly repel water, resistant to the spread of fungus and mold. Moreover, this finish has high vapor permeability.

The choice of colors is unlimited: moisture-resistant decorative plaster for the bathroom based on silicate has more than 250 different shades. Among the disadvantages of this plaster, one can note the rather high price.

Types of plaster according to application technique

All of the above options for bathroom plaster allow you to realize different design ideas using different application techniques:

• “Goose skin” or “fur coat”. This technology is performed with a piece of newspaper crumpled into a ball or a sponge wrapped in cellophane, which is used to fill the relief on the surface. wet plaster;
• "Bark beetle." This decor is realized using a construction float and plaster with inclusions of a large fraction. The grooves are formed as a trace of these coarse-grained inclusions during the process of vertical or horizontal leveling of the plaster with a trowel;
• Decorative grooves are applied to the raw finish using a regular or special spatula. In this way you can imitate stone or brick masonry;
• Venetian technology on this moment is the most popular method of decorative wall decoration. It is realized by applying mixtures different color layer by layer, with constant grouting and scraping of layers. The result is an imitation of masonry or marble.

Conclusion

The renovation industry is constantly evolving and delights us with new opportunities for a creative approach to room decor. For example, until quite recently, decorative plaster for the bathroom seemed completely in an exotic way finishing, and today it is used very widely. We introduced you only to the main options for this type of coating. We hope you find this information useful.

Waterproof plasters are made using solutions with the addition of ceresite, liquid glass and sodium aluminate.

Waterproof plaster mortars based on ceresite

Waterproof plaster solutions prepared with ceresite by sealing the dry cement-sand mixture ceresite milk. Ceresite plaster solutions are used no later than an hour after mixing. Solutions based on ceresite do not adhere well to the previously applied layer, so they must be applied in thin layers.

Waterproof plaster solutions on liquid glass

Plaster solutions on liquid glass set quickly, after 2 - 5 minutes. after the retreat. Therefore, they need to be prepared in small quantities, which can be consumed before setting begins. To work, first prepare dry cement mixture, which is then sealed with a solution of liquid glass. The covering is made from ordinary cement mortar, since liquid glass is destroyed by the air contained in it carbon dioxide. Concrete on liquid glass.

Waterproof plaster mortars with sodium aluminate

Waterproof plaster solutions with sodium aluminate are used to make surfaces waterproof, seal holes in concrete and for plastering on damp surfaces made of concrete or brick. Before use, sodium aluminate is diluted with water. To obtain a solution of 2-, 3-, and 5% strength, you need 1 wt. Dilute part of sodium aluminate in 15, 10 or 6 parts of water.

To obtain a waterproofing solution, first prepare a dry cement mixture of composition 1: 3 by weight (cement: sand), then the mixture is sealed with a solution of sodium aluminate. Acid- and alkali-resistant concrete.

Ironing of cement plaster

To obtain a dense and smooth waterproof film on the surface of cement plaster, the plaster is ironed. Before ironing, the layer of cement plaster is leveled and rubbed. There are two methods of ironing: dry and wet.

Dry ironing can only be done horizontal surfaces. To do this, fill a small frame with a sieve with holes of 0.6 - 0.7 mm. and pure cement is poured onto it. If you hit the sieve, the cement will lie in a thin layer on the freshly grated cement plaster. After applying a layer of cement 1.5 - 2 mm thick. it is leveled and compacted with a cutter, a plaster spatula or a trowel. It is necessary to level quickly, since after a while the cement begins to draw moisture from the wet plaster, turning into dough.

Waterproof plaster is a universal coating that can very well become a good barrier that prevents moisture from penetrating inside various buildings. Plaster for wet areas is modern finishing material, which today is in great demand among repairmen. Buy high-quality plaster is not as difficult as it seems at first glance, but it is necessary to carefully study the characteristics of the material in order to make the truly right choice.

Plaster for wet rooms: types of material

It's no secret that modern plaster can be used to achieve the following goals - decorative decoration of premises, renovation of the bathroom, etc. However, the main purpose of any plaster is protection from moisture.

The material performs this task perfectly because it has a number of advantages:

• Excellent waterproofing characteristics. Plaster can be used for both interior and exterior work. The material is usually used for finishing rooms that suffer from high humidity resulting from a sharp change in temperature.
• Good plasticity and ease of application. Decorative, gypsum or cement plaster is applied to the surface without much difficulty, forming a durable and even insulating layer. Also, bathroom plaster can be leveled with a regular spatula, so there is no need to buy expensive equipment.
• Environmental friendliness. As mentioned above, waterproof plaster can be decorative, cement or gypsum. These materials do not emit any harmful substances, resistant to impact high temperature and quite durable.
• Versatility. Plaster is perfect for bathrooms, boiler rooms or other wet rooms, regardless of the type of base on which it will be applied.
• High strength. Typically, plaster forms a hard waterproofing layer, which does not lose its original qualities for a long time.
• Affordable price. Nowadays, many people who are planning renovations in their apartment want to buy exactly waterproof plaster, and the affordable price of the material only helps to increase demand.

The fact that modern plaster is ideally combined with such bases as brick, cinder block, etc. deserves special attention. natural stone and others.

Plaster for wet rooms: the most famous brands

Today, manufacturers offer different waterproof plaster according to affordable price, but we recommend paying attention to the following types materials that have already proven themselves to be the best:

1. Bergauf "Praktik" This mixture is usually used for repair work in rooms where the humidity level does not exceed the norm. The plaster is perfect for working on concrete, old cement, plasterboard and brickwork.
2. Founds PC22. This composition is intended mainly for leveling brick and concrete walls. Also specifications plasters allow it to be used for interior and exterior decoration of premises, regardless of their degree of humidity.
3. Founded PC23. This plaster is used by craftsmen for both interior and exterior decoration premises. The main advantages of the mixture are good vapor permeability, resistance to sharp changes temperatures and laying in a thin layer.
4. Stroybrig Tanilit. Cement plaster, which boasts ease of application, excellent strength and other positive characteristics. A similar composition is usually used for finishing facades and leveling walls.
5. Volma Aquaslayer. This mixture is one of the lightest in its class. It contains various fillers, polymers and mineral additives that have a beneficial effect on the performance properties of the plaster. As a result, such a solution is quite strong and reliable.
6. Weber Vetonit TT40. Cement plaster is of fairly high quality. It is resistant to various types of mechanical stress, so it is often used by craftsmen to level walls and ceilings in residential premises.
7. Founds PC117. High quality material, which is intended for the base plaster layer. Such a solution is practically indispensable for insulating facades and interior finishing work.

As you can see, each of the above materials has clear advantages, therefore, when choosing plaster, first of all, you need to take into account performance characteristics mixtures.

This article will discuss the possibility of using various types plasters for finishing bathroom surfaces and other wet rooms. Our main task is to select an adequate option for use in difficult conditions.

Leveling and decorating the base

Despite innovations in the field of construction, not all owners of apartments in new buildings can boast of smooth walls. And when their curvature is especially an eyesore in the bathroom, it’s worth sacrificing a few square centimeters of space to give the room a decent look.

This can be done using special moisture-resistant plasterboard sheets mounted on a frame or glued. It’s better to go the route of plastering the surface - this way you can more efficiently use the already small area of ​​the bathroom.

In general, the use of plaster for wet rooms can solve two global problems:

1. preparing the foundation for subsequent finishing works. This could be tiling or some other piece materials, painting, applying decorative plaster, etc.;
2. giving the base a finished look using thin-layer decorative compounds. And if in the first case the choice is small, then in terms of design the number of options is almost incalculable. But more on that later.

Leveling walls (or ceilings) is carried out using solutions based on binders such as cement or gypsum. Usually they give preference to ready-made dry mixtures with adjusted proportions of components, but this does not prevent you from mixing the solution yourself.

We will talk about the advisability of using gypsum plaster below, but for now we invite you to familiarize yourself with the approximate prices for dry mixes.

(*) Taking into account the unclear situation with the exchange rate of the Russian ruble and the abrupt change in prices for dry mixtures, the table shows estimated cost solely for the purpose of comparing formulations on the “more expensive-cheaper” principle.

We did not give the entire range of Ceresit and Knauf plasters as examples. You can get acquainted with them in separate articles. The same applies to decorative plasters. Basically, you can use any Venetian plaster. Just don’t forget to use it as a finishing layer. protective composition. For example, wax for Optimist plaster. At a price of 500-800 rubles. per kg, the packaging is enough to treat a surface area of ​​10-15 square meters. m.

What solution to use for leveling

This question is ambiguous - it all depends on the specific situation. For example, gypsum coatings are very susceptible to operating conditions with high air humidity. Direct exposure to water is like death for them. This suggests a solution to isolate the leveled plane from the external environment. This can be done using a coating-type waterproofing composition. It would seem that the problem is solved. But even in this situation there is a risk.

Let's assume that you have plastered the walls and ceiling along the beacons, protected them from humid air Using waterproof solutions, the tiles were glued. And after some time, the upstairs neighbors accidentally forgot to turn on the tap or knocked over a bucket of water on the floor, which will definitely have time to seep through to you. In this case, moisture will come into contact with the plaster from the unprotected side. This will cause it to swell and reduce adhesion. In the worst possible situation, tiles may fall off the walls.

But there are mixtures that are labeled as “moisture-resistant plaster.” They are also gypsum, but due to their composition they allow you to obtain a surface that is not afraid of exposure to moist air.

The video below discusses situations when you can use gypsum plaster, and when it is better to use it for finishing bathrooms. cement compositions. Well, in general, it shows to what condition it is better to refine the base for subsequent gluing of the tiles.

Why so a large number of Do finishers use gypsum plaster when leveling the walls in the bathroom? This is all explained by the fact that this composition is the easiest to work with. In fact, these people work “for themselves” with cement mortar - it’s more reliable.

And for good reason: exactly cement mortar considered the most successful solution for the bathroom. It is characterized by good adhesion to stone bases, water resistance, and durability. Below is a video on how to do it plastering work In bathroom. We are talking about leveling the base for subsequent gluing of tiles. The video demonstrates an approach to installing beacons and using an adhesive layer for better adhesion of cement-based plaster.

In most cases, you can get by with regular dry plaster mixture M150. It is produced by many manufacturers, and it is quite capable of coping with the task of leveling the base in the bathroom and other wet areas. Advantages: low cost, accessibility, ease of use and high quality finished surface. Disadvantages: high consumption (per 1 sq. m. 18-20 kg with a layer 10 mm thick), it is necessary to take a significant pause for the coating to achieve the desired properties.

Beacons are often secured using gypsum plaster using cement plaster to form a leveling layer. After it has set, it is imperative to remove the beacons and clean the wall from traces of gypsum mortar.

If you are planning to lay tiles for the first time, but are dealing with an uneven base, do not rely on the ability to adjust the plane by adhesive solution. Better work on the wall with plaster. Perfect flat wall much easier to veneer!

You can experiment with a solution whose components are cement and liquid glass. It sets quickly and just as quickly gains strength, but allows you to get a truly high-quality waterproof coating.

Regardless of the degree of water resistance of the finished plastered surface, it should be additionally treated with a primer deep penetration or suitable waterproofing compounds, for example, the same Aquastop, etc.

We must not forget that high humidity carries not only the threat of destruction of the finish, but also the development of microorganisms, mold, etc. Therefore, it would not be superfluous to apply a fungicidal primer, both on an unplastered base and after leveling the walls with mortar.

From the “You shouldn’t do that” section. When plastering an old bathroom, you must remove the paint layer completely, otherwise the plaster will “bounce” and fall off along with the tiles glued to it. If you mix the cement-sand mixture yourself, then do not skimp on the cement. Due to its deficiency, the coating may turn out to be too fragile.

Decorative plaster in the bathroom

You can use any ready-made solutions. An important role is played by applying a protective layer, which will serve as a barrier to moist air. And despite the fact that the attitude “In the bathroom - only tiles!” is still entrenched in our minds, everything more people discover limitless possibilities decorative plaster.

Video for those who doubt the advisability of using decorative plaster when finishing rooms such as a shower or bathroom. In fact, today there are compositions that, in their own way, water resistant properties almost as good as tiles. And if you take into account the integrity of the canvas and the design possibilities that open up, then making a final decision on the choice of material becomes not so easy.