What kind of land is needed for sakura. Japanese cherry sakura: cultivation and care. When and how does it bloom

Sakura is the common name for certain types of cherry trees. Their harvest is meager, but during flowering the plants amaze with their beauty. A guest from Japan can be grown from seeds in domestic gardens. home tree may have the size of an ordinary sakura or be its copy several tens of centimeters high. Gardeners share their experiences, photos and video recommendations on how to avoid mistakes and successfully go through the long journey of growing a tree.

Sakura from seeds: preparation for planting

The basis for growing any crop is high-quality seed material. Sakura seeds can be bought in specialized retail outlets. Seed germination is poor - no more than 20%. On this score, gardeners advise:

buy more material;
use products different manufacturers to determine who has better quality.

Sakura seeds

The process of planting a tree requires the following actions:

Perform stratification. For seeds, you should imitate natural winter weather. To do this, put them in a bag of wet sand and place them in the warmest compartment of the refrigerator. At a temperature of +4...+5 °C the material should be stored for at least 2-3 months.
A couple of days before planting, soak the seeds for a day in lukewarm water.
To help seedlings break through the seed coat, scratch or puncture outer layer mechanically.

Sakura seeds are planted in calcined or otherwise disinfected coarse sand. This substrate is most suitable for germinating seeds and, in addition, will protect the crop from diseases. An alternative to sand is moss or vermiculite. Use a wide and shallow container as a pot. Be sure to have drainage holes.

How to plant and pick sakura at home

Proper planting is half the success of future sakura growing:

treat the seeds with a fungicide;
moisten the substrate;
deepen the seeds half a centimeter into the grooves made (there should be at least 3 cm between them);
fill up the planting thin layer fine-grained sand;
cover the pot with film or glass;
leave at a temperature of +5…10 °C.

Seedlings should appear in 1.5-2 weeks. Until this point, care consists of keeping the top layer of soil moist, providing plenty of light, and gradually raising the temperature to room temperature. When shoots appear, plant them in separate pots. The distance between seeded seedlings should not be more than 10 cm if you move them to a new common container.

Sakura blossom

Picking - important condition normal development of sakura. Repeated transplants help strengthen the root system. Sakura seedlings are left untouched only in the cold season. They are placed in a cool, shaded room until spring. Key moment in picking grown seedlings - selecting new pots. The gardener has two options:

leave the crop to grow in a cramped container and form a bonsai version of the tree;
move it to deeper and wider pots and prepare the tree for the garden.

Features of tree care

Sakura varieties have many differences in cultivation techniques. To grow bonsai sakura, the roots are shortened every season, and horizontal cuts are made on the bark, right on the trunk. For garden tree these methods are irrelevant - you form a seedling in a room and then transplant it into open ground.

The rules for caring for a specific variety differ. common feature- trees are capricious and require daily attention. The tree needs soil enriched with humus, potassium, and nitrogen. During the season, sakura is watered with half a glass per day, in winter - less often. It is important for the plant good lighting and absence of drafts.

Sakura bonsai

The secret of the beauty of sakura is not only in large and abundant flowers, but also in the aristocratically built crown. It can be formed starting from 2-3 years of age of the plant. In the natural and miniature versions, the branches are arranged according to the same pattern. The crown can mean a straight trunk, a bend in the spirit of centuries-old Japanese cherry blossoms, or widely spread branches.

Advice. To create a wide crown, prune the main shoot when you think it is tall enough. You can also trim the side shoots to correct their direction.

How to prune bonsai sakura correctly

To grow miniature crops, experts use various tricks and techniques. The goal is to make even a young tree look like a hundred-year-old tree. For this:

Expose some of the roots by removing a small layer at the base of the trunk. It should be thick. To do this, regularly remove all vertically growing shoots.
The barrel should not be too long. Cut off part of the root at its base. When replanting, deepen the cutting area into the ground. Over time, new roots will grow on it. Then the tree can be picked again, removing the old rhizome.
The heaviest branch of the tree will be the bottom one. Which shoot to leave for its formation - decide based on the compositional idea.
For a broom-shaped crown, prune vertically growing branches as much as possible. For vertical - on the contrary, protect vertical branches. In this case, only horizontal ones are cut.

The bonsai tree needs all these manipulations constantly. Otherwise it will lose its shape. The gardener's goal is to maximize decorative effect from sakura. If you adhere to cultivation technology, provide the plant with a little care and attention every day, then the Japanese guest will delight you with lush, large and bright color every spring.

Growing bonsai: video

Japanese sakura tree. Features, planting and care

Sakura is an ornamental plant, a close relative of our cherry (plum subfamily, species - finely serrated cherry). This tree does not bear fruit; it is grown for flowering. Sakura grow on the territory of the Korean Peninsula, China, and the Himalayan Mountains, but the largest number of both the trees themselves and their varieties grow on the Japanese islands.

Sakura feels very good in the neighborhood with her relatives. Often, parallel rows of cherry blossoms are intertwined with branches to form a kind of arch. During the flowering period, the flowering arch makes an indelible impression. The sakura tree grows up to about 8 meters (although there are specimens over 20 meters high).

What does sakura look like?

Bark of tree smooth, with small horizontal cracks. The color of the bark is gray, with shades of green or red. Sakura wood is very elastic due to its high resin content. Sakura leaves are oblong in shape with serrated edges. During the flowering period, tree branches are covered mainly with white or pink flowers.

Sakura flower. Usually, sakura flowers consist of five double petals, but in Japan varieties have been bred with flowers with up to fifty petals with a diameter of about 6 centimeters - which makes them look like peony flowers. There are sakura flowers different color: Most often these are white and pink, but there are flowers in yellow, red and even green.

Imagine how sakura blossoms. She, like our cherries, bloom before leaves appear, and therefore it seems that the dead branches are covered with luxurious flowers (due to which associations with rebirth and renewal arise). Some types of sakura do bear fruit; sakura berries are called “sakurambo”.

The fruits resemble miniature cherry, have the same color. The seed is large, covered with a thin layer of pulp, which has a strongly sour taste. Sakurambo are sold in special miniature boxes for very high price. No other tree looks like what sakura looks like during the flowering period. The flowering time depends on the location of the tree and its type.

When does sakura bloom?

Sakura trees, growing on the southern Japanese island of Okinawa, bloom in January. There are varieties of sakura that bloom in the winter months, others bloom in late spring, and there is a variety that begins to bloom in late autumn. How long sakura blooms depends on weather conditions - the cooler it is, the longer it blooms. Rainy and windy weather greatly reduces flowering time.

Is sakura a cherry or a plum?

Sakura is a close relative of both cherry and plum trees, and is also related to pear, peach and apple trees. All of them belong to the plum subfamily (Prunus), the Rosaceae family.

Sakura - types

Sakura is represented by 16 species, and 400 hybrid varieties. The following types of sakura include:

Small serrated cherry . The height of the tree is about eight meters, they bloom large flowers;
Short-bristled cherry . Trees up to 10 meters high, blooms with medium-sized pink flowers;
Sakhalin cherry . Trees up to 12 meters, red leaves, blooms with small white-pink flowers. Foxes and flowers open in sync;
Ferruginous cherry . A shrub plant no more than 150 centimeters high. Blooms with white and pink flowers.

Thus, the most common varieties of sakura are someyoshino ( distinguishing feature very large white flowers) and shidarezakura (pink flowers).

Growing sakura

In order to grow sakura from seedling You should adhere to a number of rules and recommendations:

Sakura should be planted at higher elevations. They prefer non-acidic soil; drainage is a must. In the first years after planting, sakura needs to be wrapped for the winter. negative temperatures. If cultivated varieties of sakura are propagated by cuttings and grafting, then wild varieties are propagated by seeds. So, in principle, you can grow sakura from seeds at home.

Seeds should be sown in summer as soon as they are collected. Regardless of the method of planting sakura, you should care for it as follows:

Additional watering is important during flowering and leaf formation;
It is necessary to regularly feed plants in the spring with nitrogen and potassium containing fertilizers. If there is insufficient feeding, trees stop growing and developing;
at the end of summer, trees need to be fed with potassium and phosphorus containing fertilizers;
pruning and crown formation should be done in early spring, before the process of juice movement begins.

Sakura the most susceptible to fungal infections, in particular – coccomycosis. Treatment and prevention are carried out only a few weeks after the end of cherry blossoms. During the flowering period, you cannot spray the tree - this will kill the bees that pollinate the trees.

Also, the tree may be subject to aphid invasion; in order to prevent aphids from getting on the sakura, the trunk should be treated with ordinary petroleum jelly (this will prevent the aphid-carrying ants from climbing the tree). In general, sakura at home is very beautiful and not very difficult.

Sakura is the common name for certain types of cherry trees. Their harvest is meager, but during flowering the plants amaze with their beauty. A guest from Japan can be grown from seeds in domestic gardens. A home tree can be the size of an ordinary sakura or be a copy of it several tens of centimeters high. Gardeners share their experiences, photos and video recommendations on how to avoid mistakes and successfully go through the long journey of growing a tree.

Sakura from seeds: preparation for planting

The basis for growing any crop is high-quality seed material. Sakura seeds can be bought at specialized retail outlets. Seed germination is poor - no more than 20%. On this score, gardeners advise:

buy more material;
use products from different manufacturers to determine who has better quality.

Sakura seeds

The process of planting a tree requires the following actions:

Perform stratification. For seeds, you should imitate natural winter weather. To do this, put them in a bag of wet sand and place them in the warmest compartment of the refrigerator. At a temperature of +4...+5 °C the material should be stored for at least 2-3 months.
A couple of days before planting, soak the seeds for a day in lukewarm water.
To help seedlings break through the seed coat, scratch or pierce the outer layer mechanically.

How to plant and pick sakura at home

Proper planting is half the success of future sakura growing:

treat the seeds with a fungicide;
moisten the substrate;
deepen the seeds half a centimeter into the grooves made (there should be at least 3 cm between them);
cover the planting with a thin layer of fine-grained sand;
cover the pot with film or glass;
leave at a temperature of +5…10 °C.

Sakura blossom

Picking is an important condition for the normal development of sakura. Repeated transplants help strengthen the root system. Sakura seedlings are left untouched only in the cold season. They are placed in a cool, shaded room until spring. The key point in picking grown seedlings is the selection of new pots. The gardener has two options:

leave the crop to grow in a cramped container and form a bonsai version of the tree;
move it to deeper and wider pots and prepare the tree for the garden.

Features of tree care

Sakura varieties have many differences in cultivation techniques. To grow bonsai sakura, the roots are shortened every season, and horizontal cuts are made on the bark, right on the trunk. For a garden tree, these methods are irrelevant - you form a seedling in a room, and then transplant it into open ground.

The rules for caring for a specific variety differ. A common feature is that trees are capricious and require daily attention. The tree needs soil enriched with humus, potassium, and nitrogen. During the season, sakura is watered with half a glass per day, in winter - less often. The plant needs good lighting and the absence of drafts.

Sakura bonsai

Advice. To create a wide crown, prune the main shoot when you think it is tall enough. You can also trim the side shoots to correct their direction.

How to prune bonsai sakura correctly

To grow miniature crops, experts use various tricks and techniques. The goal is to make even a young tree look like a hundred-year-old tree. For this:

Expose some of the roots by removing a small layer at the base of the trunk. It should be thick. To do this, regularly remove all vertically growing shoots.
The barrel should not be too long. Cut off part of the root at its base. When replanting, deepen the cutting area into the ground. Over time, new roots will grow on it. Then the tree can be picked again, removing the old rhizome.
The heaviest branch of the tree will be the bottom one. Which shoot to leave for its formation - decide based on the compositional idea.
For a broom-shaped crown, prune vertically growing branches as much as possible. For vertical - on the contrary, protect vertical branches. In this case, only horizontal ones are cut.

The bonsai tree needs all these manipulations constantly. Otherwise it will lose its shape. The gardener's goal is to maximize the decorative effect of sakura. If you adhere to cultivation technology, provide the plant with a little care and attention every day, then the Japanese guest will delight you with lush, large and bright colors every spring.

Growing bonsai: video

Sakura - belongs to the tree-like representatives flora from the Plum family. Japan is considered the true homeland of this tree; it is in this country that mass cherry blossoms are observed in the spring, which attracts tourists so much. The flower of the plant has a variety of color shades, from white to dark pink. It is according to these characteristics that sakura are distributed by type. Home Japanese sakura- a separate variety of plant that is able to grow and reproduce in our climatic conditions.

Many landscape designers More and more often they began to introduce the planting of this particular plant into their projects, because its beauty will not leave even the most inconspicuous area unnoticed. Every gardener wants to have this extraordinary cherry in his garden or country house. So how to grow a full-fledged homemade sakura It is quite difficult to grow from seeds; most people resort to buying ready-made plants. But it is worth noting that Japanese sakura, grown with one’s own hands from seeds in ordinary home conditions, is not a myth, but a reality. In order to fulfill your fantasies or simply surprise your neighbors beautiful tree on the balcony of the apartment, first of all, you need to know the basic rules for growing sakura directly at home.

Preparing to grow sakura from seeds at home

First of all, it should be noted that the method of growing sakura from mature seeds directly at home has its positive aspects:

no need to spend money on buying plant seedlings:
Sakura takes root well, as from the very beginning it adapts to certain environmental conditions.

At minimum costs It is sakura, like an extraordinary tree, grown at home that will become an unsurpassed decoration of the living room or loggia. Growing beautiful sakura from seeds at home involves using the following varieties: Amanogawa, Shirofugen, Shirotae, Tai Haku.

The most important point in cultivating plants whose origin is foreign is to adhere to all the basic rules for planting and care from leading botanists and breeders. First of all, you need to know how to properly plant Japanese cherry seeds for growing at home.

Preparation of planting material involves the following steps:

Before planting, seeds are carefully inspected and only whole, undamaged, healthy seeds are selected;
a day before planting, the seeds should be filled with water at room temperature with a small amount of manganese or a certain fungicide.

Important: the so-called process of soaking and disinfection is a very important point, since growing healthy sakura in certain home conditions is quite difficult. Therefore, it is necessary to exclude everything possible options damage by fungi or mold to a young, unprotected plant.

The frequency of planting plays a significant role; it is best to plant sakura from seeds in early spring or early autumn. This way the plant will enter the desired vegetation cycle and will grow up healthy and beautiful. To achieve visible results and obtain healthy plant, you must adhere to the rules of planting seeds and seedlings.

How to properly plant sakura seeds at home

For planting, use seeds collected from the plant after the flowers have dried; the storage time of planting material should not exceed 1 year;
it is necessary to plant 2 times more seeds than plants are needed, since there is a certain percentage of seedlings rising;
be sure to provide protection from direct sunlight;
adhere to the planting interval between seeds: for large seeds it is 5-7 cm, for small ones it is 2-3 cm.

By following the rules and using quality planting material, in just a couple of months you will be able to see young shoots, which will eventually need to be transplanted to a certain place on the site. Sakura, like home wonderful flower, you will feel great on the balcony.

Regardless of the variety and selection, sakura requires planting in a certain soil for normal growth and development of the tree body and further formation of flowers. That is why, when preparing for planting, you need to take into account the fact that the plant is predisposed to coarse-grained sandy soil; this is the kind of soil that should be used.

First of all, you will need to disinfect the soil, this can be done using special drugs or, directly, by roasting in the oven. Thus, they kill all unnecessary bacteria and fungi that can cause harm to both seeds and young plants.

The second one is very important point is the choice of container for planting. Depending on the desired number of sprouts and taking into account the interval between plantings, you should take a container of appropriate length.

For example: for 6 large seeds you will need a container at least 30 centimeters long.

It should be taken into account that in the early stages of development root system Sakura is fibrous, the depth of the container should be from 5 to 10 cm.

The container is filled with soil, it is necessary to have a tray and drainage holes at the bottom for air circulation and moisture. You need to put pebbles or small stones at the bottom of the flowerpot.

Planting Japanese cherry from seeds in apartment home conditions involves the use of compact plastic containers, specially designed for growing seedlings. Such containers fit very compactly on a windowsill or on a cabinet.

Planting seeds:

sowing of seeds is carried out in soil with a humidity of at least 60%;
the bones need to be immersed to a depth of 1-2 centimeters;
The top of the container must be covered with polyethylene to maximize moisture retention and create a certain atmosphere;
watering should be carried out once every 2-3 days, before climbing, water using the soil method, after - only with a tray;
2 months after climbing, the plant can be transplanted into another container for single growth.

At the age of 6 to 9 months, sakura can be planted in open ground.

Feeding sakura from seeds at home and photos of flowers

It is worth knowing that at the time of germination, young cobs use nutrients from their own cotyledons, so fertilizing during planting is excluded, as this can provoke the development of fungi or oversaturate the soil with organic matter, which will ultimately slow down, rather than enhance, the growth and development of the plant.

Top dressing nutrients It is carried out using a pallet method when the tree has reached a height of at least 5 cm, it is at this time that the root system has formed, is able to function properly, and requires additional nutrients.

It is necessary to take into account the fact that sakura requires constant care when growing at home; this applies, first of all, to fertilizing with organic fertilizers in the period before flowering or on time. There is no need to apply fertilizer before entering dormancy.

The state of true peace corresponds to the seasonality and growing season of the plant, that is, with the onset of autumn and winter, sakura seems to fall asleep in order to renew its strength until next spring.

You can see how homemade sakura is grown on the balcony in the photo:

Sakura bonsai grown from seeds at home

Sakura bonsai, grown from seeds in ordinary home conditions, will ideally fit into the interior of a house or apartment. Bonsai should be grown in wide, shallow containers to prevent the root system from growing. During the growth period, when the plant has reached at least 25-30 centimeters, you can begin to form a crown. To do this, it is necessary to cut off the main podium so that the tree develops a wider crown. Unusual crowns can be made by tying the growing branches with wire to create a specific look.

Important: it is quite difficult to grow a sakura tree in the open ground from seeds at home in summer cottage conditions; it is best to use seedlings for further planting on the site.

Planting of seedlings is carried out in the fall; the age of the seedlings should be at least 6 months, and preferably more. The older the seedling, the more resistant it is to factors environment. Very young seedlings will have to be wrapped for the winter when frost arrives, so as not to lose the plant.

Planting rules are identical to growing from seeds; any type of soil must be mixed with sand for maximum survival rate of the sprout. Do not forget about fertilizer and watering, and also periodically drain the soil around the tree to improve air exchange in the root system. Proper care picking sakura will not require much time, the most important thing is to do everything clearly and according to the rules, and the efforts made will give an unsurpassed result.

After the home sakura surprises you with its first flowers, you can collect seeds and give advice to your friends on how to properly grow Japanese cherries with your own hands.

Check out the homemade sakura in the photo below:

Sakura bonsai can reach large sizes in natural conditions. With proper care, it will fit in a small pot, while remaining an exact copy of a Japanese cherry. Sakura is a recognized symbol East Asia, the flowering of which is accompanied by national holidays. It is possible to grow a reduced reproduction of such a tree at home, but this process is long and painstaking.

Description of the variety

Bonsai Japanese sakura - decorative a tree that easily takes root in the house. It is resistant to increased indoor air pollution, but requires good lighting and daily watering.

Sakura is appreciated for unusual flowers, in bonsai they reach 1 cm in diameter. In nature they are bright pink, but you can buy artificially bred varieties with red, green, purple and other colors. Individual flowers are collected in inflorescences.

How to grow a tree from seeds

Growing bonsai sakura from seeds at home is difficult, but possible. You need to prepare for the process in advance and be patient. In terms of formation time, bonsai is not inferior to ordinary trees, and you can get a full-fledged home garden in 10-20 years, provided daily care.

Sakura bonsai seeds can be purchased in special stores. It is better to take more seeds, because the percentage of their germination and survival rate is quite low. You need to be prepared for the fact that only 1-2 seeds out of 10 will turn into full-fledged trees. There is a certain algorithm for preparing and planting sakura bonsai at home:

The seeds are scarified (pricked) to speed up the germination process. The day before sowing, they should be placed in water at room temperature.
Next, the seeds are placed in slightly moistened soil, deepening by 0.5 - 1 cm.
To germinate, sakura bonsai seeds must undergo stratification, which will imitate natural winter conditions. The container is covered with film and placed in the refrigerator for 2 months.
After this time, the seeds continue to germinate at room temperature and good lighting, maintaining constant soil moisture.

When the seeds begin to germinate, they need to be planted - transplanted into new soil. If seedlings are placed in a common container, the distance between them should not exceed 10 cm. It is best to plant the plants in separate bonsai pots - special flat pots.

It is worth consulting with the seller on how to grow sakura bonsai from seeds. Different varieties have their own preferences regarding soil, fertilizing or watering regime. Along with the seeds, you need to purchase all the necessary equipment and learn in advance about the rules for caring for dwarf trees.

Bonsai care rules

Those who have managed to grow a full-fledged bonsai tree at home admit that the plant is very capricious and requires daily care. Special attention allocated to the irrigation regime. In summer, bonsai needs half a glass of water a day, otherwise it can quickly die from drought. IN winter time You can water it less often. Equally important is the lighting in the room. Bonsai pots are located in the brightest areas, protected from drafts.

Bonsai are grown in flat pots with a diameter of up to 20 cm, so that the root system does not have the opportunity to grow. The plant is replanted annually, shortening the roots if necessary. The choice of soil must be taken responsibly - sakura grows well in soils with high content nitrogen, humus and potassium. Organic fertilizers applied to the ground approximately a month before planting, nitrogen is added directly with the seedlings.

When growing sakura bonsai, you can shape the crown at will, using available means. Trunk young tree fixed with wire or tension. When the plant reaches 25-30 cm in height, the main shoot is cut off so that the crown grows in breadth. After flowering, you can trim the side shoots, thus changing the direction of their growth. The rhizome is shortened at each transplant to prevent the tree from growing in height.

Another way to control the growth of the plant is to make horizontal cuts along the bark. They will release sap, which will weaken the bonsai and leave it dwarfed.

There are many varieties of crowns in sakura bonsai. You can leave the main trunk straight, or you can form unusual bends. If you follow the growing technology correctly and devote a small amount of time to the plant every day, it will bloom with decorative flowers every spring.

How to grow bonsai - video

Bonsai is a special art that originated in China more than 2 thousand years ago, later improved in Japan. Bonsai means miniature tree, grown in a flat dish at home. Amazing pink bloom Sakura bonsai surprises - Japanese cherry.

All about the view

A little history. The art of bonsai has reached perfection in growing indoor miniature plants in exact copies with analogues big trees, growing in nature. According to legend, the Chinese emperor wished to see his empire in miniature - with forests, fields, gardens and trees. His gardeners were able to grow dwarf trees to fulfill the will of the monarch.

After some time, the art of bonsai ended up in Japan, where it received modern name and development. Different kinds small trees look like real ones. Throughout their life, trees gain only 1–2 cm in height. At the same time, they require constant care - they must be trimmed correctly, constantly monitor the shape of the crown, pulling the branches with wire, fertilize and water.

One type of dwarf tree is the cherry bonsai (sakura). The tree has a brown trunk with a dense umbrella-shaped crown. Decorating it in natural environment serve white and pink flowers. They grow quite densely - 2-5 flowers in one inflorescence bunch, their double color covers the entire crown.

Purple, red, blue and other flower colors are artificially bred. Leaves small size, green, acquire a red or crimson hue in the fall. After the flowers, sakura produces black fruits, but birds prefer to feed on the flower buds.

Video “Do-it-yourself bonsai”

In this video, an expert will talk about how to grow bonsai yourself.

Landing rules

Small cherry blossoms complement the decor of any home or office, adding a touch of oriental culture. Ornamental plant difficult, but still possible to grow at home, starting with planting seeds. At the same time, you will need to stock up on a large supply of patience and hard work, because it will take 10–15 years of careful and regular care to form a miniature home garden.
You should not hope that seeds purchased in flower shops or online are a museum rarity. Bonsai seeds are regular seeds, from which you can grow a copy of a large tree. Consult with specialists what soil and fertilizer you need to choose for this variety, find out about the correct watering regime.

So, you have purchased several seeds and want to grow a sakura bonsai. To do this you will need:

disposable container for temporary planting of seeds (glass or bowl);
a flat pot (bonsai pot), which before planting must be treated with a solution of hydrogen peroxide and water in a ratio of 1 tsp. peroxide in half a glass of boiled water;
soil - sprinkle with cinnamon;
seeds - keep in mind that in order to germinate 1-2 sprouts, you will need to plant 8-10 seeds.

Now we will tell you how to properly plant sakura bonsai seeds. This procedure includes several stages of preparing seeds before directly planting them in the soil:

The seed is pierced, which speeds up the germination process. Then leave it in water for 24 hours. Feel free to throw away any seeds that float to the surface after soaking. They are guaranteed not to germinate.
Moisten the soil in a disposable container and deepen the grains into it to a depth of 1 cm.
Seeds need to create maximum conditions close to natural winter period. To do this, cover the container with polyethylene and place it in the refrigerator for 2 months. This is how stratification takes place - imitation of winter conditions.
After this, bonsai sakura seeds continue to germinate at room temperature with good lighting and moisture.
When seedlings appear, the sprouts must be transplanted into a permanent flat pot. It is better that everyone has a separate place. If the bonsai machine allows you to plant several seedlings, keep a distance of 10 cm between them.

Care and cultivation

The plant is very capricious. It is especially important to properly water young shoots. In summer, bonsai requires half a glass of water a day, and this mandatory procedure, otherwise the plant is doomed to dry out. In winter, watering is infrequent; just monitor the soil moisture. Others no less important factor is good lighting in the room. The best bright places on the windowsills should belong to sakura. At the same time, do not forget to protect it from drafts.

For cultivation bonsai It’s not for nothing that special bonsai pots are used. In flat, shallow pots, the root system does not grow well. In addition, with mandatory replanting once every 2–3 years, the roots are shortened if necessary. This tactic does not allow the tree to grow in height.

The soil should contain high levels of nitrogen and potassium. Bonsai must be fertilized every month. The trunk is tied with wire, and when a height of 20–30 cm is reached, the main shoot is cut off to complete its upward growth.

The formation of the crown depends on your imagination. To process it and trim the roots, you can use scissors or pruners, but be sure to disinfect the tools by wiping them with an alcohol solution. Pruning should be carried out only during the rest period, i.e. after flowering.

Let's reveal another secret of how to maintain growth: make several horizontal cuts along the trunk. The tree will weaken due to loss of sap, and its development will slow down.

Wintering a tree

There are several rules for wintering sakura:

cover the lower branches and hole with mulch and remove from the windowsill away from light. You can keep the tree during this period in a garage or shed - any cold and dark place is suitable. It is important to close off access to light and drafts;
In winter, bonsai are watered less frequently as the soil dries out.

Growing Japanese cherry bonsai from seeds is a troublesome process. However, when proper cultivation beautiful Japanese sakura will delight you with its magical flowers.

Sakura bonsai can reach large sizes in natural conditions. With proper care, it will fit in a small pot, while remaining an exact copy of a Japanese cherry. Sakura is a recognized symbol of East Asia, the flowering of which is accompanied by national holidays. It is possible to grow a reduced reproduction of such a tree at home, but this process is long and painstaking.

Description of the variety

Bonsai Japanese sakura- decorative tree, which easily takes root in the house. It is resistant to increased indoor air pollution, but requires good lighting and daily watering.

Sakura is valued for its unusual flowers; in bonsai they reach 1 cm in diameter. In nature they are bright pink, but you can buy artificially bred varieties with red, green, purple and other colors. Individual flowers are collected in inflorescences.

How to grow a tree from seeds

The seeds are scarified (pricked) to speed up the germination process. The day before sowing, they should be placed in water at room temperature.
Next, the seeds are placed in slightly moistened soil, deepening by 0.5 - 1 cm.
To germinate, sakura bonsai seeds must undergo stratification, which will imitate natural winter conditions. The container is covered with film and placed in the refrigerator for 2 months.
After this time, the seeds continue to germinate at room temperature and good light, maintaining constant soil moisture.

It is worth consulting with the seller on how to grow sakura bonsai from seeds. Different varieties have their own preferences regarding soil, fertilizing or watering regime. Along with the seeds, you need to purchase all the necessary equipment and learn in advance about the rules for caring for dwarf trees.

Bonsai care rules

Those who have managed to grow a full-fledged bonsai tree at home admit that the plant is very capricious and requires daily care. Particular attention is paid to the watering regime. In summer, bonsai needs half a glass of water a day, otherwise it can quickly die from drought. In winter, you can water it less often. Equally important is the lighting in the room. Bonsai pots are located in the brightest areas, protected from drafts.

Bonsai are grown in flat pots with a diameter of up to 20 cm, so that the root system does not have the opportunity to grow. The plant is replanted annually, shortening the roots if necessary. The choice of soil must be taken responsibly - sakura grows well in soils with a high content of humus and potassium. Organic fertilizers are applied to the ground approximately a month before planting, nitrogen fertilizers are added directly with the seedlings.

When growing sakura bonsai, you can shape the crown at will, using available means. The trunk of a young tree is fixed with wire or tension. When the plant reaches 25-30 cm in height, the main shoot is cut off so that the crown grows in breadth. After flowering, you can trim the side shoots, thus changing the direction of their growth. The rhizome is shortened at each transplant to prevent the tree from growing in height.

Another way to control the growth of the plant is to make horizontal cuts along the bark. They will release sap, which will weaken the bonsai and leave it dwarfed.

Sakura tree is national Japanese plant. Most of its species are planted exclusively for decorative design streets and parks of Japan. Beauty is expressed in the riot of blooming of its small white and pink flowers. Brief period the full bloom and beauty of flowers is often compared to fragility human life. There are several ways to grow sakura at home: using seeds, seedlings and cuttings. Increasingly, gardeners are planting it on their summer cottages. The tree easily adapts to natural conditions Russia and even grows in Siberia.

Description and varieties

Sakura has many varieties. Each type of tree and shrub blooms in its own time, passing the baton along the chain to the next. In this way, nature prolongs the opportunity to admire the seasonal tradition of Japanese spring. The maximum flowering period is about 10 days.

This culture has also aroused interest among Russian gardeners. Now sakura is grown in many summer cottages. There are enough examples of sakura growing and blooming well in the harsh climate of Siberia. To create varieties of this tree, it is crossed with cherry.

The most common sharp-sawed cherries are:

Kikushidare-zakura is a tall tree, from three to five meters, with large, double, pale pink and cream flowers (up to 6 cm in diameter).
Shirotae - sakura height is about 4.5 meters, flowers are single, white and cream (most often grown in England and Japan, it is also called “country cherry”).
Kwanzan - has multi-petaled purple flowers.
Hally Tolivett is a variety with a spherical crown formed by pink inflorescences about 4 cm in diameter.
Amonogawa is a tree with pink and fragrant inflorescences, reaching a height of eight meters.

When planting in open ground, the possibility of adapting sakura to the natural conditions of the region is always taken into account. Not every species can tolerate Russian frosts. But varieties such as Kiku-Shidare and Kanzan take root well in garden plots.

Planting seedlings

The selection and preparation of a seat for sakura is considered the main thing in this process. And if the plant is planted taking into account all the requirements, the garden will soon sparkle with its natural colors.

When planting sakura in the country, you need to consider that:

cherry tree needs large quantities sunlight, does not tolerate waterlogging, so it is recommended to plant it in higher areas;
Sakura doesn't like strong winds, therefore needs protection with a fence or other trees;
the soil under the sakura should be fertile, fertilized with a mixture of humus and potassium phosphate;
planting pits are prepared 0.5 m wide and 0.4 m deep with a distance of 1.5 m from each other;
At the bottom of the holes, drainage is made of pebbles or crushed stone.

It is important to carefully select fertilizers. Sakura does not like highly acidic soil.

Japanese cherry trees are planted in early spring, after the last frost, or in the fall - in October. The right decision It is considered to be the purchase of one-year-old seedlings about 70 cm in height. They should not have dry branches or wounds.

Landing algorithm:

Planted in the center in a strictly vertical position.
The soil is carefully poured back and compacted thoroughly but gently.
Install a support and tie up the tree.
After planting, the soil is watered and mulched.

Upon completion of landing experienced gardeners It is recommended to dig a ditch around the perimeter of the hole 10 cm deep and fill it with water. In the first stages of growth, the tree requires a lot of moisture, and when it finally takes root, it will no longer need artificial watering. During the period of bud formation, it is necessary to regularly loosen the soil near the trunk.

Japanese cherries grow quickly, up to 60 cm per year. At the first signs of spring, even young trees begin to bloom.

How to grow sakura from seeds?

You can plant sakura seeds in the middle spring season, at the end of summer or at the beginning of autumn. For planting, soil with a neutral pH level is selected. It is also recommended to disinfect the soil by steaming.

You need to choose a wide but shallow container (up to 7 cm). The pot must be equipped with drainage holes.

The brown color and softness of the seed indicates its maturity and readiness for planting. The germination process is accelerated by careful piercing or cutting. A guaranteed result when planting sakura at home is obtained by following the list of rules:

since some of the seeds may not sprout, they are prepared in reserve;
soak the prepared seeds in warm (about 30°C) water for 24 hours;
planted at a distance of 3 cm from each other in shallow grooves;
watered and covered with film, which is periodically removed for ventilation;
the container is placed in the refrigerator for 60 days, where a temperature of 4°C is created;
two months later she is transferred to room conditions, provide seedlings required quantity light, heat and humidity.

To prevent the seedlings from being crowded, they are planted in separate pots and grown indoors for two years. Then the seedlings obtained in this way are planted in open ground according to the same scheme as those purchased.