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Construction oil paint can be thickly rubbed or completely ready for use. With thickly grated ones, a solvent must be used to oil paints. Enamels of this type are mixed in a certain proportion with a dissolving liquid. This is necessary if the paint has dried or will be used as a primer. A suitable thinner is selected based on the characteristics of the surface to be painted and its absorbent properties.

Main groups of solvents

Today there are five groups of substances that are used in finishing works as solvents.

These are petroleum distillates, or by-products of petroleum refining, various alcohols, ketones, ethers, and glycol ethers.

Petroleum distillates

Everyone knows what turpentine is, and it could be included in the sixth group of liquids. However, its performance characteristics are very close to those of petroleum distillates, and it is best to include it in this group. Each specific solvent for oil paints from the group has its own characteristics. The most common are petroleum distillates, which are also called hydrocarbons. The molecule of such a substance is a carbon and hydrogen atom. Liquids that are included in this group are produced by refining oil, or rather by dividing it into fractions under the influence of temperatures. Turpentine is a distillation product, but it is not obtained from oil at all, but from the resins of coniferous wood.

Petroleum solvents are used to work with waxes, oils, paints, and oil-based enamels. Any solvent that is hydrocarbon based has characteristics and properties that are similar to those of oils or waxes. Sometimes these liquids can be used in production lubricants or compositions for cleaning and caring for furniture. Distillates, which contain significantly less oil, such as toluene or xylene, can be used to remove oil stains and are most often used to degrease surfaces.

Any products based on petroleum distillates can be mixed different ways and in any proportions. Alcohols and glycol ethers are not used with oil paints. They have different characteristics and properties.

How to dilute oil paint

If necessary, you can always buy a solvent for oil paints at any hardware store or hypermarket. There are several fluids that are suitable for working with oil-based dyes.

Solvent "647"

This is an affordable and popular solution. The substance comes in the form of a liquid with a rather pungent odor. Care should be taken during operation - the composition catches fire very easily. As for its properties, the paint with it has a uniform consistency.

White Spirit

This is the most widespread and popular liquid. If you look at chemistry textbooks, this solvent is a special type of gasoline in composition, intended specifically for paint and varnish production. Specific gravity is 0.77 kg, and this liquid will boil at 140-150 degrees.

It is made using white spirit - this liquid composition colorless, which has properties that enable it to dissolve the binders found in oil paints. Another characteristic is that the liquid has a low evaporation rate, which is very positive for artists.

Turpentine

This is no less popular solvent for oil paints than white spirit. The composition is widely used for mixing and diluting not only oil dyes, but also alkyd styrene dyes. Turpentine is also used in the production of varnishes based on copal, rosin or dammara. Purified or unrefined turpentine is available for sale.

Before chemists created white spirit, turpentine was place of honor basic liquid for dissolving varnishes and paints. This is an essential oil with a complex chemical composition. It is obtained by processing turpentine, resin and parts of coniferous wood saturated with resins. Today, modern industry produces three types of turpentines - wood, stump and turpentine products.

Wood liquid is obtained by processing special technologies tree resin and conifer branches. When fresh, it is a liquid with a yellowish or brown tint, which may disappear during processing.

Stump turpentines are produced using special technologies from stump parts coniferous tree. Turpentine are pure essential oils, which are obtained by distilling resin. It is extracted only from a growing tree. This way, turpentine will not lose its unique properties and valuable elements during the production process.

Kerosene

This liquid is perfect for use as a solvent for oil-based dyes. It is often used to restore old hardened oil paint. For greater efficiency, you can add a drying agent to kerosene - for example, any turpentine. But this can increase the drying time of oil paint.

Petrol

This composition is familiar to everyone. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic odor. In everyday life, pure gasolines are often used as solvents for oil dyes, pentaphthalic compounds, putties and varnishes. Gasoline can also be used as a solvent for oil-phthalic paints. With it, the oil liquid will acquire a matte tint. The component is popular in construction - it is used to dilute thickly rubbed paint.

"Tee"

This mixture is popular with artists, but can also be used in painting work. This liquid contains purified linseed oil, turpentine, and

Using this “tee” you can easily give the oil dye the optimal consistency in a short time. Artists love this solution because it not only helps thin the paint, but can also be used to clean tools. This composition significantly improves permeability into the painted surface, and in painting it allows you to make the picture more accurate.

How to replace solvent for oil paints

Oil paints can be used in different ways, but in any case, solvents are added to the dyes. Now there are a lot of different solvent mixtures for enamels and paints, and each has its own disadvantages and advantages. It happens that you can use special remedy there is no possibility. The most common replacement option is regular gasoline. In addition to this, you can use turpentine or white spirit with great success.

Odorless solvents

The paint and varnish industry is now more developed than ever - a huge number of types and subtypes of thinners and solvents can be found on sale. Despite all the practicality of white spirits and turpentines, they are quite toxic and have a characteristic odor. What to do if a person prefers a solvent for oil-based solvents? There are several options. Artists appreciated all the benefits of linseed oil - it is a good solvent for oil dyes. One of its properties is the almost complete absence of odor. However, there is also a minus - for a long time paint drying.

It is recommended to use “Tee” - an industrial mixture that also has virtually no odor. Well, the best odorless oil paint solvent is a composition from the Tikkurila brand. It is offered in transparent plastic bottles with an inscription yellow color. This composition dries quickly and will last for a long time. The Diluent composition is also odorless, but in itself it is quite harmful.

Today we will touch on thinner in oil painting.

Beginning artists have a misunderstanding of what it is needed for and how it works." Tee"-oil painting thinner.

From the very beginning. What is oil paint? This is a pigment rubbed in oil, different colors, of various mineral or organic origin. The powder is very finely grated, powder in linseed oil, rubbed to the consistency of soft clay, which a palette knife, a bristle brush can handle perfectly, but synthetic brushes, kolinsky, whites, they are soft and have difficulty handling this clay, resulting in torn strokes. Thin layer A soft brush cannot spread the paint; a thinner is required. Our arsenal includes nut oil, sunflower oil, oil flax is a very common thinner, white spirit and varnishes.

Flax oil

In winter, it is better to work with clean oil; this reduces the smell in the apartment, and the room is easily ventilated.

You can dilute the paint with oil, making the strokes brighter, but there are two drawbacks:

1. Mechanical strength is less if only one oil.

When dry, the surface becomes matte and less durable, lacking filler. Lenoxin is a substance that, when dried, is not very strong, mechanically without filler. Therefore, it is recommended to add a little varnish.

1. The second drawback is that we applied a layer over the painting; it is liquid, and will remain liquid until it dries. It is difficult to fit another color into it; rubbing another color on top makes them mix. You can't draw something rigidly. Experience is needed here. To strengthen it you need to add a little varnish. Varnish in the mixture acts as a hardener. We get a double of 15-30%, preferably 20% of styrene varnish in oil for hardening. The varnish gives mechanical strength and is a sesecant, a drying accelerator. The double will turn out strong. Paint diluted only with oil dries in a day or two, and if you add a little varnish to the oil, the mixture will dry by the evening! Keep this in mind and use it to speed up drying.

Thinners:

Solvent White spirit, Tikkurilla - with a slight odor, can be easily found in construction stores.

Diluent like water in watercolor painting. The strokes are thin. It evaporates from the paint layer without leaving a residue. You can work with soft brushes. Very quickly, well and gently dilutes paint. It spreads as thinly as transparently, dries faster than water, after 10 minutes pigment and a little oil will remain on the canvas. Almost dry layer, the layer is as thin as possible.

There is an advantage and two disadvantages:

Advantage.

On top of the layer, you can apply more layers, just like applying thin layers in watercolor, diluting the paint with thinner. When applying paint diluted with thinner, it quickly evaporates and a layer of oil paint remains, the same density as from a tube. If you paint with a thick layer of oil, then you can also apply paint over this layer; the layers will not mix. After drying, it turns into the same clay, the thinner disappears, and the consistency remains.

Two drawbacks.

Insufficient strength: pigment and oil remain in the paint mixture, the layer turns matte, there is a lack of binder oils in mixtures when working as a thinner.

When you paint without thinner, just with oil, the layer of paint on top remains glossy, and the light reflects normally. When you work with a thinner, it erodes and the layer becomes rough, light is reflected from all the pigment particles in different directions, resulting in a dull, musty look.

The mixture is not mechanically strong enough.

Conclusion: it is not advisable to work with pure thinner; it is necessary to add oil. Here you need to learn how to manage according to the task.

We add a little oil to the thinner, and you definitely need a better styrene varnish, it dries better and without much of a smell.

Tee composition:

60-70% thinner. In order for the mixture to dry faster and erode, hard clay remains.

25-30% oil. Oil so that there is no matte effect.

5-10% varnish. Varnish gives mechanical strength. Varnish (damar, styrene smell is not strong, the layer is durable)

Logically, for the first layer on which we will further apply subsequent layers to the mixture up to 40 percent, add varnish, the layer sets, dries, forms a film and over it we apply new colors without mixing the layers.

If you mix paint purely on varnish, enamel is formed, it dries very quickly, and transparent painting becomes very beautiful. Decorative painting, miniatures are painted on varnish.

Here are three component. We have studied the properties of basic materials. It is necessary to understand them and use them, to comprehend how they work separately or together, in different combinations“Tee” and in pairs: White spirit and varnish, oil and White Spirit, oil and varnish. It is important to learn to manage the process, making the necessary combinations, to be a reasonable master of painting.

I look forward to your comments! Describe your experience, very interesting!

How to wash off, remove acrylic, alkyd, latex paint, primer, primer, enamel, varnish

Surface covered old paint and primer. In some places it is peeling off, peeling off, and does not hold on. It needs to be washed off and repainted. (10+)

How to remove paint and primer?

Question:

The surface is covered with old paint and primer. In some places it is peeling off, peeling off, and does not hold on.

It needs to be washed off and repainted.

Answer:

If the primer, paint or enamel adheres well to the surface, then they do not need to be removed before repainting. On old soil, acrylic or latex paint, the new coating usually adheres well.

Choosing a thinner for oil paint

Of course, there is no guarantee, so try it on a small and inconspicuous area first. The new coating will not adhere to the enamel. In this case, and if the experiment has shown that the new coating does not fit on the old coating, use a suitable, for example, universal primer, and then paint with new paint.

Washing off acrylic, latex and alkyd coatings

Most primers, paints and enamels are washed off with R-4 solvent.

This is a very harsh solvent. Before starting work, make sure that it will not dissolve the base from which you are washing off the paint. Work with gloves, safety glasses, in a well-ventilated area, or better yet, in a outdoors. If it comes into contact with the skin, and especially the eyes, this solvent can leave a poorly healing chemical burn. Inhalation of vapors may cause burns to the respiratory tract. But it dissolves literally everything very well.

I accidentally dropped it on the vacuum cleaner hose. I had to buy a new hose - it ate right through.

Acrylic and latex paints You can try washing it off with white spirit. It dissolves them quite well.

When flushing, use feminine sanitary pads, the simplest and cheapest ones.

They absorb soil or paint well, dissolved with a solvent and removed from the wall. Don't skimp on gaskets. We washed a piece of the surface, collected the dissolved paint, and threw away the gasket.

Removal of epoxy varnishes, paints and enamels

Epoxy enamel, paint or varnish cannot be washed off. Only mechanical removal, sanding.

You may be interested in the article: Painter's tutorial.

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I installed a new wing on the car in the factory primer.

Available acrylic primer and alkyd enamel. Tell me step by step the painting process, based on the materials available. Thanks in advance for your advice. Read the answer...

Modern technologies require perfect surface visualization. The use of nitro paints and varnishes allows you to achieve outstanding results. Coloring occurs quickly, and nitrate dye also has defects.

This requires a lot high speed work. The working solution dries quickly not only on the surface to be painted, but also in open containers with paint.

The hardened color becomes unusable. It is almost impossible to get beautifully painted surfaces with it.

How to maintain optimal working nitro consistency?

To dilute the used nitro-containing solvent 647. You can buy it at the most popular store. A solvent is a transparent mixture of organic liquids. The mixture has a pungent, unpleasant odor.

Structure includes:

— aromatic hydrocarbons;

- esters;

- alcohols.

Diluted nitrocarbonyl by adding small amounts of solvent to the paint container with constant stirring.

Using solvent 647, it is relatively easy to maintain optimal nitro color viscosity.

Some companies require a large number of solvent 647.

You can buy solvent 647 in all quantities. No purchase license required, it does not belong to the predecessor.

Chemical companies produce and sell organic synthesis solvent 647. The unit price depends on the size of the purchased lot and the delivery distance.

Solvent 647 is not used exclusively as a nitrocoil.

They are often used to prepare surfaces for painting and to remove old layers of paint. It dissolves nitrocellulose film-forming agents very well.

Working with solvent 647 requires some caution. If exposed to the skin and cornea, it may cause severe irritation. Wash the solvent with soap and rinse big amount clean water.

If nitro color is used with air atomization method, the use of respirators is a necessary condition to get the job done.

Can you thin oil paint?

Respiratory protection will protect Airways from inhaling toxic fumes.

Don't forget about the measures fire safety. Solvent 647 can start with the smallest spark. Fire ignition with chemical foam and carbon dioxide.

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Solvents

Solvents are organic volatile liquids used to give paints and varnishes the required painting consistency.

Depending on their purpose, solvents are divided into:

Solvents for oil paints:

Petrol

Transparent, colorless, flammable liquid with a characteristic odor. A product of petroleum distillation.

At home, pure gasoline is used mainly as a solvent - for diluting oil, alkyd enamels, pentaphthalic enamels, varnishes, and putties.

For degreasing surfaces for painting, as well as for dry cleaning fabrics and for washing mechanical parts.

Turpentine

White Spirit

White spirit is used for diluting oil paints, enamels and varnishes, other paint and varnish materials, primers, drying oils and bituminous materials, putties, auto-preservatives, as well as for washing brushes after use in oil, alkyd and pentaphthalic enamels and degreasing surfaces.

Solvents for glyphthalic and bitumen varnishes and colors:

Solvent

Solvent is a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons with a small content of naphthenes, paraffins and unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons.

The solvent is used to dissolve oils, bitumen, rubbers, urea and melamine-formaldehyde oligomers, polyesters of terephthalic acid, polyesteramides and polyetherimides, melamine-alkyd paints and varnishes.

Turpentine

Turpentine is a solvent for varnishes and paints.

Composition - a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, mainly terpenes.

Turpentine is a solvent for oil and alkyd styrene paints, and is also used to prepare varnishes based on copal, rosin and dammara.

Before the advent of white spirit, turpentine was the main solvent for varnishes and paints.

Xylene

Petroleum xylene - used as a solvent for varnishes, paints and enamels, incl.

Thinners for artistic paints

electrical insulating varnishes and enamels, silicone varnishes, epoxy resins.

According to the degree of impact on the body, xylene belongs to the third hazard class.

Xylene is a flammable and explosive substance.

Solvent for perchlorovinyl paints:

Acetone

Acetone is used to dissolve natural resins, oils, cellulose diacetate, polystyrene, epoxy resins, vinyl chloride copolymers, chlorinated rubber, for degreasing surfaces, for the synthesis of acetic anhydride, acetone cyanohydrin, diphenylolpropane and other organic products.

Acetone is part of the mixed solvents: R-4, R-4A, R-5, R-5A, 646, 647, 648.

For adhesive and water-dispersion paints, the solvent and thinner is water.

For household needs Combined solvents are also produced (number: 645-651; RS-2, R-4, R-5, R-12, RP).

The most widely used solvent is 646.

Solvent 646

Solvent 646 is a colorless or yellowish homogeneous liquid without visible suspended particles.

Solvent 646 is used for diluting nitro enamels, nitro varnishes, epoxy compounds and other paints and varnishes, degreasing and cleaning surfaces.

Most solvents are hydrocarbon organic volatile liquids, flammable and explosive.

Thinners and thinners

Thinners and thinners, unlike solvents, do not have dissolving power and are used to reduce the viscosity of thickly rubbed paints or to dilute dry mineral pigment paints.

Drying oils and various emulsions are used as diluents. Heavily thickened primers, paints or varnishes are first diluted with a solvent, left for 3-4 hours, and then brought to the desired consistency with a thinner or thinner. In this case, their quantity in the paint and varnish material should not exceed 5%, otherwise resin may fall out and damage the material.

Solvents and thinners are also used to clean old coatings from contaminants, remove residual organic lubricants and contaminants from unpainted surfaces, and wash brushes of spatulas and other tools.

When working with solvents, remember that the concentration of their vapors in the air during prolonged inhalation can cause dizziness and even fainting. Using solvents to wash your hands leads to skin diseases.

The most harmful solvents include benzene, dichloroethane, methyl alcohol, trichlorethylene, and chlorobenzene.

Driers

Sicatives are compounds of metals (mainly lead, manganese, cobalt, calcium, iron) with organic acids.

They are added in an amount of 5-8% by weight to drying oils and oil varnishes and paints to speed up the drying of their films. Excess drying agent speeds up drying, but makes the film fragile and can lead to premature aging of the coating.

The quality of a drier is assessed by the metal included in its composition.

Cobalt (NF-4 and NF-5) and manganese (NF-3) driers have the best properties.

Ready-to-use drying oils, paints, varnishes, enamels, as a rule, contain required quantity desiccant, so there is no need to add it to such materials. Dryers should not be added to alcohol varnishes, nitrocellulose materials, emulsion-type paints, paints and varnishes based on bitumen and pitches and other materials that do not contain oils.

The shelf life of driers is 6 months.

As a result long-term storage they may become cloudy and unusable.

Acrylic paints are very popular. They are often taken for decoration, as well as for artistic needs. They are easy to use, and their low cost makes them completely accessible to anyone.

They can be mixed, and thereby create bright and rich colors. This way you can achieve a huge range of shades. It is also important to note the fact that acrylic paint is extremely resistant to negative factors and weather conditions. It dries quickly, since one of the main components of such paint is water.

Acrylic paint is often used to decorate interiors, exterior finishing houses.

It can be applied to different surfaces:

• Metal;
• Glass;
• Paper;
• Tree.

This paint is sold in a thick form and therefore in almost all cases it is further diluted in order to make it suitable for work and achieve the most even coating. In its original form it is used only for artistic painting on nails, since for this you need paint that is dense and has a good texture that does not spread.

Today we will talk about which solvents are suitable for acrylic paint, and how to dissolve it correctly.

What substance to use for dissolution

When working with acrylic paints, except for manicure work, they must be diluted.

Whether it’s drawing on the wall, restoring furniture or decorating walls, they are not suitable for pure form. If you ignore this recommendation, the surface will end up uneven and marks from a brush or sponge may remain.

Since this paint is considered water-based, it can, of course, be diluted with plain water.

This method is cheap and effective. In addition, regardless of the solvent, the paint has hydrophobic properties.

That is why brushes, sponges and other tools that you worked with when applying acrylic paint should be washed immediately after use, because once they dry, you can say goodbye to them, since they cannot be restored.

Besides water acrylic paint can also be diluted with other means.

That is why it is so important to take into account the functions and purpose of the substance when selecting acrylic paint and solvent.

How to dilute paint with water

1. The water needs to be cooled and purified.
2. For testing it is worth preparing small capacity with a pipette.
3. It is important to determine the proportions.

There are no restrictions here, since the user himself determines the concentration of the paint.

1. If you dilute the paint one to one with water, it will be less greasy, there will be no clots, which allows it to lay down in an even layer.

   This is often done in order to make the main layer.

2. A one to two ratio allows you to make the paint more liquid. It saturates the brush better. This way the paint is applied in a thinner and even layer.
3. One part to five makes the substance too liquid, and the paint layer itself will be semi-transparent.

   This is ideal for pouring over textured surfaces. This way the substance passes into the depressions without remaining on the hills.

4. If you do it in a ratio of one to fifteen, then it will look little like paint, since the substance will be more like tinted water.

   This is done in order to make a smooth transition between colors or in order to create a gradient effect.

It is worth noting that after applying paint, wood and metal products can also be coated with water-based fire retardant materials. They will protect the products.

If the paint is dry

It often happens that paint dries out in containers.

"Peredvizhniki" - shops for artists, designers, architects.

This often happens due to inattention or forgetfulness. As a rule, it always ends up in a landfill. However, there is no need to rush into decisions, because she can still be brought back to life. It is worth noting, however, that it will be slightly different from the new paint.

How to dissolve dried acrylic paint?

1. You need to arm yourself with a sharp, dense object and pick out and grind the dried material.

   Afterwards it is poured into a metal container.

2. Next, the paint is poured to the top with boiling water, after which they wait until the material heats up.
3. When the water cools down, pour it out and repeat everything again.
4. The water is poured out again and the substance is mixed

The paint can be used in a few minutes.

All you need to do is just choose a place to paint, and that’s it.

Solvents for acrylic paint

As mentioned above, acrylic paint can also be diluted with special substances. So if you need to get in the end matte finish– use a thinner that gives it a matte finish after drying.

If you need gloss, choose the appropriate substance. Thanks to such substances, the paint dries quickly.

Solvents for acrylic paint are clear liquid, which has a special pungent odor.

They may differ in the drying time of the layer:

1. Quick drying.
2. Medium drying.
3. Slow drying.

Much also depends on the temperature and humidity of the surrounding area.

1. For warm room and hot weather, material is taken whose evaporation rate is not high.
2. If the weather is cold, then take a quick-drying substance.

Depending on the amount of thinner, the degree of color saturation of the paint and the thickness of the layer also depend.

It is worth noting that such substances should only be stored closed and vertically in a cool, dark, ventilated area, while observing safety regulations.

Finally, I would like to say that acrylic paint has significantly increased the possibilities of designers for designing and decorating rooms and all kinds of products.

This paint is completely environmentally friendly and safe. It dissolves in water and also has hydrophobic properties, which is extremely convenient to use.

IN household chemicals Solvents are organic volatile liquids that are used to give enamels, varnishes and paints the desired consistency. This allows us to provide the highest quality and durable paintwork. Solvents are also used to degrease various surfaces, metal, plastic and glass.

Often all solvents have a sharp and specific smell, and some substances and brands may even be considered highly toxic substances. For this reason, when working with them, it is necessary to observe all possible safety measures. However, is it possible to avoid these dangers and find a solvent that is odorless and therefore less harmful to human health? As it turns out, such products exist.

Solvent R-646

This type of solvent has a specially modified formula. Thanks to this, this substance is practically odorless. At its core chemical composition Solvents of the P-646 brand are a mixture of various organic volatile solvents, which consist of ethers, aromatic carbohydrates, ketones and alcohols.

According to GOST, this type of solvent must be colorless. A faint, homogeneous yellow deposit, without any visible particles in the form of sediment or suspension, may also be acceptable.

Most often, solvent R - 646 is used in the production of paints and varnishes, as well as for diluting nitrocellulose enamels and varnishes to obtain the most optimal degree of viscosity. This type of solvent is also used for diluting melaninoamide, glyphthalic and acrylic paints and varnishes, as well as putties. One of the most important advantages of this solvent is the fact that paints become shiny after drying.

All work with R - 646 must be carried out in a ventilated area, and during use the following safety precautions must be observed:

Avoid contact of the substance with mucous membranes and eyes;

Work with gloves;

Keep the substance out of the reach of children.

Safe, odorless solvent

This solvent is a special mixture of solvents that are highly purified. Compared to other analogues, this substance is the safest solvent for human health.

The odorless solvent is not flammable and its controlled volatility greatly reduces harmful effects of this chemical when used. In addition, it also combines well with a wide variety of substances and for the most part plastic. This is a great all-rounder that removes oils and grease quickly and easily. This solvent is often used in production, and with its help it is possible to Maintenance a variety of mechanisms and machines.

It is worth noting that odorless solvents R-646 can significantly reduce the level of danger when using it, since all pronounced and dangerous odors are absent, and the work process itself becomes easier and more enjoyable.