What regulates the dispatch system in housing and communal services. Dispatch of engineering systems and housing stock. The principle of operation of the dispatch system for housing and communal services facilities

NORVIX TECHNOLOGY company offers the development and implementation of projects for an Automated System of Integrated Control of Housing and Public Utilities (ASKK) designed to create a single information space, covering all utility infrastructure within a district, city or region.

Main participants and users of Housing and Public Utilities Automation Systems services:

• Homeowners, consumers utilities and energy resources;
• HOA, housing cooperative;
• UK, DUK;
• Utility service providers, elevator facilities;
• Resource supply organizations;

Housing and communal infrastructure is a single complex of production and consumption of housing and communal services and fuel and energy resources. The operation of this complex is constantly ensured by many different enterprises:

• Resource supply organizations, incl. Manufacturers, Transporters, Utility Suppliers;
• Ministry of Emergency Situations, Emergency dispatch services of utility companies;
• Management companies;
• Administration municipality.

Formally, the independent operation of enterprises represents a unified corporate system for managing the housing and communal services of the municipality. All work is aimed at achieving one goal: providing consumers with the necessary volume of housing and communal services and energy resources to create comfortable living and working conditions.

However, the areas of responsibility of enterprises servicing utility networks do not coincide with the areas of responsibility of management companies and territories controlled by district administrations. The boundaries of responsibility are generally not equipped with monitoring devices. As a result:

• uncontrolled losses of energy resources and their quality in city, inter-block and intra-site networks,
• the difficulty of localizing accidents or leaks at the moment of their occurrence,
• unplanned costs for eliminating the consequences of serious breakthroughs in utility networks,
• point major repairs, which do not guarantee the absence of accidents in the same networks,
• unprofitability of many enterprises in the housing and communal services sector,
• increase in tariffs, etc.

Automation of housing and communal services

The creation of an Automated System for Integrated Control of Housing and Communal Services (ASCC) will provide participants and users of the system with tools for solving problems typical for housing and communal services and improving the quality of activities.

• Supplying all participants of ASKK housing and communal services with prompt, reliable and time-consistent information on the state of utility networks and the processes of supply and consumption of energy resources;
• Increasing the efficiency of energy use by project participants;
• Reducing the total costs of maintaining utility infrastructure and engineering equipment housing and communal services;
• Creating conditions for attracting budgetary and extra-budgetary funds into investment projects for the development of housing and communal services.

One of necessary conditions The successful functioning of any enterprise is the centralization of operational control and management (i.e. dispatch) over production processes. It is designed to ensure coordinated operation of individual parts of the facility in order to increase technical and economic indicators, rhythm of work and effective use production capacity.

This condition applies entirely to the domestic housing and communal services sector, perhaps the most socially significant sector of the national economy. In practice, dispatching is implemented in the form of control of housing and communal services facilities by automated control their operating modes. Like anyone else organizational structure, it has all its constituent elements: controls (operator at the control center), control objects (boiler rooms, heating points, wells, water intakes, water treatment stations, sewerage stations, wastewater treatment plants etc.), a complex of automation, communication and control tools that unites them (server, computers, communication equipment, controllers with a set of sensors).

The principle of operation of the dispatch system for housing and communal services facilities

In general, the algorithm for the functioning of the dispatch system for housing and communal services facilities is as follows.

.Control functions. The system is controlled using a specific program (for example, SKAT-2) installed on the dispatcher’s computer. It polls all controllers installed at housing and communal services facilities at a specified frequency. They, in turn, interrogate metering devices and object state sensors, analyze incoming information and convert the received signals into physical quantities(instantaneous energy consumption indicators, object state parameters), controlling the specified limit values ​​of the parameters.

The control room operator has the ability to display on the monitor screen all the characteristics of the controlled object in the form of mnemonic diagrams, tables, diagrams and graphs of energy consumption indicators, with the ability to print information.

.Control functions are implemented at facilities using control commands sent from the dispatcher’s computer to actuators: pumps, switches, regulators, etc. Information received at the control room console is returned to the facility in the form of a control command:

Transfer the object to one mode or another;

Change parameters;

Stop work (until emergency services arrive).

Experience in dispatching Russian housing and communal services facilities

Obviously, such a system can only be organized using modern equipment, allowing maximum automation of the processes of heat and water supply, water treatment and wastewater disposal. At the same time, the possibility of its integration into a unified management system of the housing and communal services enterprise will be of decisive importance.

First of all, this requirement applies to pumping equipment, since it plays a basic role in the functioning of almost all housing and communal services facilities. The experience accumulated by domestic utilities shows: the use modern pumps with the possibility of electronic regulation can become the basis for creating effective dispatch systems that optimize both energy consumption and labor costs.

An illustrative example is the city of Neryungri (Yakutia), where since 2000 active work has been underway to reconstruct the municipal economy. A modern pump equipment. At the same time, pumping pumps are used to increase the pressure of the feed water of the heating and hot water supply system at the central heating station. GRUNDFOS installations Hydro ME of various capacities, and the circulation of the coolant is carried out using NB and CRE pumps with built-in frequency converters. At ITP, adjustable wet-rotor pumps of various series are used for these purposes. Today, the equipment of modernized heating points is connected through control cabinets into a single network and controlled from control centers. All utility network equipment is brought together using the SCADA system into a single network, which is controlled and managed from a central computer node.

The result was economic effect- the average daily water consumption for hot water supply decreased by an average of 50%, and the total heat consumption - by more than 20%. Labor costs for servicing pumping equipment have been significantly reduced.

Neryungri housing and communal services today are one of the few in the country equipped with the most modern technologies. This allows you to survive the harsh subpolar winters without problems and crises.

Dispatch technologies are also beginning to be actively implemented in St. Petersburg, where the successes of the neighboring Baltic countries have become an example. “At one time, I was able to get acquainted with the work of similar systems in Estonia,” says Vyacheslav Tesakov, general director of the Ravelin company (which develops automated security and control systems). - Where these systems operate, former Soviet five-story buildings today are in excellent condition. We started small: we changed the risers, installed metering units, intercoms, security systems, began to monitor how many resources were consumed, and then began to optimize their consumption. Started with the money saved new stage modernization".

Therefore, in June 2006, a pilot project for dispatching a house on Leninsky Prospekt was implemented in St. Petersburg. The core of the system is a local node for collecting and processing information, located in the premises of the information and dispatch service (IDS) of the district (Griboyedov Canal embankment, 83). Transport route The fiber optic networks of TKT OJSC were used for data transmission. The system included video surveillance (internal and external conditions on the territory, control of waste disposal sites, entrances to the territory), security and fire alarms, a gate automation system, control and accounting of energy resources (gas leaks, cold and hot water, hot water temperature, lighting, basement flooding). Currently, the project covers an entire microdistrict consisting of seven buildings. This is a block bounded by Bronnitskaya Street, Malodetskoselsky Avenue, Bataysky and Doinikov Lanes. Practice shows that only the installation of automated accounting systems in a home reduces heating costs by an average of 30%.

“If I were the head of a homeowners association or a management company, I would first of all try to implement an integrated dispatch system in order to reduce energy losses and operating costs. This is my savings, I am vitally interested in this, so I would not even collect additional money from residents for the installation of this system,” said Vladimir Gaidei, deputy chairman of the St. Petersburg Housing Committee, when discussing the results of the pilot project.

The implementation of dispatch systems in Moscow and the region is actively underway. Sergei Fomin, chief engineer of the Management Company Gorzhilkompleks, says that in four last year When automation technologies began to be used everywhere, utility workers already appreciated the ease of working with such systems. “One person can control up to 10-15 central control points,” says Sergey. - Today this is common in almost all our facilities. I can give an example of houses in the South-Western Administrative District - on Koshtoyants Street, Vernadsky Avenue, Pilyugin Street. The dispatcher sees in real time on the computer the states of pipes, pumps, modes and their changes and, if necessary, can immediately intervene.”

The dispatch system for a residential building is of great importance for the management company, as it provides control, management and tracking of the engineering systems of the apartment building, as well as apartment-by-apartment accounting. Information you need are sent to the control panel, which is located in the main control room. It is especially important when MKD engineering systems that are located far from each other are combined into a single system. Important advantages of the dispatch system are scalability and flexibility, that is, the ability to make changes by adding new executive modules.

What is a residential building dispatch system?

Each new building, be it an apartment building, a shopping center, office center or a sports complex must have a serious amount of technical equipment. Moreover, its volumes are Lately are only increasing. All this happens because every day a person’s desire to increase the level of comfort while being in an apartment building or in any other building is growing.

Today, ensuring the safety and protection of structures from emergency situations, as well as maintaining the required sanitary and hygienic standards, involves a large number of different engineering subsystems, which are characterized by a fairly wide range of technical indicators and control signals that require second-by-second monitoring. The combination of these subsystems forms the life support system of the structure.

In typical situations, the dispatch system of a residential building consists of the following subsystems:

• air conditioning and ventilation air flow(exhaust, flow systems, etc.);
• supply of thermal resources (heating boilers, individual heating centers);
• water supply, sewerage, water treatment, drainage;
• fire subsystem, security alarm, alarm button;
• power supply and electric lighting (diesel generator set, transformer substation, distribution devices, electric heating of pipelines, drainage trays and funnels, powerful uninterruptible power supplies);
• elevator equipment;
• other types of subsystems.

Dispatch system residential building provides the opportunity to control the workflow of subsystems online.

The residential building dispatch system covers information systems that include databases of enterprises and (or) equipment.

To collect and further process indicators, software controllers are used that support various standards for transmitting information. These controllers can operate in two modes:

• independent, without external guidance, and dependent modes;
• together with the central control panel.

The dispatch system for engineering facilities can be of two types:

• local;
• remote.

The local system of a residential building allows you to transmit indicators of both one and several engineering systems to the PC of the control room operator. In such a situation, a closed loop is formed, one system, since the technical equipment and control panel are located at one facility or in one apartment building.

A remote dispatch system for a residential building allows, using various data transmission channels, the transfer of parameters from one or more automated systems from geographically remote objects to a central dispatch station.

• Development of public utilities - modern modernization tools

Residential building dispatch system and its structure

A typical residential building control system includes automation cabinets (CA) and a control room. The automation cabinet consists of a freely programmable controller, which is equipped with input/output modules and provides control functions, as well as collecting indicators from specific technical equipment.

The location of the ShA is developed for each MKD separately. The ideal option for installing SHAs is to locate them as close as possible to engineering equipment.

As a rule, SHAs are assembled according to topological and functional principles. Topological is based on the statement “I control everything that is nearby.” And the functional principle of arrangement allows one ShA to process information either from one device or from a group of devices of the same type.

The functional principle is more expensive. But in some situations it is simply necessary. For example, at large facilities, if workers are divided into separate operational groups, which, according to the adopted regulations, have the right to carry out repairs and maintenance work only in their subsystems.

A PC equipped with special software is installed in the control room. All SHA controllers are connected to the main computer of the control room via a local technological network (LTN).

What tasks can a residential building dispatch system handle?

In almost all situations, in order for the system to function fully, the systematically correct execution of a large number of technological tasks is required. All assigned tasks can be resolved centrally and as completely as possible using a residential building dispatch system. Modern dispatch systems are able to solve issues related to complex monitoring, coordination and management of utility networks of apartment buildings. Also, such systems are capable of protecting MKD from emergency and emergency situations.

MKD dispatching is provided by automated system control and management of the operation of the entire complex of engineering systems (ASCAE), which allows you to solve a huge number of problems:

• modernize and coordinate the workflow of engineering equipment;
• control operating modes of units and equipment of engineering systems from one control panel;
• promptly report deviations of values ​​from the established parameters or breakdowns of technical equipment;
• process requests from control room personnel;
• carry out automatic accumulation and preservation of information about the work process of the residential building dispatch system;
• organize the collection, processing and display in the format of tables, mnemonic diagrams, graphs and diagrams of information about the state of metering devices in real time;
• carry out the process of registration and storage of information about instrument readings on monitored parameters, emergency situations and actions of employees;
• maintain an information archive;
• plan repair and maintenance work;
• organize multi-level system access to management.

In addition to the fact that a residential building dispatch system solves technological problems, it can also:

• increase the level of reliability of the working process of technical equipment;
• reduce decision making time;
• ensure energy conservation;
• reduce the number of employees in the operational services staff, and at the same time increase the efficiency of the work process.

• ASKUV: about the benefits of an automated water metering system

What are the advantages of a residential building dispatch system?

Dispatch benefits for construction company, which is building apartment buildings, for the management company and residents of the automation of monitoring and control units in apartment buildings are as follows:

1. Energy savings:

1. Accounting for used electricity resources in each apartment separately provides an opportunity for residents to optimize their spending, and general accounting allows them to reduce the overall balance of resource consumption, and in a situation where their indicators differ, look for the reasons for this discrepancy. In any case, accounting provides the opportunity to analyze indicators of energy resource consumption and is an important method of saving financial resources. At the same time, the residential building dispatch system simplifies settlements with energy supply companies for the management company.
2. Controlling lighting in access areas and common areas, based on the time of day and the presence of residents, can save up to 80% of energy.
3. After installing a thermal energy metering unit, by regulating the temperature of the coolant, it is also possible to save up to 60% on the coolant.

1. Savings by eliminating the consequences of possible accidents. Prompt response and timely work at the emergency site in the event of a gas leak, water resource, the occurrence of smoke, open fire, etc. provide an opportunity to eliminate the consequences of an emergency situation and save apartment owners and management companies large financial resources, which cannot be compared with the costs of installing a dispatch system for a residential building.
2. Saving operating costs. The residential building dispatch system provides an opportunity to minimize the number of employees on the management staff (for example, plumbers, electricians, etc.). Emergency situations are under the control of the dispatch service, with the help of which it is possible to determine the exact type of accident. It immediately becomes clear which specialist needs to be sent to the scene of the emergency.
3. Safety. The ability to protect the owners of residential premises and guarantee the safety of property is one of the key points in choosing and purchasing an apartment. In this connection, the dispatch system of a residential building, namely the installation of video surveillance systems, access control, alarm system with access to the control room, allows citizens to feel safe and not worry about the safety of their property, and such an apartment building becomes more attractive to investors.

Thus, the benefits that users of a residential building control system receive are obvious. But the most important thing is that these advantages are important not only for the owner of the apartment building, but also for the residents of this house. This is a real chance to increase the level of safety and convenience of apartment buildings.

Expert opinion

Dispatching helps you really save money

Yuri Bugrov,

Chairman of the HOA "OTRADA-12"

With the installation of ASKUV, the homeowners’ association was able to eliminate errors in the operation of outdated metering devices, find “rubber” apartments, and was able to stop illegal water theft and theft.

Remained in the distant past is the moment when apartment owners sent readings from metering devices on any day of the month: all indicators are sent to the control room exactly on time, and all indicators are reliable.

Readings and reports are uploaded automatically. Owners do not need to crawl into inconvenient places and look for numbers on their metering devices.

From July to November 2016, the HOA spent 403,665 rubles on general house needs. The HOA board paid 80 thousand rubles monthly. for the difference in the readings of individual and communal meters. After installing ASKUV from December to April 2017, the imbalance amounted to 40,457-202,335 rubles every month. The decrease compared to the same period is almost 2 times!

Remote collection of data from accounting devices has also significantly simplified the workflow of the HOA accounting department. Testimony collected automated method, the accountant calculates in in electronic format in your personal account. Neither apartment owners nor HOA management spend their personal time transcribing meter readings onto paper.

• Modern solution for automation of housing and communal services enterprises

Mandatory components of a residential building dispatch system

Dispatching of multi-apartment buildings is mandatory procedure during the construction of an apartment building.

Regulatory documentation for dispatch systems:

• VSN 60-89 “Communication, signaling and dispatching devices for MKD engineering equipment and public buildings. Design standards";
• SP 31-110-2003 “Design and installation of electrical installations of small apartment buildings and public buildings.”

Basic requirements for dispatching multi-apartment buildings:

• organization of loud-speaking communication between people in the elevator, the dispatcher and the machine room;
• tracking illegal access to technical rooms buildings;
• tracking the moment of occurrence of emergency situations in the engineering systems of the structure (power supply, heat supply, water supply, automatic fire alarm systems);
• control of lighting modes in rooms common use.

In the course of creating dispatch systems for engineering systems of structures, technical equipment and software from Russian manufacturing companies are usually used. For example, "Complex technical means dispatching of the residential building "Crystal". This residential building dispatch system provides the required level of dispatch, is easy to install and configure technical equipment and software, and is one of the most popular systems on its market. Along with all the positive aspects described above, this system has some limitations:

• limited number of telecontrol and telesignaling channels;
• strict requirements for the design of the dispatch system;
• limited possibilities for expanding this system;
• restrictions on the type of signals received (dry contacts only) and signals issued (on/off relay signals only).

Dispatch systems for apartment buildings business class often require an increased level of dispatch, including:

• technical accounting of consumed resources;
• advanced control of the parameters of engineering systems (current, voltage, frequency of the supply network; temperature in the heating, ventilation, hot water supply circuits, state of individual heating point pumps; parameters of ventilation systems of built-in premises: supply air temperature, temperature return water, condition of fans, filters, etc.);
• presentation of data in the format of mnemonic diagrams displaying the real appearance of systems;
• maintaining an archive of parameters and actions of control room operators;
• maintaining an archive of abnormal and emergency events;
• restricting access to tracking and control functions for various user groups (dispatcher, chief power engineer, chief engineer, etc.);
• remote information (Web, SMS).

Such requirements require the use of data acquisition and processing systems (SCADA), programmable logic controllers, but provide the opportunity to create dispatch systems for residential buildings of any complexity.

Residential building dispatch system and its subsystems

1. Dispatching of energy consumption metering units

A subsystem for tracking the consumption of water, electricity and gas is necessary for remote collection of indicators on the operation of these resources individually from each residential premises. At the same time, each residential premises is equipped with water, electricity and gas meters, the indicators from which are sent to the controllers of the residential building dispatch system, and then go to the main control room.

This system provides the opportunity to obtain data on the use of resources during operation.

Also, these indicators can be summarized for the desired reporting period: month, quarter, year, etc.

1. Dispatch of metering units for control of electricity, water and heat supply

1. Electricity supply

The power supply subsystem is an integral part of each structure, be it engineering, administrative, industrial or residential communications. The stability and efficiency of electricity supply has a significant impact on the consistency and level of quality of the enterprise’s production process, since even minor interruptions in the supply of this resource can negatively affect the results of the production process.

From the list of dispatch functions of the power supply subsystem, it is necessary to talk about the following:

• constant monitoring of various indicators electrical network, including voltage, current, etc.;
• safety of indicators in the event of an emergency, in order to carry out its subsequent analysis;
• monitoring the position of switching devices, power supply network nodes;
• timely detection of pre-emergency and emergency situations in power supply networks when indicators sent to the control room exceed the required standards;
• automatic switching to backup or autonomous power supply in situations where the main power supply of the network is disconnected or damaged;
• remote management of nodes and communication devices of this subsystem from the control room PC;
• systematic monitoring of energy use, with the ability to account and register the resource consumed in general for the building, as well as individually, for example, for apartments;
• indication of parameters of distribution and supply networks on local control panels.

The subsystem constantly monitors the presence of input voltage directly at the point of entry into a residential building with a numerical indicator and the total current consumption that passes through the power supply feeder. If it happens that there is no voltage or the set parameters fail, then information about the occurrence of an emergency situation is sent to the control room. After such a signal, the monitoring system, based on a programmed algorithm, disconnects subscribers.

1. Heat supply

This subsystem is used to control hot water, heat, to control pumping stations, heating boilers and other equipment.

The heat supply subsystem not only controls, but also maintains within certain limits various technological parameters, for example the temperature and pressure of the coolant in both types of pipelines, performance and condition circulation pumps, the opening value of the control valves.

In addition, the heat supply subsystem performs a large number of other functions:

• maintains records of the resource of technical equipment;
• carries out automatic supply of reserve if necessary;
• performs prompt intervention in situations where the temperature or pressure at the monitored points of the heat supply network exceeds the permissible limits;
• ensures that the alarm system is triggered if pumping stations operate in emergency mode;
• keeps track of the heat resource used and the water resource spent on hot water supply;
• controls the pumps from the main control room.

The heat supply subsystem monitors the presence of the required level of water pressure in the supply line. If an emergency occurs, a corresponding signal will be sent to the control room.

1. Electric lighting control subsystem

In order to save energy in public areas (for example, in entrances), you can set alternating lighting modes using sensors that respond to motion, which are installed in the desired non-residential premises. Controllers for lighting control monitor it after receiving the appropriate control commands. The flexibility of the algorithm makes it possible to include various modes in the operation of the electric lighting control subsystem.

1. Security subsystem

1. Fire safety

In public areas (entrances, elevators, corridors) fire detectors are installed that respond to the appearance of smoke. Manual fire alarms must be installed along the evacuation route.

The signal about the action of these devices is sent to the controller. This information is processed there and transmitted to the AIS server. The controller in the smoke area turns on the smoke removal system according to the established algorithm of actions. Management of this system increases the level of reliability when the server or communication channels fail. The same system issues commands to control elevators, turn off ventilation system and power supply subsystems.

1. Alarm

A so-called panic button is installed in each residential building of an apartment building; when pressed, the controller sends an alarm signal and notifies the main server about this signal.

As an additional function, along with this button, security and fire alarms can be installed in residential premises.

1. Emergency prevention subsystem

For quick detection of gas or water leaks in residential and basements Special sensors for measuring gas and water concentrations are installed in MKD. In a situation if acceptable standards the concentrations of these resources are exceeded, a signal about a malfunction is sent to the main control room. At the same time, the sensors send the same signal to the controller, and it already gives a command to close shut-off valves and shut-off valves.

With the help of a residential building dispatch system, you can prevent emergency situations in advance, which, if they occur, will bring serious consequences both for the residents of the house and for the system itself.

1. Subsystem with an automated billing system for accounting for energy resources and settlements with consumers

The main tasks of the automated payment system for energy resources:

• subscriber registration procedure, maintaining an information database, linking subscribers to gas, water, and electricity metering devices;
• maintaining customer accounts, financial settlements with resource users;
• accounting for the consumption of gas, water, electricity by subscribers based on the indicators of their metering devices;
• control over existing tariffs;
• calculations for advance payments and credit payments for consumed resources;
• drawing up receipts for payment of consumed resources for subscribers;
• preparation of reporting documentation for current state subscriber's account and payment history;
• automatic distribution: notification via SMS or email;
• compiling reports on the consumption of gas, water, electricity using common household metering devices;
• maintaining the necessary logs and statistics of the work process of the residential building dispatch system.

Installing a dispatch system for a residential building involves installing various technical equipment; even a system for a concierge in an apartment building requires installing an intercom on the entrance door, intercom devices in each residential area, a system control panel and other equipment. The price of a dispatch system for apartment buildings ranges from 15,000 to 20,000 rubles. for the apartment. This price does not include the cost of installing metering devices.

Expert opinion

Dispatching water meters saved the HOA from ruin

Yuri Bugrov,

Chairman of the HOA "OTRADA-12"

HOA "OTRADA-12" is an apartment building with 168 apartments, located in the North-Eastern administrative district of Moscow. The HOA in this house was formed in 2000, and metering devices were installed at the same time. But not all residents used them when calculating for the resources used. Some continued to pay for water consumption according to established regulatory indicators. There were also unscrupulous residents who reduced the indicators by influencing the metering devices.

Household expenses rose to enormous proportions: for five months of 2016, the partnership paid 403,665 rubles, that is, in one month they had to pay as much as 80 thousand rubles for common water. The HOA was unable to compensate even a small share of such an impressive amount at the expense of the owners of the premises in this apartment building. The HOA had to reduce financial expenses on other items of expenses for maintaining the house.

The management of the partnership was interested in the conscientious approach of apartment owners to the use of resources and in reducing financial expenses for general house needs. To do this it was necessary to eliminate:

• the error of outdated meters, which was approximately 10%;
• excess regulatory use resource in the “rubber” residential premises in which he actually lives more people what is actually written down;
• variation in the timing of testimony. Readings are taken from the common house meter on the 30th, and the owners of residential premises sent readings when it was convenient for them;
• inappropriate use of water. Insertions and different influences on the accounting device reduced the indicators, and the difference went into general house expenses;
• false information sent by mistake or on purpose.

In 2016, the management of the HOA decided to introduce a dispatch system for a residential building (for water). We researched specialized resources and settled on ASKUV - an automated water control and accounting system called “STRIZH”. In November 2016, the installation of a wireless water metering dispatch system began in the apartment building.

One of the components of this system is wireless metering devices “Aqua-1”. They were placed in forty residential premises.

The meters were installed by employees from the partnership staff. They independently managed to cope with the installation of these devices.

Once a day, Aqua-1 sends water consumption indicators via radio to the main control room. The “Mini-BS” station was placed on the roof of the apartment building. Its action was enough to cover a three-kilometer zone in an urban environment, and its sensitivity was enough to receive a signal from metering devices from the residential premises of the apartment building.

The HOA was able to save money not only on the installation of metering devices. There was no need to buy special software or program your own to display indicators. The STRIZH.Online personal account is included in the residential building dispatch system package.

14 days after the introduction of this STRIZH system into use, concerns were confirmed that there was a so-called “rubber” apartment in the apartment building. It recorded a fourfold excess of the standard water consumption rate. According to the documents, one person was registered there, but in fact seven lived there.

This residential premises was rented out, and its owner in the column “Water supply consumption” registered one m 3 of hot and cold water. Before the advent of the dispatch system, management refused to accept the obviously reduced figure and was forced to charge payments according to the standard. After the implementation of the dispatch system, information began to arrive in the personal account that was 4 times higher than the average.

A month after this, the tenants decided to show cunning and stop the speed of the meter by influencing it with a magnet. "Aqua-1" immediately sent this information to the control room. The management of the HOA organized an inspection and confirmed that the residents were using the magnet for personal gain. On this moment the issue of holding them accountable for violating the law is being resolved.

Dispelling myths about the residential building dispatch system

Recently, the popularity of using energy metering devices has led to the emergence of demand for a residential building dispatch system. It frees you from complex “manual” methods of collecting information. But does the dispatch system of a residential building always give positive results? Let's try to understand which of the existing opinions about the dispatch system are correct and which – No.

Myth 1st. A residential building dispatch system is required by heat supply organizations. – This is partly true, but partly not.

There are three key forces in the heat supply sector: the supplier of energy resources, their operator and the intermediary represented by the management company. Naturally, control over the readings of metering devices is of great importance, first of all, for a company that is a supplier of energy resources. If there is a large number of resource metering devices, then the supplier of these resources needs to organize reliable collection of information, timely sending of invoices to pay for used resources, and in addition, monitor the correct operation of metering devices, in ideal this should be done online.

This would provide a chance to send correct and timely receipts to subscribers and, logically, minimize the occurrence of conflict situations and court cases. This is exactly the situation in many European countries.

Examples of some technologies for collecting and transmitting data from metering meters

Example: Roskilde and Hillerod (Denmark)

Task. Launch a centralized system for remote information exchange.

Solution. Purchase of 59 thousand energy resource metering devices, which have the function of automatically sending resource consumption indicators.

Implementation. In cities such as Roskilde and Hillerod, there is a mechanism created by the organization Kamstrup, a supplier of energy metering devices. AMR is an automated data reading system that consists of a metering system (water, heat and electricity), a communication structure and the required software. The time spent collecting data from metering devices takes approximately one minute.

Information read from metering devices is transmitted via radio, GSM and PLC. Thus, the subscriber does not have any need to write off information from metering devices independently and enter it into electricity metering cards. Energy suppliers also receive a positive effect from the implementation of such a residential building dispatch system, since communication with subscribers takes place in a simplified form, and payment is collected in accordance with the issued receipt.

In the Russian Federation, heating network enterprises do not install metering devices. They take them into use, but the metering devices are not on the balance sheet of the company - the energy supplier. The experience of European countries suggests that sooner or later Russian organizations will understand the effectiveness and implement a dispatch system in residential buildings.

Myth 2nd. The dispatch system for residential buildings in the city takes over. - It's a lie.

In Russia, management companies are most interested in the remote format of collecting indicators. Since they are the intermediate component between customers and the company that provides energy resources, their main task is to form a transparent and honest relationship between these parties. In this regard, the MA needs reliable commercial accounting in all apartment buildings that it services.

Example: Myakinino (Russia, Moscow region)

Task. Employees of the NATEK Invest-Energo organization, which operates the Myakinino energy center, were faced with the issue of ensuring an effective work process for a mini-CHP. This thermal power plant provides energy resources and heat to the complex of buildings of the government of the Moscow region and its own office.

Solution. Introduction of accounting devices at the main stages of the production process and their integration into a dispatch system.

Implementation. This automated process control system is an automatic control system technological processes. It provides free access to information from metering devices in real time, and also provides the opportunity to receive, upon request, from the control room all the required information. This method absolutely eliminates the possibility of employee errors. At any second you can check the performance of any metering device that is part of the dispatch network and compare receipts. Systematic control over the operating process of devices energy center provides employees with the opportunity to promptly respond to any changes in key indicators, thus preventing emergencies and other abnormal situations. Naturally, doing all this manually is simply unrealistic. Therefore, the possibility of integration into the selected LonWorks data acquisition system provided in the heat meters used at the enterprise turned out to be very important.

Small dispatch systems formed by one “owner” under specific task. This is either a management company or an industrial enterprise.

Myth 3rd. The dispatch system for residential buildings is a trend. - Yes it's true.

In Russia, it is quite popular to create a dispatch system for residential buildings even before quality accounting has been established. Such an innovation effective benefit will not bring, and as a result, the staff will be disappointed in this system, without realizing all its advantages.

If the goal is clearly set and there is a stable base in the format of uniform and accurate accounting instruments, the dispatch system becomes an effective and cost-effective solution.

Example: Kogalym (Russia)

Task. In 2009, the director of the Teploservice organization, which installs metering devices, creates and further services the ABTP - Automatic Block Heating Point, decided to install a dispatch system for heating points in the city of Kogalym in the Russian Federation.

Causes:

• desire to improve the level of quality of maintenance of facilities;
• requirement related to reducing the number of accidents;
• reducing the time spent by employees on detours.

Implementation. To date, in Kogalym, the dispatch system for residential buildings has united 160 apartment buildings. At the initial stage of the formation of this system, devices were installed Russian production. But at the next stages, domestic equipment was replaced with devices produced by Kamstrup, at the moment their share in the network is 60%. The change of device manufacturer was not just a whim of the Teploservice company. The reason lies in the fact that the characteristics of Kamstrup ultrasonic devices best meet the requirements of management companies and companies that are resource suppliers.

Besides the good ones technical characteristics, such devices provide advanced communication capabilities. Suppose that we decide to switch from GSM communication to a radio channel or another method of exchanging information, we will not even need to reprogram the meters. It is enough just to equip the accounting devices with other modules for transmitting indicators.

Myth 4th. A residential building dispatch system is a serious financial investment. – This is partly true, but partly not.

The purchase of technical equipment for a dispatch system and its installation requires large investments. The payback process depends on many factors, and its period can be from a couple of months to several years. However, after the dispatch system has paid for itself, it begins to generate good profits. In addition, it significantly reduces the level of labor resource costs. The following are distinguished: positive sides residential building dispatch systems:

1. Low probability of errors. The accuracy of manual collection of electricity consumption indicators leaves much to be desired. But remote information collection systems in extremely rare cases fail.
2. A chance to remotely monitor the workflow of metering devices and heating systems. Thus, the maximum possible fast decision emergency situations.
3. The ability to service any number of apartment buildings without increasing the number of employees.

Example:Dolgoprudny (Russia, Moscow region)

Task. The Teploservice organization, which installs and uses metering devices in new buildings in Dolgoprudny, was tasked with minimizing labor costs. This would help increase the number of apartment buildings served.

Solution. Create a dispatch system for heating points with the function of monitoring heat supply indicators for new apartment buildings from a single dispatch center.

Implementation. Management of the condition and control of all technical equipment of heating points (including metering devices, heat automation, heating pumps and hot water supply) is carried out from one control room. The collected data is displayed in real time on a PC monitor. Indicators are updated once every ten seconds. If an emergency situation occurs, a notification about it is sent to the mobile phone of the control room engineer.

In practice, the savings in employee time are simply incredible. After all, large management companies usually have several hundred heating points on their register. And the number of employees who carry out their repair work is limited. It is clear that daily inspections in such conditions are unrealistic and an emergency without remote monitoring may be detected late.

Myth 5th. Residential building dispatch systems are multifunctional. - Yes it's true.

The key task of a residential building dispatch system is to minimize costs labor resources and collection of real, truthful indicators from metering devices. But the obtained indicators can also be used to solve technical issues.

Example: Chisinau (Moldova)

Task. The Termocom organization, which is the main supplier of heat resources in the city of Chisinau, was tasked with detecting leaks in heating networks.

Solution. Comparative analysis expenses that were recorded on metering devices, on the supply and return pipelines in online format.

Implementation. Heat resource metering devices with two ultrasonic flow meters (on the supply and return pipelines) were installed at the central heating station and ITP in Chisinau. Information from of this equipment They are sent via radio to the main control room and processed by software that allows monitoring of all heating points. If the supply and return flow data do not match, then it is clear that heat is leaking somewhere in the area. From large nodes you can go down to smaller ones and find out exactly where the problem arose. If previously leaks could exist for months, now they are localized and eliminated within an hour.

Employees of the Termocom organization confirmed that the results exceeded all expectations. When the dispatch system of a residential building just started working, the consumption of the make-up water resource was approximately 400 t/h. And after putting it into use in summer - 50 t/h, and in winter - approximately 100 t/h.

Today in Russia there are still few large-scale accounting and data collection networks. Therefore, while the real prospects are relatively small projects, initiated by the MA. The elements of success are considered to be: a clear definition of the dispatch task and a qualified approach to the selection of equipment, primarily metering devices. Then the system will be operational, functional, efficient and, as a result, economically justified.

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Expert opinion

In Russia, it is popular to connect a dispatch system via a local network and GPRS

A. A. Matveev,

Key Account Manager at Teleoffice OJSC

As a rule, the dispatch system of a residential building includes the following elements:

• digital metering devices through which readings are taken;
• a communication device that sends indicators from metering devices to the information collection server;
• information collection server;
• specialized software for collecting information and calculating receipts for subscribers.

There are several options for providing communication with the metering device: wired and wireless, local networks and via the Internet. The most effective method is to transmit information using the Internet.

1. Internet connection via local network Ethernet

An Ethernet cable makes it possible to connect metering devices to the Internet network already existing in the house, which helps reduce financial costs when implementing a dispatch system for a residential building.

Ethernet converters connect via the Internet to a server for collecting indicators and ensure the transfer of information from metering devices connected to them.

This is an elementary and effective method of connecting metering devices to the network, but requires access to the Internet directly at the site.

1. Connecting to the Internet via GPRS cellular network

The working process of GPRS terminals does not depend on the presence/absence of an Internet connection. GPRS terminals are convenient because they provide the ability to connect metering devices to the Internet in absolutely any place where there is a cellular connection.

Due to their versatility and uninterrupted operation, GPRS terminals have proven themselves to be excellent and are used for connecting to metering devices for electricity, gas, water, heat, etc.

The benefit from using solutions based on cellular communications is obvious - the reliability of communication with the metering device does not depend on the infrastructure in the building. Cellular communications, naturally, have a certain cost for services, but, firstly, it is quite cheap, and, secondly, the reliability of communication is guaranteed by the cellular operator, which allows you to avoid unexpected costs for repairs and maintenance of the communication network.”

Visit of a specialist to take measurements and draw up an estimate - free of charge

Order a dispatch system for housing and communal services

Housing and communal services dispatching is a relatively new and popular area in the service sector. Such a system provides comprehensive control of resources and guarantees comfort and savings.

Modern technologies make life simpler and more enjoyable, and the housing and communal services sector is no exception in this regard. The Elton company offers dispatch services for housing and communal services. Our specialists will do everything quickly and efficiently necessary work which include:

• dispatch system planning;
• selection of necessary equipment, ranging from sensors, controllers and ending with instrument panels;
• installation of system elements and software installation;
• adjustment and testing.

One of the undoubted advantages of modern dispatch systems is that the system does not require investing money in all functions at once. It is possible to implement the system in stages, adding additional functions and options to the initially installed basic equipment over time.

Advantages of housing and communal services dispatching

Not only private clients, but also homeowners associations turn to our company for the installation of dispatch systems. commercial organizations and management companies.

Modern equipment and software provide:

• comfortable and simple interaction with any sphere of housing and communal services;
• effective energy saving algorithms;
• ensuring technological safety;
• reducing operating costs and accounting for the consumption of various resources.

Either one user or a group can be connected to the system. The modern technological base allows you to unlimitedly expand the platform and include new users, new capabilities and new automation objects.

Capabilities of dispatch systems

TO standard system can connect:

• power supply system;
• central heating;
• supply of hot and cold water;
• gas supply system;
• security systems.

Dispatching allows you to carefully monitor resource consumption, which helps identify defaulters and violators. Systems connected to dispatch are carefully monitored and provide detailed data both in real time and hourly and minutely.

The Elton company has its own 24-hour dispatch center, which monitors facilities and promptly and clearly responds in the event of emergency signals.

Sensors and controllers for the system

Special sensors and controllers independently detect damage and malfunctions, and, depending on the settings, can inform residents, emergency and/or repair services.

For example, in the event of a fire, sensors send a signal to the control panel, from where a call is made to the fire department and a voice message is transmitted with a description of the situation and address, and the owner of the apartment or house is notified at the same time.

Can be connected to the same system in parallel automatic system extinguishing, which will begin to operate even before the fire brigade leaves. Approximately the same algorithm for the system’s operation in the event of a gas leak, damage to the water supply system, etc.

We offer products and software from leading manufacturers. Thanks to the extensive experience and high qualifications of our specialists, we guarantee prompt and competent dispatch of housing and communal services. New technologies guard your safety.