Interesting decorative elements. Various types of decor on finished furniture. Work examples. Techniques used in decorating walls during construction

In ancient times, architecture began with the construction of dwellings, then people began to erect monuments and symbolic structures in honor of the rulers and deities in whom they believed. Naturally, these monumental buildings were decorated whenever possible. To learn how to create more elegant elements, crafts began to be mastered. The latter served as an impetus for the emergence of artistic values ​​and the emergence in humans of a craving for “beauty.” Primitive houses were equipped not only with the necessary minimum items for comfortable life, but also things that did not have a specific purpose. They appeared solely as a beautiful addition. These elements subsequently received the name “decor”, which translated from Latin sounds like “decent”, “decent”. In richer houses they did not skimp on interior decoration, while the poor were content with little, but even managed to revive their shacks with the help of improvised means. Nowadays, decorative elements are considered components interior decoration premises along with furniture. Together with the decoration of the walls, ceiling and floor, they create a unique design picture. Each style is characterized by the use of certain types of decorative elements.

The role of decorative items

Decor in an interior painting allows you to add color, place accents and give the room a complete look. Cute little things that do not carry any functional load create coziness in the room and give it a touch of “warmth”. If you leave only the decoration and furniture in the room, it will become comfortable, but it is not a fact that it will be pleasant to be in it. Pay attention to the offices in the offices, hospital wards and other government premises. They look sterile, and it immediately becomes clear that people don’t live here. Because the functional minimum only contributes to the work process, and a person is used to surrounding himself with beauty, little things that become part of his life. At the same time, any designer knows that decor can be given both a leading and a secondary role. In the first case, objects are combined into a complex composition that looks impressive against the neutral background of the decoration and other decorations. If the decor is secondary, then it only highlights the overall stylistic concept and becomes an inconspicuous addition.

The concept of “decoration” reflects the main purpose of decorations in a room. The design is used in theatrical productions to transfer the action to necessary conditions and visualize the background environment.

Variety of decorative items

Decor in the broadest sense of the word is classified according to its totality characteristic features into three types:

There are also “interspecific” combinations. For example, relief (not a characteristic, but a branch of art) combines sculptural and pictorial types: three-dimensional compositions are created on a flat plane. There is also another classification according to the degree of “activity” of decorative objects:

• Passive. Used exclusively when it is necessary to decorate a room.
• Active. They are an integral part of the architectural structure and perform specific functions.

Also, decorative objects are divided into those purchased in stores and those made by hand. The latter are closely related to the process of creativity and handicraft. The things that resulted self made, are valued an order of magnitude higher, as they are exclusive details that will make the interior unique. You can choose decorative elements for a city apartment or private house yourself or seek help from specialists. The latter is relevant for complex stylistic decisions in luxury apartments, when the furnishings must fully correspond to the concept of the chosen direction. By location, objects are classified into four groups:

• Tabletop. Lamps, figurines, clocks.
• Floor-standing. Large vases, lamps.
• Wall-mounted. Clocks, paintings, sconces, mirrors.
• Ceiling. As a rule, we are talking about chandeliers, although in experimental interiors there are cases of placing images above the head.

Based on materials used, items are divided into:

• Wooden. They are made from any species, often with carved elements.
• Stone. Water, as you know, wears away stones, but for humans this task is much more difficult. For this reason, products from natural stone, as a rule, are highly valued due to the labor-intensive creation process.
• Metal. Casting and forging are the main ways to create such things.
• Ceramics. Elegant and neat items that often repeat national motifs. Suffice it to recall Chinese or Russian porcelain.
• Gypsum. It is an affordable material for creating sculptures.
• Glass. From it are executed individual elements or stained glass mosaics.
• Polystyrene foam, polyurethane, cardboard, plywood, paper. They are used to create inexpensive compositions due to the affordable cost of materials.
• Textile. This broad category includes many elements: from interior dolls to window curtains.

Decoration is always thoroughly “saturated” with stylistic motifs. Each design direction has specific elements. For example, exquisite decor classic style will look out of place in a room decorated in Provence. Elegant and stylish items used in a loft are completely unsuitable for practical shabby chic.

For premises of a certain type, conditional standards are imposed on the permissible number of decorative elements. There should be fewer of them in the kitchen, hallway and bathroom; moderate use is allowed in the bedroom, but the living room can be full of decorations that will not spoil it at all. Also, the decor can be universal or narrowly focused, only for rooms of a certain type. For example, a fireplace belongs to the first category, and shaped jars for storing spices - to the second.

Stone and marble in the interior

Stone and marble are used as decorative finishing of the room and serve as material for independent products. In wall cladding it is used to embody expensive styles with a claim to luxury. Moreover, in most cases, a cheaper imitation is used, which is visually indistinguishable from the original. Polished marble is a universal material; countertops, sinks, figurines, boxes, stands, bowls, tableware, “legs” of lamps and even vases are made from it. Stone brings a touch of naturalness to the interior, which is why it is popular in “eco-style” settings.

Decorative elements with wave motifs

Contrary to misconceptions, such gizmos are used not only when decorating rooms in a marine style. “Wavy” lines are characterized by introducing dynamics into space. They are able to enliven too boring or serious interiors and at the same time set you in a calm mood and help you relax. Perhaps in this case the effect of a calming “swaying” on the waves is triggered. Similar motifs are more often found in textiles: curtains, rugs, pillows, upholstery, bedspreads. A little less often, the “wavy” theme is found in paintings and the shapes of vases, decorative bottles, and clocks. Traditionally, similar lines are designed in shades of blue, light blue and green.

You can even “make waves” on laminate flooring if you correctly combine this coating with ceramic tiles. The border of the combination should have characteristic outlines.

IN last years there is a triumphant return of Renaissance motifs to interiors. The items are characterized by a touch of Italian luxury and elegance. Of course, the decorative elements do not look modern, but they dynamically adapt to mixed styles, effectively highlighting their originality. From the Renaissance they borrow vases, partially nude sculptures, columns, dishes, stucco, specific floral patterns on surfaces and thematic images of laurel wreaths.

Original decorative elements in the form of hands and gestures

Sculptures depicting hands in characteristic gestures are perhaps the most non-trivial interior decoration of recent years. Such art objects are classified as late abstractionism. Modern masters draw inspiration from the legacy of Auguste Rodin. The French sculptor attached special importance to hands. He often exaggerated their sizes, creating huge compositions of intertwined fingers. The most famous creation of the master in similar style- “Hands of the Creator”, decorating the author’s museum in Paris. Decorative elements that capture various gestures are considered laconic options that are chosen by original people who are not afraid of experiments.

Bright vases and interior accessories

Decorative elements made in bright colors act as accents in the room. With the help of such color spots, designers attract the attention of guests to specific areas of the room. Items can perform two functions:

• Draw attention away from shortcomings;
• Conditionally show where “ best sides» interior.

In a setting where neutral colors predominate, they don’t skimp on bright vases, bowls, stands, clocks, or lamps. In colorful decoration they are used to a minimum so as not to overload the space.

Interior items with animals

Little Brothers in paintings, figurines, images on textile surfaces always attract the eye and show that the owners have a good sense of humor. Dogs, cats, rabbits and other cute pets are suitable for mischievous and eccentric styles. Snakes, running horses, wolves, foxes, and leopards will harmoniously blend into the austere interiors. Any predators that are the embodiment of strength and danger will emphasize the seriousness of the situation.

Clocks and paintings

As for paintings, these decorative elements open up a lot of possibilities for the designer. The entire perception of the decorated area sometimes depends on their location, frame model and image. When placing paintings, you should take into account the “57 inches” rule: the art object is placed at eye level, approximately 150 cm from the floor. Its center should fall on the conventional line; this is the only way a person will be able to examine the image in detail. IN Lately collages have come into fashion, which are made up of several paintings (starting from three) in various combinations. Dimensions individual parts compositions can range from tiny to large. Decorate with collages accent walls in the room, and their characters can be completely different: images of people, flowers, city panoramas, still lifes, landscapes. Watches have long ceased to be used only for their intended purpose. Nowadays, such fancy lines of shape and materials are popular that sometimes at first glance it is difficult to guess what exactly is in front of you. Clocks can be wall, floor and table. Meet original models, built into tabletops, part of a collage on the walls, “flowing down” from window sills (a surreal calling card of Salvador Dali), with “sectors” filled with bulk materials of different colors and fractions. The variety of watches allows you to choose a unique option that will suit a specific interior.

Original mirrors

Mirrors, too, at one time fell under the “sights” of the tenacious eyes of designers, and began to embody their most unusual fantasies. Eco style uses frames made from real branches or parts of tree trunks. In minimalism and high-tech, the surfaces of the mirrors themselves are original: voluminous, convex, consisting of many edges. For those who want to stand out, compositions made from “cracked” pieces, which are attached to the wall in a chaotic disorder, are suitable. Using a similar technique, “honeycombs” are created: combinations of pieces of the same shape (hexagons) and sizes. A mirror can be part of an artistic composition, its volumetric element. For example, the wall is decorated with a huge image of a dandelion head or a “dill” umbrella, and the “parachutes” in it are made of reflective pieces, round in shape. Mirror surfaces used for finishing kitchen aprons, walls in the living room and furniture facades.

Candlesticks and lamps

Lamps and candlesticks are primarily considered as a functional unit. They make up for the lack natural light, and only then are they perceived as an art object in the interior. Lamps are used everywhere. They are placed on the floor, on tables and hung on walls. In recent years, spot lighting has become very popular, creating an atmosphere of luxury in the room. A “branch” of bare light bulbs twisted around the frame of a mirror or doorway is a stylish addition to modern design. The variety of shapes, shades, and materials allows you to complete any design, emphasizing its advantages. Lamps are purchased last; they are akin to the finishing touches on a canvas that correct the resulting picture. Candlesticks are used less frequently, as they are mistakenly associated exclusively with antiquity. Fashion trends did not bypass them, and allowed us to look at a familiar object from a different angle. Their “legs” are made of wood, metal, glass and even stone.

In order to earn more money and attract additional customers, you need to go in one direction, but in several ways: so to speak, differentiate your offer. If you want to buy furniture decor and develop a special design for a furniture collection, but you have not yet formed an image of new models, then look at examples of work with applied decor and perhaps the idea will not keep you waiting.

Below are photo examples of work and recommended decor that can be used one way or another in the manufacture of furniture.

Fig.1 Living room, made of painted MDF, decorated and applied decor similar

Rice. 2 Production of facades with decorative overlays. We recommend and various types .

Rice. 3 Bedroom element (wardrobe) decorated with applied decor.

Fig. 4.1 Very often furniture decor is used in decoration kitchen facades, and not only moldings for the facades, but also sockets that complement the image of the columns of kitchen furniture.

Rice. 5. Moldings are often used not only on facades, but also to decorate kitchen cornices. For example, you can use molding to create complete with overhead vertical decor or

Fig.6 Example of using SY-18 molding on a kitchen cornice

Fig.7 To complete a furniture collection: bedrooms, living rooms or lunch groups It is necessary not only to decorate the facades and ends of furniture, but also to create chairs and poufs. In the figure, an example of using supports with a height of 405 mm for poufs and a height of 715 mm for dining tables in a classic style.

Fig.8 To make the lines smoother corner elements cabinets are made radius and decorated with special overlays with an internal radius, such as or Below are examples of the use of PVC decors on a furniture collection. Used here: for finishing facades, and decor for decorating corner parts of cabinets.

Fig.9 The use of moldings and decors on kitchen cornices is not only convenient, but also very beautiful. In addition, kitchen shelves are often made using SY-09133# balusters. These elements can be radius or straight, depending on where the open kitchen shelf is located.

In order to create beautiful furniture You can use different types of decorative elements:

• wooden overlays for furniture
• polyurethane decor
• applied decor made from pulp (a mixture of wood dust and plasticizers)

We invite you to realize your ideas without using expensive materials, especially if you work in the economy segment. PVC moldings, overlay decor and ABS supports are perfectly painted, thanks to smooth surface look great under film for membrane-vacuum pressing.

In order to profitably buy overhead decor, you need to study right now and contact us in any way convenient for you: or call.

We look forward to collaborating! Creating beautiful furniture is not only easy, but also profitable!

is the pinnacle of your herculean efforts to renovate your home, and what your guests will notice.

Today there are a few secrets for you beautiful combination interiors that work in any style and in any interior class - from luxury to economy.

But first, let's clarify what it is. Many people confuse “interior decor” and “interior design”. Interior decor is the final stage of design, is the selection of accessories that give the home character.

Photo 1

Selection of accessories for the interior of the room

Photo 1 is an example of an excellent selection of accessories - the picture on the wall rhymes with the color of both pillows and lamps. But not only that, note that the blurry, gradient nature of the image in the picture rhymes with the blurry color of the lamps. This is high class.

Photo 2 – light green pillows rhyme with leaves in the wallpaper pattern; photo 3 – the purple sofa rhymes with the pink and purple flowers on the walls

So, the first rule is rhyme. Buying paintings, sofa cushions, vases for your interior, desk lamp and other home accessories, match them to the color of any object in your interior.

The leftmost photo shows curtains, chair upholstery and lamps in the same pastel blue color; photo in the middle - a bouquet of flowers rhymes with a bright purple chest of drawers; far right photo - creamy pink curtains supported by pink pillows and a bouquet of flowers

Photo 7 shows the easiest way to achieve the result - curtains, sofa cushions and chair upholstery are made from the same fabric. It looks quite decent, although a little standard. Below I will show you more interesting ones interior decor examples.

Selecting the color of accessories

The color selection does not have to be one-to-one. If the accessories are not from the same collection, then choosing a tone-on-tone color is extremely difficult. The colors of the accessories should be almost they should be the same very similar, but, of course, can differ by several tones.

The same applies to the drawing - it is not necessary to exactly rhyme the pattern of the curtains with the pattern in the painting. They should be very similar, as you will see in the photo below, but they do not have to match (this is almost impossible).

What exactly can you choose home accessories for?

1. If the walls have a pattern, then sofa cushions, table lamps and floor lamps, a rug in front of the sofa and even furniture (sofa, armchairs) can be matched to one of the colors of the wallpaper pattern, as in the photo above.

2. Sofa cushions rhyme well with the paintings above the sofa - select the picture so that it contains the color of the sofa cushions.

Advice. If it is difficult to choose a picture to match the color of the sofa pillows, you can make a panel from the same fabric from which the pillows are made - it looks very stylish, as in photo 8.

3. Large accessories (chairs and armchairs, table lamps, floor lamps, paintings) rhyme well with curtains and with each other, as in the photo on the left. Then the interior will not “fall apart” if you replace the curtains.

4.Sofa cushions can rhyme with curtains, as well as with armchairs and ottomans, as in photo 10.

Please note that in the photo of the interior on the right, the pattern of the sofa cushions does not exactly match the pattern of the ottoman - they are just very similar.

Selection of gold and silver interior accessories

It should be said that Gold accessories almost always need rhyme.

Gold and silver in the interior is a completely different story, but now I will say that gold-colored accessories rarely look good alone. As a rule, a mirror with a gilded frame requires at least a couple of gilded accessories.

Please note that the color of golden accessories must match.

Dark “old” gold with a deep color does not go well with shiny, bright, “new” gold with a catchy color.

Cross rhyme is almost always used

Let's look closely at the image on the right. Here the pattern of the sofa cushions rhymes with the pattern of abstract paintings on the wall - this is one rhyme. And the color of the vases and souvenir wicker balls rhymes with the color of the blankets and one of the pillows - this is the second rhyme.

It is important to note that the rhyming accessories are “mixed”, that is, dispersed throughout the sofa area. Therefore, the interior looks seamless.

Cross rhyme rule. Alternate rhyming accessories. Use two rhymes in your interior (for example, rhyme curtains with sofa cushions and a picture above the sofa, and a carpet with vases on coffee table and the lampshade of the floor lamp).

This is necessary so that the interior looks integral, so that it does not have a “piece” of an area in one color and another “piece” of an area in a different color.

In the next photo of the interior you can see how the colors of the accessories are distributed.
1 – light pink color– lamps and painting;

2 – rich pink color – a blanket and a flat vase;

3 – green – pattern on the curtains, pillow and candles on the table;

4 – one fabric for curtains and pillows.

In this interior, rhyming accessories are dispersed throughout the room, so the room is not divided into a “pink corner” or a “green corner.”

You can see the proper distribution of colors in the decor in the photo below. Here the colors of the chairs and sunflowers (red, olive, yellow) are duplicated in a large painting that is not next to the table. As a result, the kitchen-dining room acquires integrity - the same colors are used in the dining area, on the other wall, and in the decor of the kitchen unit.

Decorative elements can be the most unexpected things - for example, indoor flowers and bouquets, which we rarely think of specifically as interior decoration. The photo above is a very beautiful and poetic example of using flowers for interior decoration. The subtle pattern of the wallpaper seems to transform into thin stems hanging from the console table, and it is even difficult to make out where the pattern ends and the living flower begins.

Aerobatics – repeating motifs in paintings and in the interior.

Here the painting on the wall seems to “come to life”, turning into a collection of souvenirs on the shelf.

We see a jug, vases, and even a wicker ball.

The dark blue color is perfectly repeated in the painting and in the interior, and even the complex lingonberry color is rhymed. Great job.

Mistakes in interior decor

We can talk about the subject of the article for a very long time, but it is taking on threatening proportions. So let's take a break and look at what mistakes to avoid when matching accessories with each other. If you use a bright, fractional, contrasting or variegated pattern in any accessory, then it is better to select a rhyme for this accessory in only ONE of the colors used in the pattern.

If you repeat a bright or fractional pattern in several accessories, you will get something like last photo. There are only two colors – white and blue, and what a visual mess!

I hope this article was helpful to you - if so, click the “+1”, “like” button or your social network icon. Thank you!

1 Comment

Larisa says:
10/07/2012 at 12:56 am
Great article!!! just like everyone else!!!

You can get to know the author better on her page on the social network https://www.facebook.com/SwieceOsobiste?fref=ts. All the author’s works are exhibited there, but without a master class) I was so fascinated by these candles that I couldn’t publish just the ideas, I also found a master class (so that the publication would be not only inspiring, but also educational) Sorry for another big publication size, but I think that many will find it useful for creativity)

So, the author creates flower candles using dried flowers. Right now this topic is relevant, when everything around is blooming and you can collect a bunch natural material for creativity. For work, you can use all the flowers, twigs, cones, small fruits with berries - everything you like, everything you find in your garden or walking through the forest. I wish you pleasant viewing and success in your favorite work!

Here is a candle gift plate - dried flowers drenched in paraffin

Now let's see how you can repeat one of the author's works? Floral candles using dried flowers can be made in two ways, one of which is decoupage on candles with dried flowers and leaves from the herbarium.

We separate any flowers, twigs and leaves into separate elements for the herbarium

Place on a sheet of paper and dry

We buy the simplest, cheapest candles in the store, remove the wicks, break them into pieces and place them in a container. We bet on steam bath, into a pot of water

The candles will begin to melt. You need to make sure that the mass does not boil, but simply melts - melts

Prepare the form. For fat people flower candles, like the author of the works I present, you can use an aluminum Pepsi can. We install and secure the wick in the mold. Fill it with paraffin and wait for it to harden. At room temperature it will take 2-3 hours

Let's move on to decoupage. We will need another candle, tweezers and a spoon

Heat a spoon over a candle flame

We apply leaves with petals to the candle and glue them using a hot spoon

And now the main secret: if some flowers or leaves do not look very nice on a candle, craftswomen take the finished candle with decoupage by the wick and lower it into a bowl with warm paraffin. That is, they cover the candle with a thin new layer

Floral candles with dried flowers can be made in another way. You can buy a ready-made candle, attach dried flowers to it, implant them with a hot spoon, and dip them in hot paraffin. You can add paraffin in several layers in this way, adding flowers and berries. In general, experiment and you will succeed! And now I invite you to view ideas)

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Candles with wildflowers

The idea came to make candles with wildflowers, and I was inspired by the amazing works of the Polish craftswoman Aneta Szuniewicz http://swieceosobiste.pl/. Many thanks to her for her work and interesting ideas. Many tests were made until I understood how to make them and what, in fact, is the secret of such beauty. In the candles of this craftswoman, I really liked the effect of perspective, when the grass in the background seems to be in a fog, and the foreground is very clearly visible. I tried to achieve this effect and will tell you how, as well as what mistakes I made when making these candles.

What I liked the most was the “empty candle”, on which the distance effect is most noticeable. The mold is poured from paraffin, and a small candle is placed inside. Look how beautiful she looks in the dark.

10.

You should start by collecting different flowers, grass, inflorescences, etc., with which you want to decorate future candles. All of them must be dried, that is, in other words, a herbarium. But what to do when you feel the urge to make candles now, but it takes at least a week to get a herbarium? There is a way out: I lay out the collected leaves, inflorescences on a paper towel... I press them with my finger to leave them in the form I want. I cover it with another one on top paper towel and iron it on both sides. It will take about 1-2 minutes, depending on the thickness of the material. The iron should not be too hot, otherwise the white inflorescences will turn very yellow.

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The next important step is preparing the workplace. I cover all the tables with newspapers, since it is difficult to avoid getting a single drop of paraffin on them. So that you can then calmly enjoy the work you have done, and not spend two hours washing everything around, I highly recommend doing this. I also put several newspapers on the floor, the cases are different, for example, once a little paraffin spilled on the floor. I scraped it off for a long time.
You should prepare two saucepans that you no longer use. But if there are none, then if you really want to, you can still clean them by rinsing them thoroughly in boiling water several times. And you will also need different containers for the candles themselves.

13.

I think everyone knows how to make ordinary candles. I melt paraffin in a water bath. I put a wick made of thick cotton thread into the selected glass, pour in paraffin and put everything in a saucepan with cold water for faster cooling. After cooling, the paraffin will “sag” a little and a depression will form in the center. You just need to add a little more paraffin and everything will be fine.

14.

In this post I will pay more attention to the “empty” candle. To make it, I needed two containers of different diameters. I wind the wire onto the smaller diameter one, forming, as it were, two handles. I clamp the wire tightly so that it does not come off. I place this container in another, wider one, aligning it in the center. Handles are needed so that it does not reach completely to the bottom of the other. Thus, pouring paraffin between two containers, after it hardens, there will be both the walls and the bottom of our candle. I put everything in a saucepan with cold water to speed up the hardening process. Cold water You can also pour it into a smaller glass. This is why the wire should be clamped very well.

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16.
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After the paraffin has hardened, I break the wire by twisting it several more times using pliers. I'm putting everything in now hot water for a few seconds. Most upper layer It will melt a little and you can easily remove the contents. I leave the smaller glass for now, it’s much easier to work with and it will prevent the “candle” from bending.

22. 32.
33.

So, what mistakes are important to avoid:

1. It is very important not to overdo it with the material, as all the airiness and beauty is lost.

2. Do not put large flowers or leaves on the same place where they already exist in previous layers.

3. As I already wrote, it is very important not to remove the smaller container first. Then it is very inconvenient to work with, since with repeated dipping the paraffin becomes a little flexible and the shape is very easy to break.

3. If there are any shortcomings from the very beginning, they should be corrected immediately, for example, by cutting off the protrusions with a knife or smoothing them out with a hot spoon. After dipping everything will be hidden.

4. In the end, there should be no more than 5 layers, and 4 is best. You should immediately try to calculate what needs to be attached and when.

5. Bright flowers It is better to apply in the last two layers so that their color can be seen.

6. A mandatory rule should be that all the stems and grass end at the base of the candle, otherwise later it seems that they are simply glued and there is no closure of the composition.

7. Regarding the question that has arisen, I add one more point. The candle holder does not melt, the main thing is that the candle is small and stands exactly in the middle. If it touches the walls, it will definitely melt. And yet, the candlestick itself should be wide enough, mine is 9.5 cm in diameter with inside. And maybe we need to make sure that the flame is not too strong. Well, in short, no emergency happened to me, but for the first time I need to follow up.

Well, it seems like I wrote everything. I really hope that you will like my work, but I also welcome advice and comments.

Everyone good mood and good summer days.

P.S. Who uses this MK on other sites - a link to the original source is required! I also do not allow you to change the text, cut out links or anything like that.

Do-it-yourself wall decor has two goals: economic and aesthetic. Decorative finishing materials are expensive, but you can find full-fledged substitutes for them in everyday life. Two - a great variety of different materials for decorative finishing and sets of them are offered for sale, and here the law of large numbers begins to take effect: for example, under a microscope, individual grains of sand are beautiful and unique, but all of them together are just a bunch of sand. By taking on wall decor yourself, without looking at ready-made branded solutions, it is possible to get a unique and expressive interior even without experience.

Foundation levels

Examples of successful wall decoration are shown in the photo above. They are of different financial and technological levels, but what they have in common is a skillful combination of aesthetic and technical implementation. There is enough simplicity for every sage, and anyone can dream up a dozen geniuses. However, the degree of talent and creative maturity is determined by how the author is able to translate his insights into the material, and here the first thing is to select the appropriate ones. The next point is that the idea of ​​wall decor can dawn on you before construction/housewarming/overhaul, during it or already in a residential apartment/house. From this point of view, you need to dance from the base - the wall - and in it you need to highlight several technical levels of the arrangement of decorative elements:

• 0th: basic strong (main) wall - concrete, brick, wood - primed and puttied. It is advisable to avoid complex and time-consuming alignment exactly in the plane.
• 1st: wall covered with starting plaster.
• 2nd: the wall is already under the finishing plaster; perhaps colored plain or dyed.
• 3rd: habitable, furnished premises. Either you can’t touch the wall without knowing for sure that it will turn out well, or you need to hide its defects with decorations.
• 4th: independent decoration, technologically not related to the underlying surface.

Based on technical levels applying beauty, wall decor in an apartment will almost certainly turn out to be successful even with an inexperienced master. The general pattern can be seen as follows: the higher the working level, the simpler and cheaper it is, but at the same time the less stable and durable the decor is. However, there are plenty of exceptions to this rule, see below. In general, the work is divided into the following stages:

1. The appearance of the future decorative wall is well thought out in the imagination;
2. The properties of the load-bearing surface determine the range of finishing materials suitable in this case;
3. A branded material is selected that appeals to the author in accordance with his skill, design and financial capabilities;
4. The possibility of creating the intended composition from scrap materials is being considered. There is no need to find one - branded material/kit is purchased.
5. The appearance of the decor is finally thought out - simply a picture - and its sketch is created;
6. The bearing surface is prepared accordingly. technical requirements for the selected material;
7. Finishing and decorative work is being carried out.

And one moment: decor suitable for the upper levels can be located on the lower ones, but not vice versa, i.e. wall decoration methods are compatible from top to bottom. For example, the base wall as it is can be covered with butterflies (see below), but majolica panels (also see below) cannot be glued to flock or structural paint; their fastenings must go at least into the starting plaster. The reason is the base wall and then the lower layers construction finishing must have a load-bearing capacity greater than the upper ones, i.e. from the bare wall outwards load bearing capacity decor basics falls.

What do you want?

A successful creative idea is impossible without expressing in it, to one degree or another, the personality of the author. Soulless decor is ugly decor, just like an ugly plane doesn’t fly well. But, before looking for the answer to the question: “How do I want to express myself in this?”, you need to decide - how much? Exposing yourself to everyone is no more reasonable than throwing a wad of banknotes while paying for beer.

For example, the author of the composition for pos. 1 pic. all in sight, but within the strictly defined framework of his hobby; as for the rest - forgive me, I'm on my own here. In pos. 2, a responsive female soul is visible, but not wide open; you need to think about what’s what in order to approach it. At pos. 3 the author’s priorities are clearly indicated; for the rest, try it, it’s your right, but I’ll decide. But the owner of the ensemble has a pos. 4 thinking is clearly unconventional. You can understand it only by understanding abstract painting. If only the owner himself understands it at least enough to competently choose/paint a picture on the wall.

Conditional zero

A bare wall can, firstly, be draped with fabric on a wooden frame (remember ancient tapestries and draperies); secondly, finish heavy decorative materials, which will be difficult for the starting plaster to carry - clinker tiles, natural or artificial stone. The expressive possibilities of stone are very wide; it goes well with more decorative finishes high levels(right and center in the figure), but these materials are not cheap, and working with them requires thorough knowledge and qualifications. Artistic stone cladding is also difficult because the top layers of finishing will have to be applied around complex contours or in their gaps. For a beginner who, as they say, has his eye on stone or clinker, it is better to limit himself to covering with them the eyesore of the corner, on the left in Fig.

Expensive tapestries or Lyon silk in the age of universal fascination with patchwork are completely replaceable with textile panels made of patchwork, on the left to the next. rice. Sets of scraps for patchwork are on sale, but sewing waste is even cheaper; they are sold by weight. Selecting the flaps, trimming them and sewing them into a panel of the required size is a rather labor-intensive process, but technically simple; The uniqueness of the result is guaranteed by the source material itself.

An important disadvantage of textile wall decor is its flammability. But if communications are laid in the channels of the base wall, and their critical components are located behind the drapes (inspection hatches, drainage pipes, distribution boxes), then in the event of an accident, textile decor can be life-saving. However, the kitchen, hallway and seats common use You cannot decorate with fabric, because... it is hygroscopic, absorbs odors and can become a habitat for bacteria.

Also, there is no need to decorate the nursery with textiles, simply because children are children. But here is the balcony attached to the room - perfect place for textile decoration, on the right in Fig. Firstly, light finishing does not additionally load the balcony slab, which is already burdened with glazing and insulation. Secondly, the soft porous finish will provide additional insulation. And you will need several times less money for materials and work than for any of the other rooms.

Crooked tapestries

Curved surfaces are decorated with fabric step by step as follows:

• Prepared accordingly. wood frame configuration with posts and transverse ribs. It is better to cut curved parts from thick plywood.
• The front part of the frame is covered with electrical cardboard or thin hard elastic plastic with glue and small nails.
• The cloth is placed on the frame and evenly covered with threads drawn from the underside into the folds of the fabric.
• The edges of the covered frame are carefully pressed through the fabric with liquid glue, for example, cyanoacrylate.
• Once the glue has dried, the tightening threads are cut.
• The folds of the panel are additionally attached to the frame from the bottom with wallpaper nails or pushpins with a flat head.

Let's smear at the start

Ideas for decorating walls using starting plaster are feasible, in descending order of technical complexity and cost, using the following. materials:

1. Textured (decorative) plaster and/or gypsum stucco;
2. Flocking;
3. Painting with structural paint.

Plaster

Kit expressive means textured plaster for interior work incomparably richer than “bark beetle”, etc. For exterior finishing. Relatively accessible, in price and technologically, ready-made dry textured plasters, which are mixed for use according to the instructions, pos. 1-3 in Fig., but working with them requires the qualification of a painter-plasterer of at least 4-5 categories. Relief decorative plaster (items 4 and 5) is actually hand-made artistic stucco. Cast relief decor is used for finishing at other levels, see below.

Flocks and chips

Flocking is liquid wallpaper with a soft organic filler, fibrous or cotton; the latter are sometimes called chips. The surface texture of flocked walls appears soft; does not get dirty to the touch, does not feel cold and does not scratch. Flocks are easy to care for using detergents, are non-toxic and non-allergenic. The color tones of the flocks are soft, pastel; You can flock the walls either in a continuous layer or using a stencil, creating a pattern, the top row in Fig. For these reasons, flocking is a highly desirable way to decorate walls in a nursery.

Flocks are produced as one-component - a dry mixture of binder and filler is mixed with water and applied like plaster - and 2-component: the binder is mixed separately and filler or a mixture of both is added to it. The textures of 1-component flocks are relatively stable (samples are at the bottom left in the figure); The texture of the 2-component flock is formed during its application with fillers collected from the cash register (bottom right). 2-component flocks are much more expensive and more difficult to work with, but they can produce halftones and color transitions.

Not just paint

Structural (textured) paint differs from conventional paint in its higher viscosity and uneven drying speed throughout the thickness of the layer, due to which the paint layer, when dry, does not spread evenly over the surface, but collects into folds, granular or rounded granules. There are self-structuring and structured textured paints. The first ones are applied with a paint roller and, when dry, form a streaky, granular, shagreen, etc. surface.

Structured textured paints are thick, but they dry more evenly throughout the layer thickness, so the texture of the surface they paint is formed during painting. Basic painting methods textured paint are given in the top row of the figure, but the more subtle working techniques are not technologically complex, see pos. bottom row:

1. Single textured roller the resulting pattern is somewhat blurry, but unique;
2. A clear, regular pattern is drawn with a double relief roller;
3. If you apply textured paint with a flexible brush (flat, wide, hard), you can get a stone-like texture. The furrows and ridges of the paint layer will stretch in the direction of the brush strokes;
4. The paint is applied with a flange brush in fan-shaped or smoothly curved strokes. Then wait for the surface layer of paint to dry. Next, a smooth plastic working shaft (the so-called rolling roller) is placed in the double roller, and a wetting shaft is soaked in clean water, and the paint layer is rolled in with light pressure. The result is a wood-like surface.
5. Using ordinary painting brushes with textured paint, you can create relief contour artistic images.

Note: Textured paint can be used on finishing plaster, it will withstand, and on ordinary non-woven wallpaper. Usually, a continuous layer is painted at the start, in order to reduce the cost of finishing, over the finish - in sections, and over non-woven fabric - when you need to update a habitable room.

What can you do at the finish line?

Decor for finishing plaster provides a particularly rich selection of expressive means, so it is better to arrange its options in increasing order of the ratio of technical complexity to the aesthetics of the image:

• Wallpapering: regular, photo and 3D;
• Appliques and small applied decor;
• Artistic painting.

Note: Wallpaper, as you know, can also be glued to starting plaster. But for decorative purposes, the entire wall is often not covered with wallpaper, so a construction and finishing finish is needed to create an attractive background.

Wallpaper

The simplest way to decorate a wall with wallpaper is to take 2 types of them, contrasting or harmonizing, and paste them in alternating stripes, the top row in Fig. On sale are the so-called. Twin wallpapers, rolls of different tones and colors sold in pairs. Stripes are usually glued vertically: ceilings higher than 3 m are rare in modern rooms, and when gluing with horizontal stripes, the effect of overhanging the ceiling is more pronounced than the effect of compressing space when gluing horizontally.

A more spectacular way to decorate with wallpaper is to glue panels out of them, the bottom row in Fig. Manufacturers, in addition to the long-known photo wallpapers, offer very realistic 3D panels for the originals. 3D paintings are not cheap, and a full-wall panel is often unaffordable. In this case, the panels are glued to the wall and everything unnecessary is simply painted over, see fig. on right. The shadows, for greater realism, in this case are painted on.

About glass wallpaper

Recently, fiberglass wallpapers have been increasingly promoted on the market. Just in case you have your eye on them, so to speak, keep in mind that:

Simply, fiberglass manufacturers want to somehow sell their stale goods, and they hired marketers to figure out what sauce to use to sell it.

Colorful trifle

Decorating walls with small applied decor is now in fashion. There is a wide selection of vinyl butterflies, leaves, etc. available for sale. However, the decor from them will cost a pretty penny, and often you have to spoil the wall, because... For warranty purposes, sales samples are supplied with mechanical fasteners, see fig. on right. But the same, and better, figures can be cut out of paper reinforced with sizing, and attached to the wall with 2-sided tape. Gluing paper (density from 140 g/sq. m) is done as follows:

• A flat surface is covered with 3-4 layers of plastic film.
• PVA is diluted with water 2-3 times.
• A sheet of paper is placed on the film and evenly “slapped” with a foam swab soaked in diluted glue.
• When the sheet is completely dry, turn it over and process it on the other side in the same way.

Glued PVA becomes not only more durable, but also somewhat thermoplastic: when heated with a household hairdryer, it can be slightly bent; by pressing with your finger, make a bulge, etc. Once cooled, the bend or dent will remain. For example, we give butterfly templates:

...leaves:

...and flowers:

If you decide to decorate a wall with flowers using these templates, then keep in mind that each of them must first be printed as many times as there are layers in it, for each layer, cut out the templates, cut the blanks and assemble them into a flower using PVA. To attach it to the wall, you don’t need to cover the entire bottom surface of the element with tape: butterflies are attached to the abdomen, flowers to the cup, and leaves to the middle.

Adding volume

Small paper decor It will be stronger and look better if the petals and wings are given some convexity by cutting and gluing. How this is done, see the example of decorative hearts on the wall, fig. on right.

painting

The pictures on the walls are special big topic, which we intend to address in more detail in the very near future. In the meantime: don’t be afraid, it’s not the gods who burn the pots. It is quite possible to paint the walls artistically even from the outside. The main thing is to sketch a sketch: even great artists painted their masterpieces from life. Abstraction is also impossible without nature, processed in the mind of the creator. To do this, don’t be lazy to master the basics of some vector graphics program. Best of all is good old CorelDraw. Basic tools and the options of this most powerful professional graphic design tool can be mastered by a green beginner in an evening or two, and this is more than enough to create a sketch that can be kept before your eyes all the time.

Second, get clipart (Clip Art, a set of graphic elements and ready-made pictures). CorelDraw is famous for the wealth of its clipart, there are many thousands of images for all occasions, and all of them can be edited in the same software, assembled into a picture, etc. CorelDraw clipart is sold under a free license, i.e. the owner can abuse them as he wants without regard to copyrights, royalties, etc. Cliparts for older versions of CorelDraw can also be found in the free distribution; They are fully compatible with new versions. Some of what you can do in CorelDraw is shown in Fig. below:

• Top left is the work of a beginner without art education. It took less than 1 hour.
• Top right - the same for the evening.
• Below on the left is an amateur designer with clipart from the evening.
• Bottom right - the same, professional.

However, you can also decorate walls with paintings without vector software. For example, geometric without a stencil, using only masking tape, left on the trail. rice. The main thing is to have a well-developed sketch. Further, it is not necessary to buy ready-made artistic stencils for wall decor. The worst ones are cut out of plastic tracing paper with a mounting knife (sold in office supply stores, in the center in the figure). By the way, branded stencils for walls are made from the same paper, only cut with a laser. And in CorelDraw, in a couple of evenings you can make your own unique stencils on five or ten walls.

Note: disposable stencils for wall decor can be made from writing paper glued as described above.

Regular stencils also need to be used creatively. Note the sections of the stencil shown by the red and green arrows on the right in Fig. When drawing a row of the pattern, the stencil is not shifted to the full width and these fragments are punched out one by one. As a result, the pattern comes out much more alive. Of course, in this case you need to paint using a stencil not with an aerosol, but with a swab. What can be achieved using only 3-4 stencils and 2-3 paint colors is shown in Fig. on right.

About paints

Not all artists master real fresco painting. Wall lovers paint mostly acrylic paints. However, if you are not devoid of artistic talent, pay attention to the airbrush technique. Firstly, the airbrush drawings on the walls are very bright and lively, which is especially important in a nursery. Secondly, an amateur without an art education can create a meaningful, interesting picture with airbrushing in 10-20 minutes. How to make airbrush wall decor with your own hands, the video below shows in detail:

Video: airbrush wall decor, first lessons for beginners

Video: amateur airbrush technique

Convex decor

The overlay decor from convex elements corresponds to the 3rd and 4th levels of location on the wall. The latter primarily performs load-bearing function, and its design is insignificant, as long as it holds the weight of the decor; As a rule, the convex decor does not particularly burden it. Convex decor is performed mainly by the following elements:

• Ceramics - decorative plates, tiles, majolica, etc.
• Images – paintings, photographs, collections and compositions of three-dimensional elements in frames.
• Mirrors.
• Imitation of stucco molding made from lightweight materials: polystyrene foam, polyurethane, cold porcelain - plastic.
• Wall panels made from leftover wallpaper, fabric, decorative film, etc.
• Light decor natural materials, prem. tree.

Note: Plastic stucco is especially recommended for beginners. Firstly, it can be sculpted like plasticine until something decent comes out. Secondly, decorative dishes can be made from plastic. Thirdly, having rolled out the plastic into a sheet, you can use it to cut contour figures into templates, like paper, but stronger than vinyl, bend them as you like and paint them. Decorating with cold flower porcelain is technically simpler and looks better than paper.

Ceramics and dishes

Decorative dishes are made to be aesthetically valuable in their own right, so you can place them on the walls as God pleases. Fastening plastic decorative dishes to the wall with 2-sided tape, because... she doesn't beat. As for tiles and majolica, there are some rules. Tiles look better on walls finished with stone (for example, porcelain stoneware), and artistic majolica - on plain walls, see fig.

Images

Paintings/photos on the walls are hung in artistic disorder in classic or traditional interiors, poses. 1 in Fig. IN modern interiors image compositions look good when arranged symmetrically. A set of pictures can be given the appearance of disorder by combining several types of symmetry; on pos. 2 – axial along the general contour (rhombus) and double mirrored in size of the images.

A rectangular composition from a photo will be advantageous in any setting, if the pictures are black and white, pos. 3. In this case, color photographs need to be selected not only according to the subject, but also in harmony with the general tone with each other and with the interior in general, poses. 4. If real chaos is required in the placement of pictures, then each one needs to be highlighted aesthetically independent object, e.g. using wide borders in a frame, pos. 5.

Mirrors

It’s better not to get carried away with mirrors as decorations; a lot of reflections are annoying. You can't hang mirrors in a nursery at all. It is advisable to further decorate the decorative mirror, for example. acrylic paints, see next. video clip.

Video: DIY mirror decor

Stucco and panels

The aesthetics of applied stucco molding and hanging panels are similar, despite their large external differences. Stucco molding is more suitable for a living room or children's room, because... on any wall it goes perfectly with pictures and trifles, on the left in Fig. The panel will be very relaxing in the bedroom, in the center. The highlight in this case is either embroidery or stencil printing in the corner of the middle panel.

If you have old furniture lying around with a side or tabletop half-bleached by the sun, you’re in luck: there’s decorative panel in any environment; especially in the office. Interior designers spend a lot of time and effort on aging wooden panels, and the old one just needs to be cleaned, varnished (partially, perhaps with textured varnish) - and the decorative panel is ready, on the right in Fig.

Tree and plants

An ornamental tree like the one on the left in Fig. higher, not every rich person can afford, but wooden wall decor is easy to make from scrap materials. Wall decor made from branches and twigs (in the center) requires only labor in selecting and surface processing of the material. Addition wall decor from branches with contour figures made of paper, plastic or vinyl (on the right) suggests itself, and there will be no traces of tape on the wall.

Another waste material for decorating walls and ceilings in almost any interior - boards from old construction pallets, pallet, see fig. It is best to attach wooden decor to the wall with pieces of bicycle spokes driven into plastic dowels for small screws: if necessary, the piece of wood is simply removed, and if you remove the peg, the hole in the wall is almost invisible. Permissible load for 1 fastening (the pin protrudes at least 1.5 cm) – up to 7 kg.

To the category of “wooden”, i.e. environmentally friendly natural, including plant wall decor. Ceiling border ivy or wall-mounted vertical flower beds/vases (left and center in the figure) are quite difficult to grow and maintain, however artificial plants of sufficiently high quality, you can decorate a wall, albeit not to every taste, but in an original and expressive way, on the right in Fig.

Wall in the ensemble

With developed artistic taste decorated wall can be fit into the overall ensemble of the room and made it the closing element. For example, in Fig. on the right, the entire wall decor is inscriptions; perhaps just a marker. This wall itself is simply covered with writing, and such furniture and curtains against the background of a plain wall would look tacky. Together, everything is quite expressive. This room probably won’t appeal to everyone, but it makes itself known clearly and loudly.