Kitchen layout in an apartment. Projects of kitchen units: main parameters and nuances of planning. Modern kitchen or hi-tech

When installing kitchen furniture and other things necessary equipment should Special attention pay attention to the preferences and convenience of the hostess who spends a sufficient amount of time here.

So, the classic layout is this: in the center of the workspace there is a sink, on both sides of it there is a refrigerator and a stove - this is the so-called work triangle.

A countertop is usually installed between the refrigerator and the sink, and its width should be at least 40 cm.

It is very convenient if the countertops are also located on both sides of the stove. Their size should also not be less than 40 cm.

In addition, the kitchen must have a countertop at least 80 cm long, on which you can place small household appliances, dishes and cook food.

If the layout is straight, best place for a long countertop there will be space between the sink and the stove.

For many, having a spacious room is a pipe dream, but you can also install a functional and beautiful furniture set.

Having decided to redevelop, you can either work on the dining room and get a layout open type. In this case, planning the work area and eating area becomes much easier.

Thus, architects and designers proposed dividing kitchens according to the type of layout, based on the area of the room:

5-6 sq.m- open type

8-9 sq.m- closed

10-15 sq.m.- closed with dining table

more than 18 sq.m- closed with island

At the same time, a furniture set in an open-type kitchen can be installed in a row, in two rows, in an L-shape, with an island or a peninsula.

For closed kitchens The minimum possible width is 180 cm. In this case, you can choose a straight layout, leaving a sufficient amount of free space for movement. The remaining free space can be occupied either by cabinets or by installing a small dining table.

It is possible to install a set in two rows only if the width of the room is at least 240 cm, leaving 120 cm for free movement.

Optimal room width for organization lunch place for 4 people is at least 250-270 cm.

Kitchen with island is excellent option layout in the event that several doors lead here or redevelopment has been carried out. In this case, the island perfectly and absolutely organically divides the space between the working and dining areas.

The layout of a kitchen with an island can be done in a variety of ways.

In the first version, the island includes a stove and a sink, so you can cook food and at the same time communicate with family or guests.

In the second option, the island is a worktop and a place for serving ready meals, you can also use it as a bar counter. The downside is that while cooking, the hostess's back is to the guests.
As you can see, planning is a very complex and extremely responsible task, because the convenience and functionality of the future kitchen will directly depend on it.

Many women dream of a beautiful and comfortable kitchen, because in this room, willy-nilly, they have to spend a large number of time. Some housewives simply love to cook, others do it out of pure necessity, but, you see, the cooking process can be made more enjoyable if you purchase a beautiful and meticulously thought out kitchen. Fortunately, now the choice on the furniture market is quite large: ready-made kitchen sets, modular kitchens (http://mebel-ya.ru/modul_kuhni/) and custom-made kitchens. Prices for kitchens vary greatly, but everyone, even the most demanding housewife, today can find what she likes best. She will only have to wisely plan the kitchen of her dreams, correctly arranging wall cabinets, household appliances, hood, sink and work surface.

How to measure the kitchen correctly?

Many stores that sell kitchens provide a home measurement service, but you can do this yourself if you know how to do it.

Firstly, you should never rush when taking measurements. It is best to take a sheet of graph paper and write all the data on it.

First you need to measure the length of all walls using a tape measure, then the height of the ceiling, as well as the exact distance from the door to the corners. Do not forget to double-check all the data received, and only then apply it to graph paper.

When planning your kitchen, you should also consider values such as the height and width of doors and windows. Very often, people come to the store to buy a kitchen, having only the basic measurements of the room: length, width and height. Don't repeat their mistakes, also measure the distance between them, as well as the distance from the windows to the floor, to the ceiling, and then to the corners of the room.

Your plan should also indicate such points as the location of all kinds of pipes, holes for hoods, radiators, sockets and switches, otherwise the kitchen you bought may simply not fit into your space.

Planning your kitchen wisely

Your kitchen should be planned as conveniently as possible; to do this, divide the future kitchen into several work areas: a food preparation area, a food storage area, and a food and utensils washing area. This conditional division allows you to structure the plan of the future kitchen.

The space between these three zones is called the work triangle, and if all zones are positioned correctly, you can easily move from one coal zone to another. In ready-made modular kitchens, such points are already taken into account and the work areas are located as conveniently as possible. Now let's move on to others important points, which need to be taken into account when planning a good kitchen.

It is advisable to place a tabletop about 80 cm wide between the sink and the hob. It is perfect for pre-treatment products. In general, there should be a place next to the hob where you can move hot pans and pots. Its width must be at least 50 centimeters.

You should organize storage of dishes and kitchen utensils next to the hob. This will save you a lot of time and everything you need will always be at your fingertips. If you purchase a hob and oven separately, and not as part of a stove, then it is better to place them in different places. Firstly, it’s more convenient for two people to cook in such a kitchen, and secondly, the oven can be placed at eye level, and then you don’t have to bend over.

If your stove is solid and your kitchen is straight, you should not place it right next to the wall. By doing this, you will deprive yourself of a work surface next to the cooking area. In addition, installing the slab against the wall will cause damage to the wall and the appearance of greasy stains. Like the cooktop, the sink should not be placed in the corner of the kitchen for the same reasons - it will deprive you of a convenient work surface next to the dishwashing area. You can place a dishwasher next to the sink; this will also save you a lot of time, and the floor will remain clean when loading dishes. At the time of buying corner kitchen Never place an oven or dishwasher in its corner. This arrangement may block drawers, located perpendicular to this household appliance.

Place the hood on the hob; its placement height should be selected depending on the type of working hob. I already wrote about this in the article, “?”.

Now about the cabinets and the ease of opening them. If your kitchen is parallel, consider the fact that there must be at least 120 centimeters between two rows of cabinets. Only in this case will you be able to open the doors on both sides at the same time.

When starting a kitchen renovation, many housewives first think about finishing materials for walls and floors, how best to make an apron, what material to choose a countertop from, about hoods, furniture, etc. But when all the goods have already been purchased, the question becomes where to fit it all in a small kitchen, and even so that it is convenient. Comfort for the housewife in the kitchen can be ensured if you use simple rules for arranging furniture and kitchen appliances, make a project.

Kitchen ergonomics: how to plan an interior project

Ergonomic kitchen – convenient and comfortable. Even in a small area the room is not cluttered

Regardless of the size of the kitchen area, before starting renovations, you need to draw a plan for the future kitchen on a piece of paper. Accurately mark the arrangement of everything that you want to place in this space. But don’t forget about the rules for arranging furniture, the observance of which will help you comfortably spend time preparing food.

The main rules for arranging furniture:

Tabletop– this is the work area where the housewife spends the maximum amount of time, therefore this equipment is set depending on its growth. The most common height is 85 cm, but if tall owners find it uncomfortable, there is an option with a table top height of 90 - 100 cm. Determine suitable height not difficult. To do this, bend the arm at the elbow 90°C parallel to the floor and measure 15 cm down.
Dinner table selected lower than the tabletop. The most common is 70 - 80 cm.
Gas stove. To achieve this, it is installed at least 50 cm away from open balcony doors or windows, where the flow of air can blow out the flames of the fire.

The option when the stove is in the corner is also not entirely suitable. The first reason is the distance of 7 cm from the wall, which is indicated in the instructions, which means that precious area is lost. Secondly, splashes that fall on the side wall are harder to clean than splashes that fall on the countertop.

The hood is also mounted depending on the height of the owners. The most common option is 60 - 70 cm in height from the stove. Taller people set it 10–15 cm higher. But with this type of installation, the rule is that the higher the hood, the more powerful it should be.
The kitchen sink is deep and the faucet is tall, This will allow you to place larger pots in it. can be selected depending on the workspace of the tabletop. Do not forget that the sewer riser should be located no more than 2.5 meters from the sink.
The dishwasher fits best near the sink, which will make it easier to connect to the utilities.
The best place for a refrigerator is a corner, and to make it more convenient to use without taking up extra space, you need to hang the door so that it opens towards the nearest wall ( modern models refrigerators have such a function as reversing the doors).

When choosing an option with furniture arrangement, you should immediately exclude the decision where the sink will be located next to gas stove. Any splashes that may fall on the hot surface of the frying pan will begin to splatter intensively.

How to plan a kitchen correctly in our video:

Triangle layout, basic principles

The rules of ergonomics for the kitchen are important, but in order to be able to better optimize the work process, there are also the rules of the triangle. Let’s try to understand in more detail what these rules are.

There are three vertices in the working triangle, which play main role in zoning:

the first peak is food storage, namely the refrigerator;
the second vertex is the sink, where food is prepared for cooking;
and to prepare food, of course, you need a stove, which acts as the third peak.

To achieve maximum convenience, all vertices should be close to each other, this will save the housewife from unnecessary running around the kitchen.

The location of this equipment nearby is also unacceptable for safety reasons. The most optimal distance is 60 cm.

Since the head of the entire work process is washing, it is precisely this that occupies place of honor in the center. A refrigerator and stove are installed on either side of it.

The action of the working triangle in different:

Linear kitchen. The triangle is placed on one side of the kitchen. A sink is installed in the center, and on both sides of it, a work table and only then a refrigerator and a stove.
An elongated “two-row” kitchen. Since all the furniture is placed on both sides, the tops are also placed accordingly. A good option will be when the sink and stove are on one side, and the refrigerator on the other. At the same time, we maintain the distance between the rows, which should not be less than 120 cm.
U-shaped kitchen. The furniture occupies three walls, which means the tops are installed accordingly. The middle row is a suitable place for a sink, and the two opposite ones are for a refrigerator and stove.
The kitchen is L-shaped. The most common and convenient option kitchens. The sink is placed in the corner in the center, and the stove and refrigerator are on either side of it.

L-shaped kitchen is the most convenient

Kitchen layout tips from designers in our video:

It is the L-shaped version of the kitchen that best zones the space, where the dining area and food preparation area are clearly visible.

Homeowners who have a small and narrow kitchen are often disappointed when trying to fit everything into it. modern technology. Save space for the necessary equipment, you can use a few tricks. The main thing is to use every unused centimeter. Namely:

if possible, you can expand the window sill, which will make an excellent tabletop;
every centimeter between the existing cabinets can be used for different shelves;
It is advisable to select multifunctional furniture;
It would be nice to have all the doors in sliding version or to open by lifting up;
Furniture that has transparent table tops and backs will visually help to increase the space;
the door to the kitchen is made with an arch or a sliding version;
dishwasher and washing machine It is better to place it under the countertop, it is better to equip it;
you can allocate a place for the microwave behind the front of the cabinet;
we use high walls where additional cabinets are installed;
cabinets can be replaced with wall cabinets.

Rules comfortable kitchen and space saving:

Railings and cabinets for maximum convenience: how to fit them into the design yourself and correctly

Conveniently place everything kitchen furniture and the utensils are not difficult if you think about what the housewife uses very often, what less and what rarely. So, for example, it has already been determined that the sink is always installed in the center. It is important, for convenience, to correctly determine .

Next to the sink there should be a cabinet for freshly washed plates, cups, spoons, etc. It is advisable that space be allocated under the sink for a trash can and household chemicals.

When putting things in order in the kitchen, it’s worth thinking carefully about the fact that many things may no longer be needed at all and are just wasting space.

Rules of literacy and good use railing:

near the work table there are various hooks for work boards, ladle, ladles;
holders for potholders and an electric lighter are fixed near the stove, but it is better to move various skimmers and spoons away from it to avoid contamination from splashes;
a holder with compartments for spices is also attached next to the stove;
It is better to place paper towels and glass holders near the sink.

Accessories that are not used often are put away at the very edge of the railing or even stored in a cabinet.

Comfortable kitchen, modern appliances:

Zoning: correct and convenient arrangement of furniture in the apartment

Order and maximum comfort in the kitchen can be achieved if the entire space is divided into zones that will be responsible for a specific task. Most often, the kitchen is zoned into: a work area, a dining area and an area for storing food. This is important to consider if you are using .

The work area is the space where food preparation takes place.. This is where the appropriate kitchen utensils should be located, and not near the refrigerator or dining table.
Storage area accommodates a refrigerator, where frozen and perishable foods are stored, and a pencil case next to it. It stores products that do not require low temperature regime, as well as various containers, bags, napkins, etc.
Ideally, the dining area should be in another room, and not in the kitchen, but, unfortunately, this option is not suitable for everyone due to the small area of the apartment. For dining area All you need is a table and chairs.

If the work area and storage area can be combined into one by simply placing them next to each other, then the dining table along with chairs will interfere with movement during the work process.

Proper kitchen layout is not only beautiful, but also very convenient. Cooking takes quite a lot of time and requires the almost constant presence of the hostess in a room where there is an open fire and hot surfaces. The safety of kitchen work and good mood household members, it’s no secret that delicious dishes and lush pies are created only in a calm and comfortable environment.

A few rules for kitchen layout

Kitchen spaces can be different: large and small, square or elongated. They always contain communication pipes located in the most inappropriate places. The arrangement of furniture has to be done taking into account the specifics of each option, but in any case it is worth adhering to the basic rules for creating a functional work interior.

The combination of safety and practicality makes the kitchen visually appealing. Even an expensive headset can be placed in such a way that it loses most expressiveness, and in a small kitchen it will take up too much space. To avoid failures in kitchen layout, you need to pay attention to the following points:

The triangle rule was developed at the beginning of the last century by the practical German woman architect Greta Lihotsky. Even in a small kitchen in a city apartment, the main operating points (stove, refrigerator and sink) should be located at the vertices of the triangle. The length of its side is no more than 2 m. The owner, located at one of the working points, can easily move to the next one, turn around, bend over without difficulty.
First you need to determine the location for the sink. It is very rigidly tied to the outlet of the water supply and sewer pipes, so when planning a kitchen, design should start from this point.
It is advisable to place the stove no closer than 40 cm from the sink. The presence of free sections of the countertop between the sink, stove and refrigerator is very convenient if you need to put or place something. Gas ovens There is no need to install it next to a window, since a draft can extinguish the burners and create an emergency situation.
It is not advisable to place a tall refrigerator so that it divides the work surface (countertop) into parts. An exception may be a device whose height allows it to be placed instead of a headset cabinet. High refrigerator It is most convenient to install in the corner of the room.
Shelving, additional tall cabinets and similar items should not be located in the work area. The ergonomics of space can be disrupted by unnecessary furniture, which will interfere with movement and work.
The entire kitchen space is divided into working, walk-through and dining areas. Very small room you can temporarily combine them using folding and retractable surfaces (table tops, seats).

Taking into account the basic rules of planning, you need to draw up a plan for the future kitchen. A diagram showing the top view of a room should be drawn to scale. It is advisable to accurately measure the room to avoid annoying mistakes when arranging the cabinets. By marking the location of the sink, window and door, you can choose good points for installing the stove and refrigerator.

Letters, islands and straight lines - types of furniture arrangement

The choice of furniture is directly influenced by the area of the kitchen. In the spacious rooms of country mansions, you can easily place a set with many items, and upholstered furniture in the dining area. But most city dwellers are deprived of such advantages and are forced to arrange everything they need on an area of about 6 m².

Convenient layout of a square kitchen, a corresponding area in a combined room, a miniature room in small apartment requires compliance with basic rules. Most headsets are tailored to the needs of the consumer and help create beautiful and comfortable interiors. Typical kitchen layout options could be:

corner, or L-shaped;
three-sided (U-shaped);
linear, or straight;
parallel (from 2 straight lines).

A special place is occupied by the arrangement called island. With this arrangement of furniture, a common working surface of a linear or angular shape is allocated with a separate standing block, where a stove, sink or cutting area can be installed. Sometimes a bar counter or dining area is combined with an island. In any case, types of kitchens with separate units mean more space than in standard apartments.

How to arrange furniture in a small kitchen?

Kitchen Design small size(6-9 m²) can be based on corner or U-shaped furniture placement. These options are the most ergonomic, allowing you to place all 3 support points at a convenient distance. In addition, it is possible to select a dining area that does not intersect with the work area.

Household appliances and cabinets with this arrangement are installed along 2 or 3 adjacent walls. The center leaves plenty of room to move around the kitchen. Depending on the location of communications, you can install a sink in the corner of the unit, placing a refrigerator and stove on either side of it.

If desired, the refrigeration appliance can be made the boundary of the working area, and the tabletop, which continues behind it in a U-shaped placement, will be used as a bar counter against the wall. It is very convenient to make an additional plane on it, which can be expanded if necessary, taking up part of the free space in the center. In this case, a folding or extendable table forms a full-fledged dining surface.

These types of layouts will be convenient and beautiful only in square kitchen, but not suitable for long and narrow rooms. To feel comfortable in an elongated and cramped kitchen, you can use other methods of arranging furniture.

Straight lines

The single-row system for arranging the parts of the headset is very simple: all the cabinets and Appliances lined up along 1 wall. It is usually opposite the door in narrow room. This placement of furniture visually masks the length of the kitchen and makes it possible to use open space closer to the entrance, combining the passage and dining areas. The remote location of the working part of the room allows those present not to disturb the hostess.

The obvious disadvantage of this arrangement is the impossibility of forming a working triangle. The refrigerator and stove are located on the sides of the sink, and if the zone is long enough, moving from point to point becomes not entirely convenient.

In kitchens bigger size(12-15 m²), it is advisable to arrange the furniture in 2 rows along opposite walls. At the same time, it is possible to build a stove and sink on one wall, and place a refrigerator and other tall appliances on the opposite wall. But in a small passage there is no space left to install a dining table. The only thing that can be placed in the aisle without creating an obstacle is a table like a bar counter along the wall.

How to increase the kitchen area?

If the size of the kitchen is too small (5-5.5 m²), then it is very difficult to choose a set of any of the listed types. But depending on the shape of the room, it is recommended to use angular or linear arrangement of furniture. The following methods are suitable for acquiring additional free space:

Installation foldable or sliding door. This design frees up the space that was allocated for the free movement of the sash. At standard width at 70-90 cm the free space will be quite significant (about 0.5 m²).
Moving the refrigerator outside the kitchen. A large refrigeration unit is best installed in a different location. The area it occupies is about 0.5-0.7 m². To store a small amount of food, you can purchase a small refrigerator and build it into the kitchen set as a cabinet.
The corner of the fitting near the door should be made beveled. This will not only avoid injuries when moving, but will also free up some space.
Currently there are sets for miniature kitchens on sale. In addition to drawers, their cabinets have retractable table tops and seats. The dining area in this case can be temporary and will not require additional space at all.

Of great importance is also color design small kitchen. Undesirable dark shades, which will visually make the room smaller. But you shouldn’t get carried away with white. The ideal solution there will be a kitchen in cheerful, light colors with shiny surfaces. The play of color and light will create the illusion of a spacious, airy room.

Large kitchen design

It would seem that in a large kitchen you can install anything and arrange the furniture however you want. But the layout large kitchen obeys the same rules as the smallest one. For large spaces, neither a corner nor a parallel kitchen is suitable: one of the work points will be too far removed.

Premises with an area of more than 16 m² must be furnished in such a way as to maintain an ergonomic workplace in the form of a triangle with sides no more than 2 m long. For this purpose they exist separate blocks- islands and peninsulas. This interior detail can visually separate the working and dining areas and serve convenient place for a quick meal or as a table for snacks if guests have gathered in the combined living room.

Often built into an island block heating devices. Cooking surfaces, oven, microwave can be combined in a separate area of the kitchen. For convenience, a small tabletop is often added to the island and placed in the dining area. This allows 2-3 family members to sit down for tea without setting a large table.

The peninsula is adapted to large space variation U-shaped kitchen. Combined with work area small table can look like a bar counter, performing its functions, and like a familiar small table. Like the island, it perfectly zones the space.

Along with island views, a different planning method is used. It is called free-standing, and one of the ideas that these types of kitchens use is that the parts of the kitchen unit can be moved anywhere. Only the washing and upper cabinets. The hostess does not have to go from cutting board to the stove and refrigerator: the cabinet with tabletop is equipped with wheels and can be easily installed next to them. After finishing work, the kitchen set can be placed against the wall or at the border of the dining area.

Whatever the kitchen, the comfort of the housewife and family members will depend on the correctly selected furniture and its placement. Even in a small and modest, but comfortable room You can create completely acceptable conditions for working and eating.

Ideal for both rectangular and square rooms from and above, one of the most popular layout options.

With a corner layout, it is advisable to install a sink in the corner, leaving a free countertop on both sides of it. According to the triangle rule, a stove is installed on one side of the sink and a refrigerator on the other. As for wall and floor cabinets, above the sink and dishwasher It’s convenient to store dishes, and near the stove - cereals and groceries.

Direct kitchen: from 5 sq.m

Optimal layout option narrow kitchens. In this case, the furniture set is located along one of the long walls. If there is not enough space for floor cabinets, you can use wall cabinets. Looks good on and above.

U-shaped: from 12 sq.m

Great for spacious rooms from 12 sq.m. U-shaped layout involves placing the headset on three walls. In this case, according to the triangle rule, it is necessary to install a refrigerator and a stove on parallel walls, and between them - a washing area with a work surface.

If after arranging the furniture there is more than 200 cm of passage between two parallel walls, it is better to choose a corner or straight layout.

A U-shaped 6 sq.m may be appropriate if. In this case, you can separate the cooking area from the dining area using a bar counter.

Parallel straight kitchens: from 10 sq.m.

Kitchen with island - best option for large square rooms with an area of 20 sq.m. With this layout, you can place one of the work areas separately from the main part of the furniture. As a rule, a cooking area or washing area is located on the island. An effective option, despite the visual reduction in space. A more gentle option may be a peninsular kitchen. It is convenient to store kitchen utensils and dishes on the peninsula, and it can also be a dining table.