home · Installation · Marking of wires in electrics is digital. Marking electrical wires and cables - what you need to know to choose

Marking of wires in electrics is digital. Marking electrical wires and cables - what you need to know to choose

Whole modern world wrapped in wires. Lighting, high-voltage wires are laid in houses, along walls, on roofs, on lanterns, underground. The cord of an iron, vacuum cleaner, coffee maker, washing machine, computer, TV, refrigerator stretches to the outlet to connect the power. The high-voltage line, through the deserted taiga, carries electricity to the cities from hydroelectric power plants from Siberian rivers.

Marking cables and wires for an inexperienced buyer can lead to a difficult situation. The brands of cables and wires are indicated in a certain way so that you can easily choose among different types of products. The letters indicate: what the wire is for, where it will run, what metal the central core is made of, what the insulation is made of, what power is calculated for. To prevent fires electrical wire or the cable must be selected correctly. We will talk about how to read wire marks in this article.

What are the wires


Wires today transmit telephone calls, all kinds of information, industrial and household electricity. Depending on what kind of work the wire does, it differs in different metal and core diameter, number of cores, insulation, special qualities. In areas of high fire hazard, for example, they lay cables or cords with insulation that does not burn well. All these nuances have a certain designation in the form of letters and numbers indicated on the insulation. electrical wires.

Wire marking decoding is a short listing specifications products. Each letter of the marking indicates:

  • the metal from which the central conductors are made, which directly pass an electric current;
  • place of application of this product;
  • insulation material and common shells, additional protection;
  • degree of flexibility, fire resistance, self-extinguishing ability, low smoke emission, non-sustaining combustion;
  • type of construction, number of cores;
  • the total cross-sectional area of ​​the wires, cores;
  • the optimum voltage that the product can withstand in operating mode.

Product groups

For electrical wiring today, cables, ordinary wires and household cords are used. These are the three main groups into which electrical products can be conditionally divided. Depending on the purpose, they are made with different number lived and the cross section of the electrically conductive core, are insulated in different ways. For example, if you decide to install a fountain in a country pond, the cable laid under water must be insulated in a special way.

The wire


One or more wires without insulation, or with a thin insulating film, is called a wire. Some experts simply call them residential. The wire insulation is usually light, not metallic. This is varnish, polyvinyl chloride. The core insulated with varnish is used for winding transformers, motors.

A two-core wire with PVC insulation is laid during installation home electrical wiring V apartment buildings, in the country, in wooden buildings, country cottages.


Wires are produced mainly with a copper and aluminum core. Although there are veins made of steel and other expensive alloys. Wire with copper cores is more expensive than aluminum, but is capable of passing higher currents. This provides better fire safety because the wire does not heat up. What to consider when wiring electricity in a wooden structure. Copper strands are capable of experiencing more bends without breaking than aluminum strands.


Although aluminum wires are cheaper, they are more fragile, so they are sold and used less and less. Copper and aluminum outdoors are oxidized. Therefore, connections should be made through terminals or well insulated, tinned, varnished.

Contacts are insulated and bare. outdoor view used on trolleybus wires. Insulated wire make it protected and without additional protection, it is a layer of plastic, rubber, for example, for laying in a damp room, such as a bathhouse.

Also, the wires are divided into power, installation, installation. Mounting - copper, laid in electrical panels. Mounting wires connect parts in different devices. Power and installation are used outdoors and inside housing. Products that are energized with 220 volts are called power wires, they are laid in any home from sockets to light bulbs and household appliances.

Cable


This product is made of solid or stranded insulated wires, covered with a common sheath of plastic, rubber, vinyl. The cable is covered with armor to protect it from vandals, this is indicated in the cipher applied to the insulation.

The cable, in turn, happens:

  • control;
  • power;
  • analog;
  • telephone;
  • radio.

The power cable transmits electricity to distribution boards and lighting fixtures, water supply pumps. It is laid on the street, by air and underground, as well as inside private and industrial buildings. Such a product happens with an aluminum core and copper. Today more commonly used copper variant. The insulating layer is made of rubber, vinyl, various polyethylene.

The control cable is capable of transmitting signal information, for control different devices. This cable is also available in copper or aluminum.

An analog cable is used in various automation networks, usually it is a copper wire with a protective braid. Braid screen protects the information signal from various pickups.

Cords


Cords in everyday life are called two-core and stranded wires, which are connected electrical devices, lighting bulbs to the power supply network of 220 V, frequency 50 Hz. A two-wire wire is used where there is no need to mount a special ground. Today, cords with a euro plug include refrigerators, irons, hair dryers, microwave ovens, washing machines, electric kettles, and coffee machines. Various extension cords are also constructed from cords that can withstand a large load from several household appliances. They are best made from three copper wires, flexible and capable of conducting high current.

How to decipher the marking of domestic manufacturers

Each person, intending to purchase wires, cables, is faced with the difficult task of choosing. This is because the wire marking indicated on the insulation looks like a cipher. Knowing what the letters and numbers that are indicated on the insulation of electrical products mean, you can easily go to the store and buy the product you need.


Consider examples of marking, with decoding, so that you can buy products for electrical wiring that meet specifications. Old wiring today can not cope with the connection of new household equipment.

Power cables are marked as follows:

  • A - this letter tells about what metal the conductive core is made of. If you see the letter A in the first place of the marking code, then the current-carrying wire is made of aluminum. When lived from electrical copper - in the first place there will be no letter;
  • AA - in the first two positions informs the buyer - aluminum core in an aluminum shell;
  • B - informs about the presence of armor from 2 steel plates with anti-corrosion protection;
  • Bng - armored, does not burn;
  • B - the symbol can be indicated in the first position, it claims to be insulated with polyvinyl chloride;
  • B - the symbol may be in the second position, in this case it informs about the presence of a second layer of polyvinyl chloride in the cable;
  • G - the symbol can be indicated at the end of the letter part of the cipher, it indicates that the wire is bare, without additional protection;
  • K - the letter informs that the cable armor is made of round steel wire. On suburban area the wiring can be gnawed by rabbits, other wild animals, for this there are cables covered with armor;
  • Shv - the presence of a pressed PVC hose on the armor;
  • Shp - a layer of molded hose on the armor, made of polyethylene;
  • R - rubber layer;
  • HP - rubber, does not burn;
  • Ps - self-extinguishing polyethylene, which is important in places that are dangerous for fire;
  • Pv - vulcanized polyethylene;
  • ng - symbols indicating that the cable does not burn itself and does not support combustion in the group;
  • LS - Low Smoke - emits little smoke;
  • ng - LS - does not burn, does not emit smoke;
  • FR - increased fire resistance, the presence of a mica plate;
  • FRLS - low smoke, fire resistant;
  • Ш - sometimes there is such a marking, meaning a cord.

It should be noted that only the first letter A indicates the metal of the core. If it is not in the marking, then the core is made of copper. All other letters designate the material of insulation, protective sheaths and their properties, such as resistance to fire, the ability to self-extinguish, not emit a large amount of toxic smoke. If such a cable is laid in a group of others, it does not support combustion. In the marking code, this is indicated by small letters ng.


The control cable is marked as follows:

  • A - the symbol placed in the first position states that the core is aluminum, when A is omitted, the wire is copper;
  • B - in the second position, without A - in the first, indicates that the insulation is PVC;
  • B - in the third position, when there is no A - in the second, it indicates an additional layer of PVC;
  • P - polyethylene;
  • PS – self-extinguishing polyethylene;
  • G - no additional protection;
  • R - rubber.

All characters except A report protection layers. Where high dampness and temperature, for example, in a bath, protection is needed from rubber, self-extinguishing polyethylene.


Mounting specific markings:

  • M - in the first position, indicates the installation wire;
  • G - many wires, if there is no symbol, one wire;
  • B - PVC;
  • PV-1, PV-3 - PVC layer, numbers 1 and 3 indicate the degree of flexibility;
  • PVA - PVC, wire for connection;
  • ShVVP - flat cord, two layers of vinyl;
  • PUNP - station wagon flat wire;
  • PUGNP - universal flat wires, high flexibility. Lay indoors, for household equipment and street lamps.

Popular markings


A popular type of cable - VVG - reads: Vinyl, Vinyl, Naked. If we consider all the letters in more detail, it turns out:

The first character is missing, which means the core is made of electrical copper.

B - the insulation of each core is made of PVC.

B - all cores are still surrounded by a common PVC dense layer.

G - naked, that is, there is no armor on top of the common shell - an anti-vandal rigid structure.

The VVG cable has from one to five current-carrying parts. It may have a zero core or be absent.

If the cable is marked VVGng, this means that this subspecies of the product does not support the spread of fire. This quality is important for places with a high fire hazard.

More complete marking: VVGng cable - 0.66 kV 3 * 1.5. The product is copper, of three cores, each with a cross section of 1.5 mm2. Each is in PVC insulation (the first symbol is B), the overall shell is also vinyl (the second symbol is B), there is no armor (letter G), it does not support combustion, being in a group (letters ng).


PVA copper cable is often bought for wiring in private homes, for various equipment in the country, for connecting to the network of any kitchen appliances and cars.

PVA marking stands for: copper wire, connecting, with PVC insulation. Such a wire is made of 2-5 copper, twisted, separately coated PVC conductors, with different sections (0.5-22 mm2).


The wires on the poles are designated as follows:

  • SIP-1 - self-supporting wire insulated with cross-linked polyethylene with non-insulated zero;
  • SIP-2 - the zero core is insulated;
  • SIP-4 - insulated conductors with the same cross section.

NYM wires - produced according to the German Normenleitung cable standards, in PVC (Y), used in installation for various purposes. VDE symbols guarantee uninterrupted operation in rooms with high temperature, fire hazardous places.

KG - flexible cable is made with copper round strands, from one to five, with a wide spread of cross sections: from 1 to 185 mm2. Core insulation consists of rubber based on natural rubber (RTI-1). The overall sheath is RShT-2 or RShTM-2 hose rubber made of synthetic rubber (isoprene, butadiene).

Foreign manufacturers

If you see Latin letters in the cipher on the insulation, then the product is of a foreign company.


Their power cables are designated as follows:

  • N - manufactured according to the standards of the Union of German Electricians VDE;
  • Y - in our opinion - vinyl;
  • H - no hazardous inclusions such as halogens;
  • M - conductor for mounting.

For control:

  • Y - insulated with vinyl;
  • SL - for control;
  • Li - a lot of cores are made according to VDE.

For mounting:

  • H - HAR approved;
  • N - meets the standards of the manufacturer's country;
  • 05 - maximum allowable U = 500 V;
  • 07 - maximum allowable U = 750 V;
  • V - insulated with vinyl;
  • K - the core bends well, recommended for installation work.

Foreign marking differs little from domestic, but the symbols may be located differently in it, be careful, consult with experts.

conclusions

If you decide to install the electrical wiring in your house yourself, make the right calculation so that the load does not exceed the allowable one. Please note that in the future you may purchase new refrigerator, washing machine, dishwasher, toaster, steamer, slow cooker, electric oven and other household helpers, with strong power consumption. Wiring for lighting lamps it is allowed to make from simple two-wire wires. Washing machine connect the machine directly from the switchboard, with a separate cable, designed for high current, through an emergency shutdown device, with mandatory grounding.

Then decide on the place of laying, outline the path of laying by measuring overall length. Buy the cable only from certified sellers, taking into account the number of phases, the calculated cross section, and the laying method. Go to the store with a caliper to clarify the thickness of the cores and protective shells. Foreign manufacturers often produce conductors with an underestimated cross section.

To facilitate the assimilation of information, it is desirable to know the following concepts:

  • Core - a part of a wire or cable that conducts electric current;
  • Insulation - dielectric protective surface of the cable;
  • Monolithic core - a core consisting of one wire;
  • Composite core - consists of several wires twisted into a bundle (more flexible than monolithic);
  • Terminal - a clamp designed for.

The materials that make up the cable, their combinations.

As a conductor, as a rule, either copper or aluminum is used. Each conductor has its own advantages and disadvantages. Aluminum is much lighter than copper, but it is more active Chemical substance, and if aluminum wires are connected to copper, then the junction will quickly collapse, so terminals must be used.

Also, when connecting two aluminum wires usually use nuts and bolts. Copper wires are heavier and more expensive, however, copper is more stable, its conductivity is higher, it withstands alternating loads longer and therefore copper wires most often used when laying cables in houses and apartments.

Types of copper wires

There are various brands of cable. Typically, two-, three- and stranded wires with several layers of insulation are used. Copper wires that are used when installing the internal electrical wiring are divided into the following types:

  • Flat shape, two or three cores, monolithic core, double insulation. Laid under plaster;
  • Round, three-core, triple insulation, monolithic core. It is laid in a screed and in pipes on the surface and underground;
  • Round, five-core, triple insulation, monolithic core;
  • Round, three and five-core, double insulation, composite core. They have good flexibility and are used when installing drywall, however, there is still a possibility of damage to the wire by fasteners.


Types of cables and wires

Protection

Some wires, in addition to the insulating layer, also have protection from physical impact, such wires are called protected. Accordingly, wires without such protection are called unprotected (for example, VVGng). There are also armored, temperature-resistant, water-resistant, protected from external pressure, and many other types of wires and their insulation for various purposes.


Color classification

There are colored and single-color veins. The color system was introduced to facilitate . The color depends on the role that the conductors perform (phase, neutral, ground). If a red wire approaches the switchboard or generator, then it acts as a phase, if blue, then neutral, and if green-yellow, then grounding.
In the case of single-color cores, the role of grounding is played by the average.

Types by purpose of operation

Mounting wires are used in various electrical engineering, switchboards, etc. Power and installation are designed for laying electrical wiring.
The difference in the size of the cross-section of the cores (in square millimeters) is from 0.35 to 70 and more.
In ordinary residential buildings socket networks are usually made with wires with a cross section of 2.5 square millimeters, lighting networks - 1.5 mm2, and 6 mm2 may be required to connect powerful modern electrical appliances.
This is because the maximum possible amount of electric current conduction depends on the size of the cross-sectional area. The more it is, the more current passes without heating the wires to dangerous temperatures.
The most common cause of fires is faulty electrical wiring. In order to choose a wire that will meet the necessary requirements and will not be prohibitively expensive, you need to know what it is. All characteristics of the wire are encrypted in a special code consisting of letters and numbers. Deciphering this code is very simple.

Deciphering the marking

With the help of letters, they encrypt the material from which the insulation and core are made, the purpose of cable operation, design features. All of them go in a certain order, each with its own meaning.

And with the help of numbers, you can find out the number of cores, if the cable is stranded, and their cross section.

For standard, not specific to any area, cables, the letter part of the code consists of four specifiers.

The first letter indicates what material the wires are made of. If the letter is A, then they are made of aluminum, and if they are made of copper, then the letter is not put (for example: AVVG - aluminum core, VVG - copper).

The second letter deciphers the purpose of the cable operation. "K" - control, "M" - mounting, "P (U)" or "W" - installation, "MG" - flexible mounting, if there is no letter, then this power cable.

The third letter indicates what type of insulation is being used. "B" - polyvinyl chloride, "D" - double winding, "K" - nylon, "P" - polyethylene, "P" - rubber, "HP" or "H" - flame retardant rubber, "C" - fiberglass, "Sh "- polyamide silk, "E" - shielded material.

And finally, the fourth letter shows design features cable. "B" - armored with tapes, "G" - flexible, "T" - laid in pipes, "K" - armored with round wire, "O" - braided. There may be additional designations that are written in small letters (for example, VVGng means that this is a non-combustible VVG).


But with numbers, everything is much simpler. The first digit shows the number of cores of which the cable consists, and the second is the size of the cross-sectional area (for example, PVA 3x3 means that this is a three-core cable, with a cross-sectional area of ​​\u200b\u200beach individual core is 3 square millimeters).

Cable marking may contain additional letters and numbers, especially in the last decade, when the range of these products has increased significantly.

Decryption of the code using the example of VVGng:

  • There is no letter A, which means the core is made of copper;
  • There is no letter combination from the second paragraph, which means that there is no second letter, and which in turn means that VVGng is a power cable;
  • Sheath and insulation made of polyvinyl chloride (VV);
  • ng modification, as already mentioned, means that the material is fire resistant.

It should be noted that this wire marking is used in Russia and other CIS countries, it is different for imported products.

What is a power cable (SC) and the most common types of SC

Power cables are used for laying electrical wiring outside and inside the premises.
The structure of power cables consists of at least a conductive core (TCC), insulation of a conductive core and a sheath. There may also be all sorts of additional elements protection, etc.

One of the most common cables in the last decade has become VVG and its various modifications. VVG consists of a conductive copper core, with a sheath and insulation of polyvinyl chloride. It is used to distribute electric current with a voltage of 660-1000 volts and a frequency of 50 hertz. The number of cores can be different, from one to five and different sections from 1.5 to 240 square millimeters. But, of course, in living conditions a much smaller range is used (from 1.5 to 6 mm2 in apartments and up to 16 mm2 in private houses). At VVG, the cores can be monolithic and multi-wire.

This cable is widely used due to its universal properties. VVG is cold-resistant and can be used in various environmental conditions, outdoors (but not in the sun), on high altitude and underwater. The VVGng modification is used in fire hazardous places, these cables can be laid in bundles, they still will not burn.

Unlike VVG, the VVGng modification includes, in addition to PVC insulation also halogen substances, due to which the combustion process is impossible. And also, when the shell of VVGng cores ignites, there is no emission of gas and smoke.

It is VVG, VVGng and NYM that are most often used to electrify a private house or apartment. NYM is a foreign analogue of VVGng, which also has additional protection at bends. These cables can be used for open wiring and for hidden. Can be hidden in plaster. However, NYM (like VVG) is afraid of direct sun rays, therefore, before laying the cable, you should make sure that they do not threaten him.


Storage of electrical wires

Even the best engineer will not be able to calculate the required length of wires, especially on large objects, so there will be leftovers anyway. Naturally, there is no need to throw them away, with proper storage VVG type cables can remain usable for many years. The remaining cable must be rolled into a ring with a diameter of 30-50 cm and stored at room temperature.

The generally accepted alphabetic types of marking wires and cables characterize products by type of purpose, regardless of their manufacturer. Marking letters and numbers indicate various properties of wires and cables: conductor and insulation material, cross section and number of cores, heat resistance, wear resistance, flexibility, etc.

Electrical wires are made from copper (Cu) and aluminum (Al) and may include one or more strands. The most commonly used copper wires, which can withstand heavy loads and have higher flexibility. Aluminum, more brittle and less conductive, but due to their lower price, they are common in conducting electrical work. For better insulating protection of electrical wires, plastic (PVC) and rubber are used. Also, the wires can be bare, i.e. uninsulated. For outdoor work and laying power inputs to houses, power wires, and for connecting electrical circuits and radio elements, a copper mounting wire. Bare wires are most often used in overhead wiring, and bare copper wires are also used to make some types of antennas and in installation work in closed electrical installations. Also, wires are specialized, only for specific narrow areas, for example: fire alarm, phone, usb, antenna, compensating and welding wires and others.

Correct reading of labels.

Wire marking consists of several groups.
Let's define it like this: APWHH

  • The first group of letters is the material of the cores - "A" is aluminum. For copper wires this designation is missing;
  • "P" is a wire;
  • The next group is the insulation material; "R" is rubber, "B" is polyvinyl chloride (PVC), "P" is polyethylene;
  • The next group is construction. "O" - braid, "T" - for laying in a pipe, "P" - flat, "G" - flexible;
  • Next - the number of cores;
  • And only then - the cut.


For example: APPV 2x4. Aluminum Wire Flat PVC 2-wire 4 mm2.
Or PPV 3x2.5. Since there is no letter "A", then the wire is copper. And further: Wire Flat PVC 3-core 2.5 mm2
In some cases, there are also numbers that can indicate the class of wire flexibility, as, for example, when marking a wire. PV1 And PV3. Here PV3 is a more flexible wire.
Coming up in the wire PV3 10- "10" - indicates the wire section equal to 10mm2, and accordingly PV3 16– where “16” denotes a section of 16 mm2.

Aluminum electrical wires and cables.

Consider some types of aluminum wires and cables.

  • APUFP(Al Wire Universal Flat), which has two or three cores laid in parallel, PVC protection. Designed for electrical installation of low current devices, up to 250V and a frequency of 50 Hz. But, for wiring in houses, it is better not to use such wires.
  • AR(Al PVC Wire) - single-core wire, with a circular cross section of 2.5–120 mm². APPV-flat stranded wire. Operating voltage 450–750V. Used in the repair of flexible sections electrical circuit, equipment, machine tools and various mechanisms. Limit temperature t 70°C, service life 15 years.
  • APR(Al Wire with rubber protection) It has round section from 2.5 - 120 mm², APPR- flat stranded, with a circular cross section of 2.5 - 6 mm². It is used when laying in pipes and wooden rooms.
  • APRN(Al Wire with rubber insulated in non-combustible sheath) - single-core wire, cross section from 2.5 - 120 mm². It is applied at laying in dry rooms and on street open sites.
  • AVVG(Al power cable in PVC sheath) - stranded wire with a round cross section from 2.5 to 50 mm², temperature limit t 80 ° C, service life 30 years. Designed for dry and damp rooms, open spaces, on the tracks various types, in flammable and explosive places.
  • AWRG(Al cable Flexible in PVC sheath with rubber insulation) - can have up to 4 cores, cross section from 4 - 300 mm². Rated voltage 0.66 kW, constant 1.0 kW, frequency 50 Hz, temperature t 200°C, service life 30 years. Used in areas where there are increased requirements for stability from short circuits, dry and damp rooms, on bridges, canals, mines, flyovers.

Copper wires and cables.

  • Characteristics of brand wires PV1, PV2,PV3, PV4(Cu Wire in PVC insulation) figure indicates the class of flexibility. Cross section from 0.5 to 120mm², voltage for networks from 450 - 750V, frequency 400Hz. They can be single-wire and multi-wire, have many modifications and a huge range of applications: installations, machines, houses, trays, plastic pipes etc.
  • PPV(Cu Wire Flat with PVC insulation) - two and three cores, has a separating base with a cross section of 0.75 - 4 mm², temperature up to t 70 ° C, voltage for networks from 450 - 750V, frequency 400Hz. It is used when installing power lighting networks on walls, as well as when laying in channels, pipes.
  • PVA(Cu Wire with stranded strands in PVC braid) with a cross section from 0.5 to 2.5 mm², PRS - a cross section from 0.5 to 4 mm² - flexible wires with copper conductors(2–3). Mainly used for household appliances, extension cords, vacuum cleaners, etc.
  • PUNP, PBPP(Cu Wire with PVC insulation) - two or three strand copper wire with a cross section of up to 4 mm². Widely used in lower current devices.
  • MGSH(copper electric Flexible Wire Mounting with Silk insulation) with a cross section of 0.5 - 0.12 mm². MGSHV is a single-core flexible cable with a cross section of 0.12–1.5 mm². Applied in electronic appliances and interblock connections.
  • VVG(Cu power cable with PVC sheath and PVC insulation), which can have from one to four cores, cross section 1.5 - 502 mm². It is used for laying networks on the street in shady places. Double insulation of the cable allows you to mount wiring in ceilings and partitions of rooms without a channel cable, to make power wiring.
  • AWG(Cu Flexible Cable with Rubber Insulation PVC Sheath) - section 1-240 mm², can have 1-4 cores. It is used for air laying, in rooms of various types, bridges and electric flyovers.
  • NWG(Cu Flexible Power Cable with Rubber Insulation Sheath in Rubber Flame Retardant Braid) has a circular section of 1-240mm², frequency 50Hz, Rated voltage 0.66kW, continuous 1.0kW, service life 30 years. It is used in mines and canals, in rooms with a high probability of flooding.

For wiring in the house, it is better to use copper wires. They are more flexible, less likely to break during installation, oxidize less, solder in the usual way, and have better electrical conductivity.

The purpose of the winding wire.

Winding wires are used to make windings electrical machines and devices, as well as in the production of radio products, TV elements, etc. Such wires are made of high purity copper with good conductivity.
Here are some of their brands:

  • PETV— (Enamelled Heat-Resistant Winding Wire with Enamel Insulation), is a copper core-wire, with a diameter of 0.063 - 2.500 mm². Enamelled wires are different increased resistance to heating (up to 120 ° C) and do not need to strip the insulation.
  • The wire PETV2 where "2" is the number of layers of varnish on the wire. PETV2 diameter from 0.08 to 5 mm². Used for windings of power motors, motors for household appliances and instruments, transformers, measuring instruments, coils and relays.

Cables and wires of narrow specialization.

  • TRP(Cu Telephone Validation in PVC insulation) - two-core with a dividing base, cross section 0.4 - 0.5 mm². For laying the telephone network. The so-called telephone noodles.
  • KPSng(A) - FRLS, KPSng (A) - FRHF, KPSng (A) - FRLSLTx - these are special low-current cables for installing fire alarms and security fire fighting system. Explanation: ng - flame retardant, (A) - category, LS - low smoke generation, HF - low oxidizing activity, LTx - with low toxicity, KPS - fire alarm cable. In accordance with normative documents GOST 31565-2012 (GOST R 53315-2009), only such cables can be used in fire protective system. The signaling wire must be especially tenacious, otherwise security system will not respond in time. These wires are made to latest technology in the field of cable production for fire department and alarms.
    Prior to entry into force, in 2009 federal law No. 123 " Technical regulation O fire safety» successfully used fire cables KPSVV and KPSVEV, in a red braid. Now they can only be used for burglar alarm systems.
  • USB wire. All multimedia devices and gadgets are equipped with a USB connector. USB 2.0 is high speed and consists of one 28 AWG twisted pair for data transmission and two 20 AWG to 28AWG power conductors. All usb cables are shielded and have a ferrite ring that acts as a filter. It can be up to five meters long.
  • Antenna coaxial cable for TV. It has an electrically conductive braid (screen) and insulation of a certain thickness. That is why it turns out thick (about 6 mm²). The braid protects it from electromagnetic and electrostatic interference, minimizing losses. It has a wave impedance of 75 ohms. For best quality reception, the central core of the television antenna cable is made of copper, and the screen can be made of both copper braid and aluminum foil. The main types of brands RK 75, RG 6, RG 59, SAT 50, SAT 703, DG 113 used for both analog and cable TV and satellite dishes. An F-plug is used to connect to a TV.

Wire for welding machine.

KS- the marking is simply deciphered - the cable is welding. The letter "P" means that the wire has polymer protection, the combination of the letters "HF" (high frequency) "PP" (variable and D.C.). Cable for welding machine copper and resistant to t ° 50C. , and has a special rubber hose insulation for short circuit protection, non-flammable. Cross section 10–70 mm², operating voltage 600V, frequency 400Hz.
Types of cable marking for connecting the welding machine:

  • KG-T used for high temperature operation. t up to 85°C.
  • KG-KhL, contains special rubber resistant to cold (t up to -60°С).
  • COG1 has increased flexibility.

Electrical wires are decorative.

the wire – different types wires used both in houses for wiring and on the street, made in original form. The cross section is from 0.5 to 2.5 mm², the sheath is most often silk. Externally, the decorative retro electric wire looks in the spirit of the old times and consists of two wires twisted together. Used by retro wire designers in houses from wooden beam and looks pompous and majestic.
Decorative wires are widely used and have a variety of modifications. In the interiors of clubs and entertainment venues, you can find glowing neon, multi-colored wires. Decorative braids will allow you to perform work of any complexity, not only qualitatively, but also beautifully.