Bean leaves. Bobovnik: planting a plant and caring for it. Laburnum anagyroides

The legume (laburnum) is a member of the legume family, but it looks like a deciduous tree. Laburnum is native to central Europe and the Mediterranean coast. The cultivated form of the tree is usually called garden bean. It should be noted that this is not a type of culture, but just its popular name.

General information

The main difference between laburnum and other decorative tree crops is the large inflorescences of yellow, pink, lilac and white, collected in hanging clusters. The brushes reach up to 50 centimeters in length and when flowering they emit a very pleasant aroma, similar to acacia.

If you properly care for the crop, it will delight the gardener with abundant flowering, the period of which will occur at the end of May and lasts until the end of June. When the bean flower fades, fruits in the form of small pods with beans begin to set in place of the inflorescences, thanks to which the tree can reproduce by self-sowing.

Growing this amazing crop is quite simple, the main thing is to take into account all the tips experienced gardeners and an exotic bean will definitely appear on your site, which will delight you with its lush flowering, filling the air with an extraordinary aroma.

Bean varieties and types

– can be represented either by a compact bush or by a tree up to 6 meters in height. It has large light green three-fingered leaf blades. Laburnum begins to bloom at the end of May and ends in mid-June. The inflorescences have the shape of long racemes yellow color emitting a pleasant aroma.

– in the wild, the tree grows in mountainous areas. Its height can reach up to 6 meters. The inflorescences are large, long, racemose, golden in color and have a delicate, acacia-like aroma.

Flowering time lasts from late spring to early summer. The leaf blades of this bean variety are medium in size, slightly pubescent below and have a dark green tint. The tree is winter-hardy and tolerates temperatures down to minus 20 degrees.

– in nature, the tree grows up to 12 meters in height. It has a bush-like crown and large, light green trifoliate leaf blades. Laburnum has large, long racemose inflorescences of bright yellow color, reminiscent of acacia. This bean variety is frost-resistant, although in cold winters the branches of the tree may freeze. Therefore it needs shelter.

– is a perennial deciduous tree with a spreading oval crown and a height of up to 7 meters. Often the bean tree has several trunks. Trifoliate leaf blades have oval shape and light green color, which darkens with the onset of summer. The bean blooms from May to June, with large long inflorescences of golden, pink, white or lilac hue.

It is a shrub with a compact crown. It has trifoliate oval leaf blades of a green hue. The tree blooms in spring for two weeks. It has large, long, racemose bright pink inflorescences with a delicate pleasant aroma and extraordinary decorative value.

- is a tree reaching a height of 2 meters with a spreading, loose crown and several trunks. The leaf blades of the bean tree are trifoliate with slight pubescence with inside, light green hue.

Laburnum blooms from late spring to early summer. The inflorescences of the tree are racemose and reach a length of 30 centimeters. They have a rich purple hue and a pleasant aroma, vaguely reminiscent of acacia.

– grows naturally in the mountainous areas of Switzerland and Germany. Laburnum reaches ten meters and looks like a bush-like tree with an elongated crown. In Russia, since the plant often freezes, it has the shape of a bush and will grow only up to 3 meters. The leaf blades of the tree are long, trifoliate, smooth, light green color. The bean inflorescences are large, racemose, long and bright yellow.

– the tree is a hybrid of anagyrofolia and alpine bean. It reaches a height of 1 to 3 meters. The leaves are large, long, trifoliate and light green in color. The bean tree blooms from late spring to early summer. Its inflorescences are bright yellow and racemose in shape. They also have extraordinary decorative characteristics and an intense pleasant aroma.

Bobovnik planting and care in the Moscow region

Bobovnik is a crop for which the choice of planting site is not too critical, so it can be planted anywhere garden plot. To plant a shrub, you should choose a lighted place, since due to a lack of light, the crop will stop growing and developing, and flowers will stop appearing on it, or there will be very few of them, and the inflorescences will lose their brightness.

Bobovnik can grow on depleted limestone, so there is no need to frequently fertilize during the growing season. To plant shrubs, it is better to choose a place protected from drafts and wind. Because root system The tree does not tolerate stagnant moisture; the soil must be loose and well-drained.

To plant a bean tree, you should select several seedlings at once. Together, it will be easier for them to endure the winter, and their massive flowering will create a picture in the garden of simply extraordinary beauty.

Young trees need to be planted in early spring, when the snow has melted and the ground has warmed up well. For planting, you should prepare a planting hole in advance by digging it to a depth of 50 centimeters. At its bottom it is necessary to pour a layer of expanded clay, fresh humus and lime. The bush should then be placed in the hole along with a support to which it should be tied. This is necessary in order to young tree did not break under strong gusts of wind.

After it is placed in the planting hole, it is covered with garden soil, and the space around the trunk is mulched with a thick layer of a mixture of bark, sawdust, moss, straw and peat. When mulching is complete, the tree needs to be watered and the soil lightly compacted.

Purple or Cercis is also a member of the Legume family. It can be grown when planted and cared for in open ground without much hassle, if you follow the rules of agricultural technology. All necessary recommendations You can find it in this article.

Watering the bean tree

Since laburnum is a drought-resistant crop, mature trees should only be watered during severe drought.

Young seedlings are watered once a week, and more often in the absence of rain.

Soil for beans

To plant you need to choose nutrient soil with good drainage. It is best if the soil is alkaline. Acidic soil will need to be mixed with ash or lime, doing this in the fall, so that planting can be done in the spring.

Laburnum does not like compacted soil and stagnant moisture, for this reason the soil must be well breathable, and top layer There should be no crust left in the soil after watering. Mulching the tree trunk circle will help avoid this.

Bean transplant

Replanting the shrub is undesirable, as it does not tolerate it very well. However, if necessary, it must be done very carefully so as not to damage the root system.

For this purpose, the bean should be dug up together with a digger and transferred to a new planting hole, after adding compost to it to ensure better rooting.

After transplanting, the tree must be watered and the trunk circle mulched. Replanting should be done in the fall, after leaf fall.

Fertilizers for beans

During the growing season, the tree should be fed, introducing microelements into the soil. Organic is best suited for this purpose.

In the spring you need to carry out compost mulching. Also, several times during the season, the bush can be fertilized with a solution of cow manure.

Bean flowering

Flowering time occurs at the end of spring - beginning of summer and lasts for a month. The bean inflorescences have the form of dense, large and long racemes, bright yellow, white, pink and lilac color with a persistent pleasant aroma.

The shrub blooms profusely and attracts insects. In place of faded inflorescences, small dark brown pods with beans are formed, which ripen by the beginning of autumn.

Bean pruning

Formative pruning of the tree does not need to be carried out, since it itself becomes decorative; over time, its branches will take on a beautiful flowing shape.

In the spring, you can remove some of the frozen branches, but this must be done sparingly so that the tree does not get sick. Bean pods should be removed immediately after ripening to prevent self-seeding and improvement decorative qualities tree.

Since the branches of the tree have a sloping shape, in winter it sticks to them. a large number of snow, and so that they do not break under its weight, they must be carefully shaken off from time to time.

Bobovnik shelter for the winter

If the seedlings were purchased from a nursery, then they will not need additional shelter, since the young trees have already been acclimatized. If they were grown independently, then it is better to protect them by covering them in the fall.

Since young animals are very fragile, they should be bent to the ground carefully. After the branches are bent, the bush must be covered with spruce branches and a thick layer of dry foliage. To prevent them from being blown away by the wind, lutrasil is placed on top of the shelter and pressed down with stones.

Growing beans from seeds

The bean plant is propagated by seeds and vegetative way. When choosing seed method For propagation, it is better to choose freshly collected seed material.

Some gardeners do not treat seeds before sowing, but it is still better to stratify them. To do this, take the beans, mix them with damp soil or put them in damp gauze. Then they need to be wrapped in plastic and put in the refrigerator for two weeks. After the expiration date, the seeds can be sown.

To sow seed, it is necessary to prepare loose, fertile soil. Sowing can be done in late autumn or spring, after the ground has warmed up. Seeds should be planted in open ground to a depth of 2 centimeters, leaving a distance between them of 15 centimeters.

Seedlings do not require special care and will germinate on their own. You can also grow laburnum on a windowsill by sowing the beans in February. To grow, the young bean will need light and moderate soil moisture. When the young shrubs grow up, they should be moved along with a soil manager to a plot in the garden, where they will grow. Trees grown by seed begin to bloom only after five years.

Bean propagation by vegetative means is considered simpler and more successful. To preserve their unique characteristics, it is best to propagate all varietal plants using this method.

Bean propagation

Vegetative propagation means following methods presented by:

Cuttings — to obtain planting material in August, young branches should be cut and rooted on the site in loose soil in partial shade. After planting, the cuttings need to be covered plastic bottles before the formation of the root system. Watering future bean trees should be done carefully. In the first year of life, young shrubs need to be covered for the winter.
Graft — varietal cuttings should be grafted onto species-specific rootstocks. The grafting site must be chosen close to the ground.
By layering — to propagate in this way, you need to bend the lower branch to the ground and sprinkle it with soil. In the place where the roots should appear, you need to make several cuts on the bark. After about 30-35 days, the first roots will begin to appear; when they grow enough, the branch can be cut off and planted in open ground.

Diseases and pests

Since bean is a poisonous crop, pests avoid it. However, he may be affected by a disease such as powdery mildew . It begins to develop when the soil is waterlogged or during prolonged rainy weather.

You can notice the appearance of powdery mildew on the trunk, which will begin to become covered with a gray coating. In the advanced stage, the disease also affects the leaves. When the first signs of powdery mildew appear, the bean plant should be sprayed with a solution of the fungicide “Topsin M 500 SC”, according to the instructions on the package.

Another problem that worries laburnum owners is the lack of flowering. So, why doesn’t the bean flower bloom? There may be many reasons for this, such as an incorrectly chosen place for planting, too dense soil, lack of nutrients, lack of winter shelter and frosting of branches, diseases.

However, most often the absence of luxurious racemose inflorescences is due to the fact that the tree does not have enough light. By transplanting it to a sunny area, you can solve this problem once and for all.

Conclusion

Bobovnik is a real miracle with extraordinary decorative characteristics. It will decorate the garden plot no matter where it is planted. Most often, bean trees are planted next to gazebos or along arched structures, forming an unusual corridor that turns into a real fairy-tale place when the trees are in bloom, from which you won’t be able to take your eyes off.

Laburnum is easy to care for, so even a novice gardener can “make friends” with the luxurious tree. Follow all the tips described above, and your garden will definitely be decorated with a luxurious bean tree that will delight you for a whole month with abundant flowering and a pleasant aroma.

This ornamental plant from the legume family is nicknamed golden shower. When blooming profusely, large bright yellow flowers with a delicate aroma collected in clusters cover the entire bush with “streams” of golden shower. Flowering occurs almost simultaneously with the opening of the leaves and usually occurs in the middle - end of May. The bean plant has taken root in my estate and has already bloomed for two years in a row, although not very profusely as in the photo, but very beautiful, All parts of the bush are poisonous, but despite This bean plant is a good honey plant.

In nature, the bean plant is widespread in Asia Minor and Southern Europe, therefore, in central Russia, during severe winters, especially after a cool, humid summer, it freezes, but then grows back very quickly.

Nevertheless, abundant flowering bean plant in our climatic conditions is observed only in favorable years. Golden shower prefers a sunny, sheltered from the wind location, well-drained, loose, fertilized calcareous soil.

It is resistant to air pollution, so it grows well in the city. Bobovnik looks great in rare plantings against the background of a lawn or dark greenery coniferous plants. In continuous plantings, due to lack of light, it stretches out and blooms weakly. Caring for beans is the same as caring for most ornamental shrubs: pruning, fertilizing, watering and weeding

Pruning is carried out in the spring, after the leaves begin to bloom - first of all, frozen shoots are removed, as well as weak and old branches that thicken the crown. Feeding the plants in early spring and late autumn, not necessarily every year, but depending on the condition of the bush. Watering is necessary only in dry years.

The bean tree propagates by seeds, layering, dividing the bush and green cuttings. Propagation by seeds collected from bushes growing in your climate zone is preferable. Seeds are sown in spring, after one and a half months of stratification.

This lengthy process can be replaced by scalding the seeds with boiling water or treating them with concentrated sulfuric acid for half an hour. It also gives good results mechanical damage peel - for example, sandpaper. For vegetative propagation, semi-lignified shoots of this year are cut into cuttings at the end of June - beginning of July. Each cutting should have one internode and two nodes. Leaf blades are cut by a third or half to reduce the area of evaporation. Rooting works better in a moist, loose substrate in a greenhouse or greenhouse, where direct sunlight does not reach.

Before planting, cuttings can be treated with growth hormones, such as heteroauxin. At the end of summer - beginning of autumn, young plants are transferred to the school for growing. It is even easier to propagate bean plants by layering. To do this, young flexible shoots in the fall or early spring are bent to the ground, attached with wooden pins and sprinkled with earth. During spring and summer, the shoot takes root at the nodes and produces one or two small bushes that can be separated from the mother plant next spring.

Bobovnik - golden clusters in early summer

Season: bean blooms from May to June

Features: bean is an unpretentious plant

Place and soil: prefers sun or partial shade, the soil should be good garden soil of any type, distance between plants 2 - 4 m, height 4 - 7 m

Buy young, strong bean bushes with an earthen ball or in a container from September or before the leaves begin to bloom in May. Do not buy plants that are too large and have sprouted leaves, as they do not take root well.

Prefers sun or partial shade. Bobovnik prefers well-lit areas, but grows well in slightly shaded areas. Permeable soil, not prone to moisture accumulation. Bobovnik grows even on poor and chalky soil

Common bean grass reproduced by seeds. In the fall, sow pre-collected mature seeds in moist soil for seedlings. Bobovnik does not need regular pruning. This shrub does not tolerate radical pruning.

Plant in early spring, as soon as the soil thaws, or in the fall. Bobovnik is a shrub with a magnificent natural crown that does not require shaping pruning.

Bobovnik tolerates long-term drought well. The mulching layer of compost retains moisture in the soil and at the same time saturates it with nutrients.

Bean branches may break if someone lies on them thick layer snow. After heavy snowfalls, carefully shake the snow from the branches.

In warm and humid weather, bean plants are often affected by powdery mildew. The leaves of diseased plants are covered with a gray powdery coating on both sides. In case of severe damage, it is recommended to use biological fungicides.

Drooping bright yellow clusters of bean flowers appear in the garden from May to June.

Colors and varieties

Bobovnik, or golden shower, is one of the popular garden plants. Unfortunately, the beautiful, unpretentious shrubs and small trees that bloom in early summer and form the genus group Laburnum are poisonous. The leaves, branches and especially the seeds of the bean plant are poisonous. Common bean grass (laburnum anagyroides) reaches 5-7 m in height. Side branches extend from the main shoot of the bush at an acute angle, and thin young shoots droop downwards in an arched manner. Numerous sulfur- yellow flowers with fused calyx-sticks, collected in racemose inflorescences up to 20 cm long. The “Pendulum” variety is weeping.

Waterer's bean (Laburnum x watereri) was obtained by crossing the common bean with the alpine bean (Laburnum alpinum). This plant is not widely used, but specialists are also recommended for garden cultivation, especially the “Vosii” variety created on its basis. Representatives of this variety reach a height of 4-5 m. Their branches are covered with thick glossy foliage, but the unusually bright, yellow inflorescences reach twice as long - up to 50 cm

Usage

A tall and slender bean tree is suitable plant for a small garden. As an ornamental plant, tapeworm can be grown, for example, near the terrace, in the front garden and on the lawn, where it is not obscured by other trees. The bean plant looks especially beautiful in separate groups of 2-3 plants, as well as as part of flowering hedges. The extremely unpretentious bean plant feels good even on rocky, sandy, infertile soil. Unfortunately, all parts of the plant are poisonous. Seeds are especially dangerous. which begin to ripen by August in brown beans. Therefore, if you have small children, it is better to refuse to grow beans.

Partners

Undemanding to growing conditions, the bean plant is a universal plant, an ideal partner for various shrubs and flowers. The bean plant is a traditional component of flowering hedges, a bright yellow spot against the general background. Bobovnik goes well with other shrubs that bloom at the same time, such as wisteria (Weigela), sweet grass (Kolkwitzia amabilis), common hawthorn (Crataegus laevigata) and mock orange (Philadelphus). A wonderful neighbor is the exotic common mackerel. Rhododendrons are often grown alongside bean trees. Bobovnik with golden flowers looks great against the background of dark coniferous trees and shrubs. Original solution This is a bean plant in a heather bed. Under it lies a carpet of heather, grass cloves or ornamental grasses.

But he undoubtedly deserves much more attention. We will tell you about planting beans and caring for this incredibly ornamental plant in our article.

Description

Bobovnik is a genus of deciduous shrubs or small, low-branched trees that belongs to the Legume family. The second name of this plant is laburnum. The genus Bobovnik contains 4 species found in natural environment growing in Asia Minor, as well as southern and central Europe.

In culture, the boundaries of the shrub's distribution have expanded significantly: it is grown in many regions with warm climates. Moreover, they have been doing this for a long time, since 1560.

Bobovnik, aka “Golden Rain”

A perennial plant with trifoliate leaves and a cascade of spectacular racemes consisting of golden-yellow flowers, can be found in the Caucasus, Crimea, Central Asian countries and Ukraine. The ornamental shrub has been successfully acclimatized in the Southern Hemisphere, namely in Australia and New Zealand, where it grows and blooms well in garden areas.

This plant came to Russia in early XIX century. Initially perennial shrub began to be grown in the Caucasus, and from there it spread further, gradually moving to more northern regions.

Today, a beautiful flowering plant can be found in parks and botanical gardens over a vast territory: from Sakhalin in the east to Kaliningrad in the west, and in the north of the country to St. Petersburg.

Leaves

Bean plants are decorative, and the shrub can be used to create a hedge. However, the bean tree becomes most attractive during flowering, when small yellow flowers, similar in shape to moths, appear in abundance on its flexible branches.

Flowers

Collected in lush brushes up to 40 cm long, they seem to flow between the branches of the plant, creating the impression of golden rain. For this attractive feature The name “golden shower” has been assigned to the shrub, and most often in everyday life many amateur gardeners call it that way.

In the wild, bean grows as a tree up to 10 meters high or a bush with straight main trunks and flexible hanging shoots. In the middle zone, the height of the bush is much lower: the bean grows up to 3 meters.

Bark of trunks The plant has a grayish-green or light brown tint. Young shoots of the bush are pubescent. The leaves are small, up to 5-7 cm long. They are smooth on the upper side, and pubescent below and have a silver-green color.

Small yellow flowers with a diameter of 2 cm are collected in gracefully hanging racemes.

The flowering period coincides with the appearance of leaves and lasts 15-20 days. After flowering, fruits ripen on the branches of the bush, having the appearance of pubescent beans up to 8 cm long with two valves and a pointed tip.

Precautionary measures

All parts of the bean plant are poisonous because they contain the alkaloids laburnine and cytisine in high concentrations. The seeds of the plant are the most poisonous.

For this reason, the bush is dangerous to humans. Poisoning by the plant entails a disorder of the central nervous system, breathing problems, heart function, nausea, convulsions and other serious consequences for the body, even life-threatening.

Just two eaten seeds can lead to this result. Therefore, if this shrub grows on your site, it is necessary to limit access to the plant for children and pets. Any work with beans, including cuttings and transplanting young seedlings, should be carried out exclusively with gardening gloves.

Despite the fact that the bean plant is poisonous, it is successfully pollinated by insects. Moreover, this shrub is a good honey plant. The lifespan of the plant is about 20 years. Bobovnik is quite resistant to air pollution and can grow in unfavorable conditions and with little smoke.

Types and forms of beans

The most widespread plant in cultivation is the anagyroid bean (or anagyrofolia). At least ten varieties of this are known ornamental shrub. This type of bean prefers regions with a temperate climate, although it can also grow in the subtropical zone.

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Alpine bean is also grown in cultivation. It is less common than anagyroid, although it is superior to this species in terms of winter hardiness. A hybrid of alpine bean and anagyrofolia is also cultivated.

All these types of shrubs differ from each other in the length of the inflorescences and the density of the flowers collected in the brush. However, the golden yellow color and shape of the flowers remains the same for all varieties.

Anagyrofolia has several forms:

Weeping. This form is characterized by flexible drooping branches
Golden. The young leaves of these shrubs are golden in color, but become green over time.
Autumn. Plants belonging to this form will delight you with secondary autumn flowering
Oakleaf. This form of bean has cut lobed leaves reminiscent of oak leaves.

Features of the growing season

Bobovnik is a fast-growing plant. At making the right choice area for planting and creating favorable conditions, the shrub grows quickly and enters the fruiting season quite early.

The bean tree begins to bloom and bear fruit at the age of three. The plant is quite thermophilic, but can withstand temperatures dropping to -20-25°C.

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The bean growing season begins in April and ends in mid-October. Often, shoots, especially after the wet summer months, do not completely become lignified, and for this reason they may freeze a little.

But this has practically no effect on the decorativeness of the shrub, since its crown is restored quite quickly due to its high growth rate, which is up to 25 cm per year.

During severe winters with prolonged low temperatures, the bean tree can freeze out right down to the root collar. This often happens not only in Leningrad region, but also in Moscow and in regions located further south.

However, in the years following freezing, the bush is able to fully recover. The most frost-resistant forms are plants grown from seeds of their own reproduction: as a rule, they do not suffer from frost.

Reproduction

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Bobovnik can be propagated in different ways:

seeds
layering
vaccinations
dividing the bush

When propagated by seeds young plants turn out to be more hardy than seedlings obtained by other methods. The bean fruits ripen from September to October. The seeds obtained are sown in the spring. Their viability is 85%, and soil germination is very low - only 8%, since the seeds have a dense shell.

To increase germination and speed up the germination process, bean seeds must first be stratified.

To increase germination, fairly radical methods are used:

scalding with boiling water
stratification in a cellar or refrigerator in wet sand for 1.5-2 months or sowing seeds in open ground before winter
treatment for 30-60 minutes with concentrated sulfuric acid (this method gives the best results)
scarification - mechanical damage to the integrity of the seed shell (in this case, the beans must be rubbed with sandpaper)

Bean seeds can also be sown in containers with loose substrate that does not contain organic matter. Planting is done to a depth of 0.5-1 cm. As a rule, seedlings appear within a month, and young plants develop quite quickly.

In the spring they are transplanted into the ground for permanent place. In the Caucasus and Crimea, bean can reproduce well even by self-sowing. Such plants grown from seeds bloom in 5-6 years.

When propagated by layering

It is necessary to secure one of the lower shoots to the surface of the earth and sprinkle it with soil. It will take about one month for the cuttings to root, and in the fall it will have its own root system. However, it will be possible to separate the young plant from the mother bush and replant it only in the spring, before the leaves appear.

When propagated by cuttings

The number of rooted cuttings is 63%. This applies mainly only to summer cuttings, which give such a high percentage of rooting. Before the roots appear, it is better to cover them with film. After rooting, the cuttings are planted in a permanent place, and this should also be done in the spring.

Grafting method

Suitable for propagation of hybrid bean varieties. The cuttings used for grafting must have at least three buds. The grafted plants are planted in greenhouses in light soil and grown for a year, after which the young bushes are ready to be transplanted to a permanent place.

Landing area

In order for the bean plant to develop quickly and delight with lush flowering, you need to choose a suitable place for planting it. The plot in the garden where the shrub is planted is more than 50% the key to lush flowering, for which this ornamental plant is valued.

For planting shrubs, a sunny place in an open area, protected from wind and drafts, is best suited.

Semi-shaded areas on the south side of buildings are also suitable for bean plants. It is the lack of lighting that negatively affects the flowering of the plant. In the shade, the bean will develop slowly, produce weak growth and bloom poorly. IN shady places with low light the plant may even lose its leaves.

Planting beans

1 When purchasing seedlings in stores and garden centers it is necessary to pay special attention to the country of origin. This is important because planting material selection different countries differs significantly in terms of winter hardiness.

For example, seedlings brought from Belgium, the Netherlands or Italy are suitable for planting in southern regions, and in the middle zone they will not be stable. Plants grown in Hungary, Germany or the Czech Republic, on the contrary, winter quite well in the European part of Russia.

2 Bean plants are planted in open ground in the spring, even if you bought the plant in a container. It is better to buy young bushes, since large specimens take root less well after planting in a new place, even if they are replanted along with a lump of earth. Seedlings need to be planted before the buds “wake up” and the plants begin to grow.

It is not recommended to plant plants with blossoming leaves, since such seedlings will have a very difficult time taking root. The bush needs strength to take root in a new place and develop a root system, and the blossoming leaves will require nutrition. As a result, all parts of the plant will be deprived, and successful rooting of the shrub cannot be guaranteed.

In this case, it is better to postpone planting until autumn, when in October the seedling will shed its leaves and “freeze” for several months. A young plant planted at this time will have the opportunity to adapt to a new place and take root before the onset of cold weather. The bean plant needs to be provided with shelter for the winter, then it will successfully survive the winter, begin to grow in the spring and develop well.

3 To plant a bean plant, you should prepare a hole, the volume of which should be at least twice the size of the seedling’s clod of soil. To the bottom landing pit you need to place drainage, pour a heap of soil mixed with lime and humus, and place a support for the tree. After planting, the soil is carefully compacted so as not to damage the root system. young plant. Then the bean tree needs to be watered, tied to a support and the tree trunk circle mulched.

Growing conditions

As we have already noted, the bean plant is light-loving and develops well only in areas with sufficient sunlight. The plant tolerates urban conditions well: the bush is resistant to smoke and air pollution. However, it will bloom colorfully only when favorable conditions are created.

The bean plant develops best in rich, well-drained, loose soils containing lime. This shrub is calciphylic. In other words, it refers to plants that grow best in soils rich in calcium compounds (limestone, chalk and other sedimentary rocks).

Bobovnik does not tolerate soil compaction very well. The land for planting the plant must be High Quality, permeable, not prone to moisture accumulation and not acidic. Only on well-calmed soils are they created favorable conditions for plant growth, development and flowering. For this reason, you need to constantly ensure that the soil mixture in which the bean plant grows does not have high acidity.

Care

Beyond choice right place To plant a bean tree and provide the plant with suitable soil for it, there are several more conditions that must be met in order for the shrub to delight you with the “golden shower” of its flowers:

1 Watering. The bean plant has enough moisture, which it receives in the form of precipitation. The shrub tolerates dry periods well and only needs to be watered during particularly dry months.

2 Nutrition. The bean plant should be fertilized twice a year. In the spring for this the best way suitable nitrogen fertilizers necessary for better growth and development. In autumn, phosphorus-potassium fertilizers should be applied, which are needed for better wintering of the shrub. Organic fertilizers To fertilize the bean plant, it is necessary to dilute it so as not to burn the root system, which lies shallow. Feeding is carried out starting from the second year of growth.

3 Mulching. Bobovnik can withstand relatively dry periods without any problems, but the tree trunk must be mulched. Compost is suitable for this purpose.

It performs several functions at once:

retains moisture in the soil
saturates the soil with nutrients
promotes good growth root system.

When loosening the tree trunk, weeding and removing weeds, it is necessary to remember that the root system of the bean plant is close to the soil surface. All work should be carried out carefully so as not to touch or damage the roots of the plant.

A plant that attracts gardeners and fits perfectly into any garden. - garden bean. In addition to the fact that there are interruptions in flowering, growing bean plants is a pleasure, since the plant is not capricious, develops quickly and recovers just as quickly. About, why doesn't the bean flower bloom? , and also how to make garden bean blossoms bloom, you will learn in today’s article.

Features of growing garden bean?

The peculiarities of growing garden bean in general, and specifically the planting location, influence whether it will bloom. Bobovnik is grown mainly in warm countries. The plant is found in regions such as the Caucasus, Crimea, as well as in Central Asia, and is popular in Ukraine and the Baltic countries.

Land for planting beans:

High quality soil mixture ingredients;
Water permeable;
Not prone to moisture accumulation;
Poor/limed soil;

The location of the bean plant in the garden is determined by more than half of the future flowering of the plant.

Place for planting beans in the garden:

Sunny place;
Open landing area;
Protected from wind/draft;
Semi-shaded area;
Planting on the south side of the house/any buildings;

Lack of lighting has a negative impact on garden bean: firstly, the plant develops slowly and intermittently, and secondly, in an unlit area its leaves fall off or there is weak flowering.

The reasons why bean plants do not bloom in the garden can be varied. Of course, based on the data provided, suspicion immediately arises that the planting site was chosen incorrectly, but there are other criteria that affect the flowering of garden bean.

About an incorrectly chosen landing site and insufficient lighting It has already been said earlier - we suggest that you read the first part of the article, but other reasons for the lack of flowering of the bean tree need to be considered in more detail.

As mentioned earlier, garden bean prefers planting in poor soil mixture. As for the pH level, then increased acidity soil - is not among the preferences of the garden bean, but well-limed soil has a beneficial effect on flowering.

The bean tree does not bloom if it is flooded. The plant can withstand long-term drought without problems, but soil near the tree trunk is definitely necessary. mulch . For mulching, for example, compost is suitable, which performs two functions simultaneously: it retains moisture and saturates it with nutrients.

In winter, from the area where the garden bean grows, regularly removing snow. A similar procedure is carried out if precipitation remains on the branches - they can break under the weight of snow and cause damage to the future flowering of the bean tree, depriving it of fruitful branches.

Diseases of bean grass

Plant affected by powdery mildew when the weather is humid and warm. To treat bean diseases, they resort to a multi-stage plan, which begins with prevention. After mandatory protection or during the onset of the disease, the leaves and soil are treated fungicides , helping to overcome powdery mildew on the site and return to its previous state beautiful bloom bobovnik

Bobovnik, planting and caring for which is not very labor-intensive, is popularly called “Golden Rain”. This is a perennial weeping shrub with large bright yellow inflorescences that hang down in beautiful long racemes (the photo conveys the beauty of these flowers). Belongs to the legume family. There are plants with pink, white, red and purple inflorescences, sometimes with spines.

Three types of this plant are known: anagyrofolia, alpine, waterera.

Bean flowers are collected in racemes up to 20 cm long, and hybrid species- up to half a meter. The bush looks very similar to acacia. The main branches are straight, light brown or gray-green in color with shoots hanging down. The bean plant is light-loving, quite unpretentious to the soil and poisonous. The branches, leaves, flowers and seeds are poisonous. It blooms from mid-May to mid-June at the same time as the trifoliate leaves open. By the end of summer, fragrant and honey-bearing flowers are replaced by fruits with shiny seeds inside.

The fruits are bean pods, similar to acacia fruits, up to 8 cm long. It is recommended to cut them off immediately better flowering plants next year. A young bean blooms 3 years after germination. The branches of the bush grow 30 cm per year. The homeland of the bean plant is Southern and Central Europe, Asia, as well as the Crimea, where it can spread independently. It was brought to Russia in the 19th century. It is usually a shrub, although it can also be a tree up to 7 m tall. There are creeping forms of it. The bean plant is used for the production of souvenirs, some of its parts are used in medicine to create anti-smoking products.

Bean varieties

Pink bean is resistant to most types of diseases and pests.

Three types of this plant are known:

anagyrofolia;
Alpine;
vaterera.

Anagyrofolia, or common bean, is the most common natural species. Compact tree height from 2 to 3 m (sometimes up to 7 m). The plant began to be cultivated starting from the 16th century. It is planted both in single specimens and in living corridors, where it more closely resembles a liana. A heat-loving, winter-hardy plant, it can withstand temperatures from -23 to +26 ° C. It has light brown hanging branches and dark green leaves, smooth on the outside and with a fluffy cover on the inside. Based on the common bean plant, breeders developed three varieties: weeping, golden and autumn. The most famous varieties:

Pink bean is a shrub with a compact, loose crown. It is the first to bloom in the spring, and thanks to its resistance to most types of diseases and pests, it retains decorative look until the first frost. The flowering period is short (only up to 2 weeks). It blooms with abundant pink flowers (up to 2 cm in diameter) covering the entire bush; they open at the same time as the foliage. This is a scarlet corolla or Pink colour, irregular bell-shaped cup. The fruits are velvety, light yellow in color with dry drupes.
Red garden bean is a bush about half a meter tall. Blooms numerous bright pink or scarlet flowers. The variety is most often used for hedges and landscaping.
The Golden Rain bean grows in the foothills of Germany and Switzerland. In its native places it grows as a ten-meter bush-like tree. In Russia, due to frequent frostbite, it grows as a bush not exceeding 3 m. Light green leaves grow up to 7 cm in length. The flowers are bright yellow, collected in racemes up to half a meter long. It differs from other species in its completely smooth leaves and pronounced growth, with an elongated crown. The most frost-resistant variety.
Norwegian bobwhite is another representative of this species. Homeland - south and center of Europe. Does not tolerate frost well. It blooms with yellow, purple and red flowers at the same time. It is a hybrid of bean and broom.

Alpine bean is a more persistent species than common bean. This is a tall (up to 10 m) tree with a dome-shaped crown. Differs from anagyrofolia in lighter foliage, small, odorless flowers and bare beans. Blooms at the end of June.

Waterera bean is a hybrid created from alpine and anagyrofolia. It is distinguished by long dark green leaves, large clusters of flowers (up to half a meter long), pubescent and with a wonderful aroma. It does not tolerate winter well, and therefore in Moscow it reaches no more than a meter in height.

Buying beans and planting

You should buy beans in October or early spring, before the leaves bloom. The sprout should either be with a lump of earth, or in a flowerpot or container that replaces it. You should not buy large plants with blossoming foliage: they take root very poorly.

This plant prefers loose and well-drained soil with added lime, but grows well in rocky and sandy soils. Can't stand it acidic soil. Planting should be done in early spring. A seedling and a support stick are placed in the dug hole, water is poured, humus, compost and lime are added, they are buried and compacted. The size of the hole should be 2 times larger than the lump of earth with the roots of the plant.

The trunk is tied to a pole, and around the trunk the soil is mulched with compost. Plant beans in sunny, open, wind-protected places. Grows well in partial shade. In the shade, the leaves darken and crumble, and in the wind the bean may not bloom at all.

Bean propagation

Anagyrophyllum bean is resistant to frost and drought.

The plant reproduces by seeds and vegetatively. Seeds are sown before winter in loosened soil to a depth of 0.5-1 cm. Before planting, they must be scalded with boiling water, kept in a sulfuric acid solution for half an hour, or simply rubbed on the skin with sandpaper. To increase cold resistance, seeds can be stratified in the refrigerator, but not longer than 1.5 months. Shoots appear in early spring. You can plant the seeds in October: first - in boxes, after germination, transplant them into pots, and in the spring - into open ground. Seeds can be planted in the spring, as soon as the snow melts, under glass.

For vegetative propagation In the spring, tilt the twig and sprinkle it with soil. TO next year When the branch sprouts roots and several bushes, they are separated from the main plant and planted in the ground in a permanent place. Hybrid plants Propagated only by cuttings and grafting.

The cuttings are cut in the summer and planted in a greenhouse.

If there is no greenhouse, you can use a regular three-liter jar or a cut-off bottle. The planted cuttings should simply be covered until the leaves appear.

In the northern regions, beans should be grown from seeds, as they become more cold-resistant.

Bobovnik care

Since the bean tree does not tolerate frost well, it is recommended to cover the roots of the plant for the winter with dense agrofibre, especially for bushes that have not reached three years old. After a snowfall, you need to shake the snow off the branches to prevent them from breaking. In spring, dried, damaged and very old branches are pruned. Only young plants can be trimmed decoratively, as old ones do not tolerate heavy pruning very well. Common bobwhite It’s better not to prune at all, cutting only the fruits to the brown, woody part of the branches, without touching it in any way.

Weeding must be done extremely carefully, since the roots are very close to the surface. Water only in particularly dry summers. Feeds in early spring nitrogen fertilizers, and in late autumn - phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. It is useful to add lime to the soil, and even better, ash.

Due to its toxicity, the plant has almost no pests. In warm and humid weather, bean plants can be threatened by powdery mildew and aphids. At powdery mildew The leaves of the plant on both sides are covered with a whitish coating. Biological fungicides are used to control pests.

All procedures with beans should be carried out with extreme caution; after work, be sure to wash your hands, and it is best to work with gloves to avoid poisoning. If you have small children, then you cannot breed the plant, since just two eaten seeds can be fatal.

Bobovnik is characterized by resistance to smoke and gaseous environments, and therefore will ideal option for landscaping an industrial complex.

“Golden Rain” looks great in combination with heather, coniferous trees, and dark greenery.

Steppe almonds are called bobovnik. This is a small bush of the rose family with straight, spreading branches, up to half a meter in height, growing in Europe and Asia, mainly in the steppes. Very frost-resistant type. The branches are shortened, the flowers are bright pink. Blooms in early spring. Almond oil extracted from the seeds is used in medicine and cooking. Under no circumstances should it be confused with garden bean, as these are completely different plants.