How black currants grow. Secrets of successfully growing and caring for currant bushes. Plant care

Now it is difficult to imagine a garden in which there would be no currant bushes. It is not difficult to purchase seedlings of this widespread crop in our country, and their cost is low. Therefore, you can not only plant currants on your site, but also create a collection of its varieties. Caring for any type of currant consists of following the basic rules of agricultural technology. At the same time, the culture always generously gifts its owners with a harvest.

From the history of culture

Currant is a moisture-loving plant; in natural conditions it chooses moist forests, slopes of rivers, lakes and swampy areas. Habitat: Eurasia, North America.

The ancient Greeks and Romans did not know the look or taste of currants. Its wild species grew at that time on the lands of Central and Northern Europe: the shrub better tolerates conditions of a temperate climate and even a cold one. He doesn't like heat, subtropics.

In the 15th century, currants began to be cultivated en masse in France, and then in Germany. The first species that Europeans became acquainted with was red currant. They paid attention to the black variety a little later.

Currants diversified the Lenten dishes of monks in Rus' in the Middle Ages

The first written evidence of the existence of currants in Rus' dates back to the Middle Ages. However, in Kyiv monasteries they were engaged in cultivation of crops back in the 11th century. The monks moved currant bushes from the forests beyond the fence of the monastery grounds.

In the gardens of Pskov, Novgorod and young Moscow at that time, currants were also found. At the same time as other berry growers, it was transferred from the forests to the princely lands.

The banks of the river on which Moscow stood were covered with currant thickets. In this regard, the river was nicknamed Smorodinovka (now the Moscow River).

TO XVIII century currants (especially black currants - Ribes nigrum) have won special honor among domestic fruit growers. But now the culture is losing its popularity. Currant plantations are being replaced by other berry bushes.

Species diversity of currants

Classification contains 190 various types currants Of greatest interest to gardeners are:

black currant. Distributed in Central Russia and Siberia, Europe, Mongolia, Kazakhstan and North America. The bush grows up to 1–2 m in height. Young branches Green colour, old ones are brown. Currant leaves are elongated, with a smooth and dark green top, lighter and pubescent bottom. Up to 5–10 flowers are collected in a color brush. Black currant blooms in May - early June. It produces fruits from July to August (determined by the variety). The black berries of this type of currant reach large sizes (about 1 cm in diameter), have a tart, sweet and sour taste and a characteristic currant aroma;
red currant (Ribes rubrum) is found in forests of Russia, Asia, and Europe, where it grows in the form of dense thickets on the slopes of reservoirs. The shoots of the shrub are sandy or gray in color. The flowering phase of this type of currant occurs in mid-May, and the fruiting phase occurs in mid-June. Juicy bright red fruits 0.8–1.1 cm in diameter have a predominant sour taste. They are collected in long clusters;
white currant (Ribes niveum). Habitat: Europe and Asia. By structure white look looks like red. Average height bush - 1.5 m. The flowering and fruit production phases are identical in timing to red currants. Light yellow berries are located on a long bunch. They are sweeter than the red one, with a slight sourness;
golden currant (Ribes aureum). It grows wild in Canada, Mexico and Central America. The shrub is grown in North America, Central Asia and Europe. In our country, it grows in the gardens of Altai, the European part of Russia, the Caucasus, and the Far East. The height of this type of currant bush is 2–2.5 m. It is weakly branched, with bare or lightly downy reddish branches. Leaf dimensions: 5x6 cm. With the arrival of autumn, the foliage becomes bright orange-red; in September it turns purple and retains its rich shade until winter. Blooms in late spring for 3 weeks. The flowers are yellow or yellowish-green in color - because of this, currants got their name. In early July, the berries (0.6–0.8 cm in diameter) ripen, have a black or brownish-red hue and a pleasant taste.

Photo gallery: main types of currants

In the process of rejuvenating a currant bush, shoots older than 4 years are removed

Anti-aging bush pruning

The purpose of rejuvenation pruning is to stimulate the renewal of the bush, the growth of young shoots that will bear fruit in the next season. A simple way to rejuvenate currant pruning for beginning fruit growers: remove one-fourth of the branches of the bush annually. To do this, mentally divide the bush into 4 parts, one of which will be removed. With this approach, there will be no shoots older than 4 years of age. Dried, stunted and diseased branches must be removed.

A more complex bush rejuvenation procedure involves removing branches:

lying on the ground;
directed inside the bush;
injured;
barren (the main crop of currants ripens on 2–3-year-old shoots);
weak growth this year.

Upon completion of the rejuvenation procedure, the tips of the preserved shoots for fruiting (not “nulls”) are cut off to the place where the wood has matured well. This promotes shoot growth and large fruit production.

The main goal of the bush rejuvenation procedure is the possibility of free (without interference) growth of the so-called zero shoots extending from underground roots.

Video: pruning and rejuvenating a currant bush

Treatment of currants from diseases and pests

Even compliance with all the rules of currant agricultural technology does not guarantee protection of the bush from harmful insects and diseases. Currant bushes are often attacked by pests - gooseberry moth, aphids, currant glass, sawfly, bud mite. Diseases cannot be excluded powdery mildew, anthracnose. The fight against uninvited insects and diseases can be carried out by everyone by known methods- from folk to the use of popular chemicals. In addition, all damaged shoots are cut out from the plant. They must be burned. This is done early in the spring or late in the fall. After removing the fallen leaves, dig up the soil under the bush.

It is easier to prevent any currant disease than to eliminate its consequences later. For this purpose, various preventive measures are carried out. In particular, watering currants with boiling water is considered one of the effective measures to prevent diseases and harmful insects. It is recommended to carry out the procedure even before the snow cover completely disappears. The bushes are sprayed with boiling water from a watering can, treating not only parts of the plant, but also the soil. Boiling water, warming the soil, has a positive effect on the awakening of the buds and increases the plant’s immunity.

Reproduction methods

Currants are propagated in several ways.

By layering

Propagation by horizontally spread layering is a frequently used method. Any method involves using strong and healthy currant bushes as mother plants. The advantages of this option are that the shoots take root easily with minimal effort from the gardener, and the mother plant does not experience significant stress.

To propagate currants by layering, one of the one-year-old shoots is placed in a trench and pinned

Layers are laid for rooting in early spring or early autumn.

Furrows 10–15 cm deep are made next to the bush.
They are laid in soft pillow from sand, peat, humus, compost.
To grow layering, strong one-year-old shoots or 2–3-year-old shoots with increments are selected. They are placed in the grooves and pinned with pins.
On the layering, branches will grow upward from the awakened buds. When they reach a height of 10 cm, they are hilled, keeping 1–2 leaves free.
After 2–3 weeks in the spring, the shoots are hilled again. If this happens in the fall, the shoots are disconnected from the mother plant and moved to their own permanent place growth.

By cuttings

Propagation of currants by cuttings is suitable when there is already a successfully grown variety on the site that you want to propagate. It is more convenient to harvest cuttings in early spring during spring pruning bush.

Cuttings are harvested from fully ripened stems, the thickness of which is at least 6 mm and the length is about 15–20 cm. The bottom is cut obliquely, and the upper cut is made straight, 1 cm away from the upper bud.
Before planting the cutting, it, together with the preserved leaves, is soaked in a biologically active solution with Epin, Novosil, Kornevin, and aloe juice.
The cuttings are planted at an angle, lowering the tip 3–4 cm into the ground; a distance of 15–20 cm is maintained between the seedlings.
Part of the cutting with 2 buds is left free; the lower one should be in close proximity to the soil surface.
In order for root formation to proceed effectively, the moisture balance in the soil must be constantly maintained. To do this, the ground is mulched with a 3 cm layer of compost.

For better root formation, the tip of the cutting is powdered with a root growth stimulator.

Dividing the bush

Propagation of a bush by division is usually used when a valuable variety is forced to be transplanted to another place or when there is a shortage of planting material. The main advantage of this method is the rapid survival of the newly planted bush without much difficulty.

By dividing the bush, valuable varieties of currants are bred

Method technique:

At the end of September and until the beginning of October or early spring, the desired part of the bush or bush is torn from the soil carefully, without damaging the roots.
Using pruning shears or garden saw All old shoots are removed, and young shoots are shortened to 30 cm.
Using a sharp hatchet, divide the bush into 3–4 parts. An important requirement is the presence on the part of the plant that is intended for planting, clearly visible buds and an extensive system of healthy roots.
A bush is lowered into a hole (50x60 cm), fertilized with rotted mullein. Its roots are covered with earth, which is compacted tightly and watered abundantly (1.5 buckets of water per plant).

How to grow currants from seeds

Currants can be grown from seeds. However, you should not count on a quick harvest in this case. For the first time, a bush grown from seeds will begin to produce berries only in the 4th–5th year of life. But even here there may be a catch - the berries will probably be different from those from which the seeds were taken. The technique is simple. Ripe fruits are cut, kneaded, carefully washed, and slightly dried.

It is initially possible to dry the berries in a special vegetable dryer, after which the seeds can be removed from them.

Stratification - keeping seeds of different crops at low temperatures up to 70 o C to improve their germination. To do this, the seeds are placed in a moistened cloth or soil.

Currant seeds are used in different ways: sown in the spring (the method is reminiscent of growing vegetable seedlings) to obtain sprouts, place them in a cool cellar for storage until spring, or sow them directly into a prepared trench before winter.

Growing currants on a trunk

Standard cultivation of currants in our gardens is not very widespread. However, this method of breeding crops has many advantages:

fruiting branches with berry clusters do not touch the ground, which significantly improves the quality of the harvest;
each branch receives a sufficient amount of light, which also has a beneficial effect on fruiting;
the bush is less susceptible to attacks by harmful insects;
berry picking and bush care are made easier;
compact plantings make it possible to save land;
caring for the tree trunk is greatly facilitated;
the standard bush is superior in decorative qualities ordinary bush.

For creating standard form bush, two methods can be used:

engraftment of the rootstock onto the scion;
creating your own root standard.

The first method is suitable for those fruit growers who are well versed in gardening “surgery”; the second method can be mastered even by novice gardeners.

From standard currant you can create entire alleys

How to properly care for currants? Each gardener has his own growing methods. Some people pour fertilizer into the hole when planting, while others simply plant it in bare soil, fertilizing as needed.

If the cutting is collected in late autumn, then it is best to put it in water in a warm sunny place and wait for the roots to appear. There is still a possibility either in early spring or early autumn cut off young currant shoots and immediately plant them in the ground, but it is unknown whether such a sprout will survive. In addition, you can bury one of the currant branches in the spring, and by autumn simply cut the branch from the mother plant to the young plant.

The most reliable, but most long-term option is to wait for the first roots from the cut cuttings. After this, you need to plant it either in the ground, if the weather permits, or in a pot.

After planting a young bush in the ground, it needs to be formed. The first branch that began to grow in the spring is pinched. This is done in order to activate the action of the buds, from which a full-fledged bush will be formed in the future.

In order for a young currant bush to begin to grow and develop, it is necessary to feed it. First of all, the soil near the cutting is hilled up and loosened. This event is carried out so that more oxygen reaches the roots. Afterwards it is fed with infused chicken manure. If this is not available, then it is fed with saltpeter. Nitrate gives abundant growth to the plant, which is essential for young growth. In addition to saltpeter, you can sprinkle triple fertilizer - nitrophoska - under the roots. This fertilizer contains nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus. Such fertilizer gives a good result - the plant begins to develop well, and if such fertilizer is added before flowering or the formation of berries, then accordingly the flowering will be abundant and the berries will be large.

Then all that remains is to wait for the plant to grow abundantly. Another important point is that watering is very important for the plant. Loves currants large quantities waters, swampy ponds. In order for your currants to be distinguished by large juicy berries, a rich harvest and abundant growth, you need to follow the only rule - abundant watering.

Currant roots tend to crawl out - they must be periodically covered with soil. Another option is to fall asleep grape seeds. They loosen the soil very well and provide nutrients to the plant.

If you follow these small instructions, you can harvest a large harvest of ripe beauty from a small bush and enjoy currants not only in summer, but also in winter. Not only can you make compotes from currants, but you can also make them into delicious jams, and also freeze.

How to grow large and sweet currants
HOW TO MAKE CURRANTS LARGE AND TASTY

Good currants in the garden! Some are black, some are red, some are white, some are golden... Each has its own vitamins, its own taste.
Gardeners have already developed varieties that produce berries up to two centimeters in diameter. It’s no longer news that six or seven kilograms of harvest per bush, or even more.
EVERY YEAR A NEW BUSH
On many garden plots Today there are such varieties. But here’s the problem: after five or six years, the berries begin to become smaller and the yield begins to fall. Rejuvenating the bush by pruning does not help. But it would be necessary to update the entire root system.
My experience shows that the currant bush retains its varietal qualities and produces an excellent harvest in the third or fourth year of life. Until this age I keep my bushes. The first and second years the harvest increases, after the fourth it decreases.
Therefore, in my currant rows every year I have bushes of all four years of growth.
http://stgetman.narod.ru/black-currant.html

From a four-year-old bush in the spring I dig a first-year twig into the soil, and by autumn I separate it and replant it in a new free place. By autumn, not autumn! After picking the berries, I uproot the four-year-old bush. I lime the vacated space, add organic matter (grass and leaves rotted over the summer, as well as food waste And wood ash, that is, I’m preparing a hole for next year.
In science they call it step-by-step technology. What I call annual renewal of bushes from your own planting material.
One out of five growing bushes is young every year, one ceases to exist every year. It turns out that every year I have three bushes that give an excellent harvest, one bush dies, one is born again.
The collected harvest is enough for compotes, jams, and fresh berries to eat.

GARLIC AND GERANIUM WILL SAVE BERRY FROM DISEASES
A rich harvest is obtained if in the spring the soil under the bushes is loosened and mulched (that is, covered with organic matter: hay, straw, buckwheat husks, weeds), watered with Baikal EM-1. In addition, I occasionally water the currants with warm water and mulch again.
With such agricultural technology, my bushes and berries do not suffer from diseases and drive away pests themselves.
What to do if an infection does occur? Don't rush into chemistry! It turns not only the bushes, but also the berries blue!
Wormwood planted under bushes or a flower pot with geraniums (you don’t need it at home in the summer anyway) will completely drive away ticks, aphids, and sawflies. Garlic also helps. It’s better to break it under the bushes - then there’s more smell. And the drug EM-5, created on the basis of the famous “Baikal”, is also good. The microorganisms included in it devour all aphids, both green and gallic (they cover the plant with brown spots), and also give the plant health and strength. And most importantly, this drug is safe for currants both during flowering and after. You just need to spray the bush several times in dry weather.
This method is also very effective: set fire to old rubber (hoses, galoshes) in a bucket, extinguish the fire and place it downwind at a distance from the bush. After 10-15 minutes all spider mite will run behind the fence.

Useful and healing (medicinal) properties of black currant. What are the benefits of black currant? Treatment with black currant.
Black currant is one of the most favorite berries. In addition to its great taste, black currants are very beneficial for the health of the body. Thanks to healing properties, black currant is often used in folk medicine for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes.

Without exaggeration, we can say that black currant is a storehouse of vitamins and health. Black currant berries contain vitamins B, P, provitamin A (carotene up to 3 mg%), sugars, pectin substances, phosphoric acid, essential oil, tannins, vitamin K, carotene, it is rich in potassium salts, contains phosphorus and iron salts. The leaves contain phytoncides, magnesium, manganese, sulfur, silver, copper, lead, essential oil and vitamin C (250 mg%). As for vitamin C, black currant is the leader among other plants. To provide daily requirement in ascorbic acid, it is enough for a person to eat 15-20 berries. Berries and leaves are used for medicinal purposes.

Black currant has the ability to prevent cancer and protect against diseases of the cardiovascular system. Black currant also prevents weakening mental abilities in elderly people.

Blackcurrant surpassed all berries in terms of the amount of vitamins, minerals and others it contains. useful substances. Research has found that blackcurrant berries have the ability to prevent diabetes. It is with these important properties Black currant is due to the fact that it is often added to functional food products intended to strengthen and heal the body in case of a variety of diseases.

Black currants have been found to have the ability to prevent the occurrence of malignant neoplasms and Alzheimer's disease, protect against heart disease, blood vessels, diabetes, and maintain visual acuity for a long time.

Beneficial features black currant is known to many: its leaves and berries are used to treat kidney diseases, liver diseases and respiratory tract. Eating currant berries is extremely beneficial for atherosclerosis.

Vitamin C, contained in black currants, is extremely important for the normal functioning of the body. This vitamin, as well as anthocyanidins, have powerful antioxidant properties. Black currant has anti-inflammatory and disinfectant properties; its juice is used to treat sore throat. In folk medicine, this berry is used to make herbal tea and as a cure for diarrhea and fever. Blackcurrant prevents the development large quantity diseases, including cancer.

Black currant is recognized by scientists as the healthiest berry. It improves the body's immunity and resistance various diseases.

It is important to note that the beneficial properties of black currant berries are preserved in home preparations (but not in industrial ones) during processing and canning.

Black currant has good restorative properties, so black currant juice helps weakened patients and those who have recently undergone surgery.

Decoctions of black currant berries help with anemia, hypertension, bleeding gums, stomach ulcers and duodenum, gastritis. Baths from a decoction of currant leaves are used for various rashes and skin diseases. An infusion of black currant leaves helps rid the body of excess uric and puric acids. Used as a diaphoretic, mild laxative, for bleeding and metabolic disorders. Blackcurrant juice is drunk with honey or sugar when coughing.

Blackcurrant is used to strengthen nails, for this purpose: rubbed into the nail plate and the skin around it.
Useful properties of black currant. Treatment with currants
Blackcurrant is extremely beneficial for health. The beneficial properties of black currant are explained by its rich composition. Blackcurrant ranks second after rose hips in terms of vitamin C content. It contains vitamins B1, PP, carotene, potassium, iron, citric, malic and other organic acids, pectins, tannins, sugars (up to 16%).

Black currant has a healing effect on stomach ulcers, gastritis with low acidity, atherosclerosis, kidney disease, metabolic disorders, and anemia. Blackcurrant phytoncides are active against Staphylococcus aureus, microscopic fungi, and dysentery pathogens.

An aqueous infusion of blackcurrant, like the fruits themselves, destroys influenza A and B viruses and improves immunity.

Black currant improves and stimulates the activity of the stomach and intestines, and stops colic.

For nervous disorders, it is preferable to take fresh red currants. The berries are taken as a multivitamin for anemia, hypo- and avitaminosis, and cough. Syrup made from fresh berries is used for throat diseases, whooping cough, and hoarseness.

For colds, coughs, hoarse throat, as a diaphoretic and anti-inflammatory agent: 1 tbsp. Pour 1 cup of boiling water over a spoonful of berries and leave, covered, for 1-2 hours. Strain. Take 1-2 glasses 3-4 times a day.

Finely chop young blackcurrant branches and boil for 7-10 minutes in water. Drink as tea for scurvy.

Blackcurrant leaves are used as a diuretic for urolithiasis, cystitis, pyelonephritis: 5-6 tbsp. Pour 1 liter of boiling water over a tablespoon of crushed leaves and leave in a warm place for at least 1 hour. Take 1 glass 5-6 times a day, you can add sugar or honey to improve the taste.

For gout, rheumatism: 1 tbsp. pour a spoonful of crushed leaves into 1 cup of boiling water, leave, covered, for 2 hours, strain. Take 1/2 cup 4-5 times a day.

Fresh blackcurrant juice is used for peptic ulcer stomach and duodenum, inflammation of the gastric mucosa, low acidity of gastric juice, metabolic disorders, liver diseases, high content uric acid and purine bases in the body.

Currant fruits mixed with sugar in a 1:2 ratio are useful for preventing atherosclerosis and reducing blood pressure with hypertension. Take with water (1 tablespoon of currants with sugar and 3 tablespoons of water) 1-3 tablespoons per day. spoons of grated currants (no more!).

Common diseases of black currant:

Anthracnose. When the disease occurs, small brown spots appear on the leaves, which grow, and then the leaves dry out. The disease can also appear on the stalks, young shoots, and petioles.
White spotting. There are small brown spots on the leaves. Then they become white, but with a brown border. Black dots appear on the spots. When anthracnose or white leaf spot appears on black currants in April, the bushes are treated with Bordeaux mixture (1% solution) or 3% nitrafen solution. The treatment is repeated after 10 days. Then in mid-summer the bushes are sprayed with Bordeaux mixture (1% solution). They also collect all the diseased fallen leaves and burn them, dig up the ground around trunk circle to a depth of 10 cm, do this in spring or autumn.
Glass rust. When the disease occurs, rusty growths are visible on the leaves. The disease can be transmitted from sedge. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate all sedge. The leaves are collected and burned. Before the buds bloom, the currants are treated with 1% Bordeaux mixture.
Columnar rust. These are small rusty spots on the leaves. In the spring, even before the leaves bloom, the bushes are sprayed with 1% Bordeaux mixture. Then the same composition is sprayed after picking the berries. It is recommended to spray the leaves with phytosporin.
Striped mosaic. When the disease occurs, a grayish-yellow pattern is visible near the veins of the leaves. The disease cannot be treated; the infected bush is destroyed.
Powdery mildew. There is a coating on the berries and shoots white. Then the color changes to brown, the berries crack. To treat the disease, cut out all diseased branches, spray the currants with a solution of 100 g of copper sulfate in a bucket of water. After 10 days, spraying is repeated. Spraying should be stopped 2 weeks before harvest.
Terryness. When terry, the outline of the leaves changes; instead of 5, they may have 3 lobes. The leaf darkens and becomes denser, the bush blooms later, the inflorescences have purple colour. To eliminate terry, the diseased bush is destroyed.

Not only people, but also various pests love to eat currants. Therefore, it is necessary to know the “enemy in person” and be able to fight it:

Currant aphid. To eliminate aphids, spray the branches with a soap solution or wash them. You can replace soap with ash, use 300 g per bucket of water. Make a solution of 3 tbsp. spoons of urea into a bucket of water, add potassium permanganate so that the solution is bright pink and treat the bushes. If there are a lot of aphids, then spray with Actellik, Karbofos, and Vofatox.
Moth, glass and leaf gall midge. When affected by the moth, the berries are entangled in cobwebs, they become reddish and dry out. If the ground is mulched with a layer of 8 cm, the moth larvae will not be able to get out and will die. To eliminate moth caterpillars, spray currants with Actellik and Metaphos. Glasswort larvae gnaw out the core of the stems, and for the winter they make their way to the roots. Leaf gall midge is detected when wrinkled leaves with small bumps are visible at the top of the branches. In early spring and in the fall, to eliminate leaf gall midges and glasswort, cut out old and diseased branches near the surface of the soil and burn them. Before the buds begin to bloom, spray the currants with “Aktara” or “Iskra” and add liquid soap.
Spider mite. In early May, red-brown or whitish leaves are visible, with cobwebs underneath. To eliminate the pest, burn the leaves affected by the mite and spray the bushes with insecticides.
Currant bud mite. This tiny insects, they crawl inside the kidneys and eat them. To control the pest, cut off and burn branches that show swollen buds in early spring. After flowering, treat the currants with a 1% aqueous suspension of colloidal sulfur.
Shield. They can be detected by formations on the leaves - shields that cover the pests. To eliminate early spring and late autumn, wash the branches with a stiff brush dipped in a soap solution. Sprinkle the currants with Actellik and Fitoverm.
Blackcurrant berry sawfly. Its larvae make their way inside the fruit. Damaged berries are larger and have a ribbed shape. Collect and burn the affected berries, mulch the ground, and dig up the soil in the fall.

More information can be found in the video:

It is probably impossible to find a domestic gardener who does not grow currant bushes in his summer cottage. It is also difficult to find gardens where currants do not grow at all. This plant has plenty of advantages: seedlings are inexpensive, so you can expand your home collection by buying new varieties. At the same time, it is not at all difficult to provide care for currants in the country. But what is most important is that the agricultural technology for growing currants includes only basic aspects of care, and you will reap a fairly generous harvest. What do you need to know to achieve high results?

Conditions for successful cultivation

How to care for currants correctly? In fact, this berry bush takes root well in areas with any climatic conditions(both in the north and in the south), with proper care it can withstand 25-degree frosts. And everything would be fine, but not all gardeners harvest a truly generous harvest every year. There may be several reasons for this, but the most significant factor is the farmer’s failure to follow some important recommendations.

Not only do they know how to care for currants experienced gardeners. This process is not scary, but it includes mandatory activities. First of all, do not forget about weeding from time to time. Such a procedure does not have to be frequent, but in no case should the situation be neglected. The cut weeds can not be removed at first, but left on the surface of the soil around the bushes. This is a good material for future compost, which you will need in the fall.

Caring for home currant bushes also involves loosening the soil. This needs to be done approximately twice a year: in the spring, when the snow melts and the ground becomes loose after a long period of icing. Loosening is necessary so that the bush has constant access to air, otherwise root system may not recover from wintering. In the fall, when your entire harvest has already been harvested and you have begun preparing the currants for the onset of cold weather, you also need to loosen the soil.

Another important stage currant agricultural technology - mulching. What does this give? Firstly, in this way, moisture is retained longer in the soil around the bushes. Secondly, the presence of mulch on the top ball of soil prevents the development of weeds (they simply have nowhere to grow). Straw is suitable as the main material, which can be used to fill the space under the plants. Considering all the advantages this process, it’s worth paying attention to, but mandatory procedures Mulching does not apply.

Good currants are not only about growing and caring for them. This process is of great importance for farmers who want to get full results when growing currant bushes. Special attention It is worth paying attention to watering the plants. For example, black currant ribes nigrum requires regular saturation of the soil with moisture. Do not wait until the top layer of soil noticeably dries out. At the same time, it is advisable to increase the intensity of watering during the development of shoots and berries, as well as after the end of the harvest.

Remember: if there is no moisture in the soil, the harvest will not be at all what you expected. The berries will fall off without fully ripe, and those that remain on the branches will be small and not juicy enough. If you want your currant care to be effective, do not underestimate the importance of watering.

Growing homemade blackcurrant is impossible without fertilizing. If, during the process of planting plants in a permanent place, you added fertilizers to the soil in sufficient quantities, it is quite possible that during the first two years, repeated fertilizing will not be necessary. Starting from the third year of cultivating shrubs, it is recommended to feed currants at least once or twice a season. The best option– fertilizing the soil in the spring, when the buds bloom, and in the fall, to prepare the plant for the onset of cold weather. Properly caring for currants is not difficult if you know and understand the basic principles.

in spring

How to properly care for black currants in spring? Complete care should certainly include pruning of bushes. If you didn’t do this in the fall, then be sure to correct the situation in the spring. It is recommended to prune before buds open.

Knowing how to grow currants and how to properly care for them, you will appreciate the results at the height of the summer season. In the spring, you should pay attention not only to pruning and watering the plants with boiling water. Processing the tree trunk circle is another important activity. The soil needs to be loosened. Treating shrubs against pests will also not be superfluous. In this case, it is not necessary to use professional preparations; you can limit yourself to homemade ones. herbal infusions. Don't forget about feeding the plants. Generally spring care for currants is considered the most labor-intensive. In summer you will need to put in much less effort.

In summer

Caring for black currants in summer includes several basic activities. First of all, it is important to regularly water the shrubs. Be sure to monitor the condition of the soil around the plants, loosen it and remove weeds in a timely manner. Pay special attention to mulching the soil, as well as fertilizing and pinching shoots. The last stage of crop care is necessary only if your bushes are not too thick in the summer. It is not very difficult to ensure the cultivation and proper care of currants in the summer. The main thing is to remember the basic recommendations.

in autumn

First of all, water your shrubs regularly. The crop will not require as much moisture, but the soil should not dry out. Growing also requires the application of fertilizers to prepare the shrubs for wintering.

Apply superphosphate fertilizers and potassium chloride to the top ball of soil. Such nutrition must be provided for each plant. It is not too difficult to provide care for homemade black currants, especially in autumn period when the bush is preparing for winter.

Caring for young shrubs

How to grow currants so that they begin to bear fruit sooner and generally develop to their full potential? Remember: in the first season after planting young seedlings in a permanent place, you will not receive a harvest. Moreover, it is recommended that the farmer himself prevent the bush from flowering. Pick off the flowers yourself: the fruits will still not ripen, and the plant, instead of actively taking root and becoming thick, will waste its energy.

Let your seedlings grow actively, and let the grown shrubs quickly bring you your first full harvest.

Video “How to properly care for and plant currants”

In this video, an expert will talk about the rules for planting and caring for this crop.