How to care for a tangerine tree. How to care for a tangerine at home in a pot? How to care for a citrus tree

The evergreen tangerine tree can be an excellent guest in a home greenhouse or decoration winter gardens. Often, even in a simple apartment you can see a miniature citrus. After all, it can not only delight the gardener’s eye with its greenery, but also give several dozen fragrant tangerines every year.

However, it is worth paying attention that to achieve a thick lush crown and abundant fruiting in any variety homemade tangerine or an orange tree is quite difficult. To do this, you must follow some rules regarding watering, pruning and fertilizing. These rules are very important when caring for tangerine tree at home. It’s worth noting right away that gardeners may encounter certain difficulties regarding growing indoor citrus fruits.

You should familiarize yourself in more detail with the rules for caring for a tangerine tree, and also learn how a tangerine blooms.

Of course, the most simple option will purchase a ready-made grafted seedling of any tangerine variety in a fruit nursery or in an online gardening store.

Most often you come across trees with a closed root system. The root system is hidden in an earthen coma in a pot or packaged in a bag.

If you purchased a tangerine tree of any variety, the root system of which is packaged, then the tree will need to be transplanted into a separate container after purchase.

More economical gardeners prefer to grow citrus trees from ripe and juicy fruit. In addition, many fans indoor plants They receive great moral satisfaction when their citrus tree grows from scratch, although it takes much longer and requires much more effort.

So, the basic rules for growing tangerines from seeds:

• In order to grow a citrus tree at home, you need to select seeds from ripe, juicy fruits. It is worth noting that tangerine seeds have excellent germination.
• As soon as the seeds are selected, it is advisable not to immediately place them in the soil, but to pre-soak them. To do this, they must be placed between 2-3 layers of clean, damp gauze and placed on a saucer.
• As the gauze dries, it should be periodically moistened for several days until the bones begin to swell.
• As soon as you notice that they begin to hatch and the first shoots appear, the plant can be planted in the ground.

If you do not have the opportunity to wait several days for the sprouts to appear, then the seeds can be soaked for 2-3 hours in water with the addition of a few drops of Epin, a growth stimulator.

In specialized stores you can buy a ready-made package of soil for citrus fruits. If you do not have such an opportunity, then you can prepare soil for any type of tangerine tree yourself. To do this they mix the following types soil:

• Leaf soil.
• Rotted manure.
• Soddy soil.

It is worth noting that you should not add clay or peat to the substrate. When planting a tangerine in a separate pot, drainage in the form of expanded clay or coarse gravel is placed at the bottom of the container. Then the soil mixture is poured on top. The seeds should be planted to a depth of 5-6 cm. The pot with the seed should be in a well-lit place, without direct sunlight. Otherwise, the sprout may get burned. If you follow all the rules of care, then after 3 weeks the sprout will appear from the ground. From this moment you can begin feeding the future tangerine tree with organic and mineral fertilizers. This is due to the fact that everything useful material They are washed out of the soil very quickly when watering.

How to care for a citrus tree

In order for the plant to bloom and bear fruit, it is necessary to follow some rules of care. indoor tangerine, regardless of its type.

Lighting requirements

As mentioned earlier, the pot with the tangerine tree should be placed in a sufficiently lit place, while direct sunlight should be avoided. If the plant does not have enough light, it will not grow large and will be sickly. At first glance, it may seem that a pot of decorative tangerines is best placed on the south side of the house.

However, this may cause burns on the leaves. The most ideal option will be placing the plant on the southeast or east side. If the south side is the only possible option To install a pot with an indoor tangerine tree, then in spring and summer the plant will need additional shading.

But in winter, it is best to choose the south side of the house to place the tree. During shortened daylight hours in winter period indoor tangerine also needs additional lighting using special lamps.

Air temperature and humidity

As for the temperature regime, the plant will feel best in a room with a temperature of 15 to 18°C. However, this applies to the warm season. In winter, the tangerine tree must be kept at a temperature of 12°C. If the temperature is higher, the tree will begin to bear fruit worse, bloom poorly and weakly form buds and ovaries.

Particular attention must also be paid to air humidity. During hot, dry days in summer, as well as on winter days, when central heating dries out the air in the room, the plant needs additional spraying. Sometimes this spraying will have to be carried out up to 3 times a day. For additional humidity, you can use a bowl of water placed on the windowsill or use other humidifiers. It is worth noting that dry air often provokes the formation of pests. These could be ticks, scale insects and many others. During the flowering period, the tangerine tree must be sprayed very carefully to avoid moisture getting on the buds and flowers. In this case, spraying is best replaced by wiping the leaves.

Watering rules

The tangerine tree needs frequent and abundant watering. In hot summer, the plant needs to be watered 2-3 times a day. As for winter time, if you maintain a sufficiently high temperature regime, and constantly humidify the air in the room, watering twice a week will be enough. Watering a tangerine tree of any type must be done only with settled water. The water temperature for irrigation should be room temperature.

If for some reason the plant suffers from a short-term lack of moisture, it will not die, since to reduce water loss the tangerine will shed all or part of its leaves. However, it is worth noting that fresh leaves do not grow on bare branches. They appear only on new branches. It is for this reason that many gardeners try to avoid unexpected leaf fall and provide the plant with regular watering. At the same time, you need to know that frequent overwatering of wood can cause the development of fungal diseases.

Feeding and replanting

Caring for a tangerine tree at home also involves replanting it in pots every year. bigger size. The root system of tangerines grows quite quickly and entwines the earthen ball over its entire surface.

Replanting plants involves changing the drainage layer and adding soil mass. If you take out the plant with a lump of earth and see that there was quite enough space for roots to grow in the pot, then you can only get by by replacing the drainage layer, and insert the tree back with the same lump of earth into the pot and add only upper layer soil.

Every year, it is recommended to transplant a tangerine tree at home before March - before the start of the growing season. The root collar should not be deepened during transplantation. She will have to provide the same level relative to the ground surface.

During the growing season, which lasts from April to September, the plant needs feeding. Every week, tangerine must be fed with organic and mineral fertilizers. It is recommended to alternate types of fertilizer. Adult trees that grow in cramped pots especially need feeding, without updating the soil or replanting.

So, for one week it is recommended to water the tangerine with a solution of liquid mullein, and for another week - with a ready-made complex fertilizer for citrus trees. Such fertilizers can be purchased in specialized stores. Fertilizers should include the following components:

• Nitrogen.
• Potassium.
• Phosphorus.

It is recommended to fertilize in the first half of the day. However, before this, the soil must be watered. The temperature of the nutrient solution should be at least 20°C. The recipe for preparing the fertilizer must be strictly followed.

It is worth noting that care orange tree at home will be almost the same as caring for a tangerine.

The most in an economical way To get a tangerine tree seedling is to grow it from a fruit seed. But if the grower already has a ready-made tree and wants to get offspring from it, then you can choose one of the following methods for propagation:

Control of possible pests

Even if the tangerine tree is provided with all the necessary conditions and full care, flower growers sometimes encounter problems such as pests. Among these pests, the most common are the following:

• Whiteflies.
• Scale insects.
• Red spider mite.

Each of the above pests can cause irreparable harm to the tangerine. That is why, at the first detection of these insects on a plant and the slightest suspicion of their presence, it is necessary to wipe the leaves or spray the entire tree special drugs: Aktellik or Fitoverm. Acaricidal and insecticidal agents must be used only in strict accordance with the attached instructions for use.

Among the representatives of the Rutov family, one of the popular fruits is the tangerine. In Latin, the name of this evergreen plant is Citrus reticulate. Mandarin belongs to the group of citrus fruits, which also includes such well-known fruits as orange, lemon, grapefruit, etc. During its development, the plant can acquire different shape- a bush or tree with a height of 5 m.

Indoor tangerine

Behind last years Growing tangerines in artificial conditions has become widespread, for which devices such as greenhouses, conservatories and winter gardens. If you wish, you can grow this evergreen plant at home on your balcony or windowsill. Created today a large number of varieties of dwarf and low-growing tangerines, which are ideal for these purposes, because when they reach the full phase of vegetative development, they have a height of no more than 0.6-1.1 m. If tangerines are grown at home regular varieties, then it requires pruning and shaping of the bush.

A tangerine grown in a pot can please any owner. Moreover, this is manifested not only in the formation of bright, appetizing orange fruits, which can remain on the plant for several months. Many owners note the beautiful flowering of tangerine, because when the branches of the plant are covered with flowers white, it begins to emanate from them amazing aroma. There are certain varieties of tangerines that begin to bloom from spring until late autumn. A true masterpiece is the tangerine, grown using the bonsai technique.

One of the advantages of indoor tangerine is that artificial pollination is not required for the formation of its fruits. The moment of their ripening occurs, as a rule, at the end of the year. If you don’t want to wait that long, you can purchase it already mature plant in a pot containing fruit. Although they look very appetizing, it is not recommended to use them for food. Still, such tangerines are largely decorative, because to grow them, fertilizers are added to the soil in large quantities. Gives additional attractiveness to the plant leathery and corrugated leaves.

Varieties for growing at home

Before growing tangerine at home, you must first decide on a suitable variety.

Mandarin: home care

In order for home-grown tangerines to give you tasty and beautiful fruits, you need to properly find a place for it and take care of creating optimal lighting.

Lighting

The presence of good lighting is one of the determining conditions that must be met regardless of the growing conditions of the tangerine. Tangerines grow best when exposed to a small amount of direct sunlight. If the plant does not have enough lighting, this will affect its growth, the number of flowers formed will be small, and in some cases the plant will not be able to enter the flowering phase at all.

Also, a lack of lighting affects the leaves, which take on a faded appearance; the emerging shoots begin to thin out, acquiring painful condition. For this reason, it is advisable to choose windows facing the east, southeast or south as a place to grow tangerines. At the same time, he needs to provide artificial shade from the midday sun. With the onset of summer, the decorative tangerine can be placed on the balcony for a while, helping it adapt to natural conditions.

The tangerine tree is cared for somewhat differently in winter, when the length of daylight hours is reduced. For plants, it is necessary to choose the most illuminated area that receives direct sunlight. However, this does not always provide sufficient lighting. In this case, you have to use artificial lighting. You can make up for the lack of lighting with an ordinary phytolamp, which is connected to a chandelier or table lamp. You should start adding light to the plants little by little. If the duration of daylight hours is immediately increased sharply, this can lead to plants shedding leaves.

Content temperature

For normal growth decorative tangerine It is necessary to ensure in summer the temperature is in the range plus 20-25 degrees Celsius. When the tangerine enters the flowering phase, it is advisable to maintain the temperature at a level of up to 20 degrees to avoid the flowers falling off. In winter, plants need to create conditions for less active growth, so the optimal temperature for it will be in the range of 5-10 degrees. This regime allows the plant to accumulate enough strength over the winter to actively enter the flowering and fruiting phase with the onset of spring.

How to water and spray tangerines at home?

A tangerine tree grown on a windowsill has the ability, borrowed from its wild ancestors, to withstand long periods of drought. If the plant does not receive moisture for too long, this will lead to shedding of leaves, which will reduce the volume of evaporated liquid. Owners who decide to grow indoor tangerines have great difficulties with watering. It is necessary to select the correct rate of water consumption, since when high humidity there is a danger of developing fungal diseases.

For correct calculation the volume of water for watering a tangerine tree, the following factors must be taken into account:

• plant size;
• volume of container used for growing tangerine;
• temperature environment;
• length of daylight and lighting intensity.

As the leaf surface of a houseplant increases, amount of moisture evaporated Therefore, such plants need to be provided with moisture in a larger volume. In addition, the rate of evaporation depends on ambient temperature: As it increases, plants begin to release more moisture. Also, the volume of liquid evaporated depends on the length of daylight hours. Throughout the day, the tangerine tree has open stomata, which are formations located below the ground part, which are necessary for gas exchange.

The most suitable time for watering indoor plants is the first half of the day, since this is the time of day when plant activity peaks. Particular attention should be paid to the ambient temperature: as it decreases, the frequency of watering is reduced. In some cases, it is enough to water the tangerine once every few days if the temperature remains stable. within + 12… +15 degrees Celsius. In such conditions, plants only need a small amount of moisture to maintain their vital functions.

One of the recommended procedures that has a positive effect on the development of the tangerine tree is spraying the leaves. In conditions of low air humidity, the tangerine begins to feel uncomfortable, which may result in the risk of the plant becoming infected with spider mites. Therefore, during flowering, it is necessary to avoid getting moisture on the flowers.

How to feed tangerines at home?

In order for the tangerine tree not only to grow well, but also to bear fruit, it requires care, which includes the application of mineral and organic fertilizers. Since a container of soil, which contains an extremely small amount of useful elements, is used for cultivation, all these elements are washed away when watering. Good food for tangerines can be: soluble or dry fertilizers.

You can start feeding indoor plants already in the first days of spring, when the length of daylight hours begins to increase. Moreover, the first portions should be small, which must be increased over time. This moment must be taken Special attention, because exactly in early spring There is an active development of vegetative and generative buds.

For their normal formation, the tangerine tree needs to be provided with additional nutrients. When growing plants in room conditions Fertilizers are applied according to the same scheme as for other indoor plants. Mandarin oranges should be fed in the first half of the day. The recommended ambient temperature for this procedure is no higher than + 18… +19 degrees.

Conclusion

Mandarin is exotic plant for our country, however, many owners have long learned to grow it at home. Many people are attracted to these evergreen plants not only by their orange-red fruits, but also fragrant aroma, which comes from flowers. Growing decorative tangerine indoors is not as difficult a task as it might seem at first glance. The main thing you need to take care of is to create optimal conditions for normal growth and development. At proper care very soon the tangerine will delight you with bright and beautiful fruits.

Citrus lovers are happy to grow tangerines from seeds, because they take root better than oranges or lemons. But the question of how to care for the tangerine tree in the future becomes quite relevant. The seedling feels great in a pot, and we will tell you about care at home below.

Caring for a tangerine tree in a pot: replanting, maintenance conditions, pruning

There are quite a lot of aspects that need to be taken into account. This includes transplanting without the risk of injury, creating favorable conditions in terms of temperature and humidity, pruning, pest control, eliminating drying out, etc.

How often does a tangerine tree need to be replanted?

1. Each tree expands its territory due to the increase in roots, tangerine is no exception. It needs to be moved from a small pot to a large one. Moreover, this procedure is carried out every year.

2. If we talk about a four-year-old tangerine, it is moved immediately to a wooden tub (pot). Then, within 2-3 years, the tree will successfully bear fruit and develop.

3. The best time to relocate a tangerine is early spring. At this time, citrus awakens. Manipulations begin with a small dig, which is done to check the condition of the rhizomes.

4. If the root system is tightly entwined around a clod of earth, the tangerine requires a transplant. In other cases, it is enough just to remove top part soil and lay out a new layer. The tree is left in this state for another year.

Preparing the soil for replanting tangerines

In search of an answer to the question of how to care for a tangerine tree, it is recommended to explore the options for land suitable for growing a seedling in a pot. At home, you need to do everything correctly.

So, citrus fruits are not tolerated acidic environment, accumulating peat. For the tree, you need to choose soft and nutritious soil so that it retains moisture, but at the same time has good air circulation.

To prepare the soil for growing young tangerine trees, prepare a mixture of the following ingredients:

• humus from cow manure;
• turf and leaf types of soil mixed in the same proportion;
• disinfected river sand (coarse).

If desired, you can omit the humus; replace it with compost.

When the tangerine tree reaches the age of 3-4 years, fatty clay is added to the base of the soil. It will prevent the tree's rhizomes from drying out and retain moisture for a long time.

It is imperative to line a layer of drainage about 4-6 cm thick in the pot or tub into which the plant will be transplanted. Clay shards, expanded clay or small pebbles are perfect.

Transplanting a tangerine tree without the risk of injury

Since not everyone knows how to care for a tangerine tree in a pot, pay attention to the need for replanting in a timely manner. At home, it must be done carefully, follow the instructions.

1. Water the soil along the sides of the tub with settled (filtered, rain) water so that it has less adhesion to the walls of the pot.

2. Take a spatula or any other object. Gently tap the pot on all sides. The same actions can be carried out with the palm of your hand, lightly tapping the tub. You will make it easier to separate the roots and soil from the walls of the clay or wooden pot.

3. Take the tree by the trunk closer to the base, carefully remove its root system along with the remaining soil. There is no need to remove any remaining soil, otherwise you may damage the plant.

4. Take care of a new pot with a drainage system in advance; you need to line it with a layer of soil. Place the dug tree inside and cover it with soil.

5. Lightly tamp the soil, but do not press too hard. Water the citrus tree and place the pot in a sunny location.

Important!

When replanting, you do not need to completely cover the root collar of the tree with soil, otherwise it will take a long time to take root. The upper section of the neck should remain on the surface.

The root collar is the line that separates the roots and the trunk. There is a small compaction in this area; it must be partially covered with earth.

It is important for happy owners of citrus fruits to know how to care for a tangerine tree in compliance with all conditions. This is the only way to ensure a long life for a tangerine in a pot at home.

No. 1. Lighting

1. Everyone loves citruses sunlight, so this needs to be taken care of in advance. Find a place for the tree. A tub with a young seedling is placed on the windowsill of the north window. Older trees are installed on the east and west sides.

2. Mandarin grows well and produces fleshy fruits if placed on the south side. The main thing is that the windows have blinds or tulle to diffuse the light.

3. It is worth understanding that harsh UV rays negatively affect the crown of tangerines, burning it. Also, direct sunlight dries out the soil, so you should not keep the tree under scorching rays.

4. In the summer, the citrus tree is moved to the garden or balcony. It is advisable that the tub be located under spreading trees or covered with something else. This move will scatter the light and smooth out the “blow” to the tree.

5. If the plant is installed in an apartment on a window, during rush hour (noon) it should be moved to the shade or curtains drawn. Towards evening (16.00-18.00 hours) the windows open.

6. In winter due to shortage natural light it is necessary to warm the tree with phytolamps.

7. Since it is necessary to care for the tangerine tree in daylight hours, take this into account when growing it in a pot at home. Daylight hours last 8-12 hours, no less. Otherwise, the plant weakens, its leaves turn yellow and fall.

Important! Special light lamps can be purchased at the Home and Gardening store. When using them, periodically turn the tree to the light with different sides so that it warms up evenly.

No. 2. Temperature

1. The first buds on a citrus tree can be seen in the spring. It is very important to maintain the temperature at this time so that it does not fall below 21-25 degrees. If the temperature drops to 15-17 degrees, the tree will be covered with fragrant, but not fruit-bearing, barren flowers.

2. B winter time year, the tangerine must be moved to a cool room so that the plant is not heavily exposed to heating radiators. The temperature in the room must be reduced very slowly, otherwise the tree may lose some of its leaves. First, keep the indicators at +18, then reduce to +16, then +14. Some amateur gardeners even lower the mark to 10 degrees.

Important! Mandarins are prepared for hibernation after harvesting the fruits. In winter, the citrus tree is kept cool to increase its strength. In such conditions, the tangerine rests, and after waking up it produces even more buds. Its fruits acquire juiciness, sweetness and look very bright.

3. Before caring for a tangerine tree according to all the rules, learn some more subtleties when growing in a pot. At home, around the 10th-20th of January, you can gradually increase the temperature in the room. The tree must awaken from hibernation and prepare to bloom.

No. 3. Humidity

1. Mandarin loves not only warmth and light, but also moderate humidity. In hot weather, spray the plant 2-4 times a day with settled water from a spray bottle.

2. In the summer, take care of normal air humidity, place a container of water next to the pot, or purchase a compact humidifier for your apartment.

3. In winter, buy an ionizer and, again, a humidifier. If you installed a pot with a tree nearby heating devices, cover the radiator with a wet sheet or towel.

4. Do not forget to promptly ventilate the room in which the citrus pot is installed. However, during such manipulations, it is necessary to remove the tub of tangerine to the side, because the citrus will not tolerate drafts and temperature fluctuations.

Rules for watering a tangerine tree

1. If the soil in the plant pot dries out, the risk of spider mites increases significantly. Always ensure that the soil retains a little moisture and should not be wet.

2. In summer, watering is carried out every day; in winter, the procedure is reduced to 2-3 procedures per week. Therefore, it is important to know how to care for a tangerine tree in a pot. Feel the soil with your finger: if it is dry, pour in a small amount of water.

3. Always pay attention to the tray before watering the tree. If there is a lot of water, the plant simply does not have time to absorb the liquid. At home, watering should be stopped. Wait for the water in the pan to dry.

4. If you don't commit right actions, the root system begins to rot. Fungus may also develop. Use settled (rain, filtered) water.

5. The amount of water added varies depending on the temperature in the room and the size of the plant. If the room is hot enough, a small tree requires up to 1 liter. water. For a large one, the indicator should be increased by 4 times.

6. Be sure to warm the water to 39-41 degrees, then water the plant. It is enough to immerse your hand in the liquid to roughly estimate the temperature. If you are comfortable, this water is what you need.

7. Pour the liquid exclusively into the rhizomes. Can't tolerate foliage with trunk excess moisture. It is allowed to separately moisten the crown using a spray bottle. Distribute the water evenly. When the tangerine blooms, liquid should not get on the buds. Water the plant in the morning.

Rules for pruning a tangerine tree

1. To avoid neglecting the plant, it is important to know how to prune a tangerine tree. Simple manipulations at home will speed up fruiting.

2. Regularly trim the grown shoots that appear at the top of the plant. As a result, the tree will branch more.

Pest and disease control of tangerine tree

1. If a plant develops or grows slowly or poorly, the cause may be diseases or the appearance of pests in the form of whiteflies, aphids, scale insects, and spider mites.

2. To prevent this from happening, you should know how to care for a tangerine tree in a pot. Twice a month, bathe the plant at home.

3. Rinse the foliage with a warm shower. In addition, once every 28-30 days it is necessary to wipe the leaves with manganese liquid.

Why does the tangerine tree dry out?

1. The first thing you should pay attention to is low humidity indoor air. The leaves of the plant will dry out and then fall off.

2. To save the tree, regularly spray it with water from a spray bottle. Carry out this procedure daily. Then you can save the remaining leaves.

Why do tangerine leaves turn yellow?

1. The leaves on the tree begin to turn yellow if the plant was replanted without following the proper rules. The root collar may be slightly deepened.

2. Also big pot may cause this problem. Correct everything, the plant will recover.

3. If the tangerine tree has been feeling fine for a long time and suddenly begins to shed its leaves, do not panic.

4. A plant at rest may shed yellowed leaves. Most often, this process occurs in the off-season. You should also reduce watering.

Fertilizers for tangerine trees

1. When thinking about how to care for a tangerine tree, do not forget about using various fertilizers in the pot. In winter, the tree does not require additional feeding at home.

2. The period from April to October is considered a suitable time for fertilizing. Mandarin oranges should be fed when the buds open and the fruits ripen. Fertilization is carried out once every 15 days. Such a complex should contain nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

3. You can buy suitable fertilizer at any gardening/flower stall. It is recommended to choose “Uniflor-bud”, the composition is designed for use at the time of flowering. "Kemira-Lux" is considered a universal drug. When the fruits ripen, it is recommended to fertilize the tree with Uniflor-rost.

4. Be sure to alternate organic and mineral preparations. Regularly prepare nutritional compositions based on bird droppings or humus. Take 1 part dry matter and 10 parts water. Leave the fertilizer for up to 4 days. Apply the composition in small portions.

5. Make it a habit to slightly moisten the soil, only after that add fertilizers. If you use purchased products, strictly follow the instructions. It is allowed to wipe the leaves with a weak solution. Don't let it hit mineral fertilizers for fruits.

It is not difficult to learn how to care for a tangerine tree in a pot. Observe simple recommendations and take the necessary measures at home. Fertilize the tree in a timely manner and do not forget to prune it.

Who would refuse their favorite citrus fruits, especially those grown with their own hands? This perennial evergreen plant is becoming increasingly popular as an indoor plant. When favorable conditions are created, it blooms and even bears fruit. At home, it reaches up to 110 cm. One can bear up to 60 tangerines, which ripen by September and remain on the branches until October.

The tangerine tree prefers a lot of light; on hot days it needs abundant watering and spraying.

Another useful property is the ability to purify the air and protect owners from various viral diseases. Unlike its “relatives” lemon and orange, this exotic feels great in an ordinary city apartment. It tirelessly pleases their inhabitants with its beautiful crown, dark green leaves and snow-white flowers with a pleasant aroma.

Growing and care

Location, lighting and temperature

The right space is the key to a future harvest. Green handsome man prefers a lot of light. The window sill of a south, south-east or south-west window will suit him. But on hot summer days it should be protected from direct sunlight by shading it with a curtain or paper. In winter, additional artificial lighting. To do this, use a phyto lamp. From June to the end of August you can have holidays. A glazed balcony or a place in the garden protected from precipitation, where the pot can be buried in the ground, is quite suitable.

The ideal temperature range is from +15 to +19. Higher rates negatively affect the flowers, and your pet may drop them. During the rest period, it is better if the thermometer drops to 11-14 degrees. A sharp change in temperature poses a significant danger. It is better to prepare it in advance for any changes.

Humidity and watering

In hot weather, leaves evaporate a lot of moisture. This can be prevented by maintaining optimal humidity levels. Will help with this regular irrigation twice a day. If this is not possible, an electric humidifier is suitable for this purpose. A tray with expanded clay will help to increase the percentage of moisture and lower the temperature; place a container on it. Experienced gardeners They recommend a little trick: in hot weather, place ice cubes around the edges of the pot.

Moisture-loving creature in warm weather “drinks” copiously and often. The appropriate amount of liquid is determined individually. The earthen ball should be completely wet. Beware of stagnation, this is fraught with rotting of the roots. Because of this, watering is significantly reduced in winter, especially if the air in the room is cool. It is carried out as the top layer of soil dries.

IN warm room from December to March the schedule remains virtually unchanged. Only settled water is suitable for this purpose. room temperature.

Choosing the right pot

Give preference medium sized flowerpot, gradually increasing the diameter of the container. For older representatives, the container is selected 2 times the length of the root system. It is necessary to have through drainage holes.

Soil and fertilizers

It is chosen for sowing seeds or transplanting seedlings, taking into account the age of the plant. Absolutely not suitable acidic soil. The needs of young representatives are different. Inexperienced flower growers are better off buying a ready-made mixture in the market. Bio-humus or soil for roses would be suitable. Fertile, nutritious and water-permeable - it is perfect for full growth and development.

But you can prepare it yourself from the following ingredients:

• turf (2 parts) and leaf (1 part) soil;
• one share of fine river sand, humus.

Light substrate helps to actively grow the root system. It is poured onto drainage layer from brick chips and expanded clay. A different composition is more suitable for an adult exotic: turf soil (40%), sand (20%), leaf soil (20%), humus (15%), fatty clay (5%). A denser composition allows you to hold required amount moisture. Thanks to this property, citrus makes full use of all nutrients, forming buds and fruits.

They begin to be introduced from April to November. Do this every 2 weeks. The most suitable are complexes containing nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus. In any flower shop point of sale a wide range is presented: Uniflor-roste (promotes the ripening of tangerines), Uniflor-budone (has a beneficial effect on flowering) and Kemira-lux (supports and nourishes). It is important to alternate regularly minerals with organic ones. If the choice fell on a natural nutrient solution, then bird droppings or cow manure would be more suitable. The dry substance is dissolved in water, then infused and then added. The plant is watered first.

When working with chemical fertilizers, you should strictly follow the instructions indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging. An excess of nutrients causes burns. Avoid contact with fruits.

Plant pruning

Occurs in the spring, before the buds open. Get rid of thin and dry twigs and yellowed foliage. Use sharp and disinfected gardening Tools. To prevent infection from passing through the cuts, they are sprinkled with crushed activated carbon. It also promotes rapid healing of damage. To form the crown oval shape excess shoots that are unable to bear fruit are pruned.

You can't do without pinching the tops of the stems. After the first flowering, only 12-13 buds are left, the rest are cut off. Otherwise they deplete the culture.

Diseases and pests, methods of combating them

And

Have the leaves begun to turn yellow, fall off, and a thin cobweb can be seen on the surface? Action should be taken quickly. First aid is to wipe the green mass with a solution of tobacco or soap. Garlic infusion shows good results. But, if the colony size is large, then only chemical agents - Actellik and Fitoverm - can cope with it. Treat with insecticides once a week, avoiding the substance getting into the soil.

Reproduction and transplantation of tangerine trees

Until the tree is 4 years old, the pot is changed frequently. This happens as soon as Bottom part plants fills the entire container. The diameter of the new one is 10 cm larger than the previous one. The first layer is drainage (about 7 cm). A layer of soil (5 cm) is poured onto it. Transplanted using the transshipment method. The tree is carefully removed from the container and placed on the prepared substrate. The missing amount of earth is added to the sides, but not to the very edge. Its level should be 2 cm lower.

If necessary, the earthen ball can be raised by adding more soil. The process is completed by lightly compacting the soil and watering.

The culture is propagated using two methods.

Seeds

Before deepening, they are soaked in water for 2 days. After they have swollen they can be transferred to the soil. The first shoots will appear in 18-20 days. But pets raised in this way cannot boast of a harvest and play the role of an ornamental crop. But with the help of vaccination this situation can be corrected.

Graft

Occurs during the period when active sap flow begins (April-May). The rootstock and scion are prepared in advance. The first term refers to a young tangerine grown from a seed at home. The second is a bud taken from a citrus tree that has already produced a harvest. The eye should have a leaf petiole. Select an area (about 7 cm from the ground) on the bark. Carefully, without touching it, make a cut on the branch measuring 1 cm in length and 2 cm in width. The kidney is inserted into it, carefully bending the sides of the incision with a knife. This place is covered with garden pitch.

The eye takes about 25 days to take root, during which it is necessary to create favorable conditions, similar to greenhouse ones.

How to choose a healthy plant in the store

If you do not have the time or desire to grow a fragrant representative of the flora yourself, then you can easily purchase an adult and already fruit-bearing tree from a nursery. Of course, such pleasure will cost a tidy sum, but in the future the gardener is only required to maintain favorable conditions.

To protect yourself from deception, it is better not to risk making a purchase on the market or from spontaneous traders. The specialized sales center is obliged to provide relevant documents confirming quality. Before purchasing, decide which variety is best suited to your conditions. It is better to choose a dwarf bush for growing on a windowsill, and a large bush for a winter garden.

In any case, it should be a healthy plant, without damage or yellowed falling leaves. Check carefully for insects.

You can grow indoor tangerines not only on the windowsill, but also in the greenhouse, on the balcony, in winter garden. With proper care, it can even bear fruit. For home cultivation, breeders have bred dwarf and low-growing varieties up to 1-1.5 m high. The tangerine tree, unlike the orange and lemon trees, is best adapted to the home microclimate.

"Domesticated" species

Not all varieties are suitable for indoor gardening. They mainly use low-growing ones, since tall plants require constant pruning. Let's look at the most popular types and their distinctive features.

Table - Indoor views tangerine tree and their features

Plants belonging to the Vasya group are suitable for home gardening. These are varieties such as Mikha-Vase, Miyagawa-Vase.

Caring for a tangerine tree: what to consider

All plants love care and attention, and the tangerine tree is no exception. To ensure that it is not only beautiful and healthy, but also bears fruit, you should adhere to several simple rules content.

Location and lighting

Culture needs good lighting. A south, south-west, south-east window is best suited. In hot weather during lunch hours better plant shade. Otherwise, it will get sunburned.

In spring, the pot can be taken out onto the balcony, veranda and even outside. We gradually accustom the plant to ultraviolet radiation, increasing the time it spends in the air. You should start with partial shade and then move to sunny places.

In winter, to extend daylight hours, we use phytolamps.

Temperature

In order for the plant to bloom profusely and set fruit, in spring and summer, indoors we set the temperature to 15-20 °C. In winter, the ideal temperature is no more than 12-14 °C. In such conditions, indoor culture will be able to rest and prepare for a period of active growth.

High temperatures can lead to leaf loss, and low temperatures can lead to slow growth.

Humidity

In spring and summer, we regularly wipe the leaves with a damp cloth or sponge. We spray with a spray bottle throughout the year. We use water at room temperature. In winter, when the heating is on, we carry out the procedures more often - several times a day. We irrigate in the early morning or late evening hours. The main thing is that the moistened leaves should not be exposed to direct sunlight.

You can increase the humidity level in the room by placing a container of water next to the pot.

Watering

We heat the water for irrigation to room temperature and let it stand. It is not recommended to use tap liquid, as it contains chlorine, salts and other substances that negatively affect the crop. To calculate the volume of water required by a tree, we take into account the following factors:

• bush size;
• pot volume;
• room temperature;
• daylight hours and lighting quality.

It is especially important to properly care for the tangerine tree during flowering. From spring to autumn, “water” the plant abundantly and often. The tangerine tree should be watered when the soil is completely dry. This is very easy to check. We take a handful of earth and squeeze it. If it crumbles, it’s time to go get the watering can. In winter, one approach every five to seven days is enough. Watering, like spraying, is carried out in the morning or evening.

Top dressing

It is better to add the first food after winter rest in April. In the future, before the onset of cold weather, fertilizer is applied once every two weeks. This regime will allow the tree to bud, bloom and bear fruit. Regular summer feeding will help avoid bitterness in the fruits. With the onset of cold weather, fertilizing is reduced or stopped altogether.

An indoor decorative tangerine tree in a pot is strengthened with special mixtures from the store intended for citrus fruits - organics or minerals. The older the bush, the more fertilizer it needs. Before feeding, we moisten the soil well. Among the folk remedies, cow dung slurry is used. But it is often available to gardeners living in rural areas.

Before using fertilizers, carefully study the manufacturer's instructions. An incorrectly calculated dose can lead to damage to the root system.

Based on reviews from gardeners, you can increase fruiting with the folk remedy “fish soup.” For 2 liters of water you need to take 200 g of small fish and cook for half an hour. Strain the broth and cool. Add to the store-bought complex mixture.

Priming

The soil for young and adult plants should be different. In both cases, be sure to make a drainage layer.

• For young plants. Mix one part at a time leaf soil and sand and two parts of turf soil. Add humus from cow manure to the composition, if available.
• For adult bushes. For the soil we take one part of leaf soil, three parts of turf, one part each of sand and humus. We also add a small amount of clay with a high percentage of fat content.

To save time, you can purchase ready-made compositions for citrus fruits, but only from trusted manufacturers.

Pinching and trimming

It is necessary to trim and pinch the tangerine tree. Thanks to the procedure, a neat and beautiful crown will be formed, and the fruits will appear faster. Branches that are weakened and unnecessary in terms of aesthetics are removed. You can get a dense crown if you carefully pinch the shoots from the top of the bush.

Young plants during the first flowering period require a special approach. It is better to remove some of the buds to preserve the vitality of the bush. If this is not done, then in the future the plant will produce little fruit. In addition, the fewer flowers, the larger the fruits will be.

Transfer

For young bushes it is better to change the pot every year. The root system is constantly developing, so it needs more free space. If the roots do not entwine the soil ball, then leave the plant alone. But in this case, we replace the top soil layer and drainage.

Features of caring for a tangerine tree with fruits include replanting it to a new place every two to three years. Bushes over five to six years old do not need to change the container.

To safely transplant a tangerine tree means to try not to destroy the soil ball entwined with roots.

Reproduction: 2 ways

The plant can be propagated using seeds, cuttings and supplemented with grafting. The method in most cases is selected taking into account the age of the bush.

Seeds

Peculiarities . Growing a tangerine tree from a seed is not difficult, but you will have to wait 10-15 years for flowering and fruits, or you may not even wait at all. Fruiting can be accelerated by grafting to the young mandarin a twig from an adult fruiting bush. The seedling to which a twig is grafted is called a rootstock. And the cutting itself from the fruiting plant is a scion.

Algorithm of actions

1. The simplest option is to plant the seeds immediately wet soil without preliminary preparation. Either place the seeds in gauze, moisten it with water or weak solution potassium permanganate. Instead of gauze, you can use hydrogel, which retains moisture well. Place it on a plate and mix with the seeds.
2. Place gauze or hydrogel with seeds into the soil.
3. After the first leaf appears, we replant it by transshipment (without destroying the earthen ball with roots) into a flowerpot.
4. We grow from one to three years. The bush will be ready for grafting when the trunk diameter reaches at least 6 mm. Then we move on to the vaccination procedure. The optimal period is from April to May.
5. As a scion, we cut a twig one or two years old from a healthy, fruit-bearing bush. We remove leaf plates and thorns from the cuttings.
6. We make a cut in the shape of the letter “T” on the rootstock. This is where we insert the cutting.
7. We wrap the grafting site with electrical tape. We create Greenhouse effect using a plastic bag or plastic container.
8. After about 21 days, shoots should appear from the buds. We gradually accustom them to the microclimate of the room - remove the polyethylene or plastic container. Remove the fixing bandage.
9. We cut off at an angle that part of the rootstock stem that remains above the grafted cutting. We treat the area with coal.
10. We tie young plant to the stick so that it grows vertically. If the grafting is successful, the new plant will bloom throughout the year.

If the scion turns yellow on the rootstock and falls off, then the grafting failed. You will need to repeat the procedure.

Cuttings

Peculiarities . The method is more popular, since a plant grown from a cutting of an adult bush will bloom and bear fruit within a year, maximum two.

Algorithm of actions

1. Cut the stalk and place it in a container with water.
2. Create a greenhouse effect - cover the cuttings plastic bag or a plastic bottle. Rooting may take two to three months.
3. Replant into a pot when roots appear.

For better rooting and growth stimulation, you can treat the cuttings with Gibberellin.

Pests

The citrus tree, like other indoor crops, is susceptible to insect attack. In the fight against them we use both folk remedies, and store products.

Red spider mite

Red dots appear on the stems. With severe damage, pests are visible, forming an almost invisible web. They appear in dry, hot microclimates. We fight with the help of two folk remedies.

1. Tobacco dust. Dissolve one tablespoon of dust in boiled water and leave for six hours. Add 10 g of soap to the mixture. Treatment: spray the bush three times every six to seven days.
2. Garlic . Infuse a clove of garlic in a glass of boiled water for two days. We carry out the procedure as with tobacco dust.

If we use store-bought insecticides, then before spraying we carefully study the instructions or first consult with the seller.

Mealybug

Sticky white spots appear on the leaves. It is much more difficult to notice on the roots. The main symptom is that the foliage dries out and falls off. Most effective remedy– soap solution. We spray once every six to seven days. The procedure should consist of three approaches.

Shchitovka

A sign of scale insects is a dried out bush with yellowed leaves. Growths form Brown. The main reason is dry, unventilated air. We use two treatment methods.

1. Mechanical cleaning. We remove insects ourselves using a toothbrush or gauze. We wash the place where the pot is located with a solution of soap.
2. Spraying with solution. Mix one teaspoon of machine oil, two tablespoons of washing powder, a little crushed laundry soap with a glass of water. Spray the leaves and branches with the solution. After four hours, rinse with water. We repeat the procedure at least three times a month.

Before spraying, protect the soil from the solution by covering it with polyethylene.

Problems

In addition to pests, the plant is susceptible to diseases associated with improper care. Here are the four most common symptoms:

1. Rust spots. The reason is improper watering. We regulate the moisture supply.
2. Shriveled leaves. A large amount of ultraviolet radiation is to blame. We shade the bush.
3. Small and drying bushes. The reason is a lack of fertilizers. We add minerals and vitamins.
4. Leaves fall on the tangerine tree. If this is an adult plant, then there is no need to worry, as this is a sign of “old age”. In young bushes, the leaves turn yellow and fall off due to an excess of light and a lack of nitrogen.

If symptoms appear, we are reviewing the conditions for raising a pet, otherwise it may die.

Knowing how to care for a tangerine tree, you can grow it on a windowsill solar plant, the fruits of which have a lot of useful properties. It is known that the fruit has phytoncidal properties that suppress the activity of microbes and can alleviate the condition of dysentery or diarrhea. Fresh juice is even able to destroy some types of fungi in skin diseases.