How to properly insulate a garden house. Insulating a garden house - proper thermal insulation for living in winter Insulate a garden house from the inside

A country house is a structure that is initially designed only for summer use, therefore, during its construction, insufficient attention is paid to thermal insulation measures. If necessary, its use in cold period the question arises, how to insulate country house, intended for winter living.

Why insulate

Insulating your dacha will help you save on heating costs in winter

Modern systems heating can be created in the room desired temperature, so why is it necessary to carry out additional measures. Insulation country house will allow the owner to solve the following problems:

• high heating costs;
• the appearance of condensation on the walls and ceiling;
• violation of the operating conditions of structures and their destruction.

If during the cold season there is a positive temperature inside the house, but its enclosing structures are not insulated enough, this will lead to many problems, which are easier to prevent than to fix with your own hands.

Materials for thermal insulation

Market building materials offers a huge range of types and manufacturers thermal insulation materials It’s easy to get lost in this diversity. The choice depends on the location of the thermal insulation and the wishes of the home owner. The main heat insulators include:

1. Mineral wool. Available in the form of mats (rolls) and rigid slabs. The first option is suitable for walls and floors along joists, the second for walls, floors, and roofs. The advantages include non-flammability, high efficiency, durability, resistance to rot and mold. The disadvantage is the ability to absorb moisture. It is important to remember that when working with this material you need to use masks, gloves and protective clothing. Neglecting safety measures will lead to cotton particles getting on the skin and into the lungs, and ultimately to irritation and allergic reactions.
2. Styrofoam. The material is made of polystyrene. It is a slab of small balls filled with air. An undeniable advantage was low cost material and availability. There are quite a lot of disadvantages. These include flammability, inability to allow air to pass through (the house will need additional ventilation), low strength and instability to simultaneous exposure to moisture and low temperatures. Suitable for do-it-yourself insulation of walls (it is recommended not to use outside), ceilings (better for insulation from below), and attic roofs.
3. Extruded polystyrene foam (penoplex). The material is similar to foam, but is an improved version of it. It is low flammable, has increased strength and moisture resistance. Disadvantages include airtightness. Suitable for insulating walls and floors (both between floors and on the ground).
4. Expanded clay. Inexpensive material. Compared to the previous three, it does not have high efficiency. It is small granules of baked clay, free-flowing. The disadvantages include high thermal conductivity and a large mass. Suitable for insulating floors (at the same time leveling the surface).

There are also a number of less common materials, these include:

• polyurethane foam;
• ecowool (insulation mats made of flax);
• penoizol (foamed polymer resin);
• isokom (foil material);
• sawdust.

How best to insulate

After choosing a heat insulator, you need to decide on the method of insulation. Do-it-yourself insulation of a house for winter living can be done using two methods:

• outside;
• from the inside.

Insulation country house from the inside is relevant in the following cases:

• work is carried out in winter, when it is not comfortable to perform operations outdoors;
• you must not touch the façade of the building or disturb its decoration;
• insulation of walls at a sufficiently high height.

It is important to remember that insulating the outside with your own hands is more correct from a technical point of view.

Protecting your home from cold air helps prevent the effects of cold on bearing structures and extend their service life.

Insulation technology

It all depends on the location of the structure that needs to be protected. In the case of a country house for living in winter, the following elements need thermal insulation with your own hands:

• floors on the ground;
• floors of the first floor with a cold basement;
• exterior walls;
• attic floor in a cold attic;
• attic roof.

It is necessary to consider each of these cases separately.

Insulation of floors on the ground

The event may be required if the building has a basement that is planned to be used as warm room and install heating there. For of this event Two types of thermal insulation materials are suitable:

• extruded polystyrene foam;
• expanded clay gravel.

If expanded clay is used, then the work is performed in the following order:

• compact the foundation soil by compaction;
• fill with coarse or medium sand (the thickness depends on the characteristics of the soil, it is approximately 30 cm);
• expanded clay is poured (thickness approximately 30-50 cm depending on the climatic region of construction);
• lay a layer of waterproofing;
• concrete subfloor is poured.

If a decision is made to insulate with penoplex, work is carried out in the following sequence:

• compact the soil;
• make a backfill from sand or crushed stone;
• pour the footing;
• lay waterproofing;
• foam layer;
• reinforcing mesh;
• pouring a rough concrete floor.

For floors on the ground, it will be more economical and easier to use expanded clay. It is important to choose the right thickness depending on the outside temperature during the cold period.

Ceiling above the basement and attic

Laying insulation on top can be done in two ways:

• between lags;
• under the screed.

The choice depends on constructive solution ceiling and floor pie. Laying along joists is suitable for houses with beamed floors. In this case, almost any type of heat insulator can be used:

• polystyrene foam and penoplex;
• mineral wool (slabs and mats);
• expanded clay and sawdust;
• polyurethane foam and penoizol;
• ecowool.

Laying under the screed requires the material increased strength. Here it is better to stop at:

• mineral wool slabs;
• penoplex;
• expanded clay.

When installing along joists, beams are first installed under the flooring, then waterproofing is laid between them (in the case of insulating the attic from the outside, a vapor barrier is installed). Next, thermal insulation is laid into the space.

If insulation is laid under the screed, then the work is carried out in this way:

• waterproofing is laid on the leveled and cleaned base (again, in the case of protecting the attic with your own hands from the outside - a vapor barrier);
• lay insulation (for penoplex, the distances between the plates are provided);
• when insulating from the outside, it is necessary to provide waterproofing, when insulating from the inside - a vapor barrier;
• lay the reinforcing mesh;
• pour the screed.

The second option for insulation is from the ceiling. It is undesirable for the attic floor, since the thermal insulation is located on the warm air side. For basement floors, insulation from outside is more correct option, but extremely labor-intensive. To secure the heat insulator, wooden slats or adhesives are used.

Wall insulation

Conducted from the inside and outside. When fixing the heat insulator with your own hands from the side of the facade, the work is performed in the following order:

• clean the wall from dust and dirt;
• fix waterproofing;
• install a frame for insulation;
• lay thermal insulation;
• wind protection is attached to the insulation layer;
• perform external cladding.

It is important to remember that for materials such as mineral wool and ecowool, it is necessary to provide a ventilated layer on the outside between the heat insulator and the outer cladding, 5-10 cm thick. Attaching heat-insulating materials to the wall depends on the type chosen.

When installing thermal insulation from the inside, follow this order:

• cleaning the surface from dust and dirt;
• fixing waterproofing;
• installation of insulation;
• vapor barrier;
• interior decoration premises.

Mansard roof

The most common insulation option is rigid boards mineral wool. Work order:

• installation of the rafter system;
• securing waterproofing and wind protection;
• installation of a counter-lattice (needed to provide a ventilation gap between the mineral wool and roofing covering, for free movement of air, gaps are provided in the counter-lattice);
• installation of sheathing;
• laying roofing material;
• installation of heat insulation slabs between the rafters;
• vapor barrier;
• bottom sheathing;
• ceiling trim.

For the convenience of laying mineral wool, the pitch of the rafters is taken so that there is 58 or 118 cm of clearance between them. After thermal insulation of the roof, the insulation of the house is completed.

How to insulate garden house DIY IR
Carry out everything thermal insulation work For living in winter, you should do it when it’s warm outside - in this case, you will insulate your country house inexpensively and efficiently.
Insulation materials summer house
Mineral and cellulose insulation materials require high-quality insulation from moisture. Mineral insulation is used primarily to protect the facades and floors of the house from the cold. Mineral wool has been used in construction for many years in our country; it has proven itself only in the best possible way. Cellulose insulation materials are mainly represented by ecowool.
Penoplex or expanded polystyrene are necessary for insulating facades and insulating the foundations of houses. Penoplex is a durable slab insulation material that is resistant to moisture, fire, rodents and insects (which is important for country house). Polystyrene foam, on the contrary, is susceptible to burning, it is favored by rodents, but at the same time it is the most inexpensive and popular insulation in Russia, among developers.
For mineral insulation, the layer thickness should be 1 centimeter. For more porous insulation, the layer thickness should increase to 15 centimeters.
Requirements for materials for insulation
Mineral insulation needs to be compacted; after pressing by hand, the material returns to its original state. Thermal insulation in mats should not be loosened. As we have already mentioned, roll insulation absorbs moisture, so they should be carefully covered with a vapor barrier on both sides.
Selecting materials for insulation

Since small rodents often infest garden houses, and due to infrequent heating the house often freezes, forming condensation and frost on the walls, the house needs insulation that is resistant to humidity and rodents. Penoplex meets these characteristics 100 percent; it is not without reason that I use it when insulating the foundations of houses.
Insulation of the floor and foundation
The comfort of the house will depend to a large extent on the design of the floor. More often this is one row of boards laid on joists; linoleum, chipboard or fiberboard is laid on the floorboards. Through such floors, cold penetrates from the ground and even heat in the room will not help protect your feet from freezing if the floor is not insulated.
If the house is built on strip foundation, then in the base there are usually vents - holes for ventilation of the underground. For the winter, the vents must be closed with a piece of insulation or an unnecessary rag. With the arrival of warmth, the vents should be opened.
If with how to insulate the foundation garden house everything is clear, then let's take care of the floor. To insulate it, it should be removed flooring. Insulation of a wooden floor in a country house should be done by installing joists and laying insulation between them. After which the entire structure is covered with a subfloor - plywood or OSB.
External insulation of the foundation with foam plastic, penoplex

In this case, a trench is dug around the perimeter of the house at 0.5 m. The foundation is covered bitumen mastic and covered with thermal insulation boards using special glue. If the material absorbs, it should be protected from dampness with waterproofing. But it is best to use moisture-proof material and insulate the foundation wooden house outside with penoplex.
Next, the trench is filled with sand, the blind area is filled with concrete or paving stones are laid.
Insulation of the foundation in wooden house from the inside
Internal insulation is cheaper, but there is no protection of the foundation from freezing, which can lead to deformation and cracking of concrete. Internal thermal insulation The basement can be laid with polystyrene foam, expanded polystyrene, expanded clay or mineral wool. You need to apply a layer of plaster on top of the insulation or make your own sheathing from fiberboard or chipboard sheets.
Insulation of the foundation of a private house with expanded clay from the inside

If a private house on columnar foundation is just being built, it is recommended to immediately backfill the house with thermal insulation material to the floor level. Such backfill for winter insulation can be done in an old house with a shallow strip foundation.
The earth should be covered under the entire house in an even layer. Expanded clay can only be placed along walls up to half a meter wide.
Insulation of the foundation of a private house from the inside with mineral wool
If the floor is concrete, then waterproofing is first done, and then filled with expanded clay or polystyrene foam slabs are laid. Before filling in expanded clay or laying mineral wool, you can make logs on which you can lay the subfloor. This technology is used when laying Knauf floors.
Do not forget that mineral insulation should be protected with a vapor barrier on both sides. Stow roll insulation should be close to the joists; for this, the distance between the bars is made 1-1.5 cm less than the width of the insulation. When laying slab insulation all cracks must be treated with foam.
Insulation of the ceiling, attic

Insulation of the roof is important, because about 10% of the heat escapes through the ceiling. When choosing insulation, you need to consider climatic features, materials must be durable, fire-resistant and non-toxic. It is advisable to use for insulating the attic of a garden house stone wool or bulk insulation.
In a country house, you can use inexpensive, but effective insulation, which has been used since ancient times by our ancestors for living in winter. As a cheap material, you can use sawdust mixed with earth, expanded clay or moss - natural eco-friendly materials.
Moss is resistant to rotting, absorbs steam and dries instantly; thanks to these properties, it is still used to insulate walls in baths and saunas. Moss does not cake and does not lose thermal insulation properties with time. Buildings that are independently insulated with moss are always dry and there is no musty smell.
All insulation should be laid on the attic side on a layer of vapor barrier so that it does not absorb moisture from the warm air. You can lay a subfloor on top of the insulation yourself, so that if necessary, you can walk through the attic, and also protect the material from blowing, rodents or birds.
Insulation of facade and walls
The first method, the so-called wet facade"- the insulation is attached with glue to the facade, a reinforcing mesh is glued onto it and two layers of plaster are applied, followed by painting. The second method, “insulation under siding” - thermal insulation is attached using a frame and guides, then sheathed vinyl siding or PVC panels.
If the “wet facade” is suitable only for block and brick walls, then you can insulate the walls of a garden house with your own hands under siding from any material. The choice of insulation in this case depends only on your financial capabilities or personal preferences.
Insulation of windows and doors

After self-insulation country house, many people forget to insulate the front door and windows through which the most heat escapes. Windows in houses are often wooden; they require careful insulation for the winter - drafts from cracks in the windows take away heat. Be sure to inspect the areas where the windows meet the slopes.
Check for any gaps between the frame and the glass, apply silicone sealant and replace the beads if necessary. If there are gaps between the frame, it is better to foam them. But in order to minimize heat loss, it is recommended to install plastic windows with two- or three-chamber double-glazed windows.
It’s good if there is a vestibule, then there will be no strong drafts from the street, but still street door It is recommended to insulate and sheathe the house with insulation. To insulate the door of a garden house, you can use dermantin, foam rubber and furniture nails. Door insulation with dermantine is the most inexpensive way which everyone can do

With the onset of cold weather, many summer residents who decided to winter period admire the beauty of nature outside the city, they are seriously thinking about proper insulation its own, which will greatly increase its heat energy efficiency. Since these works are now not cheap, and the materials sometimes have exorbitant prices, we bring to your attention information that you can use to insulate your dacha yourself.

Yes, you can more thoroughly begin to insulate your country house, for example, install heating, all kinds of heated floors, etc. BUT... this is increasingly possible to do when the house is just being built or even earlier - when drawing up a project for a country house, where it will be obligatory All necessary communications are in order. What should those summer residents do who have recently bought a house in which heating system not provided at all?

Using our tips, you can quickly, efficiently and inexpensively make your country house warm!

So, insulating a country house: where to start?

The first step is to carefully examine your entire house and study all the places through which heat can escape from your home. If not detected in time and subsequently not eliminated this problem, then, in this case, even the most expensive and high-quality heating system will not be able to sufficiently heat your home and make living in it as comfortable as possible!

We will engage in a set of measures that will help us properly organize energy saving in your home.

The most popular materials used for insulating houses are mineral wool and expanded polystyrene.

By insulating the entire house from the outside with these materials, you can achieve an excellent energy-saving effect. However, this pleasure does not come cheap! No problem, take up external insulation gradually. Even if this procedure takes you a year and a half, you will definitely be satisfied with the final result!

• We create a strong frame, it is also called lathing, with the help of which we will strengthen the insulation around the country house;
• Treat the walls of the country house with any antiseptic intended for these purposes;
• The time has come to protect the insulation using wind insulation or vapor barrier (the technology for using one or the other insulator depends on the selected insulation material);
• Provide a frame for exterior finishing and, cover everything with siding;
• Thoroughly plaster the insulated wall.

Many novice “builders” believe that the thicker the foam, the better thermal insulation in the house! This is a wrong opinion! In fact, high-quality thermal insulation will be ensured by strict adherence to technological process insulation of walls, according to all existing rules.

Many summer residents argue among themselves about how best to insulate their summer house: from the outside or from the inside?

Let's not get into arguments - in the end, every point of view has the right to exist! We note that interior wall decoration with any insulation will definitely take some time. usable space premises, but the external one will not affect the space at all, but will certainly entail somewhat higher monetary costs!

As always and everywhere, it’s up to you to decide which side you will use to insulate your country house.

The most affordable and popular upholstery insulation for the interior of your home is mineral wool. Today we will look at her example detailed instructions insulating the inside of the house with your own hands.

• Initially, we make a frame (metal from profiles, or wooden from slats). When making the frame, you should take into account the width of the mineral wool roll; the wool should fit easily but tightly between the slats or profiles.
• Place mineral wool between the profiles;
• Cover the walls with OSB boards, subsequently they can be easily covered with stain or painted in any desired color. Even more popular finishing material is drywall. It is easy to attach, wallpaper, tiles, lining, paint and many other finishing materials lie smoothly on it.

The bulk of cold air enters the room through the door when it is opened and closed. However, it often happens that the doors do not fit tightly to the container, multiple cracks appear through which cold air gets into the house, and the heat constantly leaves.

To avoid such heat loss, we suggest that you insulate the entrance doors of your dacha.

Here are several materials successfully used as insulation:

Rubber pasting (glued on the pan on all four sides);
Felt (also laid and nailed along the edge of the door).

These methods are successfully used if your doors are made of wood, but what should those summer residents who installed metal ones do?

For metal doors We suggest insulating the door leaf itself.

How can you insulate a metal door?

• Cut a few wooden beams(2 – 3 pcs.). The length of the beams should be equal to the width of your front door. We fasten the beams to the door with through bolts, and the heads of the bolts should be on the outer side of the door;
• We tightly insert sheets of foam plastic between the beams, by surprise;
• Cover the insulation with OSB sheet the right size(we cut it exactly to the size of the door), screw the sheet with self-tapping screws to the wooden beams.

That's all the insulation is! Thanks to your efforts, now not only will cold air not be able to penetrate into your home, but warm air will not find a single crack through which it can slip out. The house will maintain a stable, comfortable temperature!

Windows, as well as doors, can become conductors of cold air into your room. In order to protect yourself from such “unauthorized” penetration, you should take some measures, namely:

• We identify windows with broken or cracked glass and we replace the glass in them with new and intact ones;
• Using “old-fashioned” putty, we carefully cover the cracks in the places where the glass meets the wood. By the way, newfangled sealants are also able to cope with this task!;
• We thoroughly paint the frames and thereby further reduce the chance of cold air entering;
• Checking for drafts underneath window frames, sealant will also help us eliminate them.

However, if the gaps are too large, then it is better to use mounting foam, or just carefully plaster the data problem areas followed by their coloring.
In such cases, our grandfathers also used cotton wool, folded newspaper, foam rubber for insulation and sealed it all with special paper using ordinary laundry soap!

Modern technologies have given us double-glazed windows that are conveniently inserted and provide the living space with the necessary heat and sound insulation. But this pleasure is not cheap!

Warm floors are the key to the health of every household!

There are many different methods for insulating a floor with your own hands. This includes the use of expanded clay and the laying of pipes under the floor hot water, And. one of the most easily accessible and cheapest is insulation with foam plates.

Let's consider the method of floor insulation using polystyrene foam:

It is placed on an existing floor screed wooden frame, corresponding to the size of the foam plates;
We tightly insert the foam plastic boards into the resulting wooden frame (foam plastic can also be crushed and filled, broken and cut, but best way, after all, the first one is to tightly lay the foam plates in the grooves);
Lay on top of the insulation floorboard, or, in the absence of it, OSB sheets(they can be painted, or linoleum can be laid over them, also with or without insulation, depending on your finances).

Insulating the floor of a country house is no longer difficult for you, since you have already completed good workout on the walls of the dacha, the entrance doors!

We all went to school and know that warm air necessarily rises, and cold air, on the contrary, falls down. It follows that insulating the ceiling, or even the attic of your country house, should occupy a very important place in the insulation of all rooms of a country house.

Again, materials such as polystyrene foam and mineral wool are often used as insulation (for attic spaces). Technologies for insulating a ceiling or attic are not particularly different from insulating the walls or floor of a building. Distinctive feature It is desirable (but not obligatory) to use galvanized metal profiles as a frame, between which foam boards will be laid and on which, using self-tapping screws, drywall will be fixed.

When using mineral wool as insulation, be sure to use safety glasses and gloves.

We insulate the dacha with our own hands, video

You have already theoretically familiarized yourself with all the stages of insulating each part of the house, all that remains is to consolidate the information received with a video tutorial and immediately begin. Therefore, we bring to your attention our video, which will further reveal to you the “secrets” of construction and help you carry out it yourself insulation work at his dacha.

When using a country house not only in the summer season, but also in cold times, it becomes necessary to insulate it.

To solve this problem, you need to answer two main questions: where does the heat leak occur and how to more effectively insulate a country house?

Causes of heat loss

It is not difficult to determine the cause of heat loss. It usually escapes through poorly insulated walls, roofs, floors, windows and various cracks.

Experts suggest insulating the dacha not only from the outside, but also from the inside.

Material selection

There are a number of requirements for thermal insulation materials.

The insulation must have low thermal conductivity, good hygroscopicity, fire safety and environmental cleanliness.

It is necessary that the material reliably prevents heat exchange between the external and internal parts walls, well protected the structure from the inside.


Today, mineral wool based on basalt or fiberglass is widely used as insulation. If the ventilation of the house is properly equipped, moisture will not be a problem for this material.

New products are constantly appearing on the construction products market. high-quality insulation do-it-yourself dachas. For example:

• insulation made of flax fiber - the material is produced in slabs, is easy to cut, does not change shape, is environmentally friendly, has good antiseptic properties;
• ecowool is a sprayed loose heat insulator consisting of recycled cellulose with the addition of antiseptics and fire retardants;
• soft fiberboard (fibreboard) – environmentally friendly pure material, they can immediately strengthen walls.

How and with what to insulate is a matter of taste and good choice. The main thing is that the country house is reliably protected from the winter cold.

Roof

If installed incorrectly, a roof can “steal” more than 10% of the heat spent on heating the house.

When choosing thermal insulation for a roof, pay attention to the service life, which depends on many external factors: fluctuations in temperature, precipitation (especially snow), wind strength and direction. Special attention Pay attention to the water resistance of the material. Isolation must also be safe for health. The first sign of safe insulation is the absence of a sharp, pungent odor.

Roof insulation polymer materials- Not The best decision. They ignite very easily and quickly, so increased fire safety measures will have to be taken.

Walls

Insulation of walls is the main stage of work, since they occupy the main area of ​​​​any building and have the highest heat transfer.

Surface preparation

Before insulation wooden walls Be sure to clean the entire surface of dirt. Carefully treat the walls from the inside special solutions and aerosols that will protect the wood from insects. Then caulk all the gaps using dry tow and a thin chisel.

Insulation

Jute fabric is very suitable as a heat insulator for walls. It is quickly and easily laid with a construction stapler, does not rot, is not blown away by the wind and is not of interest to moths. Tow and jute fiber have low thermal conductivity due to their capillary structure and easily release moisture. In addition, as bactericidal materials, they successfully resist the spread of fungus.

It is not recommended to use improvised materials to insulate the walls of a country house: felt, batting, wool. They accumulate moisture abundantly. As a result, the process of rotting quickly begins, and moths are sure to appear in the wool.

Window

After insulating the walls, we move on to the windows. They also lead to significant heat loss, so close attention should be paid to windows, especially if the design is outdated.

Cleaning and waterproofing

The frames of the house should be thoroughly cleaned of dust, cracked glass should be replaced, and the gaps between the walls and frames should be sealed.

For high-quality insulation you will need silicone sealant in a special pistol. It reliably protects joints from the inside from fungi and mold.


Suitable polyurethane foam. However, it quickly deteriorates from the sun and is not entirely aesthetically pleasing. If you choose foam, you will have to take measures to protect it from ultraviolet rays.

D-profile tape

Then you need to glue the sealing tape. D-profile tape is best suited. It effectively closes gaps up to 7 mm. For a more secure fixation, you can secure the tape with nails or staples.

Film on glass and insulation of slopes

To maximize the insulation of windows, cover them with heat-saving film. This material is applied directly to the glass. When laying the film there should be no folds, swelling or bubbles. Carefully done work will help save more than 30% of heat.

Don't forget about insulating the slopes. For this you can use various materials, for example, polyethylene foam or mineral wool. The insulation is fixed to the slopes using glue.

Floor

There are many modern materials for floor insulation. The main thing is that the inside of the country house is as dry as possible.

Styrofoam

Expanded polystyrene does not absorb moisture, is durable, strong, good antiseptic. It is convenient to work with such material because it does not change the original volume.

Minvata

Mineral wool is sold in various options: rolls, slabs, mats. Low density, ecological cleanliness, wear resistance, relatively low price - its main advantages.

Penofol

The new material penofol has already proven its effectiveness the best side and gained popularity. It is sold in rolls consisting of a layer of foil and insulation. Most often, the base is foamed polyethylene.

Requirements for insulation

When choosing a material for insulating a dacha floor with your own hands, do not look for the cheapest options and be sure to remember that the insulation must be:

• environmentally friendly, safe for health;
• excellent heat insulator;
• durable.

Floor insulation methods

There are several ways to insulate the floor of a country house.

Double floor

The bottom layer of rough boards is carefully attached directly to the beams. A “finish” coating is laid on the “rough” structure.

Wooden logs are installed on the foundation in increments of 0.5–1 m or cut into the frame. Next, the “rough” floor is laid. Free space filled with thermal insulation. Quite a simple and effective way.


You can insulate the floor using joists installed on brick columns. Any insulation: mineral wool, fiberglass, polystyrene foam or other suitable material. The distance between the finished floor and the ground increases. The work does not require builder experience and can be easily done with your own hands. With this option insulating material does not experience any load, which makes the method of insulating a wooden floor using joists ideal.

Insulation of a country house

How to properly insulate a dacha to minimize heat loss

Insulation of the walls, floor and ceiling of a country house is relevant due to rising energy prices, which implies a decrease in savings due to significant heat losses from the premises of country houses.

Insulated Vacation home will ensure a comfortable stay in it, both on warm summer days and in cold winter.

Insulating a country house from the inside with your own hands means, using the most suitable insulation materials, thermally insulating the entire room, including walls, ceiling and floor.

It is first necessary to calculate the required amount of insulation, taking into account the dimensions of the walls, ceiling and floor of the room. In order for a heat insulator to efficiently insulate a country house from the inside, the thickness of the material used as flooring must be taken into account. The most inexpensive materials are mineral wool and polystyrene foam boards.

Drawing of wall insulation for a country house.

The reliability and safety of materials that can be used to insulate a country wooden house should be the main characteristics necessary to preserve human health. Thermal insulation for a wooden house should not have bad influence and on environment. In order for the materials to insulate the dacha premises most profitably and economically, when carrying out all the work with your own hands, you should keep in mind that:

1. Heat loss through the surfaces of external wall structures is at least 40%.
2. Part of the heat loss occurs through window designs, the share of total losses is about 20%.
3. From 5 to 10 percent of the heat is lost through the floor and ceiling with the roof.
4. The ventilation system and doors of a country house can let through about 20% of the total heat volume.

Thus, the greatest heat loss occurs through the walls of a wooden and any other house. Therefore, it is very important to insulate both inside and outside the house. A house insulated from the outside is protected from the formation of condensation occurring in the internal layers of insulation. Otherwise, the heat insulator will lose its quality characteristics.

The principle of doing work with your own hands is the same for any type country houses, including wooden ones. Insulation will reduce heat loss in the living space of a country house by half.

What materials and tools are needed to insulate a dacha?

Diagram of the installation of an insulated wall of a country house.

The choice of material for insulating the dacha inside and outside will be determined climatic conditions in the region of residence. Mineral wool can be used to insulate a country house if the outside temperature is not lower than 35 o C in winter. The highest quality mineral wool is produced using rocks(basalt, dolomite, limestone, etc.), therefore it has a low level of hygroscopicity and fire resistance. It is also distinguished by its durability.

Polystyrene foam is good because, being an insulator, it is light due to the high air content in its structure. It can be easily cut and fixed, and is an excellent sound insulator. It is created from various types of plastics.

Penoizol is liquid foam. The main advantage of this material is its low cost. Filling any spaces and cracks from inside the premises of a country house, it will serve for a long time reliable protection by cold.

Previously, ecowool was not insulated in country houses, so it is a newer insulator, unlike all the above materials. Ecowool - environmentally friendly and cheap option, which is becoming increasingly popular. It is better to entrust its dry installation to specialists, since it can cause an allergic reaction due to the formation large quantity suspended dust.

So, insulation of a dacha should be done using materials such as:

1. Expanded clay.
2. Insulation - mineral wool, ecowool, penoizol or polystyrene foam.
3. Ruberoid or glassine for waterproofing.
4. Ceresit glue.
5. Wooden slats for attaching waterproofing.
6. Chipboard for covering.
7. Waterproofing and vapor barrier film(not to be confused with windproof).
8. Superdiffusion membrane.
9. Galvanized fasteners.
10. Metal mesh.

To insulate a country house with your own hands, it will be enough to prepare the following types tools:

1. Hacksaw.
2. Hammer.
3. Bench knife.
4. Jigsaw (electric jigsaw).
5. Screwdriver.
6. Bulgarian.
7. Fasteners - nails, self-tapping screws or self-tapping screws.
8. Double-sided tape.
9. Construction foam.

Thermal insulation can be purchased in the form of a roll or slab.

How to properly insulate a country house from the inside

Features of floor insulation of country houses

Diagram of materials for insulating walls from the inside.

In order to properly insulate the floor of a country house with your own hands, you need to know the technology of flooring work different types. The insulation process for a stone floor is more labor-intensive than the work associated with laying insulation for wooden floors.

To perform work related to insulation:

1. Stone floor - you will need the ability to screed the floor. For this purpose, expanded clay is used, having previously prepared the surface of the floor indoors in the country. Before filling the floor with expanded clay, one of the types is laid on the floor roll materials, that is, glassine or roofing felt. When expanded clay is already covered on top with a layer of the required thickness, it is compacted, thereby preventing capillary leakage of moisture from occurring. A layer of expanded clay is used as a heat insulator; it is covered with a polyethylene film, covering all joints with glue. After this it is filled in concrete screed and the floor is covered with a special coating when it dries. The most economical coating used is chipboard or chipboard.
2. Wooden floors - use a special, most suitable insulation. Similar to the insulation work for a stone floor, it is pre-coated with roofing felt or glassine. After this, installation is carried out using logs wooden sheathing. The insulation is laid between the joists. Insulation of a wooden floor is carried out with mineral wool, but not with polystyrene foam, which absolutely cannot be used. Chipboard is used as a covering; linoleum or other material can be placed on top.
3. Floors on the ground - a layer of crushed stone is poured, which is then compacted so that it is about 10 centimeters. After this, sand is poured and compacted in a layer whose thickness will be the same number of centimeters. Then they are laid with mineral wool or polystyrene boards for thermal insulation. Protection against moisture is provided by using waterproofing film, which is the second protective layer. With its help, the insulation is preserved, which can no longer lose everything necessary qualities. After this, installation is carried out metal mesh, the thickness of the concrete screed should be about 50 mm. After the concrete has completely hardened, the bedding material is laid.

Insulation of the ceiling and walls of a country house

Scheme for insulating the roof of a country house.

Before you start insulating the walls of a country or private house, they are leveled. Brick walls new buildings are plastered and covered with a primer after drying completely, then they must be puttied. If it is necessary to insulate the walls of a house that was built a long time ago, they are cleaned of old wallpaper or paint. They identify various wall defects, cracks and chips, eliminating them. Then work is carried out on plastering, priming and putty. Before attaching the foam plastic, a waterproofing underlay is made on the walls. This is necessary to prevent condensation from forming in the event of a temperature change, otherwise the insulation will rot in three years. Foam plastic, like penoplex, is attached to special Ceresit glue; dowels and screws are used less and less. The glue is applied only to the surface of the wall. Insulation sheets must be perfectly clean. The entire procedure will take 2 to 3 days. After this, to protect the insulation from moisture, a vapor barrier material is laid on the walls.

To insulate the ceiling for waterproofing, take glassine and roll it out onto horizontal surface to cut correctly. Cut 4-6 cm from the edge of the glassine sheets and attach them to the ceiling beams using wooden slats and nails or screws. Then the foam is cut and laid as tightly as possible. The minimum gap can be 0.8-1 cm. After filling the voids construction foam lay another layer of waterproofing. When laying mineral wool slabs, they should similarly fill the entire space between the beams.

You can also lay a second layer of mineral wool if the height of the beams allows, taking into account the directions of the fibers of the second layer perpendicular to the first. After the ceiling is insulated, a wooden floor is laid in the attic. Boards are nailed to ceiling beams. The ceiling will be reliably insulated, and you can safely walk around the attic.

Insulation of the outside of a country house

Scheme of wall insulation with foam plastic.

If the country house is planned to be covered with siding, then the work will necessarily involve insulating the walls of the house from the outside. Insulation is carried out using universal slabs, which can be bought on the market or in a building materials store for a reasonable price. low prices. Minimum size the thickness of the slabs is 100 mm. Insulation technology involves installing slabs in a specially prepared frame. This is a structure made from vertical racks having a pitch of more than 50 cm, fixed with outside walls of a country house. After the layer of insulation and waterproofing, a superdiffusion membrane is laid, that is windproof film. Through this film, wall steam is released from the outer surface of the walls of the house, which extends its service life.

After all insulation work has been completed, siding is used as facing material. It will help make the facade of the house more attractive, while at the same time being an economical option.