Installation of pitched roofing. Roof construction technology - types of roofs, roofing materials, installation rules What does a pitched roof consist of?

To choose suitable design pitched roof, you need to take into account a number of features of a particular area, select roofing material and a method of insulating the under-roof space. It is also necessary to take care of ventilation, proper drainage and further maintenance of the roof. Pitched roof, built taking into account building codes and requirements, will serve long years and protect your home from the elements.

What is a pitched roof

Roofs of buildings and structures for various purposes divided into flat and sloped. Flat roofs used in urban areas and in private construction for small utility rooms. When constructing low-rise country and country houses, pitched roofs are usually constructed various designs. They have no flaws flat roofs and allow precipitation to be drained into the drainage system, protecting the building walls and foundation from excess moisture. The rafter system of the slopes is a technically complex structure, but it effectively resists the effects of wind and evenly distributes the load on the walls of the house.

A roof is considered pitched if it has surfaces with an angle of inclination of more than 5 degrees. The choice of pitched roof design and roofing material is influenced by the following factors:

• climatic conditions of the region, taking into account extreme wind and snow loads;
• specific topographic location and size of the development site;
• habitability of the under-roof space;
• design approaches to design in accordance with the wishes of the customer.

Depending on your financial capabilities, you can choose a roof project with minimal costs or calculate and build a multi-level complex roof with different types of slopes and residential attics. A review of the species will help you make a choice. pitched roof.

Types of pitched roofs

When building low-rise buildings, different types of pitched roofs are often mixed, which gives the building an original and unique look. At the same time, many owners build a roof in strict accordance with a certain style, using standard, proven solutions. Let's look at the main types of pitched roofs that are popular in our country:

1. Single pitch roof. This is the least expensive type of roof, which is suitable for small houses, bathhouses and outbuildings. The rafter system rests on the walls of the structure; the angle of inclination of the slope depends on the expected snow load and can range from 10 to 25 degrees.

   Shed roofs are well suited for small houses, giving them a stylish and finished look

2. Gable roof. The most popular roof option, consisting of two planes with an inclination angle of 25 degrees. Varieties of this type are mansard and half-hip roofs.

   Gable roofing is the most popular option in suburban construction.

3. Hip or hipped roof. This option is selected when covering houses rectangular shape and can have different slope angles.

   The hip roof allows you to arrange a full-fledged living space on the second floor

4. Multi-gable roof with residential under-roof space and different angles slope of the slopes.

   A multi-gable roof consists of a large number of slopes, forming several ridge elements and valleys

5. Hip roof. It is located above square-shaped buildings and consists of four isosceles triangular slopes, converging at one point.

   A hip roof is a special case of a hip structure erected over a square-shaped house

6. Conical or spire-shaped roof. Such roofs require special qualifications of builders, so they are used quite rarely in residential construction.

   A conical roof is a complex and expensive structure, so it is rarely used in private construction.

When choosing the type of pitched roof, it is necessary to select the appropriate roofing material so that it does not disturb the harmonious appearance of the building and has a significant service life and heat resistance.

Principles of construction of pitched roofs

When designing pitched roofs, the requirements for strength and water resistance are taken into account, affecting the principle of assembly load-bearing structures and choice of roofing material. The task of load-bearing elements is to evenly distribute the weight of the roof, wind and snow load onto the walls of the house. Depending on the type of pitched roof chosen, a rafter system is also built into which the living space under the roof can be fitted. When installing a cold attic space, the ceiling between the attic and living spaces must be carefully insulated.

The installation of pitched roofs must comply with the requirements Federal Law dated December 30, 2009 N 384-FZ “Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures”, and also be designed taking into account the set of rules SP 17.13330.2011. Roofs built in accordance with the requirements of codes and regulations will be durable, waterproof, heat insulating and maintainable.

Main components of pitched roofs

The choice of pitched roof design is made taking into account the number of storeys of the building and the climatic characteristics of the area, since the angle of inclination of the slopes, the design of the rafters and the composition of the roofing pie depend on these parameters. The roof consists of the following main elements:

• transverse floor beams (strings), which are attached to the Mauerlat at 60–90 cm distances from the walls of the house by the amount of the eaves overhang;
• rafters forming roof slopes with a selected angle of inclination;
• auxiliary rafter elements that are used on roofs of complex shapes;
• ridge - the junction of the upper parts of the rafter legs, which are fixed with a purlin;
• valleys that cover the lower junction of the slopes from moisture;
• gables;
• cornices that protect the walls of the building from wind and precipitation;
• lathing that provides fastening of the roofing material;
• waterproofing and heat-insulating layer;
• roofing covering.

Photo gallery: main elements of pitched roofs

The rafter system of a pitched roof consists of several main parts and, depending on the design, may include some special elements
The use of additional elements when arranging the roof allows you to improve its waterproofing properties and give the building a finished look
On insulated pitched roofs, a standard roofing pie with ventilation gaps is installed

It should be noted that complex roofs consist of a large number of auxiliary rafter elements, which are needed to increase the rigidity of the structure. Some components of a pitched roof perform several functions simultaneously and require more detailed study. Let's consider the design of the cornice as one of the important elements of a pitched roof, which is responsible for the safety of the building walls, ventilation of the under-roof space and drainage system.

Roof cornice

Bottom part The pitched roof protruding beyond the plane of the outer wall of the building is called a cornice. Its main function is to protect the walls of the house and the foundation blind area from precipitation, therefore the length of the eaves overhang on slopes not equipped with drainage should be more than 600 mm. In the case when the length of the rafters is not enough to arrange a full-fledged cornice, they are extended using fillies.

To install a full-fledged eaves overhang, the rafters can be lengthened using fillies

The lower section of the roof slope is used to install gutters and funnels of the drainage system, for which a frontal board is mounted on vertically cut rafters. Brackets and a cornice strip are attached to it to drain precipitation from the roof into the drain. In addition, a drip tray is attached to the cornice, through which condensate drains from the waterproof film.

Removal of excess moisture from the eaves of a pitched roof is carried out using a drip line attached to the front eaves board

In order to ensure effective ventilation of the under-roof space and give the building an aesthetic appearance, the eaves overhang is hemmed with perforated soffits or other materials with holes for free air circulation. Ventilation will extend the life of the roof and supporting structures.

Eaves overhang with bottom side hemmed with perforated soffit or any other material with holes for ventilation

If the eaves overhang is significant, a beam is installed between the building wall and the cut of the rafters, which removes part of the snow load on the eaves by creating a rigid triangular structure. The sheathing and soffit are attached to it using F- and J-straps.

For large eaves overhangs, a beam is installed between the rafter leg and the wall of the house to increase the rigidity of the structure

The cornice is most susceptible to moisture, so it is very important to treat all wooden structures with antiseptic compounds for wood that prevent rotting, mold and insects.

Calculation of the area and slope of a pitched roof

To calculate the amount of roofing material, you need to know the area of ​​the slopes.

The total roof area can be calculated by summing the individual fragments. When calculating the required material, you need to clarify the amount of vertical and horizontal overlap for a specific roofing and take this data into account. In addition, in the case of triangular and trapezoidal slopes, you need to remember that cutting can take up to 50% of the material, so the final calculation must be done very carefully, in consultation with a specialist and based on the size of the coating.

The slope of a pitched roof is usually indicated in project documentation, which takes into account climatic conditions and wind roses in the construction region. In the absence of a project, snow and wind loads must be taken into account. For example, at an angle of inclination of more than 50°, snow practically does not linger on the roof, but the impact of wind on the roof increases significantly. This leads to unjustified costs for increasing the strength of the rafter system. In the middle zone, a slope of 15 to 45 o is used, but for residential under-roof space, especially for mansard roof, this value needs to be clarified. For comfortable living in an attic room, a ceiling height of 2 to 3 m is required, so the slope angle of the slopes can be calculated using the formula tg (α) = H/L, where H is the required ridge height, L is half the length of the pediment. Next, angle α is found from special tables.

Most simple method Determining the slope of the slope is the use of a protractor, beacons and a measuring cord, with the help of which the required angle of inclination is set and the height of the ridge and the length of the slope are determined.

Maximum living space can be obtained by building a multi-gable, hip and sloping mansard roof, and the easiest to manufacture and economical is gable roof.

Table: determining the angle of inclination of the roof by the value of its tangent

In the Russian climate, insulation of the attic and roof is necessary to protect the residential under-roof space from temperature changes. For this, a multi-layer coating is used, which is called a roofing pie, where each layer performs a specific function:

A carefully installed roofing pie will ensure the life of the roof for a long time. It is very important to find out from the supplier the properties of the materials used in roofing work. Parameters such as the method of fastening, the amount of overlap and the coefficient of thermal conductivity will help to correctly install all the elements of the multilayer coating.

Video: attic insulation, roofing pie

Principles of installation of a pitched roof

High-quality roof installation is ensured by precise adherence to the sequence of technological operations. In this case, defects and damage to the material are excluded. To carry out installation work it is necessary:

1. Treat the rafters, front board, sheathing and other wooden structures with an antiseptic compound and let them dry.
2. Prepare necessary materials and provide workplace reliable scaffolding, ladders and safety ropes, as well as prepare working tools.
3. On dry rafters, starting from the eaves, attach a diffusion waterproofing membrane with an overlap of at least 10 cm.
4. Place counter-lattice bars on the rafters, and install the sheathing on them in increments that depend on the chosen roofing material.

   Counter-lattice bars are laid on the waterproofing film along the rafters, and the sheathing under the roofing is mounted on them in the longitudinal direction.

5. Before installing the roof covering, it is necessary to arrange the eaves overhang, attach the drip line to the front board and glue the diffusion film to it with double-sided tape.
6. Screw on the gutter system brackets and the cornice strip.

   Brackets for gutters are installed before installing the roofing

7. Installation of roofing sheets should be carried out in a certain order, because the geometry of the slope is not ideal and distortions may occur. The first sheets are aligned along the cornice strip and the pediment edge and secured with self-tapping screws, then the guide cords are pulled and subsequent sheets are aligned and fastened along them.

   The roof covering begins to be installed from one of the gables and gradually moves along the eaves

8. At the final stage of work, it is necessary to secure the pediment wind bars and ridge additional elements. An air flow from the eaves passes through the ridge, which provides ventilation of the under-roof space and reduces the likelihood of condensation.

   The ridge element provides ventilation of the under-roof space

When installing the roof, you must remember that all work is carried out at height, so compliance with safety regulations is mandatory.

Video: roof waterproofing, installation of counter battens and sheathing

Living space ventilation

Comfortable living conditions in the house are ensured by properly assembled heating systems that will not work without air flow. In addition, it is necessary to get rid of foreign odors and excessive humidity in the living space. For this purpose, a ventilation system is used, which provides a flow of fresh air and removes carbon dioxide and vaporous moisture from inhabited rooms, including the attic. Good air exchange creates comfortable conditions existence and the opportunity for good rest. The ventilation system performs the following functions:

• creates an influx of fresh air;
• deletes unpleasant odors, dust, vapors, carbon dioxide and combustion products;
• ensures normal oxygen levels in living spaces;
• maintains normal air humidity in the habitable space.

The air entering the room passes through filters and is supplied either forcefully or naturally, therefore ventilation systems are divided into supply and natural types.

How to make natural ventilation in the house

With the natural type of ventilation, air exchange is carried out due to the pressure difference at the level of the supply opening and the aerator, which is located on the roof slope. The air in residential areas is purified through a system of ventilation ducts.

Natural ventilation of rooms occurs due to air circulation caused by the difference in pressure in the room and in the places where aerators are installed

The incoming cold air flow mixes with warm air and is drawn out through the ventilation duct into the atmosphere. For air flow into attic room You can use a flight of stairs, and cut a hole in the common house exhaust duct, decorated with a grille, for exhaust hood. To warm up cold air in winter, use air supply ventilation valves, which are placed on top of heating radiators.

Air intake for room ventilation occurs through supply valve located on top of the heating radiator

For the under-roof space, another type of natural ventilation is used, which does not allow the insulation to get wet and cake. Street air is taken in through the cornice and soffits and discharged through aerators embedded in the pitched roof near the ridge.

Ventilation of the under-roof space will allow condensation to be removed in a timely manner and protect wooden roofing structures from rotting

Cold attic ventilation

Uninhabited attic space not heated and ventilated according to a different principle. The living space is insulated and the attic is left cold. In winter, this allows you to save on heating costs, and in summer time- save comfortable temperature in habitable areas. The roofing pie consists of a waterproofing film, sheathing and roofing material. The absence of insulation and vapor barrier allows you to get rid of melting snow and the formation of ice on the roof in winter time.

Properly installed ventilation allows you to remove moisture in a timely manner and maintain a comfortable temperature in living spaces

The air flow through the soffits is discharged through ridge or point aerators. Ventilation shafts pass through the attic and do not affect the air temperature in the under-roof space. Cold attic ensures safety truss structures and sheathing because it eliminates the formation of condensation even on metal roofing coverings.

Ventilation shaft height

The efficiency of the system in all weather conditions depends on the height of the ventilation pipe. Mine parameters exhaust ventilation are determined by regulatory documents SP 31–106–2002 and SP 2.3.6.1079–01. It follows from them that on pitched roofs the height of the ventilation pipe depends on its distance to the roof ridge:

For various regions with increased wind loads and snow formation, there are amendments to regulatory documents that need to be clarified with construction specialists and designers.

Video: do-it-yourself natural ventilation in a private house

Thermal insulation of a pitched roof

The residential under-roof space must be carefully insulated, and this process can be done both from the outside and from the inside. External method laying insulation depends on weather conditions, is associated with installation difficulties and is rarely used. Typically, insulation is installed from the inside after installing the waterproof film, sheathing and roofing. The sheets of heat-insulating material are cut with an allowance so that it fits between the rafters with tension. This eliminates the formation of cold bridges, and if the sheets are heavy, they are additionally secured with tensioned wire. Then it is attached vapor barrier film, lathing and finishing material.

When laying insulation, it is necessary to provide a ventilation gap to the waterproofing film

Thermal insulating materials are produced by such manufacturers as ROCKWOOL, URSA, ISOVER, KNAUF and others. When choosing insulation you need to approach it responsibly and pay attention to the following properties:

• light weight and moisture resistance;
• high thermal insulation properties;
• resistance to temperature changes;
• compliance with environmental and fire safety requirements.

Insulation materials are produced in the form of rolls and have different thicknesses and sizes, for example, 3900 X 1200 X 150 mm or 1170 X 610 X 100 mm, which is convenient for delivery and installation.

Video: insulating a pitched roof

Pitched roof drainage system

To drain rain and melt water on pitched roofs, a drainage system is used, which is needed to collect excess moisture from the roof and taking it to an equipped place. For this purpose on eaves overhangs plastic or painted metal gutters, funnels and pipes of various sizes are installed, the choice of which depends on the area of ​​the slope. The drainage system consists of the following components:

• brackets for fastening gutters, which are fastened at least every 60 cm;
• gutter with seals, plugs and corrective elements. It is set with a slope of 2–5 mm per linear meter towards the drainage funnel;
• rotating elements with internal and external angles;
• connecting adapter from gutter to funnel;
• funnels and drainpipes with holders;
• angular taps at 60 and 72 o;
• sewer flanges.

A drainage system for a home is assembled from a standard set of elements

For correct selection the width of the gutter and the diameter of the drainpipes, it is necessary to take into account the angle of inclination of the roof and calculate the area of ​​the slope. Funnels are placed every 10 m. To accurately calculate the size of gutters and pipes, you can use the data from reference tables.

Table: dependence of the diameter and width of the gutter on the area of ​​the slope

The drainage brackets are attached before the roofing is installed and are set at a slope of 3–5° at a distance of 60–70 cm from each other. The remaining elements are installed sequentially after careful marking.

The gutter of a pitched roof is selected taking into account the catchment area and is attached at a slope towards the drain funnel

Components for the drainage system must be purchased from one supplier, because the size and color of the elements may differ slightly from different manufacturers.

Maintenance of pitched roofs

Maintenance of pitched roofs can be scheduled or unscheduled. The need for unscheduled work arises in the event of natural disasters, fires and other unforeseen situations. Scheduled maintenance must be carried out in the spring and autumn; in winter, it is also necessary to clear the roof of snow as necessary. To determine the list of maintenance work, it is necessary to carry out a thorough inspection, during which you check the main components of the roof:

• serviceability of chimneys and ventilation ducts, absence of waterproofing violations;
• cleanliness and integrity of the roofing and drainage system;
• no obstacles to the flow of air through the soffits;
• serviceability of the cornice, especially after winter;
• serviceability of the load-bearing elements of the roof, absence of signs of moisture, mold and rot;
• integrity of the gables.

If deficiencies are found during the inspection, measures must be taken to eliminate them.

Installation of walking ladders on a pitched roof

Safety when servicing a pitched roof requires the installation of ladders and ladders for access to mortise windows, chimneys and aerators ventilation system. For this purpose they make metal constructions 30–40 cm wide, which are adjusted in accordance with the angle of inclination of the slopes. Such products allow servicing of equipment located on the roof and are supplied with the necessary fasteners for their installation on load-bearing roof structures.

Walking ladders are used to service chimneys and ventilation systems.

To give the ladder materials anti-corrosion properties, their surfaces are painted with water- and heat-resistant paint in the color of the main roofing covering. These structures are mounted in the upper part of the slope as close as possible to chimneys, ventilation pipes and other important equipment.

Rules for the operation of pitched roofs in winter

In winter, a pitched roof requires increased attention. Frequent temperature changes and snowfalls contribute to the formation of sediment and icing. During this difficult period, the following rules must be followed:

• inspect chimneys and ventilation shafts for the absence of snow deposits;
• after a snowfall, check for snowdrifts on areas of the roof;
• inspect the eaves and drainage system for icing;
• ensure the cleanliness of stairs, ramps and safety knots for ropes;
• When clearing snow and ice, use a tool that prevents damage to the roofing;
• leave a layer of snow from 3 to 5 cm on the roof;
• strictly follow safety regulations.

To facilitate winter operation of the roof, it is advisable to install an automatic heating system for the roof and drainage system. This equipment will significantly simplify the maintenance of a pitched roof and ensure its safety.

Video: clearing snow from a pitched roof

We looked at the types of pitched roofs, their structure, the roofing pie, the main components, as well as the principles of installation, ventilation and maintenance. A properly constructed roof will serve its owners for many years and protect the house from cold and precipitation.

Roof installation from a trusted company at the price of a private team with a 36-month guarantee.

The roof is perhaps the most important part of the building, on which the durability and reliability of the entire house will depend. It is difficult to install a roof roof on your own, as it requires well-developed professional skills.

Customers often encounter unqualified craftsmen who only verbally promise high-quality installation. As a result of their irresponsible approach, failure to meet deadlines prevents plans from being realized. In addition, the poor quality of the selected materials can cause the collapse of the structure and the need to redo the work. Another problem is the exorbitant inflation of the estimate, which ultimately leads to significant overpayments for the customer. The best way out is to immediately choose a reliable contractor who can be trusted to even complete a complex task.

Why have 300+ clients already contacted us?

• Our installers have more than 15 years of experience. This is the best confirmation that there is no need to worry about the quality of services. Both private homeowners and large construction organizations trust us.
• We have hundreds of completed projects to our credit. You can clearly see the professionalism of the masters by looking at the portfolio. The company's employees can handle orders of any level of complexity.
• The work is carried out on the basis of proven technologies. We guarantee compliance with building regulations, so you can be sure that your roof will last for a long time.
• We work with all types of roofing coverings. Specialists will develop The best decision personally for you, while the price of roof installation will please even the most budget-conscious.
• We are ready to take on even non-standard designs. Experienced designers and installers will cope with any tasks in the shortest possible time. With us, nothing will disrupt your plans.

Look at the photographs of completed projects - they will demonstrate the stages of roof installation and the resulting result. Our properties evoke sincere admiration, which is why people so often turn to us for recommendations.

TURNKEY ROOF INSTALLATION:

Services of our organization

The company works with any type of roofing covering. We offer the following services:

Installation of soft roofing.

We carry out a full cycle of work: foundation construction, waterproofing, insulation, installation of the selected roofing material. The cost of installing the roof and roof covering will be extremely attractive, and a reliable multi-layer system will last for many years.

Installation of metal tiles.

The metal roof is in particular demand today, as it is strong, durable and at the same time inexpensive option. Our designers will accurately calculate the amount of roofing material for you, and installers will carry out everything necessary work at the highest level.

Repair of roof structure and roof covering.

We often have to correct the shortcomings of incompetent craftsmen and the consequences of independent attempts to carry out installation. If you do not want to carry out expensive repairs in the near future, then entrust the installation to the specialists of our company.

We offer a truly competitive roof installation price per m2. The cost indicated below is approximate; the exact cost of installing the roof can be announced after measurements are taken.

COST OF ROOF INSTALLATION IN RUBLES:

How we are working?

We list the stages of our work:

1. Measurement of the object. The surveyor's visit is free of charge. Preliminary calculations will allow you to determine the amount of roofing material and the features of the future roof. The surveyors of our organization have many years of experience, so they will be able to give useful recommendations on the selection of roofing elements and other important issues of roof arrangement. They will determine the exact amount of material and take into account any wishes.

2. Estimation. It may have several options, as a result the customer can determine optimal price roof installation. The estimate for the required materials and services is drawn up based on the measurements taken. We have solid experience and do not pursue short-term profit, so the calculations will surprise you with favorable prices.

3. Conclusion of an agreement. After drawing up an estimate, an agreement is drawn up between the customer and the contractor. It indicates the list of works, as well as the price of roof installation and the timing of the order. We take promises responsibly - all terms of the contract will be strictly fulfilled.

4. Payment. Materials, the quantity of which is fixed in the estimate, must be paid immediately. A 50% advance payment for installation is also required. The remaining amount can be paid after installation is completed. The scheme can be partially adjusted, since we are always ready to find the optimal solution.

Basic installation steps

Installation roofing system- a multi-step process, and each step must be carried out in accordance with regulations. The experience and professionalism of our specialists allow us to guarantee the maximum quality of work at all stages. Installation is carried out as follows:

Arrangement of the rafter system. This is the frame that will hold the main load. Rafters and other elements are made of wood that has undergone preliminary antiseptic treatment. When calculating, wind and snow loads must be taken into account. We will definitely take into account all the nuances so that you have no doubt about the reliability and durability of the frame.

Roof insulation. Because the a large number of The building loses heat through the roof; care must be taken to ensure sufficient insulation. Usually stone or basalt wool. This insulation provides reliable protection against heat loss. Our specialists will not allow you to make a mistake in your choice, so you don’t have to worry about the quality of insulation.

Installation of a waterproofing and vapor barrier layer. Waterproofing protects the insulation from damage by moisture that can penetrate from the outside. A vapor barrier protects the roof from water vapor coming from the interior of the house. We will select modern waterproofing membranes, which are able to provide optimal air exchange without reducing the environmental friendliness of the house. Thanks to the right materials, you can forget about dampness and mold.

Installation of the base for the roofing material. For metal tiles, natural or composite tiles, lathing is used with a pitch recommended by the manufacturer. For soft roof a solid base will be required, for which plywood or OSB boards can be used. Our employees have worked out all the installation nuances in practice, so they will select the best option.

Roof installation. The final and most critical stage is the installation of the roofing. The company's specialists work in strict accordance with the requirements of building codes. The finished system will meet all the owner’s wishes and will last for several generations.

We are waiting for you today!

We guarantee that your roof installation will be completed on schedule. The cost of installing a roof consists of many parameters, and you can ask all the questions in advance, determining the best option. By contacting us, you can quickly resolve the issue of installing a roofing system: specialists will not only carry out a full cycle of work - they will help with the selection and purchase building materials. Finished roof it will be for many years reliable protection for your home, providing warmth and comfort. Call us and place an order!

Installation of a gable roof includes enclosing elements. Load-bearing elements- rafter system, roof foundation (mauerlat). Gable roof includes 2 roof surfaces at a certain angle; if you refer to SNiP, then the angle must be at least 6°.

Installation of a pitched roof is the simplest option. It is used for outbuildings and residential buildings. Among the advantages are low material consumption and quick installation, minimal experience and knowledge.

The choice of roof angle is influenced by the material used and regional climate characteristics. If the material is rolled or profiled flooring - 5-8°. Using metal tiles or folded covering – 18-35°.

The installation of an attic roof should begin with the choice of the future material, which will influence the type of rafter system used.

Ceramic tiles have the greatest weight. Please note additional mounting structures.

In the process of installing roofing material, you must have a drawing of the roof itself. All important rafter connection points should be marked there. Let's look at the stages of installing a roof with your own hands.

Installation of rafters

Rafters are divided into several types:

Inclined - supports of different heights are used, beams are mounted on them at an angle. When the roof is pitched, external walls are used for installation. If there is a gable system - internal and external walls. It is not necessary to attach the rafter legs; it is enough to simply place them on one plane.

Hanging elements form a truss truss, for fastening which external walls are used. This design involves the legs of the rafters resting on each other.

The structure is installed and assembled on the ground or directly on the structure itself. If on the ground, you will need to order a truck crane.

Houses made of timber and logs do not require mandatory strengthening of walls for subsequent installation of the roof. For brickwork installation of a reinforced belt will be required.

During the pouring process, metal pins made of galvanized steel are installed into the reinforced belt. They are subsequently used to install the mauerlat - a beam that serves as the foundation of the future roof.

The protrusion of the studs in height is 2-3 centimeters, this length is enough to install nuts and bolts. Be sure to lay a layer of roofing felt waterproofing over the reinforced belt. Ruberoid is rolled up in 2 layers. A special antiseptic prevents the wood from rotting.

The cross-section of the rafters is influenced by several factors: the weight of the roofing material, snow load, rafter pitch, span size and installation angle (degree of roof slope).

In central Russia, gable roofs are usually used in the private construction sector. Metal tiles are considered the most modern material. The pitch of the rafters is 120 cm and at 30 degrees.

Lathing

The sheathing is nailed on top of the rafters. The roof covering material chosen will influence the sheathing, which can be stepped or continuous.

Solid is used for soft tiles, thin material is used as a substrate sheet material or plywood. In increments, the lathing is used for ondulin, corrugated sheets and metal tiles. The width of the boards will be 20-25 cm, thickness 2-2.5 cm. Having installed the sheathing, a continuous flooring from the board is then installed. The width of the coating is 60-80 cm.

Waterproofing, thermal insulation, vapor barrier

The finished roof is like a sandwich. At self-installation roofing material, do not forget about waterproofing, thermal insulation and vapor barrier. Vapor barrier helps prevent moisture from appearing on the thermal insulation layer due to condensation from inside premises. The vapor barrier material is mounted in a layer of insulation and finishing.

The most common material is membrane film. The roof frame is covered with film with an overlap of 10-15 cm over the ridge. A construction stapler is used for fastening. Where the vapor barrier coating adjoins the wall surface, special tape is used.

Installation of roofing material

When the laying of all layers suits its purpose final stage, care should be taken to install the roofing material itself as quickly as possible in order to protect wooden structures from rain and snow.

Roof installation photo

The final element of building construction is the pitched roof. The coziness and comfort of the future structure depends on how correctly the design is calculated. The slopes of pitched roofs can range from 10 to 60 degrees. When choosing a slope, take into account the climate and type used roofing materials, architectural and economic considerations. In areas with big amount When precipitation occurs, the slope is set at 45 degrees or more, and in a region with strong and frequent gusts of wind, a slight slope is set.

When constructing private or country-type houses, pitched roofs are often used. They consist of an inclined surface, their angle of inclination is above ten degrees. The design can be combined or separate. The split roof provides for a non-residential space - an attic. In a combined version for covering top floor load-bearing elements are used.

The slope helps remove any precipitation from the surface. If ceramic tiles are used for the roof, the slope will have a ratio of 1:2, metal tiles - 1:3. If the slope is 15% or more, the roof is called steep; if it is up to 15%, then it is called flat. Depending on what the pitched roof is made of, it can be:

• single-slope;
• gable;
• hip;
• multi-pincer;
• broken line;
• domed and conical;
• combined.

Shed roof

Such a pitched roof consists of one plane. The outer walls of the house have different heights, this contributes to the formation of a slope during the construction of the rafter system. This design is often used when creating buildings for household needs. It is easy to construct and does not require large expenditures. The roof structure may include ondulin, metal tiles, metallic profile, roofing felt, tiles or slate.

Important: A pitched roof will only last a long time if the wind constantly blows from its low part. Changing wind direction will make such a structure unreliable.

There is no accumulation of precipitation on a pitched roof; it flows in one direction, which simplifies installation storm sewer. The disadvantage of a pitched roof is that there is no attic space and the inability to implement most design ideas. This type includes:

• rafter system, which bears the entire load;
• lathing that serves as a support for the roofing material;
• waterproofing and thermal insulation that protects against moisture penetration and retains heat;
• roofing material;
• additional materials that increase strength.

Gable roof

This type is used in the construction of private houses; it consists of slopes, while the load-bearing walls have the same height. Often a gable roof is called a gable roof, as it has a triangular shape. A similar pitched roof is made from:

• rafters;
• Mauerlat;
• lathing;
• load-bearing part;
• horizontal ribs;
• valleys;
• racks;
• overhangs;
• heat and waterproofing.

To make the pitched roof structure as stable as possible, braces, struts, and diagonal parts are additionally used. With their help, resistance increases and the frame is strengthened. It is most economical to use a pitched roof with an angle of 35-40 degrees. This value allows for optimal distribution total load, but in this case the attic space cannot be used as a living room.

Important to remember: The angle of the roof affects its resistance to loads; the greater the angle, the stronger the frame should be.

The gable type can be symmetrical, asymmetrical or broken:

1. The first type of pitched roof is quite simple for installation and further maintenance; it allows you to use the attic as an attic due to the creation of a large under-roof space.
2. An asymmetrical version of a pitched roof, their design looks somewhat unusual due to the fact that the ridge is not located in the center, but with a certain offset, but the attic space is significantly reduced.
3. The broken variety allows you to increase the area of ​​the under-roof space. In this case, the upper part remains flat, and the lower part has a sharp slope.

Hip roof

It consists of four slopes. The first two are isosceles trapezoid, and the other two have the shape of a triangle. When constructing a pitched roof, double ties and beams are used. The practical shape allows you to quickly get rid of snow and water. Classic version, consisting of a fairly steep slope (about 45 degrees), perfectly protects the house from strong northern winds.

When constructing a hip structure, it is necessary to install gutters. The structure consists of:

• ridge beam - the junction of all edges;
• hips - two triangular slopes that serve as the facade of the house;
• trapezoidal slopes;
• overhangs that protect the surface of the walls from moisture;
• a rafter system that carries the weight of the roofing pie, forming the angle of inclination of the slopes;
• roofing;
• drain;
• snow retainers.

Important: Rafter system hip roof differs compared to other types of roofing high level difficulties.

A hip roof can have several types of structure:

1. Dutch. Hips don't reach bottom edge cornice. This design is used in the construction of small cottages with wooden floors.
2. Tent. All four slopes are erected in the same shape and at equal angles. This type is used for large buildings that have a quadrangular base.
3. Broken. It has several slopes connected at different angles. This option is considered the most difficult, but thanks to it the structure is aesthetically attractive.
4. Danish. At the top of the short slopes there are pediments.

Multi-gable roof

In this version, forceps are used. Such a pitched roof is installed on a building that has the shape of a rectangle, a complex polygonal, or a broken shape. In this case, the use of the space located under the roof is possible for a living room. The gable is a kind of continuation of the wall of the house with a triangular end and two slopes at the top. It is not limited by the cornice.

The most common variant of a multi-gable roof is a three- or four-gable roof design. In general this architectural structure It is characterized by high cost and labor-intensive construction. The structure consists of:

• load-bearing link - Mauerlat;
• tie, a horizontal beam between the walls of a building;
• rafter group;
• ribs or ridge, a horizontal beam representing the vertex of a triangle;
• crossbar, headstock and struts;
• valleys;
• forceps;
• counter battens and battens;
• roofing pie.

Each listed structural element can be supplemented with roof elements; they make the structure stronger and more durable.

It is important to know: Any window opening, stove and ventilation pipe outlets must be taken into account in advance in the roof structure and marked in a certain way.

When choosing a roof for pitched roofs, give preference light material, this will help reduce the load on the structure. In order to use the space under the roof without problems in the future, each part should be installed so that they can be covered with decorative finishing materials.

broken roof

A roof of this type contains a large number of broken lines. This option is ideal if you need to fit an attic of the required volume into a pitched roof. Many homeowners choose this type because of its unusual shape. The design is such that it significantly reduces the “dead zones”. The basis of a broken roof can be a wooden structure or solid walls.

Important: It is advisable to erect a sloping roof on buildings whose width does not exceed six meters, otherwise the strength and reliability of the structure may suffer.

The structure consists of:

• upper crown made of profiled timber;
• beams;
• ceiling and wall coverings;
• thermal insulation layer;
• attic floor;
• racks for attic partitions;
• lathing;
• rafters;
• roofing material in the form corrugated sheet, ondulin, or corrugated sheets;
• crossbars;
• skate.

Depending on the number of slopes, a sloping roof can be single-pitch, gable, three-pitch, or hipped. There are also various configurations pitched roof designs. The parabolic shape is most often used; it is erected on private rectangular buildings.

Dome and conical roof

To construct such a structure, curved frame elements are used, and the pitched roof is constructed from solid or soft materials. The dome is constructed from special beams, which are then insulated and sheathed. It is necessary to install a vertical support pillar in the center of the structure. A ring is attached to it - this is the upper support for the rafters. The lower part of the arch elements is attached to the Mauerlat. This design is very complex, so it is rarely used for coating.

Important: If a domed and conical roof is used as decoration, it will only cover part of the house. Therefore, it is important to carefully approach the arrangement of joints with the roof of the main building.

The conical option is suitable for houses with a large number of edges. A layered type of rafter system is used here. A pillar should be located in the central part of the building; this will support the structure. It is best to use a flat slate sheet as roofing elements, this will make it much easier to adjust the joining points.

Combined roof

This type is used in houses with an extension made of non-residential premises when the roof passes from one level to another. Combined option It has complex technology devices. For normal use construction, it is important to carry out thermal and waterproofing over one part of the house, and equip a combined roofing pie over the other. The roof covering in this case is a material that is equally suitable for both flat and convex surfaces. Often these are piece materials for pitched roofs in the form of natural tiles, slates, and flexible bitumen shingles.

When choosing a type, it is important to immediately understand whether it can cope with the tasks assigned to it. It is important that the roof meets not only the aesthetic requirements of the owner, but also is practical. Remember, the more complex the chosen form, the more Money will have to spend.

Coverage guaranteed for 20 years!!!

The construction company GC Innovation offers its clients the service of installing pitched roofs of any complexity and configuration. The roofing device is the final stage construction of a house, the roof plays an important role in the operation of the building, so it is worth entrusting the work of installing the roofing system to real professionals.

Our specialists are engaged roofing work more than 10 years, which allows us to provide qualified support to our customers from the first contact and provide a full guarantee for all work performed.

Pitched roof installation technology

The design of a pitched roof is quite complex and in most cases requires preliminary design by specialists. The effectiveness of its use depends on the correct construction of such a roof - so successfully it can withstand gusts of wind and accumulation of precipitation (rain water and snow). An important advantage of a pitched roof is its attractive appearance, therefore, the choice of roof shape and materials for its installation should be entrusted to professionals.

Installation of pitched roofing in numbers

Such traditional look roofs, like a pitched roof, require the installation of a waterproof and heat-insulating roofing pie. Experienced installers of the Innovation Group carry out the laying of the pie according to all the rules at a fairly fast pace - 400 m² per work shift.

The installation of a roofing pie will cost 300 rubles/m², and installation of the roof, depending on the type of material, will cost from 150 rubles/m².

The main advantages of the work of Innovation Group of Companies

• Free visit to take measurements and prepare an estimate. Our specialist will arrive at building object at the request of the client, will carry out necessary measurements, will answer all the customer’s questions and draw up a full estimate of the work with prices within 24 hours - so that you can receive roofing installation services in the shortest possible time.
• Experienced installation team. The installation of a pitched roof has many nuances; such work should not be trusted to beginners, much less try to do it yourself. Our roofers have extensive experience in the construction of sheathing, rafter systems, laying roofing pie and installation of roof cladding.
• Using the modern equipment and reliable building materials. To new roof served for decades without any repair or replacement of elements, we provide our customers with the highest quality material.
• Guarantee for all types of work. You don’t have to worry about whether the roof structure is secure or whether the roofing pie is laid correctly - our specialists guarantee high quality and durability of all work, and if the slightest problem arises, they promptly go to the site and eliminate any shortcomings.
• Attentive attitude towards the customer. GC "Innovation" treats its clients responsibly - our employees respond to incoming requests in a timely manner, promptly solve problems with roof repairs and replacements, perform high-quality installation and offer the best prices for services in Moscow and the Moscow region.
• Low prices for installation and materials. We try to take into account the individual wishes of customers and give the opportunity to save money by offering discounts and profitable terms cooperation.

Technological advantages of pitched roofing from the Innovation Group

Pitched roof made of quality materials, It has high performance practicality. Such a roof will certainly be appreciated by lovers of attractive, luxurious, well-kept building facades - the material for installing a pitched roof can easily be selected to match the appearance of the entire building, choosing from a variety decorative solutions, shapes and colors suitable for the design of the house. In addition to its interesting appearance, pitched roofing has a lot of functional and practical advantages:

• Convenient drainage of water and snow masses due to impressive angles of inclination of the rafter system;
• Use of useful space under a pitched roof for the arrangement of an attic floor or attic space;
• Simple process of laying roofing;
• Possibility of access to the roof and maintenance of the roof through attic (dormer) windows.

Features of installation of a pitched roof from the Innovation Group

Our specialists are engaged in the installation of pitched roofs of any type - from piece materials(ceramic tiles), sheet hard materials (corrugated sheets, metal tiles, seam roofing, ondulin), soft materials (soft built-up tiles, roll roofing). It all depends on the customer’s preferences, design features of the rafter system, and financial capabilities. The pitched roof of the most modern materials will last quite a long time, providing the building with a well-groomed appearance and protection from various external phenomena.

The cost of installing a pitched roof

Price list for installation of pitched roofs

For a complete list of works with prices for installing a pitched roof per m2, see here -