Preparation and application of tile grout. Grouting brickwork joints Mortar for joints

The final stage in decorating a bathroom with tiles is always sealing the seams. After this operation, the tilework becomes complete and neat.

Grouting tile joints in the bathroom with your own hands is a completely affordable job for anyone, even an inexperienced craftsman. One has only to start and get the hang of it - and the further process will go quickly. It should be noted that much in conducting such finishing works depends on the selected material. So, for those who do not have experience in the work, it is better to choose a grout that dries for a long time. Using a quickly hardening material can ruin the entire appearance of even a well-placed tile.

Joint filler is designed to protect adhesive composition, on which the tiles are laid, wall and floor surfaces from the penetration of moisture, dirt, mold, as well as for the final aesthetic design of the coating. Therefore, you can’t do without grouting - finishing material with unclosed seams it will not stay long on walls and floors, and on the surfaces underneath it will create a favorable environment for the development of mold and mildew, which will sooner or later affect the base.

To make it easy to work with the material, and to make the seams between the tiles neat and reliable, any grout must meet certain requirements. A mixture prepared from dry compounds or sold already in finished form, must have the following qualities:

• The uniformity of the composition will greatly facilitate the work - in this case it will completely fill all the seams. It is unacceptable for the mixture to have hard inclusions that tend to create “plugs” in the gaps between the tiles, which will prevent the grout from penetrating the entire depth of the seam and leaving air voids.
• The elasticity of the solution will also contribute to high-quality filling of joints, since it will be easily distributed over the recesses and will allow the work to be done quickly.
• Strength after curing. The grout should not crumble and be washed out when cleaning.
• Hydrophobicity of the material after hardening. The joint filler should repel moisture, not absorb it.
• Resistance to household chemical detergents, as any tile covering requires periodic cleaning.
• Aesthetic appearance. The seams between the tiles should be smooth and neat, and the shade of the grout should be in maximum harmony with the

Types of grout based on material of manufacture

Today on sale you can find one and two-component grouts, produced in the form of dry mixtures, ready-made pastes and solutions. They are manufactured on various basic bases:

• Cement.
• Polymer-cement.
• Cement-sand.
• Polyurethane.
• Epoxy and furan, produced on the basis of resins.
• Silicone.

In addition, there are grouts that can be made by hand from alabaster, gypsum, cement and sand, clay and lime, sodium “liquid glass” and other materials.

However, self-production the material may not be of the highest quality, and the filler will simply crumble out of the seams under the influence of external factors - humidity and temperature changes. Grouts produced in a factory using all technologies and using special antiseptic additives are undoubtedly more reliable than those made at home.

Therefore it is better to purchase ready materials, especially since they are quite affordable. It is recommended to make grout yourself only in extreme cases.

Cement-based joint fillers

The most popular and widely used are grouts on cement based. Most produce them famous companies on production building mixtures.

Cement-based grouts can be divided into two types - those made with or without the addition of sand.

A mixture containing sand is used for sealing wide seams, more than 4 millimeters. Narrow gaps are filled with softer, fine-grained grouts made in combination with polymer components. In the instructions for use located on the packaging, the manufacturer always indicates for what width of joints a particular composition is intended.

For the production of mixtures, Portland cement is used, which is finely ground, so that when kneading the mixture is homogeneous. In addition, to achieve elasticity of the solution, the manufacturer adds lime components to it.

The mixture can be prepared using water room temperature, or latex based. The latter will be called polymer-cement grout.

A correctly mixed mixture will ensure a smooth and even high-quality seam, which will not only reliably close the gaps from moisture, but will also give neatness to the entire masonry.

Cement-based mixtures can be packaged in paper bags or plastic buckets.

Cement grouts can have different colors. Some manufacturers produce compositions already in color, while others have coloring pigments included in the kit and are added only during production.

If desired, metallic “gold” or “silver” powder can be added to the grout - this will make the appearance of the finish richer and give it a specific elegance.

Silicone joint fillers

Silicone joint filler is a one-component composition, packaged in special plastic cartridges (tubes) and applied to the joints using a construction gun. This type of grout consists of silicone with an acid hardener. The material is essentially a sealant. It completely covers the seams, is moisture resistant and elastic, and has antiseptic qualities.

Silicone sealant is an excellent joint filler in particularly difficult areas

This joint filler is most often used in combination with other grouting compounds. Basically, they seal gaps only in problem areas, for example, at the joints of planes or in the area where the bathtub adjoins the tile, since it has a fairly high price and requires a lot of consumption. However, if possible, it can be applied to all seams, and having any width. Its only disadvantage is that it is produced silicone sealant in a small variety of shades - white or transparent compositions mainly predominate.

It is easy to fill seams with silicone sealant; the main thing is to make the correct cut on the cap attached to the cartridge - it should correspond to the width of the seam, and press evenly on the handle of the construction gun. Then the filler will flow into the seams in an even strip.

Resin based grouts

• Epoxy joint filler

Epoxy grouts consist of two components - an epoxy composition and a hardener. The mass of the solution is mixed immediately before application.

This type of grout is characterized by high strength and resistance to external mechanical influences, as well as high humidity and significant temperature changes.

Epoxy joint filler has a very long service life. This grout does not lose its original appearance for 45–50 years.

After combining the two components of the grout, it acquires a viscous consistency and is quite difficult to work with. Therefore, if you have no experience in filling seams, but have decided to use this particular type of material, then it is better to entrust the work to a professional craftsman.

Epoxy grout is recommended for use in cases where there are wide joints between the tiles, over 6 mm. It fills cavities well and, when hardened, acquires high density, close to the density of the tile itself.

In order for the cladding of walls and floors where epoxy filler was used to have an aesthetic appearance, you need to choose high-quality ceramic tiles with perfectly smooth edges and corners, otherwise the grout will not hide, but, on the contrary, will emphasize the flaws of the finishing material.

There is an epoxy filler option that includes composition of Portland cement, which acts as a fixative. Working with this material is identical to mixing and applying cement grout, but as it hardens it takes on the characteristics of traditional epoxy aggregate.

If desired, one of the types of metal powder can be added to the epoxy mixture, mixed traditionally or using Portland cement. In this case, the tile frame will turn out to be very original, and it will look especially advantageous if the seams are wide, about 6÷8 mm.

The price for this type of grout is quite high, so it is rarely used at home. Basically, it is used for covering surfaces in industrial workshops and laboratory premises, where its strength, durability, and resistance to aggressive environments are especially necessary.

• Furan resin filler

This type of grout is made on the basis furanol with the addition of fupphilic alcohol. The resulting material, when cured, acquires the most high quality resistance to any influences, either chemical detergents, acids, ultra-violet rays, moisture and temperature. The composition of this material, just like the epoxy mixture, does not contain water, so it completely lacks the ability to absorb it.

When choosing this filler, you need to know that working with it is quite difficult, since it requires a special approach to preparing the joint surfaces.

The disadvantages of this material include its high price and lack of color variety, since it has only color- black .

This grout is rarely used to refine tiles at home, although it should be noted that black color can be combined with any of the shades color range. If the tile is of high quality and has no flaws at the edges, then framing it in black will give the finish rigor and clarity.

• Polyurethane grout

The most convenient type of joint filler to use is a ready-made elastic composition made on the basis of polyurethane resins and aqueous dispersion, without the use of cement. The solution does not require preparation, as it is sold in the form of a ready-made homogeneous paste.

It is suitable for grouting joints with a width of 1 ÷ 6 mm between ceramic tiles and glass mosaics.

The grout composition is well distributed in the gaps, filling them completely. After final hardening and polymerization, it is well cleaned from dirt and has high water-repellent characteristics.

This type of joint filler has a rich range of pastel colors, which allows you to match it to any tile.

Polyurethane-based grout is suitable for sealing joints between tiles on horizontal and vertical surfaces of the bathroom, as well as for other rooms, including those with heated floors.

Prices for grout for tile joints

Grout for tile joints

Making your own grout for joints

Just in case, it would be nice to know several recipes for preparing joint filler at home, since there are different situations from which you urgently need to find a way out. Knowing the composition and manufacturing technology, it’s not at all difficult.

• Cement-sand mixture

The most accessible and simplest recipe for making aggregate is to use cement and fine sand for it. They are taken in proportions 1:1 or 1:2. The two ingredients are mixed dry, and then water is added to them in small portions. The composition is thoroughly mixed and brought to a homogeneous state - it should have the consistency of thick sour cream.

For cooking cement-sand grout You can use both gray and white cement, and to give the composition a certain shade, coloring pigments are added to it - they can be purchased in dry or dissolved form.

In addition, you can add metal powder to the solution, which will make it indistinguishable from what you bought at a hardware store.

To enhance the elasticity of the mixture, latex additives are sometimes added to it. Thus, you will get a classic grout that will be identical to that produced in a factory.

• Gypsum grout

Grout mastic can also be prepared from gypsum, using slaked lime as a plasticizer additive. This ingredient is necessary because without it the hardened plaster will be very fragile.

In addition, lime will extend the hardening time of the gypsum grout. Everyone knows that gypsum quickly sets and hardens, so you should not make a large number of material - it is best to do this in small portions. After using up each portion of grout, before preparing the next one, the container and spatula should be thoroughly cleaned each time, since small and large frozen particles of gypsum will interfere with work.

Gypsum is a fragile material and is not flexible enough, so it can crumble under mechanical stress. In addition, it is capable of absorbing moisture, so it is better not to use such grout in the bathroom.

• Alabaster grout

Today, alabaster is not as popular as it was before, but it continues to be used in construction. This material is a type of gypsum, or more precisely, it is burnt his option.

It has always been used to seal joints between slabs, cracks and depressions in plaster, so previously a supply of it could be found in every home. Alabaster faded into the background after appearing in specialized stores of various building mixtures, which They have a narrowly focused purpose and cope well with a variety of problems.

If necessary, it is quite possible to prepare mastic from this material for sealing seams. The process of its preparation is simple and consists of adding water to dry alabaster in small portions. You should not mix a large amount of the mixture, as it, like gypsum, quickly loses its elasticity and hardens.

Alabaster grout is also not very durable - it will not last more than 3-5 years. But it can be used temporarily if there is a need to close the seams, but there is no way to purchase ready-made material.

• Clay grout

There is no need to write off materials such as clay. No wonder it has always been used for waterproofing works, since it has good hydrophobic properties. Preparing joint filler from this material will create a little more hassle than when mixing it from cement and sand or gypsum. Clay requires cleaning and wiping, because it may contain various solid inclusions, from which it must be freed. Then, it is soaked, as it must acquire plasticity.

Lime is added to the finished, well-mixed clay mass to enhance plasticity and cement to speed up the hardening of the grout. Very little lime and cement are poured. The proportions of the solution are approximately 10:1:1 - the main role it still focuses on clay.

For production, you can use material of any color; if desired, color and metal powder are added to it.

Clay will reliably protect the seams from moisture, it is not afraid of temperature changes, and if necessary, it will not be difficult to clean the seams from it in order to replace it with a more professional grout mixture.

How much grouting material is required?

So, for high-quality finishing it is best to use special compounds industrial production. But how many of them need to be purchased?

Typically, on the packaging of the grout, the manufacturer indicates the average consumption of material per square meter of tiled surface. However, these data are very approximate, since they do not take into account the size of the tiles and the specific thickness of the joints.

Probably everyone understands what smaller tiles in size, the more it is laid per unit area and, therefore, the longer the total length of the seams. And the required amount of grout for tiles various types may vary significantly.

The general formula can be expressed as follows:

Ry = (L + M) / (L × M) × h × d × k

In the formula, alphabetic symbols indicate:

Ry– specific consumption grout per square meter area;

L And M– respectively, the length and width of the one selected for installation ceramic tiles(mm);

h– tile thickness (mm);

d– planned width of the gap between the tiles – joint thickness (mm);

k– coefficient taking into account density mortar mixture material. It would not be a big mistake to assume its value is approximately 1.7 ÷ 1.8 - most grout mixtures have exactly the same density (in kg/dm³).

The resulting value can only be multiplied by the area of ​​the surface covered with tiles and, to be on the safe side, add another 10% of the reserve:

Rsum= 1.1 ×Ry × S

S– area of ​​the surface to be tiled.

Rsum– the total amount of grout that needs to be purchased (in kilograms).

To make the task easier for the reader, a calculator is provided below calculation, which contains all the mentioned ratios, including the 10% reserve.

By grouting the joints after laying the tiles, you can achieve two significant results. Firstly, a harmonious surface is created that will fully comply with the design ideas. Secondly, the possibility of mold and mildew occurring is neutralized, and overall contamination is reduced. Naturally, the work must be carried out in compliance certain rules.

Exists certain period, which you must wait before executing necessary measures. Thus, grouting of ceramic tiles is carried out one day after laying the material. Much depends on the glue used. Why can't we wait longer? There are several reasons for this:

1. On the second day, the mixture used for cladding retains slight elasticity. This means that it will be easy to remove when cleaning the seams. Subsequently you will have to put in a lot more effort.
2. The moisture remaining in the solution helps better adhesion. Of course, it is possible to additionally wet the gaps. But this can lead to some disadvantages: it becomes liquid and less elastic. It is much more difficult to work with such a mixture.
3. Open seams quickly become dirty. Small particles of dust and dirt quickly get into open holes and clog them. This makes it much more difficult to apply the solution.

It becomes extremely clear that such work must be completed on time. Then it will be possible to obtain a coating that will meet all the necessary requirements.

Preparation of the solution

For work, you can use a ready-made mixture, which is sold in construction stores. It just needs to be mixed well before use. There are also dry solutions; they have to be diluted in advance. To prepare you will need the following:

• Water at room temperature. It is allowed to pre-settle so that possible inclusions settle to the bottom of the bucket.
• Mixing container. It should be convenient to work with and also be larger than the intended amount of mixture. It should be borne in mind that the amount of material prepared should be such that it is used up before drying begins.
• Spatula or trowel. This tool is necessary for kneading. Of course, you can use a drill with a mixer attachment, but given the small amount of mixture being prepared, this will be a pointless exercise. It’s better to do everything by hand to get the desired result and not collect the solution from the walls of the container.

The cooking process looks like this:

• Each grout for tile joints contains instructions from the manufacturer. It indicates the amount of water required to prepare the required volume of the mixture.
• Water is poured into the mixing container. Next, a small part of the material is poured. Now you should mix the composition well. If it turns out too dry, then add more water, or vice versa.
• All components must be diluted to a paste. After which the grouting solution is left for about five minutes. Then stirring is repeated.

The result is a homogeneous substance that has sufficient viscosity and elasticity. She is very comfortable to work with. But after some time, the properties will begin to deteriorate.

Grouting technology

It should be taken into account that grouting tile joints with your own hands is carried out in several stages. The area of ​​continuous work should be two square meters. This is how we manage to do everything efficiently. Of course, when there is sufficient experience, the process speeds up much.

Before grouting the tiles, prepare necessary tool: rubber spatula, grater, rags, sponge, spatula for forming a seam (smoother).

Immediately before applying the grout, you must prepare the necessary tools and rubber gloves

Further activities are as follows:

• When unglazed tiles are used, they are pre-moistened. This is done using a sponge, which helps water penetrate deep into the joints. But this must be done very carefully; drips and excess moisture must not be allowed to occur. When the material is glazed, this process can be skipped.
  

  Advice! It is better not to use tile sponges that are used for washing dishes. There are other options, they are sold in car service departments.

• The pre-prepared mixture is applied to a grout grater. The tool is placed at an angle of thirty degrees to the surface and begins to move it diagonally. This method is used because when moving horizontally or vertically, it is not possible to apply the composition evenly.

• The procedure for grouting tile joints requires some effort. You need to press down on the grater to fill all possible voids. You can also use a rubber spatula for this work. But then the process will take much longer. After all, you will have to press the solution in small portions throughout the entire work area. The spatula is great for hard to reach places and corners.
  

  On a note! Corners are a very noticeable place that is often overlooked. Therefore, work in such areas must be carried out very carefully.

• Having filled all the gaps in the selected area of ​​work, begin grouting using the dry method. To do this, clean the grater from any remaining mixture and place it at an angle of eighty degrees to the surface. And again, all movements are performed exclusively diagonally. This makes it possible to remove excess composition. It happens that the solution is unintentionally removed from the seam - then the mixture is reapplied.
• The surface is left for fifteen minutes. During this time, you can wipe down another area. Now it's time to use the wet method. To do this, moisten the sponge in water, very generously, and begin to move it diagonally. But before proceeding with these manipulations, check that the putty is no longer removed from the seam. You should experiment a little first.

• The next stage is coming. It resembles the previous one, but the differences are that the sponge is wrung out well. And the movements should be circular. Excessive pressure should be avoided. This is how you can remove the grout material. You must remember that the sponge must be constantly washed and wrung out well.
  

  On a note! This process can quickly ruin the sponge, rendering it useless. Therefore, you should have a spare product.

• The sealing of the seams between the tiles is not completed. Next, it's time to use special devices to form beautiful spaces between adjacent elements. It is convenient to use a special spatula; it looks like a small round stick. When the procedure is completed, the next turn of the sponge begins. It is carried parallel to the seam - erasing all excess. It is possible to obtain a rounded seam. If this is not required, then the gaps are simply leveled flush with the tiles.

A special round spatula allows you to form beautiful seams

It seems that DIY ceramic tile grouting is coming to an end. In fact, it should be taken into account that this event is quite long and requires further continuation. Now we need to wait until suture material dry enough, and you can begin to remove the remaining excess, which will be everywhere present on front side products.

For work, an indispensable sponge is used, which is washed and wrung out well. With quick movements it is carried along the surface for a length arm's length. Each next pass must be parallel to the previous one. If you do everything correctly, then in this way you can remove all the remaining solution. Of course, it will be difficult to do this completely, but it is not necessary. The main thing is to remove large excesses from the tiles, which will dry quickly.


Removing excess grout from tiles

Sealing

Sealing – necessary process, which is performed immediately after completion of the grouting work. It is needed to give the seam increased strength. This will protect it from exposure to various chemical substances and water. The choice of material is approached with the utmost care. For work, it is better to use compounds that are completely transparent. They are made on the basis of silicone.

On a note! This solution has quite specific smell, similar to ammonia. Therefore, it is better to perform work in a respirator.

The sealing process makes the seam more durable

Before sealing the joints with protective compounds, determine further actions that will be focused on the type of ceramic product:

• Material with applied glaze. All activities must be carried out very carefully. Such a surface is very easy to damage or even completely ruin. Therefore, the work area is additionally pasted over masking tape. And for work they use sealant in tubes, which is applied with a special gun.
• Products without glaze. Many craftsmen advise covering the entire surface, including tiles, with a protective composition. Of course, you will get a layer that will protect it from various influences, but this will ruin the entire appearance. In addition, there is a high probability that such a layer will peel off.

It becomes clear how to use grout and protective compounds. It is sometimes believed that such work does not require compliance with many of the steps described. You can apply the mixture and quickly form a seam. But the result will be quite disastrous. Therefore, only strict adherence to all technological processes– a guarantee of reliability, quality and attractive appearance.

VIDEO: how to properly rub seams on tiles

A modern market offering construction and facing materials, has a wide range. However, the leaders in this area have been identified a long time ago, and tiles are included in this list. This material is practical, durable, and attractive in appearance.

Laying tiles is possible with your own hands, and in order for the result of the work to be completed, it is used. She not only performs aesthetic role, but also practical, making the surface airtight and more durable.

A large number of companies are engaged in the production of grout mixtures. They differ in their type, purpose, quality, cost and other factors. Therefore, the choice of a specific option should be taken consciously.

About cooking regular moisture-resistant grout Between the seams of tiles in the bathroom, in the kitchen and in other rooms we will talk with our own hands below.

For the bathroom, kitchen and other rooms

You can use any mixture to grout joints in the kitchen. Its types have proven themselves most well in this room. They have the optimal ratio of durability and palette diversity. Resistance to chemicals and humidity levels is suitable for this type of room.

• The bathroom is characterized by regular temperature changes and high humidity. The use of cement-based grouts will significantly reduce their service life, in addition, there is a high risk of mold and mildew formation. For this room it is recommended to use silicone-based grout or epoxy resin. They also come in a variety of colors.
• For swimming pools, and external cladding It is better to use resin-based tile grout (furan and epoxy). They are designed for prolonged contact with water, exposure to acids and other chemicals, as well as regular loads.

Grouting tile joints in the bathroom is discussed in the video below:

For floors and walls

Polymer cement grouts are made from a polymer base, which makes them stronger and more durable.

• These compounds can be used for grouting walls in new buildings, since after the walls shrink, they will not crack, maintaining their original appearance and integrity.
• For others interior walls Suitable grouts based on cement and. A more durable and hardy option that can be used when exterior decoration And flooring, is an epoxy mixture.

When choosing a grout mixture, you should consider the location of their application. For exterior finishing and flooring, you should choose more expensive and durable compounds.

Also important option is to study the instructions for them, where the manufacturer indicates the areas of their use.

For ceramic and clinker products

• WITH ceramic tiles The grout intended for bathrooms is most often combined. It not only withstands temperature changes and high humidity, but also allows you to hide mistakes made during the installation process. Its color is selected depending on the color scheme of the tile, performing, in addition to a practical, also a decorative function.
• For styling clinker tiles a grout is required for joints, which has high level adhesion to the material, resistance to temperature changes and high humidity. In addition, it must allow steam to pass through to extend the life of the tile.

Read below to learn how to choose the color of the mixture for grouting ceramic tiles.

How to choose a base color

Before direct purchase ready-made composition, a number of nuances should be taken into account:

1. Dark shades of grout will provide contrast to the tile, highlighting its pattern.
2. The use of light shades will ensure a visual monochrome of the surface, making it a single whole. This option is optimal for hiding seams of different widths.
3. White grout is considered less practical, since any dirt on it is visible. Also, the use of white seams has fallen out of fashion.
4. When laying mosaics, it is better to use transparent grout, which will make the pattern whole.
5. You can create an unusual surface effect by using gold, silver and pearlescent grout.
6. The optimal grout color is a difference of 1-2 shades from the surface itself.

Read about how to prepare grout for joints between tiles in the next section.

How to make a mortar for grouting tiles

Ready-made grout mixtures can be mixed with water or latex-based liquid additives. Its volume should be selected in such quantity that the result is a plastic mixture that is easily distributed over the tile. Excessive liquid will degrade the performance of the grout, making it weaker. The proportions must be strictly observed with the recommendations on the packaging.

During the mixing process, add ¾ of the entire liquid to a clean container, then add all the dry components into it and mix thoroughly. The remaining liquid is added in small portions under careful control of consistency.

To ensure high-quality mixing of all components, you can use special mixers or trowels. In this case, the mixer itself is completely immersed in the solution to prevent air from entering. At the end of the procedure, the prepared solution is left for 5-10 minutes, after which it is used as directed.

This video will show you how to grout tiles:

Application technology

Before you start grouting, you need to treat the old seams and thoroughly clean the surface. After this stage, all the tools necessary for grouting the tile joints are prepared. Namely:

• A clean container for mixing the solution;
• Container with water or other liquid;
• Spatula made of rubber and steel;
• Sponge for cleaning the surface;
• Grout gun.

The finished mixture is applied to a steel spatula, from which a small amount is taken with a rubber spatula. The seams are filled at a slight angle and to their full depth. Residues are also removed with a rubber spatula, running it parallel to each gap. The first application process will show how much mixture is needed for the seam. The entire surface area is processed using the same principle.

After the solution has been applied, you need to wait about half an hour and then clean the surface with a damp sponge. These actions should be carried out in a circular motion and the sponge should be cleaned regularly, otherwise streaks will appear on the tiles.

If, during the grouting process, poorly processed seams were identified, the grouting process is repeated, followed by cleaning the tiles. To improve the aesthetic effect, a special varnish is applied to the seams.

We’ll talk further about the cost of materials for grouting tiles and the price for the work.

Cost of work and materials

Creating grout or restoring seams using the services of craftsmen will cost about 500 rubles per 1 sq. m. m. Depending on the experience and qualifications of the master, the cost can vary significantly. To save costs, you can do this work yourself, having first studied its technology.

The cost of finished grout will also differ depending on its type and country of origin. A simpler version will cost 150-200 rubles. for 2 kg. When preparing grout yourself, costs are taken into account depending on the number of components used.

Popular brands of prepared foods

1. Ceresit;
2. Baulux;
3. Atlas;
4. Mapei;
5. Knauf.

Using grout for joints allows you to extend the life of the tiles, protect the integrity of the masonry, and also give it a finished aesthetic appearance. A variety of compositions allows you to choose best option by type of room, choice of material and financial capabilities.

A bunch of useful tips on grouting ceramic tiles is contained in this video tutorial:

The final stage of laying tiles is grouting. In this article we will talk about how to make grout, what role it plays and what is needed for this work.

Why is grout needed?

The joints between the tiles are the spaces at the junctions of different fragments. Their width can vary from 2 to 5 mm. The width of the seam is determined by the width of the tile; the larger it is, the wider the seam.

The resulting space is filled with special grout. There are several reasons for this:

1. The wall will breathe through these seams.
2. It improves the quality of tile adhesion.
3. Protects the tile adhesive layer from negative impact moisture.
4. Due to the dampness, the likelihood of dampness and mold formation is eliminated.
5. Performs decorative role. You can choose the grout different colors, for example, to match the cladding or as a contrast.

The quality of the composition affects final result.

Choice of grout

When choosing, the following factors must be taken into account:


Color. The chosen color affects the final result, whether it will be beautiful or not. You can select individual elements or to emphasize a certain pattern, the grout can be contrasting. If you want to create a monolithic picture, the color of the grout should match the tile. There are no restrictions in this matter, it all depends on personal preference and vision of the final result.

Properties and composition. This is another one important point, to which attention is drawn. May contain different components, for example, epoxy resin, Portland cement, alabaster, gypsum, etc. The composition depends on the purpose of the grout.

If grouting tiles is done in a very damp room, the grout should be water-repellent. If we are talking about floor cladding, then the mixture must be resistant to abrasion and contain the appropriate components.

Purpose. Be sure to make an individual choice for floor and wall tiles. Wall mixture is not suitable for the floor, since under heavy load it will quickly wear out and will need updating. The floor requires a tenacious mixture.

Cooking rules

Choosing the right mixture for grout joints, let's consider the basic rules for its preparation. An easy way to avoid mistakes is to follow the instructions on the package.

The manufacturer indicates the proportions in which the dry mixture should be mixed with water. If you bought a ready-made solution, then it does not need to be prepared, except that you should just mix it.

If the proportions are not observed when mixing the dry mixture, the mass may turn out to be too liquid. As a result, it will flow out of the joint. If it is too thick, it is unlikely that you will be able to make a high-quality grout.

Important! Failure to comply with the proportions leads to a decrease in the quality and strength of the grout.

In most cases, there is about 300 ml of water per 1 kg of dry mixture. The liquid should be at room temperature. With these proportions, the mixture will have the consistency of sour cream. This mixture is easy to work with. You won't need to put in much effort.

Sequencing

The entire work process consists of several successive stages:

1. Preparation of the mixture.
2. Distribution of grout into the tile joint.
3. Cleaning seams from excess.

For work, prepare the following set of items:

• Protective glasses.
• Grout.
• Respirator (in case of mixing cement mixture).
• Container for clean water.
• Clean cloth and sponge.
• Mixing container.
• Rubber spatula.
• Gloves.
• Brush.
• Rectangular trowel.

If the grout is diluted, place a small portion on the surface of the tile with a rubber spatula. To evenly distribute the mortar into the seams, use a rectangular trowel or a regular rubber spatula.

The correct sequence of actions when grouting tiles - expert advice

Hold the spatula at an angle of 30° and distribute the grout diagonally between the seams. Go over the surface of the tile with a spatula three times.

The mixture should fill the existing cladding joints well. The higher the density, the better. If installed on the corners decorative corner, then grout is also placed in the existing cracks.

note

The grout is distributed gradually over the entire area. First fill the joints in an area of ​​2 m2 and gradually move forward.

Don't make a big batch right away. The mixture may set, especially if you are not yet skilled at this work. During this work, spaces near sockets, heated towel rail mounts and other plumbing elements must be filled.

Grouting using a special bag

Many people decide to simplify their task and use a special grout bag. The principle of its operation resembles a pastry bag. A tip is attached to the end of the bag. The width of the tip should match the gap between the tiles.

After this, the grouting mass is prepared and poured into the bag. Next, through the hole, the mixture is squeezed directly into the joint between the tiles.

Before doing this, point the tip directly to the joint. As you squeeze out the grout, move the bag until the seam is completely filled.

First, fill the horizontal seams, and then vertically. It is necessary to squeeze out the solution in larger portions than may seem necessary. The composition will still be compacted.

There shouldn't be any problems when working on the wall. The essence of working with tile joints on the floor is almost the same. We will look at several nuances.

Simplification of work is achieved by using a construction float, which has a rubber pad. At arm's length, spread the grout with sweeping movements.

To achieve the desired result, the mixture should be slightly thinner. This method is only possible when laying smooth tiles. If the surface is textured and has protrusions, then the mixture will fill all the pores. Afterwards you will have to spend a lot of time cleaning the tiles.

Important! Regarding processing floor tiles, then be sure to choose those compounds that are resistant to possible stress.

How to deal with cracking

One common problem is cracking of the seams between tiles. Most often, this problem is characteristic of cement-based compositions.

There can be many reasons for this, for example:

• Sudden changes in temperature.
• Exposure to hot water.
• Floating wooden floor.
• Incorrect mixing when grouting.

If a crack is discovered, it should be repaired immediately. Water can have a negative effect on tile adhesive and substrate. This may cause mold to form.

There are several ways to get rid of cracks. For example, completely unstitch the seams and fill them again new mixture. If the cracks are in the initial stages, then take the dry mixture and thoroughly rub it into the seams.

It is more effective to prevent this problem. The preparation of the mixture must be in accordance with existing proportions. The solution should have medium viscosity. After kneading, let the mixture sit for up to 5 minutes, and then re-mix and work with it.

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During the drying process, it is unacceptable to ventilate the room or turn on the heating for quick drying. The grout should dry in the most natural temperature environment possible.

Conclusion
So, here we are, learning how to grout tile joints. We looked at the technology of this process and how to implement everything correctly. We hope this material was useful to you. In conclusion, we suggest watching a master class on grouting clinker floor tiles:

Tile seams without additional processing may lose not only their attractive appearance, but also their performance characteristics. If you do not provide protection from moisture, over time the grout will begin to deteriorate, the tiles will begin to loosen and fall out. Seams also need protection from chemicals, because detergent accelerates their destruction. Our article will help you decide what kind of impregnation is needed for tile joints and how to use it.

All numerous protective compounds and impregnations for tile joints can be divided into several main categories.

Protective compounds and impregnations are divided by composition:

• Polymer varnishes.
• Acrylic sealants.
• Silicone sealants.
• Latex-based protective compounds.

There are also types of funds according to their intended purpose:

• Protective. The seams are protected from mechanical and chemical damage. Suitable for working with old tiles.
  
• Strengthening. Strengthening compounds are intended for low-price cement-based putties. They must be applied before the cement putty has completely set. The protective composition will penetrate deep and strengthen the structure.
  
• Moisture resistant. The seams will be protected from subsequent cracking. Used for tile joints in bathrooms or other rooms with high humidity.
  
• Universal. Such compositions can be used for grouting, as well as as a separate impregnation. These hybrid mixtures do not require re-processing, since they themselves contain impregnation in their composition.
  

What seams need to be treated?

As a rule, the manufacturer indicates on the grout label information about whether the grouted joint needs to be further processed. Some modern views They allow you to avoid grouting, as they already contain protective (anti-fungal or sealing) additives.

The putty may require protection from moisture (use a water repellent) or other influences external environment. Before purchasing impregnation, you need to clarify which impregnation the manufacturers recommend using.

1. Surface various types tiles (porcelain tiles, tiles, cotto) may react differently to the application of impregnation for tile joints. Some impregnations may be incompatible with a particular type, so you need to study the manufacturer's recommendations for working on seams.
2. Cement-based putty needs increased protection from moisture. Such putties on the seams do not have any protection against moisture.
3. Putties based on polymer (epoxy) resin are much better protected from high humidity. These putties should be coated with protective or decorative compositions. They protect against abrasions, stains, and exposure to household chemicals.
4. Tile seams of floor tiles, as well as joints near walls, are most often filled with water and are subject to mechanical stress, so they need to be treated first. Use a water repellent.
5. For processing joints with light or colored grout, polymer joint varnish is well suited. Without protective impregnation, such grout will inevitably begin to fade and become dirty.
6. To protect and enhance the brightness of light-colored or colored ceramic tile joints, use a glossy protective compound. To do this, you can use glossy polymer varnishes.

Many modern protective compounds simultaneously have protective water-repellent properties and can be used to treat ceramic tile joints in any room. Information about the properties and purposes of using the impregnation can be found in the description on the label. Experts recommend more often paying attention to an effective water repellent, because seams in more humid rooms are constantly competing with water.

Cement-based putties must be treated with sealing compounds. Without additional treatment, destruction will begin over time.

On video: how to effectively protect tile joints.

Applying protective impregnation to seams

After grouting, the seams must be completely dry. The grout mixture has different manufacturers will different period dry and ready for further processing.

To be on the safe side, you can avoid touching the sealed surface for a week. During this time, everything is guaranteed to dry out.

Before application, you need to isolate the tiles from contact with the protective composition. For example, you can carefully glue it with paper tape and leave only the seams uncovered. This will be better for tiles with a monotonous or one-color pattern, on which various defects are more noticeable.

The seams between the tiles are coated with a thin brush. This method guarantees high-quality, uniform coverage. Compositions with deep penetrating ability are applied in 2 layers, since the first layer is almost completely absorbed into the grout. A double layer will provide the best protection.

Impregnation can change the color of the grout to an undesirable one, so you need to first test the impregnation on small area, which does not come into view. You can make a test sample from tile scraps.

Cover the material with impregnation subject to certain temperature and air humidity levels. These indicators are indicated on the label. If they are not followed, the impregnation may lose its properties and even begin to fall off. It is best to use a universal impregnating water repellent.

After applying the protective impregnation, it will be better to leave it for 1-2 days to completely dry and harden. After this, further processing can be carried out.

A few tips to help give the new kind for old tile joints:

• If they are not subject to destruction or cracking, which is caused by moisture or mechanical stress, then they can simply be treated with one layer of impregnation deep penetration. It protects from destruction.
• Colored seams can be cleaned and renewed acrylic paint, then apply a layer of protective impregnation (acrylic or polymer)
• Dirt is removed with a toothbrush and bleach. Treat heavy soiling baking soda with vinegar. Soda is poured in, then vinegar is poured in. Happening chemical reaction, which pushes dirt out of the pores.

Polymer varnish is perfect for processing cement joint. It completely saturates the seam, strengthens its structure and provides complete protection from moisture.