February is on the threshold of spring. And with a significant increase in days, gardeners begin to prepare for spring. It’s time to start growing seedlings, preparing seed potatoes for planting and, of course, replenishing the missing varieties vegetable crops, repair and renew gardening equipment. It is necessary to repair the greenhouse frames in time, put together or correct the seed boxes. Buy gardening tools and materials for covering greenhouses and greenhouses from spring frosts- Shouldn’t we get them now?

In addition to big things, there are also small ones. One of the small tasks: warm up and dry the cucumber seeds. Hang bags of cucumber seeds near a radiator or near the stove. As the old masters believed, heated seeds germinate faster.

The end of winter is the time to worry about the seeds. Every gardener usually has some old seeds left over. There is no need to throw them away: the seeds of many vegetable crops can remain viable for 4-8 years. For example, in tomato, cucumber, melon, watermelon, pumpkin, zucchini, squash. Seeds of cucumber, cabbage, and radish do not lose their germination for three to four years; a year older - beets, watermelon and pumpkins. Pea and corn seeds remain viable for 5 - 7 years. Many gardeners take cucumber and pumpkin seeds for sowing not in the first year. Better than the second or third, it is believed that they are more productive because they have more female flowers (for the ovary). This does not apply to hybrid varieties. In the third or fourth year, the sowing quality of cabbage, beets, radishes, eggplant, spinach, carrots, peppers, sorrel, peas and beans may decrease. After a year or two, the seeds of dill, parsley, spinach, parsnips, lettuce and onions may become ungerminating. They require careful testing for germination. But still, 50 - 70% seed germination is considered normal. In addition, seed germination depends not only on shelf life, but also on storage conditions.

In fact, for sowing, they stock up on varietal seeds in specialized stores. What usually confuses you when buying seeds? After all, there are many varieties of cucumbers or tomatoes. Don't get lost! Decide when and where you will sow: in a greenhouse or in the ground. Usually, the growing season and growing conditions are written on bags of seeds. Decide which variety you want - early ripening, mid ripening or late ripening. For example, tomatoes can have different stem lengths and can vary in fruit shape and color. Read the labels, don’t take everything, consult the seller. It is better to choose varieties that are local or more suitable for your area.

When growing vegetables, vegetable growers try to beat time - that is, beat the deadlines in order to get the harvest early. Therefore, there are those who are engaged in “sowing” even before the snow melts. How it's done? Glue the seeds onto paper strips. By rolling out paper rolls on prepared soil in the spring, you thereby free yourself from the labor-intensive work of sowing seeds - this operation was performed in winter in room conditions. Here is one of many examples of “sowing” cucumbers, carrots, turnips, and radishes. First, the seeds are checked for germination: one teaspoon of salt is dissolved in 1 glass of water. This solution is used to check. For some seeds (carrots, dill, lettuce, turnips), you need to help them get wet. They are placed in gauze, held under running water (room temperature) and then placed in saline solution. After 15 minutes, the floated, lightweight ones are thrown away, and the settled seeds are washed from salt in clean water and placed in a slightly pink solution of potassium permanganate for 1-2 minutes for disinfection. Then they dry it and after a day, glue the seeds onto paper with starch paste.

A starch paste is prepared as follows: take one teaspoon of starch for half a glass of cold water and mix well; then, stirring, heat until the mass becomes creamy, and do not bring to a boil. The paste cools, it is taken with a match with cotton wool wound around the tip and touched to the paper. One seed is placed on a speck of paste. The distances are usually maintained as follows: cucumber seeds are sown in a checkerboard pattern according to a pattern of 10 x 10 cm; carrots - in 3 rows with a distance in the row of 2 cm and between rows of 6 - 7 cm; turnip seeds are also in 3 rows with a gap of 5 cm in the row and 5 - 6 cm between the rows; radishes in 4 rows, and in a row there are also 4 cm and between rows 4 - 5 cm. In the spring, all that remains is to prepare the soil, water it abundantly, roll out paper strips, sprinkle with sand in the form of mulch and cover with earth on top. Here you have the first sowing in the ground at the end of April - beginning of May (and as for the sowing time, it is better to be guided by your local conditions). By “sowing” the vegetable grower gains time.

But if this method does not suit you or is not correct, let’s leave it, well, at least for grandmothers, and read on.

It is known that, in relation to temperature conditions, vegetable crops are divided into cold-resistant and heat-demanding. The first group includes onions and garlic, sorrel, rhubarb, dill, lettuce, spinach, cabbage, root vegetables, and peas. Their seeds are able to germinate at a temperature of 1 - 3 degrees Celsius. And their seedlings are resistant to frost: they can withstand -3, even -6 degrees below zero (Celsius).

Heat-demanding crops: cucumber, zucchini, squash, pumpkin, tomato, pepper, eggplant, beans, beans. For seed germination they need quite high temperature, not lower than 12 - 14 degrees Celsius. Their seedlings can barely withstand only about 0 degrees. More severe frosts kill both seedlings and real leaves and productive organs.

It turns out that we cannot plant and sow all these vegetables at the same time.

In addition, our country is large, it has a huge extent from west to east, and there is a big difference in weather conditions from north to south. Therefore, sowing times are different for different regions and there is no clear answer to the question of when to plant this or that vegetable. We can only roughly recommend, but more precisely, vegetable growers are guided by local weather conditions.

When the month of March arrives, it is not yet close to sowing in open ground. By March popular expression“It’s winter both behind and in front.” Therefore, many vegetable growers, in order to speed up the cultivation of especially heat-demanding crops, begin growing seedlings. The season for growing seedlings begins at the end of February and lasts in March and April, depending on the place of residence of gardeners. This is how tomatoes, eggplants, peppers, cucumbers, pumpkins and cabbage are grown in seedlings.

In large farms, stationary greenhouses are used for growing seedlings, where plants can be grown regardless of weather conditions, using heating, fluorescent lamps for lighting, watering and heating water to the desired temperature. There, technology is used to maintain lighting conditions, apply fertilizers and various methods pest control. Many people simply go to a specialty store and buy seedlings.

But if someone wants to grow seedlings themselves, they start growing them either simply indoors or using greenhouses or greenhouses. In this case, it is important to determine the time of sowing seedlings. This time may vary. Firstly, it depends on the geographical location of your residence. Somewhere seedlings begin to be sown at the end of February, somewhere in March and even in April. Secondly, what type of plant - tomatoes, or peppers, or eggplant, or cucumber - do you want to have. And thirdly, what variety. In the second and third cases, you will have to estimate how long your seedlings will be when you start planting them in the ground, or maybe just leave them to grow in the greenhouse. After all, if you sow too early, the seedlings may outgrow, that is, by the time of planting they will bloom and then you will definitely lose the first color when transplanting; or the seedlings are so big that you planted them, but then there was frost and all the seedlings died. Or you sowed an early variety, then estimate when it blooms so that you have time to plant it before flowering.

To grow seedlings, gardeners use wooden boxes with collapsible partitions or with homemade cups from scrap materials. Or they buy plastic boxes and cups. Boxes with crops are displayed as usual on sunny windowsill. Or they move a bookcase or table in the window. Someone takes out the inner frame, places it on the table, fixes the frame on the table at a distance of 70-80 cm from the outer frame, both frames must have windows for ventilation.

The interframe space is covered with plastic film and boxes with seedlings are placed there. You can even make it in two tiers. During the day the temperature there rises to 20-25 degrees, at night 10-12 degrees. Over time, when it gets warmer outside and the greenhouse is prepared, in April the boxes with seedlings are transferred to the greenhouse or placed in a greenhouse for a day.

In March (or maybe in April, it all depends on where you live), it’s time to start preparing potatoes for planting: tubers sprouted in the light and warmed up allow you to harvest earlier. Germination is carried out in different ways. Someone first washes the tubers in warm water, removing pathogens and Colorado potato beetle larvae from the surface. Well-washed potatoes germinate better and do not emit foreign odors in the room. At the beginning of germination, the useful temperature is 20 degrees Celsius, but after a few days it is reduced to 12-14 degrees. heat. The temperature should not be greatly reduced so as not to weaken the germination of tubers. Potatoes are placed in glass 3-liter jars of 2 kg each or in translucent ones plastic bags with holes for gas exchange. Germination takes 30-40 days at a temperature of 12-14 degrees at natural or artificial lighting. Many gardeners place green potatoes to warm up. It is better stored, is not touched by rodents and suffers less from spring frosts.

Greenhouses and greenhouses

At the end of March - beginning of April, gardeners set up greenhouses and greenhouses. For a greenhouse, choose a sunny area protected from the wind, mainly on a southern slope. The bed sits under the film for two weeks until the soil warms up. Covering with film prevents frost from killing the plants. The greenhouse also helps to avoid excess moisture for areas with excessive moisture. There they make a sand cushion under the base. Where plants do not require too high a temperature, which is formed in a greenhouse under a film on a sunny day, and to prevent the seedlings from being cooked, vegetable growers began to use spunbond covering material. It protects against frost down to -5 degrees and protects against overheating.

When the soil in the greenhouse or hothouse warms up enough, vegetable growers transfer all work with the plants there. There you can harden seedlings of tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, cucumbers, and pumpkins by fencing off a place for them with film. There you can get good seedlings cabbage Grow radishes, kohlrabi cabbage, onions, salads, dill, and grow celery seedlings even earlier. After all, celery seeds germinate very slowly.

Celery seeds begin to germinate after 3-4 weeks, during which time they germinate in the box. Then they are scattered on a bed in a greenhouse and in mid-May the celery seedlings can be transplanted into the ground. Part of the greenhouse can be used for planting early tomatoes and cucumbers or for vernalization of potatoes.

Vegetable growers know that the seeds of most vegetables begin to sprout faster if they are prepared. To do this, disinfect the seeds, keep them moist in a dark place (in a cloth, in a matting), for some room temperature, for others, in a cool (cellar) place until they hatch, that is, until the seeds have sprouts and roots and you can start sowing. Then the growing period is reduced and you will get the harvest faster. This applies to crops in a greenhouse and in the same way to crops in the ground.

Sprouts of cucumbers, radishes, turnips, radishes should appear on the 7th day after the start of germination; in most other crops on the 10th - 14th day; and for asparagus at a temperature of 25 degrees Celsius - only on the 21st day. Germination of seeds of pumpkin, cucumber, peas, tomatoes, beets, sunflowers, corn, beans, garlic cloves and their subsequent disinfection is commonplace. Then they need to be sown and planted.
Spring is noticeable when the melt water runs around. The flood will subside and the earth will begin to dry out. The days of the gardener are coming. Don't miss out!

With the arrival of warmer weather, emphasis is placed on open ground. In April and May, even at the beginning of summer, people keep planting and sowing something. So let's see when else you need to plant vegetables. Where to start? Since the echoes of winter have not yet gone away, let's start with the most frost-resistant ones.

Radishes are sown in the ground first. Now this is perhaps the most common and most beloved spring vegetable, ready for the table in less than a month. Cold-resistant, but moisture-loving. Its time is when the soil is just ripe for cultivation. In many areas, its sowing period is the end of April - May. But we have places in the country where snow will fall at the beginning of May, by May 15th the heat will be 30 degrees, and at the beginning of June it will be only 8 - 10 degrees Celsius. Here, gardeners can choose for themselves when and what to plant.

Northern turnip is not afraid of cold weather. Its seeds germinate at a temperature of 1-2 degrees Celsius. And the seedlings tolerate frosts. During the warm period, turnips can be sown twice, at the end of April - beginning of May and at the end of June - beginning of July.

You can also sow dill twice. And when you start rolling up jars in the fall, the second harvest of dill will come in handy.

Rhubarb, although not very common, is unpretentious, frost-resistant, and loves sunny places. It grows in one place for 10 - 15 years, and reproduces mainly by dividing the bush.

Let's take first garlic. With garlic, you need to keep in mind that there is spring garlic and winter garlic. Spring garlic is annual and is planted in places where the winter is harsh and there is little snow. There, winter garlic does not survive and freezes. Spring garlic is planted in early spring, since in the earliest period it needs low temperatures. Don't forget that planting times largely depend on your place of residence. Plant the outer cloves of spring garlic after soaking them in water for 2-3 hours and germinating them in a cool, dark and humid place.

Another thing is winter garlic, which is also divided into non-shooting winter garlic and bolting winter garlic. In non-shooting varieties, the outer cloves are used for planting. Shooting varieties have cloves and bulbs for planting. Please note that planting of all winter varieties of garlic is done not in the spring, but in September-October, so that the cloves and bulbs can take root before the cold snaps. And for your information, the embedment depth for non-shooters is -6 cm, for shooters - 8 cm. Between plants 10cm, row spacing 25-30cm.

Now the bow. Not everything is simple with onions either.

Onion It is characterized by high winter hardiness and early regrowth immediately after the snow melts. Seeds are sown in the second half of July; if by dividing the bush, then it is better to do it a month later.

Multi-tiered onion grows in one place for 5-7 years. The most precocious. It is propagated by root and aerial bulbs. They are planted in August - September so that they can take root before the cold weather.
Leek - 2-year-old, cold-resistant, light-loving. Seeds are stored for 3 years. It is good to sow its seeds between the rows of carrots for compaction.

Bulb onions, its varieties are well known to everyone. It is undemanding to heat; seedlings tolerate frosts down to 1-5 degrees below zero. In the first year it can be grown from seeds. But they are usually grown from sets. The seedlings need to be well prepared: for this they are heated for 2 weeks, then disinfected, at least in a slightly pink solution of potassium permanganate, and planted at the end of April - in May.

It's time to sow carrots. Not many gardeners do it in late autumn. Carrots are usually sown early. The seeds are sorted in water, as already mentioned above, then placed for a day or two between damp rags, disinfected, again at least with a solution of potassium permanganate, allowed to dry and mixed with 5 parts of sand to ensure uniform sowing. If you make wide row spacings of 20 cm, then watercress or leeks are sown for compaction.

Sowing follows parsley, spinach, coriander (cilantro), parsnips, peas. Peas germinate at 1-2 degrees Celsius and can withstand frost. Parsley is the most demanding of soil. Its seeds must be germinated before sowing. Sowing is similar to sowing carrots. Parsnip seeds germinate at a temperature of 5-6 degrees Celsius, but better warmth plus 16--18 degrees. Shoots appear in the 3rd week after sowing.

Now cabbage. Kohlrabi, we have already mentioned it, is unpretentious, takes up little space, ripens early, and is suitable as a spring or early summer vegetable for salad.

Cauliflower cold-resistant, temperatures of 2-3 degrees Celsius are tolerated normally and can be planted in early May.

Brussels sprouts are resistant to low temperatures, growing at 5-8 degrees Celsius, and more favorable temperatures for them are 8-12-15 degrees Celsius.

And our main cabbage is white cabbage. Its seedlings are sold early, and it begins to grow at 5-6 degrees Celsius, and considers 15-16 degrees favorable.

When should I sow beets? So let's do the math. Beetroot has balls for planting. Each glomerulus then produces 2-3 plants, which is why thickened seedlings are obtained. Well, this doesn’t bother us, then we can thin them out and the plants will go into cabbage soup, or we can try planting them in damp weather. But the balls for planting are soaked for about a day, disinfected and slightly dried and immediately sown in a sunny area. At a soil temperature of 5 degrees Celsius, seedlings will appear in 3 weeks. If the soil warms up to 15 degrees Celsius, then the plants will appear on the 5th - 6th day. The calculation is that the warmer the soil, the faster the seedlings will appear. It turns out that beets need to be sown later than carrots.

Potatoes behave in much the same way. If you want to grow early potatoes, do not think that they are called early because they need to be planted as early as possible. It is early because the earliest ripening potato varieties can grow tubers in 50 - 60 days, and the latest ripening varieties in 100 - 120 days. You can’t plant potatoes too early, but you also shouldn’t delay it, because the yield will be reduced. We choose a time when there is no longer frost, so that the seedlings do not freeze and the temperature is such that the plants quickly grow. It is believed that the norm for potatoes is when the soil at a depth of 10 cm warms up to 6-8 degrees. But it depends on what soil you grow potatoes in. You don’t have to bury it so deeply, especially early potatoes. Higher up the soil is better warmed up and then you can plant at + 3 - +5 degrees.

The month of May is May. When temperatures go to +13 - +14 and there are definitely no frosts and in order not to lose moisture, we will continue planting heat-demanding crops without delay. Someone wants to have corn, sunflowers, beans and beans in their garden. For these sun lovers, it is better to germinate the seeds. The sunflower could have been sown earlier. It is drought-resistant and does not do well in damp and cold climates. Corn also loves the sun, but this plant short day, so in the conditions of our long days it is not always possible. Beans and broad beans do not tolerate frost.

The most light-loving and heat-loving ones remain and are very beloved by us. We plant cucumbers, pumpkins, squash, and zucchini with sprouted seeds. Cucumbers and pumpkins bear fruit better when planted with seeds 2-3 years old. Those who have greenhouses can transplant cucumber and pumpkin seedlings into the ground or leave the cucumbers in the greenhouse. For cucumbers, the temperature should be at least 15 degrees Celsius. Pumpkin tolerates it better cold weather than cucumbers (cold - not frozen). The last to be planted are tomato, pepper and eggplant seedlings. Tomatoes, that is, tomatoes, like drier air, and cucumbers like moister air.

Heat- and light-demanding crops are fastidious plants, and we know well that growing them can be very difficult or even impossible in our place, even with all our desire. There are places where it grows well onion, in others cabbage grows well, in some pumpkins grow well, in others tomatoes and peppers grow well. Plant what grows well in your garden and you will know when to plant vegetables and will be satisfied.

Have a rich harvest!

Latest tips section “House and Cottage”:

Purpose, use of sandblasting machines: equipment rental

Even beginner gardeners have every chance to achieve results no worse than experienced gardeners. To do this, you need to adhere to the timing of sowing seeds for seedlings, having first selected the right planting material and prepared the container and soil.

Each garden culture has its own characteristics, so you need to know when to plant the seeds of peppers, tomatoes, cucumbers or eggplants. Everyone's favorite dahlias, petunias and geraniums also have their own sowing dates, which determine the timeliness and duration of their decorative period.

Moon phases and their influence on the timing of seed sowing

Contrary to many opinions, you should start planting seeds for seedlings immediately after New Year's holidays. Since the planting season begins in January, it is very important not to miss anything.

There are several criteria by which you can determine the exact timing of sowing seeds for seedlings. Such information will be especially useful when growing new flower crops or varieties of vegetables.

Beneficial and negative influence of the moon on various cultures

The moon influences the development of all plants on the planet. Many processes occurring at the cellular level depend on one state or another. The most favorable phase for planting seedlings - the growing moon. During this period, plants begin to actively develop, metabolism and sap movement increase. In the waxing phase of the moon, it’s time to plant seeds for seedlings in order to get friendly shoots and healthy sprouts.

It is not recommended to sow anything during the full moon or during the waning phase of the moon. During these periods, it is better to care for already growing plants, hill them up and feed them. The most unfavorable period for all living things there is a new moon, the day before it and the day after it. During these three days, it is better not to touch the plants at all, so as not to deprive them of vitality and energy. Planting anything is also not recommended.

Thus, the most unfavorable phases of the moon for the beginning of the planting season are the new moon and the full moon.

Planting seeds for seedlings according to the lunar calendar

• January - 1, 2, 11, 12, 13, 27, 28, 29;
• February - 4, 10, 11, 12 and 24, 25, 26, 27;
• March - 5, 11, 12, 13 and 20, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28;
• April - 10, 11, 12, 19 and 20, 21, 25, 26.

When to start planting seeds for seedlings

Each variety and type of plant has its own planting and planting dates, which depend on the length of the growing season, and must be indicated on the package with seeds. If you are harvesting yourself, or a neighbor shared planting material with you from last year’s harvest, you will have to calculate the time for planting seedlings yourself.

Development from seed planting to the first leaves in some crops takes 1.5-2 months, while in others it takes 5 or more. Plants with a long period of “black soil” begin to be planted in seedling boxes in January, and fast-growing ones - in March or even April.

• growing season of the plant;
• time of planting in the ground.

By adding the first value to the second value, you get the approximate time for sowing seedlings. Next, after checking the lunar calendar, you can begin planting.

When to sow vegetable seeds for seedlings

In order to plant plants with a long germination period in the ground on time, it is necessary to begin preparing seedlings in January. The start of work depends on the crops and their varieties.

What vegetables to plant in January

In January, it is necessary to choose late-ripening varieties of vegetables with the longest growing season. In the second half of the month there comes a time when you can start planting pepper seeds for seedlings.

• Lumina;
• Ivanhoe;
• Triton;
• Bell;
• Lisa.

Suitable varieties:

• tomatoes - Cosmonaut, Yellow date, Cherry.
• blue ones - King of the North F1, Nutcracker F1, black handsome.

What seeds to sow in February for seedlings

• tomatoes: De Barao, RIO GRAND, Supergiant F1;
• eggplant: Quarte, Nancy, Lilac mist;
• cucumbers: Secret, Brownie F1, Phoenix.

What seeds to sow in March for seedlings

In the first ten days of March, namely the 3rd or 7th-8th, you can start with early ripening tomatoes, the development period of seedlings before planting in the soil is 40-45 days.

The following varieties are suitable for this: Mandarin, Alpha F1, Superstar, Golden Brush, Cupid F1, Aphrodite. These seedlings are only suitable for planting in a greenhouse. For open ground - planting after the twentieth.

In the second half of March, a favorable phase of the moon begins, when you should plant the seeds of cauliflower and white cabbage for seedlings, sweet peppers, onions and radishes. March 17, 22 and 30 are ideal for melons and legumes.

Many are accustomed to buying planting material already in the form ready seedlings. For example, onions - small bulbs (onion sets), which are immediately planted in open ground. It is much more economical to germinate them yourself. Packaging seeds will cost you much less than ready-made seedlings.

What vegetables to sow in April

In the first days of April (4,5 and 6) you can start growing early ripening cucumbers, which in a month can be planted in a greenhouse. These include the following varieties: April F1, German F1, Kustovoy, Zozulya, Sphinx, Benefit F1, Orlik F1.

At the beginning of April, you can already store seedlings in boxes in the greenhouse itself. This will gradually prepare the young shoots for new conditions. But you should carefully monitor the temperature at night, as there is still a high probability of frost.

Flowers and berries: when to plant seeds for seedlings

Choose flower varieties that have an early and long flowering period. You don’t need to purchase many species; 4-6 crops will be enough, and your flower beds will be fragrant with aromas and delight you with bright colors in the summer.

Sowing seeds for seedlings in January

In the first ten days of January, namely on the 7th, the period of sowing flowers begins. The longest growing season is for the following species: Begonia, Lobenia, Turkish carnation, Heliotrope. The germination period of these crops is from 2 to 4 weeks, and the first flowers will appear after 5.5-6 months.

January 21 and 25 are the best days according to the lunar calendar, when it is especially good to plant petunia seeds for seedlings. These flowers will decorate your garden throughout the summer.

Among the berry crops, strawberries and strawberries are planted in January. Early planting will allow you to grow strong seedlings, and spring bushes are usually weak and take longer to develop.

The second half of January is the most suitable period when sowing strawberry seeds. To get a good berry harvest, you need to choose the best varieties remontant strawberries: Desna, Bereginya, Gigantella, Maxi, Carpathian beauty. Strawberry seeds should also be planted in January.

The most favorable days: from 3-4, 10-11, January, as well as 30 and 31. The following varieties of remontant strawberries are very popular: Queen Elizabeth 2, Temptation, Albion, Moscow delicacy. If the seedlings are planted in a heated greenhouse, then sowing can be done at any time of the year, but be sure to take into account moon calendar planting seeds for seedlings.

Dates for planting seeds for seedlings in February

Lavender, Viola and Salvia have a growing season of up to 5 months, so sowing should be done in mid-February. Then, in June-July you can enjoy beautiful view favorite flowers. There is no exact answer to the question: when to sow Geranium (Pelargonium) seeds. Depends on when you want to plant it in the ground. Favorable days of the month: February 3, 4 or 7 and 8.

When to sow seeds for seedlings in March

This month in middle lane The active summer season is already beginning in Russia and the southern regions. Annual flowers with a short growing season are sown in March or April, but it is not recommended to plant them in the soil before the 20th of May.

March 7-8 is best time When can you plant Dahlia seeds? Around these days they begin to grow seedlings the following types flowers: Echinacea, Alyssum, Iberis, Coleus, Bluebells, Dianthus, Violet, Phlox and Matthiola. Each of them has its own sowing characteristics and timing.

Planting at the beginning of the month or at the end makes a difference for seedlings. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully study the information on the packaging and adhere to exact deadlines. Permissible deviations in the sowing date can be no more than 10 days, then the sprout will not lag behind in development, and the period of its decorative effect will be maximum.

Planting seeds for seedlings video

Gardener's secrets about preparing and planting seeds

• Preparing containers and soil for seeds for seedlings
• How to choose and when to sow seedlings
• When and what flowers to plant for seedlings according to the lunar calendar
• How to grow strawberry seedlings from seeds in peat tablets

Bottom line

Knowing the growing season of a particular crop or variety, you can independently calculate the approximate time for sowing seeds for seedlings, and the lunar calendar will tell you which days you need to plant and which days it is better to avoid.

Tulips are one of the earliest spring flowers, which appear in abundance in retail sales for the holiday of the Eighth of March, and after the snow melts they begin to appear from the warmed ground in private flower beds, to soon bloom with fragrant delicate flowers. If you have finally decided to place lovely tulips in your garden, you will most likely have a logical question: when to plant tulips?

Nature will tell you the correct answer

It would be logical to start planting bulbs in the spring, along with other flowers and vegetable crops. But it was not there! Most experienced flower growers unanimously claim that autumn is the only suitable time when it is better to plant tulips. Although there are also supporters of spring planting, who can give many reasons why it is preferable to plant tulip bulbs in the ground in the spring. So, when should you plant tulips, and who is right?

Autumn is the only suitable time when it is better to plant tulips

To come to the right conclusion when is the best time to plant tulips, you should pay attention to how these flowers grow in nature. Having understood the natural rhythm of life of wild tulips, you can easily understand what the more delicate varietal flowers growing in flower beds want.

Video about correct landing tulips

Most types of tulips are native to Central Asia. Here, wild tulips are found in rocky and sandy deserts, in arid mountainous areas, foothills, on scree, in rock crevices, and also in steppes. In early spring, the mountain slopes and deserts of Central Asia present a truly picturesque picture - blooming tulips play with bright colors in the sun, covering the ground with flowering carpets.

As soon as spring warmth turns into hot heat, the tulips quickly fade, dry out, and all the life in them is concentrated in the bulbs. The bulbs go deeper into the ground, and with the arrival of cool autumn weather, they form new roots in order to bloom again in the spring immediately after awakening.

Thus, the tulips bloom in natural environment occurs only after a period of winter cooling, which is necessary for the formation in the bulbs of substances that affect the germination and flowering of the plant.

Tulips bloom in their natural environment only after a period of winter cooling.

The optimal time to plant tulips

The life cycle of cultivated tulips is the same as that of wild ones, so the most suitable period when you need to plant tulips is autumn. Once in the ground, the bulbs have time to grow roots before frost, after which life in them freezes with the onset of winter. In spring, the stem quickly emerges from under the snow and delicate buds form in a short time. At the end of flowering, the tulips are dug up and the bulbs are sent for storage until autumn planting.

Featured tulip planting dates– from the second ten days of September until the last days of October. The right time to plant tulips depends on the region and the local climate. So, in central Russia, bulbs are planted starting from the twentieth of September, and in southern regions– since October.

The life cycle of cultivated tulips is the same as that of wild ones

You can determine when to plant tulips by looking at the soil temperature:

• as soon as at a depth of ten centimeters the soil temperature dropped to +7+9 degrees, it was time to start planting the bulbs;
• if the temperature is higher, the bulbs will sprout, which will die at the first frost, and rooting will be worse;
• at a lower soil temperature, the bulbs simply will not have time to take root well before the onset of frost, which will lead to stunted growth of tulips in the spring and unsuccessful flowering.

Sufficient time for rooting of planted bulbs is about 20-30 days at optimal humidity soil and temperature in its upper layers up to +7 degrees.

Tulip shoots

But if for some reason the recommended dates were missed, when can you plant tulips in this case? According to experienced gardeners, it is possible to plant bulbs until the first days of December - this is still better than postponing planting until spring. And so that the bulbs do not freeze and the tulips do not lag behind in development in the spring, it is recommended to cover the flowerbed with spruce branches, dry leaves or straw and sprinkle snow on top.

Features of spring planting

It also happens that flower growers remember the need to plant tulips only on the eve of spring. Although the time is not the best, don’t completely give up on these elegant flowers now. Tulips planted in spring also grow, but begin to bloom much later. You can speed up their flowering using a simple technique:

• Place tulip bulbs that have been recently purchased in the refrigerator overnight (not in the freezer!);
• the next day, rinse with a pink solution of potassium permanganate;
• plant the bulbs in the ground.

Video about methods of planting tulips

You need to plant tulips in open ground before April, but if frost is still possible in your region at this time, first plant the bulbs in a container suitable size, and only then carefully transplant it into a flowerbed.

The main thing is to remember: regardless of what time to plant tulips, agricultural technology must be followed carefully, otherwise due to improper care the plant bulb shreds, and after it the stems and flowers become smaller.

Instructions

The period during which the main planting work occurs is considered to be spring. However, it is still worthwhile to prepare for this season. At this time, the pre-sowing treatment of asters and the placement of coniferous seeds for stratification begins. Place the aster seeds in a container with soil mixture and cover it under the snow until March. If you are going to grow spruce or pine from seeds, place them in damp sand and put the container in a room with a temperature no higher than three degrees until April.

The second half of March is suitable for sowing tomatoes and sweet Bulgarian, if you are going to grow these crops in seedlings with subsequent planting in open ground. Before placing the seeds in a container with soil mixture, soak them for ten to fifteen minutes in a strong solution of potassium permanganate. The seedlings sown at this time will appear before the daylight hours become long enough for normal plant development. To avoid this, use a fluorescent lamp for illumination.

If you grow cucumbers in seedlings, at the beginning of April, soak the seeds for fifteen minutes in a solution of potassium permanganate, rinse with running water and germinate by placing them in a damp cloth. After the first roots appear, plant the seeds in a container with soil mixture and place in a well-lit place. If you are growing aster seedlings without prior stratification, sow them in a container with soil mixture in April.

In April, plums, cherries, apple trees, pears and other seedlings purchased from a nursery can be planted in thawed ground. in early spring or buried since autumn. Place plants in prepared autumn planting pits, straighten the roots and sprinkle them with fertile soil. The same time is suitable for disembarkation ornamental shrubs.

At the end of April, loosen the bed prepared in the fall for spring garlic and plant the cloves in the ground.

At the end of April or closer to the beginning of May, when the soil thaws and dries, plant potato tubers in the soil prepared in the fall. After the threat of frost has passed, seedlings of peppers, tomatoes and cucumbers can be transplanted into open ground. When starting work, make sure that the soil has had time to warm up to fifteen degrees.

At the beginning of August or the very end of July, arrange a bed for garden strawberries, the harvest from which you plan to get next year. As planting material, you can use well-developed rosettes formed on adult bushes.

Closer to autumn, when the soil temperature is no higher than ten degrees, plant tulip bulbs in the ground. In September-early October it is time to plant winter garlic. The same period can be used for planting winter-hardy fruit trees and bushes.

note

The dates are given for central Russia.

Helpful advice

If you want to grow tomato or pepper seedlings and then plant them in a greenhouse, move the timing of sowing the seeds 2 weeks earlier.

Related article

Tip 2: Why do you need a lunar calendar when working in the garden?

A lunar calendar is a calendar compiled taking into account changes in lunar phases or rhythms (the synodic month of the Moon). It contains tables with favorable and unfavorable days for carrying out various types of agricultural work.

Growing seedlings of vegetable and flower crops, caring for fruit and decorative trees and shrubs, as well as work related to preparing the soil for seasonal cultivation, all this can be found in this calendar.

In the lunar calendar, days are marked according to the passage of the Moon through the signs of the Zodiac that are fruitfully suitable for work and vice versa.

What every vegetable gardener needs to know

To reap a good harvest, it is important to know:
- favorable days for sowing seedlings and transplanting them
- time to combat plant pests
- the most effective time to feed plants
- schedule of agrotechnical activities

The influence of the Moon on the processes occurring on Earth is quite obvious. These are the ebb and flow of the seas and oceans, periodic fluctuations in sea level, changes magnetic field Earth. And since in nature all processes are interconnected, certain cyclic processes also occur in living organisms under the influence of the Earth’s satellite.

The movement of juices within plants depends in part on atmospheric pressure. The lunar month lasts 29.5 days, which is shorter than the calendar month; during this period the Moon goes through 4 phases: new moon; Waxing Crescent; full moon; waning moon. The waxing Moon has a beneficial effect on active growth The above-ground parts of plants are leaves, stems, flowers and fruits. The waning moon has an influence on the underground parts - roots, bulbs and tubers.

During the periods of new moon and full moon, living organisms are especially vulnerable.

The influence of lunar phases on plants.

During the waxing moon, the life processes of plant roots slow down. This is a beneficial time for cultivating the soil, loosening it, as well as for... It is not recommended to prune and graft at this time, so as not to injure the above-ground parts of trees, shrubs, climbing plants. During this period you need greens, leafy vegetables and fruit plants, sow lawn grass.

During the period of the waning moon, vital processes are activated in the underground part of plants and roots, and intensive root formation occurs. Active watering with the use of biogrowth stimulants is necessary for plants during this period. Now is the time for pruning, grafting, and plants.

Planting root crops, potatoes, onions, thinning dense seedlings and weed control are the main work during this period. Can be planted berry bushes, because strong is healthy root system determines a good harvest.

Full and new moon days are considered unfavorable for any kind of work with plants.

On the day of the full moon and in the first 2 days after it, it is recommended to pick berries and fruits. 1 day before the new moon and 1 day after it they destroy garden pests, removal of wild growth and diseased plants.

Sources:

• Moon calendar

In order for the garden to please you with a good harvest, it is important to follow the agricultural techniques for growing vegetables and herbs. Crop cultivation activities begin with the selection of seeds, their preparation and compliance with planting dates.

You will need

• - vegetable seeds;
• - prepared soil;
• - pots for seedlings;
• - gardening Tools.

Instructions

Eggplant
They are grown in the central part and in the north of Russia through seedlings, since they have a very long growth period from planting to fruit appearance. The time for sowing eggplant seedlings for subsequent planting in a greenhouse is the end of February. Plant eggplants in open ground no earlier than mid-March, and then under film.

Salad
The culture is cold-resistant, so lettuce seeds can be planted in early spring and winter sowing. When sowing in early spring, a film cover is necessary, this will speed up the production of the first harvest. The growth period of cabbage varieties is from 50 to 80 days. Grown through seedlings, all types of lettuce produce a higher quality harvest at an earlier date.

Dill
It is better to sow dill little by little, but every two weeks. Then fresh herbs will always be on the table. The timing of sowing dill seeds depends on temperature conditions. For the harvest, you can carry out the first sowing in early April, under film. Usually, dill is sown in open ground, directly on the garden bed, in the third ten days of April.

Parsley
Seeds can germinate when low temperatures, the plant can withstand even short-term frosts. Usually sowing is done in early spring, but winter sowing also gives good results.

Zucchini
Usually grown in open ground, since the crop is unpretentious and not very sensitive to temperature. At seedling method the harvest appears 1-2 weeks earlier than usual. Sowing of zucchini seeds for seedlings begins in the second ten days of April. Sow into the ground in May.

Carrot
As a fairly cold-resistant plant, carrots can withstand low temperatures. Therefore, sowing carrot seeds can be done both before winter and in spring, starting in March.

cucumbers
Cucumbers can be sown in open ground or grown as seedlings. For ground sowing, it is necessary to wait until the soil begins to warm up to +18...20°C during the day. This happens at the very end of May.

Tomatoes
Preparing tomato seeds for sowing as seedlings should begin quite early - in early February. Sow tomato seeds in pots in early March. Tomatoes are sown with seeds in the ground at the end of April.

Helpful advice

Additionally, in June, you can carry out a second planting cycle of parsley in order to get another harvest of greenery before autumn.

The use of lunar calendars in the country gives rise to controversy around their appropriateness: some summer residents claim that the position of the Moon at the time of sowing serves as the main measure of good yield, others are skeptical about this.

You will need

• - moon calendar;
• - online service.

Instructions

The fact that the Moon influences most of the processes occurring in nature on Earth has long been proven: the gravitational force of the Moon affects sea ​​tides and low tides, scientists have determined the influence of this Earth satellite on changes in the electromagnetic field of our planet. Based on this, the influence of the Moon on all living organisms inhabiting the Earth does not seem like a fantasy.

It is believed that depending on the phase of the moon, its influence on flora and fauna changes. In addition, the Moon passes through all the signs of the Zodiac in the sky, in each of them acquiring special qualities inherent to them. The waxing Moon affects the rapid growth of the above-ground parts of plants, and the waning Moon affects the root system, tubers and bulbs. During the new and full moon periods, plants experience a certain amount of stress, they are more vulnerable to disease and are less susceptible to injury. During this period, gardening work is not recommended.

On the waxing Moon, work with the root system and soil is encouraged: during this period, the root system is less susceptible to damage, and therefore tolerates replanting more easily. During this period, you should not prune or graft plants - life processes in leaves and stems are accelerated, and damage to them can negatively affect the condition of the plants. During this period, you need to plant plants with greenery, flowers, and herbs. When the Moon is waning, you cannot do anything that causes injury to the roots, but you can carry out pruning, weeding and thinning of seedlings. At this time, you can plant potatoes and other root crops.

The zodiac is divided into four elements: the signs of Water (Cancer, Scorpio, Pisces), Earth (Taurus, Virgo, Capricorn), Fire (Aries, Leo, Sagittarius) and Air (Gemini, Libra, Aquarius). When the Moon passes through water signs, you should not harvest crops - they will not be stored for long, planting during this period will give a rich harvest, but these should not be root crops, but green crops, spices, cabbage.

With the Earth's Moon opposite, harvested will be stored for a long time. This time is favorable for planting, picking, and hilling root crops. The Fire Moon is favorable for fertilizing and treating plants against diseases and pests. Damage caused to plants during this period does not heal well. It is not recommended to plant plants during this period - this barren signs, good harvest won't be able to get it. The air Moon is neutral - during this period all work on planting, processing and harvesting can be carried out.

As you can see, the Lunar Calendar has a right to exist, which is why many gardeners consult the Moon. Knowing the basic principles of constructing the Lunar Calendar, it is advisable to compile it yourself, since in magazines data about the Moon is often printed with offset dates and times. Such calendars are more intended for entertainment; you should not trust them recklessly.

It is better to use serious sources about the phases of the moon, if they are at hand. You can also find many services on the Internet where you can find out the phase of the Moon and its sign up to the minute. If this method is also not available, you can use a tear-off calendar, where all the data related to the Moon is indicated in detail.

The question of when to plant certain crops for seedlings is most often asked by beginning gardeners. After all, due to ignorance, you can be late with planting and ultimately lose part of the harvest. In general, the timing of sowing seeds should be calculated according to two indicators:

• the period from the beginning of sowing to planting seedlings in the ground;
• the period from the beginning of sowing to the beginning of fruiting.

For example, you can start harvesting mid-season tomato varieties 4 months after planting (120 days), and if you need to get a harvest from this crop in mid-summer, you should make simple calculations and sow on the required dates. So, to harvest vegetables on July 15-20, you need to count back 120 days (this is for mid-ripening varieties; to calculate early and late-ripening varieties, 100 and 140 days are taken as a basis, respectively), and also subtract about 10 more days (for germination and survival after transplants into the ground). In total, we find that seed planting should begin on March 8-13.

When planting seeds for seedlings, you should not lose sight of whether the crop will be grown in a greenhouse or in open ground in the future. For example, tomatoes require about 60 days from the moment of sowing until planting in a permanent place; in central Russia, tomatoes can be planted in a greenhouse already in mid-May, and in open ground - in early-mid June, from this we can conclude that Planting of this particular crop can begin in mid-March - greenhouse varieties, in early-mid April - varieties for open ground.

Using the method described above, you can calculate when to plant seedlings, for example, peppers or eggplants. Both crops can be planted in a greenhouse in mid-May, and in open ground in early-mid June, however, about 90 days should pass from the moment of sowing until the moment of transplanting peppers, and 70 days for eggplants. From this we can conclude that that greenhouse peppers and eggplants should be planted in mid-February and early March, respectively, and varieties for open ground should be planted no earlier than early to mid-March and early April.

First, I will give a general algorithm for calculating when to sow seedlings not only in 2018, but also in any other year. To do this, open the calendar and count back from the planting date the optimal age of the seedlings plus another 3 to 10 days for germination. We check the resulting date with the lunar calendar. We choose a suitable day for sowing seedlings of vegetable crops and flowers, always on the waxing moon. If the sowing day falls on the waning moon, then it is better to postpone sowing for several days.

Now let’s calculate when to sow seedlings in 2018 using tomatoes as an example. The age of ready seedlings by May 25, the time of planting is 40 days. Let's add 5 days for germination. Then the date for sowing seedlings - March 11 - falls on the third quarter of the lunar cycle. On the waning Moon it is good to sow root crops, so if you decide to grow celery seedlings, then March 11 is a favorable day for sowing. And we wait for the growing moon and sow tomatoes on March 20, 22 or 23, on the most favorable days of the lunar month.

Planting dates for other vegetable crops:

• Eggplants and peppers - 55-60 days from germination plus 10 days from sowing to germination. In 2018, we sow from February 18 to March 1 or simultaneously with tomatoes.
• Cucumbers, melons, watermelons, zucchini and pumpkins are planted at the age of 20-25 days, seedlings appear after 3 - 5 days. In 2018, we sow from March 24 to March 30 on window sills and from April 18 - in the ground in a greenhouse.
• I don’t recommend sowing all types of cabbage on the windowsill at all. She is very sensitive to lack of light and excess heat. You won't get good seedlings at home.

Don't forget that seedlings heat-loving plants sensitive not only to heat and soil, but also to lack of lighting. When sowing in February and March, it is worth considering the possibility of additional lighting. Or shift the sowing time of some crops to April, when daylight hours become long enough and the sun becomes bright. Planted in open ground, later seedlings will take root more easily and will quickly catch up with those sown in March.

Seedlings are young plants specially grown in greenhouse conditions and then planted in open ground. It is often used in vegetable growing, ornamental gardening and growing various plants. Thanks to the seedlings, it is possible to obtain high yield ahead of schedule up to one and a half months. This is how popular vegetables are grown: cabbage, eggplant, tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers and many others.

As soon as the snow falls and spring comes, summer residents are already preoccupied with starting to plant seedlings for a rich harvest in the future.

When to plant seedlings

This is done weeks or months in advance before planting in the ground. summer cottage. Planting time depends on the plant crop. In recent years, the lunar calendar for seedlings has become widespread, according to which seedlings are grown. Some summer residents are confident in the effectiveness of the method. Others are skeptical about him.

Seedlings are received different ways. Pots, egg trays or cups made of paper or plastic are used. The time for seed growth depends on the plant crop and its variety. Therefore, before you start growing, you need to know exactly when to plant seedlings correctly and how to do it so that everything works out in the required time.

Usually it begins to be grown from April to May. At the same time, in May you can move to dacha soil by building a film shelter there. This is acceptable, of course, if the year is not cold. A month before starting to transplant plants from insulated areas, the seedlings are gradually hardened. It is taken out into open areas, prolonging the duration on the street.

Let's consider right time seedlings individual species vegetables

Planting pepper

This warm-loving culture is a storehouse of vitamins and microelements for human body. It contains a large number of vitamin C and no less - vitamin A. Pepper is added to a variety of summer salads or separately for meat dishes. That's why summer residents love it so much and often grow it in their garden beds.

Unlike other crops that may be suitable alternative method, pepper will not work without seedlings, it needs for a long time before fruit ripening: approximately one hundred twenty to one hundred thirty days. To understand when to plant pepper seedlings, you need to take into account that they are planted in the third month, when the period is already from sixty to eighty days. During this period, the bush begins to bloom.

The first shoots will appear well when the daytime temperature is from twelve to fifteen degrees, and the night temperature is from six to ten. It is planted in the ground approximately at the very beginning of summer. At this time frosts are unlikely to occur. When ripening in greenhouses, seedlings periodically need to be hardened with the sun. Otherwise, after landing, it runs the risk of immediately burning.

Tomato time

A favorite tomato, this round, orange or red vegetable is easy to grow. However, it absolutely needs to maintain a certain temperature.

Shoots can appear within three days after planting. The maximum waiting period is only seven days to a week. For development to proceed normally, the temperature must be constantly maintained from twenty to twenty-five degrees. At higher temperatures, growth slows down, and then the plants completely stop developing.

Seedlings are organized approximately two or a little over a month before planting. U late varieties shorter period: from forty-five to fifty days. Thus, the seeds are sown between the tenth of March and the first of April. Replanting begins after the last frost.

In the northern regions this is the period of the second ten days of June, and in the central regions - the first half of May. After hardening the seedlings, which occurs within two to three weeks, they are moved to open ground.

Time for cucumbers

The cucumber, beloved by many, is considered the most capricious vegetable to transplant. The seeds must germinate before planting. From late March - early April, seedlings are prepared.

Before planting the seeds, they are soaked in a potassium permanganate solution (two grams per glass of water). Then place it on a damp cloth. In this case, the temperature should be between twenty and twenty-five degrees. After the seedlings develop, they are planted in pots with a width of six to ten centimeters.

The transplant should take place when the plant is no more than twenty-five to thirty days old. The plant should arrive in the greenhouse in mid-May, and on the site in a month.

Time for zucchini and eggplant

These cultures are as capricious as the previous ones. Normal growth and development occurs at twenty-five to thirty degrees, and they sprout at the age of ten to fifteen days.

If the temperature is too low, the seedlings will emerge much later. Zucchini is received only three months after transplantation. Therefore, it is necessary to grow seedlings in advance.

Sprouts are planted in the ground two months after planting the seeds for seedlings. It cannot withstand frosts, so eggplants are transplanted from the end of May, and seedlings are planted in the middle of the first spring month.

Time for cabbage

For cabbage, planting and replanting can vary greatly depending on different varieties. But usually cabbage seedlings need to be planted two months before the planned transplant. Early varieties begin to grow in mid-March, and late varieties - a month later.

The first cabbage harvest is harvested after three to four months, the middle ones after four to five months, and for the late ones, the first fruits should be expected only five to six months after transplanting into the ground.

The plant loves light and tolerates cold, but has rather high soil requirements. Seedlings are able to grow and develop well already at temperatures from six to ten degrees, but over time the temperature must be increased to fourteen to eighteen degrees.

All dates must be carefully studied before starting seedlings. Then the harvest will be really good.

Planting seedlings for the greenhouse in February

Most crops begin to be planted in February. But early varieties are only being prepared for planting at the end of winter. Before sowing, all seeds must be sorted and left warm for some time. There is no point in sowing damaged grains. They are usually thrown away.

At the end of winter, root celery and early cabbage are usually planted. You can also plant eggplant because the seeds will take longer to germinate than other common crops. It will take longer for them to force seedlings. Therefore, in order to get fruits before August, all eggplant seeds must be planted in the first half of February.

It is not easy to get black onions either. The seedlings will take a long time to germinate, which is why early harvest there is no need to talk. The seeds have a shell, due to which pecking occurs slowly. To speed up the process, they are dipped in water with potassium permanganate and left for about twenty minutes, after which they are washed with cold water.

Then the treated seeds are covered with a light cloth, such as gauze, and left in a warm place, and after the seedlings appear, they are planted. To strengthen them, a solution for microfertilizers is sometimes used.

At the same time, seedlings for pepper are prepared. As already mentioned, once in the ground, the seeds simply will not have a chance to germinate.

At this time, basil and lettuce, as well as parsley and dill, are grown from greens. Even if you change your mind about planting it, you can always use ready-made plants in cooking, simply by trimming them again and again.

Any seedlings should be kept in a lighted place where there are no drafts. For February seeds, it is better to use, in addition to natural, solar, artificial lighting from one or more lamps.

The process starts from the moment the seeds are purchased. The bag should be taken seriously and carefully examined, examining the expiration date, manufacturer, and more. This directly determines whether the harvest will be successful or whether the seeds will remain lying in the soil or other seedlings.

To grow seedlings you will need:

• Decide where the container will be located, preference should be given to the light area;
• flat sticks for notes;
• transparencies;
• fertilizer soluble in water;
• small containers.

Experts advise not to grow seedlings in a single container; you may not notice the seedlings. Seedlings produced separately will save time if everything needs to be repeated. At home, it is better to use a container with forty cells, the length and width of which are five centimeters each, and the depth is seven. It is convenient to place it on the windowsill, and the plants will receive the necessary area.

Step-by-step instructions for growing seedlings include:

1. Filling the container with wet soil.
2. Leveling the soil using a ruler or similar device until a smooth, horizontal surface is obtained.
3. Carefully sowing seeds - if cells are provided, then put two seeds in each (the weak ones can then be removed).
4. Using dry cardboard, press the seeds into the soil until they make full contact, then germination will be better.
5. Sprinkle soil on top - it should be four times the diameter of the seed, this is the main rule when planting.
6. Putting the date and variety on the prepared stick, this is especially necessary if different varieties are grown in the same container.
7. Capacity coating plastic film, not watered until germination.
8. When placing the container in a dark, warm place without drafts, there should be no light because an excessive amount of moisture will be released under the film, which will cause the seeds to rot.
9. Removing the film after germination.
10. Seedlings begin to appear after about two or even three weeks, but if the container is stored in the right place, they usually appear on the tenth to fourteenth day.
11. After germination, they are placed in the sun (but not in direct rays); If the room is cold, you will have to add a heater and make sure that the temperature is maintained constant.

Plants are watered when moisture is no longer felt on the soil. It is more convenient to do this with a spray bottle.

Fertilizer is used once or twice.

Seedlings are kept indoors for six to eight weeks. Within another two weeks it is prepared for transplantation, periodically transferring it to open air and increasing the time each time.

When planting seedlings in the ground, adhere to the following recommendations:

• It is better to plant plants at sunset, then they will not dry out;
• you need to check that both the plants and the soil are well watered;
• you need to try not to spoil the root ball;
• after planting, water the hole;
• you can add snail bait;
• the soil must remain moist at all times.

Landless growing of seedlings: sawdust

Most often, the technology is used to grow flowers. For example, growing petunia in this way is very simple and effective. However, it also applies to vegetables. This method will require less time and resources, and it is easy to grow even in a small apartment.

The technique is often used to grow cucumbers, tomatoes, and fruits of the pumpkin family. Ripening here occurs faster. To achieve a similar result on earth, the use of chemistry will be required. The root in the sawdust is stimulated well, and there is no point in interfering with the process.

Sawdust for seedlings must be treated with an antiseptic. Seeds are most vulnerable to various infections, which can reduce the chances of seedling germination to zero. The sawdust is first doused with boiling water, and only then processed. Usually, water with potassium permanganate acts as an antiseptic, where sawdust is placed for a quarter of an hour or a little more. They are then dried in an open room. If moisture remains, it can provoke the appearance of mold, and the latter will cause the emergence of harmful microorganisms.

The container for seedlings must be sufficient for the root to develop freely. It is recommended to choose ordinary wooden boxes with high sides. One is enough for a whole bed of tomatoes or cucumbers, and the greater depth will allow you to pour a lot of sawdust, which is what the technology requires. When growing, the layer height should be between eight and ten centimeters.

The bottom must be covered with cellophane. Then the first layer of sawdust is poured, followed by the second, up to one and a half centimeters thick. It must be moistened, as it plays the role of the main soil. Next, the seeds are planted, making a small depression in the sawdust. The box is covered with the same film as on the bottom and put away in a dark, dry and warm place.

After germination, the film is removed and the box is transferred to a bright room. The seedlings are sprayed every day. A week later, the first feeding is done. In total - no more than three, since procedures are carried out twice a month. Used for them weak solution mullein, introduced by spraying.

Growing seedlings: toilet paper

The method is often used when there is little free space for containers. Here you will need plastic bottles, cellophane film and toilet paper. Oddly enough, the method proved to be effective. However, in this case, the seedlings must be fed with a liquid product.

So, plastic bottles are cut in half and the hole is screwed in. The film is cut into long strips of ten to fifteen centimeters. Toilet paper is also cut, placed on top of the film and moisturized well.

The seeds are poured onto paper and carefully spread out evenly. Then cover with the same moistened paper tape. All this is wrapped in a roll and loosely tied to fix it in this position.

All rolls are placed in bottle halves, filled with water to four to five centimeters. They need light right away. Therefore, the bottles are placed on the windowsill. Every other day the water should be changed, and after five days a root stimulator should be added.

Sprouts will appear in about two to two and a half weeks. It is impossible not to notice, the roll will turn green. Then the plants are transplanted either into separate containers or into open ground. From toilet paper There is no need to get rid of it; it will decompose safely in the ground.

As you can see, growing seedlings is easy. Material resources practically not required. All you have to do is arm yourself simple rules, and then use everything at hand. Hurry, 2016 seating starts soon!

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